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The Sangamonian Stage and the Laurentide Ice Sheet Le Sangamonien Et La Calotte Glaciaire Laurentidienne Die Sangamonische Zeit Und Die Laurentische Eisdecke Denis A

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The Sangamonian Stage and the Laurentide Ice Sheet Le Sangamonien Et La Calotte Glaciaire Laurentidienne Die Sangamonische Zeit Und Die Laurentische Eisdecke Denis A Document généré le 4 oct. 2021 02:19 Géographie physique et Quaternaire The Sangamonian Stage and the Laurentide Ice Sheet Le Sangamonien et la calotte glaciaire laurentidienne Die sangamonische Zeit und die laurentische Eisdecke Denis A. St-Onge La calotte glaciaire laurentidienne Résumé de l'article The Laurentide Ice Sheet La présente revue des travaux sur le Sangamonien (jusqu'à juin 1986) effectués Volume 41, numéro 2, 1987 dans des régions clés démontre qu'il n'y a pas encore de réponse satisfaisante à la question suivante: « À quel moment la glace, qui allait devenir la calotte URI : https://id.erudit.org/iderudit/032678ar glaciaire laurentidienne, a-t-elle commencer à s'accumuler? » Dans la plupart DOI : https://doi.org/10.7202/032678ar des régions, la séquence stratigraphique ne fait que signaler l'existence probable d'une période interglaciaire, sans toutefois permettre de déterminer le moment où la glace a commencé à s'accumuler après l'intervalle climatique Aller au sommaire du numéro chaud. Il existe toutefois quelques indices. Les sédiments d'un delta glaciolacustres de la Formation de Scarborough, dans la région de Toronto, et le Till de Bécancour, dans la région de Trois-Rivières, datent probablement du Éditeur(s) Sangamonien (sous-phases isotopiques marines 5d-b). Le Till d'Adam, dans les basses terres de la baie James, leur est probablement corrélatif. Dans les Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal régions atlantiques du Canada, en particulier à l'île du Cap-Breton, des restes de plantes indiquent que le climat au cours du Sangamonien moyen aurait été ISSN très semblable à celui de la période de 11 000 à 12 000 ans BP. À l'île de Baffin, 0705-7199 (imprimé) une transgression marine qui a eu lieu au Sangamonien moyen aurait pu être 1492-143X (numérique) le résultat d'une importante accumulation de glace dans la région. Ces diverses interprétations régionales témoignent d'une importante croissance des glaciers dans plusieurs régions du continent nord-américain au cours du Sangamonien. Découvrir la revue On ne peut toutefois pas préciser si ces accumulations de glace ont survécu à la période plus chaude qui a prévalu à la fin du Sangamonien pour ensuite s'intégrer à la calotte glaciaire laurentidienne. Citer cet article St-Onge, D. A. (1987). The Sangamonian Stage and the Laurentide Ice Sheet. Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 41(2), 189–198. https://doi.org/10.7202/032678ar Tous droits réservés © Les Presses de l'Université de Montréal, 1987 Ce document est protégé par la loi sur le droit d’auteur. L’utilisation des services d’Érudit (y compris la reproduction) est assujettie à sa politique d’utilisation que vous pouvez consulter en ligne. https://apropos.erudit.org/fr/usagers/politique-dutilisation/ Cet article est diffusé et préservé par Érudit. Érudit est un consortium interuniversitaire sans but lucratif composé de l’Université de Montréal, l’Université Laval et l’Université du Québec à Montréal. Il a pour mission la promotion et la valorisation de la recherche. https://www.erudit.org/fr/ Géographie physique et Quaternaire, 1987, vol. XLI, n° 2, p. 189-198, 3 fig. THE SANGAMONIAN STAGE AND THE LAURENTIDE ICE SHEET* Denis A. ST-ONGE, Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario K1A 0E8. ABSTRACT This review of the most recent RÉSUMÉ Le Sangamonien et la calotte ZUSAMMENFASSUNG Die sangamon- studies (up to June 1986) dealing with the glaciaire laurentidienne. La présente revue ische Zeit und die laurentische Eisdecke. Sangamonian in some key areas clearly in­ des travaux sur le Sangamonien (jusqu'à juin Dieser Ùberblick ùber die neuesten Studien dicates that, as yet, there is no definitive an­ 1986) effectués dans des régions clés dé­ (bis Juni 1986) zur sangamonischen Zeit in swer to the question : "When did the ice which montre qu'il n'y a pas encore de réponse einigen Schlùsselgebieten zeigt deutlich, dap eventually became the Laurentide Ice Sheet satisfaisante à la question suivante: «À quel es bis heute keine endgùltige Antwort auf die begin to accumulate?" In most areas the moment la glace, qui allait devenir la calotte Frage gibt: "Wann begann sich das Eis an- stratigraphie record simply identifies a prob­ glaciaire laurentidienne, a-t-elle commencer zuhàufen, das schlieBlich zur laurentischen able interglacial period; the record yields no à s'accumuler?» Dans la plupart des régions, Eisdecke wurde?" In den meisten Gebieten information on when ice growth may have la séquence stratigraphique ne fait que si­ zeugen die stratigraphischen Spuren von ei- started following that warm climatic interval. gnaler l'existence probable d'une période in­ nem wahrscheinlichen interglazialen Zeit- However the deltaic glacial lake sediments terglaciaire, sans toutefois permettre de abschnitt; die Spuren geben keine Auskunft of the Scarborough Formation in the Toronto déterminer le moment où la glace a com­ darùber, wann der Eiswuchs nach diesem area and the Bécancour Till in the Trois- mencé à s'accumuler après l'intervalle clima­ warmen klimatischen Zwischenspiel begon- Rivières area are thought to possibly date tique chaud. Il existe toutefois quelques nen haben mag. Die Sedimente der delta- from the Sangamonian (marine isotope sub- indices. Les sédiments d'un delta glaciola- fôrmigen Eis-Seen der Scarborough- stages 5d-b). The Adam Till in the James custres de la Formation de Scarborough, dans Formation in der Gegend von Toronto und Bay Lowland may be correlative. In Atlantic la région de Toronto, et le Till de Bécancour, die Bécancour-Grundmoràne in der Gegend Canada, mostly in Cape Breton Island, plant dans la région de Trois-Rivières, datent von Trois-Rivières stammen vermutlich beide fossils suggest a mid-Sangamonian climate probablement du Sangamonien (sous-phases aus der sangamonischen Phase (Meeres- roughly comparable to that which prevailed isotopiques marines 5d-b). Le Till d'Adam, lsotopische Unterstadien 5d-b). Die Adam- 11-12 ka ago. On Baffin Island a marine dans les basses terres de la baie James, leur Grundmoràne im James-Bay-Tiefland hângt transgression of mid-Sangamonian age is est probablement corrélatif. Dans les régions damit môglicherweise zusammen. In Ost- thought to result from important ice accu­ atlantiques du Canada, en particulier à l'île Kanada, vor allem auf der Cap-Breton-Insel, mulation in the area. These stratigraphie du Cap-Breton, des restes de plantes indi­ legen Pflanzen-Fossilien nahe, daB dort ein interpretations suggest significant glacier ex­ quent que le climat au cours du Sangamonien Klima der mittleren sangamonischen Phase pansion in several areas of the North American moyen aurait été très semblable à celui de herrschte, das dem von vor 11 bis 12 ka un- continent during part of the Sangamonian la période de 11 000 à 12 000 ans BP. À l'île gefâhr glich. Auf der Baffin-lnsel halt man die Stage. Whether or not any of this ice survived de Baffin, une transgression marine qui a eu Ufer-Bewegung in der sangamonischen Zeit a warmer climate period near the end of the lieu au Sangamonien moyen aurait pu être fur die Auswirkung groBer Eisanhàufung in Sangamonian to become part of the Lauren- le résultat d'une importante accumulation de der Gegend. Dièse Deutungen der Stratigra­ tide Ice Sheet is a matter of speculation. glace dans la région. Ces diverses interpré­ phie legen eine umfangreiche Gletscher- tations régionales témoignent d'une impor­ Ausdehnung in mehreren Gegenden des tante croissance des glaciers dans plusieurs nordamerikanischen Kontinents wàhrend régions du continent nord-américain au cours eines Teils der sangamonischen Zeit nahe. du Sangamonien. On ne peut toutefois pas Ob Teile dieses Eises eine wàrmere Phase préciser si ces accumulations de glace ont gegen Ende der sangamonischen Zeit ùber- survécu à la période plus chaude qui a prévalu dauerten, um ein Teil der laurentischen Eis­ à la fin du Sangamonien pour ensuite s'in­ decke zu werden, Oder ob dies nient der Fall tégrer à la calotte glaciaire laurentidienne. war, bleibt often. * Geological Survey of Canada Contribution 33286 190 D. A. ST-ONGE INTRODUCTION of Canada (FULTON, 1984). Although in the general summary Quaternary stratigraphy at the beginning of that book the In order to properly discuss the temporal aspects of the Sangamonian Stage is defined as corresponding to "the limits development and decay of the Laurentide Ice Sheet it is of oxygen isotope stage 5" (p. 3), several authors take the important to identify when ice which resulted in the Laurentide more restricted view that the Sangamonian Stage corresponds Ice Sheet started to grow. This necessitates studying the to marine isotope stage 5e, 128 to approximately 120 ka (see stratigraphie record of the Sangamonian Stage, the time stra- Canadian Prairies chart, FENTON, 1984, p. 62; Hudson Bay tigraphical unit which includes the interglaciation which pre­ Lowland chart, SHILTS, 1984, p. 122; Arctic correlation dia­ ceded the Wisconsin Glaciation, to determine when and where gram, ANDREWS et a/., 1984, p. 130; Great Lakes-St. Law­ Laurentide Ice Sheet build up started. rence region chart, KARROW, 1984, p. 146). It would seem that this restricted view is adopted by some because the As will be seen, the information available is often meagre, marine isotopic record indicates the presence of moderately and because of a lack of reliable dating techniques, is highly extensive glacier ice during the period 120 ka to 85 ka (5b- speculative. Much more work is required before lithostrati- c-d). The significant point in this discussion however is not graphic units can be assigned to the Sangamonian Stage whether ice buildup occurred during stage 5 but whether or with confidence. Whether or not glaciogenic sediments of not any significant amount survived beyond stage 5 into the presumed Sangamonian age were deposited by glaciers which Early Wisconsinan Substage.
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