AS/400 HTTP Server Performance and Capacity Planning
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AS/400 HTTP Server Performance and Capacity Planning Gottfried Schimunek, Erich Noriega, Greg Paswindar, George Weaver International Technical Support Organization http://www.redbooks.ibm.com SG24-5645-00 International Technical Support Organization SG24-5645-00 AS/400 HTTP Server Performance and Capacity Planning January 2000 Take Note! Before using this information and the product it supports, be sure to read the general information in Appendix D, “Special notices” on page 195. First Edition (January 2000) This edition applies to Version 4 Release 4 of OS/400. Comments may be addressed to: IBM Corporation, International Technical Support Organization Dept. JLU Building 107-2 3605 Highway 52N Rochester, Minnesota 55901-7829 When you send information to IBM, you grant IBM a non-exclusive right to use or distribute the information in any way it believes appropriate without incurring any obligation to you. © Copyright International Business Machines Corporation 2000. All rights reserved. Note to U.S Government Users - Documentation related to restricted rights - Use, duplication or disclosure is subject to restrictions set forth in GSA ADP Schedule Contract with IBM Corp. Contents Figures ......................................................vii Tables .......................................................xi Preface ..................................................... xiii The team that wrote this redbook ......................................xiii Commentswelcome................................................xiv Chapter 1. AS/400 HTTP server performance overview ................1 1.1Overview...................................................1 1.1.1 Integrating different Web server components into one system. ......1 1.1.2 Understanding the components. .............................2 1.1.3Tuning.................................................2 1.1.4 Components of Web environments ...........................3 1.2 Basic queuing theory . ........................................7 1.2.1 Queuing Multiplier effect . ..................................8 1.2.2 Additional queuing considerations............................9 1.3CommonlyusedmetricsforWebapplications......................12 1.4AS/400performancemetrics...................................13 1.5ConceptsofWebapplicationperformance........................13 1.5.1Measurement..........................................14 1.5.2Analysisandcorrelation..................................15 1.5.3Sizing................................................15 1.5.4 Capacity planning .......................................15 1.6Theroadtoe-business.......................................16 Chapter 2. Characteristics of Web-based applications................19 2.1BasicWebserving..........................................19 2.2 Static page serving . .......................................20 2.3 Dynamic page serving. .......................................21 2.4 Interactive application page serving . ............................21 2.5 Persistent connection . .......................................23 2.6 Internet, intranet, and extranet deployment . ......................23 2.7Integratedcommercialapplications..............................24 Chapter 3. Performance measurement and analysis tools .............27 3.1AS/400data...............................................27 3.1.1 CPU utilization . .......................................27 3.1.2CommunicationIOPperformance...........................30 3.1.3Mainmemoryanddiskarm................................33 3.2Networkdata...............................................34 3.2.1Networklatency........................................34 3.2.2 Throughput............................................35 3.2.3 Utilization . ............................................35 3.2.4Efficiency.............................................36 3.2.5Networkmeasurementtools...............................37 3.3Clientdata................................................41 3.4 Web server access log analysis ................................42 3.4.1Commonaccesslogfileformat.............................42 3.4.2 Extended access code format . ............................44 3.4.3Editingthelogsformat...................................45 iii 3.4.4Otherlogs............................................47 3.4.5 Log maintenance . .................................... 48 3.5 Access log analysis tools. .................................... 48 3.5.1WhatwewanttogetfromAS/400systemlogfiles..............48 3.5.2 AS/400 Web analysis tools . .............................. 49 3.5.3 PC-based analyzers. .................................... 56 Chapter 4. Correlation of measured performance data ............... 65 4.1MeasuringAS/400systemresourceusage....................... 65 4.1.1Analysismeasurements.................................. 65 4.1.2Sizingmeasurements................................... 66 4.2CorrelationofWebhitstoAS/400systemresources................ 66 4.2.1Correlationofjobstohits................................. 66 4.2.2 Correlation of CPU utilization to hits ........................ 68 4.2.3 Main memory and system pool . ......................... 70 4.2.4Diskarms............................................71 4.2.5Transactiontrace....................................... 72 4.3CorrelationofWebhitstonetworkresources...................... 73 4.3.1BytespersecondperIOPtraffic...........................75 4.3.2Correlationtothebytestransmitted.........................75 4.3.3CorrelationtoIOPutilization.............................. 77 4.4CorrelationofWebhitstoclientactivityandclientresources.......... 78 Chapter 5. Security implications and performance .................. 79 5.1 Security characteristics and components .........................79 5.2SecureSocketsLayer....................................... 81 5.2.1 SSL components . .................................... 82 5.2.2SSLperformanceimplications............................. 84 5.3VirtualPrivateNetworks(VPNs)............................... 85 5.3.1ObjectsusedbyVPNinsidetheAS/400system............... 85 5.3.2VPNperformanceimplications............................. 87 5.4Firewall.................................................. 87 5.5Internetsecurityterminology.................................. 87 Chapter 6. Sizing Web-based applications ........................ 91 6.1Sizingbasics.............................................. 91 6.2Sizingfordifferentapplicationcharacteristics.....................91 6.2.1 Static Web page serving . ..............................91 6.2.2 Static Web page serving example . ......................... 92 6.2.3 Dynamic Web page serving and application sizing..............92 6.3SizingAS/400resources..................................... 96 6.3.1Mainprocessor........................................ 96 6.3.2Diskarms............................................97 6.3.3Mainmemory.......................................... 98 6.3.4CommunicationsIOPs.................................. 100 6.4HTTPserverattributes..................................... 103 6.4.1AS/400filesystemconsiderations......................... 103 6.4.2Caching............................................. 104 6.4.3 Persistent connections.................................. 105 6.4.4HTTPserverdirectives................................. 105 6.5Responsetimesizing:Client................................. 106 6.5.1Webbrowserandclientperformanceconsiderations........... 106 6.6 Capacity and response time sizing: Network . .................. 110 6.6.1Networksizingconsiderations............................ 111 iv AS/400 HTTP Server Performance and Capacity Planning 6.6.2Datatrafficconsiderations................................112 6.6.3Othertrafficconsiderations...............................113 6.6.4Qualityofservice......................................113 6.6.5 Redesign or more bandwidth. ...........................113 6.7 Capacity and response time sizing: Security . .....................115 6.7.1SSLenvironment.......................................116 6.7.2Firewallandproxyenvironment............................117 6.8Sizingtools...............................................123 6.8.1AS/400WorkloadEstimator..............................123 6.8.2BEST/1Sizer.........................................125 6.9 Considerations for estimating peak loads . .....................127 6.10Summary...............................................128 Chapter 7. Capacity planning for Web-based applications ...........131 7.1 Capacity planning basics ....................................131 7.2 Capacity planning for different application characteristics . ..........131 7.2.1 Categorizing the page hit type. ...........................131 7.2.2 Categorizing the page objects content. .....................132 7.2.3 Correlating server CPU utilization ..........................133 7.3 Capacity planning for AS/400 resources .........................135 7.3.1Mainprocessor........................................135 7.3.2Diskarms............................................138 7.3.3Mainmemory.........................................140 7.3.4CommunicationsIOP...................................142 7.4 Capacity planning for client resources...........................145 7.4.1 Intranet workstation considerations .........................145 7.4.2 Internet and extranet workstation considerations...............146 7.5 Capacity planning for network resources.........................146 7.5.1 General network considerations and intranet considerations . ....147 7.5.2 Internet and extranet considerations . .....................153