Distribution Changes of Small Fishes in Streams of Missouri from The

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Distribution Changes of Small Fishes in Streams of Missouri from The Distribution Changes of Small Fishes in Streams of Missouri from the 1940s to the 1990s by MATTHEW R. WINSTON Missouri Department of Conservation, Columbia, MO 65201 February 2003 CONTENTS Page Abstract……………………………………………………………………………….. 8 Introduction…………………………………………………………………………… 10 Methods……………………………………………………………………………….. 17 The Data Used………………………………………………………………… 17 General Patterns in Species Change…………………………………………... 23 Conservation Status of Species……………………………………………….. 26 Results………………………………………………………………………………… 34 General Patterns in Species Change………………………………………….. 30 Conservation Status of Species……………………………………………….. 46 Discussion…………………………………………………………………………….. 63 General Patterns in Species Change………………………………………….. 53 Conservation Status of Species………………………………………………. 63 Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………………. 66 Literature Cited……………………………………………………………………….. 66 Appendix……………………………………………………………………………… 72 FIGURES 1. Distribution of samples by principal investigator…………………………. 20 2. Areas of greatest average decline…………………………………………. 33 3. Areas of greatest average expansion………………………………………. 34 4. The relationship between number of basins and ……………………….. 39 5. The distribution of for each reproductive group………………………... 40 2 6. The distribution of for each family……………………………………… 41 7. The distribution of for each trophic group……………...………………. 42 8. The distribution of for each faunal region………………………………. 43 9. The distribution of for each stream type………………………………… 44 10. The distribution of for each range edge…………………………………. 45 11. Modified IUCN categories versus existing state rank…………………… 52 12. Time path of samples made by Harry……………………………………. 55 13. Water level differences before and during the two sample periods……… 56 TABLES 1. Species analyzed in this paper……………………………………………. 11 2. The IUCN and modified criteria for critically endangered, endangered, and vulnerable………………………………………………. 26 3. Change in species occurrence, 1940s versus 1990s………………………. 30 4. Species showing regional decline………………………………………… 36 5. Species showing regional expansion……………………………………... 37 6. Extinction correlates and sample adequacy………………………………. 46 7. Abundance of Ozark species in 1990s samples where they showed expansion into the southern and western plains…………………. 57 APPENDIX TABLES 1. Species traits used in this analysis………………………………………… 72 3 APPENDIX FIGURES (in alphabetical order) 1. Arkansas River orangethroat darter……………...………………………... 75 2. Banded darter…………………………………………………………….... 76 3. Banded sculpin…………………………………………………………….. 77 4. Bigeye chub……………………………………………………………… 78 5. Bigeye shiner…………………………………………………………….. 79 6. Bigmouth shiner……………………….…………………………………. 80 7. Blacknose shiner…………………………………………………………… 81 8. Blackside darter……………………………………………………………. 82 9. Blackspotted topminnow………………………………………………… 83 10. Blackstripe topminnow…………………………………………………….. 84 11. Blacktail shiner…………………………………………………………... 85 12. Bleeding shiner…………………………………………………………….. 86 13. Bluegill…………………………………………………………………… 87 14. Bluestripe darter…………………………………………………................. 88 15. Bluntface shiner……………………………………………………………. 89 16. Bluntnose darter………………………………………………………….. 90 17. Bluntnose minnow……………………………………………….………. 91 18. Brook silverside………………………………………………………….. 92 19. Bullhead minnow…………………………………………………………. 93 20. Cardinal shiner…………………………………………………………… 94 21. Central stoneroller………………………………………………………… 95 22. Common shiner……………………………………………………………. 96 4 23. Creek chub…………………………………………………………………. 97 24. Creek chubsucker………………………………………………………….. 98 25. Duskystripe shiner…………………………………………………………. 99 26. Eastern redfin shiner………………………………………………………. 100 27. Emerald shiner…………………………………………………………… 101 28. Fathead minnow……………………………………………………………. 102 29. Freckled madtom………………………………………………………… 103 30. Ghost shiner……………………………………………………………… 104 31. Gilt darter………………………………………………………………… 105 32. Golden shiner…………………………………………………………….. 106 33. Gravel chub………………………………………………………………. 107 34. Greenside darter……………………………………………….................. 108 35. Green sunfish……………………………………………………………... 109 36. Hornyhead chub……………………………………………….................. 110 37. Johnny darter……………………………………………………………... 111 38. Largescale stoneroller…………………………………………………….. 112 39. Longear sunfish…………………………………………………………… 113 40. Meramec River saddled darter……………………………………………. 114 41. Mimic shiner……………………………………………………………… 115 42. Mississippi silvery minnow………………………………………………. 116 43. Missouri saddled darter…………………………………………………… 117 44. Mottled/Ozark sculpin………………………………………..................... 118 45. Northern logperch…………………………………………………………. 119 5 46. Northern orangethroat darter………………………………………………..120 47. Northern studfish………………………………………………………… 121 48. Ohio logperch…………………………………………………….................122 49. Orangespotted sunfish……………………………………………………… 123 50. Ozark chub……………………………………………………………….. 124 51. Ozark logperch…………………………………………………………… 125 52. Ozark madtom……………………………………………………………… 126 53. Ozark minnow………………………………………………….................... 127 54. Ozark shiner……………………………………………………………… 128 55. Pallid shiner……………………………………………………………… 129 56. Peppered chub……………………………………………………………… 130 57. Plains minnow……………………………………………………………. 131 58. Plains topminnow………………………………………………………… 132 59. Pugnose minnow…………………………………………………………… 133 60. Rainbow darter…………………………………………………………… 134 61. Red shiner………………………………………………………………… 135 62. Redspot chub…………………………………………………….................. 136 63. Redspotted sunfish…………………………………………………………. 137 64. Ribbon shiner……………………….…………………………………….. 138 65. Rosyface shiner…………………………………………………………….. 139 66. Sand shiner…………………………………………………………………. 140 67. Silver chub…………………………………………………………………. 141 68. Slenderhead darter…………………………………………………………. 142 6 69. Slender madtom……………………………………………………………. 143 70. Slough darter…………………………………………………….................. 144 71. Southern redbelly dace…………………………………………………… 145 72. Speckled darter…………………………………………………………… 146 73. Spotfin shiner…………………………………………………………….. 147 74. Steelcolor shiner…………………………………………………………….148 75. Stippled darter……………………………………………………………. 149 76. Stonecat…………………………………………………………………… 150 77. Striped fantail darter……………………………………………………… 151 78. Striped shiner…………………………………………………………….. 152 79. Suckermouth minnow…………………………………………................. 153 80. Tadpole madtom…………………………………………………………. 154 81. Telescope shiner………………………………………………………….. 155 82. Topeka shiner…………………………………………………………….. 156 83. Trout-perch……………………………………………………................. 157 84. Warmouth………………………………………………………………… 158 85. Wedgespot shiner………………………………………………………… 159 86. Weed shiner………………………………………………………………. 160 87. Western mosquitofish…………………………………………………….. 161 88. Western redfin shiner……………………………………………………... 162 89. White River orangethroat darter……………………………….................. 163 90. Whitetail shiner…………………………………………………………… 164 91. Yoke darter………………………………….…………………................. 165 7 ABSTRACT One of the strategic goals of the Missouri Department of Conservation is to preserve and restore the state’s biodiversity including the 232 fish species and subspecies in Missouri. Meeting this goal requires knowledge of changes in distribution and habitat of each species. I compared data from fish community samples made with seines throughout most of the state between 1938 and 1941 with samples made similarly between 1986 and 2001. My first objective was to investigate whether species distributions in Missouri had changed, where the most change occurred, and what species traits were associated with change. My second objective was to apply the International Union for the Conservation of Species (IUCN) criteria to each species to assess probability of extirpation in the state. My methods were based on five measures. For each species, I assessed change in distribution over time. In the reaches where a species was known to occur in the 1990s, I assessed total length of the reaches, the proportion of samples with the species, isolation of reaches, and an index of population size in isolated reaches. Of the 91 species with large enough sample sizes for analysis, four showed no change in distribution over time, 49 declined, and 38 expanded. Decline was greatest in the northern Ozarks; expansion was greatest in the western and southern plains. Over half of the species that showed decline in the Ozarks were plains species, and over half of the species that expanded into the plains were Ozark species. Out of 32 species’ traits tested, seven were associated with decline: membership in the family Cyprinidae (minnows), species characteristic of large Ozark rivers, large plains rivers, small plains rivers, plains headwaters, clear lowland ditches, and species with the northwestern edge of their range in Missouri. Membership in the family Cyprinidae was by far the most important trait 8 associated with decline. Over 96% of the species that declined were associated with at least one of these seven trait categories. Expansion was associated with species characteristic of small Ozark rivers, Ozark creeks, and lowland standing waters, but these were not strong relationships. I discuss nine alternative explanations for the general patterns I found: sampling bias, grazing in riparian forests, plowing of soils for row-crop agriculture, predation, range size, climate change, Missouri River modifications, drought, and channel downcutting. Four species met the IUCN criteria for highly endangered, eight species met the criteria for endangered, and eight species met the criteria for vulnerable. Agreement between the IUCN categories and the existing state ranks was fairly
Recommended publications
  • 32 Annual Meeting 23-25 January 2018 UAPB & Pine Bluff
    32nd Annual Meeting 23-25 January 2018 UAPB & Pine Bluff *ON THE COVER: Artwork by Olaf Nelson. Redhorse ID cheatsheets can be downloaded from moxostoma.com. Art prints are also available. ARKANSAS CHAPTER OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE – 2017-2018 ERIC BRINKMAN, PRESIDENT MIKE EGGLETON, PRESIDENT-ELECT TATE WENTZ, PAST-PRESIDENT CASEY COX, TREASURER JESSIE GREEN, SECRETARY FOR ASSISTING WITH PLANNING OF THE 2018 MEETING, THE CHAPTER GREATLY APPRECIATES: ETHEL CREGGETT, UAPB FACILITIES MANAGEMENT RICHARD REDUS, UAPB TECHNICAL SUPPORT FRED FRAZER, UAPB-AQFI TECHNICAL SUPPORT ROSSIA BROUGHTON-BROWN AND AVERY SHELTON, UAPB FOOD SERVICES UAPB SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE FISHERIES AND HUMAN SCIENCES UAPB DEPARTMENT OF AQUACULTURE AND FISHERIES UAPB AQUACULTURE/FISHERIES CLUB THE EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE WOULD LIKE TO THANK OUR SPONSORS! January 10, 2018 Dear Chapter Membership: Welcome to the 32nd Annual Meeting of the Arkansas Chapter of the American Fisheries Society. Please make full use of this opportunity to reconnect with our fisheries colleagues from around the state, network with new ones, and learn about the excellent aquatic research that is occurring throughout Arkansas. For some, this will be an opportunity to visit a part of the state you have never seen. Take time to see Bayou Bartholomew, “The World’s Longest Bayou” and one of Arkansas’s most diverse stream communities that flows through Pine Bluff. You will also have the opportunity to learn more about the Arkansas Delta at the Arkansas Game and Fish Commission’s Mike Huckabee Delta Rivers Nature Center during the Welcome Social Tuesday evening. The Chapter’s Conference Organizing Committee has planned an excellent meeting.
    [Show full text]
  • Indiana Species April 2007
    Fishes of Indiana April 2007 The Wildlife Diversity Section (WDS) is responsible for the conservation and management of over 750 species of nongame and endangered wildlife. The list of Indiana's species was compiled by WDS biologists based on accepted taxonomic standards. The list will be periodically reviewed and updated. References used for scientific names are included at the bottom of this list. ORDER FAMILY GENUS SPECIES COMMON NAME STATUS* CLASS CEPHALASPIDOMORPHI Petromyzontiformes Petromyzontidae Ichthyomyzon bdellium Ohio lamprey lampreys Ichthyomyzon castaneus chestnut lamprey Ichthyomyzon fossor northern brook lamprey SE Ichthyomyzon unicuspis silver lamprey Lampetra aepyptera least brook lamprey Lampetra appendix American brook lamprey Petromyzon marinus sea lamprey X CLASS ACTINOPTERYGII Acipenseriformes Acipenseridae Acipenser fulvescens lake sturgeon SE sturgeons Scaphirhynchus platorynchus shovelnose sturgeon Polyodontidae Polyodon spathula paddlefish paddlefishes Lepisosteiformes Lepisosteidae Lepisosteus oculatus spotted gar gars Lepisosteus osseus longnose gar Lepisosteus platostomus shortnose gar Amiiformes Amiidae Amia calva bowfin bowfins Hiodonotiformes Hiodontidae Hiodon alosoides goldeye mooneyes Hiodon tergisus mooneye Anguilliformes Anguillidae Anguilla rostrata American eel freshwater eels Clupeiformes Clupeidae Alosa chrysochloris skipjack herring herrings Alosa pseudoharengus alewife X Dorosoma cepedianum gizzard shad Dorosoma petenense threadfin shad Cypriniformes Cyprinidae Campostoma anomalum central stoneroller
    [Show full text]
  • Fish Inventory at Stones River National Battlefield
    Fish Inventory at Stones River National Battlefield Submitted to: Department of the Interior National Park Service Cumberland Piedmont Network By Dennis Mullen Professor of Biology Department of Biology Middle Tennessee State University Murfreesboro, TN 37132 September 2006 Striped Shiner (Luxilus chrysocephalus) – nuptial male From Lytle Creek at Fortress Rosecrans Photograph by D. Mullen Table of Contents List of Tables……………………………………………………………………….iii List of Figures………………………………………………………………………iv List of Appendices…………………………………………………………………..v Executive Summary…………………………………………………………………1 Introduction…………………………………………………………………...……..2 Methods……………………………………………………………………………...3 Results……………………………………………………………………………….7 Discussion………………………………………………………………………….10 Conclusions………………………………………………………………………...14 Literature Cited…………………………………………………………………….15 ii List of Tables Table1: Location and physical characteristics (during September 2006, and only for the riverine sites) of sample sites for the STRI fish inventory………………………………17 Table 2: Biotic Integrity classes used in assessing fish communities along with general descriptions of their attributes (Karr et al. 1986) ………………………………………18 Table 3: List of fishes potentially occurring in aquatic habitats in and around Stones River National Battlefield………………………………………………………………..19 Table 4: Fish species list (by site) of aquatic habitats at STRI (October 2004 – August 2006). MF = McFadden’s Ford, KP = King Pond, RB = Redoubt Brannan, UP = Unnamed Pond at Redoubt Brannan, LC = Lytle Creek at Fortress Rosecrans……...….22 Table 5: Fish Species Richness estimates for the 3 riverine reaches of STRI and a composite estimate for STRI as a whole…………………………………………………24 Table 6: Index of Biotic Integrity (IBI) scores for three stream reaches at Stones River National Battlefield during August 2005………………………………………………...25 Table 7: Temperature and water chemistry of four of the STRI sample sites for each sampling date…………………………………………………………………………….26 Table 8 : Total length estimates of specific habitat types at each riverine sample site.
    [Show full text]
  • Darter Reproductive Seasons Author(S): Clark Hubbs Reviewed Work(S): Source: Copeia, Vol
    Darter Reproductive Seasons Author(s): Clark Hubbs Reviewed work(s): Source: Copeia, Vol. 1985, No. 1 (Feb. 11, 1985), pp. 56-68 Published by: American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/1444790 . Accessed: 10/01/2012 14:26 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of the Terms & Conditions of Use, available at . http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and facilitate new forms of scholarship. For more information about JSTOR, please contact [email protected]. American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists (ASIH) is collaborating with JSTOR to digitize, preserve and extend access to Copeia. http://www.jstor.org 56 COPEIA, 1985, NO. 1 changes in kinosternid turtles. J. Herpetol. 6:183- . 1938. Seasonal changes in the testes of the 189. musk turtle Sternotherusodoratus L. J. Morphol. 63: MCPHERSON, R. J., AND K. R. MARION. 1981. Sea- 301-317. sonal testicular cycle of the stinkpot turtle (Ster- SAINTGIRONS, H. 1982. Reproductive cycles of male notherus odoratus) in central Alabama. Herpetolog- snakes and their relationships with climate and fe- ica 37:33-40. male reproductive cycles. Herpetologica 38:5-16. MITCHELL, J. C. 1982. Population ecology and de- SPEAT, R. H. 1973. Seasonal variation in the tubular mography of the freshwater turtles Chrysemyspicta and interstitial areas of the testes in Sternothaerus and Sternotherusodoratus.
    [Show full text]
  • The Life History of the Slough Darter, Etheostoma Gracile (Pisces, Percidae)
    • 7iz THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE SLOUGH DARTER, ETHEOSTOMA GRACILE (PISCES, PERCIDAE) Marvin E. Braasch Philip W. Smith ILLINOIS NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY Biological Notes No. 58 Urbana, Illinois • June, 1967 State of Illinois Department of Registration and Education NATURAL HISTORY SURVEY DIVISION THE LIFE HISTORY OF THE SLOUGH DARTER, ETHEOSTOMA GRACILE (PISCES, PERCIDAE) Marvin E. Braasch and Philip W. Smith SEVERAL STUDIES HAVE BEEN PUBLISHED pore, but in the female the genital pore is distinctly on reproductive habits of darters (for a summary, see larger than the anal pore. Winn 1958) . However, a detailed life-history study The small young of the species can be readily dis- is not available for any of the eight species and sub- tinguished from juveniles of other darters occurring species of the subgenus Hololepis. The subgenus is an with them by the distinctly reddish eye, three small ecologically distinctive group of which all members typi- caudal spots, and pronounced upward flexure of the cally inhabit swamps, sloughs, and low-gradient streams groove for the lateral line. in the Coastal Plain and Mississippi River valley. The species was described by Girard (1859:103) as A surprising amount of ecological information has, Boleosoma gracile (type-locality Rio Seco, Fort Inge, nevertheless, been assembled by Hubbs & Cannon (1935) Uvalde County, Texas) and, until Bailey (1951) re- and especially by Collette (1962) through remarkably duced many nominal genera to subgeneric rank, was thorough reviews of others' published observations and variously placed in the genera Boleosoma, Boleichthys, through inferences drawn from morphology. This paper Poecilichthys, and Hololepis. Poecilichthys butlerianus on the slough darter, Etheostoma gracile (Girard) , the Hay, 1882 (type-locality Big Black River, Yazoo County, westernmost member of the subgenus, substantiates many Mississippi) (1882:61) and Poecilichthys palustris Gil- of Collette's (1962) inferences and supplies some miss- bert, 1884 (type-locality Switz City swamp, Greene ing details.
    [Show full text]
  • Upper Basin Pallid Sturgeon Recovery Workgroup Annual Report
    UPPER BASIN PALLID STURGEON RECOVERY WORKGROUP 2004 ANNUAL REPORT Upper Basin Pallid Sturgeon Workgroup c/o Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks 1420 East Sixth Helena MT 59620 August 2005 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION WORKGROUP MEETING NOTES 2004 Annual Meeting Notes – December 1-2, 2004 .............................................................5 March 9, 2005 Meeting Notes ...............................................................................................21 WORKGROUP LETTERS AND DOCUMENTS Intake BOR Letter..................................................................................................................29 Garrison Review Team Report Submission Letter to USFWS..............................................31 Review of pallid sturgeon culture at Garrison Dam NFH by the Upper Basin Pallid Sturgeon Review Team, March, 2005 ..............................................................36 RESEARCH AND MONITORING 2004 Pallid Sturgeon Recovery Efforts in the Upper Missouri River, Montana (RPMA #1), Bill Gardner, Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks, Lewistown, MT...................49 Habitat Use, Diet, and Growth of Hatchery-reared Juvenile Pallid Sturgeon And Indigenous shovelnose sturgeon in the Missouri River avove Fort Peck Reservoir, Montana, Paul C. Gerrity, Christopher S. Guy, and William M. Gardner, Montana Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Montana State University.............................65 Lower Missouri and Yellowstone Rivers Pallid Sturgeon Study, 2004 Report, Mtthew M. Klungle and Matthew W. Baxter, Montana
    [Show full text]
  • Species Status Assessment (SSA) Report for the Ozark Chub (Erimystax Harryi) Version 1.2
    Species Status Assessment (SSA) Report for the Ozark Chub (Erimystax harryi) Version 1.2 Ozark chub (Photo credit: Dustin Lynch, Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission) August 2019 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service - Arkansas Ecological Services Field Office This document was prepared by Alyssa Bangs (U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) – Arkansas Ecological Services Field Office), Bryan Simmons (USFWS—Missouri Ecological Services Field Office), and Brian Evans (USFWS –Southeast Regional Office). We greatly appreciate the assistance of Jeff Quinn (Arkansas Game and Fish Commission), Brian Wagner (Arkansas Game and Fish Commission), and Jacob Westhoff (Missouri Department of Conservation) who provided helpful information and review of the draft document. We also thank the peer reviewers, who provided helpful comments. Suggested reference: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. 2019. Species status assessment report for the Ozark chub (Erimystax harryi). Version 1.2. August 2019. Atlanta, GA. CONTENTS Chapter 1: Executive Summary 1 1.1 Background 1 1.2 Analytical Framework 1 CHAPTER 2 – Species Information 4 2.1 Taxonomy and Genetics 4 2.2 Species Description 5 2.3 Range 6 Historical Range and Distribution 6 Current Range and Distribution 8 2.4 Life History Habitat 9 Growth and Longevity 9 Reproduction 9 Feeding 10 CHAPTER 3 –Factors Influencing Viability and Current Condition Analysis 12 3.1 Factors Influencing Viability 12 Sedimentation 12 Water Temperature and Flow 14 Impoundments 15 Water Chemistry 16 Habitat Fragmentation 17 3.2 Model 17 Analytical
    [Show full text]
  • Information on the NCWRC's Scientific Council of Fishes Rare
    A Summary of the 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes in North Carolina Submitted by Bryn H. Tracy North Carolina Division of Water Resources North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources Raleigh, NC On behalf of the NCWRC’s Scientific Council of Fishes November 01, 2014 Bigeye Jumprock, Scartomyzon (Moxostoma) ariommum, State Threatened Photograph by Noel Burkhead and Robert Jenkins, courtesy of the Virginia Division of Game and Inland Fisheries and the Southeastern Fishes Council (http://www.sefishescouncil.org/). Table of Contents Page Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 3 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes In North Carolina ........... 4 Summaries from the 2010 Reevaluation of Status Listings for Jeopardized Freshwater Fishes in North Carolina .......................................................................................................................... 12 Recent Activities of NCWRC’s Scientific Council of Fishes .................................................. 13 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part I, Ohio Lamprey .............................................. 14 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part II, “Atlantic” Highfin Carpsucker ...................... 17 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part III, Tennessee Darter ...................................... 20 North Carolina’s Imperiled Fish Fauna, Part
    [Show full text]
  • Endangered Species
    FEATURE: ENDANGERED SPECIES Conservation Status of Imperiled North American Freshwater and Diadromous Fishes ABSTRACT: This is the third compilation of imperiled (i.e., endangered, threatened, vulnerable) plus extinct freshwater and diadromous fishes of North America prepared by the American Fisheries Society’s Endangered Species Committee. Since the last revision in 1989, imperilment of inland fishes has increased substantially. This list includes 700 extant taxa representing 133 genera and 36 families, a 92% increase over the 364 listed in 1989. The increase reflects the addition of distinct populations, previously non-imperiled fishes, and recently described or discovered taxa. Approximately 39% of described fish species of the continent are imperiled. There are 230 vulnerable, 190 threatened, and 280 endangered extant taxa, and 61 taxa presumed extinct or extirpated from nature. Of those that were imperiled in 1989, most (89%) are the same or worse in conservation status; only 6% have improved in status, and 5% were delisted for various reasons. Habitat degradation and nonindigenous species are the main threats to at-risk fishes, many of which are restricted to small ranges. Documenting the diversity and status of rare fishes is a critical step in identifying and implementing appropriate actions necessary for their protection and management. Howard L. Jelks, Frank McCormick, Stephen J. Walsh, Joseph S. Nelson, Noel M. Burkhead, Steven P. Platania, Salvador Contreras-Balderas, Brady A. Porter, Edmundo Díaz-Pardo, Claude B. Renaud, Dean A. Hendrickson, Juan Jacobo Schmitter-Soto, John Lyons, Eric B. Taylor, and Nicholas E. Mandrak, Melvin L. Warren, Jr. Jelks, Walsh, and Burkhead are research McCormick is a biologist with the biologists with the U.S.
    [Show full text]
  • ECOLOGY of NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES
    ECOLOGY of NORTH AMERICAN FRESHWATER FISHES Tables STEPHEN T. ROSS University of California Press Berkeley Los Angeles London © 2013 by The Regents of the University of California ISBN 978-0-520-24945-5 uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 1 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 2 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM TABLE 1.1 Families Composing 95% of North American Freshwater Fish Species Ranked by the Number of Native Species Number Cumulative Family of species percent Cyprinidae 297 28 Percidae 186 45 Catostomidae 71 51 Poeciliidae 69 58 Ictaluridae 46 62 Goodeidae 45 66 Atherinopsidae 39 70 Salmonidae 38 74 Cyprinodontidae 35 77 Fundulidae 34 80 Centrarchidae 31 83 Cottidae 30 86 Petromyzontidae 21 88 Cichlidae 16 89 Clupeidae 10 90 Eleotridae 10 91 Acipenseridae 8 92 Osmeridae 6 92 Elassomatidae 6 93 Gobiidae 6 93 Amblyopsidae 6 94 Pimelodidae 6 94 Gasterosteidae 5 95 source: Compiled primarily from Mayden (1992), Nelson et al. (2004), and Miller and Norris (2005). uucp-ross-book-color.indbcp-ross-book-color.indb 3 44/5/13/5/13 88:34:34 AAMM TABLE 3.1 Biogeographic Relationships of Species from a Sample of Fishes from the Ouachita River, Arkansas, at the Confl uence with the Little Missouri River (Ross, pers. observ.) Origin/ Pre- Pleistocene Taxa distribution Source Highland Stoneroller, Campostoma spadiceum 2 Mayden 1987a; Blum et al. 2008; Cashner et al. 2010 Blacktail Shiner, Cyprinella venusta 3 Mayden 1987a Steelcolor Shiner, Cyprinella whipplei 1 Mayden 1987a Redfi n Shiner, Lythrurus umbratilis 4 Mayden 1987a Bigeye Shiner, Notropis boops 1 Wiley and Mayden 1985; Mayden 1987a Bullhead Minnow, Pimephales vigilax 4 Mayden 1987a Mountain Madtom, Noturus eleutherus 2a Mayden 1985, 1987a Creole Darter, Etheostoma collettei 2a Mayden 1985 Orangebelly Darter, Etheostoma radiosum 2a Page 1983; Mayden 1985, 1987a Speckled Darter, Etheostoma stigmaeum 3 Page 1983; Simon 1997 Redspot Darter, Etheostoma artesiae 3 Mayden 1985; Piller et al.
    [Show full text]
  • Aquatic Fish Report
    Aquatic Fish Report Acipenser fulvescens Lake St urgeon Class: Actinopterygii Order: Acipenseriformes Family: Acipenseridae Priority Score: 27 out of 100 Population Trend: Unknown Gobal Rank: G3G4 — Vulnerable (uncertain rank) State Rank: S2 — Imperiled in Arkansas Distribution Occurrence Records Ecoregions where the species occurs: Ozark Highlands Boston Mountains Ouachita Mountains Arkansas Valley South Central Plains Mississippi Alluvial Plain Mississippi Valley Loess Plains Acipenser fulvescens Lake Sturgeon 362 Aquatic Fish Report Ecobasins Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - Arkansas River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - St. Francis River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain - White River Mississippi River Alluvial Plain (Lake Chicot) - Mississippi River Habitats Weight Natural Littoral: - Large Suitable Natural Pool: - Medium - Large Optimal Natural Shoal: - Medium - Large Obligate Problems Faced Threat: Biological alteration Source: Commercial harvest Threat: Biological alteration Source: Exotic species Threat: Biological alteration Source: Incidental take Threat: Habitat destruction Source: Channel alteration Threat: Hydrological alteration Source: Dam Data Gaps/Research Needs Continue to track incidental catches. Conservation Actions Importance Category Restore fish passage in dammed rivers. High Habitat Restoration/Improvement Restrict commercial harvest (Mississippi River High Population Management closed to harvest). Monitoring Strategies Monitor population distribution and abundance in large river faunal surveys in cooperation
    [Show full text]
  • As Assessment of Stream Fish Vulnerability and an Evaluation Of
    AN ASSESSMENT OF STREAM FISH VULNERABILITY AND AN EVALUATION OF CONSERVATION NETWORKS IN MISSOURI ___________________________________________________________ A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School at the University of Missouri ___________________________________________________________ In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science ___________________________________________________________ by NICHOLAS A. SIEVERT DR. CRAIG P. PAUKERT, THESIS SUPERVISOR DECEMBER 2014 The undersigned, appointed by the dean of the Graduate School, have examined the thesis entitled: AN ASSESSMENT OF STREAM FISH VULNERABILITY AND AN EVALUATION OF CONSERVATION NETWORKS IN MISSOURI Presented by Nicholas A. Sievert A candidate for the degree of Master of Science And hereby certify that, in their opinion, it is worthy of acceptance. ______________________________________ Dr. Craig Paukert ______________________________________ Dr. Joanna Whittier ______________________________________ Dr. Timothy Matisziw ______________________________________ Dr. Michelle Staudinger ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I would first like to thank the United States Geological Service National Climate Change and Wildlife Science Center for funding this project. I would also like to thank the Missouri Department of Conservation (MDC) for providing the fish community data which served as the foundation upon which this project was completed. Specifically, I would like to thank Matt Combes and Dr. Doug Novinger, who not only provided me with tremendous sources of data for Missouri’s stream fish communities, but also shared with me their expertise and knowledge by reviewing my work and offering invaluable insights. Dorothy Butler of MDC also generously provided fish records from the Missouri Natural Heritage Database. I would also like to thank Gust Annis and the Missouri Resource Assessment Partnership for providing me with GIS data without which this project would not have been possible.
    [Show full text]