Breast Cysts and Aluminium-Based Antiperspirant Salts
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Breast Cysts
Beaumont Hospital Patient Information on Breast Cysts PRINTROOM PDF 23012017 SUP190B What are breast cysts? The breasts are made up of lobules (milk- producing glands) and ducts (tubes that carry milk to the nipple), surrounded by fatty and supportive tissue. Sometimes fluid-filled sacs develop in the breast tissue. These are breast cysts. It’s thought that they develop naturally as the breast ages and changes. Although you can develop breast cysts at any age, they are most common in women over 35 who haven’t yet reached menopause. They occur more frequently as women approach the menopause and usually resolve or are less frequent after it. However, they may persist or develop in women who take hormone replacement therapy (HRT) after menopause. Cysts can feel soft if they are near the surface of the skin, or like a hard lump if they’re deeper in the breast tissue. They can develop anywhere in the breast, but are more commonly found in the upper half. For some women cysts can feel uncomfortable or even painful. Before a period cysts may become larger, and feel sore and tender. It’s common to develop one or more cysts either in one breast or both breasts –and this is nothing to worry about. It is also common to have many cysts without knowing about them. How are they found? Cysts usually become noticeable as a lump in the breast, or are sometimes found by chance when you have a breast examination or routine mammography. When you have a breast examination your GP will sometimes be able to say whether the lump feels like a cyst. -
Antiperspirants and Breast Cancer Risk
cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 Antiperspirants and Breast Cancer Risk For some time, an email rumor suggested that underarm antiperspirants cause breast cancer1. Among its claims: ● Cancer-causing substances in antiperspirants are absorbed through razor nicks from underarm shaving. These substances are said to be deposited in the lymph nodes under the arm, which are not able to get rid of them by sweating because the antiperspirant keeps you from perspiring. This causes a high concentration of toxins, which leads to cells mutating into cancer. ● Most breast cancers develop in the upper outer quadrant of the breast because that area is closest to the lymph nodes exposed to antiperspirants. (Think of the breast as a circle divided by vertical and horizontal lines that cross at the nipple. Each of the 4 sectors you divide the breast into is called a quadrant. The upper outer quadrant of each breast is the part closest to the arm pit.) ● Men have a lower risk of breast cancer because they do not shave their underarms, and their underarm hair keeps chemicals in antiperspirants from being absorbed. All of these claims are largely untrue. Do antiperspirants increase a person's risk of breast cancer? There are no strong epidemiologic studies in the medical literature that link breast cancer risk and antiperspirant use, and very little scientific evidence to support this claim. In fact, a carefully designed epidemiologic study of this issue published in 2002 compared 813 women with breast cancer and 793 women without the disease. The researchers found no link between breast cancer risk and antiperspirant use, deodorant 1 ____________________________________________________________________________________American Cancer Society cancer.org | 1.800.227.2345 use, or underarm shaving. -
Approach to Breast Mass
APPROACH TO BREAST MASS Resident Author: Kathleen Doukas, MD, CCFP Faculty Advisor: Thea Weisdorf, MD, CCFP Creation Date: January 2010, Last updated: August 2013 Overview In primary care, breast lumps are a common complaint among women. In one study, 16% of women age 40-69y presented to their physician with a breast lesion over a 10-year period.1 Approximately 90% of these lesions will be benign, with fibroadenomas and cysts being the most common.2 Breast cancer must be ruled out, as one in ten woman who present with a new lump will have cancer.1 Diagnostic Considerations6 Benign: • Fibroadenoma: most common breast mass; a smooth, round, rubbery mobile mass, which is often found in young women; identifiable on US and mammogram • Breast cyst: mobile, often tender masses, which can fluctuate with the menstrual cycle; most common in premenopausal women; presence in a postmenopausal woman should raise suspicion for malignancy; ultrasound is the best method for differentiating between a cystic vs solid structure; a complex cyst is one with septations or solid components, and requires biopsy • Less common causes: Fat necrosis, intraductal papilloma, phyllodes tumor, breast abscess Premalignant: • Atypical Ductal Hyperplasia, Atypical Lobular Hyperplasia: Premalignant breast lesions with 4-6 times relative risk of developing subsequent breast cancer;8 often found incidentally on biopsy and require full excision • Carcinoma in Situ: o Ductal Carcinoma in Situ (DCIS): ~85% of in-situ breast cancers; defined as cancer confined to the duct that -
Tolvaptan in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Three Years’ Experience
Article Tolvaptan in Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease: Three Years’ Experience Eiji Higashihara,*† Vicente E. Torres,*‡ Arlene B. Chapman,§ Jared J. Grantham, Kyongtae Bae,¶ Terry J. Watnick,** †† † ‡‡ ‡‡ ‡‡ 2 Shigeo Horie, Kikuo Nutahara, John Ouyang, Holly B. Krasa, Frank S. Czerwiec, for the TEMPO4 and 156-05-002 Study Investigators Summary †Kyorin University Background and objectives Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), a frequent cause of School of Medicine, end-stage renal disease, has no cure. V2-specific vasopressin receptor antagonists delay disease progression Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan; ‡ in animal models. Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; §Emory Design, setting, participants, and measurements This is a prospectively designed analysis of annual total kid- University School of ney volume (TKV) and thrice annual estimated GFR (eGFR) measurements, from two 3-year studies of Medicine, Atlanta, ʈ tolvaptan in 63 ADPKD subjects randomly matched 1:2 to historical controls by gender, hypertension, age, Georgia; Kansas and baseline TKV or eGFR. Prespecified end points were group differences in log-TKV (primary) and eGFR University Medical Center, Kansas City, (secondary) slopes for month 36 completers, using linear mixed model (LMM) analysis. Sensitivity analyses Kansas; ¶University of of primary and secondary end points included LMM using all subject data and mixed model repeated mea- Pittsburgh School of sures (MMRM) of change from baseline at each year. Pearson correlation tested the association between Medicine, Pittsburgh, log-TKV and eGFR changes. Pennsylvania; **Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland; Results Fifty-one subjects (81%) completed 3 years of tolvaptan therapy; all experienced adverse events ††Teikyo University (AEs), with AEs accounting for six of 12 withdrawals. -
Antiperspirants and Deodorants Regulation 1 Final Regulation Order REGULATION for REDUCING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS F
Final Regulation Order REGULATION FOR REDUCING VOLATILE ORGANIC COMPOUND EMISSIONS FROM ANTIPERSPIRANTS AND DEODORANTS SUBCHAPTER 8.5. CONSUMER PRODUCTS Article 1. Antiperspirants and Deodorants 94500. Applicability. Except as provided in Section 94503, this article shall apply to any person who sells, supplies, offers for sale, or manufactures antiperspirants or deodorants for use in the state of California. NOTE: Authority cited: Sections 39600, 39601, and 41712, Health and Safety Code. Reference: Sections 39002, 39600, 40000, and 41712, Health and Safety Code. Amend title 17, California Code of Regulations, section 94501 as follows: 94501. Definitions. For the purpose of this article, the following definitions apply: (a) “Aerosol Product” means a pressurized spray system that dispenses antiperspirant or deodorant ingredients. (b) “Antiperspirant” means any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that is intended by the manufacturer to be used to reduce perspiration in the human axilla by at least 20 percent in at least 50 percent of a target population. (c) “Colorant” means any substance or mixture of substances, the primary purpose of which is to color or modify the color of something else. (d) “Deodorant” means: 1) for products manufactured before January 1, 2006: any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that is intended by the manufacturer to be used to minimize odor in the human axilla by retarding the growth of bacteria which cause the decomposition of perspiration. 2) for products manufactured on or after January 1, 2006: any product including, but not limited to, aerosols, roll-ons, sticks, Antiperspirants and 1 Deodorants Regulation pumps, pads, creams, and squeeze-bottles, that indicates or depicts on the container or packaging, or on any sticker or label affixed thereto, that the product can be used on or applied to the human axilla to provide a scent and/or minimize odor. -
Classification of Medicinal Drugs and Driving: Co-Ordination and Synthesis Report
Project No. TREN-05-FP6TR-S07.61320-518404-DRUID DRUID Driving under the Influence of Drugs, Alcohol and Medicines Integrated Project 1.6. Sustainable Development, Global Change and Ecosystem 1.6.2: Sustainable Surface Transport 6th Framework Programme Deliverable 4.4.1 Classification of medicinal drugs and driving: Co-ordination and synthesis report. Due date of deliverable: 21.07.2011 Actual submission date: 21.07.2011 Revision date: 21.07.2011 Start date of project: 15.10.2006 Duration: 48 months Organisation name of lead contractor for this deliverable: UVA Revision 0.0 Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme (2002-2006) Dissemination Level PU Public PP Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission x Services) RE Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services) CO Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services) DRUID 6th Framework Programme Deliverable D.4.4.1 Classification of medicinal drugs and driving: Co-ordination and synthesis report. Page 1 of 243 Classification of medicinal drugs and driving: Co-ordination and synthesis report. Authors Trinidad Gómez-Talegón, Inmaculada Fierro, M. Carmen Del Río, F. Javier Álvarez (UVa, University of Valladolid, Spain) Partners - Silvia Ravera, Susana Monteiro, Han de Gier (RUGPha, University of Groningen, the Netherlands) - Gertrude Van der Linden, Sara-Ann Legrand, Kristof Pil, Alain Verstraete (UGent, Ghent University, Belgium) - Michel Mallaret, Charles Mercier-Guyon, Isabelle Mercier-Guyon (UGren, University of Grenoble, Centre Regional de Pharmacovigilance, France) - Katerina Touliou (CERT-HIT, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, Greece) - Michael Hei βing (BASt, Bundesanstalt für Straßenwesen, Germany). -
Survey and Risk Assessment of Chemical Substances in Deodorants
Survey and risk assessment of chemical substances in deodorants Suresh C. Rastogi & Gitte Hellerup Jensen National Environmental Research Institute Jeanne Duus Johansen National Allergy Research Centre Survey of Chemical Substances in Consumer Products, No. 86 2007 The Danish Environmental Protection Agency will, when opportunity offers, publish reports and contributions relating to environmental research and development projects financed via the Danish EPA. Please note that publication does not signify that the contents of the reports necessarily reflect the views of the Danish EPA. The reports are, however, published because the Danish EPA finds that the studies represent a valuable contribution to the debate on environmental policy in Denmark. Contents SAMMENFATNING 5 SUMMARY 7 1 INTRODUCTION 11 2 MARKET SURVEY AND PRODUCT SAMPLING 13 2.1 MARKET SURVEY 13 2.2 LEGISLATION 15 2.3 SAMPLING OF PRODUCTS AND CONTROL OF LABELLING 15 2.4 SELECTION OF PRODUCTS FOR ANALYSIS 18 3 ANALYSIS 19 3.1 MATERIALS 19 3.2 ANALYSIS 19 3.2.1 Sample preparation 19 3.2.2 Analysis of fragrance substances 19 3.2.3 Analysis of triclosan 20 4 RESULTS 21 5 RISK ASSESSMENT 27 5.1 DEODORANTS AND CONTACT ALLERGY 27 5.2 RISK ASSESSMENT – IN GENERAL 27 5.3 THE SELECTED FRAGRANCE SUBSTANCES 28 5.3.1 HYDOXYISOHEXYL 3-CYCLOHEXENE CARBOXALDEHYDE (HICC) 28 5.3.2 HYDROXYCITRONELLAL 32 5.3.3 ISOEUGENOL 33 5.3.4 CINNAMAL/CINNAMYL ALCOHOL 34 5.4 FARNESOL 35 5.5 COMMENTS CONCERNING OTHER FRAGRANCE SUBSTANCES 35 5.6 ALLERGEN LOAD OF FRAGRANCE SUBSTANCES 36 5.7 TRICLOSAN 36 6 DISCUSSION 38 7 REFERENCES 43 ANNEX 1 49 3 4 Sammenfatning Deodoranter anvendes dagligt af store dele af befolkningen og kan indeholde ingredienser, som visse duftstoffer og konserveringsmidler, der er hyppige år- sager til hudallergi. -
Petition of the Procter & Gamble Company for Approval of Proposed Divestiture
PUBLIC RECORD VERSION UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BEFÖRE FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION COMMISSIONERS: Deborah Platt Majoras, Chairman Pamela Jones Harbour Jon Leibowitz Wiliam E. Kovacic J. Thomas Rosch ) In the Matter of ) ) THEa corporation;PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY, ) ) ) Docket No. C-4151 and ) File No. 051-0115 ) THE GILLETTE COMPANY, ) a corporation., ) ) ) PETITION OF THE PROCTER & GAMBLE COMPANY FOR APPROVAL OF PROPOSED DIVESTITURE Pursuant to Section 2.41(f) of the Federal Trade Commission ("Commission" or "FTC") Rules of Practice and Procedure, 16 CF.R. § 2.41(f) (2005), and Paragraph II.A. of the final Decision and Order approved by the Commission in the above-captioned matter, The Procter & Gamble Company ("P&G") hereby fies this Petition for Approval of Proposed Divestitue ("Petition") requesting the Commission's approval of the divestitue of the APDO business, including Right Guard, Soft & Dri, Dry Idea, Natrel Plus, and Balance ("the APDO Assets") of The Gilette Company ("Gilette"), to The Dial Corporation ("Dial"), a subsidiar of Henkel KGaA ("Henkel"). .~ PUBLIC RECORD VERSION I. INTRODUCTION On September 23,2005, P&G and the Commission entered into an Agreement Containing Consent Orders, including an initial Decision and Order and an Order to Maintain Assets. On October 1,2005, pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Merger between P&G and Gilette dated Januar 27, 2005, P&G completed its acquisition of Gilette. After a period of public comment, on December 15, 2005, the Commission issued its final Decision and Order , ("Order") (with minor changes) and Order to Maintain Assets (without changes) (collectively, the "Consent Agreement"). At the same time it reissued its Complaint (also without changes). -
(12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0127257 A1 Schiemann Et Al
US 2014O127257A1 (19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2014/0127257 A1 Schiemann et al. (43) Pub. Date: May 8, 2014 (54) DERMATOLOGICALLY EFFECTIVE YEAST Publication Classification EXTRACT (51) Int. Cl. (75) Inventors: Yvonne Schiemann, Essen (DE); Mike A61E36/064 (2006.01) Farwick, Essen (DE); Thomas Haas, CI2P I/02 (2006.01) Muenster (DE); Mirja Wessel, Bochum A61E36/06 (2006.01) (DE) (52) U.S. Cl. CPC ............... A61K 36/064 (2013.01); A61K 36/06 (73) Assignee: EVONIK DEGUSSA GMBH, Essen (2013.01); CI2P I/02 (2013.01) (DE) USPC ...................................... 424/195.16; 435/171 (21) Appl. No.: 14/128,244 (22) PCT Fled: Jun. 14, 2012 (57) ABSTRACT (86) PCT NO.: PCT/EP2012/061263 The invention relates to a method for producing a dermato S371 (c)(1), logically active yeast extract, comprising the following steps: (2), (4) Date: Dec. 20, 2013 providing a preculture of the yeast cells, culturing the cells for (30) Foreign Application Priority Data at least fifteen minutes at a pH of 1.8-4, harvesting the cells and lysing the cells, and a yeast extract produced thereby and Jun. 29, 2011 (EP) .................................. 11171953.0 products comprising said yeast extract. Patent Application Publication May 8, 2014 Sheet 1 of 3 US 2014/O127257 A1 -0-Yarrowia------------ lipolytica -- Pichia CBS 1991 - A - Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Fig. 1 US 2014/O127257 A1 May 8, 2014 DERMATOLOGICALLY EFFECTIVE YEAST skin. Against the background of consumers’ uncertainty with EXTRACT respect to genetic engineering techniques, there is a particular demand for corresponding agents that can be regarded, 0001. -
Index to the NLM Classification 2011
National Library of Medicine Classification 2011 Index Disease see Tyrosinemias 1-8 5,12-diHETE see Leukotriene B4 1,2-Benzopyrones see Coumarins 5,12-HETE see Leukotriene B4 1,2-Dibromoethane see Ethylene Dibromide 5-HT see Serotonin 1,8-Dihydroxy-9-anthrone see Anthralin 5-HT Antagonists see Serotonin Antagonists 1-Oxacephalosporin see Moxalactam 5-Hydroxytryptamine see Serotonin 1-Propanol 5-Hydroxytryptamine Antagonists see Serotonin Organic chemistry QD 305.A4 Antagonists Pharmacology QV 82 6-Mercaptopurine QV 269 1-Sar-8-Ala Angiotensin II see Saralasin 7S RNA see RNA, Small Nuclear 1-Sarcosine-8-Alanine Angiotensin II see Saralasin 8-Hydroxyquinoline see Oxyquinoline 13-cis-Retinoic Acid see Isotretinoin 8-Methoxypsoralen see Methoxsalen 15th Century History see History, 15th Century 8-Quinolinol see Oxyquinoline 16th Century History see History, 16th Century 17 beta-Estradiol see Estradiol 17-Ketosteroids WK 755 A 17-Oxosteroids see 17-Ketosteroids A Fibers see Nerve Fibers, Myelinated 17th Century History see History, 17th Century Aardvarks see Xenarthra 18th Century History see History, 18th Century Abate see Temefos 19th Century History see History, 19th Century Abattoirs WA 707 2',3'-Cyclic-Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases QU 136 Abbreviations 2,4-D see 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid Chemistry QD 7 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid General P 365-365.5 Organic chemistry QD 341.A2 Library symbols (U.S.) Z 881 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Polymerase see Medical W 13 2',5'-Oligoadenylate Synthetase By specialties (Form number 13 in any NLM -
Research Article Application Value of Mathematical Models of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Breast Cancer Lesions
Hindawi Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine Volume 2021, Article ID 1481271, 8 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2021/1481271 Research Article Application Value of Mathematical Models of Diffusion-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Differentiating Breast Cancer Lesions Xiaolong Jiang, Chao Chen, Jie Liu, and Sheng Liu e Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, Department of Radiology, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan 421001, China Correspondence should be addressed to Sheng Liu; [email protected] Received 7 July 2021; Accepted 17 August 2021; Published 30 August 2021 Academic Editor: Songwen Tan Copyright © 2021 Xiaolong Jiang et al. ,is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Objective. To determine the application value of the mono-exponential model, dual-exponential model, and stretched-exponential model of MRI with diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in breast cancer (BC) lesions. Methods. Totally 64 cases with BC admitted to our hospital between June 2019 and October 2020 were enrolled in this study. ,ey had 71 lesions in total, including 40 benign tumor lesions (including 9 breast cyst lesions) and 31 malignant tumor lesions. After DWI examination, with normal glands as control, mono-exponential model (ADC) map, dual-exponential model (Standard-ADC) map, slow apparent diffusion coefficient (Slow- ADC) map, fast-apparent diffusion coefficient (Fast-ADC) map, and stretched-exponential model (DDC) map were processed, and corresponding values were generated. ,en, the situation and significance of each parameter in breast cysts, benign breast tumor lesions, and malignant tumor lesions were analyzed. -
UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT for the SOUTHERN DISTRICT of OHIO RODNEY COLLEY (On Behalf of Himself and All Others Similarly Situ
Case: 2:16-cv-00225-MHW-KAJ Doc #: 1 Filed: 03/11/16 Page: 1 of 27 PAGEID #: 1 UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE SOUTHERN DISTRICT OF OHIO RODNEY COLLEY (on behalf of himself ) CASE NO. and all others similarly situated) ) 3303 Wooden Valley Ct. ) JUDGE: Alexandria, Virginia 22310 ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) v. ) ) CLASS ACTION COMPLAINT PROCTER & GAMBLE CO. ) D/B/A/ OLD SPICE ) (Jury Demand Endorsed Hereon) c/o CT CORPORATION SYSTEM ) 1300 East Ninth Street ) Cleveland, Ohio 44114 ) ) and ) ) JOHN DOES 1-10 ) ) Defendants. ) ) Now comes Rodney Colley (“Plaintiff”), by and through undersigned counsel, for himself individually and as class representative for a class of similarly situated individuals, and alleges upon personal knowledge and information and belief, the following: Case: 2:16-cv-00225-MHW-KAJ Doc #: 1 Filed: 03/11/16 Page: 2 of 27 PAGEID #: 2 INTRODUCTION 1. This is a consumer protection claim, which is ideal for class certification.1Plaintiff on behalf of himself and as class representative for a class of similarly situated individuals defined below, brings suit to seek redress for violations of Ohio’s Product Liability Act, Ohio’s Consumer Sales Practices Act, breach of implied warranty of merchantability and unjust enrichment. Plaintiff and all Class members have been and continue to be injured by Procter & Gamble, Co.’s, d/b/a Old Spice’s (hereinafter “P&G” or “Old Spice”), pattern and practice of placing into the stream of commerce dangerous products. Namely Old Spice deodorant, which regularly and routinely causes rashes, irritation, burning and other injury to unsuspecting customers (“the Product”).