DOCSLIB.ORG

Boosting GPU Virtualization Performance with Hybrid Shadow Page Tables

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Boosting GPU Virtualization Performance with Hybrid Shadow Page Tables Boosting GPU Virtualization Performance with Hybrid Shadow Page Tables Yaozu Dong MochiXue Xiao Zheng Shanghai Jiao Tong University Jiajun Wang Intel Corporation Zhengwei Qi Haibing Guan GPU Usage • Gaming (2D/3D graphic) • HD video hardware decoding • High performance computing High Performance Computing shifts computation-intensive workloads to cloud environment. Molecular Machine Media dynamics learning transcoding simulations A new computing paradigm: GPU Cloud gHyvi An optimized GPU virtualization scheme based on gVirt. GMedia: A media Relaxed Shadow Page Adaptive Hybrid Page transcoding benchmark Table Table Shadowing Policies Up to 13x performance of gVirt and 85% of native. GPU benchmarks 2D/3D graphic GPGPU For OpenGL and DirectX commands For CUDA and OpenCL commands Such as 3DMark, PassMark Such as Rodinia [ATC 2013], Parboil GMedia A hardware media transcoding benchmark based on Intel’s MSDK(Media Software Development Kit). MSDK provides APIs for hardware acceleration. A wrapper invokes media functions form MSDK. Test cases can run with assigned threads and settings. The FPS results reflect the performance. Massive update issue 1000 900 800 700 600 500 Native 452 400 gVirt 300 200 100 33 0 1, 10, 20, 24, 25, 30, NATIVE GVIRT 480p 480p 480p 480p 480p 480p 93% performance degrade. 500 450 250 400 350 200 300 150 250 Native Native 200 gVirt 100 gVirt 150 100 50 50 0 0 1, 720p 5, 720p 10, 15, 20, 1, 4, 5, 6, 7, 10, 720p 720p 720p 1080p 1080p 1080p 1080p 1080p 1080p Shadow page table Page Directory Table Page Table PDE PTE Guest System Host memory PDE PTE Shadow Page Shadow Page Directory Table Table • 512 * 1024 * 4KB = 2GB • Resource partition • User space isolation Strict shadow page table Trap-and-emulation Write protect Page fault Update shadow the page table happens page table Page table gVirt Shadow page table Case profiling Proportion changes 21.43% →79.45% Breakdown of EPT_VIOLATION Take “15thread-720p” as an example: • 62% of all VM_exit is due to EPT_VIOLATION • 83% of EPT_VIOLATION is caused by PTE access 62% 83% EPT_VIOLATION PTE_ACCESS Frequency The frequency of update in 10s. Up to 7.5k times Hot page tables Hot page tables Continuous updates Same table Conclusion of massive update issue VM is frequently swapping graphic memory pages. It modifies the entries of page table massively. Large amount of updates(7.5k in 10s) Updates focus on certain pages (hot pages) Updates are continuous (on the same page) Modificationslead to busy trap-and-emulations. Eventually, overhead happens. (Up to 95%) gHyvi architecture Host VM Guest VM Native GFX Driver gVirt Native GFX Page Table Driver Page Table Strict SPT gHyvi VMM Relaxed SPT GPU Hyper call Pass Through Trap GPU programming model CPU tail head GPU The commands fed by CPU won’t take effect until they are fetched by the GPU. Relaxed shadow page table Remove write protection Page table gHyvi Shadow page table Relaxed shadow page table Page table gHyvi Shadow page table Relaxed shadow page table Page table Reconstruct gHyvi Shadow page table Page table reconstruction Step1: Take a snapshot of guest page table Page table Guest Host Strict shadow page table Snapshot Page table reconstruction Step2: Massive update Page table Guest Host Strict shadow page table Snapshot Page table reconstruction Step3: Compare with snapshot Page table Guest Host Relaxed shadow page table Snapshot Page table reconstruction Step 4: Reconstruct the different part Page table Guest Host Relaxed shadow page table Snapshot Hybrid page table shadowing Dynamic Full relaxed Segmented partial relaxed Dynamic Static partial partial relaxed relaxed 4 Policies for Performance Tuning Static partial relaxed Select 50, 100, 200, 300 hot pages Switch them into relaxed mode Dynamic partial relaxed • All the pages are in strict mode at first • Switch to relaxed mode once it’s touched … Dynamic segmented partial relaxed • All the pages are in strict mode at first • Switch to relaxed mode once it’s touched • Reset the relaxed pages after reconstruction … Evaluation 4 policies of page table shadowing • Full reconstruction • Static partial reconstruction • Dynamic partial reconstruction • Dynamic segmented partial reconstruction Linux 2D/3D performance Windows 2D/3D performance Configuration Hardware CPU 4th Intel Haswell i5 (2.4Ghz) RAM 8GB HDD Seagate 500GB GPU Intel Processor Graphics With 2GB global graphics memory Software Linux VM 64bit Ubuntu 12.04 Windows VM 64bit Windows 7 Xen 4.3 4 VCPUS VM configuration and 2GB system memory Evaluation: full relaxed 900 800 700 The performance of normal 600 500 cases are degraded. 400 300 200 100 0 The performance of issue 1, 480p 10, 480p 20, 480p 24, 480p 25, 480p 30, 480p cases are improved. gVirt Full 450 400 200 350 150 300 250 100 200 50 150 100 0 50 1, 1080p 4, 1080p 5, 1080p 6, 1080p 7, 1080p 10, 0 1080p 1, 720p 5, 720p 10, 720p 15, 720p 20, 720p gVirt Full gVirt Full Evaluation: static partial relaxed The performance of normal cases becomes worse with more relaxed pages. The performance of issue cases are improved. The coverage of hot pages affects the performance. 1000 900 800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 1, 480p 10, 480p 20, 480p 24, 480p 25, 480p 30, 480p Native gVirt Static Partial 50 Static Partial 100 Static Partial 200 Static Partial 300 Evaluation: dynamic relaxed 1000 800 Dynamic segmented partial 600 works fine on normal cases. 400 200 0 1, 480p 10, 480p 20, 480p 24, 480p 25, 480p 30, 480p Up to 13x of gVirt Native gVirt Dynamic Partial Dynamic Segmented Partial 85% of native 250 500 400 200 300 150 200 100 100 50 0 0 1, 720p 5, 720p 10, 720p 15, 720p 20, 720p 1, 1080p 4, 1080p 5, 1080p 6, 1080p 7, 1080p 10, 1080p Native gVirt Dynamic Partial Dynamic Segmented Partial Native gVirt Dynamic Partial Dynamic Segmented Partial Linux 2D/3D performance Slightly better than gVirt. 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 moitor scrolling zoomed - xonotic - -asteroids - lightsmark openarena urbanterror system firefox firefox midori - gnome gVirt gHyvi Windows 2D/3D performance Discrepancy is acceptable. 1 0.9 0.8 0.7 0.6 0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 SM2.0 HDR/SM3.0 Pass2D #"Heaven fps" Heaven gVirt gHyvi Summary An optimized GPU virtualization scheme based on gVirt. New shadow page table: Adaptive hybrid page table relaxed shadow page table shadowing policies Up to 13x performance improvement. Source code is available https://01.org/igvt-g Q&A Boosting GPU Virtualization Performance with Hybrid Shadow Page Tables.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • A Full GPU Virtualization Solution with Mediated Pass-Through
    A Full GPU Virtualization Solution with Mediated Pass-Through Kun Tian, Yaozu Dong, David Cowperthwaite Intel Corporation Abstract shows the spectrum of GPU virtualization solutions Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) virtualization is an (with hardware acceleration increasing from left to enabling technology in emerging virtualization right). Device emulation [7] has great complexity and scenarios. Unfortunately, existing GPU virtualization extremely low performance, so it does not meet today’s approaches are still suboptimal in performance and full needs. API forwarding [3][9][22][31] employs a feature support. frontend driver, to forward the high level API calls inside a VM, to the host for acceleration. However, API This paper introduces gVirt, a product level GPU forwarding faces the challenge of supporting full virtualization implementation with: 1) full GPU features, due to the complexity of intrusive virtualization running native graphics driver in guest, modification in the guest graphics software stack, and and 2) mediated pass-through that achieves both good incompatibility between the guest and host graphics performance and scalability, and also secure isolation software stacks. Direct pass-through [5][37] dedicates among guests. gVirt presents a virtual full-fledged GPU the GPU to a single VM, providing full features and the to each VM. VMs can directly access best performance, but at the cost of device sharing performance-critical resources, without intervention capability among VMs. Mediated pass-through [19], from the hypervisor in most cases, while privileged passes through performance-critical resources, while operations from guest are trap-and-emulated at minimal mediating privileged operations on the device, with cost. Experiments demonstrate that gVirt can achieve good performance, full features, and sharing capability.
    [Show full text]
  • 06523078 Galih Hendro Martono.Pdf (8.658Mb)
    PANDUAN MIGRASI DARI WINDOWS KE UBUNTU TUGAS AKHIR Diajukan Sebagai Salah Satu Syarat Untuk Memperoleh Geiar Sarjana Teknik Informatika ^\\\N<£V\V >> ^. ^v- Vi-Ol3V< Disusun Oleh : Nama : Galih Hendro Martono No. Mahasiswa : 06523078 JURUSAN TEKNIK INFORMATIKA FAKULTAS TEKNOLOGI INDUSTRl UNIVERSITAS ISLAM INDONESIA 2010 LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PEMBIMBING PANDUAN MIGRASI DARI WINDOWS KE UBUNTU LAPORAN TUGAS AKHIR Disusun Oleh : Nama : Galih Hendro Martono No. Mahasiswa : 06523078 Yogyakarta, 12 April 2010 Telah DitejHha Dan Disctujui Dengan Baik Oleh Dosen Pembimbing -0 (Zainudki Zukhri, ST., M.I.T.) ^y( LEMBAR PERNYATAAN KEASLIAN TUGAS AKIilR Sa\a sane bertanda langan di bawah ini, Nama : Galih Hendro Martono No- Mahasiswa : 06523078 Menyatakan bahwu seluruh komponen dan isi dalam laporan 7'ugas Akhir ini adalah hasi! karya sendiri. Apahiia dikemudian hari terbukti bahwa ada beberapa bagian dari karya ini adalah bukan hassl karya saya sendiri, maka sava siap menanggung resiko dan konsckuensi apapun. Demikian pennalaan ini sa\a buaL semoga dapa! dipergunakan sebauaimana mesthna. Yogvakarta, 12 April 2010 ((ialih Hendro Martono) LEMBAR PENGESAHAN PENGUJI PANDUAN MIGRASI DARI WINDOWS KE UBUNTU TUGASAKHIR Disusun Oleh : Nama Galih Hendro Martono No. MahaMSwa 0f>52.'iU78 Telah Dipertahankan di Depan Sidang Penguji Sebagai Salah Satti Syarat t'nUik Memperoleh r>ekii Sarjana leknik 'nlormaUka Fakutlss Teknologi fiuiii3iri Universitas Islam Indonesia- Yogvakai .'/ April 2010 Tim Penguji Zainuditi Zukhri. ST., M.i.T Ketua Yudi Prayudi S.SUM.Kom Anggota Irving Vitra Paputungan,JO^ M.Sc Anggota lengelahui, "" ,&'$5fcysan Teknik liInformatika 'Islam Indonesia i*YGGYA^F' +\ ^^AlKfevudi. S-Si.. M. Kom, IV CO iU 'T 'P ''• H- rt 2 r1 > -z o •v PI c^ --(- -^ ,: »••* £ ii fc JV t 03 L—* ** r^ > ' ^ (T a- !—• "J — ., U > ~J- i-J- T-,' * -" iv U> MOTTO "liada 1'ufian sefainflffaft dan Jiabi 'Muhamadadafafi Vtusan-Tiya" "(BerdoaCzfi ^epada%u niscaya a^anjl^u ^a6u0ian (QS.
    [Show full text]
  • Quake Three Download
    Quake three download Download ioquake3. The Quake 3 engine is open source. The Quake III: Arena game itself is not free. You must purchase the game to use the data and play. While the first Quake and its sequel were equally divided between singleplayer and multiplayer portions, id's Quake III: Arena scrapped the. I fucking love you.. My car has a Quake 3 logo vinyl I got a Quake 3 logo tatoo on my back I just ordered a. Download Demo Includes 2 items: Quake III Arena, QUAKE III: Team Arena Includes 8 items: QUAKE, QUAKE II, QUAKE II Mission Pack: Ground Zero. Quake 3 Gold Free Download PC Game setup in single direct link for windows. Quark III Gold is an impressive first person shooter game. Quake III Arena GPL Source Release. Contribute to Quake-III-Arena development by creating an account on GitHub. Rust Assembly Shell. Clone or download. Quake III Arena, free download. Famous early 3D game. 4 screenshots along with a virus/malware test and a free download link. Quake III Description. Never before have the forces aligned. United by name and by cause, The Fallen, Pagans, Crusaders, Intruders, and Stroggs must channel. Quake III: Team Arena takes the awesome gameplay of Quake III: Arena one step further, with team-based play. Run, dodge, jump, and fire your way through. This is the first and original port of ioquake3 to Android available on Google Play, while commercial forks are NOT, don't pay for a free GPL product ***. Topic Starter, Topic: Quake III Arena Downloads OSP a - Download Aerowalk by the Preacher, recreated by the Hubster - Download.
    [Show full text]
  • Optimization of Display-Wall Aware Applications on Cluster Based Systems Ismael Arroyo Campos
    Nom/Logotip de la Universitat on s’ha llegit la tesi Optimization of Display-Wall Aware Applications on Cluster Based Systems Ismael Arroyo Campos http://hdl.handle.net/10803/405579 Optimization of Display-Wall Aware Applications on Cluster Based Systemsí està subjecte a una llicència de Reconeixement 4.0 No adaptada de Creative Commons (c) 2017, Ismael Arroyo Campos DOCTORAL THESIS Optimization of Display-Wall Aware Applications on Cluster Based Systems Ismael Arroyo Campos This thesis is presented to apply to the Doctor degree with an international mention by the University of Lleida Doctorate in Engineering and Information Technology Director Francesc Giné de Sola Concepció Roig Mateu Tutor Concepció Roig Mateu 2017 2 Resum Actualment, els sistemes d'informaci´oi comunicaci´oque treballen amb grans volums de dades requereixen l'´usde plataformes que permetin una representaci´oentenible des del punt de vista de l'usuari. En aquesta tesi s'analitzen les plataformes Cluster Display Wall, usades per a la visualitzaci´ode dades massives, i es treballa concre- tament amb la plataforma Liquid Galaxy, desenvolupada per Google. Mitjan¸cant la plataforma Liquid Galaxy, es realitza un estudi de rendiment d'aplicacions de visu- alitzaci´orepresentatives, identificant els aspectes de rendiment m´esrellevants i els possibles colls d'ampolla. De forma espec´ıfica, s'estudia amb major profunditat un cas representatiu d’aplicaci´ode visualitzaci´o,el Google Earth. El comportament del sistema executant Google Earth s'analitza mitjan¸cant diferents tipus de test amb usuaris reals. Per a aquest fi, es defineix una nova m`etricade rendiment, basada en la ratio de visualitzaci´o,i es valora la usabilitat del sistema mitjan¸cant els atributs tradicionals d'efectivitat, efici`enciai satisfacci´o.Adicionalment, el rendiment del sis- tema es modela anal´ıticament i es prova la precisi´odel model comparant-ho amb resultats reals.
    [Show full text]
  • GPU Scheduling for Real-Time Multi-Tasking Environments
    TimeGraph: GPU Scheduling for Real-Time Multi-Tasking Environments Shinpei Kato† ‡, Karthik Lakshmanan†, and Ragunathan (Raj) Rajkumar†, Yutaka Ishikawa‡ † Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University ‡ Department of Computer Science, The University of Tokyo Abstract transition. Especially recent trends on 3-D browser and desktop applications, such as SpaceTime, Web3D, 3D- The Graphics Processing Unit (GPU) is now commonly Desktop, Compiz Fusion, BumpTop, Cooliris, and Win- used for graphics and data-parallel computing. As more dows Aero, are all intriguing possibilities for future user and more applications tend to accelerate on the GPU in interfaces. GPUs are also leveraged in various domains multi-tasking environments where multiple tasks access of general-purpose GPU (GPGPU) processing to facili- the GPU concurrently, operating systems must provide tate data-parallel compute-intensive applications. prioritization and isolation capabilities in GPU resource Real-time multi-tasking support is a key requirement management, particularly in real-time setups. for such emerging GPU applications. For example, users We present TimeGraph, a real-time GPU scheduler could launch multiple GPU applications concurrently in at the device-driver level for protecting important GPU their desktop computers, including games, video play- workloads from performance interference. TimeGraph ers, web browsers, and live messengers, sharing the same adopts a new event-driven model that synchronizes the GPU. In such a case, quality-aware soft real-time ap- GPU with the CPU to monitor GPU commands issued plications like games and video players should be pri- from the user space and control GPU resource usage in oritized over live messengers and any other applications a responsive manner.
    [Show full text]
  • Deepmind Lab
    DeepMind Lab Charles Beattie, Joel Z. Leibo, Denis Teplyashin, Tom Ward, Marcus Wainwright, Heinrich Küttler, Andrew Lefrancq, Simon Green, Víctor Valdés, Amir Sadik, Julian Schrittwieser, Keith Anderson, Sarah York, Max Cant, Adam Cain, Adrian Bolton, Stephen Gaffney, Helen King, Demis Hassabis, Shane Legg and Stig Petersen December 13, 2016 Abstract DeepMind Lab is a first-person 3D game platform designed for research and development of general artificial intelligence and machine learning systems. DeepMind Lab can be used to study how autonomous artificial agents may learn complex tasks in large, partially observed, and visually diverse worlds. DeepMind Lab has a simple and flexible API enabling creative task-designs and novel AI-designs to be explored and quickly iterated upon. It is powered by a fast and widely recognised game engine, and tailored for effective use by the research community. Introduction General intelligence measures an agent’s ability to achieve goals in a wide range of environments (Legg and Hutter, 2007). The only known examples of general- purpose intelligence arose from a combination of evolution, development, and learn- ing, grounded in the physics of the real world and the sensory apparatus of animals. An unknown, but potentially large, fraction of animal and human intelligence is a direct consequence of the perceptual and physical richness of our environment, and is unlikely to arise without it (e.g. Locke, 1690; Hume, 1739). One option is to di- rectly study embodied intelligence in the real world itself using robots (e.g. Brooks, 1990; Metta et al., 2008). However, progress on that front will always be hindered by the too-slow passing of real time and the expense of the physical hardware involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Estudo Sobre Redes Definidas Por Software Aplicado Em Jogos
    Estudo Sobre Redes Definidas por Software Aplicado em Jogos Digitais Lucas Dário Dissertação apresentada ao Instituto de Matemática e Estatística da Universidade de São Paulo para obtenção do título de Mestre em Ciências Programa: Ciência da Computação Orientador: Prof. Dr. Daniel Macêdo Batista Durante o desenvolvimento deste trabalho o autor recebeu auxílio financeiro da CAPES São Paulo, Fevereiro de 2020 Estudo Sobre Redes Definidas por Software Aplicado a Jogos Digitais Esta versão da dissertação/tese contém as correções e alterações sugeridas pela Comissão Julgadora durante a defesa da versão original do trabalho, realizada em 09/12/2019. Uma cópia da versão original está disponível no Instituto de Matemática e Estatística da Universidade de São Paulo. Comissão Julgadora: • Prof. Dr. Daniel Macêdo Batista (orientador) - IME-USP • Prof. Dr. Christian Esteve Rothenberg - UNICAMP • Profa. Dra. Cintia Borges Margi - POLI-USP Resumo DÁRIO, L. Estudo Sobre Redes Definidas por Software Aplicado em Jogos Digitais. 2020. 71 f. Tese (Mestrado) - Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, 2020. Redes Definidas por Software (RDS) são uma abordagem de arquitetura para Redes de Compu- tadores que busca fornecer ao administrador da rede a capacidade de configurá-la de uma forma dinâmica, programada e centralizada. Nesse paradigma, o plano de controle é separado do plano de dados por conta da criação de um novo elemento na rede, denominado Controlador. O controlador é responsável por monitorar e administrar os diversos dispositivos de comutação presentes na rede. Com isso, sempre que alguma alteração deve ser feita nas regras de roteamento da rede, o adminis- trador pode efetuá-las apenas no controlador, sem a necessidade de interferir direta e manualmente em cada um dos dispositivos existentes no restante da rede.
    [Show full text]
  • * His Is the Original Ubuntuguide. You Are Free to Copy This Guide but Not to Sell It Or Any Derivative of It. Copyright Of
    * his is the original Ubuntuguide. You are free to copy this guide but not to sell it or any derivative of it. Copyright of the names Ubuntuguide and Ubuntu Guide reside solely with this site. This guide is neither sold nor distributed in any other medium. Beware of copies that are for sale or are similarly named; they are neither endorsed nor sanctioned by this guide. Ubuntuguide is not associated with Canonical Ltd nor with any commercial enterprise. * Ubuntu allows a user to accomplish tasks from either a menu-driven Graphical User Interface (GUI) or from a text-based command-line interface (CLI). In Ubuntu, the command-line-interface terminal is called Terminal, which is started: Applications -> Accessories -> Terminal. Text inside the grey dotted box like this should be put into the command-line Terminal. * Many changes to the operating system can only be done by a User with Administrative privileges. 'sudo' elevates a User's privileges to the Administrator level temporarily (i.e. when installing programs or making changes to the system). Example: sudo bash * 'gksudo' should be used instead of 'sudo' when opening a Graphical Application through the "Run Command" dialog box. Example: gksudo gedit /etc/apt/sources.list * "man" command can be used to find help manual for a command. For example, "man sudo" will display the manual page for the "sudo" command: man sudo * While "apt-get" and "aptitude" are fast ways of installing programs/packages, you can also use the Synaptic Package Manager, a GUI method for installing programs/packages. Most (but not all) programs/packages available with apt-get install will also be available from the Synaptic Package Manager.
    [Show full text]
  • Ubuntu:Precise Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin)
    Ubuntu:Precise - http://ubuntuguide.org/index.php?title=Ubuntu:Precise&prin... Ubuntu:Precise From Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) Introduction On April 26, 2012, Ubuntu (http://www.ubuntu.com/) 12.04 LTS was released. It is codenamed Precise Pangolin and is the successor to Oneiric Ocelot 11.10 (http://ubuntuguide.org/wiki/Ubuntu_Oneiric) (Oneiric+1). Precise Pangolin is an LTS (Long Term Support) release. It will be supported with security updates for both the desktop and server versions until April 2017. Contents 1 Ubuntu 12.04 LTS (Precise Pangolin) 1.1 Introduction 1.2 General Notes 1.2.1 General Notes 1.3 Other versions 1.3.1 How to find out which version of Ubuntu you're using 1.3.2 How to find out which kernel you are using 1.3.3 Newer Versions of Ubuntu 1.3.4 Older Versions of Ubuntu 1.4 Other Resources 1.4.1 Ubuntu Resources 1.4.1.1 Unity Desktop 1.4.1.2 Gnome Project 1.4.1.3 Ubuntu Screenshots and Screencasts 1.4.1.4 New Applications Resources 1.4.2 Other *buntu guides and help manuals 2 Installing Ubuntu 2.1 Hardware requirements 2.2 Fresh Installation 2.3 Install a classic Gnome-appearing User Interface 2.4 Dual-Booting Windows and Ubuntu 1 of 212 05/24/2012 07:12 AM Ubuntu:Precise - http://ubuntuguide.org/index.php?title=Ubuntu:Precise&prin... 2.5 Installing multiple OS on a single computer 2.6 Use Startup Manager to change Grub settings 2.7 Dual-Booting Mac OS X and Ubuntu 2.7.1 Installing Mac OS X after Ubuntu 2.7.2 Installing Ubuntu after Mac OS X 2.7.3 Upgrading from older versions 2.7.4 Reinstalling applications after
    [Show full text]
  • A Guided Tour Through the Codebase
    Adding a new feature to L3DGEWorld 2.3 - a guided tour through the codebase ∗ Chris Holman Centre for Advanced Internet Architectures, Technical Report 121213B Swinburne University of Technology Melbourne, Australia [email protected] Abstract—This report gives a brief tutorial on the modifications lie, relative to the ioQuake3 source code, L3DGEWorld 2.3 code base. We provide some example and sectionIV concludes the report. code to add extra attributes and entities to L3DGEWorld and then discuss the major locations of the L3DGEWorld II. MODIFYING L3DGEWORLD code within the OpenArena code. The L3DGEWorld 2.3 source code is available in- Index Terms—CAIA, L3DGEWorld, source, code side the L3DGEWorld 2.3 package [7], inside the /source/ioq3-l3dgeworld.tgz archive. Instructions to com- I. INTRODUCTION pile L3DGEWorld 2.3 are in /source/README.txt. L3DGEWorld was developed on top of OpenArena. Our modifications to the code focus on entities and OA uses a modified version of the idTech 3 engine, their attributes1. In L3DGEWorld, an entity is one object which was created for Quake III Arnea. The engine is with a defined set of attributes. Each entity is represented already documented in various places [1]–[3], so we will by a single model, such as a star, phone or switch, inside focus on L3DGEWorld specific code. This report aims to the L3DGEWorld environment. The attributes define how provide a brief guide to the structure of L3DGEWorld the entity behaves - bounce height, spin rate and colour 2.3’s code by providing a few tutorials to modify its are three of the 9 attributes.
    [Show full text]
  • I/O Paravirtualization at the Device File Boundary
    I/O Paravirtualization at the Device File Boundary Ardalan Amiri Sani Kevin Boos Shaopu Qin Lin Zhong Rice University Abstract 1. Introduction Paravirtualization is an important I/O virtualization technol- Virtualization has become an important technology for com- ogy since it uniquely provides all of the following benefits: puters of various form factors, from servers to mobile de- the ability to share the device between multiple VMs, sup- vices, because it enables hardware consolidation and secure port for legacy devices without virtualization hardware, and co-existence of multiple operating systems in one physical high performance. However, existing paravirtualization so- machine. I/O virtualization enables virtual machines (VMs) lutions have one main limitation: they only support one I/O to use I/O devices in the physical machine, and is increas- device class, and would require significant engineering ef- ingly important because modern computers have embraced fort to support new device classes and features. In this paper, a diverse set of I/O devices, including GPU, DSP, sensors, we present Paradice, a solution that vastly simplifies I/O par- GPS, touchscreen, camera, video encoders and decoders, avirtualization by using a common paravirtualization bound- and face detection accelerator [4]. ary for various I/O device classes: Unix device files. Using Paravirtualization is a popular I/O virtualization tech- this boundary, the paravirtual drivers simply act as a class- nology because it uniquely provides three important bene- agnostic indirection layer between the application and the fits: the ability to share the device between multiple VMs, actual device driver. support for legacy devices without virtualization hardware, We address two fundamental challenges: supporting and high performance.
    [Show full text]
  • Free and Open Source Software
    Free and open source software Copyleft ·Events and Awards ·Free software ·Free Software Definition ·Gratis versus General Libre ·List of free and open source software packages ·Open-source software Operating system AROS ·BSD ·Darwin ·FreeDOS ·GNU ·Haiku ·Inferno ·Linux ·Mach ·MINIX ·OpenSolaris ·Sym families bian ·Plan 9 ·ReactOS Eclipse ·Free Development Pascal ·GCC ·Java ·LLVM ·Lua ·NetBeans ·Open64 ·Perl ·PHP ·Python ·ROSE ·Ruby ·Tcl History GNU ·Haiku ·Linux ·Mozilla (Application Suite ·Firefox ·Thunderbird ) Apache Software Foundation ·Blender Foundation ·Eclipse Foundation ·freedesktop.org ·Free Software Foundation (Europe ·India ·Latin America ) ·FSMI ·GNOME Foundation ·GNU Project ·Google Code ·KDE e.V. ·Linux Organizations Foundation ·Mozilla Foundation ·Open Source Geospatial Foundation ·Open Source Initiative ·SourceForge ·Symbian Foundation ·Xiph.Org Foundation ·XMPP Standards Foundation ·X.Org Foundation Apache ·Artistic ·BSD ·GNU GPL ·GNU LGPL ·ISC ·MIT ·MPL ·Ms-PL/RL ·zlib ·FSF approved Licences licenses License standards Open Source Definition ·The Free Software Definition ·Debian Free Software Guidelines Binary blob ·Digital rights management ·Graphics hardware compatibility ·License proliferation ·Mozilla software rebranding ·Proprietary software ·SCO-Linux Challenges controversies ·Security ·Software patents ·Hardware restrictions ·Trusted Computing ·Viral license Alternative terms ·Community ·Linux distribution ·Forking ·Movement ·Microsoft Open Other topics Specification Promise ·Revolution OS ·Comparison with closed
    [Show full text]