Environmental Screening Report

Kandy Drainage Improvement; Rehabilitation of Meda Ela

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Public Disclosure Authorized

Project Management Unit Strategic Cities Development Project

Public Disclosure Authorized

July 2015

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 1 Table of Contents

1. Project Identification 03

2. Project Location 03

3. Project Justification 09

4. Project Description 10

5. Description of the Existing Environment 24

6. Public Consultation 32

7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures 35

7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts 35

7b. Environmental Management Plan 42

8. Cost of Mitigation 67

9. Conclusion and Screening Decision 69

10. EMP Implementation responsibilities and Costs 72

11. Screening Decision Recommendation 72

12. Details of Persons Responsible for the Environmental Screening 73

Annexes 1. Location Map of the Project Area 2. Geological and Soil Map of the Project Area 3. Environmental Sensitive Area Map of the Project Area 4. Layout Plan along with some cross sections 5. List of Trees to be removed 6. Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation 7. Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation 8. Best Practices in Waste Management

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 2

Strategic Cities Development Project Environmental Screening Report

1. Project Identification

Project title Strategic Cities Development Project

Kandy Drainage Improvement: Rehabilitation of Meda-Ela

Project Proponent Strategic Cities Development Project of the Ministry of UrbanDevelopment, Water Supply and Drainage, Sri Lanka financed by the World Bank

2. Project Location

Location Kandy, Central Province. (relative to the nearest town, highway) Location of the project is given in Annexure 01. Definition of Project Area Meda Ela which is 4.4 Km long is the main drainage path for the

southern part of the city of Kandy. It commences from the spillway of (The geographical extent of the project & areas the Kandy Lake, flows in a south westerly direction adjacent to the affected during William GopallawaMawatha and discharges into the Mahaweli Ganga construction) at Getambe (Figure 1).

Figure1: Hydro Network of Meda Ela

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 3 The initial reach of the Meda Ela, from the spillway of the Kandy Lake to about 1.3 km, consists of two sections of underground conduits in the city centre area, and an open drain joining the two underground sections.

Figure 2: Entry Point to the First Open Reach

Figure 3: First Open Reach Flows through Urbanized Area

In the downstream area, theMeda Ela flows as an open drain close to the William GoppallawaMawatha and the Railway line, crossing the William GopallawaMawatha(at Ch. 1+870m)and the railway line(at Ch.4+220m) close to the discharge point at Getambe. Figure 4 shows end of the underground section near the Edmond Silva playground at Deiyannewela (Ch. 0+780m).

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 4

Figure 4: End of the Underground Section at Deiyannewela

In the upstream reach of this drain section up to the William GoppallawaMawatha Bridge, the drain runs through heavily built up areas, with structures forming along the banks of the drain (Fig 5). The railway line and the William GoppallawaMawatha are on either side of the drain, and are very close near the bridge. Over 20 foot bridges crossings and 3 road crossings can be seen in this reach. The Meda Ela takes two sharp bends both sides of the William GoppallawaMawathaBridge.

Figure 5 : Built Up Area Upstream to William GoppallawaMawatha Bridge Downstream of the bridge, the drain is around 2.5 km in length. In this

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 5 reach, the first 1.7 km the banks are protected with Gabions and Rubble Masonry walls (See Fig.6), and the balance length the banks are unprotected (See Figure 7).

Figure 6: Protected with Gabions at Downstream to theMedaBowala Junction

Figure 7: Unprotected Banks at Downstream

Hydraulic parameters of Meda Ela is given below.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 6 Max: Bed Bottom Water Max Max: Max: level Chainage (m) width Level Discharg Depth Velocit (m (m) (m e (m3/s) (m) y (m/s) MSL) MSL) 0.00 2.38 489.00 490.74 41.46 1.74 8.11 0+139.90 4.50 488.40 490.10 41.41 1.70 5.41 0+256.95 7.67 487.90 489.87 71.18 1.97 3.90 0+281.52 4.95 487.90 489.81 71.17 1.92 7.10 0+284 (Underground opening) 4.95 487.79 489.80 71.17 2.01 7.53 0+775 (Underground opening) (drop 0.5m) 3.91 482.45 484.56 71.26 2.11 7.95 0+776.63 3.91 482.00 484.55 71.26 2.55 4.86 0+797.93 3.97 481.88 484.51 79.16 2.63 7.58 0+803 (Bridge 10) 5.30 481.84 484.33 79.19 2.49 5.78 0+809.64 5.70 481.81 484.32 79.23 2.51 5.55 0+996.82 3.62 480.77 483.54 80.62 2.77 8.07 1+053.85 3.71 480.77 483.34 81.02 2.57 7.66 1+196 (Bridge 18) 4.37 479.60 482.82 82.29 3.22 6.33 1+221.07 5.00 479.52 482.61 82.50 3.09 7.72 1+237.31 (drop 0.5m) 4.04 479.00 482.57 82.67 3.57 10.44 1+534.29 3.82 477.45 480.72 132.71 3.27 10.08 1+556 (Bridge 24) 4.60 477.30 480.61 132.92 3.31 9.36 1+847.55 6.50 475.77 478.32 135.08 2.55 7.17 1+875 (Bridge 32) 8.60 475.58 477.90 135.35 2.32 7.19 1+888.8 (drop 0.25m) 9.84 475.41 477.59 135.42 2.18 6.32

1+921.77 6.70 475.27 477.46 135.65 2.19 9.25 2+305.15 12.92 473.63 475.90 142.81 2.27 5.16 2+445 (Bridge 34) 9.80 473.05 475.58 143.97 2.53 6.04 2+466.61 11.15 472.94 475.34 144.07 2.40 5.40 2+791.97 8.91 471.55 473.87 177.85 2.31 8.63 2+824.27 (drop 0.2m) 9.93 471.23 473.71 178.09 2.48 7.25 2+853.71 7.82 470.99 473.64 178.37 2.65 7.67

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 7 3+378.91 9.65 468.18 470.88 207.98 2.70 7.98 3+381 (Bridge 40) 8.50 468.10 470.87 208.00 2.77 8.84 3+526.29 13.00 467.38 469.55 209.04 2.17 8.93 3+853.70 15.00 465.59 467.71 234.72 2.12 5.65 4+278.85 9.00 463.23 467.49 237.39 4.26 2.49 4+283.8 (Bridge 45) 4.70 463.00 467.28 237.41 4.28 11.81 4+297 (Bridge 46) 6.20 463.00 466.30 237.51 3.30 11.61 4+395.00 15.00 462.60 465.18 238.19 2.58 4.24

As per the hydrological parameters shown in the above table, it does not exist a uniform width of canal bottom. A maximum bottom width of 15m is recorded at Ch. 3+853.7 m and at Getambedischargepoint which is lying at Ch.4+395m. The canal depth is also not uniform along the canal since canal depth also varies according to the recordsshown in the table. Maximum depths which are 4.26 and 4.28 m recorded respectively at Ch. 4+278.85m and 4+283.8m.Maximum flow velocity of more than 11 m/s was reported at Ch. 4+283m and Ch. 4+297m. The table also provides proof to report that the canal flows relatively a steepy area since the bed level of the canal is gradually decreasing commencing from 489MSL (at Ch. 00m) and ending at 462.50MSL (at Ch. 4+395m)

Hanthana Ela, Nagasthenna Ela, Dangolle Ela, and Heeressagala Ela merges with Meda Ela at Ch. 1250m, Ch. 1236m, Ch. 3892m and 2793m respectively.

General Layout Plan is given in Annex 2.

Adjacent land and Kandy lake is the main feature at the start of the canal. And also canal features ends at Mahaweli Ganga closer to the existing KMC water Intake at

Getambe.Along the canal on both sides there are many developments.

375 number of families are residing on both sides of the canal.Some housing units have also been built on the top of the canal. 37 commercial units are located bordering to the canal. Five out of 37 commercial unitsrepresent mediumscale establishments whereas others are small scale commercial establishments.The total population close to the canal is 1250. The livelihood activities of thepeople in the immediate vicinity include commercial activities, mobile vendoring, handcrafting,dress making, hiring of labor and private sector sales

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 8 workers etc. The average monthly income varies fromRs. 30000 to 100000.The canal is also passing the Goodshedbus stand of Kandy and Railway Station. William GoppallawaMawatha and the Railway line are also adjacent to the site. Canal runs parallel to the William GopallawaMawatha from Deiyanwalabridge closer to the fire brigade on the Right hand Side (RHS) and from there to river mouth at Getambe on the Left Hand Side (LHS). Edmond Silva playground at Deiyannewelais one of the other adjacent land uses located closer to the project site.

7. Project Justification

Need for the project The drainage system of the KMC area consists of a network of large

open and underground drains and smaller tributary canals. The (What problem is the project going to solve) system is expected to function to serve the storm water drainage

needs of the KMC area and reduce the incidence of flooding and thereby improves the health and sanitation conditions of the urban community.

Meda Ela is one of the main storm water drainage canals discharging storm water in the Kandy city basin into the Mahaweli Ganga. This drainage canal flows relatively a steepy area since the bed level of the canal is gradually decreasing commencing from the start of the spill way of Kandy lake (489m MSL) and ending at discharge point (Ch. 4+395m) at Getambe (462.50m MSL) However, the drainage flow of the Meda Ela is obstructed at structural location at the William GoppallawaMawatha bridge (Ch. 1+870m) and due to the existence of a sudden change in the form of a sharp bend of the drain near the Chaya Opticals (Ch. 0+990m). Due to improper development along the canal, the canal conveyance has been further reduced. The existing canal conveyance capacity was not sufficient during high intensity of rainfall during the past. The canal banks of Meda Ela at certain locations thus lead to erosion.High level of siltation was observed and frequent flooding

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 9 was caused due to decreasing the canal conveyance capacity.These reasons have caused frequent flooding in the KMC area.Since the Meda Ela is the main urban drain runs through the Kandy City, the SCDP has identified the need of improving/rehabilitation of the Meda Ela as one of the priority need to be addressed.

Accordingly, the Lanka Hydraulics Institute (LHI) was awarded the consultancy contract to study the existing situation and design the canal to suit the 25year return period of rain fall enabling the SCDP to identify the specific project interventions to undertake the physical construction work. As such the LHI has submitted the final Hydraulic model report with the engineering designs considering realignment of the canal in identified locations. Canal deepening, lining, application of check dams, cascades and canal bank protection will be carried out as part of the project interventions. As a result of the proposed interventions, it is expected that the canal will be better maintained and improved to accommodate a greater flow of water. Health and sanitation condition of the surrounding households will also be improved. Purpose of the project The purpose of the project is to derive the following benefits (what is going to be  Mitigation of flood in the Kandy City. achieved by carrying out the  Enhancement of canal conveyance capacity, and discharge project) rate.  Protect the canal bank from erosion and collapsing  Prevent canal bed siltation andreducing the high velocity by establishing check dams  Reduce regular operation and maintenance cost for Kandy Municipal Council  Improve the living condition for surrounding residences and other land users  Improve the surrounding scenic beauty  Increase the nearby land value/Improve the business opportunities

Alternatives considered Meda Ela runs through a densely populated and highly build-up area (different ways to meet the of the Kandy City. Therefore widening of the canal could not be project need and achieve the

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 10 project purpose) considered especially due to non-existence of canal reservations.

Since this is the only storm water drainage facility in the city, any other alternative could notbe considered other than the rehabilitation of Meda Ela to fulfill the requirement.

7. Project Description Proposed September 2015 start date Proposed September 2016 completion date Estimated LKR 515Million total cost Present land Canal belongs to the KMC. ownership

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 11 Description of the project (with supporting material such as maps, drawings etc attached as required)

Figure 8: Spillway of Kandy Lake – Point of Origin of Meda Ela

The improvements have been proposed to be undertaken along the canal are divided in to three sections for easy reference and least disturbance oriented improvements to the existing environment were chosen (except underground porton).

Section I: From the end of underground near Sri Lanka Telecom main office building in Kandy to Keels Super Market at Mulgampola(Ch. 0+ 00m to Ch 2+270) Section II: From Keels Super Market at Mulgampola to Medabowala Junction Bridge (Ch. 2270m to Ch. 3400m) Section III: From Medabowala Junction Bridge to the discharge point at Getambe(Ch. 3400m to Ch. 4+400m) Section I From the end of under groundportion of the canal near Sri Lanka Telecom main office building– Kandy (Ch. 00m) to Keels Super Market at Mulgampola (Ch. 2270m) ) – Except underground section

The drain in this reach (Ch. 00 to 2+270m) runs through heavily built-up areas with buildings and retaining walls forming the banks of the drain.

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Figure 9: End of Under Ground near Sri Lanka Telecom Main Office Building– Kandy (Ch. 00m)

Figure 10:Meda Ela behind the Keels Super Market at Mulgampola (Ch. 2+270m)

Some stretches of this section approximately 2270m length of canal bed were lined whilst most of places are unlined, and silted. There is an average width of 5.5m in this canal stretch. The edges of the drain coincide with boundary walls of houses in most places. There are many minor cross drains and house outlets connected to the

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 13 drain.

It is proposed to improve the condition of the canal bed by de-silting and deepening (approximately 0.5m to 1m) to a uniform slope, and providing a concrete lining and, as a result, there will be a rectangular concrete drain section in this canal stretch. There will be no widening of the existing drain in this section of the canal. Gabion,masonry and concrete walls do exist on some stretches of open canal areas of this canal section. Gabion, masonry and concrete walls in some stretches of the canal are in dilapidated state. The following table provides a brief description of proposed types of designs for canal bank lining and the canal stretches where the designs have been proposed.

Chainage Proposed Design Type of the Canal Lining

0m –0+ 282m (End of Underground near Type 1A (as shown in the diagram (A) Sri Lanka Telecom Main Office Building below (Kandy) to GoodshedBustand) 0+429m – 0+440m (small stretch near Bo -do- Tree within GoodshedBustand 0+625m – 0+659m (From CTB Oil Type 1B (as shown in the diagram (B) Pumping Station to Railway Crossing at below Deyyannewela) 1+870m – 2+270m (From William Type 1A (as shown in the diagram (A) Goppallawa Bridge to Keels Super Market below o- at Mulgampola) 0+780m – 1+870m (From End of Type 1C (as shown in the diagram (C ) Underground at Edmond Silva Playground below at Deyyannewela to William Goppallawa Bridge)

The dilapidated masonry and concrete walls that exist at chainages{From (0m - 0+282m) (0+429m-0+440m) and (1+870m -2+270m)} are expected to be demolished to construct a rectangular line drain as shown in the below diagram (A) which depicts the Design Type -1A.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 14 .

Diagram (A)

As per the Diagram (A) above, the width of the drain base is 4500mm whereas the height of the canal wings is recorded to be 2500mm. Tor steel bars with 16mm and 10mm in diameter with 150mm apart have been embedded to the drain base. Tor steel bars with 12mm and 10mm in diameter have been embedded into the LHS wing whereas the RHS wing has been embedded with Tor steel bars with 12mm and 16mm in diameter. As per the hydrological modellings, this type of design for drain lining has been recommended to be the optimum design to mitigate the canal bank and bed erosion as well as to enhance the water flow velocity in this stretch of the canal. The below diagram (B) shows the design Type -1B proposed for the canal stretch between Ch. 0+625m &0+660m to create a rectangular concrete drain.

Diagram (B)

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 15 The rectangular concrete drain in this 34m canal stretch (Ch. 0+625m – 0+659m) possesses a drain base the width of which varies between 4500mm to 5000mm. The height of the canal wings is reported to be 2500mm as per the canal lining designs shown in the Diagram (B) above. Tor steel bars with 10mm in diameter with 150mm apart have been embedded to the drain base. Tor steel bars with 12mm, 16mm and 10mm in diameter have been embedded into the canal wings.. These steel bars will provide additional strength to the canal structure. A rectangular concrete drain with the design Type – 1C as shown in the below diagram C will be constructed between the end of underground (at Edmond Silva Play Ground at Deyyannewela) Ch.0+ 775m and William Goppallawa bridge - (Ch.1+870m)

Diagram (C ) As per the Diagram (C) above, the width of the drain base is above 8000mm whereas the height of the canal wings is recorded to be 2500mm. Tor steel bars with 10mm, 12mm and 16mm in diameter with 150mm apart have been embedded to the drain base.

For design type A, B and C there will be 1:20 slope gradient both ways from the each wing tothe canal middle line. Weep holes, as given in the drawings, provide openings in earth retaining structures (wings of the drain) to facilitate drainage of any water collected at the back of the wings. The weep holes may either be cast in- situ or consist of pipes embedded in the structure. The pipes is made out of PVC,

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 16 or any other suitable material. When pipes are embedded in the earth retaining structures, they shall be laid to the slope as showing in the drawing and shall extend from the rear face to the front face of the structure.Excavations will be carried out to receive the drain foundation and cut off walls for proposed drains commencing at ground/formation level. Reinforced cement concrete linings will be undertaken to construct the concrete drains when undertaking constructions as per the above three canal lining designs. The reinforced concrete lining will withstand the external water pressure. When unexpected water pressures are encountered, reinforced concrete will relieve the pressure thereby reducing the area of damage. The possible benefits from this type of canal lining are promote movement of sediments rather than depositing of sediments, elimination of water logging, and reduction in maintenance cost.

As per the hydrological modellings, the type of designs described above for drain lining has been recommended to be the optimum designs to mitigate the canal bank and bed erosion as well as to enhance the water flow velocity. Section II From Keels Super Market at Mulgampola(Ch. 2+270m) to Medabowala Junction Bridge (Ch. 3+400m)

Figure 11: Bridge at Medabowala Junction (Ch. 3+400m)

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Figure 12: Meda Ela near the Medabowala Bridge (Ch. 3+400)

The drain in this stretch with a length of 1130m also runs through a built-up area which is less congestion than the previous section. The banks are protected with gabions (recently constructed) and masonry walls in some places. There is an average width of 9.4m in this particular canal stretch.

It is proposed to keep existing gabions and provide additional gabions for unprotected stretches. It is also proposed to de-silt and deepen the drain to a depth of approximately 0.5m to 1m to a uniform slope along with concrete bed lining. No widening of the existing drain is proposed.

The following table provides a brief description on the locations where the proposed types of canal lining designs are recommended.

Chainage Proposed Types of Designs for Canal Lining

2+270m – 2+374m Type 2B (as shown in the diagram (E) below)

2+374m – 2+400m Type 2A (as shown in the diagram (D) below)

2+400m – 2+425m Type 2B (as shown in the diagram (E) below)

2+425m – 2+450m Type 2A(as shown in the diagram (D) below) 2+450m – 2+470m Type 2C (as shown in the diagram (F) below) 2+470m – 2+540m Type 2B(as shown in the diagram (E)below) 2+540m – 2+650m Type 2A(as shown in the diagram (D) below) 2+650m – 2+700m Type 2B (as shown in the diagram (E) below) 2+700m – 2+900m Type 2C (as shown in the diagram (F) below)

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 18 2+900m – 2+930m Type 2B(as shown in the diagram (E) below) 2+930m – 2+950m Type 2C (as shown in the diagram (F) below) 2+950m – 3+000m Type 2B (as shown in the diagram (E) below) 3+000m – 3+160m Type 2C (as shown in the diagram (F) below) 3+160m – 3+200m Type 2A (as shown in the diagram (D) below) 3+200m – 3+300m Type 2B(as shown in the diagram (E) below) 3+300m – 3+350m Type 2A(as shown in the diagram (D )below) 3+350m – 3+400m Type 2C (as shown in the diagram (F) below)

The proposed intervention in Section II of the canal will consist of the construction of protection walls and mattresses to embankment slopes, canal banks and canal beds, using rock filled wire mesh baskets known as gabions. Gabions shall be Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) coated galvanized steel wire woven into a not more than 80x100mm rectangular mesh. The embankment slopes, canal banks and canal beds against which gabions are to be placed shall be suitably trimmed and the ground shall be levelled and compacted as required by the Engineer. The baskets for the gabions shall be constructed to regular box shapes with rectangular sides of dimensions as shown on the drawings and assembled and erected strictly in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. The baskets shall be constructed out of 2 7mm wire and shall be heavily hot dip galvanized. The wire shall be coated with thick PVC which shall be extruded onto the steel to limit air moisture, contaminants, and the lime coming in contact with the steel in the event the PVC is penetrated and damaged. After coating the wire shall be woven with one and a half twists and edges shall be reinforced with heavier coated wire not less than 3.4mm core diameter, 4.4mm overall diameter. The space just behind gabion walls shall be protected by geotextile filter layer as shown in the design drawings below. . Drainage water will filter through the geotextile filter in to the gabion wall and finally escape to the water flow.

The following Diagrams (D), (E) & (F) show the drawings for the proposed canal lining designs expected to be installed between the Keels Super Market at Mulgampola (Ch. 2270m) and the Medabowala Bridge (Ch. 3+400m).

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 19

Diagram (D)

Canal lining design type 2A as shown in the Diagram (D) above is recommended for the locations where Gabion walls currently exist on both sides of the canal. According to this design, only the canal bed is lined as shown in the diagram with Grade 30 concrete. A slope of 1:20 will be kept from both side walls of the lined area towards the canal center, the width of which is varied depending on the existing width of the canal bed. 1000mm long precast concrete kerb will be placed on the top of the Gabion wall.

Canal lining design type 2B is recommended for the locations where Gabions walls currently exist on one side of the canal as shown in the above Diagram (E) below.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 20

Diagram (E )

The locations where Gabion walls not existed are proposed to be stabilized with Gabion walls up to the top of the existing banks. It is also proposed to de-silt and deepen the drain (approximately 0.5m to 1m) to a uniform slope. Gabions shall be PVC coated galvanized steel wire woven into a not more than 80x100mm hexagonal mesh. 100-200 broken rock for filling baskets shall be sizes varying from about 100mm in minimum dimension to 200mm in maximum dimension and they shall be hard and durable, free from weathered pieces and extraneous matter. The rock shall be reasonably well graded between the two limited sizes. These stones are hard enough to withstand abrasion, non-disintegrating and resistant to weathering. A layer of Gabion boxes is placed and the vertical sides of the boxes are tied with binding wire of the same diameter as the wire of the boxes. The height of the new Gabion wall constructed will be 4500mm

Canal lining design type 2C shown in the below Diagram (F) has been recommended for the locations where Gabions walls are currently not existed on both canal banks..

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Diagram F

The locations i.e. (Ch. 2+450m – 2+470m), (Ch. 2+700m – 2+900m), (Ch. 2+930m – 2+950m), (Ch. 3+000m – 3+160m) & (Ch. 3+350 – 3+400m) where the design type 2C is recommended is also proposed to de-silt and deepen (approximately 0.5m to 1m) to a uniform slope. The canal banks will be stabilized with Gabon walls consisting of Gabion boxes filled with closely packed 100 – 200 rubble which are hard and durable, free from weathered pieces and extraneous matter and are hard enough to withstand abrasion, non-disintegrating and resistant to weathering. These Gabions are PVC coated galvanized steel wire woven into a not more than 80x100mm hexagonal mesh. A layer of Gabion boxes is placed and the vertical sides of the boxes are tied with binding wire of the same diameter as the wire of the boxes. The height of the new Gabion wall constructed will be 3000mm. The width of the canal bottom varies between 7000mm to 11000mm. A grove to the width of 1500mm has been provided in the canal base For all Gabion walls a 300mm thick mattress will be placed under the base of the Gabion wall and a Geo textile filter cloth will be placed behind the Gabion wall as shown in the above diagram (F). Tor steel bars have been embedded into the canal base to provide additional strength to the canal base. The geotextile filter cloth is of approved filter fabric composed of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, non-woven type or a combination of above. Drainage water will filter through the geotextile filter cloth into the Gabions and finally escape into the water flow in the drain.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 22 Section III

MedaBowala Junction Bridge (Ch. 3400m) to Discharge Point at Getambe (Ch. 4400m)

Discharge Point at Getambe (Ch. 4+400m) This canal stretch with a length of 1000m is comparatively less populated. This section is presently unlined and the banks are unstable. There is an average width of 12m in this section of the canal.

This section of the canal is proposed to be widened up to around 15m. It is also proposed to stabilize the banks with Gabion walls, up to the top of the existing banks. Gabions shall be PVC coated galvanized steel wire woven into a not more than 80x100mm hexagonal mesh. Broken rock for filling baskets shall be sizes varying from about 100mm in minimum dimension to 200mm in maximum dimension and they shall be hard and durable, free from weathered pieces and extraneous matter. The rock shall be reasonably well graded between the two limited sizes. Gabion boxes shall be filled with closely packed 100- 200 rubble. Gabion mattress with the dimension of 02m x 01m x 0.3m will be placed underneath each Gabion wall. The following table provides a description on what currently exists in the canal banks and the proposed improvements to this canal stretch between Medabowala bridge (Ch. 3+400m) and the discharge point at Getambe (Ch. 4+400m). Chainage (m) Proposed Improvements 3+400 – 3+440 Toe protection to the existing Gabions on both sides 3+440 – 3+500 Toe protection to the existing Gabions on LHS & new Gabion with 03m height on RHS

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 23 3+500 – 3+525 Gabion wall on the LHS 3+525 – 3+660 Gabion Wall with 03m height on the LHS & Gabion wall with 02m height on the RHS 3+660 – 4+175 Gabion wall with 02m height on both sides 4+175 – 4+230 Gabion wall with 03m height on both sides 4+230 – 4+325 Gabion wall with 3.5m height on LHS 4+325 – 4+375 Gabion wall with 03m height on both sides 4+375 – 4+425 Bio Lining

The canal bed of this section between Medabowala bridge (Ch. 3+400m) and discharge point at Getambe (Ch. 4+400m) will be kept with 09 Gabion check dams (cross sectional view of the check dam is given in the above diagram.) with 100m intervals at Ch. 3+500m (100m away from the Medabowala Bridge), Ch. 3+600m, Ch. 3+700m, Ch. 3+800m, Ch. 3+900m, Ch. 4+000m, Ch. 4+100m, Ch. 4+200m & Ch. 4+300m. As shown in the above diagram, the check dam consists of 05 Gabions to the dimension of 1mx1mx1m kept on the canal bed and the middle one is kept 250mm down to the ground to provide dry weather flow section. These check dams are permanent barriers that prevent canal bed erosion and promote sedimentation by slowing flow velocities. 03m height Gabion walls consist of Gabions filled with closely packed 100-200 rubble. PVC coated Gabion boxes of 1.25mx0.5m as a toe of the wall including rubble as well as a Gabion mattress of 2mx1mx0.3m with

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 24 rubble packing is provided under the Gabion base as shown in the diagram above. The geotextile filter cloth (4.5mm thick) is of approved filter fabric composed of polyester, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyamide, non-woven type or a combination of above is kept behind the Gabion wall to prevent small silt particles penetrating with the drainage water into the water flow. Drainage water will filter through the geotextile filter cloth and Gabion wall and finally to the water flow. These check dams tend to pond water. Under low-flow situations, water ponds behind the structure and then seeps slowly through the check dam, infiltrates or evaporates.Other project interventions under the rehabilitation of Meda Ela are given below. 1. Construction of Gabion walls as banks of Heeressagala stream (average width of 4.7m) upto a length of 15m, which is connecting to Meda Ela at Ch. 2+793m as per the drawings.

2. Installation of concrete drains (reinforced grade 30 self-compacted concrete) up to specified length for secondary drains which is connecting to Meda Ela as per the drawings. As part of this exercise, Nagasthenna drain, connecting to Meda Ela at Ch. 1+236m (average width 4.4m) will be concrete lined up to the bridge at William GoppallawaMawatha as per the drawings.

3. Construction of Gabion walls as banks of Dangolle stream which is connecting to Meda Ela at Ch. 3+892 (average width 08m) upto a length of 15m as per the drawings.

4. Demolishing of existing suspension bridge at Ch. 2+934m

Dressing slopes of embankments and road slopes to line, and placing top soil to a required thickness of 25mm and turfing with grass sods. Cutting, transporting, and placing sods, watering and maintaining sods till such time grass takes roots is also part of this project intervention. Layout of the project with cross sections is given in Annex 04

Project A Project Management Unit (PMU) has been established under the Ministry of

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 25 Management Urban Development, Water Supply and Drainage to implement the proposed Team development activities in Kandy under the SCDP.

Agency Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP) Ministry of Urban Development, Water Supply and Drainage

Contact person - Mr. AnuraDassanayake, Project Director Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP), Ministry of Urban Development, Water Supply and Drainage Tel: 0112 887320 Fax: 0112868188 Email: [email protected]

Mrs. GangadariRanawaka, Deputy Project Director (Envt.) Strategic Cities Development Project (SCDP), Ministry of Urban Development, Water Supply and Drainage Tel:0112 887320 (Exe. 115) Fax:0112868188 Email:[email protected]

Nature of consultation and input received List of consultation meetings held to comply with the process of stakeholder consultations is given below 1. Discussion on designs carried out with the participation of officials of PMU, LHI, World Bank and KMC 2. Site visits along the canal stretch by the officials of the PMU jointly with the LHI experts and KMC officialswere undertaken on several occasions 3. Community consultations were also carried out individually and as groups during the field inspections.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 26 5. Description of the existing environment 5.1 Physical features – Ecosystem components Topography and Kandy City, where the project area is situated, is a plateau in the central terrain mountainous region and lies 462 to 489 MSL while canal lies in the range

of 460m to 490m MSL The terrain is made up of a basin-like morphology

and does not contain many steep, plunging slopes except in the surrounding mountains. The topography in this plateau consists of undulating plains with hillocks and valleys formed by the drainage paths.

Topographically, the terrain of the watershed of the Meda Ela consists of rolling hills and valleys. A considerable number of perennial and seasonal tributaries originating from the hilly terrain empty into the main stream on either side of the canal. Soil (type and The soil cover mainly consisting of Reddish Brown Latosolic soils and quality) loams made from the weathering of underlying rocks and boulders and

rock outcrops. It is also located within a belt of Quartzite, quartz schist commonly with sillimanite adjacent to widespreadarea of Hornblende/Hornblende biotite gneiss.

The main geological feature of the Kandy City and its surrounding area is a band of marble that extends up to 650 m to one kilometer thick. This band is classified as coarse crystalline mainly made up of calcite. Calcsilicate gneiss intruded as bands within the host marble including scapolite and spinel as additional minerals. Collectively these two rock types give rise to red-brown overburden latosolic soil that on average ranges in thickness from one to three meters.

Geologically, the location where the canal lies is on highly weathered quartzite, crystalline marble and gneisses. For most of its course, the canal flows through a crystalline limestone bed. The alluvial bed of the stream in the unpaved areas is highly silted and the total amount of bed sediment is substantially higher towards the confluence of the canal with the main river at Getambe. (Geology and Soil Map of the Project Area is given inannex 3).

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 27 Surface water The surface water sources are intermittent streams, creeks and canals (sources, distance associated with surface runoff which flows towards the Meda Ela and from the site, local uses and quality) Kandy Lake. There are no other surface water sources available in the vicinity other than the Kandy Lake where Meda Ela starts from its point of over flow and Mahaweli Ganga where the canal merges with at Getambe.Mahaweli River is one of the drinking water sources in the Kandy city. There aredrains flowing from Dunumadalawa and Rosneathreservoirs connecting to the Meda Ela.In addition, thebi-canals Hanthana Ela, Nagasthenna Ela, Dangolle Ela, and Heeressagala Ela merges with Meda Ela at Ch. 1+250m, Ch. 1+236m, Ch. 3+892m and 2+793m respectively. The headwater of Rajapihilla and HeelpanKandura streams which are located in the upstream of Kandy lake is also finally discharged into the Kandy Lake via Rathubokkuwa silt trap.Water in the Kandy Lake is not being used for drinking purposes. Fishing and bathing areprohibited in the Kandy Lake and the lake wateris neither used for irrigation nor for otherdomestic purposes. Local uses The canal plays an important role in conveying surface drainage and stormwaters. Although the local people do not derive other benefits other than diverting their surface drainage into this canal, the intrinsic function is vital and most important in draining flood waters of the area. The canal is subjected to severe human interferences. It could be observed the points where the canal receives wastewaterdirectly from hotels, schools, hospitals, markets, garages, laundries and service stations. According to the literature even published in 2001 shows that the Meda Ela is highly polluted water source in Sri Lanka (Ileperuma. O.A, 2001).This report further states that this is not good habitat for any aquatic life (DO=3-3.6). Ground water In Kandy area, the cover of the overburden is relatively thin. Groundwater (sources, distance table is relatively shallow. The data on groundwater availability in the from the site, local uses and quality) project area is not sufficient to make a clear judgment and therefore it is not possible to exactly quantify the availability, yield and the capacity within the project area.It is noted that groundwater is not extracted in large

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 28 quantities for water supply projects or for commercial purposesin the close proximity. Air quality Heavy vehicle movements along William GoppallawaMawatha located (any pollution issues) nearby and other by-roads in the project area lead to high levels of air pollutant emissions, such as dust including particulate matters (PM 10 and 2.5), smoke including Carbon Monoxide(CO), Carbon Dioxide(CO2), Nitrogen Oxides (NOx), Sulphur Oxides (Sox) etc. Such air pollution episodes can aggravate during peak hours when traffic movements are impeded. Fugitive dust particles could escape into the atmosphere during construction activities and during transportation and subsequent storage and handling. Emanation of foul odors from the canal, especially during dry weather when water levels are low, could take place from rotting solid wastes thrown in the water and sewage discharges

Source: Air Quality Monitoring Program by National Building Research Organization (NBRO)-2011 Sampling location of the Kandy city K1 DaladaWeediya K15 MalwathuViharaya K2 DaladaWeediya(Swiss) K16 DaladaWeediya K3 KotugodellaWeediya K17 UdawattaKele K4 YatinuwaraWeediya K18 Asgiriya K5 In frontof Market K19 Asgiriya K6 In front of Bogambara Prison K20 Ab Damunupola Mw K7 Wells Park K21 Geroge E Silva Mw

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 29 K8 DaladaMaligawa K22 General Hospital K9 Trinity College K23 Bogambara K10 MeeraMackemJummaMosque K24 Mahamaya M W K11 BahirawakandaViharaya K25 Katukele K12 Bahirawakanda Road K26 Tennis Court K13 Good Shed K27 Dharmaraja Junction K14 EhelapolaKumarihami Mw K28 Mulgampola

The concentration of NO2 and SO2 at GeneralHospital, Goodshedand in front of Bogambara Prison sites which are closer to the project site ranges between 12- 63 µg/m3 and 11-54 µg/m3 respectively(values calculated on the basisof 24 hour). NO2 levels measured are below the permissible levels stipulated by the CEA and there are no WHO guidelines for NO2 at 24hrs range. SO2 levels measured are also below the maximum permissible limits stipulated by the CEA but these locations results exceeds the WHO limits according to the WHO guidelines for SO2 at the 24hrs basis.

The PM10 concentration at the Godshed area is reported as 89 µg/m3which is below the National standards while this reports as the relatively highest among tested locations in Kandy City. Even this reading is below the WHO limits stipulated.

5.2 Ecological features – Eco-system components Vegetation The project area is completely affected by human interventions and hence (trees, ground cover, there is no considerable vegetation cover. During the field visits the aquatic vegetation) following trees were identified,along the canal.

Bo (Ficusreligiosa), Jack Fruit (Artocarpusheterophyllus), Kottan(Terminalia catappa), IpilIpil (Leucaenaleucocephala), Pihimbia(Filiciumdecipiens), Teak (Tectonagrandis), Pare Mara (Albiziasaman),Kenda (Macarangapeltata), Bamboo(Bambusa Sp.), Geduba(Tremaorientalis), Gini grass(Panicum maximum), Na(Mesuanagaserium), Durian(Duriozibethinus), Bed fruit(Artocarpusnobilis), Gliricidia(Gliricidiasepium), Mango(Mangiferaindica),, Gini Sapu(Michelia spp.),Avacado

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 30 (PerseaAmericana),, KatuAnoda (Annona muricata),, Mana/ Pangiri mana(Syimboporgenconfortiflorus), Endaru(Ricinus spp.),KetaKelle(Brideliaretusa),KottaPulun (Ceibapentandra),Kithul(Cariyotaurens),Kumbuk(Terminalia arjuna), Milla (Berryacoridifolia), Tebebuia (Tabebuiarosea).Aquatic vegetation along the canal is mainly limited tophyto-planktons, water hysinth(Eichhorniacrassipes) andhydrilla sp. Presence of wetlands No wetlands are located in the vicinityof the project area.

Fish and fish habitats Fish sampling was not carried out and as per the available information

with respect to fish fauna, in the Kandy lake is more or less a monoculture of cichlid fish, mainly Oreochromismossambicusand Oreochromisniloticus(Current Science, vol. 85, no. 6, 25 September 2003). During the field visit a fleet of indicator fish was observed at Ch.0+990m of the canal trace. These fish species may have apparently flown out of the Kandy lake to the canal during the rainy season. Meda Ela canal itself a good fish habitat with common species such as Korali (Tilapia mossambica), and Kavaiya (Anabas testudineus) .However, there have been no threatened or endemic species recorded in this canal. Birds (waterfowl, Crows, Spotted Dows, Kingfisher andMinaswere observed at the area migratory birds, during the field visits. others) Presence of special No any special habitats are presence in the site. habitat areas (special designations and identified sensitive zones) Other features Residential/Sensitive Kandy Teaching Hospital,LumbiniRajakeeyaVidyalaya, Areas(Eg, Hospitals, RasingdeviMahaVidyalaya, GetambeChildrens’ Park, Kandy Court Schools) Complex, SambodhiViharaya and BodhiyanaganaMahaViharayaarein close proximity to the project site. Most of the land uses bordering the canal are residential and commercial establishments. Almost all the areas could be specified as highly built up area. Traditional economic In between Deiyangewela and Suduhumpola Junction, there is very old and cultural activities

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 31 traditional economic activity of Laundry at Ch. 1+400.This is the main location visible in Kandy area. Archeological Any specific archeological resources are not recorded and less potential to resources exist along the canal. (recorded or potential to exist)

6.Public Consultation Public consulted Consultation method Date Details/Issues raised

Date: 21.04.2015

Method of consultation: Informal discussions

No. Name and Position Community Concerns 1 Mr K.H.A Nandalal, Appreciated the initiatives taken on the rehabilitation of the Businessman, Chaya canal. Emphasized the need of a proper institutional Optical, Peradeniya Road, mechanism for the operation and maintenance of the canal Kandy once the canal is rehabilitated. Illegal dumping and littering of waste into the canal is a major concern. As the neighboring residents, they hold the responsibility of keeping the canal free of garbage. 2 Mr L Abeysinghe, Experienced most of the residences in the area get flooded Contractor, Wel Ata during heavy rainfalls in the past. The canal gets polluted day by day since the canal is being used as an effluent dumping site. Faunal species were present in the canal in the past but they disappeared with the deterioration of the water quality in the canal. 3 Mr K.H Piyasena, Several studies/initiatives have been undertaken to improve RetiredBank Manager, the canal in the past and however, nothing was successful. MedaBowala City canals are adding extra beauty to the cities, but however it is a completely a different scenario in our country. There should be a rigid rules to punish the people using the canal as waste dumping site. The community living in the vicinity of the canal should be made aware on the importance of keeping the canal free of garbage Mrs Abdul Rauf, No. Four generations of her ancestors have lived in this 4 27/33A, Peradeniya Road, residence. Since the residence is located in the close Kandy proximity to the canal, possess experience of getting their residence severely flooded during heavy rainy days disrupting all the routine activities. They have frequently experienced the emittance of bad odor due to the use of the canal as a waste disposal site by the people living in the area

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 32 as well as the people coming to the area. Children have suffered the dengue fever too.Therefore, appreciated the initiatives to be taken for the rehabilitation of the canal 5 Mr Mohammed Sherif, No. Appreciated the new development efforts for the canal 113/16 N, Peradeniya rehabilitation. Requested to introduce a proper legal Road, Kandy mechanism to prevent illegal dumping of waste into the canal after the canal is rehabilitated. 6 MrNimalAriyaratne, Relevant agencies should properly operate and maintain the Teacher, Bogahawatte entire canal system in the city. The entire drainage network gets blocked due to the haphazard dumping of waste into the drainage canals. This process has caused severe flooding in the Kandy city in the recent past. The new developments are appreciated. Proposes to take early steps to make the affected communities aware of the proposed improvements to the canal since the other utility services and access to the residences get affected due to project interventions.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 33 7. Environmental Effects and Mitigation Measures

7a. Screening for Potential Environmental Impacts Screening question Yes No Significance of the effect (Low, moderate, high) 1 Will construction and operation of Yes Low the Project involve actions which will cause physical changes in the Most of the interventions are carried out along the canal banks such as locality (topography, land use, construction of Gabion walls, deepening and lining of canal bed, canal changes in water bodies, etc) bend correction near William GoppallawaMawathaand construction of 10m long road bridge at chainage 1+672m closer to the building of the Kandy Fire Brigade. Increase in canal width will not be undertaken by the project. Since all the physical constructions are within the existing canal, no considerable physical changes in topography, landform and water bodies will be taking place due to project activities. The functionality of the canal will be enhanced due to project interventions mitigating the flood risk due to high intensity of rainfall. 2 Will the Project involve use, Yes Low to Medium storage, transport, handling or production of substances or Transport of material and construction activities including excavation, materials which could be harmful demolition of existing structures, material piles will emit dust, and to human health or the environment or raise concerns fugitive particles. However, as the affected area is small and about actual or perceived risks to mitigation is straight forward.Therefore, significance of the effect can human health? be considered as medium. According to the LHI, 83,000m3 of debris will be removed from the canal and these debris have not laboratory

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 34 tested to make sure that no harmful contents.

Dust and other particulate matter will be created health hazards to vulnerable persons in the neighborhood. However, this effect would be limited to a short time period and could be mitigated with proper construction practices.

3 Will the Project produce solid Yes Moderate to high wastes during construction or operation? During Construction: Due to de-silting and construction activities, it is estimated that amount of 83,000 m3 of debris will be generated. There will be construction debris produced during construction phase due to leftover of materials and others. Waste from Labour camps will be there which need to be disposed through KMC. 4 Will the Project release pollutants Yes Low or any hazardous, toxic or noxious substances to air? Exhaust fumes from use of construction machinery and vehicles will add to existing air pollution in the areas. However, this is short lived and can be mitigated. . 5 Will the Project cause noise and Yes Low to Moderate vibration or release of light, heat energy or electromagnetic The project activities will cause noise and vibration during demolition radiation? of existing structures, excavation, and compaction and during transportation and unloading of material etc. These impacts are temporary in nature and will cause inconveniencesmainly for the neighboring people. It is to be noted that no release of light, heat, energy or electromagnetic radiation due to construction activities

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 35 proposed. 6 Will the Project lead to risks of Yes Low contamination of land or water Stock piling of material will lead to wash away of soil and may from releases of pollutants onto increase turbidity and TSS (Total Suspended Solids) in Mahaweli the ground or into surface waters, rivertemporarily during the construction groundwater or coastal wasters? The canal bank has to be excavated to build Gabion walls in certain parts of the canal and the canal bed is also excavated in some parts. Such excavation material should be disposed properly. Excavation of canal bank and storage might increase erosion risk of top soil layers and cause siltation, if best engineering practices are not adopted during construction. Proper construction practices like soil compaction and stabilization, proper shoring, etc. will improve soil stability, reducing erosion risk and siltation effects during the construction phase and in the aftermath of project completion. 7 Will the project cause localized Yes Low flooding and poor drainage during construction Construction Phase: Coffer dam construction in the canal, stock piling of construction Is the project area located in a debris and other materials, may block existing flow causing flow flooding location? stagnation leading to localized inundations on temporary basis. However, ensuring proper construction practices like provision of improved drainage network, will improve drainage conditions, reducing flood risk during the construction phase and in the aftermath of project completion. 8 Will there be any risks and Yes Low to Medium vulnerabilities to public safety due to physical hazards during Construction work will cause unavoidable minor issues to the nearest construction or operation of the properties, and neighboring residents. These issues may occur due to temporary storage facilities including excavated materials, and use of

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 36 Project? construction machinery and vehicles

9 Are there any transport routes on Yes Low to Medium or around the location which are susceptible to congestion or which As per the site requirements, there will be traffic congestion from time cause environmental problems, to time and will cause inconveniences to the users of the access road which could be affected by the due to operation of construction vehicles or machineries. Availability project? of many other connecting roads in the area will help minimize this impact.Traffic congestion will have to be managed with the assistance of Traffic Police. 10 Are there any routes or facilities No on or around the location which are used by the public for access Some roads used as access for residential areas may be temporary to recreation or other facilities, affected but not completely cut off. which could be affected by the project?

11 Are there any areas or features of No Along this stretch there is no high landscape or aesthetically attractive high landscape or scenic value on places that exist as viewing areas and are of scenic value. or around the location which could be affected by the project?

12 Are there any other areas on or Yes Low around the location which are important or sensitive for reasons At the upstream the canal is connected to Kandy Lake and at the of their ecology e.g. wetlands, downstream with the Mahaweli River. The Kandy Lake will not be watercourses or other water affected due to high in elevation and however, poor water quality may bodies, the coastal zone, have great impact on Mahaweli River water quality which will in turn mountains, forests which could be affect the water intake of the KMC which is in close proximity to the affected by the project? Mahaweli River mouth

13 Are there any areas on or around No No protected, important or sensitive fauna and flora species were

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 37 the location which are used by identified in the project stretch. protected, important or sensitive species of fauna or flora e.g. for breeding, nesting, foraging, resting, migration, which could be affected by the project? 14 Is the project located in a No The project is located in a developed area and there will be no loss of previously undeveloped area green field land. where there will be loss of green field land

15 Will the project cause the removal Yes Low of trees in the locality? During the construction of Gabion Walls and the bend clearance near the William GoppallawaMawatha Bridge (Ch. 1+870), there is a possibility for the removal of 37 number of trees, the activity of which needs to be closely monitored. Location, variety & size of trees to be removed are given in Annex – V.

16 Are there any areas or features of No No features of historic importance identified historic or cultural importance on or around the location which could be affected by the project?

17 Are there existing land uses on or Yes Low to Medium around the location e.g. homes, gardens, other private property, The adjacent project area consists of residences, small, medium and industry, commerce, recreation, large scale commercial premises which will be affected by project public open space, community interventions. Mainly houses, commercial places, industries, etc will facilities, agriculture, forestry, have a great difficulties in accessing their places. tourism, mining or quarrying In addition, since bend corrections are undertaken near the William which could be affected by the GoppallawaMawatha Bridge(Ch. 1+870m) and Chaya Opticals (Ch.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 38 project? 0+990m), it may require land acquisition. These effects will be considered under the social assessments and the affected parties will be compensated accordingly. Accessibility difficulties will be temporary in nature. Environmental Management Plan will guide the contractor in how to mitigate the impact. 18 Are there any areas on or around Yes Moderate the location which are densely populated or built-up, which could The project area is observed as a densely populated (built-up area) be affected by the project? area and temporary inconvenience could be expected. Mainly these will be disturbed in accessing their places and due to generation of potential dust and noise during construction period. 19 Are there any areas on or around Yes Low to Medium the location which are occupied by sensitive land uses e.g. hospitals, Lumbini Rajakeeya Vidyalaya, Rasingdevi Maha Vidyalaya,, two schools, places of worship, temples namely Sambodhi Viharaya, Bodhiyangana MahaViharaya, community facilities, which could Kandy Court Complex, GetambeChildrens’ Park and the medical be affected by the project channeling center situated nearby will be affected temporarily due to noise and emission of dust during the construction period and disturbance to access. 20 Are there any areas on or around Yes Low the location which contain important, high quality or scarce Rehabilitation of canal including de-silting will have an impact over resources e.g. groundwater, water quality of the Mahaweli Ganga. Cutting of canal banks, de- surface waters, forestry, silting and other rehabilitation activities will washed way to the agriculture, fisheries, tourism, Mahaweli Ganga and DO and turbidity levels of the River water will minerals, which could be affected be changed. by the project?

21 Are there any areas on or around Yes High the location which are already subject to pollution or According to Illeperuma (2001), particular Meda Ela is highly

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 39 environmental damage e.g. where polluted canal in the country and ecosystem is not suitable for aquatic existing legal environmental life. In addition to pollution, due to the canal has been engineered with standards are exceeded, which hard embankments and bed lining etc in the past which have reduced could be affected by the project? its potential to function ecologically. By rehabilitation and cleaning the canal, it is expected to improve the condition of the canal for storm water conveyance and health & sanitation condition of the people who are residing along the canal.. However, it will not have a positive impact on the canal aquatic ecosystem as the canal will undergo more engineering interventions with steep hard edges/embankments and bed lining.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 40 7b. Environment Management Plan (EMP) for implementation

Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Preliminary Stage 1 Information Disclosure among Stakeholders Carry out discussions with the residents and small, medium & large Immediate Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, industries reside around the immediate vicinity of the canal; provide vicinity of the Cost Police them with information on the project activities muster their views for Meda Ela possible impact mitigation as this will also ensure a good rapport and less complaints. Provide advance notice to communities and the industries on the both Immediate Engineering Contractor KMC , sides of the canal banks by way of information boards or leaflet about vicinity of the Cost PMU, Police the schedule of construction activities, interruption to services and Meda Ela access etc. Develop and establish contractor’s own procedure for receiving, During the Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU documenting and addressing complaints from the affected public and Construction Cost nearby communities. Stage The contractor should inform the concerned houses near to the canal Immediate Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, prior to breaching access of the houses. vicinity of the Cost Police Meda Ela The rights of landowners and road users bordering the canal stretch will Immediate Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, be safeguarded by consultation with affected communities by ensuring vicinity of the Cost Police alternate access, de-tours etc. are suggested as mitigation measures Meda Ela during the canal improvement period. The affected road users and landowners will be made aware of day-night work shifts etc.

A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) will be made accessible to affected persons capable of responding to a wide scope of issues so that affected persons can approach it easily with their diverse concerns including canal trace-related grievances, land acquisition and compensation-related grievances, construction-related grievances and resettlement sites-related grievances.

Ensure to keep a copy of the EMP at all times at the project supervision During all Stages Contractor KMC, PMU

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 41 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision office on site. of the Project 2 Siting of Construction Camps If construction camps, labor camps, stock yards, vehicle refuelling areas All possible sites Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC, etc. are located near sensitive areas such as wetlands, conservation in/near the project Cost CEA zones and places of scenic beauty or recreational value, or any sites waterbody, those areas may be adversely affected. Social problems owing to alien labour gangs. E.g. communal diseases.

Mitigation Measures: Care will be taken not to disturb the sensitive areas when selecting sites to locate construction camps, labour camps, stock yards, vehicle refuelling areas etc. In addition, strict labour supervision should be undertaken. There should be labour awareness programs to educate the labourers about their general behaviour while at work as well as their own safety. Labour supervision, and labour welfare should be on site. Submit the location, layout and basic facility provision of labor camps Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU to Engineer prior to their construction and obtain the written approval of commencement of Cost the Engineer before the commencements of the constructions the Construction Activities The contractor shall provide necessary living accommodation and Labor Camps Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU ancillary facilities in functional and hygienic manner and as approved Cost by the Engineer. All temporary accommodation must be constructed and maintained in Labor Camps Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU such a fashion that uncontaminated water is available for drinking, Cost cooking and washing. The sewage/solid waste disposal system for the camp must be planned and implemented with concurrence from the Local Public Health Inspector (PHI) Provide adequate health care for the work force. The layout of the Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU construction camp and details of the facilities provided should be Cost prepared and shall be approved by the engineer. Clear labor camp sites after use and the site should be reinstated to Labour Camps Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU previous condition at the close of the construction work Cost 3 Removal of Trees or Root Pruning It may be required to remove trees along the canal banks where Gabion End of Gabion Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 42 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision walls are proposed to be established and near the William Walls to the Cost GopallawaMawatha Bridge where the corrections to the drainage flow Discharge Point at is required. Trees and vegetation shall be felled / removed only if that Getambe& near impinges directly on the permanent works or necessary temporary William works. In all such cases contractor shall take prior approval from the GoppallawaMawa Engineer. thaBridge

Location, variety & size of trees to be removed are given in Annex – V.

Contractor shall make every effort to avoid removal and/or destruction Applicable along Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU of trees with cultural and aesthetic significance. If such action is the canal banks Cost unavoidable the Engineer shall be informed in advance and carry out where trees are public consultation and report on the same should be submitted to the required to be Engineer. removed Remove trees from the construction sites before commencement of Applicable along Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU construction with prior permission from the KMC. During removing, the canal banks Cost attention should be paid to maintain minimum disturbances to soil cover where trees are and also care should be taken not to damage adjoining trees. required to be removed If any trimming/pruning of roots of existing trees anticipated during Applicable along Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC Gabion Walls construction, it should be consulted with the PMU-Env the canal banks Cost team before trimming of roots and make sure that the livability and where tree roots stability of the tree will not have impact from trimming. are required to be pruned/trimmed 3 Removal of Public Utilities If any relocation of utility services (temporary or permanently) be required Project area Engineerin Contractor PMU, such as electricity, water supply, telecom, etc., and therefore, there may be g Cost KMC, CEB, fugitive dust and high noise levels will be emanated from machinery and Telecom, equipment being used. Localized ponding/inundation due to disruption to Water

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 43 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision existing drainage paths and erosion risk inconvenience to public due to temporary interruption of services. This is potential undertake as there are large number houses, industries, public places, etc for which utility services must have been provided. In addition, canal bend correction with bridge replacement may require utility shifting.

Unsafe roadside conditions due to excavations, storage of equipment, poles, material etc., Parking and operation of heavy machinery will inconvenience the neighborhood due to congestion of roads

Mitigation Measures: if any relocation of utility services anticipated, prepare inventory of utilities at proposed sites via plans from service providers plus surveys if necessary. Liaise with NWS&DB, CEB, SLT &Make machine operators aware about utilities for careful handling.

Plan improvement areas and facility sites to avoid existing utilities wherever possible. If any utilities must be moved, prepare relocation plans with service providers. Arrange for service providers to attend to the site immediately to deal with any accidental damage to utilities. If any public or private structures are damaged (including vibration), replace the structures or compensate owners. Plan improvement areas and facility sites to avoid existing utilities wherever possible. Make sure the sounds of the machineries do not exceed the noise limits gazetted by the CEA (during construction in the daytime maximum noise level is 75dB and if any activities anticipated during night time with proper justification by the contractor maintain the noise level below 50dB (subjective to the location).

Demolition of structures

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 44 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Removal or demolition of structures and rebuilding of structures particularly along Along the Canal Engineerin Contractor PMU, KMC Meda Ela such as dismantling of concrete footpaths, brick masonry, random rubble, g Cost concrete structures include Curbs, paving slabs, temporary access bridges, culverts, parapet walls, property access, and objectionable or obstructions materials along the construction boundary and rebuilding of boundary of such structures may create air pollution in terms of suspended particulate matters. Erosion risk due to exposed slopes, disruption to existing drainage paths, washout of fines and silting of waterways, local earth slips due to soil over saturation.

Mitigation Measures Frequent wetting may reduce the air-borne particles hence lesser nuisance to neighbouring community especially closer to sensitive locations. Provide temporary protection against erosion, divert waterways/provide temporary drainage, locate soil stockpiles outside drainage paths, provide temporary barriers at gullies to avoid movement of increased volumes of solid materials (Best Practices in Waste Management is attached as annex 5 which can be practiced by the contractor) from stockpiles to drains and to the Sea during construction stage, schedule activities during dry periods, adequate slope protection where necessary.

Location of the disposal sites will be finalized prior to the commencement of works and shall be approved by the solid waste management division of the KMC.

Re-use of debris: Non-bituminous debris generated shall be suitably re-used in the proposed construction provided such material is suitable for construction purposes with the approval of the Engineer. Unutilized debris shall be suitably disposed of by the contractor either through handing over to other projects which can make use of the material or at suitable landfill sites or disposal sites as approved by the solid waste management division of the KMC.

Location of disposal site: The contractor should identify sites for debris disposal which should be finalized prior to commencement of pipe laying taking into account the following: (i) The dumping does not affect natural drainage courses and is located far away from any waterbodies (ii) The dumping site does not have a high water table (iii) No endangered/rare fauna or flora is affected by such

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 45 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision dumping. The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any water body and hunting of any animal. (iv) Should be located in non –residential areas located on the downwind side (v) Avoid disposal on productive land (vi) Should be located with the consensus of the KMC. Material Procurement There will be massive procurement of materials involved. It may be required to Project area and Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC procure construction materials which involves loading to vehicles and it will create sourcing site Cost both noise and dust problems. Improper Management of borrow pits may cause severe environmental issues such as spreading of invasive species, formation of mosquito breeding sites.

Mitigation Measures: Source material from locations close to construction sites. Search thoroughly for materials sources as close to the project site as possible. Use alternative materials as much as possible. Reduce waste by re-using spoil in this project (removed soil may be used as backfill) or provide materials to other projects. During the borrow pits management, follow the specific guidelines given in Annex III and IV. In addition, contractor should make sure that the borrow pits selected with proper licenses, clearing of borrow areas after construction, take necessary actions to avoid spreading of invasive species, etc Design for culverts, bridges, leader ways, silt traps and catch pits For bridges designs should be considered to allow overland flow and cross Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, waterways without any blockage Cost For leaderways designs should be considered for smooth flow without any blocking For silt traps designs should be considered for trapping of silt in proper manner For catch pits appropriate designs should be considered in order to drain out rain water without blocking / flooding Designed drainage facilities must be capable of disposing of the runoff generated in a given water catchment without inundating the surrounding land (adjacent properties and utilities or land uses) in an event of a twenty five year return period flood”. 5 Material Sourcing Ensure that sand, aggregates and other quarry material is sourced from Borrow Sites Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU licensed sources. Cost

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 46 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision The contractor is required to obtain the necessary licenses and Borrow Sites Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU environmental clearances for all burrow and quarry material they are Cost sourcing to obtain soil, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. Sourcing of any material from protected areas and/or designated natural Borrow Sites Contractor KMC , PMU areas are strictly prohibited. If the contractor uses non-commercial burrow/quarry sites, the sites Non- commercial Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU should be remediated accordingly once material sourcing has been burrow Cost completed. The Project Supervision Engineer will require maintaining sites/quarry sites the numbers and relevant details of all necessary licenses etc. and report of their status accordingly.

4 Planning of Temporary Traffic Arrangements Canal excavation, material transport and sediment transport may cause Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU, temporary disruption to road traffic. Construction Cost Traffic Activities Police In the case of improvement works in the canal, traffic congestion during construction can be expected especially in the immediate surrounding of MedaBowala Bridge, William GopallawaMawatha Bridge, Heeressagala Junction, Godshed Area, entire stretch along William GopallawaMawatha, etc. during daytime. Full closure of surrounding roads is not anticipated but, temporary traffic congestion on the road may affect the roads.

Mitigation: It may require to have traffic diversion plan to other routes should be prepared/implemented.

Prepare a traffic management plan with the RDA/PRDA in consultation with the KMC and Traffic Police: plan routes to avoid access narrow roads, access to other roads and highly populated areas. Validate routes by considering condition of roads, present traffic loads, safety records etc. Consult responsible authorities and prepare plans to improve condition of whole road before and after use.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 47 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Since the rehabilitation area is predominantly a built-up area, care should be taken not to create high noise levels during working hours particularly during sleeping hours if works carried out in the night. The interim standard on noise levels caused by vehicular movement should be complied with (during construction in the daytime maximum noise level is 75dB and if any activities anticipated during night time with proper justification by the contractor maintain the noise level below 50dB (subjective to the location))

Idling of vehicles should be controlled as practical as possible in order to lessen the air pollution events. Engines of all vehicles, mobile and fixed plant on site are not left running unnecessarily. Maximizing energy efficiency (this may include using alternative modes of transport, maximizing vehicle utilization by ensuring full loading and efficient routing). All commercial road vehicles used in construction must meet the Sri Lankan standards of vehicle running.

Proper traffic control devices as per the Manual on Traffic Control Devices published by RDA (August 2007) should be used together with traffic diversion and control in order to provide adequate safety measures to ensure the safety of road users and workmen.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 48 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

Construction Stage 1. Cut & Fill Activities Since the canal rehabilitation activities are expected to carry out cut & Along the canal Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU fill activities for the Gabion Wall constructions, emission of air trace where Cost pollutants is very likely. High noise and vibration levels are likely from gabion walls are equipment and machinery. Impacts are temporary in nature. expected to be

constructed Mitigation Measures: Suitable surface finishing should be provided to minimize erosion of new formations and also to ensure ease of access to regular maintenance activities. Proper dust barriers should arranged especially closer to sensitive receptors such as LumbiniRajakeeyaVidyalaya etc. Some sort of guiding figures are given below. The maximum height of barriers should be 6ft at minimum. Material such as Amano roofing sheets, fine mesh geo textiles are recommended materials to be used for setting up dust barriers. Ensure no burning of waste materials takes place on site, ensure an adequate water supply on the site, ensure regular cleaning of hard standings using wet sweeping methods, not allow dry sweeping of large areas, etc can be practiced to reduce dust emission.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 49 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Dust and Noise Barrier If rehabilitation activities are expected to be carried out in the night time, approval should be obtained from the KMC, and the Traffic Police.

Suitable back-fill material (soil) with required grading and strength characteristics should be used either from on-site burrow areas or outside. Make sure the sounds of the machineries do not exceed the noise limits gazetted by the CEA which are referred above. All equipment’s and machineries must be checked for their workability performances on regular basis. Limit noise generating work to day time (6:00AM to 6:00PM). Other Canal Engineering Contractor KMC type of construction work which will not disturb the environment by Rehabilitation Site cost Engineer to noise or vibration could be carried out during the night time. No work the Sub that generates excessive noise should be carried out during night hours Project, (from 6:00PM to 6:00AM on the following day). PMU Even during day time use of the access road should be minimized during departure times (7:00AM to 8:30AM), school time (1:00PM- 2:00PM) and arrival times (After 4:30PM -6:00PM). This will not only reduce noise levels but also help mitigate congestion issues in the area due to the construction activities. All equipment and machinery should be operated at noise levels that do Canal Engineering Contractor KMC not exceed the permissible level of 75 dB (during construction) for the Rehabilitation Site Cost Engineer to day time. For all construction activities undertaken during the night the Sub time, it is necessary to maintain the noise level at below 50 dB as per Project, the Central Environmental Authority (CEA) noise control regulations PMU All equipment should be in good serviced condition. Regular Canal Engineering Contractor KMC maintenance of all construction vehicles and machinery to meet noise Rehabilitation Site Cost Engineer to control regulations stipulated by the CEA in 1996 (Gazette Extra the Sub Ordinary, No 924/12) must be conducted for vehicles/machinery that Project, will be used in construction on site and for transport. PMU Make sure not to carry out noise generating work during public holidays Canal Contractor KMC and religious days. Special care should be taken as there is a temple Rehabilitation Site Engineer to nearby. the Sub

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 50 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Project, PMU Labor gangs should be warned to work with minimum noise. Strict Canal Contractor KMC labor supervision should be undertaken in this respect. Number of night Rehabilitation Site Engineer to time resident laborers should be minimized. the Sub Project, PMU Temporary sound barriers also should be erected around buildings or Canal Engineering Contractor KMC premises as appropriate to shield residents if there are complaints from Rehabilitation Site Cost Engineer to them. the Sub Project, PMU

Carry out continual water sprinkling in the work and fill areas where gabion walls Engineering Contractor KMC will be established and the access road if dust stir is observed. Water sprinkling Cost Engineer to should be done more frequently on days that are dry and windy (at least four time’s the Sub day) as the levels of dust can be elevated during dry periods. Project, Dust barriers should be used during all construction activities, especially in areas PMU along roads with heavy traffic, commercial and residential areas.

The maximum height of barriers should be 6ft at minimum. Material such as Amano roofing sheets, fine mesh geo textiles are recommended materials to be used for setting up dust barriers Impacts on existing structures such as buildings, embankments, roads, Along Meda Ela Engineerin Contractor KMC, PMU drainage structures, etc(such as cracking, breaking, tilting, settlement ) g Cost

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 51 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

Mitigation Measure Shoring, Sheet covering, Amano sheet covering, at the locations earmarked for rehabilitation. 2 Take steps to prevent siltation in surrounding water bodies Contractor shall take measures to prevent siltation of water bodies such All water bodies Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU as Mahaweli Ganga as a result of construction work including, canal located around the Cost bank excavation to build Gabion Walls and desilting of Meda Ela. Meda Ela eg: These measures shall prevent water pollution due to siltation and Mahaweli River increase of turbidity. 1. Will the coffer dams be sheet piles? Earthen coffer dams make downstream siltation worse. Sheet piles will cause noise and vibration and could cause structural damage to buildings. 2. If sheet piles are used the construction site will be cut off from the canal 3. If not sand bags will be need to be used as silt traps 4. Canal bed lining sites will also need to be protected by sand bag dams, and I presume flow diversion will be provided via pipes or something

Construction materials shall be stored in places not subjected to All water bodies Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU flooding and in such a manner that these materials will not be washed located around the Cost away by runoff. Meda Ela Temporary soil dumps should be placed at least 200m away from all All water bodies Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU water bodies located around the Cost Meda Ela If temporary soil piles are left at the site for a long time those piles Soil piles located Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU should be covered with thick polythene sheets around the Meda Cost Ela

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 52 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

All fills, back fills and slopes should be compacted immediately to Along the canal Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU reach the specified degree of compaction banks wherever Cost applicable 3 Desilting, Deepening, Dewatering and Disposal of bottom sediments It is proposed to improve the condition of the canal bed by desilting and deepening (approximately 0.5m to 1m) to a uniform slope. The following impacts are expected to be generated due to this project activity. Excavation of canal bottom will generate a mixed spoilage consisting of soil from the banks, solid waste and sediments from canal bed. Due to de- silting and construction activities, it is estimated that amount of 83,000 m3 of debris will be generated.

Stockpiling of such excavated material may block surface drainage paths causing localized flooding during construction period. If not properly stored and adequately covered washout of fine material may contribute to further deterioration of surface water quality in the canal as well as other water bodies such as Mahaweli Ganga, and may increase risk of siltation and blockage of structures. If not properly disposed the excavated material will pollute water sources at location where it is disposed Dewatering for foundations of Gabion walls, lining of canal bed, Bridge construction foundation/base (if any) which may need to be carried out during construction activities, may cause slope instability, transport of fines and surface ponding of water if proper drainage is not provided. Silt and sediment quality in the canal should be established to Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU understand the potential risk of contamination by heavy metals (and the Construction Cost leachability) and to determine the most suitable disposal method for the Activities excavated debris and sediments. If contamination is established according to accepted reference criteria, the following mitigation measures are proposed to be implemented. (a). Location of disposal site: The contractor should identify sites for debris disposal which should be finalized prior to commencement of

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 53 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision canal rehabilitation taking into account the following: (i) The dumping does not affect natural drainage courses and is located far away from any waterbodies (ii) The dumping site does not have a high water table (iii) No endangered/rare fauna or flora is affected by such dumping. The contractor will take reasonable precaution to prevent workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any flora (plant/vegetation) and fauna (animal) including fishing in any water body and hunting of any animal. (iv) Should be located in non –residential areas located on the downwind side (v) Avoid disposal on productive land (vi) Should be located with the consensus of the KMC. If level of contamination warrants excavated materials to be transported to any special dumping site further than 10km radial distance, Contractor will make necessary arrangements for same, in a safe and acceptable manner specified by the Engineer. If contamination is ruled out, the excavated matter along with other construction debris will be disposed to the solid waste dumping site operated by the KMC at Gohagoda temporary location to dump disposal site, which is located within 10 Km radius from the canal site. The Contractor shall obtain the prior approval in writing from the KMC before the debris is disposed at the site operated by the KMC.A location for temporary dumping of wet debris should also be collaboratively identified by the PMU, KMC and the Contractor as wet debris may not be able to be transported immediately to a distance of 10km. The contractor shall obtain the prior approval to use this temporary site from the KMC. It will also be necessary to cover the material fully to prevent any particles from being air borne. Any accidental leakages will be immediately attended to by the contractor and the area should be cleaned up before the public can be exposed to any hazards.

If the sediment analysis confirms the canal to contain contaminated sediments, the contractor should be instructed to carry out excavation in such a way that bottom sediments/debris is isolated (to the extent possible) from the rest of soil/spoilage, so that quantities needing special

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 54 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision disposal would be minimal. Also, separating excavated soil from the bank from the rest of the debris should be pursued if the soil is considered suitable as a backfill for the gabions.

Rainfall at sites may cause erosion and silt-laden run-off through drainages Along Meda Ela Engineerin Constructio KMC, PMU cause blockage of drainages, flooding in the project area g Cost n Contractor

Mitigation Measures: 1. Plan construction schedules to conduct excavation -do- -do- -do- -do- in the dry season and to avoid the SW Monsoon in May-September

2. Protect exposed surfaces with geo-textile fabric during rainfall -do- -do- -do- -do-

3. Compact filled surfaces when completed to avoid erosion -do- -do- -do- -do-

4. Build earth bunds beside drainage channels to avoid overspill -do- -do- -do- -do-

5. Hold drainage water in ponds to reduce the sediment content and by use -do- -do- of silt traps etc. prior to discharge to waterbodies, especially if soil is -do- -do- stockpiled; obtain permission from the LAs prior to discharge to surrounding water bodies such as Meda Ela

-do- 6. Avoid erosion by rapid seeding of exposed soil with grass -do- -do- -do

4 Excavation for the Gabion wall construction From the end of the gabion walls of the canal to the discharge point at Getambe, it is proposed to stabilize the banks with Gabion walls, up to the top of the existing banks and a uniform drain of bed width of 15m. The construction of gabion walls along the canal embankment for bank strengthening and stabilization would require substantial excavation closer to the existing earth embankments. Such deep excavations in saturated weak soil could result in collapsible vertical soils and increased susceptibility to erosion and liquefaction leading to bank failures. This activity will generate a mixed spoilage consisting of soil, solid waste, sediments etc. Use impermeable cover (PVC or Plastic cover) on the ground to avoid Along the Canal Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU ground seepage Cost Use the excavated material for backfilling purposes as much as possible Along the Canal Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 55 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Cost Obtain site clearance/approval from the KMC for the dumping site to Dumping site Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU dispose excavated material approved Cost Make use of sheet piles to avoid the bank collapse wherever necessary Along the Canal Engineering Contractor KMC , PMU Cost Use hydraulic system for fixing of sheet pile rather than using of old Along the Canal Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU techniques which may cause significant noise and vibration issues Cost 5 Transport and Storage of construction materials Identify sites for storage of construction materials without affecting the Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC traffic and other common utilities that will lead to access issues as the commencement of Cost Engineer to compound is operational and should be submitted a materiala material construction the Sub transport and storage plan. Activities Project, PMU All material should be transported in fully covered trucks.Overloading During the Engineering Contractor KMC of vehicles with materials should be controlled and done in a manner to transportation of Cost Engineer to suit the trucks capacity. materials the Sub Project, PMU

Store construction material such as cement, sand and metal in closed Engineering Contractor KMC structures or in a contained manner. Cost Engineer to the Sub Project, PMU

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 56 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

Make sure not to permit idling of temporary trucks or other equipment Sensitive areas Contractor KMC during periods of loading / unloading or when they are not in active use. such as the Court Engineer to The practice must be ensured along the canal where there is a high Complex, the Sub density of residences, commercial establishments such as Royal Mall, LumbiniRajakeey Project, Keels Super Market and sensitive areas such as Court Complex, aVidyalaya, PMU Getambe Children’s’ Park and LumbiniRajakeeyaVidyalaya. Bodhiyangana Temple and commercial establishments such Royal Mall, Keels Super Market Keep stationary construction equipment at least 500m away from Court Complex, Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU sensitive receptors, where possible. These include Hospitals, schools, LumbiniRajakeey Cost Temples and areas where there is a high density of residences along the aVidyalaya, canal. Bodhiyangana Temple 7 Solid, hazardous waste and debris management (a) Improper disposal may create foul odour, more mosquito breeding Project sites, Engineerin Contractor KMC, PMU sites, unpleasant visual quality, increased flies, rodents and stray labour camps, g cost animals. stores, Dumping Mitigation Measures: Dispose of all waste material from Sites, etc

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 57 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision worksites and labor camps on a daily basis to the sites designated by the LAs, without causing visual or leachate pollution or hazards to other users of the disposal site.

(b) Spills of oil, grease, fuel and other toxic materials used on-site can pollute surface and groundwater.

Mitigation Measures: Adopt effective pollution prevention/ abatement measures on-site: store fuel, oil etc. in leak-proof areas with concrete floors and bunds; avoid storing toxins near sensitive sites

Adopt good site management practices to avoid accidental spills and set up contingency plans for immediate removal of any spill. As much as possible apply oil traps wherever oil, grease or any lubricants are stored Please also refer to the Waste Management Guidelines in Annexure 8 Movement of vehicles, machinery and equipment Vehicles, Machineries and equipment’s cause air and noise pollution which could be a nuisance in populated areas.

Contractor shall submit the list of high noise/vibration generating Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU machinery & equipment to the KMC/Engineer for approval. commencement of Cost Construction Activities Carry out regular servicing of all construction vehicles and machinery Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU and check the effectiveness of exhaust silencers during routine servicing Cost operations, and replace if found defectives Maintenance of vehicles, equipment and machinery shall be regular and Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU up to the satisfaction of the Engineer to keep noise levels at the Cost minimum

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 58 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision The contractor shall ensure that all construction vehicle parking Designated places Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU location, fuel/lubricants storage sites, vehicle, machinery and equipment approved by the Cost maintenance and refueling sites shall be located in designated locations/ Engineer service stations approved by the engineer Contractor shall ensure that all vehicle/machinery and equipment Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU operation, maintenance and refueling will be carried out in such a Cost fashion that spillage of fuels and lubricants does not contaminate the canal and the ground. Contractor shall arrange for collection, storing and disposal of oily Pre-identified Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU wastes to the pre-identified disposal sites (list to be submitted to Disposal Sites Cost Engineer) and approved by the Engineer. All spills and collected petroleum products will be disposed-off in accordance with standards set by the CEA. Engineer will certify that all arrangements comply with the guidelines - Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU of CEA or any other relevant laws. Cost 9 Reinstatement of storm water drainage connections (Hume pipes) to Meda Ela through gabion walls and introduction of catch pits wherever required Because of this project activity, there could be erosion of soil adjacent to structures leading to loosening of canal bank support. This will weaken the interlocking of rubble used causing immature failure of gabion structure before its intended design life. There could also be blockage of drain pipes due to accumulation of solids. Storm water connections across the gabion walls should be provided Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU using hume pipes or box culverts of adequate size according to pre- Cost determined design storm events and return periods. Catch pits should be provided at suitable spacing to remove excessive Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU fine particles through settlement. Catch pits should be regularly cleaned Cost and maintained in proper order. Fine particles removed should be properly disposed to avoid them joining flow paths again Proper slopes, invert levels and adequate opening sizesshould be Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU maintained to facilitate the entering of cross drainage flows to the canal Cost Where through flow is expected, adequate protection should be Design Stage Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU provided with coir mats/geotextile membranes to curtail washout of fine Cost particles though gabion structures, weakening surrounding soil layers. 10 Health & Safety of Workers & the General Public

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 59 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Contactor must comply with the provisions in Health and Safety Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU regulations under the Factory ordinance with regards to provisions of and associated Cost health and safety measures and amenities at work places. sites Ensure appropriate safety equipment, tools and protective clothing are Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU and associated Cost sites

provided to workers and that safe working methods are applied. A safety inspection checklist should be prepared taking into consideration what the workers are supposed to be wearing and monitored during specific construction activities.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 60 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

Ensure prevention of risks from electrocution by regular inspection and Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU maintenance of all electric power driven machines used on the and associated Cost construction site. They must be kept way from permanent/ temporary sites pedestrian walkways The canal rehabilitation site should be barricaded at all time in a day Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU with adequate marking, safety tape, flags, reflectors etc. for safety of and associated Cost individuals using the compound on a daily basis. (Items such as parking sites cones, lights, tubular markers, orange and white strips and barricades of a luminous nature for night visibility) The construction site should be clearly demarcated by the above means and restriction of access to public to the site will help the safety of public.Safety signboards should be displayed at all necessary locations.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 61 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision

The contractor should obtain a Third party insurance to compensate any Prior to Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU damages, injuries caused to the public or laborers during the Commencement Cost construction period. of Construction Activities All construction vehicles should be operated by experienced and trained Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU operators under supervision and associated Cost sites Basic onsite safety training should be conducted for all laborers during Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU the EMP training prior to the start of the construction activities and associated Cost sites All digging and installation work should be completed in one go, if this Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU task is not accomplished the area should be isolated using luminous and associated Cost safety tape and barricading structures surrounding the whole area. sites Construction wastes should be removed within 24 hours from the site to ensure public safety. Occupational Health & Safety Contractor’s Project Manager/Engineer should hold Toolbox Meetings Project Site Engineerin Contractor KMC, PMU to increase workers awareness about occupational safety in addition to g Cost formal training sessions regarding occupational safety. Toolbox meetings will be held every day lasting between five to ten minutes by the supervisor to different sets of workers on-site to explain different aspects of occupational safety. Adopt all standard site safety measures. Warnings, awareness, protective clothing, masks for workers, first aid, training to work safely & regular safety checks. 11 Protection of Archaeological, Cultural and Religious Places and Properties During construction activities the contractor should take all necessary Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor Heritage and adequate care to minimize impacts on cultural properties which Cost Committee, includes cultural sites and remains and places of worship. PMU, Department

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 62 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision Workers should not be allowed to trespass in to such areas.All structures of and other remains or things of geological or archaeological interest Archaeology, discovered on the site shall be the property of the Government and shall KMC, be dealt with as per provisions of the relevant legislation. Religious leaders The contractor will take reasonable precautions to prevent his workmen or any other persons from removing and damaging any such article or thing. They will, immediately upon discovery thereof and before removal acquaint the Engineer of such discovery and carry out the instructions for dealing with the same, waiting which all work shall be stopped.

The Engineer will seek direction from the Archaeological Department of Sri Lanka and inform the project Safeguard Officer to follow the Chance Find Procedures set forth. 15 Environment Enhancement On completion of the works, the temporary structures shall be cleared Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU away in full, all rubbish burntremoved to disposal sites, waste dumps and associated cost and septic tank shall be filled and closed and roadsides, workplaces and sites labor camps, cleared and cleaned. Re-vegetation of Meda Ela canal embankments wherever suitable, edge Along Meda Ela Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU treatment of Meda Ela shall be taken up as per either detailed design or and associated cost typical design guidelines given as part of the Bid Documents. The sites contactor also shall remove all debris, piles of unwanted earth, spoil material, away from the roadsides and from other work places and disposed at locations designated or acceptable to the Engineer. 16 Handling Environmental Issues During Construction The Contractor will appoint a suitably qualified Environment, Health For the entire sub Engineering Contractor KMC, PMU and Safety Safeguard Officer following the award of the contract. The project during the cost Safeguard Officer will be the primary point of contact for assistance construction with all environmental issues during the pre-construction and period construction phases. He/ She shall be responsible for ensuring the implementation of EMP. Safeguard Officer shall be responsible for community liaison and to For the entire sub Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 63 Activities Protection and preventive measures Locations/ Mitigation Institutional Responsibility Project phase cost Implement Supervision handle public complaints regarding environmental/ social related project during the cost matters. All public complaints will be entered into the Complaints construction Register. He will promptly investigate and review environmental period complaints and implement the appropriate corrective actions to arrest or mitigate the cause of the complaints. A register of all complaints is to be passed to the Engineer within 24 hrs they are received, with the action taken by the Safeguard Officer on complains thereof. Contractor shall develop suitable method to receive complaints. The For the entire sub Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC complaint register shall be placed at a convenient place, easily project during the cost accessible by the public construction period Contractor shall prepare detailed Programme of Actions based on the For the entire sub Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC EMP equivalents clearly stating the approach, actions and manner in project during the cost which the EMP is implemented. construction period 17 Other Project Activities The proposed project activities could come into conflict with other For the entire sub Engineering Contractor PMU, KMC planned projects in the same area and related other activities. project during the Cost Proposed project activities make the landowners and road users construction bordering the project area experience day to day hardships due to period difficulties in accessing their properties during construction. Therefore, grievancescould arise within the affected community in an unforeseen manner in relation to the project.

Mitigation Measures:Obtain details of planned projects from relevant agencies and if conflicts occur (e.g., same siteor a site adjacent to the Meda Ela being chosen by different projects) discuss and resolve with implementing agencies

JICA Greater Kandy Sewerage project may have project activities which may conflict with rehabilitation of Meda Ela and if so, as mentioned above, the contractor is required to make consolidate plan which should not clash each other.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 64

8. Cost of Mitigation (Bill Number 5)

Cost Item Unit Quantity Rate Estimated Amount (LKR) 1 Provision of drains required to divert water flows, Item storm water and wastewater mgt, etc 2 Obtaining Approvals such as night-time works, CEA PS 25,000.00 clearances, etc (if required) 3 Arrange proper dust barriers especially closer to Item sensitive areas such as religious places, schools and highly residential areas. 4 Making silt traps closer to water sources to reduce Item erosion 5 Preparation of disposal yards, operation & Item maintenance and landscaping after construction 6 Use of thick polythene sheets to cover temporary Item soil piles (if available) left at the site for a long time and use of tarpaulin sheets to cover materials when transporting the materials 7 Information disclosure among the residents and Item small, medium & large industries residing around the immediate vicinity of Meda Ela; provide them with information on the project activities 8 Safeguard Monitoring PS 12 Months 600,000.00 - Dedicated Safeguard Officer 9 Traffic Control personnel’s (2 persons) Day 40,000.00 Total

Other than above mentioned line items of cost of mitigation related to environment safeguards, all the other line items are included in the Engineering Bill of Quantities.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 65

9. Conclusion and Screening Decision

Summary of environmental effects:

Assuming that all mitigation measures are implemented as proposed, the following effects canbe predicted Significance of environmental effect with mitigation in place N/S - Effect not significant, or Key project activities Potential Environmental Effects can be rendered insignificant with mitigation SP - Significant positive effect SN - Significant negative effect U - Outcome unknown or cannot be predicted, even with mitigation Siting of Construction If construction camps, labor camps, stock yards, vehicle refuelling areas etc. are N/S Camps located near sensitive areas such as wetlands, conservation zones and places of scenic beauty or recreational value, or any waterbody, those areas may be adversely affected. Social problems owing to alien labour gangs. E.g. communal diseases.

Removal of trees or There is a possibility for the removal of 37 number of trees along the canal N/S root pruning banks due to the Gabion wall construction and thecanal bendcorrection at William GoppallawaMawatha bridge. The benefits that are derived from the existence of trees such as loss of habitats for the flora and fauna, air purification, provision of shade and the scenic beauty, embankment protection due to soil binding capacity by the roots will be lost because of this activity Removal of public If any relocation of utility services (temporary or permanently) be required such N/S utilities as electricity, water supply, telecom, etc., and therefore, there may be fugitive dust and high noise levels will be emanated from machinery and equipment being used. Localized ponding/inundation due to disruption to existing drainage paths and erosion risk inconvenience to public due to temporary interruption of services. This is potential undertake as there are large number houses,

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 66 industries, public places, etc for which utility services must have been provided. In addition, canal bend correction with bridge replacement may require utility shifting.

Demolition of Removal or demolition of structures and rebuilding of structures particularly N/S structures along Meda Ela and objectionable or obstructions materials along the construction boundary and rebuilding of boundary of such structures may create air pollution in terms of suspended particulate matters. Erosion risk due to exposed slopes, disruption to existing drainage paths, washout of fines and silting of waterways, local earth slips due to soil over saturation. Planning of Canal excavation, material transport and sediment transport may cause N/S temporary traffic temporary disruption to road traffic. arrangements In the case of improvement works in the canal, traffic congestion during construction can be expected especially in the immediate surrounding of MedaBowala Bridge, William GopallawaMawatha Bridge, Heeressagala Junction, Goodshed Area, entire stretch along William GopallawaMawatha, etc. during daytime. Full closure of surrounding roads is not anticipated but, temporary traffic congestion on the road may affect the roads. Cut & Fill Activities Since the canal rehabilitation activities are expected to carry out cut & fill activities for N/S the Gabion Wall constructions, emission of air pollutants is very likely. High noise and vibration levels are likely from equipment and machinery. Impacts are temporary in nature.

Desilting, Deepening, S/N Desilting and deepening of canal bottom will generate a mixed spoilage consisting of Dewatering and soil from the banks, solid waste and sediments from canal bed. Disposal of bottom sediments Stockpiling of such excavated material may block surface drainage paths causing localized flooding during construction period. If not properly stored and adequately covered washout of fine material may contribute to further deterioration of surface water quality in the canal as well as other water bodies such as Mahaweli Ganga, and may increase risk of siltation and blockage of structures.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 67 If not properly disposed the excavated material will pollute water sources at location where it is disposed Dewatering for foundations of Gabion walls, lining of canal bed, Bridge construction foundation/base (if any), may cause slope instability, transport of fines and surface ponding of water if proper drainage is not provided. Transportation and Transportation of material and equipment will cause dust, noise and vehicle N/S storage of emissions along the canal. Storage of construction material will lead to access construction materials issues Excavation for the The construction of gabion walls along the canal embankment for bank N/S Gabion wall strengthening and stabilization would require substantial excavation close to the construction existing earth embankments. Such deep excavations in saturated weak soil could result in collapsible vertical soils and increased susceptibility to erosion and liquefaction leading to bank failures. This activity will generate a mixed spoilage consisting of soil, solid waste, sediments etc. If not properly disposed the excavated material will pollute water sources at location where it is disposed

Demolition or Removal or demolition of structures and rebuilding of structures particularly U Removal of structures along Meda Ela and objectionable or obstructions materials along the construction boundary and rebuilding of boundary of such structures may create air pollution in terms of suspended particulate matters. Erosion risk due to exposed slopes, disruption to existing drainage paths, washout of fines and silting of waterways, local earth slips due to soil over saturation.

Solid, Hazardous Improper disposal may create foul odour, more mosquito breeding sites, NS waste and debris unpleasant visual quality, increased flies, rodents and stray animals. management Movement of vehicles, Vehicles, Machineries and equipment’s cause air and noise pollution which N/S equipment and could be a nuisance in populated areas. machineries Reinstatement of Because of this project activity, there could be erosion of soil adjacent to structures N/S storm water drainage leading to loosening of canal bank support. This will weaken the interlocking of rubble connections (Hume used causing immature failure of gabion structure before its intended design life. There

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 68 pipes) to Meda Ela could also be blockage of drain pipes due to accumulation of solids. through gabion walls

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 69 10. EMP Implementation responsibilities and Costs

The overall responsibility of ensuring compliance with safeguard requirements lie with the PMU supported by the KMC while the contractor will be responsible for implementing the provisions of the EMP. In addition, the PMU will be directly responsible for reviewing the proposed design to ensure that all design related mitigation measures mentioned herein are implemented. The overall supervision will be carried out by the supervision consultant appointed by the PMU. Additionally in-house staff of the PMU supported by the Engineer of KMCare responsible for overall monitoring of the proposed sub-project. Any consequent design modification will be reflected in the project cost.

Environmental monitoring will be carried out largely through visual observations and compliance monitoring using the Environmental Monitoring Data Sheet provided by the PMU. The Safeguard Officer of the contractual party is expected to carry out field visit on weekly basis and shall report the issues and performance on EMP implementation to the PMU.

11. Screening decision recommendation

Of the potentially adverse impacts anticipated during project implementation, the most important is the disposal of mixed debris from the canal bed/banks which will contain silt, solid waste and embankment soil generated fromdesilting and canal deepening and gabion construction. In order to determine the site of disposal of this debris, it is necessary to establish the quality of sediments with regards to heavy metal contamination and likelihood of contaminants leaching out at the disposal site. Nevertheless it is important to follow the EMP in handling this issue. If careful disposal is warranted based on sediment test results, the PMU should prepare a sediment disposal plan covering storing, loading, unloading, disposal and monitoring. Contractor should be responsible for safe handling of solid waste and KMC and PMU is responsible to monitor frequently.

Considering the physical characteristics of the area and the proposed interventions, most of the environmental impacts described in the EMP caused by project activities are not expected to have any significant or irreversible impact and are related to dust/noise generation, siltation, safety hazards, traffic congestion and other general impacts which can be mitigated with good construction, site management and public safety practices. The areas affected during rehabilitation work are mainly confined to the canal corridor. The impact on water quality in the canal is negligible given its present state of pollution. The requirement to remove trees will be minimal with the decision to preserve all large trees in the canal embankments and incorporate them in to the embankment layout. However, not all trees will be saved and it is important to evaluate and document each case of tree removal and follow guidelines of this EMP. It is also recommended to explore the possibility of establishing bio lining at the river mouth to control pollution of river water

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 70 Although meda ela originates as a natural stream carrying spill water from the lake to the river, as the city grew and urbanization came to dominate the landscape, this freshwater stream was gradually reduced to an urban canal receiving urban run-off and waste from numerous residences/enterprises. Over the years, it has been canalized with steep engineered embankments and concrete lining on canal bed in several places. Meda Ela is also considered polluted and devoid of any significant aquatic life.

In the present context, Meda Ela is viewed mainly as a stormwater conveyance canal. The proposed project interventions reinforce the same and aim to increase the city’s flood resilience by increasing its conveyance speed and capacity. However, the proposed interventions seek to further engineer the canal reducing its ability support aquatic life and to perform other ecosystem services, especially in the downstream section III.

Given the above, it is considered that a standalone EIA is not needed for the proposed project and that the EMP thus prepared is suffice to manage the potentially adverse impacts.

12. Details of Persons Responsible for Environmental Screening

Screening report completed by Date 23 July 2015

GaminiSubasinghe, Assistant Project Director (Envt’) 0772375643

Name/Designation/Contact information Signature

Screening report reviewed by Date 27 July 2015

GangadariRanawaka Deputy Project Director (Env) [email protected]

Name/Designation/Contact information Signature

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 71 Annex 1: Location Map of the Project Area

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 72 Annex 2: Geology and Soil Map of the Project Area

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 73 Annex 3: Environmental Sensitive Areas of Kandy

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 74 Annex 04: Layout of Meda Ela with cross sections

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Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 80 Annex 05:List of Trees Affected/ potentially to be Removed

Common Name Scientific Name DBH (feet & Chiange (m) RHS/LHS inches) Mango Mangiferaindica 2.5 Feet 1870 RHS Coconut Cococusnucifera 01 feet 1870 RHS Paremara Albiziasaman 03 feet 2450 RHS KottaPullun Ceibapentanda 0.8 feet 2815 RHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 0.8 feet 2825 RHS Coconut 02 nos. Cococusnucifera 0.8 feet 2830 RHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 01 feet 2840 RHS Coconut Cococusnucifera 1.5 feet 2850 RHS Bed Fruit Artocarpusnobilis 1.5 feet 2850 LHS Jak Fruit 02 nos. Artocarpusheterophyllus 03 feet & 1.5 feet 2855 LHS Kitul Cariyotaurens 1.2 feet 2855 RHS Puvak Areca catechu 0.5 feet 2858 LHS Coconut Cococusnucifera 01 feet 2858 LHS Jak Fruit Artocarpusheterophyllus 01 feet 2863 LHS Bed fruit 02 nos. Artocarpusnobilis 06 inches 2868 RHS Puvak Areca catechu 6 inches 2868 LHS Puvak Areca catechu 06 inches 2868 LHS Coconut Cococusnucifera 0.8 inches 2870 LHS Puvak Areca catechu 0.5 inches 2880 LHS Mango Mangiferaindica 09 inches 3050 RHS Bamboo Bambusa Sp. Half of the Bush 3070 RHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 2.5 feet 3180(Behind RHS Royal Mall) Coconut Cococusnucifera 02 feet 3180(Behind RHS Royal Mall) Bamboo Bambusa Sp. Half of the Bush 3200 (just RHS passing the Royal Mall

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 81 bridge) Jak Fruit Artocarpusheterophyllus 1.5 feet 3280 LHS Puvak Areca catechu 0.8 inches 3275 LHS Mango 02 nos. Mangiferaindica 01 & 1.5 feet 3300 LHS Walsapu 02 nos. Michelianilagiria 0.7 & 0.8 inches 3340 LHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 1.5 feet 4150 LHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 02 feet 4150 RHS Kottan Terminalia catappa 02 feet 4155 RHS Gansooriya Thespesiapopulnea 02 feet 4280 LHS

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Annex – 6: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Borrow Pit Operation

1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private / Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance. 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS. 8. Contractor has to make bank guarantee specified by the GSMB based on the situation of the land, prior to issuing Mining License. 9. Contractor applies for Trade License from PS.

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 83 Annex –07: Summary of Procedure to Obtain Mining License for Quarry Operation

1. Identify the site and verify ownership (land clearing) 2. Obtain letters of consent from the owners (Private/ Government) 3. Contractor applies for site clearance from CEA 4. CEA may request an lEE or EIA to be carried out by the contractor 5. CEA gives clearance 6. Contractor applies for Mining License (IML/A, IML/B or IML/C) from GSMB. 7. GMSB conducts joint inspection with a committee comprising with CEA, DS, and PS who would decide whether the test blast is needed for IML-A and IML-B which depends on the sensitivity of the site. Test blast will be carried out prior to issuing Mining License 8. Contractor applies for EPL from CEA 9. EPL is issued by CEA 10. GSMB monitors noise and vibrations annually and renews license 11. Contractor applies for explosive license from the Ministry of Defense 12. Contractor applies for Trade license/ Approval from PS

Strategic Cities Development Project/MoUDWS&D Page 84 Annex08: Waste Management Best Practices

Waste WasteMaterial TradeContract type s or BEST PRACTICE Package Waste OnSite OffSite Disposal Minimisation Reuse/Recycling/ Reuse/Recycling/ Opportunities Recovery Recovery

Construction Retentionof Useassecondary Segregatefor Landfillandcover concreteonsite aggregateonsite. reprocessingand Concrete wherepossible. reuseasrecycled Onlyorderwhat secondary aggregate.

rt isrequired.

Ine Construction Onlyorderwhat Opportunitiesto Segregatefor Landfillandcover isrequired. reuse‘cut’material reprocessingand Rubble as‘fill’inproposed reuseasrecycled (hardcore) noisebund. secondary aggregate.

Construction Opportunitiesto Landfillandcover Soils/ reuse‘cut’material Greenwaste/ as‘fill’inproposed vegetation noisebund. Construction Useofstandard N/A Segregatematerials Landfill/incineration sizes.Arrange tomaximisepotential takebackof unused forrecycling. Mixedwaste materialswith thesupplier. Construction Madeto measure, Segregatewaste Landfill Correct andsendtometal ordering,justin recycler. timedelivery, storecorrectly. Metal Arrangetake backofunused materialswith thesupplier. Construction Avoidover- Re-use/ Recycleif Landfill/incineration ordering. feasible.

Provisionof N n - h a z a r d o u s suitablestorage toavoid damage. Timber Arrangetake backofunused materialswith Construction thesupplier.Avoidover- Cannotreuse. Recycleiffeasible. Landfill ordering. Provisionof suitablestorage toavoid damage. Plasterboard Procureto design specifications. Arrangetake backofunused materialswith Construction thesupplier.Asksuppliersto N/A Segregatematerials Landfill/incineration sendproduct tomaximisepotential withminimal forrecycling. packaging/ reusable containers,buy Packaging bulknot individually wrapped products.

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Returnpalletto supplieroruse plasticpallets.

Construction Avoidover- Reuseonsiteif Segregateand Landfill ordering. appropriate. recycletoreclaim Arrangetake plasticsandmetals. Cable&wiring backofunused materialswith thesuppliers. Sitemanagement. Printdouble Reusepaper, Segregateand Landfill sided,send cartridges,plastic recyclewhitepaper.

documents cups,tinsand cardboard. Sendforcomposting GeneralOffice electronically, (foodwasteonly). waste reusable crockeryand Construction Avoidovercutlery. - N/A Segregateandsend Landfillandcover ordering, forrecycling. appropriate storagetoavoid Glass accidents. Arrangetake backofunused materialswith thesupplier. Construction N/A Re-useelsewhereon site. Sendtodedicated Landfill recyclingfacilityfor WEEE recoveryand recycling. Asbestos Construction N/A N/A N/A Landfill H a Construction Avoid excavation Consideron-site Treatmentat Landfill Contaminated z whereun- treatmentmethods. contaminatedland hubs. land a necessary. r Construction Usesolvent Usealockable N/A Landfill d freepaintsthat COSHHcontainerfor o arenot storage. u disposedoffas s hazardous waste, maximiseuse Painttins,line ofmechanical markers,mastic fittingrather than adhesives. Arrangetake backofunused materialswith thesupplier. Construction N/A Re-useelsewhereon Sendtodedicated Landfill site. recyclingfacilityfor WEEE recoveryand recycling.

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