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Analysis of the Dynamic Relationship Between the Emergence Of
Annals of Business Administrative Science 8 (2009) 21–42 Online ISSN 1347-4456 Print ISSN 1347-4464 Available at www.gbrc.jp ©2009 Global Business Research Center Analysis of the Dynamic Relationship between the Emergence of Independent Chinese Automobile Manufacturers and International Technology Transfer in China’s Auto Industry Zejian LI Manufacturing Management Research Center Faculty of Economics, the University of Tokyo E-mail: [email protected] Abstract: This paper examines the relationship between the emergence of independent Chinese automobile manufacturers (ICAMs) and International Technology Transfer. Many scholars indicate that the use of outside supplies is the sole reason for the high-speed growth of ICAMs. However, it is necessary to outline the reasons and factors that might contribute to the process at the company-level. This paper is based on the organizational view. It examines and clarifies the internal dynamics of the ICAMs from a historical perspective. The paper explores the role that international technology transfer has played in the emergence of ICAMs. In conclusion, it is clear that due to direct or indirect spillover from joint ventures, ICAMs were able to autonomously construct the necessary core competitive abilities. Keywords: marketing, international business, multinational corporations (MNCs), technology transfer, Chinese automobile industry but progressive emergence of independent Chinese 1. Introduction automobile manufacturers (ICAMs). It will also The purpose of this study is to investigate -
Alixpartners Automotive Electrification Index Second Quarter 2017 ALIXPARTNERS AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRIFICATION INDEX Alixpartners Automotive Electrification Index E-Range
AlixPartners Automotive Electrification Index Second Quarter 2017 ALIXPARTNERS AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRIFICATION INDEX AlixPartners Automotive Electrification Index e-range • By automaker, segment, region, and country E-RANGE = • Note: e-range does not include range from internal-combustion- engine (ICE) sources in plug-in hybrids—only the battery range Sum of electric is included range of all electric • The e-range attempts to rank the electrically driven range, and vehicles (EV) sold as such, does not include non-plug-in hybrids (HEVs) such as the standard Toyota Prius 2 ALIXPARTNERS AUTOMOTIVE ELECTRIFICATION INDEX AlixPartners Automotive Electrification Index ICE-vehicle equivalent market share • By automaker, segment, region, and country Using e-range data, • Full-ICE-equivalent EVs are defined as the electric range of the we can calculate an vehicle sold divided by 311 miles (500 km) ICE-vehicle • Note: to make the EV equivalent to an internal combustion engine equivalent vehicle (ICE), the 311-mile (500-km) range approximates an market share equivalent range between fill-ups for ICE vehicles. Dividing by this factor results in a more illuminating view of overall electrification, Total number of as it counts vehicles with high-electric ranges as full alternatives full-ICE-equivalent- to ICE vehicles and discounts small range city cars or compliance range EVs sold vehicles Total number of • Note: range of the ICE vehicles are not normalized to 311 miles (500 km)—each ICE unit sold is counted as a full vehicle vehicles sold (EV and ICE) 3 -
Products Catalogue
XHORSE PRODUCTS Xhorse Electronics www.xhorse.com CATALOGUE 2019 . 01 ANNUAL PRODUCT Xhorse Electronics www.xhorse.com MANUAL 2019.01 ANNUAL PRODUCT MANUAL Xhorse Electronics 2019.01 www.xhorse.com Xhorse Product Catalogue CONDOR DOLPHIN VVDI I Introduction II III V Key Cutting Machine Series Key Cutting Machine Series Universal Remote Series DOLPHIN XP-005 Company Introduction CONDOR XC-MINI Plus 39 71 VVDI KEY TOOL 03 07 (Automatic Key Cutting machine) (Automatic Key Cutting machine) DOLPHIN XP-007 74 MINI KEY TOOL Patent and software copyright 23 CONDOR XC-002 44 04 (Automatic Key Cutting machine) certificates (Manual Key Cutting machine) 77 Wireless Remote 29 CONDOR XC-003 (Manual Key Cutting machine) 78 Smarty Remote IV VVDI Series 33 CONDOR XC-008 80 Wireless Remote (Manual Key Cutting machine) 47 VVDI 2 35 CONDOR XC-009 85 Wire Remote (Manual Key Cutting machine) 51 VVDI MB TOOL 92 Garage Remote 53 VVDI BMW 95 Renew Adapter 59 VVDI PROG VI Other Product Series 105 Frequency tester 106 VVDI RKE BOX 107 46、4D、48 transponder 02 Company Introduction Certificate Patent and Software Copyright Certificates Xhorse Electronics Co., Ltd. Xhorse Electronics Co., Ltd. is a specialized company which was founded in 2010 with the aim to develop products and services based on intelligent market research and development. It is the leading brand in the automobile security industry. Xhorse has a complete system of independent Certificate NO:26918Q00142R0M Thisistocertifythat Shenzhen Xhorse Electronics Co.,Ltd. intellectual property rights and it is dedicated to providing security products and solutions Unified social credit code: 91440300553867739G Address:2009-2011,Changhong Science and Technology Building, Science Park South Twelfth Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China Hasbeenauditedto conformto thefollowingQualitymanagementsystem worldwide. -
68 DIÁRIO OFICIAL Nº 33769 Sexta-Feira, 28 DE
68 DIÁRIO OFICIAL Nº 33769 Sexta-feira, 28 DE DEZEMBRO DE 2018 5932 106701 I/CADILLAC SEVILLE STS G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5933 216311 I/CADILLAC SRX G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 3.286,00 2.929,00 2.856,00 2.832,00 2.431,00 0,00 2.347,00 2.111,00 1.959,00 5934 216326 I/CADILLAC SRX AWD G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 4.576,00 3.896,00 3.620,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5935 216330 I/CADILLAC SRX AWD T PRE G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 3.827,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5936 216335 I/CADILLAC SRX CROSSOVER G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 3.349,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5937 216322 I/CADILLAC SRX FWD G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 4.568,00 0,00 0,00 2.808,00 0,00 2.598,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5938 216324 I/CADILLAC SRX LUXURY G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 3.967,00 3.529,00 3.379,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5939 216328 I/CADILLAC SRX PREMI AWD G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 2.965,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5940 216327 I/CADILLAC SRX PREMIUM G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 4.955,00 4.676,00 4.457,00 3.930,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5941 216325 I/CADILLAC SRX4 G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 4.475,00 4.072,00 3.884,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5942 106712 I/CADILLAC STS G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 971,00 0,00 5943 106716 I/CADILLAC XLR CONV G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 4.468,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 5944 149589 I/CADILLAC XTS LUXURY G 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 0,00 7.042,00 -
2009-Mmrc-269
MMRC DISCUSSION PAPER SERIES No. 269 The Role of International Technology Transfer in the Chinese Automotive Industry Zejian Li, Ph.D. Project Research Associate Manufacturing Management Research Center (MMRC) Faculty of Economics, THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO July 2009 東京大学ものづくり経営研究センター Manufacturing Management Research Center (MMRC) Discussion papers are in draft form distributed for purposes of comment and discussion. Contact the author for permission when reproducing or citing any part of this paper. Copyright is held by the author. http://merc.e.u-tokyo.ac.jp/mmrc/dp/index.html The Role of International Technology Transfer in the Chinese Automotive Industry Zejian Li, Ph.D. (E-mail: [email protected]) Project Research Associate Manufacturing Management Research Center (MMRC) Faculty of Economics, THE UNIVERSITY OF TOKYO May 2009 Abstract The so called Independent Chinese Automobile Manufacturers (ICAMs), such as CHERY, Geely and BYD, emerged at the end of 1990's as new entrants to Chinese passenger vehicle market and have achieved remarkable growth. The phenomenon of these autonomous Chinese Automakers is drawing increasing attention not only from academia but also from business and government circles. This paper attempts to clarify the relationship between emergence of ICAMs and International Technology Transfer. Many scholars indicate the use of outside supplies (of engines and other key-parts), as a sole reason for high-speed growth of ICAMs. However, the internal approach, at a level of how companies act, is also necessary to outline all the reasons and factors that might contribute to the process. This paper, based on organizational view, starts from historical perspective and clarifies the internal dynamics of the ICAMs. -
Disgnostic List SERVICE RESET V7.90
Disgnostic List SERVICE RESET_v7.90 Remark: 1.√: means that the system has this function 2. -: means that the system doesn't have this function 3. Compared with the last version, the new added function is marked in red font Function Menu Automatic reset Manual reset Remark (Other Functions) Demo mode VW √ -- Chinese CHERY H3 series, Eastar, FY2, Tiggo 3 √ √ Chinese CHERY Tiggo, A3, A5, Cowin 3, G2, E5 √ √ Chinese CHERY G3, V5 series, H5 series, X5 series √ √ Chinese CHERY E3, New Eastar, new QQ, Tiggo 5, ARRIZO 3, ARRIZO M7 √ -- Chinese CHERY Eastar/Cowin 5, MC22 √ -- Chinese Transit JMC Transit √ √ Chinese MG MG3, MG5, MG7, MG7 (type 2), MG3 ZERO √ -- Chinese MG MG6, MG6 EU √ -- Chinese MG New MG3/GS √ -- Chinese MG MG7-L √ -- Chinese MG MGTF √ -- Chinese MG AP12, AP13 √ -- Chinese BAIC C70G, E series, C50E, C65X, D70, X65 √ -- Chinese BAIC D50 √ -- Chinese BAIC C60F √ -- Chinese BAIC BJ20 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV BAIC-WW 307 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV BAIC-WW 308EV √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EV150 economy type √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EV160 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EV200 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EV200/EV1600 √ -- Page 1 Disgnostic List SERVICE RESET_v7.90 Remark: 1.√: means that the system has this function 2. -: means that the system doesn't have this function 3. Compared with the last version, the new added function is marked in red font Function Menu Automatic reset Manual reset Remark (Other Functions) Chinese BAIC BJEV EU220 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EU260 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV EH300 √ -- Chinese BAIC BJEV ARCFOX-1 √ -- Chinese SUZUKI New Aotuo, -
China's Automobile Market Panle Jia Barwick, Shengmao Cao, and Shanjun Li NBER Working Paper No
NBER WORKING PAPER SERIES LOCAL PROTECTIONISM, MARKET STRUCTURE, AND SOCIAL WELFARE: CHINA'S AUTOMOBILE MARKET Panle Jia Barwick Shengmao Cao Shanjun Li Working Paper 23678 http://www.nber.org/papers/w23678 NATIONAL BUREAU OF ECONOMIC RESEARCH 1050 Massachusetts Avenue Cambridge, MA 02138 August 2017 We thank Matt Backus, Steve Coate, Penny Goldberg, Paul Grieco, Jean-Francois Houde, Ivan Png, Paolo Ramezzana, Fan Ying, and seminar participates at Arizona State University, Cornell University, Cornell-Penn State Econometrics and IO Conference, Federal Trade Commission, HEC Montreal Conference on IO, Indiana University, NBER Chinese Economy Working Group, New York IO Day Conference, Peking University, University of California-Davis, and University of Wisconsin for helpful comments. We acknowledge generous data sharing from Tao Chen, Rui Li, and Xiaobo Zhang. Ke Liu, Binglin Wang and Jingyuan Wang provided excellent research assistance. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research. NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications. © 2017 by Panle Jia Barwick, Shengmao Cao, and Shanjun Li. All rights reserved. Short sections of text, not to exceed two paragraphs, may be quoted without explicit permission provided that full credit, including © notice, is given to the source. Local Protectionism, Market Structure, and Social Welfare: China's Automobile Market Panle Jia Barwick, Shengmao Cao, and Shanjun Li NBER Working Paper No. 23678 August 2017 JEL No. D04,D6,F15,H2,L1,L5,L62 ABSTRACT While China has made great strides in transforming its centrally-planned economy to a market- oriented economy, there still exist widespread interregional trade barriers, such as policies and practices that protect local firms against competition from non-local firms. -
“New Energy Vehicles”
“New Energy Vehicles” Developments in China, the Netherlands and prospects for Sino-Dutch cooperation in the field of commerce and policy 1 Colophon Place Beijing Assigned by Embassy of the Kingdom of the Netherlands Infrastructure & Environment Department Innovation Department Author(s) Merijn Drenth (intern) Cover Photography by ECNS 2 Index Preface…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5 Summary………………………………………………………………………………………………………………6 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………..…7 Chapter one – New energy vehicle developments in the Netherlands: Goals & policies...9 - Goals…………………………………………………………………………………...9 - Policies………………………………………………………………………………...9 - Subsidies and fiscal incentives………………………………………………………..10 - Industry and innovation………………………………………………………………11 - Charging infrastructure……………………………………………………………….11 - Results……………………………………………………………………………..…12 - Number of registered NEVs in the Netherlands………………………...…………….12 - Amount of charging points in the Netherlands………………………………………..13 Chapter two – New energy vehicle developments in the Netherlands: Industry & entrepreneurship…………………………………………………………………………....14 - Development Dutch NEV sector…………………………………………………..…14 - Charging infrastructure and smart grids……………………………………………...15 - Propulsion technology and components……………………………………………...16 - Manufacturing and conversion……………………………………………………….17 - Services………………………………………………………………………………18 - International footprint………………………………………………………………...19 Chapter three – New energy vehicle developments in China: Goals & central policies….............................................................................................................................…20 -
Throttle Matching V7.11
Disgnostic List Throttle Matching v7.11 Remark: 1.√: means that the system has this function 2. -: means that the system doesn't have this function 3. Compared with the last version, the new added function is marked in red font Function Menu Throttle matching Remark (Other Functions) Demo mode NISSAN √ Chinese Dongfeng Yueda KIA Sportage R (2013) √ Chinese Beijing Hyundai Yuedong, SONATA, I30, IX35, Viena √ Chinese Beijing Hyundai Sonata YFC, Elantra, new Santa Fe √ Chinese Beijing Hyundai Sonata 9 √ Chinese CHERY Type 1(Continental) √ Chinese CHERY Type 2(DIAS) √ Chinese CHERY Type 3(DIAS) √ Chinese CHERY Type 4(DIAS) √ Chinese CHERY Type 5(Marelli) √ Chinese CHERY Type 6(Delphi) √ Chinese CHERY Type 7 √ Chinese CHERY Type 8(UMC) √ Chinese CHERY Type 9(UMC) √ Chinese CHERY Type 10(Troitec) √ Chinese MG MG3、MG5、MG6、MG7 √ Chinese MG GS √ Chinese ROEWE 350, 550, 750, 950, W5, BP12 √ Chinese Haixing car Adaptive value reset √ Chinese Dongfeng Fengshen Adaptive value reset √ Chinese Dongfeng Fengshen Type2 √ Chinese Dongfeng Fengshen Type3 √ Chinese Dongfeng Fengshen Type4 √ Chinese Dongfeng Fengshen √ Page 1 Disgnostic List Throttle Matching v7.11 Remark: 1.√: means that the system has this function 2. -: means that the system doesn't have this function 3. Compared with the last version, the new added function is marked in red font Function Menu Throttle matching Remark (Other Functions) Chinese SOUEAST LingYue V3, Xiwang, LingYue V5/V6 √ LangLang, Langyue, A01, Chinese ZOTYE √ Z500(4A91T) Chinese TJFAW √ Chinese Riich, Rely √ Chinese ZXAUTO -
Incentivizing Vehicle Mass Reduction Technologies Via Size-Based Passenger Car Fuel Consumption Standards in China
WHITE PAPER NOVEMBER 2013 INCENTIVIZING VEHICLE MASS REDUCTION TECHNOLOGIES VIA SIZE-BASED PASSENGER CAR FUEL CONSUMPTION STANDARDS IN CHINA AUTHORS: Hui He, Zifei Yang www.theicct.org [email protected] BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors would like to acknowledge Mr. Yuefu Jin, Mr. Qianli Guo and Dr. Dongchang Zhao (China Automotive Technology and Research Center), Dr. Michael Q. Wang (Ar- gonne National Laboratory), Dr. Masami Misaki (Nissan China Investment Company), Dr. Martin Koers (Verband der Automoilindustrie), and Mr. Frank J. Overmeyer (Daimler AG) for having reviewed and provided feedback to this report. We would also like to thank our ICCT colleagues Anup Bandivadekar, Gaurav Bansal, Vincent Franco John German, Peter Mock, and Francisco Posada for their valuable input and support for the project. This study was funded through the generous support of the ClimateWorks Foundation. All errors and omissions are the sole responsibility of the authors. © 2013 The International Council on Clean Transportation 1225 I Street NW, Suite 900 Washington, DC 20005 www.theicct.org | [email protected] TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive summary ....................................................................................................................1 1 Introduction ............................................................................................................................6 2 Background ......................................................................................................................... -
The Global Value Chain and China Automotive Industry Upgrading Strategy1
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by CSCanada.net: E-Journals (Canadian Academy of Oriental and Occidental Culture,... Management Science and Engineering Vol.2 No.1 March 2008 THE GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN AND CHINA AUTOMOTIVE INDUSTRY UPGRADING STRATEGY1 2 3 4 Liu PingQing Sui HuaJie Gu Qiang Abstract: The automotive industry is often thought of as one of the most global of all industries. In the globalization era, cost competitiveness alone will not be sufficient to guarantee further success. The China’s Local Industrial Clusters(LICs)faced a serious challenge between the top-down (global) and bottom-up (local) governance pressures. This paper uses the Global Value Chain(GVC) framework analysis to explain China Automotive Industry industry’s development stage, position of the GVC, demonstrate that the relationships with these global actors and upgrading opportunities of China Automotive Industry. Key words: Global Value Chain, Automotive Industry, Upgrading Strategy The large number of supply bases formed in China in recent years has contributed significantly to the nation's manufacturing competitiveness. This production structure, which is built on the Local Industrial Clusters (LICs) concept--- a group of firms in the same or closely related industries are in close geographic proximity to each other, have became the home base for Chinese export activities. Many LICs entered the Global Value Chain (GVC) according to their different technology capabilities and competitiveness, but also are under increasing pressure to improve the position of GVC. This paper is intended to raise and answer the emerging question as to how the labor-intensive and low value-added manufacturing LICs could “grow up” and “graduate” to more technology-intensive and high value-added business through the challenging process of industrial upgrading and innovation. -
Leapfrogging Or Stalling Out? Electric Vehicles in China
Leapfrogging or Stalling Out? Electric Vehicles in China Sabrina Howell Henry Lee Adam Heal 2015 RPP-2015-07 Regulatory Policy Program Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government Harvard Kennedy School 79 John F. Kennedy Street, Weil Hall Cambridge, MA 02138 CITATION This paper may be cited as: Howell, Sabrina, Henry Lee, and Adam Heal. 2015. “Leapfrogging or Stalling Out? Electric Vehicles in China.” Regulatory Policy Program Working Paper RPP-2015-07. Cambridge, MA: Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard Kennedy School, Harvard University. Comments may be directed to the authors. REGULATORY POLICY PROGRAM The Regulatory Policy Program at the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government serves as a catalyst and clearinghouse for the study of regulation across Harvard University. The program's objectives are to cross-pollinate research, spark new lines of inquiry, and increase the connection between theory and practice. Through seminars and symposia, working papers, and new media, RPP explores themes that cut across regulation in its various domains: market failures and the public policy case for government regulation; the efficacy and efficiency of various regulatory instruments; and the most effective ways to foster transparent and participatory regulatory processes. The views expressed in this paper are those of the authors and do not imply endorsement by the Regulatory Policy Program, the Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Harvard Kennedy School, or Harvard University. FOR FURTHER INFORMATION Further information on the Regulatory Policy Program can be obtained from the Program's executive director, Jennifer Nash, Mossavar-Rahmani Center for Business and Government, Weil Hall, Harvard Kennedy School, 79 JKF Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, telephone (617) 495-9379, telefax (617) 496-0063, email [email protected].