2015-10-30 ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN Energy Check on Sein 1 Introduction 1 2 A brief description 2 3 Energy calculations 4 4 Conclusion 4 1 Introduction In 2015, Sein joined the SMILEGOV1 a clear picture of the island’s energy project through its membership in consumption, its emissions and how it l’Association Les Îles du Ponant (AIP) is it supplied with energy, moving into and subsequently in the European an action plan for a more sustainable Small Islands Federation (ESIN). The future, and to invite the island to join 2 objectives of SMILEGOV, funded by the the Pact of Islands . European Commission, is to establish 1 http://www.sustainableislands.eu/ 2 http://www.islepact.eu/html/index.aspx 1 (6) ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN Christian Pleijel [email protected] Tel +358-457-342 88 25 ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN Being late arrivers in the project, the Christian Pleijel, Vice President of work with Sein has been focused on ESIN (European Small Islands Federa- checking the island’s status and plans, tion) and Denis Bredin, Director of the not proposing actions, and to use this AIP, have compiled this limited audit knowledge to enhance the total pro- of the energy situation on Sein 2015. ject knowledge of small islands energy Islands are miniatures of the world, needs and solutions. solitary, clearly separated from the There are excellent data on energy mainland by the sea. Being small, dis- and emissions on Sein in the AIP do- tant and vulnerable, an island needs to cuments « Profil Énergie et Gaz à effet plan and develop itself in a cohesive de serre – Sein » (2014), « Transition and continuous manner, handling the Énergétique des îles du Ponant – complexity of local, regional and Eu- Sein”( 2014), « Monographie Sein ropean politics, combining micro and 2103 », and « Atlas des îles de macro scale. l’Atlantique » (2009). Based on these September 2015, documents, their own experience and desktop research, Senior Advisor Christian Pleijel and Denis Bredin 2 A brief description Île de Sein is a French island in the well known for the dangers of its Atlantic Ocean, off Finistère, four and waters, the Chaussée de Sein, a vast a half nautical miles (8 kilometres) zone of reefs stretching more than 50 from the Pointe du Raz (raz meaning kilometres from east to west, "water current"), from which it is requiring numerous lighthouses, separated by the Raz de Sein. beacons, and buoys. The island, with its neighbouring is- It is one of the smallest French 2 lets, forms the commune of Île-de- islands with an area of 0,6 km and Sein in the Finistère department of an average altitude of 1,5 meter. Brittany in north-western France. With increasingly rough storms and a global rise in sea levels of 0.14 in- Lying on the sea routes going south ches per year since the early 1990s, from the English Channel, Sein is 2 (6) ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN culminating on 2008, the existence of inhabitants and visitors, counting the island seems increasingly at four resturants and seven cafés, one risk3. doctor but no nurse, a post office and It is also one of the least accessible. It two ATM’s, two grocery stores is not possible for the islanders to including bakery and butcher while leave the island in the morning and fish is bought directly from the part- come back inte afternoon the same time fishermen on the island. day. As of today, the school has two children who are part of he islands’ integrated and itinerant school system of les Îles du Ponant. Sein has officially 220 all-year inhabitants. Summertime, the num- ber of humans moving around, eat- ing, drinking, producing garbage, litter and emissions, sometimes The island’s need of freshwater is needing help and healthcare, asking solved through a station for reversed transportation to and from the is- osmosis = a process that removes salt land, can be as much as 1,500. This is from seawater. equivalent to an all-year population Electricity is produced with 3 diesel of 344 people. The human pressure gernerators that use 420,000 litres of or the “ecological footprint” on the oil a year. small island is thus much bigger than official data show and is aggravated The islanders of Sein – ”sénans” in by the fact that, over the year, the French – are well known for their pressure is very uneven4. strong sense of independence, being the last place in Europe to be The island has quite high level of christened and showing exceptional public and private services for its resistance to the German occuptaion of WW2 which excempted them from 3 paying tax. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/24/world/europe/f rench-islanders-face-rising-sea-levels.html?_r=0 4 Monographie Sein 2103 accounts for 1,227 people in summer season 3 (6) ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN 3 Energy calculations Baseline Year 2011 Population 220 / 344 E N E R G Y C O N S U M P T I O N E M I S S I O N S For the whole island 5,343 MWh For the whole island: 4,550 TEP Per capita: Total figures: Residential 11,483 kWh Residential 1,189 TEP Tertial 4,466 kWh Tertial 562 TEP Transport of goods 400 kWh Transport of goods 21 TEP Sea transports local 1,952 kWh Sea transports local 528 TEP Sea transports mainland 6,431 kWh Sea transports mainland 2,112 TEP Fishery 574 kWh Fishery 53 TEP Agriculture 21 kWh Agriculture 0 TEP Water & waste 115 kWh Water & waste 85 TEP Sum per capita (220) 25,443 kWh Sum per capita (344) 15,531 kW 4 (6) ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN 4 Conclusions The greatest threats to the island so- (3) Exchange of household lighting ciety of Sein are sudden storms and (minus 7 MWh), electronics (mi- slow rise of the sea level. nus 7 MWh), shower jets (minus 8,2 MWh) and fridges to A++ or Being far out at sea and living from A+++ (minus 3 MWh), all in all tourism, 73 percent of the total con- saving 30 MWh/year sumption of energy on the island is for transports to and from the main- There is also an action group called land, making 25,5 million kilometres IDES – Île de Sein Energie5 – whose of voyages a year, using 9,272 MWh primary goal is to provide a clean and for sea transports, which causes 58% renewable type of energy and make of the emissions. the island totally self-sufficient with local, renewable energy. A three-year program is ongoing 2013-2015 with the following three Not everybody is happy about this, actions which are planned to save there are winds of discord blowing on 160 MWh/year (11 percent of the Sein6. island’s energy use): (1) 20 buildings renovated saving 4 MWh each = minus 80 MWh/year (2) Exchange of 75 x 125W street- 5 http://www.idsenergies.fr/idse_home lights to 50W LED, saving 50 6 MWh/year http://www.rtl.be/info/monde/economie/u ne-ile-100-verte-le-vent-de-la-discorde- souffle-sur-sein-690278.aspx 5 (6) ENERGY CHECK ON SEIN .