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Annotated Table of Contents Links Join SIGAI
AI MATTERS, VOLUME 4, ISSUE 4 4(4) 2018 AI Matters Annotated Table of Contents AI Ethics Education Welcome to AI Matters 4(4) AI Policy Matters Amy McGovern, co-editor & Iolanda Larry Medsker Leite, co-editor Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299765 Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299759 Welcome and summary TAI Policy Matters Call for Proposals: Artificial Intelli- Epochs of an AI Cosmology gence Activities Fund Cameron Hughes & Tracey Hughes Sven Koenig, Sanmay Das, Rosemary Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299868 Paradis, Michael Rovatsos & Nicholas AI Cosmology Mattei Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299760 Artificial Intelligence and Jobs of the Artificial Intelligence Activities Fund Future: Adaptability Is Key for Hu- man Evolution AI Profiles: An Interview with Iolanda Sudarshan Sreeram Leite Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3300060 Marion Neumann AI and Jobs of the Future Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299761 Interview with Iolanda Leite Links Events SIGAI website: http://sigai.acm.org/ Michael Rovatsos Newsletter: http://sigai.acm.org/aimatters/ Blog: http://sigai.acm.org/ai-matters/ Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299762 Twitter: http://twitter.com/acm sigai/ Upcoming AI events Edition DOI: 10.1145/3284751 Conference Reports Join SIGAI Michael Rovatsos Full article: http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/3299758.3299763 Students $11, others $25 For details, see http://sigai.acm.org/ Conference Reports Benefits: regular, student Also consider joining ACM. AI Education Matters: A Modular Ap- proach to AI Ethics Education Our mailing list is open to all. -
17. Idealism, Or Something Near Enough Susan Schneider (In
17. Idealism, or Something Near Enough Susan Schneider (In Pearce and Goldsmidt, OUP, in press.) Some observations: 1. Mathematical entities do not come for free. There is a field, philosophy of mathematics, and it studies their nature. In this domain, many theories of the nature of mathematical entities require ontological commitments (e.g., Platonism). 2. Fundamental physics (e.g., string theory, quantum mechanics) is highly mathematical. Mathematical entities purport to be abstract—they purport to be non-spatial, atemporal, immutable, acausal and non-mental. (Whether they truly are abstract is a matter of debate, of course.) 3. Physicalism, to a first approximation, holds that everything is physical, or is composed of physical entities. 1 As such, physicalism is a metaphysical hypothesis about the fundamental nature of reality. In Section 1 of this paper, I urge that it is reasonable to ask the physicalist to inquire into the nature of mathematical entities, for they are doing heavy lifting in the physicalist’s approach, describing and identifying the fundamental physical entities that everything that exists is said to reduce to (supervene on, etc.). I then ask whether the physicalist in fact has the resources to provide a satisfying account of the nature of these mathematical entities, given existing work in philosophy of mathematics on nominalism and Platonism that she would likely draw from. And the answer will be: she does not. I then argue that this deflates the physicalist program, in significant ways: physicalism lacks the traditional advantages of being the most economical theory, and having a superior story about mental causation, relative to competing theories. -
Comment Attachment
Nuriel Moghavem, MD University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA [email protected] Victor W. Henderson, MD Stanford University, Stanford, CA Michael D. Greicius, MD, MPH Stanford University, Stanford, CA Disclosure: Dr. Greicius is a co-founder and share-holder of SBGneuro Chrysa Cheronis, MD Stanford University Medical Center, Palo Alto, CA Wesley Kerr, MD, PhD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Alberto Espay, MD University of Cincinnati Academic Health Center, Cincinnati, OH Daniel O. Claassen MD Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Bruce T. Adornato MD Adjunct Clinical Professor of Neurology, Palo Alto, CA Roger L. Albin, MD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI R. Ryan Darby, MD Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Graham Garrison, MD University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio Lina Chervak, MD University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH Abhimanyu Mahajan, MD, MHS Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL Richard Mayeux, MD Columbia University, New York, NY Lon Schneider MD Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CAv Sami Barmada, MD PhD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI Evan Seevak, MD Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA Will Mantyh MD University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN Bryan M. Spann, DO, PhD Consultant, Cognitive and Neurobehavior Disorders, Scottsdale, AZ Kevin Duque, MD University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH Lealani Mae Acosta, MD, MPH Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Marie Adachi, MD Alameda Health System, Oakland, CA Marina Martin, MD, MPH Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA Matthew Schrag MD, PhD Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN Matthew L. Flaherty, MD University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH Stephanie Reyes, MD Durham, NC Hani Kushlaf, MD University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH David B Clifford, MD Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, Missouri Marc Diamond, MD UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX Disclosure: Dr. -
Descriptive AI Ethics: Collecting and Understanding the Public Opinion
Descriptive AI Ethics: Collecting and Understanding the Public Opinion GABRIEL LIMA, School of Computing, KAIST and Data Science Group, IBS, Republic of Korea MEEYOUNG CHA, Data Science Group, IBS and School of Computing, KAIST, Republic of Korea There is a growing need for data-driven research efforts on how the public perceives the ethical, moral, and legal issues of autonomous AI systems. The current debate on the responsibility gap posed by these systems is one such example. This work proposes a mixed AI ethics model that allows normative and descriptive research to complement each other, by aiding scholarly discussion with data gathered from the public. We discuss its implications on bridging the gap between optimistic and pessimistic views towards AI systems’ deployment. 1 INTRODUCTION In light of the significant changes artificial intelligence (AI) systems bring to society, many scholars discuss whether and how their influence can be positive and negative [21]. As we start to encounter AI systems in various morally and legally salient environments, some have begun to explore how the current responsibility ascription practices might be adapted to meet such new technologies [19, 33]. A critical viewpoint today is that autonomous and self-learning AI systems pose a so-called responsibility gap [27]. These systems’ autonomy challenges human control over them [13], while their adaptability leads to unpredictability. Hence, it might infeasible to trace back responsibility to a specific entity if these systems cause any harm. Considering responsibility practices as the adoption of certain attitudes towards an agent [40], scholarly work has also posed the question of whether AI systems are appropriate subjects of such practices [15, 29, 37] — e.g., they might “have a body to kick,” yet they “have no soul to damn” [4]. -
[Front Matter]
Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2017 29-30 November 2017| Vancouver, Canada About the Conference IEEE Technically Sponsored Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2017 is a second research conference in the series. This conference is a part of SAI conferences being held since 2013. The conference series has featured keynote talks, special sessions, poster presentation, tutorials, workshops, and contributed papers each year. The goal of the conference is to be a world's pre-eminent forum for reporting technological breakthroughs in the areas of Computing, Electronics, AI, Robotics, Security and Communications. FTC 2017 is held at Pan Pacific Hotel Vancouver. The Pan Pacific luxury Vancouver hotel in British Columbia, Canada is situated on the downtown waterfront of this vibrant metropolis, with some of the city’s top business venues and tourist attractions including Flyover Canada and Gastown, the Vancouver Convention Centre, Cruise Ship Terminal as well as popular shopping and entertainment districts just minutes away. Pan Pacific Hotel Vancouver has great meeting rooms with new designs. We chose it for the conference because it’s got plenty of space, serves great food and is 100% accessible. Venue Name: Pan Pacific Hotel Vancouver Address: Suite 300-999 Canada Place, Vancouver, British Columbia V6C 3B5, Canada Tel: +1 604-662-8111 3 | P a g e Future Technologies Conference (FTC) 2017 29-30 November 2017| Vancouver, Canada Preface FTC 2017 is a recognized event and provides a valuable platform for individuals to present their research findings, display their work in progress and discuss conceptual advances in areas of computer science and engineering, Electrical Engineering and IT related disciplines. -
The Anti-Social System Properties: Bitcoin Network Data Analysis Israa Alqassem, Iyad Rahwan, and Davor Svetinovic , Senior Member, IEEE
IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SYSTEMS, MAN, AND CYBERNETICS: SYSTEMS, VOL. 50, NO. 1, JANUARY 2020 21 The Anti-Social System Properties: Bitcoin Network Data Analysis Israa Alqassem, Iyad Rahwan, and Davor Svetinovic , Senior Member, IEEE Abstract—Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency and a decentralized public and private keys [2]. The process of creating new coins semi-anonymous peer-to-peer payment system in which the trans- in the system is called mining. The mining process is computa- actions are verified by network nodes and recorded in a public tionally expensive. Any node connected to the Bitcoin network massively replicated ledger called the blockchain. Bitcoin is cur- rently considered as one of the most disruptive technologies. can participate in Bitcoin mining either as a part of a group Bitcoin represents a paradox of opposing forces. On one hand, it of miners (called mining pool) or individually. In pooled min- is fundamentally social, allowing people to transact in a peer-to- ing, the generated coins are shared based on each member’s peer manner to create and exchange value. On the other hand, contributed computational power. Bitcoin’s core design philosophy and user base contain strong Many commentators liken Bitcoin’s present state to the early anti-social elements and constraints, emphasizing anonymity, pri- vacy, and subversion of traditional centralized financial systems. days of the Internet, and suggest that its technology will tran- We believe that the success of Bitcoin, and the financial ecosystem scend financial transactions to encompass all kinds of new built around it, will likely rely on achieving an optimal balance social transactions. -
Annual Report
ANNUAL REPORT 2019FISCAL YEAR ACM, the Association for Computing Machinery, is an international scientific and educational organization dedicated to advancing the arts, sciences, and applications of information technology. Letter from the President It’s been quite an eventful year and challenges posed by evolving technology. for ACM. While this annual Education has always been at the foundation of exercise allows us a moment ACM, as reflected in two recent curriculum efforts. First, “ACM’s mission to celebrate some of the many the ACM Task Force on Data Science issued “Comput- hinges on successes and achievements ing Competencies for Undergraduate Data Science Cur- creating a the Association has realized ricula.” The guidelines lay out the computing-specific over the past year, it is also an competencies that should be included when other community that opportunity to focus on new academic departments offer programs in data science encompasses and innovative ways to ensure at the undergraduate level. Second, building on the all who work in ACM remains a vibrant global success of our recent guidelines for 4-year cybersecu- the computing resource for the computing community. rity curricula, the ACM Committee for Computing Edu- ACM’s mission hinges on creating a community cation in Community Colleges created a related cur- and technology that encompasses all who work in the computing and riculum targeted at two-year programs, “Cybersecurity arena” technology arena. This year, ACM established a new Di- Curricular Guidance for Associate-Degree Programs.” versity and Inclusion Council to identify ways to create The following pages offer a sampling of the many environments that are welcoming to new perspectives ACM events and accomplishments that occurred over and will attract an even broader membership from the past fiscal year, none of which would have been around the world. -
Letters to the Editor
Articles Letters to the Editor Research Priorities for is a product of human intelligence; we puter scientists, innovators, entrepre - cannot predict what we might achieve neurs, statisti cians, journalists, engi - Robust and Beneficial when this intelligence is magnified by neers, authors, professors, teachers, stu - Artificial Intelligence: the tools AI may provide, but the eradi - dents, CEOs, economists, developers, An Open Letter cation of disease and poverty are not philosophers, artists, futurists, physi - unfathomable. Because of the great cists, filmmakers, health-care profes - rtificial intelligence (AI) research potential of AI, it is important to sionals, research analysts, and members Ahas explored a variety of problems research how to reap its benefits while of many other fields. The earliest signa - and approaches since its inception, but avoiding potential pitfalls. tories follow, reproduced in order and as for the last 20 years or so has been The progress in AI research makes it they signed. For the complete list, see focused on the problems surrounding timely to focus research not only on tinyurl.com/ailetter. - ed. the construction of intelligent agents making AI more capable, but also on Stuart Russell, Berkeley, Professor of Com - — systems that perceive and act in maximizing the societal benefit of AI. puter Science, director of the Center for some environment. In this context, Such considerations motivated the “intelligence” is related to statistical Intelligent Systems, and coauthor of the AAAI 2008–09 Presidential Panel on standard textbook Artificial Intelligence: a and economic notions of rationality — Long-Term AI Futures and other proj - Modern Approach colloquially, the ability to make good ects on AI impacts, and constitute a sig - Tom Dietterich, Oregon State, President of decisions, plans, or inferences. -
Iyad Rahwan Course Through Various Cultural and Institutional Innovations, Humans Became the Description Most Successful Cooperative Species on Earth
Course Syllabus Program and Media Arts and Sciences Course Code MAS.S63 Course Title Cooperation Machines Credit Hours 12 Instructor Iyad Rahwan Course Through various cultural and institutional innovations, humans became the Description most successful cooperative species on earth. This course explores models and mechanisms of cooperation from a variety of disciplines: from behavioral economics and political science, to mathematical biology and artificial intelligence. Emphasis will be on: (1) the use of mathematical and computational techniques, from evolutionary game theory, to model cooperation mechanisms in nature and society; (2) the use of experiments and data analytics to understand cooperation phenomena using real behavioral data. We will then linK the phenomenon of cooperation to design features of social media and artificial intelligence systems. First, students obtain proficiency in the mathematical and computational modeling of cooperation and supporting mechanisms (around 25% of the course). Students will then read recent papers published in this area and present them in class, with topics rotating in each offering. Students will also be required to complete a major project, which involves substantial use of mathematical modeling combined with computational simulation or data analysis (e.g. from simulation or lab experiments), and writing up the results in a short article. Enrollment Enrollment in this course will be limited to 15 students, to facilitate seminar- style discussion of papers. Preference will be given to students with a strong technical bacKground. Pre-requisites Students are assumed to have a strong foundation in introductory statistics and probability, computer programming, and mathematical modeling. This will be required to read the papers at a sufficiently technical level. -
Living in a Matrix, She Thinks to Herself
y most accounts, Susan Schneider lives a pretty normal life. BAn assistant professor of LIVING IN philosophy, she teaches classes, writes academic papers and A MATrix travels occasionally to speak at a philosophy or science lecture. At home, she shuttles her daughter to play dates, cooks dinner A PHILOSOPHY and goes mountain biking. ProfESSor’S LifE in Then suddenly, right in the middle of this ordinary American A WEB OF QUESTIONS existence, it happens. Maybe we’re all living in a Matrix, she thinks to herself. It’s like in the by Peter Nichols movie when the question, What is the Matrix? keeps popping up on Neo’s computer screen and sets him to wondering. Schneider starts considering all the what-ifs and the maybes that now pop up all around her. Maybe the warm sun on my face, the trees swishing by and the car I’m driving down the road are actually code streaming through the circuits of a great computer. What if this world, which feels so compellingly real, is only a simulation thrown up by a complex and clever computer game? If I’m in it, how could I even know? What if my real- seeming self is nothing more than an algorithm on a computational network? What if everything is a computer-generated dream world – a momentary assemblage of information clicking and switching and running away on a grid laid down by some advanced but unknown intelligence? It’s like that time, after earning an economics degree as an undergrad at Berkeley, she suddenly switched to philosophy. -
Machine Behaviour Iyad Rahwan1,2,3,34*, Manuel Cebrian1,34, Nick Obradovich1,34, Josh Bongard4, Jean-François Bonnefon5, Cynthia Breazeal1, Jacob W
REVIEW https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-019-1138-y Machine behaviour Iyad Rahwan1,2,3,34*, Manuel Cebrian1,34, Nick Obradovich1,34, Josh Bongard4, Jean-François Bonnefon5, Cynthia Breazeal1, Jacob W. Crandall6, Nicholas A. Christakis7,8,9,10, Iain D. Couzin11,12,13, Matthew O. Jackson14,15,16, Nicholas R. Jennings17,18, Ece Kamar19, Isabel M. Kloumann20, Hugo Larochelle21, David Lazer22,23,24, Richard McElreath25,26, Alan Mislove27, David C. Parkes28,29, Alex ‘Sandy’ Pentland1, Margaret E. Roberts30, Azim Shariff31, Joshua B. Tenenbaum32 & Michael Wellman33 Machines powered by artificial intelligence increasingly mediate our social, cultural, economic and political interactions. Understanding the behaviour of artificial intelligence systems is essential to our ability to control their actions, reap their benefits and minimize their harms. Here we argue that this necessitates a broad scientific research agenda to study machine behaviour that incorporates and expands upon the discipline of computer science and includes insights from across the sciences. We first outline a set of questions that are fundamental to this emerging field and then explore the technical, legal and institutional constraints on the study of machine behaviour. n his landmark 1969 book Sciences of the Artificial1, which individuals to target in advertising campaigns Nobel Laureate Herbert Simon wrote: “Natural on social media. I science is knowledge about natural objects and These AI agents have the potential to augment phenomena. We ask whether there cannot also be human welfare and well-being in many ways. Indeed, ‘artificial’ science—knowledge about artificial objects that is typically the vision of their creators. But a and phenomena.” In line with Simon’s vision, we describe the emergence broader consideration of the behaviour of AI agents is now critical. -
AAAI-16 / IAAI-16 / EAAI-16 Program
Thirtieth AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence Twenty-Eighth Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence The Sixth Symposium on Educational Advances in AI AAAI-16 / IAAI-16 / EAAI-16 Program February 12–17, 2016 Phoenix Convention Center / Hyatt Regency Phoenix Phoenix, Arizona, USA Sponsored by the Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence Cosponsored by AI Journal, the National Science Foundation, Baidu, IBM Research, Infosys, Lionbridge, Microsoft Research, Disney Research, University of Southern California/Information Sciences Institute, Yahoo Labs!, ACM/SIGAI, CRA Computing Community Consortium (CCC), and David E. Smith MORNING AFTERNOON EVENING (AFTER 5:00 PM) Friday, February 12 Tutorial Forum Tutorial Forum Student Welcome Reception Workshops Workshops AAAI/SIGAI DC AAAI/SIGAI DC Saturday, February 13 Tutorial Forum Tutorial Forum Speed Dating Workshops Workshops Opening Reception AAAI/SIGAI DC AAAI/SIGAI DC EAAI EAAI Open House Invited Talks Open House Robotics Exhibits Robotics Exhibits Sunday, February 14 AAAI / IAAI Welcome / AAAI Awards Lunch with a Fellow Presidential Address: Dietterich IAAI Invited Talk: Rao AAAI Invited Talk: Krause AAAI / IAAI Technical Program AAAI / IAAI Technical Program AI Job Fair Classic Paper/Robotics Talks What’s Hot Talks / Robotics Talks Poster / Demo Session 1 EAAI EAAI Fellows Dinner Robotics/Vendor Exhibits Robotics/Vendor Exhibits Video Competition Viewing Video Competition Viewing Monday, February 15 Women’s Mentoring Breakfast AAAI Invited Talk: