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The Pharmacological and Therapeutic Importance of Eucalyptus Species Grown in Iraq
IOSR Journal Of Pharmacy www.iosrphr.org (e)-ISSN: 2250-3013, (p)-ISSN: 2319-4219 Volume 7, Issue 3 Version.1 (March 2017), PP. 72-91 The pharmacological and therapeutic importance of Eucalyptus species grown in Iraq Prof Dr Ali Esmail Al-Snafi Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Thi qar University, Iraq Abstract:- Eucalyptus species grown in Iraq were included Eucalyptus bicolor (Syn: Eucalyptus largiflorens), Eucalyptus griffithsii, Eucalyptus camaldulensis (Syn: Eucalyptus rostrata) Eucalyptus incrassate, Eucalyptus torquata and Eucalyptus microtheca (Syn: Eucalyptus coolabahs). Eucalypts contained volatile oils which occurred in many parts of the plant, depending on the species, but in the leaves that oils were most plentiful. The main constituent of the volatile oil derived from fresh leaves of Eucalyptus species was 1,8-cineole. The reported content of 1,8-cineole varies for 54-95%. The most common constituents co-occurring with 1,8- cineole were limonene, α-terpineol, monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, globulol and α , β and ϒ-eudesmol, and aromatic constituents. The pharmacological studies revealed that Eucalypts possessed gastrointestinal, antiinflammatory, analgesic, antidiabetic, antioxidant, anticancer, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, insecticidal, repellent, oral and dental, dermatological, nasal and many other effects. The current review highlights the chemical constituents and pharmacological and therapeutic activities of Eucalyptus species grown in Iraq. Keywords: Eucalyptus species, constituents, pharmacological, therapeutic I. INTRODUCTION: In the last few decades there has been an exponential growth in the field of herbal medicine. It is getting popularized in developing and developed countries owing to its natural origin and lesser side effects. Plants are a valuable source of a wide range of secondary metabolites, which are used as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, flavours, fragrances, colours, biopesticides and food additives [1-50]. -
Plants, Volume 1, Number 1 (August 1979)
Desert Plants, Volume 1, Number 1 (August 1979) Item Type Article Publisher University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ) Journal Desert Plants Rights Copyright © Arizona Board of Regents. The University of Arizona. Download date 02/10/2021 01:18:53 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/528188 Volume I. Number 1. August 1979 Desert Published by The University of Arizona for the Plants Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum Assisting Nature with Plant Selection4 Larry K. Holzworth Aberrant Sex -Ratios in Jojoba Associated with Environmental Factors 8 Serena L. Cole 'J. G. Lemmon & Wife,' Plant Explorers in Arizona, California, and Nevada12 Frank S. Crosswhite 'Extinct' Wire -Lettuce, Stephanomeria schottii (Compositae), Rediscovered in Arizona after More Than One Hundred Years22 Elinor Lehto Southwestern Indian Sunflowers23 Gary Paul Nabhan Transition from a Bermudagrass Lawn to a Landscape of Rock or Gravel Mulch 27 Charles Sacamano Preliminary Evaluation of Cold- hardiness in Desert Landscaping Plants at Central Arizona College29 William A. Kinnison Effects of the 1978 Freeze on Native Plants of Sonora, Mexico33 Warren D. Jones The Severe Freeze of 1978 -79 in the Southwestern United States37 The National Climate Program Act of 197840 Reviews42 Arboretum Progress46 R. T. McKittrick Volume 1. Number 1. August 1979 Published by The University of Arizona Desert Plants for the Boyce Thompson Southwestern Arboretum The Severe Freeze of 1978 -79 in the Contents Southwestern United States37 Correspondents: Editorial Barrie D. Coate, Saratoga Horticultural Foundation; Dara E. Emery, Santa Barbara Botanic Garden; Louis C. Assisting Nature with Plant Selection 4 Erickson, Botanic Gardens, University of California, River- Larry K. Holzworth, USDA Soil Conservation side; Wayne L. -
Volatile Leaf Oils of Some South-Western and Southern
FLAVOUR AND FRAGRANCE JOURNAL, VOL. 11.95-100 (1996) C. M. BigneU and P. J. Dunlop Department of Chemistry. University of Adelaide, South Australia. 5005, Australia J. J. Brophy Department of Organic Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia J. F. Jackson Department of Viticulture, Oenology and Horticulture, Wai!e Agricultural Research Institute, University of Adelaide, South Australia. 5005, Australia The volatile leaf oils of Eucalyptus cylindriflora Maiden and Blakely, E. erythronema Turcz var. erythronema, E. erythronema Turcz var. marginata (Benth.) Domin, E. dielsii C.A. Gardner, E. stricklandii Maiden, E. carnei C.A. Gardner, E. kruseana F. Muell., E. brachyphylla C.A. Gardner, E. ewartiana Maiden, E. orbijolia F. Muell., E. websteriana Maiden, E. crucis Maiden subsp. cruck, E. caesia Benth. subsp. caesia and E. caesia, Benth. subsp. magna Brooker and Hopper, isolated by vacuum distillation, were analysed by GC-MS and by GC. All species contained a-pinene (5.1-49.6%), l$-cineole (4.2-75.1%), p-cymene (0.2-23.5%) and aromadendrene/terpinen-4-ol (0-26.8%) as principal leaf oil components. KEY WORDS Eucalyptus cylindriflora Maiden and Blakely ; Eucalyptus erythronema, Turcz var. erythronema; Eucalyptus erythronema Turcz var. marginata, (Benth.) Domin; Eucalyptus dielsii C.A. Gardner; Eucalyptus stricklandii Maiden; Eucalyptus carnei C.A. Gardner; Eucalyptus kruseana, F. Muell. ; Eucalyptus brachyphylla C. A. Gardner; Eucalyptus ewartiana Maiden; Eucalyptus orbifolia F. Muell; Eucalyptus websteriana Maiden; Eucalyptus crucis Maiden subsp. crucis; Eucalyptus caesia Benth. subsp. caesia; Eucalyptus caesia Benth. subsp. magna, Brooker and Hopper; Myrtaceae; leaf essential oil composition; torquatone; mono- and sesquiterpenoids; GC-MS INTRODUCTION All of these species are native to southern West- em Australia. -
Seed List – January 2020
Seed List – January 2020 Botanical Name Common Name Date Collected (if Qty Description known) Acacia amoena Boomerang Wattle April 2019 3 Hardy shrub 2-3m Bushy growth Acacia ausfeldii Whipstick Cinnamon Wattle 3 Tall shrub found in Whipstick forest near Bendigo Acacia boormanii Snowy River Wattle 5 Outstanding tall shrub to small tree. Long lived Acacia cardiophylla Wyalong Wattle 1 Stunning flowers and feathery foliage on tall shrub Acacia conferta Crowded Leaf Wattle 1 Very colourful medium shrub Acacia consobrina Watercourse Wattle 2017/18 1 Small spreading wattle flowering autumn to winter Acacia cultriformis Knife leaf wattle 1 Hardy with grey foliage and golden balls in spring Acacia decora Showy Wattle 1 Hardy showy wattle 2-3m Acacia filifolia Fine Leaf Wattle 1 Upright wispy tall shrub Acacia glaucoptera (Fine leaf) Clay Wattle Dec 2019 3 Outstanding in flower and new growth Acacia guinetii Golden gravel wattle Dec 2019 3 Beautiful shrub 1.5m Acacia idiomorpha Furry Leaved wattle 1 Low growing wattle to 1m Acacia lanigera Woolly Wattle 2017 1 Rounded small shrub Acacia rigens Needle Wattle 2017 3 Beautiful tall shrub Soft needle like foliage Acacia spathulifolia Golden Carpet Wattle 2017 2 Low growing carpet of blossom in spring Acacia spectablis Mudgee Wattle 2017 1 Spectacular in flower Silvery trunk. Light green foliage Acacia triquetra Dec 2019 4 Very showy shrub to 1m Acacia verticillata Prickly Moses 2017 1 Medium wattle Excellent bird habitat Actinotus helianthin Flannel flower Dec 2019 3 Wonderful white flowers Araucaria -
D.Nicolle, Classification of the Eucalypts (Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus) | 2
Taxonomy Genus (common name, if any) Subgenus (common name, if any) Section (common name, if any) Series (common name, if any) Subseries (common name, if any) Species (common name, if any) Subspecies (common name, if any) ? = Dubious or poorly-understood taxon requiring further investigation [ ] = Hybrid or intergrade taxon (only recently-described and well-known hybrid names are listed) ms = Unpublished manuscript name Natural distribution (states listed in order from most to least common) WA Western Australia NT Northern Territory SA South Australia Qld Queensland NSW New South Wales Vic Victoria Tas Tasmania PNG Papua New Guinea (including New Britain) Indo Indonesia TL Timor-Leste Phil Philippines ? = Dubious or unverified records Research O Observed in the wild by D.Nicolle. C Herbarium specimens Collected in wild by D.Nicolle. G(#) Growing at Currency Creek Arboretum (number of different populations grown). G(#)m Reproductively mature at Currency Creek Arboretum. – (#) Has been grown at CCA, but the taxon is no longer alive. – (#)m At least one population has been grown to maturity at CCA, but the taxon is no longer alive. Synonyms (commonly-known and recently-named synonyms only) Taxon name ? = Indicates possible synonym/dubious taxon D.Nicolle, Classification of the eucalypts (Angophora, Corymbia and Eucalyptus) | 2 Angophora (apples) E. subg. Angophora ser. ‘Costatitae’ ms (smooth-barked apples) A. subser. Costatitae, E. ser. Costatitae Angophora costata subsp. euryphylla (Wollemi apple) NSW O C G(2)m A. euryphylla, E. euryphylla subsp. costata (smooth-barked apple, rusty gum) NSW,Qld O C G(2)m E. apocynifolia Angophora leiocarpa (smooth-barked apple) Qld,NSW O C G(1) A. -
Rangelands, Western Australia
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Biodiversity Summary: Rangelands, Western Australia
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Guide to Users Background What is the summary for and where does it come from? This summary has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. It highlights important elements of the biodiversity of the region in two ways: • Listing species which may be significant for management because they are found only in the region, mainly in the region, or they have a conservation status such as endangered or vulnerable. • Comparing the region to other parts of Australia in terms of the composition and distribution of its species, to suggest components of its biodiversity which may be nationally significant. The summary was produced using the Australian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. The list of families covered in ANHAT is shown in Appendix 1. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are are not not included included in the in the summary. • The data used for this summary come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. -
Biodiversity Summary: Wimmera, Victoria
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
Species List
Biodiversity Summary for NRM Regions Species List What is the summary for and where does it come from? This list has been produced by the Department of Sustainability, Environment, Water, Population and Communities (SEWPC) for the Natural Resource Management Spatial Information System. The list was produced using the AustralianAustralian Natural Natural Heritage Heritage Assessment Assessment Tool Tool (ANHAT), which analyses data from a range of plant and animal surveys and collections from across Australia to automatically generate a report for each NRM region. Data sources (Appendix 2) include national and state herbaria, museums, state governments, CSIRO, Birds Australia and a range of surveys conducted by or for DEWHA. For each family of plant and animal covered by ANHAT (Appendix 1), this document gives the number of species in the country and how many of them are found in the region. It also identifies species listed as Vulnerable, Critically Endangered, Endangered or Conservation Dependent under the EPBC Act. A biodiversity summary for this region is also available. For more information please see: www.environment.gov.au/heritage/anhat/index.html Limitations • ANHAT currently contains information on the distribution of over 30,000 Australian taxa. This includes all mammals, birds, reptiles, frogs and fish, 137 families of vascular plants (over 15,000 species) and a range of invertebrate groups. Groups notnot yet yet covered covered in inANHAT ANHAT are notnot included included in in the the list. list. • The data used come from authoritative sources, but they are not perfect. All species names have been confirmed as valid species names, but it is not possible to confirm all species locations. -
App03 Biota Scotia Reconnaisance Flora Survey.Pdf (PDF
Norseman Gold (Scotia) Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey Prepared for Pantoro South October 2020 Scotia – Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey © Biota Environmental Sciences Pty Ltd 2020 ABN 49 092 687 119 Level 1, 228 Carr Place Leederville Western Australia 6007 Ph: (08) 9328 1900 Fax: (08) 9328 6138 Project No.: 1536 Prepared by: A. Braxton-Smith C. Flaherty Document Quality Checking History Version: Rev A Peer review: R. Mason Director review: M. Maier Format review: R. Warner Approved for issue: M. Maier This document has been prepared to the requirements of the client identified on the cover page and no representation is made to any third party. It may be cited for the purposes of scientific research or other fair use, but it may not be reproduced or distributed to any third party by any physical or electronic means without the express permission of the client for whom it was prepared or Biota Environmental Sciences Pty Ltd. This report has been designed for double-sided printing. Hard copies supplied by Biota are printed on recycled paper. /Volumes/Cube/Current/1536 (Salt Lake Baseline Surveys)/Documents/1536 Salt Lake Baseline Survey Rev 0.docx 3 Scotia – Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey 4 /Volumes/Cube/Current/1536 (Salt Lake Baseline Surveys)/Documents/1536 Salt Lake Baseline Survey Rev 0.docx Scotia – Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey Scotia – Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey Contents 1.0 Summary 9 1.1 Project 9 1.2 Vegetation and Flora 9 2.0 Introduction 11 2.1 Project Purpose, Background -
Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey of the Racetrack, Royal Standard and Golden Funnel Projects- November 2019
Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey of the Racetrack, Royal Standard and Golden Funnel Projects - November 2019 Prepared for Norton Gold Fields Pty Ltd FINAL V2.0 December 2019 Prepared by: Native Vegetation Solutions PO Box 41 KALGOORLIE Ph: (08) 9021 5818 Mob: 0407 998 953 Email: [email protected] Native Vegetation Solutions Reconnaissance Flora and Vegetation Survey of the Racetrack, Royal Standard and Golden Funnel Projects- November 2019 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 OBJECTIVES .................................................................................................................. 3 1.2 GEOLOGY AND VEGETATION ........................................................................................... 3 1.3 CLIMATE ........................................................................................................................ 3 1.3.1 Temperature ......................................................................................................... 3 1.3.2 Rainfall .................................................................................................................. 4 2. ASSESSMENT METHODOLOGY ...................................................................................... 6 2.1 PERSONNEL AND REPORTING ......................................................................................... 6 2.2 PRELIMINARY DESKTOP STUDY ...................................................................................... -
Flora and Vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields Ranges: Part 5
Journal of the Royal Society of Western Australia, 84:129-142, 2001 Flora and vegetation of the Eastern Goldfields ranges: Part 5. Hunt Range, Yendilberin and Watt Hills N Gibson & M N Lyons Science Division, Department of Conservation and Land Management, Wildlife Research Center, PO Box 51 Wanneroo, WA 6065 email: [email protected]; [email protected] (Manuscript received May 2001; accepted August 2001) Abstract A study was undertaken of the flora and plant communities of the Watt and Yendilberin Hills and the Hunt Range on Jaurdi Station. The area has a complex geology which includes Archaean mafics, ultramafics and banded ironstones, and Tertiary laterites. A total flora of 287 taxa and one hybrid was recorded from the uplands, of which 273 were native and 15 were weeds. Fifty three quadrats were established along the range system and used to define seven community types, which were most highly correlated with soil chemistry and an inferred soil moisture gradient. None of the Bungalbin vegetation system is presently in any National Park or Nature Reserve, although the northern section of the Hunt Range has been recommended for inclusion into the Mt Manning Range Nature Reserve. Mining activity in the study area has the potential to severely impact on the restricted breakaway community type. Impacts of past wood harvesting for mining operations and for the water pipeline boilers are still evident decades after these operations ceased. Keywords: flora, vegetation, Goldfields, Hunt Range, Yendilberin Hills, Watt Hills Introduction of uplands of contrasting geologies which include mafic and ultramafic ridges (these formations are commonly Greenstone and banded ironstone ranges are common termed greenstones), banded ironstones and extensive landforms of the Eastern Goldfields and extend from the Tertiary laterites.