DOCSLIB.ORG

Spring 2016 Newsletter

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Spring 2016 Newsletter Department Anthropology of Anthropology Newsletter Fall 2015 - Spring 2016 • Vol. 16 Transforming Lives Through Discovery! Welcome Archaeology Field School at Twin Pines 2015 uring the summer of 2015, students in the department of Anthropology The Anthropology students participated in an exciting six-week archaeological field school in the Gila National and alumni profiled here D Forest. Under the direction of Dr. Fumi Arakawa, NMSU professor and director of the are just a few of those University Museum, 16 undergraduate and 5 graduate students excavated the Twin Pines who have received funding Village. and recognition for their research. This is an important Classic Mimbres Phase Site (A.D. 1000- Thanks to new funding 1130) located south of Wall from the College of Arts Lake. The field school operated and Sciences, contributions in collaboration with U.S. from alumni and friends Forest Service archaeologists to the Dean’s Fund for Wendy Sutton and Chris Adams. Excellence and the “Friends Students participated in all phases of Anthropology”, we offer of archaeological fieldwork, grants of up to $500 for including site survey, excavation graduate research. mapping and in-field analysis. “They also had the opportunity We have funded to learn about stewardship of students working both archaeological resources, cultural internationally and 2015 NMSU archaeology field school at Twin Pines heritage management, and best locally, on projects practices for collaborative archaeological investigation,” said Dr. Alexander, head of as diverse as primate NMSU’s Department of Anthropology. behavior, stewardship of archaeological resources, "The project consists of an intensive excavation of a Classic Mimbres site which extends human responses to well back to the Pithouse period,” said Trevor Lea, one of four crew chiefs on the project. environmental change, “The occupation of the site could very well extend 900-1000 years. The excavations Native American art and focused on the Classic Mimbres Phase. The pueblo consists of three separate sets of material culture, and structures. This was the first time a professional had done any type of excavation on the medical anthropology. site.” Trevor explained that “Mimbres archaeology is very challenging due to looting We invite you to share activity. Making sense of what others have destroyed before you is the biggest challenge, in our Department’s however our team overcame the challenges and we learned a great deal this summer." success and our students’ accomplishments. Your "There was never a dull moment,” said Candice Disque, the Field School Graduate support matters! Assistant and crew chief. "I truly enjoyed every day and everything, even the hard work. There was bonding and camaraderie between people who had just met, and we all walked away friends. I guess you can say that the entirety of the field school was my best experience!" Rani T. Alexander Department Head (Continued on p. 2) 2 2015-16 Graduates Twin Pines Field School, Continued Candice spoke of the benefits she received from attending the Twin Pines field school, B.A. in Anthropology stating “this field school provided me with hands-on experience regarding Southwest Justin Aguilar prehistoric culture, something I hadn’t previously had being from New England. Field Erin Brooks Lacey Cantin school is a requirement for any archaeology major, and the valuable skill set learned Vanessa Carrillo will assist in obtaining a job after graduation, as well as help one get into a Ph.D. or Erin Castleberry Elizabeth Chase Masters program.” Gray Gass Marquette Gass Trevor and Candice both agreed that attending this field school had a profound impact Robert Getkin on their personal and professional lives. Not Katie Jackson Ashley Mattingly only have they earned academic credits for their Thomas Miller participation in the field school, they also earned Sydney Nichols Anne Nystrom hands-on professional experience from the Adelina Perraglio project. Candice added, “I believe that anyone Antoinette Reyes interested in anthropology should attend a field Erik Shultz Danielle Soza school because it’s not just about digging in Angela Stevenson the dirt (though it is fun!). It’s about scientific Jared Van Natta Rose Vidal method. It’s about observing and interpreting Trevor Lea with fellow student, Lace Arvizu at the past materials of a still present culture, and M.A. in Anthropology Twin Pines summer field school it’s about sharing knowledge with your peers.” Amanda Alvey Kevin Conti We are looking forward to another successful field school during the summer of 2016. Kristin Corl Marisol Díaz The 2016 field school will be directed by archaeology professor Dr. William H. Walker Norma Hartell at the site of Cottonwood Springs Pueblo. James Hill Wayne Lee Kate Moore Molly Murphy Dr. Fumi Arakawa 2015-2016 Awards Dylan Person Donica Spence r. Fumi Arakawa has received University Megan Stamey McAlvain recognition for his efforts this year. He Sarah Standley D Rose Stoffers is the honorable recipient of the Outstanding Robin Wineinger Achievement in Teaching award, as well as a Jennifer Wiskowski Travel Award, for the NMSU College of Arts and Sciences. Dr. Arakwa is also the recipient of the NMSU Employee Council's Caring Community award. The Council awarded the first-ever Caring Community Distinguished Student Support Award to recognize individuals who provide extraordinary support Dr. Arakawa directing the Twin Pines field school to students. The award was to honor NMSU employees who have created and implemented novel ways to assist students, for example through a new process or procedure; provided assistance to students above and beyond their daily, routine duties; and impacted students’ education or lives in Summer 2016, Dr. Fumi Arakawa and students are in unique ways. Dr. Arakawa was nominated by student Keighley Hastings for his work with the field at South Diamond the Twin Pines archaeology lab, which is open for all student participation (see p. 10 for Creek in the Gila Wilderness. more on the Twin Pines collection). View a video on Dr. Arakawa's accomplishments at This collaborative project with Wendy Sutton and Chris Adams https://vimeo.com/album/3903377/video/163482134. of the Gila National Forest runs through June 10th. 3 2015-2016 Anthropology Students Study Abroad Conference or students, especially those with an anthropology major, studying abroad is a Fwonderful opportunity to gain a new perspective on other cultures often studied Calendar in class. Studying abroad for a semester provides students with an opportunity to earn Faculty and students made academic credits while also taking their studies beyond the classroom. Whether it’s numerous professional an intensive language training course, an archeological field school, or course work research presentations at exclusive to another country, international studies provides students with a chance local, regional, national, and to work in an exciting and new environment. Students who study abroad have the international conferences chance to learn about the diverse values, cultures and languages of people from around over the 2015-2016 the world. Last year a number of Anthropology undergraduate and graduate students academic year. spent a semester or more studying abroad in Japan, Argentina, Costa Rica, Mexico, School of Advanced Colombia, Vietnam, and South Korea. Research, Advanced Seminar “Transformations in Social Citizenship: Stratification, Risk, Alma Chavez went to the Universidad de and Responsibility in Health Belgrano for an academic year. "I had the Care Reform," October 5-9, opportunity to experience a different way 2015, Santa Fe. of teaching and studying as well as to get Mary Alice Scott: Increasing Access, Increasing Responsibility: involved in another culture,’’ said Alma. Activating the Newly Insured She lived in Buenos Aires, Argentina for Jornada Mogollon Conference, one year and seized the opportunity to October 9-10, 2015, El Paso travel around several South American Museum of Archaeology countries such as Argentina, Brazil, Peru, William H. Walker: The and Uruguay. “Even though I grew up Cottonwood Spring Community as an Internal Pueblo Frontier in Mexico, my whole life I have been exposed to different cultures, I really Steven Needle: The Sandal Alma Chavez in Argentina Canyon Cave Collection love that I got involved in the Argentine J. Dylan Clark: Purifying Flame or culture as well as the Peruvian and Brazilian.’’ Along with earning academic credits, Fond Farewell? Alma learned how to dance tango and speak a different dialect of Spanish. For Alma, David M. Rachal and Judy the most challenging part of her year in Argentina was missing her family and friends Berryman: Late Holocene back home. “It is really hard to go away for a long time, but I overcame this challenge Environmental Change and the Abandonment of Three Rivers with my best attitude." Ruin (LA 1231), New Mexico. Judy Berryman: Archaeological Another undergraduate student, Brady Hanson attended Nagoya University of Foreign Site Testing Within the Otero Studies in Japan. One of the rewarding parts of studying abroad for Brady was visiting Maneuver Range (White Sands Missile Range) - Identifying his host-family in Kochi. “I feel Intact Prehistoric Habitation in a immensely lucky to have such Dune Environment wonderful people in my life,’’ said Kristin Corl: Hunting Strategies Brady. “When we first met we could at Cottonwood Spring Pueblo: Stable Carbon Isotopes barely communicate, but thanks to their patience
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Gibbon Classification : the Issue of Species and Subspecies
    Portland State University PDXScholar Dissertations and Theses Dissertations and Theses 1988 Gibbon classification : the issue of species and subspecies Erin Lee Osterud Portland State University Follow this and additional works at: https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds Part of the Biological and Physical Anthropology Commons, and the Genetics and Genomics Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Osterud, Erin Lee, "Gibbon classification : the issue of species and subspecies" (1988). Dissertations and Theses. Paper 3925. https://doi.org/10.15760/etd.5809 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of PDXScholar. Please contact us if we can make this document more accessible: [email protected]. AN ABSTRACT OF THE THESIS OF Erin Lee Osterud for the Master of Arts in Anthropology presented July 18, 1988. Title: Gibbon Classification: The Issue of Species and Subspecies. APPROVED BY MEM~ OF THE THESIS COMMITTEE: Marc R. Feldesman, Chairman Gibbon classification at the species and subspecies levels has been hotly debated for the last 200 years. This thesis explores the reasons for this debate. Authorities agree that siamang, concolor, kloss and hoolock are species, while there is complete lack of agreement on lar, agile, moloch, Mueller's and pileated. The disagreement results from the use and emphasis of different character traits, and from debate on the occurrence and importance of gene flow. GIBBON CLASSIFICATION: THE ISSUE OF SPECIES AND SUBSPECIES by ERIN LEE OSTERUD A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS in ANTHROPOLOGY Portland State University 1989 TO THE OFFICE OF GRADUATE STUDIES: The members of the Committee approve the thesis of Erin Lee Osterud presented July 18, 1988.
    [Show full text]
  • Aspects of Ecology and Adaptation with an Emphasis on Hominoid Evolution
    University of Tennessee, Knoxville TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange Masters Theses Graduate School 8-1997 Aspects of Ecology and Adaptation with an Emphasis on hominoid Evolution Clare Katharine Stott University of Tennessee, Knoxville Follow this and additional works at: https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes Part of the Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Stott, Clare Katharine, "Aspects of Ecology and Adaptation with an Emphasis on hominoid Evolution. " Master's Thesis, University of Tennessee, 1997. https://trace.tennessee.edu/utk_gradthes/4234 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters Theses by an authorized administrator of TRACE: Tennessee Research and Creative Exchange. For more information, please contact [email protected]. To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Clare Katharine Stott entitled "Aspects of Ecology and Adaptation with an Emphasis on hominoid Evolution." I have examined the final electronic copy of this thesis for form and content and recommend that it be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts, with a major in Anthropology. Andrew Kramer, Major Professor We have read this thesis and recommend its acceptance: Richard Jantz, Lyle Konigsberg Accepted for the Council: Carolyn R. Hodges Vice Provost and Dean of the Graduate School (Original signatures are on file with official studentecor r ds.) To the Graduate Council: I am submitting herewith a thesis written by Clare K. Stott entitled "Aspects of Ecology and Adaptation with an Emphasis on Hominoid Evolution".
    [Show full text]
  • The Evolution of the Vestibular Apparatus In
    RESEARCH ARTICLE The evolution of the vestibular apparatus in apes and humans Alessandro Urciuoli1*, Cle´ ment Zanolli2, Ame´ lie Beaudet3,4, Jean Dumoncel5, Fre´ de´ ric Santos2, Salvador Moya` -Sola` 1,6,7, David M Alba1* 1Institut Catala` de Paleontologia Miquel Crusafont, Universitat Auto`noma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valle`s, Barcelona, Spain; 2Laboratoire PACEA, UMR 5199 CNRS, Universite´ de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; 3School of Geography, Archaeology and Environmental Studies, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa; 4Department of Anatomy, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa; 5Laboratoire AMIS, UMR 5288 CNRS, Universite´ de Toulouse, Toulouse, France; 6Institucio´ Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avanc¸ats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain; 7Unitat d’Antropologia (Departament de Biologia Animal, Biologia Vegetal i Ecologia), Universitat Auto`noma de Barcelona, Cerdanyola del Valle`s, Barcelona, Spain Abstract Phylogenetic relationships among extinct hominoids (apes and humans) are controversial due to pervasive homoplasy and the incompleteness of the fossil record. The bony labyrinth might contribute to this debate, as it displays strong phylogenetic signal among other mammals. However, the potential of the vestibular apparatus for phylogenetic reconstruction among fossil apes remains understudied. Here we test and quantify the phylogenetic signal embedded in the vestibular morphology of extant anthropoids (monkeys, apes and humans) and two extinct apes (Oreopithecus and Australopithecus) as captured by a deformation-based 3D geometric morphometric analysis. We also reconstruct the ancestral morphology of various hominoid clades based on phylogenetically-informed maximum likelihood methods. Besides revealing strong phylogenetic signal in the vestibule and enabling the proposal of potential *For correspondence: synapomorphies for various hominoid clades, our results confirm the relevance of vestibular [email protected] (AU); morphology for addressing the controversial phylogenetic relationships of fossil apes.
    [Show full text]
  • Chapter 18 Body Size and Intelligence in Hominoid Evolution
    Chapter 18 ................................ ................................ Body Size and Intelligence in Hominoid ................................ ................................ chapter Evolution ................................ ................................ Carol Ward ................................ Department of Anthropology – Department of Pathology and Anatomical Sciences ................................ 107 Swallow Hall, University of Missouri ................................ Columbia, MO 65211 USA ................................ [email protected] ................................ Mark Flinn ................................ Department of Anthropology, 107 Swallow Hall, University of Missouri ................................ Columbia, MO 65211 USA ................................ [email protected] ................................ David Begun ................................ Department of Anthropology, University of Toronto ................................ Toronto, ON M5S 3G3, Canada ................................ [email protected] ................................ ................................ Word count: text (6526) XML Typescript c Cambridge University Press – Generated by TechBooks. Body Size and Intelligence in Hominoid Evolution Page 1218 of 1365 A-Head 1 Introduction ................................ ................................ 2 Great apes and humans are the largest brained primates. Aside from a few ................................ 3 extinct subfossil lemurs, they are also the largest in body mass.
    [Show full text]
  • Allometric Scaling in the Dentition of Primates and Prediction of Body Weight from Tooth Size in Fossils
    AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 58%-100 (1982) Allometric Scaling in the Dentition of Primates and Prediction of Body Weight From Tooth Size in Fossils PHILIP D. GINGERICH, B. HOLLY SMITH, AND KAREN ROSENBERG Museum of Paleontology (P.D.G.)and Department of Anthropology (B.H.S. and K.R.), The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109 KEY WORDS Primate dentition, Allometry, Body size, Adapidae, Hominoidea ABSTRACT Tooth size varies exponentially with body weight in primates. Logarithmic transformation of tooth crown area and body weight yields a linear model of slope 0.67 as an isometric (geometric) baseline for study of dental allometry. This model is compared with that predicted by metabolic scaling (slope = 0.75). Tarsius and other insectivores have larger teeth for their body size than generalized primates do, and they are not included in this analysis. Among generalized primates, tooth size is highly correlated with body size. Correlations of upper and lower cheek teeth with body size range from 0.90-0.97, depending on tooth position. Central cheek teeth (P: and M:) have allometric coefficients ranging from 0.57-0.65, falling well below geometric scaling. Anterior and posterior cheek teeth scale at or above metabolic scaling. Considered individually or as a group, upper cheek teeth scale allometrically with lower coefficients than corresponding lower cheek teeth; the reverse is true for incisors. The sum of crown areas for all upper cheek teeth scales significantly below geometric scaling, while the sum of crown areas for all lower cheek teeth approximates geometric scaling. Tooth size can be used to predict the body weight of generalized fossil primates.
    [Show full text]
  • Ancestral Facial Morphology of Old World Higher Primates (Anthropoidea/Catarrhini/Miocene/Cranium/Anatomy) BRENDA R
    Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 88, pp. 5267-5271, June 1991 Evolution Ancestral facial morphology of Old World higher primates (Anthropoidea/Catarrhini/Miocene/cranium/anatomy) BRENDA R. BENEFIT* AND MONTE L. MCCROSSINt *Department of Anthropology, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901; and tDepartment of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 Communicated by F. Clark Howell, March 11, 1991 ABSTRACT Fossil remains of the cercopithecoid Victoia- (1, 5, 6). Contrasting craniofacial configurations of cercopithe- pithecus recently recovered from middle Miocene deposits of cines and great apes are, in consequence, held to be indepen- Maboko Island (Kenya) provide evidence ofthe cranial anatomy dently derived with regard to the ancestral catarrhine condition of Old World monkeys prior to the evolutionary divergence of (1, 5, 6). This reconstruction has formed the basis of influential the extant subfamilies Colobinae and Cercopithecinae. Victoria- cladistic assessments ofthe phylogenetic relationships between pithecus shares a suite ofcraniofacial features with the Oligocene extant and extinct catarrhines (1, 2). catarrhine Aegyptopithecus and early Miocene hominoid Afro- Reconstructions of the ancestral catarrhine morphotype pithecus. AU three genera manifest supraorbital costae, anteri- are based on commonalities of subordinate morphotypes for orly convergent temporal lines, the absence of a postglabellar Cercopithecoidea and Hominoidea (1, 5, 6). Broadly distrib- fossa, a moderate to long snout, great facial
    [Show full text]
  • Harrison CV June 2021
    June 1, 2021 Terry Harrison CURRICULUM VITAE CONTACT INFORMATION * Center for the Study of Human Origins Department of Anthropology 25 Waverly Place New York University New York, NY 10003-6790, USA 8 [email protected] ) 212-998-8581 WEB LINKS http://as.nyu.edu/faculty/terry-harrison.html https://wp.nyu.edu/csho/people/faculty/terry_harrison/ https://nyu.academia.edu/TerryHarrison http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4224-0152 zoobank.org:author:43DA2256-CF4D-476F-8EA8-FBCE96317505 ACADEMIC BACKGROUND Graduate: 1978–1982: Doctor of Philosophy. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London. Doctoral dissertation: Small-bodied Apes from the Miocene of East Africa. 1981–1982: Postgraduate Certificate of Education. Institute of Education, London University, London. Awarded with Distinction. Undergraduate: 1975–1978: Bachelor of Science. Department of Anthropology, University College London, London. First Class Honours. POSITIONS 2014- Silver Professor, Department of Anthropology, New York University. 2003- Director, Center for the Study of Human Origins, New York University. 1995- Professor, Department of Anthropology, New York University. 2010-2016 Chair, Department of Anthropology, New York University. 1995-2010 Associate Chair, Department of Anthropology, New York University. 1990-1995 Associate Professor, Department of Anthropology, New York University. 1984-1990 Assistant Professor, Department of Anthropology, New York University. HONORS & AWARDS 1977 Rosa Morison Memorial Medal and Prize, University College London. 1978 Daryll Forde Award, University College London. 1989 Golden Dozen Award for excellence in teaching, New York University. 1996 Golden Dozen Award for excellence in teaching, New York University. 2002 Distinguished Teacher Award, New York University. 2006 Fellow, American Association for the Advancement of Science.
    [Show full text]
  • Phylogeny and Biogeography of Gibbons, Genus Hylobates
    Phylogeny and Biogeography of Gibbons, Genus Hylobates. by Helen Jane Chatterjee Department of Biology, University College London A thesis submitted for the fulfilment of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy University of London, 2000 ProQuest Number: U643055 All rights reserved INFORMATION TO ALL USERS The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. In the unlikely event that the author did not send a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. uest. ProQuest U643055 Published by ProQuest LLC(2016). Copyright of the Dissertation is held by the Author. All rights reserved. This work is protected against unauthorized copying under Title 17, United States Code. Microform Edition © ProQuest LLC. ProQuest LLC 789 East Eisenhower Parkway P.O. Box 1346 Ann Arbor, Ml 48106-1346 A bstract This thesis aims to reconstruct the phylogenetic and biogeographic history of gibbons, genus Hylobates. Phylogenetic relationships among gibbons are controversial. This study uses molecular and morphological data to resolve some of these controversies, and provides a new phylogeny for the genus. The estimate of gibbon phylogeny is combined with distribution data to reconstruct the biogeographic history of gibbons. In the first part of the study, original mitochondrial control region sequence data and published cytochrome b gene sequence data are analysed using maximum likelihood, parsimony and bootstrapping methods. Results of these analyses indicate a gibbon phylogeny which shows the following subgeneric relationships: Nomas eus, Symphalangus and Bunopithecus are successively more closely related to Hylobates.
    [Show full text]
  • Taxonomy of Proconsul: an Issue of Species
    TAXONOMY OF PROCONSUL: AN ISSUE OF SPECIES NUMBERS OR SEXUAL DIMORPHISM? HUGH WEAVER Submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Master of Philosophy October 2015 Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience University of Melbourne ABSTRACT I have investigated the alpha taxonomy of Miocene primate genus Proconsul by performing measurements on photographs of fossil dental material obtained from museum sources. My aim was to assess levels of variation, and thereby evidence for sympatric species, by comparing results with those obtained from sex-matched samples of extant hominoids. The holotype of the initial species described, Proconsul africanus, came from a mainland site in western Kenya. Additional examples of the genus were obtained subsequently from adjacent sites and from islands within Lake Victoria. By 1951, three species of progressively-increasing size were recognised, seemingly present at both island and mainland localities. However, subsequent investigations questioned whether, instead of two sympatric species at a particular site, particularly Rusinga Island, size disparities noted reflected the presence of a single sexually dimorphic species. I addressed this debate by comparing results of measurements of 144 Proconsul specimens with those from sex-matched samples comprising 50 specimens each of four extant primate genera: Pan, Gorilla, Pongo and Hylobates/Symphalangus. The protocol consisted of measuring occlusal views of adult molars to obtain linear measurements and cusp areas. By selecting samples on a 1:1 sex-matched basis for extant groups, and matching these against those for Proconsul, I minimised the potential that variations within the Proconsul material reflected sexual dimorphism within one species. I have investigated the situation relevant to each of two clusters of primate fossil sites, respectively on Rusinga and Mfangano Islands (Area 1) and at mainland sites around Koru (Area 2).
    [Show full text]
  • New Fauna from Loperot Contributes to the Understanding of Early Miocene Catarrhine Communities
    New Fauna from Loperot Contributes to the Understanding of Early Miocene Catarrhine Communities Ari Grossman 1,2,* Email [email protected] Cynthia Liutkus-Pierce 3 Benson Kyongo 4 Francis M’Kirera 5 1 Department of Anatomy, Midwestern University, Glendale, Arizona, 85308 USA 2 School of Human Evolution and Social Change, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona, 85287 USA 3 Department of Geology, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina, 28608 USA 4 Casting Department, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya 5 Department of Anatomy, Ross University School of Medicine, North Brunswick, New Jersey, 08902 USA Abstract ASU Digital Repository The site of Loperot in West Turkana, Kenya, is usuallyprovided as bys igned to the View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk CORE brought to you by Early Miocene. Recent discoveries at Loperot, including catarrhine primates, led to a revision of its mammalian fauna. Our revision of the fauna at Loperot shows an unusual taxonomic composition of the catarrhine community as well as several other unique mammalian taxa. Loperot shares two non-cercopithecoid catarrhine taxa with Early Miocene sites near Lake Victoria, e.g., Songhor and the Hiwegi Formation of Rusinga Island, but Loperot shares a cercopithecoid, Noropithecus, with Buluk (Surgei Plateau, near Lake Chew Bahir). We use Simpson’s Faunal Resemblance Index (Simpson’s FRI), a cluster analysis, and two partial Mantel tests, to compare Loperot to 10 other localities in East Africa representing several time divisions within the Early and Middle Miocene. Simpson’s FRI of mammalian communities indicates that Loperot is most similar in its taxonomic composition to the Hiwegi Formation of Rusinga Island, suggesting a similarity in age (≥18 Ma) that implies that Loperot is geographically distant from its contemporaries, i.e., Hiwegi Formation of Rusinga Island, Koru, Songhor, and Napak, while at the same time older than other sites in West Turkana (Kalodirr and Moruorot).
    [Show full text]
  • Wrist Morphology Reveals Substantial Locomotor Diversity Among Early
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Wrist morphology reveals substantial locomotor diversity among early catarrhines: an Received: 13 June 2018 Accepted: 24 January 2019 analysis of capitates from the early Published: xx xx xxxx Miocene of Tinderet (Kenya) Craig Wuthrich 1,2, Laura M. MacLatchy1 & Isaiah O. Nengo3,4 Considerable taxonomic diversity has been recognised among early Miocene catarrhines (apes, Old World monkeys, and their extinct relatives). However, locomotor diversity within this group has eluded characterization, bolstering a narrative that nearly all early catarrhines shared a primitive locomotor repertoire resembling that of the well-described arboreal quadruped Ekembo heseloni. Here we describe and analyse seven catarrhine capitates from the Tinderet Miocene sequence of Kenya, dated to ~20 Ma. 3D morphometrics derived from these specimens and a sample of extant and fossil capitates are subjected to a series of multivariate comparisons, with results suggesting a variety of locomotor repertoires were present in this early Miocene setting. One of the fossil specimens is uniquely derived among early and middle Miocene capitates, representing the earliest known instance of great ape- like wrist morphology and supporting the presence of a behaviourally advanced ape at Songhor. We suggest Rangwapithecus as this catarrhine’s identity, and posit expression of derived, ape-like features as a criterion for distinguishing this taxon from Proconsul africanus. We also introduce a procedure for quantitative estimation of locomotor diversity and fnd the Tinderet sample to equal or exceed large extant catarrhine groups in this metric, demonstrating greater functional diversity among early catarrhines than previously recognised. While catarrhines (the clade including Old World monkeys and apes) of the early Miocene (ca.
    [Show full text]
  • The Fossil Record of Primate Brain Evolution
    . FORTY-NINTH JAMES ARTHUR LECTURE ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN BRAIN 1979 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF PRIMATE BRAIN EVOLUTION LEONARD RADINSKY AUG ii3l07- AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW YORK : 1979 FORTY -NINTH JAMES ARTHUR LECTURE ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN BRAIN FORTY-NINTH JAMES ARTHUR LECTURE ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN BRAIN 1979 THE FOSSIL RECORD OF PRIMATE BRAIN EVOLUTION LEONARD RADINSKY Professor of Anatomy, Anatomy Department University of Chicago. Chicago AMERICAN MUSEL^I OF NATURAL HISTORY NEW YORK : 1979 JAMES ARTHUR LECTURES ON THE EVOLUTION OF THE HUMAN BRAIN Frederick Tilne>. Thf Brain in Riluiion to Bthuvior. March 15. 1932 C JudM>n Hcrrick. Brains as Instruments of Biological Values: April 6. 1933 D MS \\ai>on. The Story of Fossil Brains from Fish to Man: April 24. 1934 C. U. Ariens Kappers, Structural Principles in the Nenous System: The Development of the Forehrain in Animals and Prehistoric Human Races: April 25. 1935 Samuel T. Orton. Thi- Language Area of the Human Brain and Some of its Disorders: May 15. 1936 R. \\ . Gerard. Dytuunic Seural Patterns: April 15. 1937 Franz Weidenreich. The Phylogenetic Development of the Hominid Brain and its Connec- ticm with the Transformation of the Skull: May 5. 1938 G. Kingsley Noble. The Seural Basis of Social Behavior of Vertebrates: May 11. 1939 John F. Fulton. A Funaional Approach to the Evolution of the Primate Brain: May 2. 1940 Frank A. Beach. Central .\er\ous Mechanisms Involved in the Reproductive Behavior of Vertebrates: May 8. 1941 George Pinkley. A History of the Human Brain: .May 14.
    [Show full text]