DOCSLIB.ORG

Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge Amphibians, Fish, Mammals and Reptiles List

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge Amphibians, Fish, Mammals and Reptiles List U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge Amphibians, Fish, Mammals and Reptiles List The Okefenokee swamp is covered with Mammals ___Seminole Bat cypress, blackgum, and bay forests (Lasiurus seminolus). A common bat of scattered throughout a flooded prairie ___Virginia Opossum the Okefenokee which is found hanging in made of grasses, sedges, and various (Didelphis virginiana pigna). Common on Spanish Moss during the day. the swamp edge and the islands within aquatic plants. The peripheral upland and ___Hoary Bat the almost 70 islands within the swamp the Swamp. A night prowler. “Pogo” is often seen by campers. (Lasiurus cinereus cinereus). This are forested with pine interspersed with yellowish-brown bat flies high in the air hardwood hammocks. Lakes of varying ___Southern Short-Tailed Shrew late at night and will hang in trees when sizes and depths, and floating sections (Barina carolinensis). A specimen was resting. It is the largest bat in the East of the peat bed, are also part of the found on Floyds Island June 12, 1921. It and eats mostly moths. Okefenokee terrain. kills its prey with poisonous saliva. ___Northern Yellow Bat People have left their mark on the swamp. ___Least Shrew (Lasiurus intermedius floridanus). A 12-mile long canal was dug into the (Cryptotus parva parva). Rarely seen but Apparently a rare species in the area. It eastern prairies in the 1890’s in a failed probably fairly common. Specimens have likes to feed in groups. attempt to drain the swamp. During the been found on several of the islands, on early 1900’s large amounts of timber were the swamp edge, and in the pine woods ___Evening Bat removed, so that very few areas of virgin around the swamp. (Nycticeius humeralis). Once the most common bat in the swamp, it is now forest remain. In an attempt to reduce ___Eastern Mole the potential for wildfires, a sill was built uncommon due to the decreases in man- (Scalopus aquaticus australis). Generally made structures which are common in the early 1960’s to control the water distributed on the upland adjacent to the flowing out of the Okefenokee into the nursery sites. It flies lower as the night swamp and has been found on some of the progresses. Suwanne River. islands within the swamp. The Okefenokee is a rainfall-dependent ___Rafinesque’s Big-Eared Bat ___Star-Nosed Mole (Plecotus rafinesquii). A rather system, and when periods of drought (Condylura cristata). Apparently rare. occur, the area becomes susceptible to uncommon species in the area. They can Nose surrounded by finger like, fleshy hover like butterflies to pick off insects wildfire. A 20/30 year cycle of drought projections. and fire has allowed the Okefenokee to and fold their ears when at rest. exist as the unique wetland it is. These ___Southeastern Myotis ___Brazilian Free-Tailed Bat periods cause changes in the abundance (Myotis austroriparius austroriparius). (Tadarida brasiliensis cynocephala). An of certain plants (more grasses growing Species of bat native to Southeast uncommon species in this area. One of the in exposed areas,) the nesting success of Georgia. highest flying bats. certain wading birds (failure in extreme ___Eastern Pipistrelle ___Armadillo drought), and the location of some species (Pipistrellus subflavus subflavus). A fairly (Dasypus novemcinctus mexicanus). This of wildlife (fish migrate into deeper common species in the area. One of the unusual “ground” mammal was first seen lakes and channels and are followed by smallest eastern bats. on the refuge in 1968. Since then it has predators.) ___Big Brown Bat become more numerous and is commonly With its varied habitats, the Okefenokee (Eptesicus fuscus fuscus). An uncommon seen along roadways and trails. has become an area known for its species in the area. The fastest known bat ___Marsh Rabbit abundance of plants and animals. There with speeds of 40 mph. (Sylvilagus palustria palustris). Fairly are over 620 species of plants growing in ___Red Bat common on the swamp edge. Frequently the swamp. Animals include 39 fish, 37 (Lasiurus borealis borealis). An takes to water to escape enemies and amphibian, 64 reptile, 234 bird, and 50 uncommon species in the area. One of the often walks on its hind legs. Tail is gray mammal species. Use the following list to few mammals in which males and females underneath. help identify Okefenokee inhabitants. are different colors. *Indicates endangered or threatened Okefenokee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service National Wildlife Refuge http://www.fws.gov 2700 Suwannee Canal Road 1 800/344 WILD Folkston, GA 31537 912/496 7836 voice/TDD July 2009 http://www.fws.gov/okefenokee U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service / Okefenokee NWR Amphibians, Fish, Mammals and Reptiles List Mammals continued ___Hispid Cotton Rat ___Long-Tailed Weasel (Signodon hispidus hispiedus). A common (Mustela frenata olivacea). This species ___Eastern Cottontail mammal in the pine woods and old fields is probably more common than the few (Sylvilagus floridanus mallurus). Common on the upland around the swamp. observations would indicate. Specimens around clearings and in the more sparse ___Eastern Woodrat have been found on Billy’s Island and on pine woods on the uplands surrounding Chesser Island. the swamp and on some of the islands. (Neotoma floridana floridana). Fairly Females have territories and males may common throughout the swamp and in ___Mink be seen in courtship dances at night. the hammocks on the upland. Also known (Mustela vison mink). Very rarely seen locally as the Packrat because of its habit in the Okefenokee, this chiefly nocturnal ___Gray Squirrel of building a huge pile of sticks for its nest, animal is an excellent swimmer. (Sciurus carolinensis carolinensis). and for collecting shiny objects. Abundant in the blackgum bay forests in ___Striped Skunk the swamp and in the oak woodlands on ___Woodland Vole (Mephitis mephitis elongata). This species the upland. (Microtus pinetorum parvulus). Tunnels is generally distributed on the upland through leaf mold and loose soil near surrounding the swamp and is found ___Fox Squirrel the surface of the upland areas and eats occasionally on the islands. (Sciurus niger niger). Uncommon in the bulbs, tubers, and seeds. pine forests surrounding the swamp and ___River Otter along roads. Its head is black with white ___Round-Tailed Muskrat (Lontra canadensis vaga). Occasionally on the ears and nose. (Neofiber alleni exoristus). Occasionally observed along the water courses, seen in the prairies where a bulky grass especially during the winter. ___Southern Flying Squirrel house is constructed over the water along ___Florida Panther* (Glaucomys volans querceti). This species with a feeding platform. is rarely seen because of its nocturnal (Felis concolor coryi). Apparently this habits, but is fairly common, particularly ___Black Rat species was never more than of rare in pine/oak uplands. (Rattus rattus rattus). This was the occurrence in the vicinity of the swamp. common barn rat when farming was ___Bobcat ___Georgia Pocket Gopher practiced on some of the islands within (Geomys pinetis pinetis). Uncommon on (Lynx rufus floridanus). Common the swamp. It probably occurs now on throughout the swamp and on the dry, sandy sites on the east side of the farmsteads in the vicinity but not on the swamp. Rarely seen above ground. surrounding uplands. Occasionally seen refuge. along Swamp Island Drive. ___Southeastern Pocket Gopher ___Roof Rat ___Wild Pig (Geomys pinetis floridianus). An (Rattus rattus alexandrinus). It was a uncommon species of this area. (Sus scrofa). These feral pigs were common barn rat when farming was introduced by the early settlers of the ___Beaver practiced in the swamp but it probably swamp. (Castor canadensis carolinensis). The occurs now only in the vicinity. ___White-Tailed Deer first record of beavers in the swamp was ___House Mouse in 1969. Their population, never very (Odocoileus virginianus). These deer can (Mus musculus musculus). Formerly be found throughout the refuge even high, varies from time to time, probably common around habitations but now that because of alligators. travelling across prairies from island to few people live within the swamp, it has island. ___Marsh Rice Rat probably disappeared from the area. Very (Oryzomys palustris palustris). A fairly likely it is still common around human Fish common mammal throughout the swamp. habitations in the vicinity of the swamp. _____ Florida Gar ___Eastern Harvest Mouse ___Gray Fox (Lepisosteus platyrhincus) (Reithrodontomys humilus humilus). (Urocyon cinereoargenteus floridanus). Found in the prairies and in old fields Fairly common on the upland around the _____ Bowfin (Amia calva) near the swamp’s edge. swamp. Has the ability to climb trees. _____ American Eel (Anguilla rostrata) ___Oldfield Mouse ___Red Fox (Peromyscus polionotus polionotus). (Vulpes fulva fulva). This species is rare _____ Redfin Pickerel Feeds on seeds and berries. but occurs occasionally on the upland in (Esox americanus americanus) ___Cotton Mouse the vicinity of the swamp. _____ Chain Pickerel (Esox niger) (Ochrotomys nuttalli aureolis). Common ___Black Bear throughout the area. Found under (Ursus americanus floridianus). Bears _____ Eastern Mudminnow palmetto scrub. Good tree climber and range throughout the refuge. Look for (Umbra pygmaea) swimmer. them wherever berries and acorns area _____ Lake Chubsucker ___Golden Mouse abundant. (Erimyzon sucetta) (Ochrotomys nuttalli aureolis). This ___Raccoon _____ Spotted Chubsucker (Procyon lotor
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Herpetological Review
    Herpetological Review FARANCIA ERYTROGRAMMA (Rainbow Snake). HABITAT. Submitted by STAN J. HUTCHENS (e-mail: [email protected]) and CHRISTOPHER S. DEPERNO, (e-mail: [email protected]), Fisheries and Wildlife Pro- gram, North Carolina State University, 110 Brooks Ave., Raleigh, North Carolina 27607, USA. canadensis) dams reduced what little fl ow existed in some canals to standing quagmires more representative of the habitat selected by Eastern Mudsnakes (Farancia abacura; Neill 1964, op. cit.). Interestingly, one A. rostrata was observed near BNS, but none was captured within the swamp. It is possible that Rainbow Snakes leave bordering fl uvial habitats in pursuit of young eels that wan- dered into canals and swamp habitats. Capturing such a secretive and uncommon species as F. ery- trogramma in unexpected habitat encourages consideration of their delicate ecological niche. Declining population indices for American Eels along the eastern United States are attributed to overfi shing, parasitism, habitat loss, pollution, and changes in major currents related to climate change (Hightower and Nesnow 2006. Southeast. Nat. 5:693–710). Eel declines could negatively impact population sizes and distributions of Rainbow Snakes, especially in inland areas. We believe future studies based on con- fi rmed Rainbow Snake occurrences from museum records or North Carolina GAP data could better delineate the range within North Carolina. Additionally, sampling for American Eels to determine their population status and distribution in North Carolina could augment population and distribution data for Rainbow Snakes. We thank A. Braswell, J. Jensen, and P. Moler for comments on earlier drafts of this manuscript. Submitted by STAN J. HUTCHENS (e-mail: [email protected]) and CHRISTOPHER S.
    [Show full text]
  • Box Turtles July 2017
    The HERP Project, Herpetology Education in Rural Places and Spaces In Awe of Nature: Treasuring Terrestrial Turtles By Ann Berry Somers, Catherine Matthews, and Lacey Huffling The Herp Project is supported by the National Science Foundation, Grant No. DRL-1114558. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. Treasuring Terrestrial Turtles Before starting a project like the one described in this curriculum, contact your state wildlife resources commission or state division of fish and game to see what permits you need to work with box turtles. I. Project Description This curriculum was developed by The HERP (Herpetology Education in Rural Places and Spaces) Project to introduce participants to the wonders of nature and science through the study of box turtles (Terrapene spp.). The curriculum was developed over several years of working with high school students in our Herpetological Research Experience (HRE) residential program. Feel free to modify this curriculum as needed. In our program, participants are introduced to turtle biology as well as to The Box Turtle Connection (BTC), our long-term mark/recapture box turtle study in North Carolina. The BTC is designed to follow temporal trends in population size and structure (sex, age class) as well as the health and condition of individual box turtles from numerous sites across North Carolina. The data collected are important to help scientists determine if box turtles need special conservation measures to maintain their populations and thrive in their natural habitat. Our box turtle studies are enhanced by use of Boykin Spaniel dogs to locate and retrieve box turtles and use of radio tracking to determine activity ranges for male and female box turtles.
    [Show full text]
  • Okefenokee Swamp and St. Marys River Named Among America's
    Okefenokee Swamp and St. Marys River named Among America’s Most Endangered Rivers of 2020 Mining threatens, fish and wildlife habitat; wetlands; water quality and flow Contact: Ben Emanuel, American Rivers, 706-340-8868 Christian Hunt, Defenders of Wildlife 828-417-0862 Rena Ann Peck, Georgia River Network, 404-395-6250 Alice Miller Keyes, One Hundred Miles, 912-230-6494 Alex Kearns, St. Marys EarthKeepers, 912-322-7367 Washington, D.C. –American Rivers today named the Okefenokee Swamp and St. Marys River among America’s Most Endangered Rivers®, citing the threat titanium mining would pose to the waterways’ clean water, wetlands and wildlife habitat. American Rivers and its partners called on the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and other permitting agencies to deny any proposals that risk the long-term protection of the Okefenokee Swamp and St. Marys River. “America’s Most Endangered Rivers is a call to action,” said Ben Emanuel, Atlanta- based Clean Water Supply Director with American Rivers. “Some places are simply too precious to allow risky mining operations, and the edge of the unique Okefenokee Swamp is one. The Army Corps of Engineers must deny the permit to save this national treasure.” The annual America’s Most Endangered Rivers report is a list of rivers at a crossroads, where key decisions in the coming months will determine the rivers’ fates. Over the years, the report has helped spur many successes including the removal of outdated dams, the protection of rivers with Wild and Scenic designations, and the prevention of harmful development and pollution. Rena Ann Peck, Executive Director of Georgia River Network, explains "The Okefenokee Swamp is like the heart of the regional Floridan aquifer system in southeast Georgia and northeast Florida.
    [Show full text]
  • Appendices to the Final Environmental Impact Statement
    Daniel Boone National Forest Appendix H Appendix H VIABILITY EVALUATION TABLES TERRESTRIAL HABITAT ELEMENTS, TABLE H – 1 Outcomes for terrestrial habitat elements are provided in Table H - 1, using the four variables described in the Terrestrial Species Viability Evaluation section of Chapter 3. These variables indicate expected habitat condition following 50 years of implementing each alternative. Key to Table H – 1 Habitat Abundance – Values used to categorize projected abundance of each habitat element after 50 years of implementing each forest plan revision alternative. Code Description R Rare. The habitat element is rare, with generally less than 100 occurrences, or patches of the element generally covering less than one percent of the planning area. O Occasional. The habitat element is encountered occasionally, and generally found on one to ten percent of the planning area. C Common. The habitat element is abundant and frequently encountered, and generally found on more than ten percent of the planning area. Habitat Distribution – Values used to categorize projected distribution of each habitat element after 50 years of implementing each forest plan revision alternative. Code Description P Poor. The habitat element is poorly distributed within the planning area and intermixed lands relative to conditions present prior to European settlement. Number and size of high quality habitat patches is greatly reduced. F Fair. The habitat element is fairly well distributed within the planning area and intermixed lands relative to conditions present prior to European settlement. Number and size of high quality habitat patches is somewhat reduced. G Good. The habitat element is well distributed within the planning area and intermixed lands relative to conditions present prior to European settlement.
    [Show full text]
  • Prey Records for the Eastern Indigo Snake {Drymarchon Couperi)
    2010 SOUTHEASTERN NATURALIST 9(1):1-18 Prey Records for the Eastern Indigo Snake {Drymarchon couperi) Dirk J. Stevenson'*, M. Rebecca Bolt^ Daniel J. Smith', Kevin M. Enge^ Natalie L. Hyslop'^ Terry M. Norton'•^ and Karen J. Abstract - Prey items for the federally protected Easteni Indigo Snake (Drymarchort couperi) were compiled from published and gray literature, field observations, necrop- sies, dissection of museum specimens, and personal communications from reliable sources. One hundred and eighty-six records were obtained for 48 different prey spe- cies. Anurans, Gopher Tortoises, snakes, and rodents comprised ca. 85% of the prey items. Most records (n = 143) that mentioned size were from adult indigos; 17 were from juveniles. Prey records were collected from 1940-2008 and were available for all months of the year. These data confirm that Eastern Indigo Snakes eat a wide assortment of prey of varying sizes. This strategy allows D. couperi to potentially forage success- fully in many different types of habitats and under fluctuating environmental conditions, a valuable trait for a lop-level predator that requires a large home range. IatroducHon Drymarchon couperi Holbrook (Eastern Indigo Snake), with a maximum recorded total length of 2629 mm, is one of the largest snakes in North America (Conant and Collins 1991). It has been federally listed as Threat- ened since 1978 under the Endangered Species Act (US Fish and Wildlife Service 1978). Drymarchon couperi is diurnal and mostly terrestrial (Layne and Steiner 1996, US Fish and Wildlife Service 2008). Of the two main hunt- ing strategies employed by snakes (ambush predator vs. active forager; see Mushinsky 1987), D.
    [Show full text]
  • Contributions of Intensively Managed Forests to the Sustainability of Wildlife Communities in the South
    CONTRIBUTIONS OF INTENSIVELY MANAGED FORESTS TO THE SUSTAINABILITY OF WILDLIFE COMMUNITIES IN THE SOUTH T. Bently Wigley1, William M. Baughman, Michael E. Dorcas, John A. Gerwin, J. Whitfield Gibbons, David C. Guynn, Jr., Richard A. Lancia, Yale A. Leiden, Michael S. Mitchell, Kevin R. Russell ABSTRACT Wildlife communities in the South are increasingly influenced by land use changes associated with human population growth and changes in forest management strategies on both public and private lands. Management of industry-owned landscapes typically results in a diverse mixture of habitat types and spatial arrangements that simultaneously offers opportunities to maintain forest cover, address concerns about fragmentation, and provide habitats for a variety of wildlife species. We report here on several recent studies of breeding bird and herpetofaunal communities in industry-managed landscapes in South Carolina. Study landscapes included the 8,100-ha GilesBay/Woodbury Tract, owned and managed by International Paper Company, and 62,363-ha of the Ashley and Edisto Districts, owned and managed by Westvaco Corporation. Breeding birds were sampled in both landscapes from 1995-1999 using point counts, mist netting, nest searching, and territory mapping. A broad survey of herpetofauna was conducted during 1996-1998 across the Giles Bay/Woodbury Tract using a variety of methods, including: searches of natural cover objects, time-constrained searches, drift fences with pitfall traps, coverboards, automated recording systems, minnow traps, and turtle traps. Herpetofaunal communities were sampled more intensively in both landscapes during 1997-1999 in isolated wetland and selected structural classes. The study landscapes supported approximately 70 bird and 72 herpetofaunal species, some of which are of conservation concern.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Succession on Burned Areas in Okefenokee Swamp Following the Fires of 1954 and 1955 EUGENE CYPERT Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge U.S
    Plant Succession on Burned Areas in Okefenokee Swamp Following the Fires of 1954 and 1955 EUGENE CYPERT Okefenokee National Wildlife Refuge U.S. Bureau of Sport Fisheries and 'Wildlife Waycross, GA 31501 INTRODUCTION IN 1954 and 1955, during an extreme drought, five major fires occurred in Okefenokee Swamp. These fires swept over approximately 318,000 acres of the swamp and 140,000 acres of the adjacent upland. In some areas in the swamp, the burning was severe enough to kill most of the timber and the understory vegetation and burn out pockets in the peat bed. Burns of this severity were usually small and spotty. Over most of the swamp, the burns were surface fires which generally killed most of the underbrush but rarely burned deep enough into the peat bed to kill the larger trees. In many places the swamp fires swept over lightly, burning surface duff and killing only the smaller underbrush. Some areas were missed entirely. On the upland adjacent to the swamp, the fires were very de­ structive, killing most of the pine timber on the 140,000 acres burned over. The destruction of pine forests on the upland and the severe 199 EUGENE CYPERT burns in the swamp caused considerable concern among conservation­ ists and neighboring land owners. It was believed desirable to learn something of the succession of vegetation on some of the more severely burned areas. Such knowl­ edge would add to an understanding of the ecology and history of the swamp and to an understanding of the relation that fires may have to swamp wildlife.
    [Show full text]
  • Species Results from Database Search
    Species Results From Database Search Category Reptiles Common Name Alabama Map Turtle Scientific Name Graptemys pulchra LCC Global Trust N No. of States 1 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Black Kingsnake Scientific Name Lampropeltis getula nigra LCC Global Trust N No. of States 2 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Black Racer Scientific Name Coluber constrictor constrictor LCC Global Trust N No. of States 1 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Black Rat Snake Scientific Name Elaphe obsoleta LCC Global Trust N No. of States 2 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Bog turtle Scientific Name Clemmys (Glyptemys) muhlen LCC Global Trust Y No. of States 4 Habitat_Feature Monday, January 28, 2013 Page 1 of 14 Category Reptiles Common Name Broadhead Skink Scientific Name Eumeces laticeps LCC Global Trust N No. of States 5 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Coal Skink Scientific Name Eumeces anthracinus LCC Global Trust Y No. of States 8 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Common Five-lined Skink Scientific Name Eumeces fasciatus LCC Global Trust N No. of States 2 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Common Map Turtle Scientific Name Graptemys geographica LCC Global Trust N No. of States 6 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Common Musk Turtle Scientific Name Sternotherus odoratus LCC Global Trust N No. of States 2 Habitat_Feature Monday, January 28, 2013 Page 2 of 14 Category Reptiles Common Name Common Ribbonsnake Scientific Name Thamnophis sauritus sauritus LCC Global Trust N No. of States 6 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Common Snapping Turtle Scientific Name Chelydra serpentina LCC Global Trust N No. of States 2 Habitat_Feature Category Reptiles Common Name Corn snake Scientific Name Elaphe guttata guttata LCC Global Trust N No.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterization of the G Protein-Coupled Receptor Family
    www.nature.com/scientificreports OPEN Characterization of the G protein‑coupled receptor family SREB across fsh evolution Timothy S. Breton1*, William G. B. Sampson1, Benjamin Cliford2, Anyssa M. Phaneuf1, Ilze Smidt3, Tamera True1, Andrew R. Wilcox1, Taylor Lipscomb4,5, Casey Murray4 & Matthew A. DiMaggio4 The SREB (Super‑conserved Receptors Expressed in Brain) family of G protein‑coupled receptors is highly conserved across vertebrates and consists of three members: SREB1 (orphan receptor GPR27), SREB2 (GPR85), and SREB3 (GPR173). Ligands for these receptors are largely unknown or only recently identifed, and functions for all three are still beginning to be understood, including roles in glucose homeostasis, neurogenesis, and hypothalamic control of reproduction. In addition to the brain, all three are expressed in gonads, but relatively few studies have focused on this, especially in non‑mammalian models or in an integrated approach across the entire receptor family. The purpose of this study was to more fully characterize sreb genes in fsh, using comparative genomics and gonadal expression analyses in fve diverse ray‑fnned (Actinopterygii) species across evolution. Several unique characteristics were identifed in fsh, including: (1) a novel, fourth euteleost‑specifc gene (sreb3b or gpr173b) that likely emerged from a copy of sreb3 in a separate event after the teleost whole genome duplication, (2) sreb3a gene loss in Order Cyprinodontiformes, and (3) expression diferences between a gar species and teleosts. Overall, gonadal patterns suggested an important role for all sreb genes in teleost testicular development, while gar were characterized by greater ovarian expression that may refect similar roles to mammals. The novel sreb3b gene was also characterized by several unique features, including divergent but highly conserved amino acid positions, and elevated brain expression in pufer (Dichotomyctere nigroviridis) that more closely matched sreb2, not sreb3a.
    [Show full text]
  • Checklist Reptile and Amphibian
    To report sightings, contact: Natural Resources Coordinator 980-314-1119 www.parkandrec.com REPTILE AND AMPHIBIAN CHECKLIST Mecklenburg County, NC: 66 species Mole Salamanders ☐ Pickerel Frog ☐ Ground Skink (Scincella lateralis) ☐ Spotted Salamander (Rana (Lithobates) palustris) Whiptails (Ambystoma maculatum) ☐ Southern Leopard Frog ☐ Six-lined Racerunner ☐ Marbled Salamander (Rana (Lithobates) sphenocephala (Aspidoscelis sexlineata) (Ambystoma opacum) (sphenocephalus)) Nonvenomous Snakes Lungless Salamanders Snapping Turtles ☐ Eastern Worm Snake ☐ Dusky Salamander (Desmognathus fuscus) ☐ Common Snapping Turtle (Carphophis amoenus) ☐ Southern Two-lined Salamander (Chelydra serpentina) ☐ Scarlet Snake1 (Cemophora coccinea) (Eurycea cirrigera) Box and Water Turtles ☐ Black Racer (Coluber constrictor) ☐ Three-lined Salamander ☐ Northern Painted Turtle ☐ Ring-necked Snake (Eurycea guttolineata) (Chrysemys picta) (Diadophis punctatus) ☐ Spring Salamander ☐ Spotted Turtle2, 6 (Clemmys guttata) ☐ Corn Snake (Pantherophis guttatus) (Gyrinophilus porphyriticus) ☐ River Cooter (Pseudemys concinna) ☐ Rat Snake (Pantherophis alleghaniensis) ☐ Slimy Salamander (Plethodon glutinosus) ☐ Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene carolina) ☐ Eastern Hognose Snake ☐ Mud Salamander (Pseudotriton montanus) ☐ Yellow-bellied Slider (Trachemys scripta) (Heterodon platirhinos) ☐ Red Salamander (Pseudotriton ruber) ☐ Red-eared Slider3 ☐ Mole Kingsnake Newts (Trachemys scripta elegans) (Lampropeltis calligaster) ☐ Red-spotted Newt Mud and Musk Turtles ☐ Eastern Kingsnake
    [Show full text]
  • Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S
    Summary Report of Freshwater Nonindigenous Aquatic Species in U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 4—An Update April 2013 Prepared by: Pam L. Fuller, Amy J. Benson, and Matthew J. Cannister U.S. Geological Survey Southeast Ecological Science Center Gainesville, Florida Prepared for: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Southeast Region Atlanta, Georgia Cover Photos: Silver Carp, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix – Auburn University Giant Applesnail, Pomacea maculata – David Knott Straightedge Crayfish, Procambarus hayi – U.S. Forest Service i Table of Contents Table of Contents ...................................................................................................................................... ii List of Figures ............................................................................................................................................ v List of Tables ............................................................................................................................................ vi INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................. 1 Overview of Region 4 Introductions Since 2000 ....................................................................................... 1 Format of Species Accounts ...................................................................................................................... 2 Explanation of Maps ................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • The Spatial Ecology of the Eastern Box Turtle (Terrapene Carolina Carolina) in a Fragmented Landscape in Southeast Tennessee, Hamilton County
    THE SPATIAL ECOLOGY OF THE EASTERN BOX TURTLE (TERRAPENE CAROLINA CAROLINA) IN A FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE IN SOUTHEAST TENNESSEE, HAMILTON COUNTY By Mark J. Dillard Thomas P. Wilson David A. Aborn UC Foundation Associate Professor of Associate Professor of Biology Biology Committee Member Committee Chair Bradley R. Reynolds Senior Lecturer of Environmental Science Committee Member THE SPATIAL ECOLOGY OF THE EASTERN BOX TURTLE (TERRAPENE CAROLINACAROLINA) IN A FRAGMENTED LANDSCAPE IN SOUTHEAST TENNESSEE, HAMILTON COUNTY By Mark J. Dillard A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the University of Tennessee at Chattanooga in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements of the Degree of Master of Science: Environmental Science The University of Tennessee at Chattanooga Chattanooga, Tennessee December 2016 ii Copyright © 2016 By Mark John Dillard All Rights Reserved iii ABSTRACT The landscape throughout the range of the Eastern Box turtle (Terrapene carolina carolina) has been altered significantly since the late 1880s by habitat fragmentation. In this study, the spatial ecology and seasonal movement patterns of the Eastern Box turtle in contrasting habitat types are investigated. Eastern Box turtles had home ranges that averaged (mean = 3.77 ± 2.82 ha, minimum convex polygon) in size among individuals. There was no significant difference between mean annual home range size and movement patterns between males and females; however, home range size for male turtles was larger during the summer versus spring activity season (P = 0.02). At the landscape level, turtles used eastern deciduous forest and successional habitats and they selected sites with ample ground and canopy cover. These findings can be used to better conserve the habitats and populations of the Eastern Box turtle.
    [Show full text]