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History & Importance of Wildlife Conservation

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History & Importance of Wildlife Conservation IntroductionIntroduction toto WildlifeWildlife ExploringExploring thethe HistoryHistory andand ImportanceImportance ofof WildlifeWildlife ManagementManagement LearningLearning ObjectivesObjectives ExplainExplain thethe historyhistory ofof wildlifewildlife conservation.conservation. DescribingDescribing thethe nationalnational policiespolicies thatthat impactimpact wildlifewildlife conservation.conservation. IdentifyIdentify historicalhistorical peoplepeople relatedrelated toto wildlifewildlife conservation.conservation. DescribeDescribe thethe valuesvalues ofof wildlife.wildlife. DefineDefine wildlifewildlife conservationconservation andand wildlifewildlife management.management. TermsTerms toto KnowKnow AestheticAesthetic valuevalue CommercialCommercial valuevalue DomesticationDomestication EcologicalEcological valuevalue EcologyEcology EndangeredEndangered speciesspecies actact ExploitationExploitation ForestForest serviceservice GameGame valuevalue TermsTerms toto KnowKnow Lacey Act Migratory Bird Conservation Act Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act National Park Service Pittman-Robertson Act Scientific value Wildlife Wildlife conservation Wildlife management Wildlife Refuge Service ExplainExplain thethe historyhistory ofof wildlifewildlife conservationconservation InIn thethe 1600’s,1600’s, whenwhen thethe pilgrimspilgrims arrived,arrived, wildlifewildlife waswas plentifulplentiful andand waswas ableable toto meetmeet thethe needsneeds ofof thethe people.people. NeedsNeeds turnedturned intointo wants,wants, whichwhich ledled toto exploitationexploitationᾷtheᾷthe useuse ofof naturalnatural resourcesresources forfor profit.profit. ByBy thethe 1800’s,1800’s, peoplepeople beganbegan toto seesee aa needneed forfor conservationconservation ofof ourour naturalnatural resourcesresources WhatWhat isis thethe historyhistory ofof wildlifewildlife conservation?conservation? MorrillMorrill ActAct ofof 18621862 EstablishedEstablished collegescolleges toto teachteach agriculture.agriculture. MadeMade “land“land grantgrant universities”universities” suchsuch asas thethe UniversityUniversity ofof Illinois.Illinois. WhatWhat isis thethe historyhistory ofof wildlifewildlife conservation?conservation? YellowstoneYellowstone NationalNational ParkPark FirstFirst nationalnational parkpark inin thethe world.world. ItsIts purposepurpose waswas toto preservepreserve thethe naturalnatural resourcesresources ofof thethe area.area. 18721872 LocatedLocated inin Idaho,Idaho, MontanaMontana && WyomingWyoming 3,4723,472 sq.sq. milesmiles 2,221,7732,221,773 sq.sq. acresacres WhatWhat areare thethe nationalnational policiespolicies thatthat impactimpact wildlifewildlife conservation?conservation? NationalNational ParkPark ServiceService Enacted in 1916. Federal agency responsible for the care of the national parks. LaceyLacey ActAct Regulates the shipment of illegally killed animals. Made it illegal to trade protected wildlife. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? MigratoryMigratory BirdBird ConservationConservation ActAct First step in protecting migratory birds. 1929 MigratoryMigratory BirdBird HuntingHunting StampStamp ActAct Requires people planning on hunting migratory birds to purchase special stamps. 1937 Has raised over $1 billion to date. WhatWhat areare thethe nationalnational policiespolicies thatthat impactimpact wildlifewildlife conservation?conservation? Pittman-RobertsonPittman-Robertson ActAct RaisesRaises moneymoney inin thethe formform ofof taxestaxes onon huntinghunting equipmentequipment andand ammunitionammunition 19371937 WhatWhat areare thethe nationalnational policiespolicies thatthat impactimpact wildlifewildlife conservation?conservation? EndangeredEndangered SpeciesSpecies ActAct IdentifiesIdentifies andand managesmanages rare,rare, threatenedthreatened andand endangeredendangered species.species. Threatened-population is in danger of becoming endangered. Endangered-population is in danger of becoming extinct. What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? WildlifeWildlife RefugeRefuge SystemSystem AA systemsystem ofof wildlifewildlife refugesrefuges acrossacross thethe UnitedUnited States.States. AA partpart ofof thethe USUS FishFish andand WildlifeWildlife Service.Service. 19661966 What are the national policies that impact wildlife conservation? ForestForest ServiceService PartPart ofof thethe USDAUSDA thatthat managesmanages 156156 forestsforests coveringcovering 191191 millionmillion acresacres ofof forestsforests andand grassland.grassland. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation JohnJohn JamesJames AudubonAudubon (1785–1851)(1785–1851) WatchedWatched andand studiedstudied birds.birds. PublishedPublished aa bookbook aboutabout hishis birdbird studies.studies. 19051905 thethe NationalNational AudubonAudubon SocietySociety waswas formed.formed. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation JohnJohn MuirMuir (1838–1914)(1838–1914) PartlyPartly responsibleresponsible forfor thethe developmentdevelopment ofof YellowstoneYellowstone andand SequoiaSequoia NationalNational Parks.Parks. EncouragedEncouraged PresidentPresident RooseveltRoosevelt toto establishestablish thesethese parks.parks. StartedStarted thethe SierraSierra Club.Club. CaliforniaCalifornia forestforest namednamed afterafter him.him. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation TheodoreTheodore RooseveltRoosevelt (1858–1919)(1858–1919) KnownKnown asas thethe “Father“Father ofof thethe ConservationConservation Movement”.Movement”. PassedPassed legislationslegislations toto helphelp protectprotect naturalnatural resource.resource. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation AldoAldo LeopoldLeopold (1886–1948)(1886–1948) AppliedApplied ecologyecology toto wildlife.wildlife. Ecology is the study of how organisms interact with their environment. WroteWrote aa bookbook calledcalled GameGame ManagementManagement thatthat waswas usedused toto helphelp furtherfurther educateeducate wildlifewildlife biologists.biologists. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation GiffordGifford PinchotPinchot (1865–1946)(1865–1946) OneOne ofof thethe firstfirst leadersleaders ofof whatwhat isis nownow knownknown asas thethe U.S.U.S. ForestForest Service.Service. WroteWrote aa bookbook calledcalled TheThe FightFight forfor Conservation.Conservation. HisHis effortsefforts focusedfocused onon thethe conservationconservation ofof forests.forests. HistoricalHistorical PeoplePeople inin WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation HughHugh BennettBennett (1881–1960)(1881–1960) Father of soil conservation. First person to run the Soil Conservation Service. JayJay DarlingDarling (1872–1962)(1872–1962) Designed the first migratory bird stamp. Drew cartoons of wildlife and natural resources. His cartoons made the public aware of the need for wildlife conservation. TheThe workwork ofof JayJay DarlingDarling ᾿ Land, water and vegetation are just that dependent on one another. Without these three primary elements in natural balance, we can have neither fish nor game, wild flowers nor trees, labor nor capital, nor sustaining habitat for humans῀ Jay “Ding” Darling The work of Jay Darling WhatWhat areare thethe valuesvalues ofof wildlifewildlife PlantsPlants andand animalsanimals thatthat havehave notnot beenbeen domesticateddomesticated areare calledcalled wildlife.wildlife. DomesticationDomestication isis beingbeing underunder controlcontrol ofof humans.humans. ThereThere areare fivefive basicbasic valuesvalues ofof wildlifewildlife FiveFive BasicBasic ValuesValues ofof WildlifeWildlife AestheticAesthetic value—thevalue—the enjoyingenjoying ofof wildlife’swildlife’s beautybeauty andand pleasurepleasure ScientificScientific value—studyingvalue—studying andand researchresearch ofof wildlifewildlife forfor theirtheir useuse inin medications,medications, integratedintegrated pestpest management,management, etc…etc… EcologicalEcological Value—theValue—the interactioninteraction ofof wildlifewildlife inin naturenature FiveFive BasicBasic ValuesValues ofof WildlifeWildlife Commercial—usingCommercial—using wildlifewildlife toto earnearn moneymoney GameGame Value—theValue—the enjoymentenjoyment valuevalue gainedgained throughthrough huntinghunting andand fishingfishing WhatWhat areare wildlifewildlife conservationconservation andand wildlifewildlife management?management? WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservationᾷᾷ thethe wisewise useuse ofof naturalnatural resourcesresources inin ourour environment.environment. WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation isis divideddivided inin 44 parts.parts. Education—learningEducation—learning howhow toto conserveconserve wildlifewildlife andand itsits resources.resources. Research—usingResearch—using sciencescience toto betterbetter understandunderstand thethe needsneeds andand requirementsrequirements ofof wildlifewildlife andand itsits habitat.habitat. WhatWhat areare wildlifewildlife conservationconservation andand wildlifewildlife management?management? WildlifeWildlife ConservationConservation isis divideddivided inin 44 partsparts (continued)(continued) LawLaw Enforcement—ensuresEnforcement—ensures thatthat allall lawslaws relatedrelated toto wildlifewildlife areare followed.followed. WildlifeWildlife Management—manipulationManagement—manipulation
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