Angel Island to Island Angel on Reynolds Camp Established
Total Page：16
File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb
9/27/05, 4:29 PM 4:29 9/27/05, 1 layout2005 AIbrochurePDF Printed on Recycled Paper Recycled on Printed ) /0 . (Rev Parks State California 2003 © 7 1 (415) 435-1915 (415) Tiburon, CA 94920 CA Tiburon, P.O. Box 318 Box P.O. Angel Island State Park State Island Angel www.parks.ca.gov 711, TTY relay service relay TTY 711, (916) 653-6995, outside the U.S. the outside 653-6995, (916) For information call: (800) 777-0369 (800) call: information For Sacramento, CA 94296-0001 CA Sacramento, P. O. Box 942896 Box O. P. Golden Gate Bridge. Gate Golden CALIFORNIA STATE PARKS STATE CALIFORNIA Marin County and the and County Marin Office at the following address. following the at Office views of San Francisco, San of views alternate format, write to the Communications the to write format, alternate number below. To receive this publication in an in publication this receive To below. number sites and breathtaking and sites assistance should contact the park at the phone the at park the contact should assistance arrival, visitors with disabilities who need who disabilities with visitors arrival, access to many historic many to access against individuals with disabilities. Prior to Prior disabilities. with individuals against California State Parks does not discriminate not does Parks State California the land, providing easy providing land, the and roads crisscross roads and station. Today, trails Today, station. and as an immigration an as and for high-quality outdoor recreation. outdoor high-quality for settlement of the West the of settlement cultural resources, and creating opportunities creating and resources, cultural State Park State protecting its most valued natural and natural valued most its protecting a major role in the in role major a the state’s extraordinary biological diversity, biological extraordinary state’s the Angel Island Angel people of California by helping to preserve to helping by California of people A ngel Island played Island ngel health, inspiration and education of the of education and inspiration health, Recreation is to provide for the for provide to is Recreation and Parks California the of mission The Department of Department Our Mission Our A ngel Island is a grass- and woodland- The Immigration Station covered mountain island with spectacular New immigration facilities opened on Angel views of Marin County, San Francisco and the Island in 1910 to replace old, cramped quarters Golden Gate. Coast Miwok once inhabited on a San Francisco pier. Most Immigration the island, and for nearly 100 years—from Station detainees were from China. Chinese the Civil War to the Cold War—the federal were specifically targeted for exclusion from government used its strategic location for immigration to the United States by the military bases, a quarantine station and an Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882. immigration station. Today, trails and roads From 1910 to 1940, this was the entry point provide access to the many historic sites, for approximately 175,000 Chinese immigrants facilities and breathtaking views. who came to the United States. Most were detained on Angel Island from two weeks to CULTURAL HISTORY School children watching a living history demonstration six months, until their applications were Early Inhabitants approved. Many were denied entry. By Coast Miwok began visiting the island about detention camp for soldiers returning from the contrast, European immigrants and first class two thousand years ago. The Miwok established Spanish-American war to a discharge depot. passengers usually faced only an inspection camps and primarily used the island as a By 1905 some 87,000 men had passed on board the ship and were never detained fishing and hunting site. through the fort. on Angel Island. In 1775 Lt. Juan Manuel de Ayala, a Span- During World War I, East Garrison served Some Chinese detainees expressed their ish navigator, sailed the San Carlos into San as a recruitment and replacement depot and anxiety and despair in poetry carved on the Francisco Bay and anchored in what is now a discharge point for troops returning from wooden walls of the detention center. Many Ayala Cove. With his pilot, José de Cañizares, the war. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, the of these poems are still legible today. A fire he developed one of the first maps of San fort processed the transfer of about 40,000 in 1940 destroyed the administration build- Francisco Bay. They christened the island men per year. ing and hastened the station’s abandon- Isla de Los Angeles. Angel Island was an embarkation site for ment. The Chinese Exclusion Act and The Army on Angel Island replacement troops headed toward the subsequent laws were repealed in 1943. In 1863 during the Civil War, the U. S. Army Pacific war zone during World War II and a The Quarantine Station established Camp Reynolds on Angel Island to processing facility for prisoners of war. When In 1891 a Quarantine Station was opened at protect San Francisco Bay. The island later troops returned from the war, a 60-foot sign Ayala Cove (then known as Hospital Cove), became a garrison for infantry companies, as with the illuminated words “Welcome Home, where ships from foreign ports could be well as infantry serving in campaigns against Well Done” greeted them from the island. In fumigated and immigrants suspected of the Apache, Sioux, Modoc and other Native July 1946 the Army abandoned the island, carrying diseases could be kept in isolation. Americans in the West. declaring it surplus property. The 40 buildings at the station included a 400- The Army designated the entire island “Fort The Army returned during the Cold War to bed detention barracks, a disinfecting plant, McDowell,” and renamed Camp Reynolds the build a Nike missile battery. By 1962 the laboratories and quarters for employees. As West Garrison in 1900. New facilities at Quarry system had become obsolete, and the Army better medical examinations at the ports of Point, called East Garrison, evolved from a decommissioned the base and left the island. embarkation and improved medical practices Printed on Recycled Paper Recycled on Printed Parks State California 2007) (Rev. 2003 © (415) 435-1915 (415) Tiburon, CA 94920 CA Tiburon, P.O. Box 318 Box P.O. Angel Island State Park State Island Angel www.parks.ca.gov 711, TTY relay service relay TTY 711, (916) 653-6995, outside the U.S. the outside 653-6995, (916) For information call: (800) 777-0369 (800) call: information For Sacramento, CA 94296-0001 CA Sacramento, P. O. Box 942896 Box O. P. CALIFORNIA STATE PARKS STATE CALIFORNIA Golden Gate Bridge. Gate Golden Marin County and the the and County Marin munications Office at the following address. following the at Office munications - Com the to write format, alternate an in tion views of San Francisco, Francisco, San of views - publica this receive To below. number phone assistance should contact the park at the the at park the contact should assistance sites and breathtaking breathtaking and sites arrival, visitors with disabilities who need need who disabilities with visitors arrival, against individuals with disabilities. Prior to to Prior disabilities. with individuals against access to many historic historic many to access California State Parks does not discriminate discriminate not does Parks State California the land, providing easy easy providing land, the and roads crisscross crisscross roads and station. Today, trails trails Today, station. and as an immigration immigration an as and for high-quality outdoor recreation. outdoor high-quality for settlement of the West West the of settlement opportunities creating and resources, cultural and natural valued most its protecting a major role in the the in role major a State Park State the state’s extraordinary biological diversity, diversity, biological extraordinary state’s the preserve to helping by California of people A ngel Island played played Island ngel health, inspiration and education of the the of education and inspiration health, Angel Island Angel Parks and Recreation is to provide for the the for provide to is Recreation and Parks Department of of Department California the of mission The Our Mission Our A ngel Island is a grass- and woodland- From 1910 to 1940, this was the entry point covered mountain island with spectacular for approximately 175,000 Chinese immi- views of Marin County, San Francisco and the grants. Most were detained on Angel Island Golden Gate. Coast Miwok once inhabited from two weeks to six months, until their the island, and for nearly 100 years—from applications were approved. Many were de- the Civil War to the Cold War—the federal nied entry. By contrast, European immigrants government used its strategic location for and first class passengers usually faced only military bases, a quarantine station and an an inspection on board the ship and were immigration station. Today, trails and roads never detained on Angel Island. provide access to the many historic sites, Some Chinese detainees expressed their facilities and breathtaking views. anxiety and despair in poetry carved on the wooden walls of the detention center. Many School children watching a living history demonstration CULTURAL HISTORY of these poems are still legible today. A fire Early Inhabitants in 1940 destroyed the administration build- Coast Miwok began visiting the island about from the Spanish-American war to a discharge ing and hastened the station’s abandonment. depot. During World War I, East Garrison 2,000 years ago. The Miwok established The Quarantine Station served as a recruitment and replacement de- camps and used the island primarily as a In 1891 a Quarantine Station was opened at pot and a discharge point for troops returning fishing and hunting site. Ayala Cove (then known as Hospital Cove), from the war.