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SIEMENS

TVTransmitter 2/O.2 kW Band lll with modulation at a fixed lF :t

Contents V

l. Design ll. Features lll. Construction lV. Principles of Operation V. Electrical Data Vl. Scope ol Delivery

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lssued by Bereich Bauelemente, Vertrieb, Balanstraße 73.8000 München 80

Terms of de lverv and riahts to chanse desisn reserved. l. Design

fhe 2/O.2 kW VHF Band lll consists Transmitter preamplifier stages up to an output power ot vof separate chains for the picture and sound approx. 1O W fitted with silicon transistors. signals with a combining network at the output. The pic- ture and sound pre stage with associated power supply Modulation at f ixed lF. is located in one cabinet together with the 2/0.2 kW out- For TV transmission in accordance with CCIR Recom- put stage with power supply and the in a second mendalions (625 lines, channel bandwidth 7 MHz). cabinet, the combining unit. lt is possible to house in picture this cabinet also some monitoring equipment. As Also available for FCC or OIRT standards. monitor, oscilloscope, switch point selector, sound de- modulator, Nyquist demodulator, but note this equipment Completely color-compatible for NTSC, PAL or SECAM is not part of the transmitter. standards. The standard version is designed for operation in accord- ance with the CCIR Recommendations (625 lines, T MHz channel bandwldth). lf required the transmitter can also be supplied to the FCC standard (525 lines, 6 MHz channel bandwidth), or OIRT standard (625 lines, S MHz channel lll. Construction For is fully bandwidth). these systems the transmitter (fig.2) color-compatible to the NTSC. PAL or SECAM standards,

Modulation at f ixed lF assures the transmitter meets high The cabinets 685 mm wide, 1070 mm deep and 2026 mm quality requirements with excellenl long-term stability. high have lockable doors at the back and front. Meters The lower signal level stages up to I0 W output power for monitoring all important parameters are located in an ncorporate s licon trans sto'5. tr're oower stages tetrodes. instrument panel above the front doors. YBoth the picture and sound ampi fier and diplexer combin- For signal processing and amplification the prestage ing unit can be tuned over the entire band lll range of 1 74 preequalizer, to 230 MHz. Before delivery, they are tuned to a fixed cabinet contains the exciter with FM exciter unit, picture modulator, picture converter, 5 W cha n nel. transistorized picture driver stage 100 W power amplifier, Forced air cooling only is employed. The transmitler sound converter with 10 W transistorized sound driver power protection operates lrom a three-phase 380i 220 V 13% mains. For stage together with the supply and larger mains variations a mains regulator is required. This circuits. As well as the 2 kW picture PA, 0.2 kW sound power is not supplied as part of the transmitter. PA with associated supply and protection circuits. The second cabinet, the combining unit, contains the diplexer and on request also monitoring assembly units.

It is advisable because of to install the air cooling ll. Features equipment in a separate sound-proof room. High long-term stability of its characleristics makes the transmitter especially suitable for operation unattended Small d imensions. on stations. A remote control system carries commands to lhe transmitter and transmits back the corresponding Picture and sound transmitters 2/0.2kW, with associated signals. On attended stations the transmitter is switched power supply in one cabinet. Diplexer with probable moni- on centrally from the transmitter control panel. v- torinq equipment in a second cabinet. An interlock loop prevents damage to the transmitter Transmitter interlock in accordance with IEC Recom- by operators errors. AII control knobs and sliders that may mendations 215-1. have 10 be adjusted occassionally cannot endanger Fault memory for 39 functions. personnel. :t

The transmitter contains all monitoring instruments re- for the two converters at a frequency obtained by adding quired for constant supervision and measurement of the the channel frequency f6 to the frF.!l operating voltages and currents. ln addition to meters As the frequency f F is substracted again in the converters, in the instrument panel across the top of the transmitter, frequency errors of the lF oscillator cancel out at the meters are provided on the front panel of individual units transmitter output. where necessary. Visual indicators and lamps indicate deviations from normal operation and faults in each stage. The channel frequency is obtained by multiplication from a quartz crystal oscillator in a thermostatically controlled The quality of the picture and sound signals can be oven. The oscillator frequency remains within the admis- checked at various points. For example the video pre- sible tolerance over many month without requiring cor- equalizer has well decoupled 75 ohm outputs to which rection. video control instruments can be connected. A number of directional couplers with 50 ohm outputs are provided for lF and RF tesl equipment. Separaie control units ln the modulator the standard lF of 38.9 MHz is amplitude containing a video-lracer, video oscilloscope, and Nyquist modulated (negative modulation) with the video signal. demodulator can also be supplied on request, and located The determines the level clamping, and is above the diplexer. such that with color transmission the color burst remains practically unaffected. A band-pass filter following the modulator stage also acts as vestigial sideband filter. lV. Principles of operation This is lollowed by a delay equalizino circuit which in ! (fig.3) the vestigial sideband range irovides"bener possibilities - of equalizing than video frequency equalization. Both 2/0.2 kW picture and sound transrnitters the vestigial sideband filter and delay equalizer can be switched out of the signal path from the front panel and measured separately. The modulator also contains a further The two video inputs of the picture transmitter are de- equalizing circuit to correct for amplitude non-linearity signed as coaxial insertion filters. The incoming video line in lhe subsequent RF power amplifier stages. therefore does not terminate in the trdnsmitter but can be continued to any other points such as the piclure trans- mitter monitoring equipment. A remote controlled change The lF signal from the modulator is fed to the picture over switch connects the video preequalizer input to one frequency converter, where it is converted to the channel of the two program lines. frequency and amplified to about 0.5 W. Another transis- tor stage amplifies the RF signal to the 5 W level to drive The subsequent video preequalizer equalizes and prepares the RF penultimate amplifier to 100 W peak sync across the video signal. lt contains an adjustable correction net- 50 ohms. work to compensate for non linear in the power amplifier stages following (linearity correction), and a delay equalization network adjustable in steps and mainly The F lvl exciter contains an oscillator that is frequency effective at the upper end of the video frequency band. modulated by the audio signal from a two stage regulator The video preequalizer also assumes the functions of and AF amplifier. An AFC circuit keeps the center fre- levelling, white level clamping, indication of excessive quency of the FM signal within the usual tolerances by a white level and precorrection of the oc- large safety margin. ln accordance with the CCIR stand- Ar curing in the subsequent power amplifier stages. ard, the frequency modulator operates at 33.4 MHz. After amplification the lF sound signal is applied to the sound The exciter supplies a standard 38.9 MHz lF sinewave converter, which resembles the picture converter. This for the video and sound modulators. and an RF sinewave is followed by a 10 W transistorized driver.

2 v

2/O.2 kW picture and sound stage mutual interference. lt also helps to suppress the color V subcarrier at -4.43 MHz !n the lower sideband. The 2 kW picture output stage fitted with the tetrode type YL 1056 is a straight amplifier operating in class AB. lts characteristic is obtained with two identical band stop filters inserted in a double bridge with absorber. The sound output stage is preparing the 200 W output power. For measuring purposes, the picture or sound transmitter can be connected directly to the or a dummy

Combining unit The diplexer is situated in the lower part of this cabinet, up to a height of about 80 cm. Above the diplexer, an- The diplexer in this unit combines the picture and sound other 85 cm can be used for taking up additional monitor- transmitter outputs to the common antenna input without ing equipment.

V. Electrical Data for CCIR Standard B

Yceneral

Rated output power, single and double transmitter 2/O.2 kW

Ratio of picture to sound output power 10 : 1 Frequency range Transmitter tuning range 174to23O MHz (channels5to 12) Video bandwidth of vision channel 0 to 5 MHz Color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHz Color system NTSC. PAL or SECAM Frequency deviation with 1OO% drive + 50 kHz Maximum frequency deviation 2 70 kHz Sound frequency modulation bandwidrh 30 to 15,000 Hz

Cooling

Air cooling YAdmissible ambient temperature range in transmitter I + 51s +45 "C for b/w operation room to meet specified performance I +t S to +45 'C for color operation Maximum admissible humidity in transmitter room 90% at max. +26 "C Ru nning- in time 30 minutes output power and powsr consumption Single transmitter Double transmitter

Rated output power Picture transmitter (Peak pulse power) > 2kw > 2kw Sound transmitter > 0.2 kw > 0.2 kw

Mains input') 3x380/220v +3o/" 3x380/220 V r30Ä 50 Hz +5% 50 Hz +5%

Power input including blow€rs a) with 2/0.2 kW rated power, approx. 4.6 kVA approx. 4.6 kVA white picture cos 9 ) 0.93 cos q ä 0.93 b) with 2/0.2 kW rated power. approx. 5.1 kVA approx. 5.1 kVA black picture without lift cos E ä 0.93 cos 9 ) 0.93 c) Operating transmitter with 2/0.2 kW into the antenna. standby transmitter with 2/O.2 kW into , approx. 10.2 kVA black picture without lift cos 9 ) 0.93

Phase current max. 9 A max- '18 A

Fusos (fast trip) 3x20A !x(lx20A)

Blow€rs a) lnlet air 0.55 kw 2 x0.55 kW

Mains voltaga rogulator 3 x 2.5 kVA 2 x (3 x 2.5 kVA) alternativ: '| x (! x 7.5 kVA)

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l For larger mains voltage fluctualions a mains voltage regulator is ]equired. 4 Picture transmitter

Output power, .t measured at diDlexer outDut > 2 kW Terminations Transmitter output 50 O unbalanced Admissible VSWR 1.1 : 'l (+ a. = 26 dB)

Class of emission Negative-going amplitude modulation with partial suppression of lower sideband AsC

Type of modulation Frequency modulation at intermediate frequency lntermediate frequency generation Oscillator frequency 38.9 MHz

Carrier f requency generation Carrier frequency : (Carrier frequency + lF) - lF Oscillator frequency range approx. 9.6 to 1 2.8 M Hz l\4 u lt ip lica t io n x 18 Pulling range o{ carrier frequency approx. +4 kHz Setting accuracy of carrier frequency better than +50 Hz I Uaximum deviation of carrier frequency from set value after 30 min. uninterrupted operation 5 +500 Hz after 1 month with oscillator crystal ovens switched on < +150 Hz

lnput for external exciter 1 lnput impedance 50 O lnput frequency (f. = carrier frequency) f./6 Cross-talk attenuation of the input out of circuit > 80 dB Return loss of external input > 20 dB Rated input voltage 1 V.-" +10% Remote changeover internal/external Floating contact (60 V, 0.2 A)

Number of video inputs 2 lnput impedance 75 O Return loss of VF input for frequencies up to 5 M Hz when terminated with 75 O > 34 dB Peak-peak VF input vollage for composite color signal 0.7 to 1.3 V positive Cross-talk attenuation between the two video inputs for frequencies up to 5 MHz > 56 dB

Level clamping, switch -selected J Keyed Clamping of blanking level without impairing color sync signal Unkeyed Sync level clamping

Level stability Peak voltage (sync pulse) 1O0% Peak voltage variation when changing from black to white picture < 0.5 dB Blanking level with standard input signal 75% +0%, -4% White level with standard input signal 10 to 12.5o/o

White level clipping (can be switched off) Attenuation of signal components above 4.5 M Hz exceeding clipping level < 0.5 dB Operate uncertainty < +1Yo Operate level adjustable in the range O to 25yo

Envelope delay response Deviation from a constant for f =0to4.5MHz <+ 40 ns f =4.8MHz <+100ns

') The reduced quality of certain transmission functions dependent on the VSWR of the load must be taken into consideration. t

Linearity Linearity measure m = ratio of minimum to maximum slope of modulation characteristic between black and white picture measured with constant modulation frequency across transmitter and Nyquist demodulator Forf=0to4MHz when modulating signal changes from 12 lo 75% with or 10 lo 75o/o without white clipper > 0.9 For color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHz when modulating signal changes from 12 lo 87 .5o/o with white clipper or 10 to 87.5% without white clipper > 0.9

Differential phase for color subcarrier frequency 4.43 MHz when modulating signal changes from 12 to 87.5% with white clipper or 10 to 87.5% without white clipper < *3'

Amplitude/f requency response Sideband spectrum of picture transmitter including diplexer Fig. 1-1 t Frequency response measured across transmitter including diplexer and Nyquist demodulator assuming frequency response of Nyquist demodulator as shown in fig. 1 -3 Fig.1 -2

Build-up transient (measured across transmitter and Nyquist demodulator) Low trequencies Tilt of 50 Hz square wave when modulating signal changes from '10 to 75% 3 +2o/o High frequencies Build-up transient of a 250 kHz square wave measured at Nyquist demodulator when modulating signal changes from 55 to 75% Fig.1 '4

Spurious output Noise Random noise voltage level between 10 kHz and 5 MHz referred to black-white step 1Q/75% > 56 dB rms rating L Hum Level of hum voltage up to 1 kHz referred to black-white step 10/75o/o ) 43 dB peak rating

6 lntercarrier i nterf erence ratio (measured across transmitter, diplexer and Nyquist demodulator) referred to 30 kHz deviation of sound transmitter with a modulating frequency of 500 Hz >38d8 Spurious emissions Harmonics { 1 mW Combination signals produced by transmitter < 1 pW

Sound transmitter Output power measured at diplexer output > 0.2 kw Termination Output 50 O unbalanced Admissible VSWR ('l .3 : 1 (= a. ar 18 dB) Class of emission Frequency modulation F3

Type of modulation lF modulation (F3) Sound carrier intermediate frequency 33.4 MHz I lF carrier frequency generation Oscillator frequency 33.4 M Hz Regulating circuit with phase discriminator. Spacing between picture and sound carriers held constant at 5.5 M Hz (standard B)

Auxiliary carrier frequency generation Same auxiliary carrier used as in picture transmitter: Carrier frequency = (picture carrier frequency + picture lF) - sound lF Maximum deviation of sound carrier frequency from set value within one month (transmitter run in) < 1000 Hz Center frequency shift with modulation up to +50 kHz deviation none Frequency deviation with 100% TV signal +50 kHz maximum deviation +75 kHz maximum shift from set value within 1 month < +5% AF input lnput impedance > 2000 O balanced to ground 600 O (if desired) Control range of AF inpur voltage (manual control on site) for both +30 kHz and +50 kHz deviation -4 to +8 dBm Control steps 2 x 10 dB (coarse) / 20 x0.5 dB (fine) AF frequency response '1,000 (referred to Hz) between 40 and 1 5,000 Hz < +0.5 dB

Distortion factor between 40 and 15,000 Hz referred to 50 kHz deviation

Amplitude/f requency response between 40 and 15,000 Hz without preemphasis level +0.5 dB with preemphasis corresponding to a time constant of 50 ps +1 dB Spurious modulation (referred to 500 Hz) I fU unweighted vottage - referred to 130 kHz deviation >50d8 FM weighted voltage (through an ear filter in accordance with CCIR 1949) referred to *30 kHz deviation >60d8 AM u nweighted voltage referred to 1 00% AM >48d8 AM synchronous voltage referred lo 1 00% AM >54d8 Spurious emission I Harmonics <1mW Out-of -band combination signals <1pw

Diplexer

Power rating Picture transmitter peak power 2.5 kW Picture transmitter average power 1.5 kW Sound transmitter 0.5 kw

Frequency range Diplexer tuning range 17O to 23O MHz (channels5to 12)

Cooling air lnput impedance with output terminated up to 50 O Picture input 50 O unbalanced VSWR in passband 5 1.1 :1 (+ a. > 26 dB) i Sound input 50 O unbalanced VSWR in passband <1.03:1(:a.>30d8)

Output impedance 50 O unbalanced Admissible load VSWR 51 .4'. 1 (z a, > 1 5.5 dB)

Decoupling Picture input to sound input at picture carrier frequency fg >25d8 at sound carrier frequency fr >40d8 Picture input to absorber at picture carrier frequency fB >20d8

Attenuation Sound input to antenna at sound carrier frequency f1 < 0.7 dB Picture input to antenna at picture carrier frequency fs < 0.2 dB

Test points

RF test points convener picture Measuring head at output 5 W frequency Output of LV 1 (100 W Picture) Output of LV2 (2 kw picture) Output ol LV 3 (0.2 kW sound) 2 x output of diplexer RF output voltage of couPler looPs Output impedance 50r) dB Directivity > 34 lF test points Output modulator Output equalizer amplifier lF output voltage 250 mV,-" +1/-4 dB Output impedance 50c)

VF test points Output white clipper (switched) or output VF precorrector (color composite signal) Output voltage 1 V peak- peak Output impedance 75c)

8 Sideband spectrum of picture transmitter Af [MHz] hish low Limit tdBl 0-- 1 ol t. 4.43 -30 ! t -81 i l < _1.25 -2Q dB -12 - - - -1.25 to-0.75 + 0.5 -16F r - _ 0.75 +0.5 -4 n0 0.5 +0.5 -1.0 ) -:5?4t. I ' i l i -0.25 +0.5 -0.5 4.J-2 10I2 J 4 5 6 0 +0.5 - tr [MHzl -0.5 Fig. 1-1 +l,5 Ref value +3 to +4.5 +0.5 -1.0 +5 +0.5 -2.5 +5 to + 5.5 +0.5 Overall amplitude characteristic picture transmitter + nyquist demodulator*) > +S.5 -20

_0 Frequency Limit MHz dB I 0to1.5 +1 /-1 t 1.5 Ref value 3 +1 / 1.5 4 +1 /-2 u0ö J456 4.43 +1 / -1.5 -- 1." iMHrl 5 +1 / 28.5 Fis.1 -2 > 5.5 -30/-

Amplitude characteristic nyquist + of demodulator RF ZF t,u, A,d l./"1 with switched on sound trap MHz low high Limit < _1.65 o2 g -1.65 0 0.8 i50 -1.35 0 0.8 ,1 0 8.5 0.5 15 25 I 0 48 52 +0.5 75 85 +1 91 .5 101 .5 +1 .4 95 105 +1.5 Ref value +1.6 95 105 Buildu p transient of picture transmitter + nyquist demodulator with +2.5 105 sudden changes from 55% to 75% of the peak voltage and vice versa 95 +3.5 80 95 +4.43

Time [ns] Limits [%] +75 -10 +100 +11 J.200 +7 -1000 -200 0 200 600 1000 + >nsec [400 to 1000] +5 -t * to 1 a3 Fis. 1-4 [400 000] for smear

') Transm. with receiver precorrection and with sound trap I

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TtrEE E Erciter free space lor rpnitoairE unils Video preequalizsr

Picture modulätor

Pictutg converter

Sound converter

Co rol pan€l

Measudng panel

100 w pict.

200 w sound c

Cuioutpanol (:!) -(J,

$1.l 685

Pictorg/Sound Combining unit Dimensions in mm lransmitter 210.2 kw

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Vl. Scope of Delivery V

Vl. Designations, sizes and weight

Designation D ime nsio ns/Weig ht Designation Dimensions BxDxH (mm) BxDxH (mm)

Band lll 137Ox1O72x2026 TV Transmitter 2/O.2 kW ca. 1 200 kg Cabinet 1: Cabinet 2: Picture/sound transmitter 685x1O72x2026 Combining unit 685x1Q72x2026 2/O.2 kW compnsrng: comprising:

1 lnstrument panel 685x120x181 1 lnstrument panel 685x120x181 'l Exciter 483x375"133 1 Diplexer 525 x964 x 600 x375 1 VF preequalizer 483 " 133 containing 1 Picture modulator 483x448x133 2 Filter cavities 456 x 861 x218 1 Picture converter 483x448x88 2 3-dB couplers 426 x12O a 1 Sound converter 483x448x88 1 Double directional coupler 60x650x90 1 Control panel 483x448x133 2 Diode probes Y '1 M easuring panel 230x70x90 1 Termination resistor 1 Cutout panel 226 t242x 43Q prepared for housing 1 Picture amplifier '100 W 23O x22Q x 45O monitoring equ ipment 1 Sound amplifier 200W 23Ox22Ox 450 1 Power amplifier 230 x230 x750 (cavity) YL 1056 picture driver 1 Power supply 420 x 280 x860 1 3- phase transformer 340 x225 x287 4 Directional couplers 1 Measuring head 6 Diode probes 1 Blower 1 Air ducting system with filter and silencer

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12 Olfices of Siemens Aktiengesellschaft in the Federal Republic of Germany and Berlin (West)

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S enre.s Eth op a Lld Siemens L aison Olf ce S edens Soc ete Anonyme Fas A lwoded Makonen Pon ente tr6, No 590 Abdu Azrz N4 T Alghanlnr Co. Wellinqton 1 lP O Box 4145, tuxembours (P B rTor) Addis Ababa 1P O B 5505) (Ap:rrado Posta 15064) Kuwail, Arabia 1PO I 3204) G P O. Welli.glon) Te 49711 I Teler 3430 Te 1515 99, Te er 21052 Iel 5 67 07 22,Ie ex 171274Q Te 42 33 36, Telet 2131 Te.46365 Te ex 31233 SIEMENS

SIEMENS AKTIEN GESE LLSCHAFI Besrc I Nr. B 1485 101 Pr frcd n !!cst Gern)a.y