DOCSLIB.ORG

The Species of Limnoria, a Genus of Wood- Boring Isopoda

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Species of Limnoria, a Genus of Wood- Boring Isopoda Annals and Magazine of Natural History Series 8 ISSN: 0374-5481 (Print) (Online) Journal homepage: http://www.tandfonline.com/loi/tnah14 XLIII.—The species of Limnoria, a genus of wood- boring Isopoda Chas Chilton M.A. D.Sc. LL.D. M.B. C.M. F.L.S. To cite this article: Chas Chilton M.A. D.Sc. LL.D. M.B. C.M. F.L.S. (1914) XLIII.—The species of Limnoria, a genus of wood-boring Isopoda , Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 13:76, 380-389, DOI: 10.1080/00222931408693499 To link to this article: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222931408693499 Published online: 15 Sep 2009. Submit your article to this journal Article views: 3 View related articles Full Terms & Conditions of access and use can be found at http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?journalCode=tnah14 Download by: [University of Florida] Date: 20 June 2016, At: 01:25 380 Dr. C. Chilton on XLIII.--The Species of Limnoris, a Genus of Wood-bor(,g lsopoda. By Cnxs. CHILTOS, M.A., D.Se., LL.D., M.B., C.M., F.L.S., Professor of Biology, Canterbury Colleg% :N.Z. [Plate XYII.] O~ July 29th, 1913, I received from the authorities of tile Auckland Harbour Board a piece of timber that was being destroyed by a marine borer, with the request that I would see if the borer was the "gribble," Limnoria llgnorum, Rathke. An examination at once showed that the borer was certainly a species of Limnoria ; the decision as to whether it was the European species or not required some care, as in 1883" I had described from Lyttelton Barbour, New Zealand, another species, Limnorla segnls, which in general appearance was extremely like L. lignovum , though differing from it in the characters of some of the mouth- parts and living on seaweed instead of boring into wood. A detailed examination and a comparison with specimens from Plymouth, England, showed, however, that the animal boring into the wood in Auckland Harbour was indeed L. lignorum. This conclusion, moreover, was confirmed by the fact that, accompanying the Limnoria~ there were also some specimens of an Amphipodan borer; which, on com- parison with specimens fi'om Plymouth, England, proved to to be identical with Chelm'a te~'ebrans, Philippi, r a species associated with Limnoria liynorurn in Europe J'. I hese two species must evidently have been introduced into New Zealand, probably in some old wooden vessel, and they thus afEord an example of the accidental dispersal of marine Crustaeea by means of ships, additional to those already recorded by me (1911, p. 131). It cannot be ascertained for certain how long ago these two Crustaeea were introduced into Auckland Harbour, but Downloaded by [University of Florida] at 01:25 20 June 2016 in all probability it was many years ago. 2'hey appear to find the locality favourable, for they were extremely numerous in the samples of wood that were sent down to me, and they seem to be causing rapid destruction, both of the softer timbers, such as Kauri, and even of harder kinds, such as Totara. * The references are made by the year of publication to the list at the end of the paper. ~f It should be remembered that at Christmas Island, Indian Ocean, another species, Zimnoria andrewsl, is associated with a different species of Chdura, i. e. C. insul~e~ Caiman (see Calman, 1910~ p. 182). t~e ~mle~t ~Lim~ia. 351 To ascertain if tile Lfmnorla o~red elsewhere in New Zealand, l applied to Mr. Cyrus Williams, ~ngine~r to the Lyttelton Harbour Board, who most obligingly sent me a specimen of an ironbark pile, tile outer part of which was partially destroyed. Examination showed that this destruc- tion also bad been caused by Limnorla liynorum, though in this particular case it appeared to be unaccompanied by Chegura terebrans. Mr. Williams stated that in Lytteltou Harbour tlle animal could perhaps hardly be called a borer, as it seemed to operate only on tile surface, removing about one inch from the outside of an ironbark pile in about thirty years, though with softer timber its operations were much more rapid. Later on, in December 1913, I found the same species, Limnoria lignorum, boring into piles in Akaroa tiarbour, though here again it did not appear to be accom- panied by the Chelura. Probably it will be found that L~mnoria lignorum has bean similarly introduced into many other harbours. In a paper on the marine wood-borers of Australia, read at tile Melbourne Meeting of the Australasian Association for the Advance- ment of Science, in January 1900, Mr. Chas. Hedley (1901, p. 237) stated that neither Limno~'ia ligno~.um nor Chelura terebrans had up to that time been recorded by naturalists from Australasian seas, but in a footnot% added on the 14th Jun% 1901, as his paper was passing through tim press, he states that Mr. T. Whitelegge had identified L. Uynorum from timber fi'om a floating jetty at Circular Quay, and again from part of the hull of a ferry-boat plying in Sydney Harbour. In the timber, both from Auckland and from Lyttelton, I found, along with the Limnoria, numerous specimens of another Amphipod, ~' CoroThlum contractum," G. M. Thom- son (1881, p. 220). The CoroTMum, however, did not appear to be boring into the timber, but to be merely taking advantage of the decay caused by the Limnoria, and thereby Downloaded by [University of Florida] at 01:25 20 June 2016 securing a suitable dwelling-place and probably also food. D,'. Macdonald has (1875, p. 67) described a similar associa- tion in England, where Tanais vittatus was found in the holes bored by Limnoria lignorum and Chelura terebrans. In this paper I do not propose to deal with the borer from the economic aspect; some details of the damage done in Australasia by these Crustacea and by other borers is given in Mr. ttedley's paper. The examination of the specimens, however, necessitated a comparison with L. segnis, a species which does not bore into wood, but lives on seaweed, patti- 382 Dr. C. Chilton on cularly on the bmnchlng holdfasts of Maceocystls. This rendered necessary also an examination of the characters of the other species of Limnoeia that have been described during recent years, and has led to one or two results which are perhaps worthy of being placed on record. I have had for examination numerous specimens of L. lignorum and of L. segnis , and I have also been able to examine two speci- mens from the South Orkney Islands which appear to belong to L. antarctica, Proffer. These were found among tile "residues" of some Amphipodan collections made by tile 'Scotia' Expedition ill 1903, and were presumably taken free, i. e. not boring into wood. In 1904~ the Rev. T. R. R. Stebbing (1904, p. 714) enumerated four species known at that time, with the characters that appeared to distinguish them. Since then two other species have been described, making six species in all. These species are :-- I. Limnoria lignorum (Rathke), 1799. Length 5 mm. Wood-borer, abundant in Europe and on the eastern coast of :North America, also recorded from tile Pacific and from San Diego, California. 2. L. segnis, Chilton, 1883. Length 5 ram. Speeie~ living on seaweed and not boring into wood~ Lyttelton and Akaroa ]ffarbom's, New Zealand. 3. L. antarctica, Pfeffer, 1887. Length 4:'5 ram. Found in holes bored in seaweed, South Georgia; also taken at the South Orkneys. 4. L. pf~fferi, Stebbing, 1904. Length 3"5 mm. Found in rotten wood in lagoon, Minikoi, Indian Ocean. 5. L.japonica, Richardson, 1909. Length 5 mm. Taken from crevices in water-logged fragment of bambo% Japan. 6. L. and~'ewsl, Calman, 1910. Length about 2 mm. Boring in piles, Christmas Island, Indian Ocean. Downloaded by [University of Florida] at 01:25 20 June 2016 These six speeies form a very natural group, and are all very much alike in size, general appearance, and in the general form and structure of the different appendages. They seem to differ mainly in the proportions of some of the mouth-parts and of the other appendages. The chief points that have been used to differentiate them are the shape and size of the epipod o£ the maxillipeds, the character of the palp of the mandible, the relative size of the rami of the uropods and their proportion to ttte peduncle, and the presence or absence of a comb-like spine on the propod of the first gnathopod ; other distinctions lmve in certain eases the gpeeies of Limnoria. 383 been drawn from the shape of the body, the propotgions of its dit~erent segments, and the presence or absence of tubercles on the dorsal surface of the pleon. Lfmnoris l;9norum has been fully described by Harger, Sars (1897, p. 76), and others, and its characters are pretty well known. L. antarctlea was described in great detail by Pt'efFer in 1887, and in the descriptions of L. pfeff~i and L. andrewsi special notice has been taken of the characters distinguishing the species. Of L. segnis only the short original description has been published, and it will be con- venient to consider its characters here somewhat more fully attd with special reference to the points mentioned above. Limnoria segnis , Ohilton. Limnoria s~nis, Chilton, 1883, p. 76, pl. iL fig. 1; Stobbing, 1904, p. 714. General Description and Comparison wit)i otI~er 8peeies.~ The general appearance is. in close agreement with L.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Woodlice in Britain and Ireland: Distribution and Habitat Is out of Date Very Quickly, and That They Will Soon Be Writing the Second Edition
    • • • • • • I att,AZ /• •• 21 - • '11 n4I3 - • v., -hi / NT I- r Arty 1 4' I, • • I • A • • • Printed in Great Britain by Lavenham Press NERC Copyright 1985 Published in 1985 by Institute of Terrestrial Ecology Administrative Headquarters Monks Wood Experimental Station Abbots Ripton HUNTINGDON PE17 2LS ISBN 0 904282 85 6 COVER ILLUSTRATIONS Top left: Armadillidium depressum Top right: Philoscia muscorum Bottom left: Androniscus dentiger Bottom right: Porcellio scaber (2 colour forms) The photographs are reproduced by kind permission of R E Jones/Frank Lane The Institute of Terrestrial Ecology (ITE) was established in 1973, from the former Nature Conservancy's research stations and staff, joined later by the Institute of Tree Biology and the Culture Centre of Algae and Protozoa. ITE contributes to, and draws upon, the collective knowledge of the 13 sister institutes which make up the Natural Environment Research Council, spanning all the environmental sciences. The Institute studies the factors determining the structure, composition and processes of land and freshwater systems, and of individual plant and animal species. It is developing a sounder scientific basis for predicting and modelling environmental trends arising from natural or man- made change. The results of this research are available to those responsible for the protection, management and wise use of our natural resources. One quarter of ITE's work is research commissioned by customers, such as the Department of Environment, the European Economic Community, the Nature Conservancy Council and the Overseas Development Administration. The remainder is fundamental research supported by NERC. ITE's expertise is widely used by international organizations in overseas projects and programmes of research.
    [Show full text]
  • 2018 Bibliography of Taxonomic Literature
    Bibliography of taxonomic literature for marine and brackish water Fauna and Flora of the North East Atlantic. Compiled by: Tim Worsfold Reviewed by: David Hall, NMBAQCS Project Manager Edited by: Myles O'Reilly, Contract Manager, SEPA Contact: [email protected] APEM Ltd. Date of Issue: February 2018 Bibliography of taxonomic literature 2017/18 (Year 24) 1. Introduction 3 1.1 References for introduction 5 2. Identification literature for benthic invertebrates (by taxonomic group) 5 2.1 General 5 2.2 Protozoa 7 2.3 Porifera 7 2.4 Cnidaria 8 2.5 Entoprocta 13 2.6 Platyhelminthes 13 2.7 Gnathostomulida 16 2.8 Nemertea 16 2.9 Rotifera 17 2.10 Gastrotricha 18 2.11 Nematoda 18 2.12 Kinorhyncha 19 2.13 Loricifera 20 2.14 Echiura 20 2.15 Sipuncula 20 2.16 Priapulida 21 2.17 Annelida 22 2.18 Arthropoda 76 2.19 Tardigrada 117 2.20 Mollusca 118 2.21 Brachiopoda 141 2.22 Cycliophora 141 2.23 Phoronida 141 2.24 Bryozoa 141 2.25 Chaetognatha 144 2.26 Echinodermata 144 2.27 Hemichordata 146 2.28 Chordata 146 3. Identification literature for fish 148 4. Identification literature for marine zooplankton 151 4.1 General 151 4.2 Protozoa 152 NMBAQC Scheme – Bibliography of taxonomic literature 2 4.3 Cnidaria 153 4.4 Ctenophora 156 4.5 Nemertea 156 4.6 Rotifera 156 4.7 Annelida 157 4.8 Arthropoda 157 4.9 Mollusca 167 4.10 Phoronida 169 4.11 Bryozoa 169 4.12 Chaetognatha 169 4.13 Echinodermata 169 4.14 Hemichordata 169 4.15 Chordata 169 5.
    [Show full text]
  • 10Th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, University of Melbourne, February 1999
    10th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, University of Melbourne, February 1999 Additional Papers John A Lewis (Editor) Maritime Platforms Division Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory DSTO-GD-0287 ABSTRACT This volume contains nineteen papers from the 10th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, held at the University of Melbourne in Melbourne, Australia, in February 1999. The scope of the congress was to enhance scientific understanding of the processes and prevention of chemical and biological degradation of materials in the sea. Papers in this volume range across the themes of marine biofilms and bioadhesion, macrofouling processes and effects, methods for prevention of marine fouling, biocides in the marine environment, biodeterioration of wood in the sea, and marine corrosion. RELEASE LIMITATION Approved for public release Published by DSTO Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory 506 Lorimer St Fishermans Bend, Victoria 3207 Australia Telephone: (03) 9626 7000 Fax: (03) 9626 7999 © Commonwealth of Australia 2001 AR-011-880 May 2001 APPROVED FOR PUBLIC RELEASE 10th International Congress on Marine Corrosion and Fouling, University of Melbourne, February 1999 Additional Papers Executive Summary The fouling and corrosion of vessels and structures immersed in the sea continues to pose significant economic and operational costs to the owner. Fouling growth can interfere with the operation of submerged equipment, impose increased loading stresses and accelerate corrosion on marine structures, and adversely affect the performance of ships by increasing hydrodynamic drag, which necessitates the use of more power and fuel to move the ship through the water. Similarly, marine corrosion and biodegradation of materials can compromise the operation and structural integrity of vessels, structures and other immersed equipment.
    [Show full text]
  • Dixy Lee Ray, Marine Biology, and the Public Understanding of Science in the United States (1930-1970)
    AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERTATION OF Erik Ellis for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the History of Science presented on November 21. 2005. Title: Dixy Lee Ray. Marine Biology, and the Public Understanding of Science in the United States (1930-1970) Abstract approved: Redacted for Privacy This dissertation focuses on the life of Dixy Lee Ray as it examines important developments in marine biology and biological oceanography during the mid twentieth century. In addition, Ray's key involvement in the public understanding of science movement of the l950s and 1960s provides a larger social and cultural context for studying and analyzing scientists' motivations during the period of the early Cold War in the United States. The dissertation is informed throughout by the notion that science is a deeply embedded aspect of Western culture. To understand American science and society in the mid twentieth century it is instructive, then, to analyze individuals who were seen as influential and who reflected widely held cultural values at that time. Dixy Lee Ray was one of those individuals. Yet, instead of remaining a prominent and enduring figure in American history, she has disappeared rapidly from historical memory, and especially from the history of science. It is this very characteristic of reflecting her time, rather than possessing a timeless appeal, that makes Ray an effective historical guide into the recent past. Her career brings into focus some of the significant ways in which American science and society shifted over the course of the Cold War. Beginning with Ray's early life in West Coast society of the1920sandl930s, this study traces Ray's formal education, her entry into the professional ranks of marine biology and the crucial role she played in broadening the scope of biological oceanography in the early1960s.The dissertation then analyzes Ray's efforts in public science education, through educational television, at the science and technology themed Seattle World's Fair, and finally in her leadership of the Pacific Science Center.
    [Show full text]
  • ^^®Fe Ojiioxq © Springer-Verlag 1987
    Polar Biol (1987) 7:11-24 ^^®fe OJiioXq © Springer-Verlag 1987 On the Reproductive Biology of Ceratoserolis trilobitoides (Crustacea: Isopoda): Latitudinal Variation of Fecundity and Embryonic Development Johann-Wolfgang Wagele Arbeitsgruppe Zoomorphologie, Fachbereich 7, Universitat Oldenburg, Postfach 2503, D-2900 Oldenburg, Federal Republic of Germany Received 21 February 1986; accepted 1 July 1986 Summary. The embryonic development of Ceratoserolis Material and Methods trilobitoides (Crustacea: Isopoda) is described. It is estimated that breeding lasts nearly 2 years. In compari­ During the expedition "Antarktis III" of RVPolarstern several samples were taken in the area of the Antarctic Peninsula, South Shetlands, son with non-polar isopods 3 causes for the retardation South Orkneys and the Eastern and Southern Weddell Sea by means of of embryonic development are discussed: genetically an Agassiztrawl (localities with C trilobitoides: see Wagele, in press). fixed adaptations to the polar environment, the physio­ Females used for the study of latitudinal variations of fecundity and logical effect of temperature and the effect of egg size. egg size (Fig. 6) were collected from the following sites: 62°8.89'S The latter seems to be of minor importance. Intraspecific 58°0.46'W, 449 m (King George Island); 60°42.40'S 45°33.07'W, 86 m (Signy Island); 73°39.7'S 20°59.76'W, 100m (off Riiser-Larsen Ice variations of fecundity are found in populations from the Shelf, near Camp Norway); 72°30.35'S 17°29.88'W, 250 m (off Riiser- Weddell Sea, the largest eggs occur in the coldest region. Larsen Ice Shelf); 73°23.36'S 21°30.37'W, 470 m (off Riiser-Larsen Ice The distribution of physiological races corresponds to the Shelf);'^77°18.42'S 41°25.79'W, 650m (Gould Bay); 77°28.85'S distribution of morphotypes.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Resources Technical Report
    Appendix E: Biological Resources Technical Report Coast Seafoods Company Humboldt Bay Harbor District Draft EIR Appendices October 2015 Biological Resources Impact Analysis for Coast Seafoods Company, Humboldt Bay Shellfish Aquaculture: Permit Renewal and Expansion Project Prepared for: Coast Seafoods Company/Pacific Seafoods 25 Waterfront Drive Eureka, CA 95501 Attn: Greg Dale Authored by: Chris Cziesla, Marlene Meaders, Phil Bloch, Mike McDowell, Ruth Park, Grant Novak, and Kerrie McArthur Confluence Environmental Company October 23, 2015 146 N Canal St, Suite 111 • Seattle, WA 98103 • www.confenv.com Biological Resources Technical Report TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 Summary ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Overwater Structure ................................................................................................................... 2 1.2 Unstructured Habitat ................................................................................................................. 2 1.3 Eelgrass Habitat ......................................................................................................................... 3 1.4 Other Habitat Concerns .............................................................................................................. 3 1.5 Potential Impacts to Benthic Communities ................................................................................ 4 1.6 Special-Status Species and Commercially Important
    [Show full text]
  • Tardigrades Marins De Madagascar I. Halechiniscidae Et Batillipedidae
    Bull. Mus. nain. Hist, nat., Paris, 4e sér., 1, 1979. sedioli A, n° 1 : 257-277. Tardigrades marins de Madagascar I. Halechiniscidae et Batillipedidae par Jeanne RENAUD-MORNANT Résumé. — Les genres Aclinarctus, Florarctus, Halechiniscus et Styraconyx sont signalés pour la première fois dans l'océan Indien. Deux nouvelles espèces, Aclinarctus lyrophorus et Hale- chiniscus tuleari sont décrites. Les mâles des espèces de Florarctus cinctus et Fl. antillensis sont décrits. Les genres Pleocola et Batillipes sont signalés pour la première fois à Madagascar. Abstract. — First record of the genera Aclinarctus, Florarctus, Halechiniscus and Styraconyx in Indian Ocean. Two new species Aclinarctus lyrophorus and Halechiniscus tuleari are described. The males of Florarctus cinctus and Fl. antillensis species are described. The genera Pleocola and Batillipes are reported from Madagascar for the first time. INTRODUCTION Lors de l'étude de la distribution de la méiofaune et de la macrofaune des sables coral- liens du grand récif de Tuléar à Madagascar par THOMASSIN, VIVIER et VITIELLO, 1976, de nombreux Tardigrades furent récoltés à différentes stations de la radiale, établies dans la retenue d'eau épirécifale. Cette importante collection, rassemblée par B. THOMASSIN, m'a permis de déterminer plus de 300 Tardigrades de Madagascar, dont la faune de Tardigrades marins n'était connue que par la description du genre Parastygarclus Benaud-Debyser, 1965, d'après les récoltes de B. HIGGINS à Nosy-Komba. Les Tardigrades infralittoraux des sables coralliens n'ont été étudiés que de façon fragmentaire. Ce sont les travaux de RENAUD-DEBYSER (1959, 1963) sur les Bahamas, de RENAUD-MORNANT (1967) sur la Nouvelle-Calédonie, (1976) sur les Bermudes, (1976 a) sur la Polynésie, de RENAUD-MORNANT et SERÉNE (1967) surla Malaisie, de VAN DER LAND (1968) sur Curaçao, de RAO (1972) et de RAO et GANAPATI (1968) sur l'Inde, de POLLOCK (1975) sur les Bahamas et MCKIRDY, SCHMIDT et MCGINTY-BAYLY (1976) sur les Galapagos.
    [Show full text]
  • Curriculum Vitae: Professor Simon M. Cragg
    Curriculum Vitae: Professor Simon M. Cragg Institute of Marine Sciences School of Biological Sciences University of Portsmouth Ferry Road Portsmouth PO4 9LY, UK [email protected] https://www.port.ac.uk/about-us/structure-and-governance/our-people/our-staff/simon-cragg 1. Career and training 2014 to date: Professor of Marine Zoology, University of Portsmouth, Band 2 Professor since 2017 2009 to 2014: Reader in Zoology, University of Portsmouth 1997 to 2009: Principal Lecturer, University of Portsmouth 1990 to 1996: Principal Lecturer, Reader then Professor of Wood Science, Buckinghamshire College 1986 to 1990: Research Fellow, University of Portsmouth 1977 to 1985: Scientific Officer Class 2, 3 then 5, becoming Officer in Charge and Assistant Secretary (Utilisation), Department of Forests, Papua New Guinea 1972 to 1976: SRC studentship in NERC Unit of Marine Invertebrate Biology, Marine Science Laboratories, University of Wales, Bangor, PhD awarded 1976 1969 to 1972: BSc (Hons) Zoology with Marine Zoology, Bangor 1972 2. Research I am an invertebrate zoologist specialising in wood-boring bivalves and crustaceans, focusing on their unusual wood digestion processes, on the role of larvae in their life history strategies, on their role in carbon fluxes in mangrove ecosystems and on methods of controlling them. 2.1. Development of research interests From a sound background in marine biology obtained in the Menai Bridge Marine Laboratories, Anglesey, UK, under strong intellectual leaderships of two fellows of the Royal Society – professors Crisp and Fogg, I developed an enduring interest in the larvae of marine bivalves, which generated papers that continue to be cited.
    [Show full text]
  • The Isopod Crustacea of Fethiye Bay, Levantine Sea, Turkey
    NORTH-WESTERN JOURNAL OF ZOOLOGY 13 (2): 244-250 ©NwjZ, Oradea, Romania, 2017x Article No.: e161307 http://biozoojournals.ro/nwjz/index.html The Isopod Crustacea of Fethiye Bay, Levantine Sea, Turkey Fevzi KIRKIM1,*, Tahir ÖZCAN2, Kerem BAKIR1 and Tuncer KATAĞAN1 1. Department of Hydrobiology, Fisheries Faculty, Ege University, 35100 Bornova-Izmir, Turkey. 2. Department of Marine Sciences, Marine Sciences and Technology Faculty, İskenderun Technical University, 31200, Iskenderun, Hatay, Turkey. * Corresponding author, F. Kirkim, E-mail: [email protected], Tel. +902323111735, Fax. +902323883685 Received: 14. March 2015 / Accepted: 22. October 2016 / Available online: 11. November 2016 / Printed: December 2017 Abstract. Research surveys were conducted in a protection area between June and September 2008 along the coast of Fethiye Bay, Turkey. A total of 999 specimens of isopods belonging to 15 families and 41 species were captured at 82 localities with depths ranging between 0 and 30 m from various substrates. Of these, 25 species (Cleantis prismatica, Astacilla longicornis, Apanthura corsica, Jaera hopeana, Janira maculosa, J. nordmanni, Bopyrus squillarum, Cirolana cranchii, Eurydice affinis, Cymodoce emarginata, C. hanseni, C. tuberculata, C. spinosa, Dynamene bifida, D. edwardsi, D. magnitorata, Ischyromene lacazei, Lekanesphaera monodi, Sphaeroma walkeri, Joeropsis brevicornis littoralis, Limnoria lignorum, Paranthura nigropunctata, Synischia hectica, Stenosoma capito, Halophiloscia couchi) were new records from the Levantine Sea coast of Turkey. The most abundant species found in Fethiye Bay were Ligia italica, J. hopeana and J. maculosa. Key words: Isopod, Fethiye Bay, Levantine Sea, Turkey. Introductıon muddy) with qualitative (dredging, scuba diving, snor- kelling and hand picking) techniques (Fig. 1). Most of the Fethiye Bay is located in the Levantine coast of specimens were collected by hand.
    [Show full text]
  • (Isopoda: Limnoriidae) Established in European Coastal Waters
    Biogeography of Wood-Boring Crustaceans (Isopoda: Limnoriidae) Established in European Coastal Waters Luı´sa M. S. Borges1,2*, Lucas M. Merckelbach2, Simon M. Cragg1 1 Institute of Marine Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Portsmouth University, Eastney, Portsmouth, United Kingdom, 2 Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Centre for Material and Coastal Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1, Geesthacht, Germany Abstract Marine wood-borers of the Limnoriidae cause great destruction to wooden structures exposed in the marine environment. In this study we collated occurrence data obtained from field surveys, spanning over a period of 10 years, and from an extensive literature review. We aimed to determine which wood-boring limnoriid species are established in European coastal waters; to map their past and recent distribution in Europe in order to infer species range extension or contraction; to determine species environmental requirements using climatic envelopes. Of the six species of wood-boring Limnoria previously reported occurring in Europe, only Limnoria lignorum, L. quadripunctata and L. tripunctata are established in European coastal waters. L. carinata and L. tuberculata have uncertain established status, whereas L. borealis is not established in European waters. The species with the widest distribution in Europe is Limnoria lignorum, which is also the most tolerant species to a range of salinities. L. quadripunctata and L. tripunctata appear to be stenohaline. However, the present study shows that both L. quadripunctata and L. tripunctata are more widespread in Europe than previous reports suggested. Both species have been found occurring in Europe since they were described, and their increased distribution is probably the results of a range expansion.
    [Show full text]
  • Bering Sea Marine Invasive Species Assessment Alaska Center for Conservation Science
    Bering Sea Marine Invasive Species Assessment Alaska Center for Conservation Science Scientific Name: Limnoria tripunctata Phylum Arthropoda Common Name a wood-boring isopod Class Malacostraca Order Isopoda Family Limnoriidae Z:\GAP\NPRB Marine Invasives\NPRB_DB\SppMaps\LIMTRI.png 50 Final Rank 50.00 Data Deficiency: 2.50 Category Scores and Data Deficiencies Total Data Deficient Category Score Possible Points Distribution and Habitat: 18.25 30 0 Anthropogenic Influence: 6.75 10 0 Biological Characteristics: 19.25 30 0 Impacts: 4.5 28 2.50 Figure 1. Occurrence records for non-native species, and their geographic proximity to the Bering Sea. Ecoregions are based on the classification system by Spalding et al. (2007). Totals: 48.75 97.50 2.50 Occurrence record data source(s): NEMESIS and NAS databases. General Biological Information Tolerances and Thresholds Minimum Temperature (°C) 2 Minimum Salinity (ppt) 19 Maximum Temperature (°C) 30 Maximum Salinity (ppt) 50 Minimum Reproductive Temperature (°C) 15 Minimum Reproductive Salinity (ppt) 31* Maximum Reproductive Temperature (°C) 30 Maximum Reproductive Salinity (ppt) 35* Additional Notes Limnoria tripunctata is a small wood-boring isopod that is globally distributed. It is almost cylindrical in shape and adults are up to 3.4 mm long and white to pink in color. Distinguished from other species in the genus by the possession of three bumps on the telson that are visible under a dissecting microscope (Reish et al. 2015). Report updated on Wednesday, December 06, 2017 Page 1 of 15 1. Distribution and Habitat 1.1 Survival requirements - Water temperature Choice: Little overlap – A small area (<25%) of the Bering Sea has temperatures suitable for year-round survival Score: C 1.25 of 3.75 Ranking Rationale: Background Information: Temperatures required for year-round survival occur in a limited Lab experiments suggest a temperature range of 2°C to 30°C required area (<25%) of the Bering Sea.
    [Show full text]
  • A Comparison of Biodegradation Caused by Teredinidae (Mollusca
    A comparison of biodegradation caused by Teredinidae (Mollusca:Bivalvia), Limnoriidae (Crustacea:Isopoda), and C.terebans (Crustacea:Amphipoda) across 4 shipwreck sites in the English Channel Kim Y. Knighta, 1 Thomas A. Cousinsa,2 David Parhama,3 a Bournemouth University Maritime Archaeology Department, Fern Barrow, Poole, BH12 5BB, England. Abstract: The need to protect underwater cultural heritage from biodegradation is paramount, however with many sites needing funding and support, it is hard to prioritise, thus the ability to identify high risk sites is crucial to ensure resources are best placed. In doing so a clear understanding of environmental conditions acting upon a site and abundance and composition of species present is essential to this identification. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the rate of biodegradation on four underwater cultural heritage sites in different marine environments by placing a series of wooden test panels in direct contact with the exposed structure on the sites. Upon recovery, test panels were photographed, X-rayed, and wood boring and sessile fouling species were identified and counted. The damage attributed to each species was recorded with CAD software. Results indicated a significant difference between sites, with HMS Invincible having the highest abundance of marine wood borers and the highest rate of surface area and volume degradation; whilst vestigial evidence of marine wood borers was found on the London, it would appear the environmental conditions had significantly impeded their survival. The study indicated further factors such as sediment type and coverage, availability of wood and the proximity of other colonised sites were also determining factors controlling the abundance of marine wood borers and the rate of biodegradation.
    [Show full text]