Historic Context Statement and Survey Report City Of
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HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT AND SURVEY REPORT CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE, CALIFORNIA PREPARED BY PAGE & TURNBULL imagining change in historic environments through design, research and technology 417 South Hill Street, Suite 211 Los Angeles, California 90013 AND REVISED BY THE CITY OF ARROYO GRANDE HISTORICAL RESOURCES COMMITTEE FEBRUARY 12, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... 1 PURPOSE ..................................................................................... 1 DEFINITION OF GEOGRAPHICAL AREA .......................................... 1 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................... 2 LIMITED INTENSIVE-LEVEL ARCHITECTURAL SURVEY ................................... 3 HOW TO USE THIS DOCUMENT .................................................... 3 II. EXISTING SURVEYS, STUDIES, AND REPORTS .............................. 4 PREVIOUS SURVEYS FOR HISTORIC SIGNIFICANCE ......................... 4 III. GUIDELINES FOR EVALUATION .................................................. 8 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT THEMES ............................................ 8 DEFINITION OF PROPERTY TYPES ................................................. 8 RESIDENTIAL PROPERTIES ............................................................................ 8 COMMERCIAL PROPERTIES .......................................................................... 9 CIVIC AND INSTITUTIONAL PROPERTIES ...................................................... 9 AGRICULTURAL PROPERTIES ...................................................................... 10 EVALUATION CRITERIA ...............................................................10 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES ................................................ 10 CALIFORNIA REGISTER OF HISTORICAL RESOURCES ................................... 11 ARROYO GRANDE LOCAL DESIGNATION PROCESS ..................................... 13 INTEGRITY ................................................................................................ 18 IV. HISTORIC CONTEXT ............................................................... 20 PRE-HISTORY AND NATIVE PEOPLES (PRE-1772) .........................20 CHUMASH INDIANS ................................................................................... 20 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................. 20 November 3, 2011 Page & Turnbull SPANISH AND MEXICAN PERIOD (1773-1861) .............................20 SPANISH MISSIONS .................................................................................... 20 MEXICAN LAND GRANTS ........................................................................... 21 GOLD RUSH AND EARLY AMERICAN SETTLEMENT ...................................... 23 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................. 24 VILLAGE OF ARROYO GRANDE (1862-1910) ...............................24 AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY ................................................................... 25 INFRASTRUCTURE AND TRANSPORTATION ................................................ 28 COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT AND BRANCH STREET .................................. 31 RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT ..................................................................... 33 INSTITUTIONS ........................................................................................... 34 ETHNIC AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY ........................................................... 35 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................. 37 INCORPORATION OF ARROYO GRANDE (1911-1940) ..................44 AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY ................................................................... 44 TRANSPORTATION AND INFRASTRUCTURE ................................................ 46 COMMERCIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL EXPANSION ......................................... 47 RESIDENTIAL GROWTH .............................................................................. 48 ETHNIC AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY ........................................................... 48 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................. 49 WORLD WAR II AND POST-WAR ERA (1941-1965) ......................54 AGRICULTURE AND INDUSTRY ................................................................... 54 CAR CULTURE AND COMMERCIAL DEVELOPMENT ...................................... 55 RESIDENTIAL AND COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT ......................................... 57 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................. 57 ETHNIC AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY ........................................................... 58 ASSOCIATED PROPERTY TYPES .................................................................. 59 November 3, 2011 Page & Turnbull MODERN ARROYO GRANDE (1966-PRESENT) ..............................64 SUBDIVISIONS AND ANNEXATIONS ............................................................ 64 COMMERICAL DEVELOPMENT .................................................................... 65 INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT ................................................................. 66 PARKS AND RECREATION .......................................................................... 67 ETHNIC AND CULTURAL DIVERSITY ........................................................... 67 V. SURVEY REPORT AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................. 69 RECONNAISSANCE-LEVEL SURVEY ............................................................. 70 INTENSIVE-LEVEL SURVEY ......................................................................... 70 VI. CONCLUSION ......................................................................... 75 BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................ 76 PUBLISHED WORKS .....................................................................76 PUBLIC RECORDS .......................................................................77 NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS .................................................77 UNPUBLISHED WORKS ................................................................78 INTERNET SOURCES ...................................................................78 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCE STATUS CODES .................... 1 CALIFORNIA OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION, 2003 .............. 1 CALIFORNIA OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION ........................ 3 DEPARTMENT OF PARKS & RECREATION ...................................... 3 SERIES 523 FORMS ...................................................................... 3 APPENDIX 3 ................................................................................ 5 CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT ................................................. 5 REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................... 5 CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS ......................... 7 November 3, 2011 Page & Turnbull APPENDICES Appendix 1 CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL RESOURCE STATUS CODES CALIFORNIA OFFICE OF HISTORIC PRESERVATION, 2003 Appendix 2 CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF PARKS & RECREATION SERIES 523 FORMS Appendix 3 CERTIFIED LOCAL GOVERNMENT REQUIREMENTS November 3, 2011 Page & Turnbull I. INTRODUCTION Purpose This Historic Context Statement and Survey Report was undertaken at the direction of the City of Arroyo Grande (Arroyo Grande) Community Development Department staff to provide a framework for the documentation and evaluation of historical resources in Arroyo Grande, California. Arroyo Grande has a historic designation process in place, but lacked an adopted city- wide historic context statement to serve as a basis of systematic evaluation of the City’s historic resources. This work will inform future preservation planning efforts in the City and will be used to develop an inventory of historic resources. The project included preparation of a city-wide Historic Context Statement completed in conjunction with a limited intensive-level architectural survey of 25 properties in the Village Commercial Core along Branch Street. This document presents the history of the City of Arroyo Grande from pre- history to the present, and details the findings of the limited intensive-level architectural survey. The document identifies important periods, events, themes, and patterns of development, and provides a foundation on which to base the assessment and evaluation of the area’s historic properties. The survey provides qualified professional judgments1 regarding National Register of Historic Places (National Register), California Register of Historical Resources (California Register) and local landmark eligibility. This project is an important first step in developing a comprehensive historic preservation program in Arroyo Grande and offers the opportunity to educate the public and property owners about the City’s rich and unique history. Definition of Geographical Area The Historic Context Statement addresses the community of Arroyo Grande, located in the southwestern portion of San Luis Obispo County. In 2009, the recorded population of Arroyo Grande was 17,238 persons. The Arroyo Grande survey area is approximately 5.25 square miles in area and includes all of the City’s incorporated lands. The irregularly-shaped survey area is roughly bounded by Oak Park Boulevard to the northwest, the Pike and agricultural lands to the south, and Printz Road to the northeast. U.S. Highway 101 traverses