DOCSLIB.ORG

The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES in EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIAL RESEARCH 498

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES in EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY and SOCIAL RESEARCH 498 JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL RESEARCH 498 Riina Yrjölä The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL RESEARCH 498 Riina Yrjölä The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism Esitetään Jyväskylän yliopiston yhteiskuntatieteellisen tiedekunnan suostumuksella julkisesti tarkastettavaksi yliopiston vanhassa juhlasalissa S212 toukokuun 24. päivänä 2014 kello 12. Academic dissertation to be publicly discussed, by permission of the Faculty of Social Sciences of the University of Jyväskylä, in building Seminarium, auditorium S212 on May 24, 2014 at 12 o’clock noon. UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ JYVÄSKYLÄ 2014 The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism JYVÄSKYLÄ STUDIES IN EDUCATION, PSYCHOLOGY AND SOCIAL RESEARCH 498 Riina Yrjölä The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism UNIVERSITY OF JYVÄSKYLÄ JYVÄSKYLÄ 2014 Editors Jussi Kotkavirta Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, University of Jyväskylä Pekka Olsbo, Ville Korkiakangas Publishing Unit, University Library of Jyväskylä URN:ISBN:978-951-39-5691-2 ISBN 978-951-39-5691-2 (PDF) ISBN 978-951-39-5690-5 (nid.) ISSN 0075-4625 Copyright © 2014, by University of Jyväskylä Jyväskylä University Printing House, Jyväskylä 2014 ABSTRACT Yrjölä, Riina The Global Politics of Celebrity Humanitarianism Jyväskylä: University of Jyväskylä, 2014, 161 p. (Jyväskylä Studies in Education, Psychology and Social Research, ISSN 0075-4625; 498) ISBN 978-951-39-5690-5 (nid.) ISBN 978-951-39-5691-2 (PDF) This thesis is a critical examination of discourses surrounding Bob Geldof’s and Bono’s humanitarian action in Africa. Rather than examining whether or not this celebrity humanitarian activity is instrumental or detrimental to African development, the purpose of this study is to bring into fore how the contemporary celebrity humanitarian intelligibilities and imaginaries are premised upon a violent colonial impulses that limit, distribute and govern African space, bodies and history with overdetermining constitution of identity/difference. To inaugurate this critical methodological and theoretical framework that historicizes and politicizes celebrity humanitarianism discourses, I turn towards Michel Foucault’s and Frantz Fanon’s writings on violence/representation and freedom/thought. First, engaging with Foucault’s formulations of critique as a historical method of inquiry, outlined both in his archaeological and genealogical analysis, representations and discourses are identified as complex spatiotemporal technologies of normalization, intervention and governance. And second, by exploring Fanon’s conceptualization of colonialism as pure violence that operates through monopolized and universalized Western humanity, post/colonialism is addressed as intelligibility that conditions and effects overdetermined difference at the level of African subjectivity and reality. The work argues that Bono’s and Bob Geldof’s humanitarian agency and subjectivity is underpinned with particular reproduction of Westerner’s racial superiority - capacity and ability to master themselves and others. This negotia- tion of identity culminates in the cementation of celebrities and “Africa” into assumed spaces and subject positions in the world politics. In these humanitari- an imaginaries “Africa” emerges at the same time as a place of Hell where the humanitarian values that underpin the progressive and modern liberal societies are not applied, as well as Westerners’ naturalized Home, constituted with nos- talgic discourses of shared “pastness” and harmony. The work offers the first empirically grounded analysis to the celebrity humanitarian representations in Africa. Furthermore by revealing how celebrity humanitarian representations are underpinned with the violently overdeter- mining colonial intelligibility and imaginary, it presents sustained critique that calls to question the emancipatory potential of this activity. Keywords: celebrity, humanitarianism, Africa, colonialism, discourses Author’s address Riina Yrjölä Vuorimiehenkatu 7B 16 00140 Helsinki, Finland Supervisors Professor Liisa Laakso Faculty of Social Sciences P.O. Box 54 (Unioninkatu 37) 00140 University of Helsinki Docent Kia Lindroos Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy P.O. Box 35 (Ylistönmäentie 33) 40014 University of Jyväskyla Reviewers PhD, Programme Director Mika Aaltola The Finnish Institute of International Affairs P.O. Box 400 (Kruunuvuorenkatu 4) 00160 Helsinki, Finland Professor Emerita Ullamaija Kivikuru Swedish School of Social Science P.O. Box 16 (Snellmaninkatu 12) 00014 University of Helsinki Opponents PhD, Senior Lecturer Matt Davies Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Newcastle University Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU United Kingdom. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS First and foremost I wish to thank my supervisors, Professor Liisa Laakso and Docent Kia Lindroos for tirelessly supporting me throughout my research. I am indebted to you on your encouragement and faith in me. Thank you for your inspiration. Your criticism. Your professionalism and friendship. Without your unlimited dedication and patience, I would not be writing these words down today. Mika Aaltola and Ulla-Maija Kivikuru acted as pre-examiners for this dissertation. I am profoundly grateful to you for your incisive observations and valuable comments that enabled me to improve the quality and coherence of this dissertation. For Jemima Repo and Saara Särmä, I do not have enough words to describe my thankfulness. Throughout the years, you have read and commented my papers, chapters and one-liners countless times. Although I have been living in London and Hong Kong while writing this dissertation, you have always been there for me. Ready to listen to my sorrows. Encouraging me when I have wanted to give up. We have laughed, and cried. Shared our joys and pains. The best thing this dissertation brought to my life is your wonderful friendship. You two are great. Please do no ever change. Viva Viagra! Beyond Real! I am thankful for the Politics and the Arts research team in the Centre of Excellence in Political Thought and Conceptual Change: Matti Hyvärinen, Peggy Heller, Frank Möller, Kia Lindroos, Olivia Guaraldo, Tommi Kotonen Tuija Lattunen and Anitta Kananen. I also want to extend my warmest thanks to brilliant and inspiring colleagues: Julian Reid, Barry Richards, Darren Lilleker, Marjaana Jauhola, Tiina Seppälä, Juha Käpylä, Hanna Kuusela, Paul- Erik Korvela, Noora Kotilainen, Anni Kangas and Emilia Palonen, whose intellectual support, encouragement and inspiration has been truly special to me. For the financial support I wish to thank the generosity of the University of Jyväskylä, Helsingin Sanomat Foundation, The National Graduate School of Political Studies (POLITU) and the Academy of Finland Centre of Excellence in Political Thought and Conceptual Change. Without their support this thesis would not been possible. My sincere wish is that also the future PhD students engaged in critical research will be also supported as generously than I have been during my studies. Outside academia, Mari Salmela and Andreas Heimsch, Siru and Joakim Heino, Richard Efford, Chiara Levrini and Doriano Chiarparin, Jarkko Nik- kanen, Tuula and Ville Aer, Timo and Alla Turunen, Susanna Idman, John Barger and Tiina Rosenqvist, Iida and Hulda have nurtured me with their kindness. I am ever grateful for your unconditional friendship that has provid- ed me a shelter, comfort, wisdom and support. I am the luckiest person in this World to have you all in my life. Finally, I want to thank my wonderful husband, Jyrki Rauhio and my parents, Tuula and Erkki Yrjölä. Jyrki, you have always believed in me, no matter what. Thank you for your unfailing support, love and grounding trust. Words are not enough to express how I feel. And mom and dad - I could not have more wonderful parents than you two. Throughout my life you have been supportive on everything that I have wanted to do. You taught me to believe in myself, to dream big and live fully. Is there more one can ask in life? With great love and gratitude, this book is dedicated to my family and my 100 year-old grandmother, Sylvi Elisabeth Mäkinen. Thank you mamma of everything. I wish one day I could to be as wise, curious, tolerant, patient, loving and forgiving as you are. Hongkongissa, 20.4.2014 Riina Yrjölä CONTENTS ABSTRACT ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................ 9 1.1 Postcolonialism, Poststructuralism, Celebrity ...................................... 13 1.2 Critique as Method ................................................................................... 15 1.3 Foucault and Fanon: Conceptualizations and Analytics .................... 18 1.4 Outline of the Thesis ................................................................................ 21 2 ADDRESSING AND RESISTING THE PREVIOUS INSIGHTS ON CELEBRITY HUMANITARIANISM ............................................................... 26 2.1 Celebrities as Politicians, Diplomats and Humanitarians .................. 26 2.2 Rethinking Humanitarianism, Culture and Global Governance ....... 32 2.3 Interruptions: Encountering Celebrity Subjectivity and Agency Politically and Historically ...................................................................... 35 2.4 Conclusions ............................................................................................... 40 3 VIOLENCE AND FREEDOM IN MICHEL FOUCAULT’S
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Policy Makers Lament Women's Vulnerablity to HIV Infection, Yet For
    133 Informe de Oxfam 22 Octubre 2009 Tras 25 años de parches La lucha contra los desastres en Etiopía 25 años después de la hambruna Sarahaa Malmud Muhumed junto a un birkhad construido por Oxfam, una alberca protegida donde se recoge agua de lluvia para utilizarla durante la larga estación seca, Harshin, Región Somalí, Etiopía. Derechos: Oxfam/Maite Álvarez. En 1984 se llevó a cabo una operación humanitaria a gran escala como respuesta a la hambruna en Etiopía. Se salvaron miles de vidas. Veinticinco años más tarde, a medida que las sequías se hacen peligrosamente más habituales, tenemos que ir más allá de las tradicionales respuestas “parche”. Para los etíopes es más sostenible y dignificante identificar y atajar los riesgos de desastre, que quedarse esperando hasta que uno nuevo les golpee. Este enfoque supone, además, que los países del norte puedan cumplir con sus responsabilidades de una manera más eficiente. Sin embargo, la Gestión de Riesgos de Desastres sigue dándose en pequeña escala. Es necesario efectuar un cambio. Los etíopes, en primera línea ante el cambio climático, no pueden esperar otros 25 años para que se ponga en práctica el sentido común. www.intermonoxfam.org Prólogo Me llamo Birhan Woldu. En 2005 me di cuenta de que me había convertido en el rostro de la hambruna de Etiopía, aunque en 1984-5 era muy pequeña para saber o entender prácticamente nada acerca de aquel desastre. Un documental de la televisión canadiense me presentó como “el rostro de la esperanza para África”, alguien que había sobrevivido a la hambruna, y el presentador, Brian Stewart, se hizo amigo de mi familia.
    [Show full text]
  • Famine and Foreigners: Ethiopia Since Live Aid This Page Intentionally Left Blank Famine and Foreigners: Ethiopia Since Live Aid
    ‘Th ank God for great journalism. Th is book is a much needed, ex- haustively researched and eff ortlessly well written recent history of Ethiopia. A book that strips away the cant and rumour, the pros and antis and thoroughly explains the people, politics and economics of that most beautiful nation. A superb and vital piece of work by some- one who clearly loves the country of which he writes.’ Bob Geldof ‘Th e great Ethiopian famine changed everything and nothing. It fun- damentally altered the rich world’s sense of its responsibility to the hungry and the poor, but didn’t solve anything. A quarter of a century on, we’re still arguing about the roots of the problem, let alone the so- lution, and—though there has been progress—Ethiopia’s food inse- curity gets worse, not better. Peter Gill was one of the most thorough and eff ective television journalists of his generation. He was there in 1984 and his work at the time added up to the most sensible, balanced and comprehensive explanation of what had happened. Twenty-fi ve years later, he’s gone back to test decades of aspiration against the re- alities on the ground. It’s a book that bridges journalism and history, judicious analysis with a strong, and often gripping, narrative. Always readable, but never glib, this is a must for all those who think there is a simple answer to the famine, still waiting in the wings. ’ Michael Buerk ‘No outsider understands Ethiopia better than Peter Gill. He com- bines compassion with a clinical commitment to the truth.
    [Show full text]
  • Download PDF < Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid
    YU8CLB5B5HHS // eBook > Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid Filesize: 6.97 MB Reviews This publication will never be straightforward to get going on looking at but really fun to see. This can be for all those who statte that there had not been a worth looking at. You wont really feel monotony at at any moment of your own time (that's what catalogs are for about should you request me). (Cale Hansen Sr.) DISCLAIMER | DMCA QKFUNKV3TADU / PDF \ Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid FEED THE WORLD: BIRHAN WOLDU AND LIVE AID To save Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid PDF, please refer to the web link beneath and download the document or gain access to additional information which might be in conjuction with FEED THE WORLD: BIRHAN WOLDU AND LIVE AID ebook. IMM Lifestyle Books. Paperback. Book Condition: new. BRAND NEW, Feed the World: Birhan Woldu and Live Aid, Oliver Harvey, Bob Geldof, Birhan Woldu became one of the most recognized faces and forms of the late 20th century when her skeletal image was used at the end of 'Live Aid' to globally publicize famine in Africa. Although 'Live Aid', led by musicians such as Sir Bob Geldof and Bono, raised millions for famine relief, most people thought Birhan was dead until she was 'rediscovered' by a Canadian film crew who helped fund her schooling and helped change her life. Twenty years later Birhan once again became a symbol of hope for Africa when she appeared on stage at Live 8, beaming as Madonna hugged her in front of millions (see cover image).
    [Show full text]
  • ECGA 5450 Crises, Adjustment and Poverty Spring 2018 the Macroeconomics of Foreign Aid
    ECGA 5450 Crises, Adjustment and Poverty Spring 2018 The Macroeconomics of Foreign Aid Surges of foreign aid often follow the end of conflict or natural disasters (Haiti in 2009 and Sri Lanka after the 2004 Tsunami). Public health emergencies and natural disasters can lead to large aid inflows. Though well intended, foreign currency inflows sometimes reaching 20-30% GDP can lead to the same sort of macroeconomic adjustment problems created by private capital flows or terms of trade windfalls (the reverse of “sudden stops” or current account reversals). Though most Least Developed Countries do not have large manufacturing sectors, Dutch Disease style harm to the tradables sector caused by an appreciation of the real exchange rate or non-tradables inflation or displacement of domestic production by imports (a risk with food aid for example). Since the tradables sector in many countries includes agriculture, aid surges may hurt some of the same groups aid targets (small farmers for example). In extreme cases, aid can lead to a “boom famine” as documented by Sen (1973) in India during World War II (spending on war preparations drove up real wages and the price of food grains, leaving those not directly involved in the wage boom unable to purchase enough food). While in-kind food aid often drives down local food prices (raising real wages). Post-conflict aid inflows, for example, can reach a third of GDP or more (see Figures 4.15 and 4.16 from UNDP BCPR 2008 Chapter 4 reprinted below). At the 2005 Gleneagles G-8 Summit participants promised to double aid to Sub- Saharan African countries, from in some cases already high levels (for more on the politics of the Gleneagles aid surge, see the Why Poverty Documentary Give us the Money: Ethiopia, Bono and Bob Geldof (Live Aid and Live 8 where Birhan Woldu appeared in 2005).
    [Show full text]
  • The Iconography of Famine
    The Iconography of Famine David Campbell PUBLICATION Forthcoming in Picturing Atrocity: Reading Photographs in Crisis, edited by Geoffrey Batchen, Mick Gidley, Nancy K. Miller, Jay Prosser (London: Reaktion Books, 2011). Famine as political atrocity In the twentieth century more than 70 million people worldwide died from famine, making it the most famine-stricken period in history. Given that the capacity to abolish famine globally was achieved in the twentieth century, preventable mass death on this scale constitutes an atrocity. Framing the issue in this way radically revises conventional understandings of famine and poses a fundamental challenge to the way famines are photographed. There have been two shifts in how famine has been understood in recent times. As Stephen Devereux makes clear, while famine is by definition a food crisis, the nature of such crises is many and varied, such that simple interpretations of famine as a natural disaster have been superseded by more complex understandings that highlight political responsibility. With over 80% of famine deaths in the twentieth century located in China and the Soviet Union, and all those deaths occurring before 1965, the importance of political context is clearly paramount.1 Indeed, we can extend the focus on political responsibility and conclude that ‘nothing “causes” famine: people commit the crime of mass starvation.’2 The fact that famines are inescapably political is underpinned by the second important development in the twentieth century, whereby food crises are now located almost entirely in sub-Saharan Africa, where the intersection of political conflict and natural factors has been most acute. This means that states previously free of food crises have become prone to conflict-induced famines.
    [Show full text]
  • Masarykova Univerzita V Brně Filozofická Fakulta
    Masarykova univerzita v Brně Filozofická fakulta Ústav hudební vědy Management v kultuře Michael Kořínek Kontext Band Aid, USA for Africa a Live Aid ve vývoji moderní populární hudby a absence vnímání tohoto kontextu v československém prostředí Magisterská diplomová práce Vedoucí práce: PhDr. Aleš Opekar, CSc. 2014 Prohlášení: Prohlašuji, ţe jsem bakalářskou práci vypracoval samostatně s vyuţitím uvedených pramenů a literatury. …………………………………… II Poděkování: Panu PhDr. Aleši Opekarovi Csc. děkuji za všechny konzultace k této magisterské diplomové práci. Pánům doc. Ing. Vladimíru Hyánkovi, Ph.D. a Mgr. Bc. Jaroslavu Benákovi děkuji za konzultace a doporučení stran zdrojů a materiálů. Za odpověď a vyplnění emailového dotazníkového šetření děkuji: Heleně Burianové, Janě Jaruškové, Pavlu Stratilovi, Gabriele Štěpánkové a Jitce Václavkové III PŘEDMLUVA: ................................................................................................................................... 1 ÚVOD: ................................................................................................................................................. 1 HUMANITNÍ ODDÍL: ....................................................................................................................... 6 OSOBNOSTI CHARITATIVNÍCH NAHRÁVÁNÍ A KONCERTŮ: ......................................... 12 3.1 BOB GELDOF ............................................................................................................................. 12 3.2 BONO VOX ...............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Band Aid 20 Video
    Band aid 20 video click here to download Your browser does not currently recognize any of the video formats available. Click here to visit our frequently. Band Aid 30 - 'Do They Know It's Christmas' Buy the song. Watch the official video and buy the song. Facts about song: Band Aid 20 was the incarnation of the charity The Darkness, where is the original. More Band Aid 20 Music Videos. Band Aid KStewart - Sex 4 Breakfast - Music Video. KStewart Nadine. Vizionează filmul «BAND AID _ do they know it's Christmas» încărcat de Nicolae Marian pe Dailymotion. LK Xuân Này Con Không Về | Liên Khúc Nhạc Trữ Tình, Quê Hương - Thanh Ngân | Nhạc Vàng. by Fruitycycling. 24, Featured Pop Music Videos. Ariana Grande - Focus Focus Ariana Grande · Pia Mia - Do It Again featuring Chris Brown & Tyga Do It Again Pia Mia ft. Band Aid 20 was the incarnation of the charity group Band Aid. The group, which The video was first broadcast in the UK simultaneously over multiple. "Do They Know It's Christmas?" is a song written in by Bob Geldof and Midge Ure in reaction to television reports of the –85 famine in Ethiopia. It was first recorded in a single day on 25 November by Band Aid, 11 Band Aid 20 .. The Story of the Official Band Aid Video was released in the UK on Twenty years after the release of one of the biggest singles of all time, leading artists are set to re-record the Bob Geldof-inspired charity hit 'Do They Know It's.
    [Show full text]
  • East African Stories of Love: Challenging Cultural Perceptions
    East African Stories of Love: Challenging Cultural Perceptions Brendon Briggs BA (Hons) in Media Studies This dissertation is presented for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Murdoch University, December 2019 College of Arts, Business, Law & Social Sciences Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia I declare that this thesis is my own account of my research and contains as its main content work which has not previously been submitted for a degree at any tertiary education institution. In addition, I confirm that the fieldwork conducted for the purpose of this thesis was approved by the Human Ethics Committee at Murdoch University. Permit Number: 2014/016. Permit Title: Romancing Authenticity: East African Stories of Love. Brendon Briggs ii Abstract In recent decades a call for ‘outsiders’ to cease the dominant practice of perpetuating negative stereotypes of Africa and African people has continued to grow (Achebe 1977; Adichie 2009; Asante 1988; Diop 1974; Mudimbe 1988; Mwenda 2007; Wainaina 2008). The demand is in response to the homogenising of the fifty-four African nations and their complex sociocultural relationships into a sustained colonial perception of ‘Otherness’. This creative arts PhD attempts to answer that call by challenging non-African normative expectations of Africa and Africans. It employs processes of participatory autoethnography (Conquergood 1985) that integrate autobiographical and fictional storytelling to create four ‘stories of love’ with the diverse collaboration of eight East African participants in Tanzania and Zanzibar. The research is structured to achieve its creative praxis goals through the ‘observer and observed’ experience (Robson and McCartan 2016), utilising individual and collaborative ‘workshops’ with participants whose fictional characterisations were fully informed by their personal experiences with the subject of love – and most specifically those of ‘romantic love’ (Singer 2009; Solomon 2006).
    [Show full text]
  • 13142205 COVER.Indd
    Department of Anthropology Goldsmiths Anthropology Research Papers Works in Progress: Anthropology Postgraduate Symposium A Collected Volume Goldsmiths Anthropology Research Papers Eds: Alison Clark, Frances Pine and Massimiliano Mollona. The Department of Anthropology at Goldsmiths is one of the newest in Britain, having been formally created in 1985. We are proud of what we have achieved since then, and in particular of the way that people in the Department – students, staff and researchers – have sought to broaden the frontiers of the discipline and to engage critically and creatively with the traditions of anthropology in the contemporary world. We hope that the Goldsmiths Anthropology Research Papers will provide a platform to communicate some of the work that makes the Goldsmiths Department distinctive. It will include articles by members of academic staff, research fellows, PhD and other students. GARP Number 18. ©Goldsmiths College, University of London and Zahira Araguete, Cy Elliott-Smith, Sarah Howard, Claude Jousselin, Clate Korsant, and Charli Livingstone, 2013. All of the contributors are current Mphil students in the Department of Anthropology. The papers in this volume have been selected from those presented at the 2013 Goldsmiths Anthropology Postgraduate Symposium. ISBN 978-1-906897-25-3 Cover image courtesy of Ricardo Leizaola All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form or by any means without the permission of the publishers. First published in Great Britain 2013 by Goldsmiths College, University of London, New Cross, London SE14 6NW. Additional copies of this publication are available from the Department of Anthropology, Goldsmiths, University of London, New Cross, London SE14 6NW Editor’s Note The papers in this volume are all revised versions of papers given at ‘Works in Progress’, the annual Anthropology Department Postgraduate Symposium, held in the Ben Pimlott Lecture Theatre, Goldsmiths, University of London, 22 nd March 2013.
    [Show full text]
  • Ethiopian-Eritrean Studies: a Bibliography on Society and History, 2010-2015
    J. Abbink Ethiopian-Eritrean Studies: a Bibliography on Society and History, 2010-2015 Leiden: African Studies Centre 2016 i African Studies Centre Leiden University P.O. Box 9555 2300 RB Leiden The Netherlands Tel. 0031-71-527.3372 [email protected] www.ascleiden.nl ISBN: 978-90-5448-151-5 On the cover: Presbiteri Iohannis, Sive, Abissinorum Imperii Descriptio, map of Ethiopia by A. Ortelius, 1573- 75. First printed in: Aegidius Raedus (Gillis van den Rade), ed. (1575), Theatrum Orbis Terrarum, Antwerp: Gilles Coppens van Diest (Latin edition). ii Table of contents Introduction 1 Subject headings 1. Bibliographies 5 2. History and Development of Eritreo-Ethiopian Studies 5 3. Manuscripts, Documents, Sources, Library and Information Studies 11 4. Memoirs and Biographies of Ethiopians and Eritreans 18 5. Travellers, Foreigners, and Tourists 20 6. History 24 6.1 General 24 6.2 Palaeonthology, prehistory and ancient history 34 6.3 Medieval, to 1855 44 6.4 From 1855 to 1935 49 6.5 Italo-Ethiopian war and occupation, 1935-1941 54 6.6 British Eritrea, 1941-1952 58 6.7 The Empire, 1941-1974 59 6.8 The Dergue period, 1974-1991 60 6.9 The period after 1991 61 6.10 Ethiopian and Eritrean migrant communities abroad 63 7. Cultural Geography, Demography and Environmental Crises 71 8. Politics, Law and Revolution, until 1991 92 9. Political Developments and Political Thought after 1991 94 10. Law, Legal Development and Administration after 1991 103 11. International Relations 109 11.1 1896-1941 109 11.2 1941-1974 109 11.3 1974-1991 110 11.4 After 1991 111 12.
    [Show full text]
  • Band Aids and Beyond: Tackling Disasters in Ethiopia 25 Years After
    133 Oxfam Briefing Paper 22 October 2009 Band Aids and Beyond Tackling disasters in Ethiopia 25 years after the famine Sarahaa Malmud Muhumed next to an Oxfam-built birkhad, a protected pond for collecting rainwater to use during the long dry season, Harshin, Somali region. Credit: Oxfam/Maite Alvarez In 1984, a massive humanitarian operation was launched in response to famine in Ethiopia. Thousands of lives were saved. Twenty-five years on, as droughts become dangerously common, we have to look beyond the traditional ‘band-aid’ responses. For Ethiopians it is more sustainable and dignified to identify and tackle the risk of disaster rather than simply waiting for disaster to strike. This approach is also a more cost-effective way for Northern countries to meet their responsibilities. However, Disaster Risk Management remains small-scale. This has to change. Ethiopians on the frontline of climate change cannot wait another 25 years for common sense to become common practice. www.oxfam.org Foreword My name is Birhan Woldu. In 2005 I came to realise that I had become the face of the Ethiopian famine, although as a young child in 1984–5 I knew or understood little about this disaster. I was featured in a Canadian TV documentary as the ‘face of hope for Africa’ who survived the famine and that TV interviewer Brian Stewart became a friend of my family. Twenty years later, in 2005, I was on stage with Madonna and Bob Geldof for the Live8 concert in London. I have now graduated with a diploma in agriculture and a degree in nursing.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ Research towards a better future Neoliberalism, global citizenship and international volunteering Griffiths, Mark Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 05. Oct. 2021 Research towards a better future: neoliberalism, global citizenship and international volunteering Mark Griffiths Thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a PhD in Interdisciplinary Policy Studies King’s College London 2014 Abstract This thesis discusses the British government’s construction of global citizenship on its recently launched (2011) International Citizen Service (ICS) programme that sends volunteers abroad to work on international development projects.
    [Show full text]