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HAR-20-03 Schoharie, New York, Highway Accident Report

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HAR-20-03 Schoharie, New York, Highway Accident Report Stretch Limousine Run-Off-Road Crash Near Schoharie, New York October 6, 2018 Accident Report NTSB/HAR-20/03 National PB2020-101008 Transportation Safety Board NTSB/HAR-20/03 PB2020-101008 Notation 64871 Adopted September 29, 2020 Highway Accident Report Stretch Limousine Run-Off-Road Crash Near Schoharie, New York October 6, 2018 National Transportation Safety Board 490 L’Enfant Plaza, S.W. Washington, D.C. 20594 National Transportation Safety Board. 2020. Stretch Limousine Run-Off-Road Crash, Near Schoharie, New York, October 6, 2018. Highway Accident Report NTSB/HAR-20/03. Washington, DC: NTSB. Abstract: On October 6, 2018, about 1:55 p.m., a 2001 Ford Excursion XLT stretch limousine, operated by Prestige Limousine and Chauffeur Service, was traveling south on New York State Route 30 (NY-30) near Schoharie, New York. The limousine, occupied by a driver and 17 passengers, was descending a grade that began 1.81 miles north of a T-intersection with New York State Route 30A (NY-30A). The posted speed limit was 55 mph. Although the driver likely applied the brakes while descending the hill, the brake system failed to effectively slow the limousine, and its speed increased to over 100 mph. The driver steered to avoid a car stopped at the NY-30/NY-30A intersection, proceeded past a stop sign, crossed the intersection, and entered the driveway of a restaurant parking lot. The limousine struck an unoccupied sport utility vehicle (SUV) parked in a field adjacent to the driveway. Two pedestrians standing near the SUV were struck by it when the SUV was forced forward by the limousine. The limousine continued into a ravine, where it struck an earthen embankment and several trees. As a result of the crash, 20 people died, including all 18 limousine occupants and the 2 pedestrians The National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) identified the following safety issues: inadequate brake system maintenance, vehicle alteration affecting compliance with applicable Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards, drivers falsifying medical histories in medical certification examinations for commercial driver’s licenses, ineffective state oversight of intrastate motor carrier operations, and insufficient occupant protection for limousine passengers. On the basis of its findings, the NTSB makes safety recommendations to the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration, the State of New York, the New York State Department of Motor Vehicles, and the National Limousine Association. The NTSB is an independent federal agency dedicated to promoting aviation, railroad, highway, marine, and pipeline safety. Established in 1967, the agency is mandated by Congress through the Independent Safety Board Act of 1974 to investigate transportation accidents, determine the probable causes of the accidents, issue safety recommendations, study transportation safety issues, and evaluate the safety effectiveness of government agencies involved in transportation. The NTSB makes public its actions and decisions through accident reports, safety studies, special investigation reports, safety recommendations, and statistical reviews. The NTSB does not assign fault or blame for an accident or incident; rather, as specified by NTSB regulation, “accident/incident investigations are fact-finding proceedings with no formal issues and no adverse parties … and are not conducted for the purpose of determining the rights or liabilities of any person” (Title 49 Code of Federal Regulations section 831.4). Assignment of fault or legal liability is not relevant to the NTSB’s statutory mission to improve transportation safety by investigating accidents and incidents and issuing safety recommendations. In addition, statutory language prohibits the admission into evidence or use of any part of an NTSB report related to an accident in a civil action for damages resulting from a matter mentioned in the report (Title 49 United States Code section 1154(b)). For more detailed background information on this report, visit the NTSB investigations website and search for NTSB accident ID HWY19MH001. Recent publications are available in their entirety on the NTSB website. Other information about available publications also may be obtained from the website or by contacting—National Transportation Safety Board; Records Management Division, CIO-40; 490 L’Enfant Plaza, SW; Washington, DC 20594; (800) 877-6799 or (202) 314-6551. Copies of NTSB publications may be downloaded at no cost from the National Technical Information Service, at the National Technical Reports Library search page, using product number PB2020-101008. For additional assistance, contact—National Technical Information Service; 5301 Shawnee Rd. Alexandria, VA 22312; (800) 553-6847 or (703) 605-6000 or the NTIS website. NTSB Highway Accident Report Contents Figures and Tables ....................................................................................................................... iii Acronyms and Abbreviations .......................................................................................................v Executive Summary .................................................................................................................... vii 1 Factual Information ....................................................................................................................1 1.1 Crash Narrative ..........................................................................................................................1 1.2 Injuries .......................................................................................................................................3 1.3 Emergency Response .................................................................................................................3 1.4 Highway Factors ........................................................................................................................4 1.4.1 General Characteristics ....................................................................................................4 1.4.2 Intersection Crash Location .............................................................................................6 1.4.3 Highway Alignment.........................................................................................................7 1.4.4 Signage ............................................................................................................................9 1.4.5 Crash History .................................................................................................................10 1.4.6 Weather and Illumination ..............................................................................................10 1.5 Vehicle Factors ........................................................................................................................10 1.5.1 Damage ..........................................................................................................................10 1.5.2 Alteration of Ford SUV into Limousine ........................................................................14 1.5.3 Limousine Mechanical Condition ..................................................................................20 1.5.4 Limousine Maintenance .................................................................................................27 1.5.5 Prestige Limousine Fleet Inspection ..............................................................................27 1.5.6 Brake Performance Study ..............................................................................................28 1.6 Limousine Driver Factors ........................................................................................................32 1.6.1 Licensing and Experience ..............................................................................................32 1.6.2 Health, Toxicology, and Medical Certification .............................................................33 1.6.3 Precrash Activities .........................................................................................................35 1.7 Motor Carrier Factors ..............................................................................................................38 1.7.1 New York Operating Authority to Transport Passengers ..............................................38 1.7.2 New York State Department of Motor Vehicles Oversight...........................................39 1.7.3 New York State Department of Transportation Oversight ............................................42 1.7.4 Federal Oversight ...........................................................................................................47 1.8 Occupant Protection .................................................................................................................47 1.8.1 Seat Belts and Seat Integrity ..........................................................................................47 1.8.2 Providing Occupant Protection for Limousine Passengers ...........................................48 1.9 New York State Postcrash Legislative Actions .......................................................................49 2 Analysis ......................................................................................................................................51 2.1 Introduction ..............................................................................................................................51 2.2 Crash Discussion ......................................................................................................................53
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