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1941 (With Notation of Subsequent National Defense and Other Important Activities) SEVENTH ANNUAL REPORT FEDERAL COMMUNiCATIONS COMMISSION FISCAL YEAR ENDED JUNE 30, 1941 (With Notation of Subsequent National Defense and Other Important Activities) UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE, WASHINGTON I 1941 For Hale by the Superintcndet:lt of Documents, Washington, D. C. ~ • ~ •••• Price 10 cent. COMMISSIONERS MEMBERS OF THE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION [As of December 15, 1941] CHAInMAN JAMES LAWRENCE FLY PAUL A. 'WALKER GEOROE H-ENnY PAYNE NORMAN S. CASE 'RAY C. 'VAKEFIELD T. A. M. CRAVEN **CLIFFORD J. DURR 19~ij.OOk office :March 22, 1941; succeeded Thad H. Brown, whose term expired June ::10. "Took office November 1, 1941; succeeded Frederick I. 'I'hompson, whose term expired June 30, 1941. II LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL FEDERAL C01\-Il\IUNICATIO~S COMMISSION, WasMngton, D.O., Decembe>' 15, 1941. To the 00ngre88 of the United States: The Seventh Annual Report of the Federal Communications Com­ mission, submitted herewith, is brought up to date in major develop­ ments so that the Congress may bc more cnrrently informed about the Commission's national defense work and events in radio and wire regulation which have occurred since the fiscal year ended June 30 last. The war-time emergency and new considerations in the field of dec­ tricaI communications impose increasing and exaeting burdens on the Commission. The showing made has, in large measure, been possible by employee devotion to duty beyond that which might rensonably be expected, even in the face of unusual conditions. Respectful!y, JAMES LAWRENCE FLY, Ohairman. TJJ [ Page IV in the original document is intentionally blank ] TABLE OF CONTENTS INDEX Chapter Page I. NATIONAL DEFENSE _ 1 II. GENERAL________ _ _ 7 III. TELEPHONE AND TELEGUAPH _ 13 IV. STANDARD BIWADCAST _ 21 V. NONSTANDARD BROADCAST _ _ _• __ ~ ~ _ ~ _ 29' VI. SAFETY OF LIFE AND PROPERTY _ 39" VII. RADIO OPERATORS. _ 51 VIII. TECHNICAl, STUDIES 55 IX. STAT1STICS __ 61 v [ Page VI in the original document is intentionally blank J GENERAL INDEX Chapter Page I. NATIONAL DEFENSE _ 1 1. Commh:;sion's national defense activities_ 1 2. National Defense Operations Section ~ _ 2 3. Foreign Broadca."It, Monitoring Servicc _ 3 4. Defense Communications Board ._ _ _ 5 (a) Organization • _ 5 (b) Aetivities _ 6 II. GENERAL___ _ • ~ _ 7 1. Administration __ .. _ _ 7 2. Commission membership changes _ 7 3. Staff organization____________________ ._. _ 8 4. PcrsonneL____________ _.. __ 8 5. Appropriations__ ___ .. _ 8 6. Legislation _ 8 (n) Recommendations to Congress _ 8 (b) Reports to Congress _ 8 (c) Newlcgislation_______________ _ _ 9 7. Litigatioll____________________________ _ _ 10 (a) Record of court cases_________ __ 11 8. Docket:,:; _ 11 9. TntcrnationaL______ _ _ 11 (a) GeneraL______ _ _ 11 (b) Interdepartmental Commitiee on Cooperation With American Repnblies _ 12 lO. Interdepartment Ra,dio Advisory Committee _ 12 lIT. TEI,EPHONE AND TELEGRAPH____ _ _ 13 1. Telephone _ 13 (a) General regulation. _ _ _ 13 (b) Telephone rate section cstablished _ 13 (c) 1'elephone rate reductions________ __ 13 (d) Other rate cases _ 14 (€) Telephone faciJities ._ _ _ 15 Applications ._ 15 Supplementing facilities _ 15 Consolidations ._ 15 2. Telegraph___ _ . _ 15 (a) Applications_____ __ 15 (b) Governmentmessagerates_______ " _ 16 (c) Investi~ations _ 16 Trans-Pacific rates _ 16 Pick-up and delivery practice8 .~ _ 16 Cd) Prosecution ._ __ 16 3. Cable___ _ _ _ 16 (a) F.tfect of the war _ 16 (b) Developments_ 16 4. Radio common carriers _ 17 (a) Radiotelep;raph_ 17 (b) Radiotelephone . _ 18 5. Tariffs . 19 VlJ VIII GENERAL INDEX Chapter III. TKLEPHON'J'; AND TELEGRAPH-Colltillued. Page 6. Supervision of accounts _ 19 (a) Restatement of plant accounts on basis of origi· nat COHt___________ _ _ _ 19 (b) Depreciation _ 19 (c) Coopcration With Federal and State regulatory borlies _ 19 Cd) MiscelianeoIlH___________ -- _ 19 (e) Field Accounting Examinatinns _ 20 STANDARD BROADCAST_____ _ _ 21 1. GeneraL_ -------------------- 21 2. North American Re~ional Broadcasting Agreement- 21 3. Chain broadcasting rep;ulations .. _ 22 4. Newspaper-radio inquiry _ 25 .5. Multiple station operation _ 26 6. Directional antennas _ 26 7. Direct measurement _ 26 8. Standards of Good Engineerin,g Practice _ 27 9. Distribution of broadcast facilities _ 27 10. License Period Extended _ 27 11. Complaintf' and invf'sti,gations _ 27 (0) II No censorship" _ 27 (b) Radio facilities for candidates for public office __ 28 V. NONSTANDARD BROADCAST _ 29 1. General___ _ _ 29 2. High frequenc:\, (FM) broadcast service __ 30 (a) Authorizations . _ 30 (b) Changes in rules _ 30 3. Television hroaclcast service _ 32 (0) 1940 situatioIl____________ _ _ 32 (b) :\Tatiollal Television SYstem Committec _ 32 (c) 1941 hearill~ ~ ~ _ 33 (d) Rules and standardl'L ,. __ 33 (e) Dpvelopments - .. - 0 34 4. Jnternational broadcast service _ 34 S. Noncommercial educational broadcast service _ 35 6. Studio-tram;mitter ficrvicc__ ____ _ _ 36 7. Relay broadcast service _ 36 8. Facsimile broadcast service_______ _ _ 37 9. Developmental broadcast service _ 37 VI. SAFETY OF J,IFE AND PROPERTY ,. __ 39 I. Marine service_ _ _ 39 (0) Great Lakes ami inlanrl waters sllrvev _ 39 (b) Great LakeR radiotelephone service __ ~ _ 39 (r) ]\"'issis~inpi River rafliot,elephone service _ 40 (d) Radintclephom' in Glllf coast area • _ 40 (r) Coastal radiotelcgrnph .. _ 40 en Coastfl.l raniotelenhonf' _ 41 (I]) ConRtal-hnrhorstll,tions____ _ _ 41 (h) Rhip radiotelevrn,ph and radiotelephone _ 42 U) F.mf'rlWnCV marine communication _ 43 (1) Marine radio equipment _ 43 2. Aviation 'orvice_ _. _ 44 (n) Dompst,ic 3.viatiorL .___________ __ 44 (b) Airport traffic controL . _ 45 (c) NOl1scherJlllen nin'>.rll,ft_ _ _ 45 (d) Flvimr Ri'>hool st'l,tions. _ 46 (e) Jntcrnntional aviation f3ervicf' _ 46 3. Emerrrcncv R~rvicc _ 46 (n) Police_ _ _ 47 (b) Forestrv ,. _ 48 (r) Mnrinpfirest'l.tions._ .. _ 48 (rf) Rpecial emergency stations _ 48 4. F.xperimentalservices____ _ _ 49 5. Alaskan scrvices _ 50 6. Miscellaneous services_ ______ ___ " ._ 50 GENERAL INDEX IX Chapter Page VII. RADIO OPERA1'ORS___ __ 51 1. CommerciaL _ _. __ __ ___ 51 (a) Citizenship inquiries_____ 52 2. Amateur_____________________________________ 52 (a) Developments in amateur service_ ____ 53 VIII. TECHNICAL STUDIES________ 55 1. Interference from electromedical equipment_ ____ 55 2. Interference from low-power dcvices_____ 56 3. "College networks" and other wired radio_ _ 56 4. Measuring electrical noiso________ 56 5. High frequency blanketing______ 57 6. Ground wave propagation____________ 57 7. Ionospheric waves__ 58 8. Troposphericwaves____ 58 9. Variable frequency circuit theory______ 58 10. Electric and magnetic units_______________ 59 IX. STATISTICS________________ .____________________ 61 1. Broadcast financial data______________ 61 2. Broadcast statistics____ ___ 62 (a) !\umber of broadcast stations __ . 62 (b) Broadcast applications_ _________ 62 3. Other radio service statistics_____________ 63 4. Common carrierstatistics_____________ __ 64 (a) Annual and monthly reports____________ 64 (b) Statistical compilations_ ___ _________ 64 (c) Wire certificates_______ 64 5. Field activity statistics____ 64 6. Publications_ __ __.. __ _ ____ 65 (a) For sale by Superintendent of DocllmenhL ____ 66 CHAPTER I National Defense I. COMMISSION'S NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTIVITIES 2. NATIONAL DEFENSE OPERATIONS SECTION 3. FOREIGN BROADCAST MONITORING SERVICE 4. DEFENSE COMMUNICATIONS BOARD I. COMMISSION'S NATIONAL DEFENSE ACTIVITIES Solving the many comnlunicat-ions problems arising from the Na~ tion's defense effort is a primary concern of the Federal Cou1munica­ tions Commission. The rapid expansion of the Army and Navy, espe­ cially their air forces, the development of civilian defense plans and projects, the rise of new and perilous conditions on the high seas, the interruption of all direct cable service to the continent of Europe (the United Kingdom, Eire, and the Azores excepted), the need for ade­ quate presentation of United States broadcasts via short waves to other countries, especially in Latin America, the increase in telephone, tele­ graph, and radio communications traffic concurrent. with the defense program-these and a, variety of other developments during the past year have profoundly affected the day-to-day business of the Commis­ sion. No part of the Commission's work has been left unaffected by emergency requirements, and two new sections-the Natjona.! Defense Operations Section and the Foreign Broadcast Monitoring Service­ have been established to meet ('articular defense needs. Typical of the many CommIssion defense activities are the licensing of and granting addItional power to short-wave stations beamed on foreign countries; work with the Interdepartmental Committee on Cooperation with American Republics; the approval of 66 telegraph line-extension applications, 35 of which were for lines to military or naval establishments and one of which concerned a I,800-mile addi­ tion to the 30,OOO-mile weather-reporting system of the Civil Aero­ nautics Administration; special studies of our radiotelegraph links with other countries; rapid expansion of the channels available for aviation services, including special frequencies for aviation schools in connection with the Army's pilot-trainmg 'program; and a variety of technical studies and research projects dIrectly related to national defense needs. Details of these and other defense activities of the Com­ mission will be found throughout the various subdivisions of this report. 1 2 REPORT OF THE FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSIOK The defense progralll has 11lade necessary the expansion of plant .and equipment in a variety of communications fields; and the Commis­ sion has sought to expedite and facilitate such expansion in every ap­ propriate way. Shortages of strategic materials and skilled labor es­ sential to communications work have made it especially important to determine )vhich types of expansion are essential to present or antici­ pated defense reqmrements.
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