September 2017 BRAS Newsletter
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The HERACLES View of the H -To-HI Ratio in Galaxies
The HERACLES View of the H2-to-HI Ratio in Galaxies Adam Leroy (NRAO, Hubble Fellow) Fabian Walter, Frank Bigiel, the HERACLES and THINGS teams The Saturday Morning Summary • Star formation rate vs. gas relation on ~kpc scales breaks apart into: A relatively universal CO-SFR relation in nearby disks Systematic environmental scalings in the CO-to-HI ratio • The CO-to-HI ratio is a strong function of radius, total gas, and stellar surface density correlated with ISM properties: dust-to-gas ratio, pressure harder to link to dynamics: gravitational instability, arms • Interpretation: the CO-to-HI ratio traces the efficiency of GMC formation Density and dust can explain much of the observed behavior heracles Fabian Walter Erik Rosolowsky MPIA UBC Frank Bigiel Eva Schinnerer UC Berkeley THINGS plus… MPIA Elias Brinks Antonio Usero Gaelle Dumas U Hertfordshire OAN, Madrid MPIA Erwin de Blok Andreas Schruba Helmut Wiesemeyer U Cape Town IRAM … MPIA Rob Kennicutt Axel Weiss Karl Schuster Cambridge MPIfR IRAM Barry Madore Carsten Kramer Karin Sandstrom Carnegie IRAM MPIA Michele Thornley Daniela Calzetti Kelly Foyle Bucknell UMass MPIA Collaborators The HERA CO-Line Extragalactic Survey First maps Leroy et al. (2009) • IRAM 30m Large Program to map CO J = 2→1 line • Instrument: HERA receiver array operating at 230 GHz • 47 galaxies: dwarfs to starbursts and massive spirals -2 • Very wide-field (~ r25) and sensitive (σ ~ 1-2 Msun pc ) NGS The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey HI Walter et al. (2008), AJ Special Issue (2008) • VLA HI maps of 34 galaxies: -
Where Are the Distant Worlds? Star Maps
W here Are the Distant Worlds? Star Maps Abo ut the Activity Whe re are the distant worlds in the night sky? Use a star map to find constellations and to identify stars with extrasolar planets. (Northern Hemisphere only, naked eye) Topics Covered • How to find Constellations • Where we have found planets around other stars Participants Adults, teens, families with children 8 years and up If a school/youth group, 10 years and older 1 to 4 participants per map Materials Needed Location and Timing • Current month's Star Map for the Use this activity at a star party on a public (included) dark, clear night. Timing depends only • At least one set Planetary on how long you want to observe. Postcards with Key (included) • A small (red) flashlight • (Optional) Print list of Visible Stars with Planets (included) Included in This Packet Page Detailed Activity Description 2 Helpful Hints 4 Background Information 5 Planetary Postcards 7 Key Planetary Postcards 9 Star Maps 20 Visible Stars With Planets 33 © 2008 Astronomical Society of the Pacific www.astrosociety.org Copies for educational purposes are permitted. Additional astronomy activities can be found here: http://nightsky.jpl.nasa.gov Detailed Activity Description Leader’s Role Participants’ Roles (Anticipated) Introduction: To Ask: Who has heard that scientists have found planets around stars other than our own Sun? How many of these stars might you think have been found? Anyone ever see a star that has planets around it? (our own Sun, some may know of other stars) We can’t see the planets around other stars, but we can see the star. -
Phobos, Deimos: Formation and Evolution Alex Soumbatov-Gur
Phobos, Deimos: Formation and Evolution Alex Soumbatov-Gur To cite this version: Alex Soumbatov-Gur. Phobos, Deimos: Formation and Evolution. [Research Report] Karpov institute of physical chemistry. 2019. hal-02147461 HAL Id: hal-02147461 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02147461 Submitted on 4 Jun 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Phobos, Deimos: Formation and Evolution Alex Soumbatov-Gur The moons are confirmed to be ejected parts of Mars’ crust. After explosive throwing out as cone-like rocks they plastically evolved with density decays and materials transformations. Their expansion evolutions were accompanied by global ruptures and small scale rock ejections with concurrent crater formations. The scenario reconciles orbital and physical parameters of the moons. It coherently explains dozens of their properties including spectra, appearances, size differences, crater locations, fracture symmetries, orbits, evolution trends, geologic activity, Phobos’ grooves, mechanism of their origin, etc. The ejective approach is also discussed in the context of observational data on near-Earth asteroids, main belt asteroids Steins, Vesta, and Mars. The approach incorporates known fission mechanism of formation of miniature asteroids, logically accounts for its outliers, and naturally explains formations of small celestial bodies of various sizes. -
Messier Plus Marathon Text
Messier Plus Marathon Object List by Wally Brown & Bob Buckner with additional objects by Mike Roos Object Data - Saguaro Astronomy Club Score is most numbered objects in a single night. Tiebreaker is count of un-numbered objects Observer Name Date Address Marathon Obects __________ Tiebreaker Objects ________ SEQ OBJECT TYPE CON R.A. DEC. RISE TRANSIT SET MAG SIZE NOTES TIME M 53 GLOCL COM 1312.9 +1810 7:21 14:17 21:12 7.7 13.0' NGC 5024, !B,vC,iR,vvmbM,st 12.. NGC 5272, !!,eB,vL,vsmbM,st 11.., Lord Rosse-sev dark 1 M 3 GLOCL CVN 1342.2 +2822 7:11 14:46 22:20 6.3 18.0' marks within 5' of center 2 M 5 GLOCL SER 1518.5 +0205 10:17 16:22 22:27 5.7 23.0' NGC 5904, !!,vB,L,eCM,eRi, st mags 11...;superb cluster M 94 GALXY CVN 1250.9 +4107 5:12 13:55 22:37 8.1 14.4'x12.1' NGC 4736, vB,L,iR,vsvmbM,BN,r NGC 6121, Cl,8 or 10 B* in line,rrr, Look for central bar M 4 GLOCL SCO 1623.6 -2631 12:56 17:27 21:58 5.4 36.0' structure M 80 GLOCL SCO 1617.0 -2258 12:36 17:21 22:06 7.3 10.0' NGC 6093, st 14..., Extremely rich and compressed M 62 GLOCL OPH 1701.2 -3006 13:49 18:05 22:21 6.4 15.0' NGC 6266, vB,L,gmbM,rrr, Asymmetrical M 19 GLOCL OPH 1702.6 -2615 13:34 18:06 22:38 6.8 17.0' NGC 6273, vB,L,R,vCM,rrr, One of the most oblate GC 3 M 107 GLOCL OPH 1632.5 -1303 12:17 17:36 22:55 7.8 13.0' NGC 6171, L,vRi,vmC,R,rrr, H VI 40 M 106 GALXY CVN 1218.9 +4718 3:46 13:23 22:59 8.3 18.6'x7.2' NGC 4258, !,vB,vL,vmE0,sbMBN, H V 43 M 63 GALXY CVN 1315.8 +4201 5:31 14:19 23:08 8.5 12.6'x7.2' NGC 5055, BN, vsvB stell. -
Winter Constellations
Winter Constellations *Orion *Canis Major *Monoceros *Canis Minor *Gemini *Auriga *Taurus *Eradinus *Lepus *Monoceros *Cancer *Lynx *Ursa Major *Ursa Minor *Draco *Camelopardalis *Cassiopeia *Cepheus *Andromeda *Perseus *Lacerta *Pegasus *Triangulum *Aries *Pisces *Cetus *Leo (rising) *Hydra (rising) *Canes Venatici (rising) Orion--Myth: Orion, the great hunter. In one myth, Orion boasted he would kill all the wild animals on the earth. But, the earth goddess Gaia, who was the protector of all animals, produced a gigantic scorpion, whose body was so heavily encased that Orion was unable to pierce through the armour, and was himself stung to death. His companion Artemis was greatly saddened and arranged for Orion to be immortalised among the stars. Scorpius, the scorpion, was placed on the opposite side of the sky so that Orion would never be hurt by it again. To this day, Orion is never seen in the sky at the same time as Scorpius. DSO’s ● ***M42 “Orion Nebula” (Neb) with Trapezium A stellar nursery where new stars are being born, perhaps a thousand stars. These are immense clouds of interstellar gas and dust collapse inward to form stars, mainly of ionized hydrogen which gives off the red glow so dominant, and also ionized greenish oxygen gas. The youngest stars may be less than 300,000 years old, even as young as 10,000 years old (compared to the Sun, 4.6 billion years old). 1300 ly. 1 ● *M43--(Neb) “De Marin’s Nebula” The star-forming “comma-shaped” region connected to the Orion Nebula. ● *M78--(Neb) Hard to see. A star-forming region connected to the Orion Nebula. -
Enabling Science with Gaia Observations of Naked-Eye Stars
Enabling science with Gaia observations of naked-eye stars J. Sahlmanna,b, J. Mart´ın-Fleitasb,c, A. Morab,c, A. Abreub,d, C. M. Crowleyb,e, E. Jolietb,f aEuropean Space Agency, STScI, 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; bEuropean Space Agency, ESAC, P.O. Box 78, Villanueva de la Canada,˜ 28691 Madrid, Spain; cAurora Technology, Crown Business Centre, Heereweg 345, 2161 CA Lisse, The Netherlands; dElecnor Deimos Space, Ronda de Poniente 19, Ed. Fiteni VI, 28760 Tres Cantos, Madrid, Spain; eHE Space Operations BV, Huygensstraat 44, 2201 DK Noordwijk, The Netherlands; fCalifornia Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, 91125, USA ABSTRACT ESA’s Gaia space astrometry mission is performing an all-sky survey of stellar objects. At the beginning of the nominal mission in July 2014, an operation scheme was adopted that enabled Gaia to routinely acquire observations of all stars brighter than the original limit of G∼6, i.e. the naked-eye stars. Here, we describe the current status and extent of those observations and their on-ground processing. We present an overview of the data products generated for G<6 stars and the potential scientific applications. Finally, we discuss how the Gaia survey could be enhanced by further exploiting the techniques we developed. Keywords: Gaia, Astrometry, Proper motion, Parallax, Bright Stars, Extrasolar planets, CCD 1. INTRODUCTION There are about 6000 stars that can be observed with the unaided human eye. Greek astronomer Hipparchus used these stars to define the magnitude system still in use today, in which the faintest stars had an apparent visual magnitude of 6. -
August 13 2016 7:00Pm at the Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho
Snake River Skies The Newsletter of the Magic Valley Astronomical Society www.mvastro.org Membership Meeting President’s Message Saturday, August 13th 2016 7:00pm at the Herrett Center for Arts & Science College of Southern Idaho. Public Star Party Follows at the Colleagues, Centennial Observatory Club Officers It's that time of year: The City of Rocks Star Party. Set for Friday, Aug. 5th, and Saturday, Aug. 6th, the event is the gem of the MVAS year. As we've done every Robert Mayer, President year, we will hold solar viewing at the Smoky Mountain Campground, followed by a [email protected] potluck there at the campground. Again, MVAS will provide the main course and 208-312-1203 beverages. Paul McClain, Vice President After the potluck, the party moves over to the corral by the bunkhouse over at [email protected] Castle Rocks, with deep sky viewing beginning sometime after 9 p.m. This is a chance to dig into some of the darkest skies in the west. Gary Leavitt, Secretary [email protected] Some members have already reserved campsites, but for those who are thinking of 208-731-7476 dropping by at the last minute, we have room for you at the bunkhouse, and would love to have to come by. Jim Tubbs, Treasurer / ALCOR [email protected] The following Saturday will be the regular MVAS meeting. Please check E-mail or 208-404-2999 Facebook for updates on our guest speaker that day. David Olsen, Newsletter Editor Until then, clear views, [email protected] Robert Mayer Rick Widmer, Webmaster [email protected] Magic Valley Astronomical Society is a member of the Astronomical League M-51 imaged by Rick Widmer & Ken Thomason Herrett Telescope Shotwell Camera https://herrett.csi.edu/astronomy/observatory/City_of_Rocks_Star_Party_2016.asp Calendars for August Sun Mon Tue Wed Thu Fri Sat 1 2 3 4 5 6 New Moon City Rocks City Rocks Lunation 1158 Castle Rocks Castle Rocks Star Party Star Party Almo, ID Almo, ID 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 MVAS General Mtg. -
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory a Autumn Observing Notes
Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory A Autumn Observing Notes Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn Tour of the Sky with the Naked Eye CASSIOPEIA Look for the ‘W’ 4 shape 3 Polaris URSA MINOR Notice how the constellations swing around Polaris during the night Pherkad Kochab Is Kochab orange compared 2 to Polaris? Pointers Is Dubhe Dubhe yellowish compared to Merak? 1 Merak THE PLOUGH Figure 1: Sketch of the northern sky in autumn. © Rob Peeling, CaDAS, 2007 version 1.2 Wynyard Planetarium & Observatory PUBLIC OBSERVING – Autumn North 1. On leaving the planetarium, turn around and look northwards over the roof of the building. Close to the horizon is a group of stars like the outline of a saucepan with the handle stretching to your left. This is the Plough (also called the Big Dipper) and is part of the constellation Ursa Major, the Great Bear. The two right-hand stars are called the Pointers. Can you tell that the higher of the two, Dubhe is slightly yellowish compared to the lower, Merak? Check with binoculars. Not all stars are white. The colour shows that Dubhe is cooler than Merak in the same way that red-hot is cooler than white- hot. 2. Use the Pointers to guide you upwards to the next bright star. This is Polaris, the Pole (or North) Star. Note that it is not the brightest star in the sky, a common misconception. Below and to the left are two prominent but fainter stars. These are Kochab and Pherkad, the Guardians of the Pole. Look carefully and you will notice that Kochab is slightly orange when compared to Polaris. -
Alexandre Amorim -.:: GEOCITIES.Ws
Alexandre Amorim (org) 2 3 PREFÁCIO O Boletim Observe! é uma iniciativa da Coordenação de Observação Astronômica do Núcleo de Estudo e Observação Astronômica “José Brazilício de Souza” (NEOA-JBS). Durante a reunião administrativa do NEOA-JBS em maio de 2010 foi apresentada a edição de Junho de 2010 para apreciação dos demais coordenadores do Núcleo onde houve aprovação unânime em usar o Boletim Observe! como veículo de informação das atividades e, principalmente, observações astronômicas. O Boletim Observe! é publicado mensalmente em formato eletrônico ou impresso separadamente, prezando pela simplicidade das informações e encorajando os leitores a observar, registrar e publicar os eventos astronômicos. Desde a sua primeira edição o Boletim Observe! conta com a colaboração espontânea de diversos astrônomos amadores e profissionais. Toda edição do Observe! do mês de dezembro é publicado um índice dos artigos do respectivo ano. Porém, desde aquela edição de Junho de 2010 foram publicados centenas de artigos e faz-se necessário consultar assuntos que foram tratados nas edições anteriores do Observe! e seus respectivos autores. Para isso publicaremos anualmente esse Índice de Assuntos, permitindo a consulta rápida dos temas abordados. Florianópolis, 1º de dezembro de 2018 Alexandre Amorim Coordenação de Observação Astronômica do NEOA-JBS 4 Ano I (2010) Nº 1 – Junho 2010 Eclipse da Lua em 26 de junho de 2010 Amorim, A. Júpiter sem a Banda Equatorial Sul Amorim, A. Conjunção entre Júpiter e Urano Amorim, A. Causos do Avelino Alves, A. A. Quem foi Eugênia de Bessa? Amorim, A. Nº 2 – Julho 2010 Aprendendo a dimensionar as distâncias angulares no céu Neves, M. -
Experiencing Hubble
PRESCOTT ASTRONOMY CLUB PRESENTS EXPERIENCING HUBBLE John Carter August 7, 2019 GET OUT LOOK UP • When Galaxies Collide https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HP3x7TgvgR8 • How Hubble Images Get Color https://www.youtube.com/watch? time_continue=3&v=WSG0MnmUsEY Experiencing Hubble Sagittarius Star Cloud 1. 12,000 stars 2. ½ percent of full Moon area. 3. Not one star in the image can be seen by the naked eye. 4. Color of star reflects its surface temperature. Eagle Nebula. M 16 1. Messier 16 is a conspicuous region of active star formation, appearing in the constellation Serpens Cauda. This giant cloud of interstellar gas and dust is commonly known as the Eagle Nebula, and has already created a cluster of young stars. The nebula is also referred to the Star Queen Nebula and as IC 4703; the cluster is NGC 6611. With an overall visual magnitude of 6.4, and an apparent diameter of 7', the Eagle Nebula's star cluster is best seen with low power telescopes. The brightest star in the cluster has an apparent magnitude of +8.24, easily visible with good binoculars. A 4" scope reveals about 20 stars in an uneven background of fainter stars and nebulosity; three nebulous concentrations can be glimpsed under good conditions. Under very good conditions, suggestions of dark obscuring matter can be seen to the north of the cluster. In an 8" telescope at low power, M 16 is an impressive object. The nebula extends much farther out, to a diameter of over 30'. It is filled with dark regions and globules, including a peculiar dark column and a luminous rim around the cluster. -
Astronomy Magazine Special Issue
γ ι ζ γ δ α κ β κ ε γ β ρ ε ζ υ α φ ψ ω χ α π χ φ γ ω ο ι δ κ α ξ υ λ τ μ β α σ θ ε β σ δ γ ψ λ ω σ η ν θ Aι must-have for all stargazers η δ μ NEW EDITION! ζ λ β ε η κ NGC 6664 NGC 6539 ε τ μ NGC 6712 α υ δ ζ M26 ν NGC 6649 ψ Struve 2325 ζ ξ ATLAS χ α NGC 6604 ξ ο ν ν SCUTUM M16 of the γ SERP β NGC 6605 γ V450 ξ η υ η NGC 6645 M17 φ θ M18 ζ ρ ρ1 π Barnard 92 ο χ σ M25 M24 STARS M23 ν β κ All-in-one introduction ALL NEW MAPS WITH: to the night sky 42,000 more stars (87,000 plotted down to magnitude 8.5) AND 150+ more deep-sky objects (more than 1,200 total) The Eagle Nebula (M16) combines a dark nebula and a star cluster. In 100+ this intense region of star formation, “pillars” form at the boundaries spectacular between hot and cold gas. You’ll find this object on Map 14, a celestial portion of which lies above. photos PLUS: How to observe star clusters, nebulae, and galaxies AS2-CV0610.indd 1 6/10/10 4:17 PM NEW EDITION! AtlAs Tour the night sky of the The staff of Astronomy magazine decided to This atlas presents produce its first star atlas in 2006. -
Star Formation Relations and CO Sleds Across the J-Ladder and Redshift 3 on the ESA Herschel Space Observatory20 (Pilbratt Et Al
Draft version July 17, 2014 Preprint typeset using LATEX style emulateapj v. 5/2/11 STAR FORMATION RELATIONS AND CO SPECTRAL LINE ENERGY DISTRIBUTIONS ACROSS THE J-LADDER AND REDSHIFT T. R. Greve1, I. Leonidaki2, E. M. Xilouris2, A. Weiß3, Z.-Y. Zhang4,5, P. van der Werf6, S. Aalto7, L. Armus8, T. D´ıaz-Santos8, A.S. Evans9,10, J. Fischer11, Y. Gao12, E. Gonzalez-Alfonso´ 13, A. Harris14, C. Henkel3, R. Meijerink6,15, D. A. Naylor16 H. A. Smith17 M. Spaans15 G. J. Stacey18 S. Veilleux14 F. Walter19 Draft version July 17, 2014 ABSTRACT 0 We present FIR[50 − 300 µm]−CO luminosity relations (i.e., log LFIR = α log LCO + β) for the full CO rotational ladder from J = 1 − 0 up to J = 13 − 12 for a sample of 62 local (z ≤ 0:1) (Ultra) 11 Luminous Infrared Galaxies (LIRGs; LIR[8−1000 µm] > 10 L ) using data from Herschel SPIRE-FTS and ground-based telescopes. We extend our sample to high redshifts (z > 1) by including 35 (sub)- millimeter selected dusty star forming galaxies from the literature with robust CO observations, and sufficiently well-sampled FIR/sub-millimeter spectral energy distributions (SEDs) so that accurate FIR luminosities can be deduced. The addition of luminous starbursts at high redshifts enlarge the range of the FIR−CO luminosity relations towards the high-IR-luminosity end while also significantly increasing the small amount of mid-J/high-J CO line data (J = 5 − 4 and higher) that was available prior to Herschel. This new data-set (both in terms of IR luminosity and J-ladder) reveals linear FIR−CO luminosity relations (i.e., α ' 1) for J = 1 − 0 up to J = 5 − 4, with a nearly constant normalization (β ∼ 2).