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Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Communications Engineering 2-Day Classroom Course 2019 Course Brochure Fundamentals of RF and Microwave Communications Engineering 2-Day Classroom Course COURSE OVERVIEW This popular 2-day classroom course provides a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of modern radio frequency (RF), wireless and microwave communications engineering. The course begins by discussing basic RF characteristics, including electromagnetic waves, free-space propagation and transmission lines. Key terms defined include RF power (dBm), characteristic impedance and S-parameters. Modulation is then described, first fundamental concepts followed by increasingly complex but important methods such as QAM, CDMA and OFDM. The course then addresses a range of key RF and microwave system building blocks (mixers, oscillators, filters and power amplifiers etc.) describing and discussing their individual properties and how they combine to form complete RF and microwave systems. The course concludes by defining a range of important test and measurement terms and methods used to characterise RF component and system performance. This includes a series of practical demonstrations using the latest RF and microwave test and measurement instruments. The course is delivered in partnership with leading test and measurement equipment manufacturer Rohde & Schwarz at their UK office in Fleet. Throughout the course, there will be plenty of opportunities to ask the instructor questions to help clarify understanding. WHAT YOU WILL LEARN Understand the basic characteristics of RF and microwaves Describe different types of transmission line and their characteristics Understand the fundamentals of RF propagation Understand modulation and different modulation methods Describe various components used in RF communications systems Explain the basic characteristics of RF and wireless transceiver systems Define common terms used to characterise RF and wireless systems Understand how to perform a range of basic RF and wireless measurements © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !1 of !9 TARGET AUDIENCE RF, Wireless and Microwave Engineers RF, Wireless and Microwave Technicians New Starters Recent Graduates Production Staff Technical Managers This technical course is aimed primarily at engineers, technicians and technical managers working in research and development (R&D), design, manufacturing test and production environments in the RF, wireless and microwave communications industry. The course is suitable for recent graduates or more experienced engineers moving into the RF and wireless electronics, who need to quickly get up-to-speed with modern high-frequency communications. Experienced RF and wireless engineers and technicians with knowledge gaps will also find the course beneficial, as well as technical managers working in an RF and wireless communications environment, who wish to improve their understanding of modern RF and wireless communications in order to better manage technical teams. COURSE CURRICULUM Definition of RF and Microwaves Transmission Lines RF and Microwave Propagation Modulation Fundamentals System Components System Architectures RF and Microwave Test and Measurement Receiver and Transmitter Measurements Practical Measurement Demonstrations PREREQUISITES Although there are no formal prerequisites for this course, an ability to absorb and understand technical concepts is essential together with a desire to learn more about the topics covered. A technical background is desirable in order to derive maximum benefit from the course. Those taking the course would normally be qualified to degree-level or have equivalent experience in an engineering, physics or mathematics-related subject. If you are unsure about the technical level of the course then either click here to complete the contact form or call our office on +44 (0)1962 920 123. WHAT’S INCLUDED? Class tuition by industry expert with 30+ years of experience Full-colour printed course notes including all presentation slides © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !2 of !9 Morning and afternoon refreshments and buffet lunches High-quality printed Certificate of Attendance COURSE FEE £1125 + £225 VAT = £1350 GBP per person COURSE DATES Click here to view the latest scheduled course dates. COURSE LOCATION The course will be held in a modern, well-equipped conference room at Rohde & Schwarz UK. Rohde & Schwarz UK, Ancells Business Park, Fleet, Hampshire, GU51 2UZ, UK COURSE CONTENT What is RF? Definition of RF and microwaves Electromagnetic frequency spectrum Attenuation of EM waves by the atmosphere Frequency allocations Microwave frequency bands Distributed not lumped elements Electric fields Magnetic fields Electromagnetic radiation Overview of Maxwell’s equations Plane wave fields RF wave characteristics – amplitude, frequency, wavelength etc. Units of power, dB and dBm Watts and dBm History of RF Transmitting and receiving antennas Marconi’s receiver Timeline of wireless communications development Safety issues: Exposure and SAR limits Transmission Lines Transmission line basics Transmission line characteristic impedance Types of transmission line – coaxial, stripline, microstrip etc. Power transfer efficiency Reflection and transmission of pulses Transmission line terminated in characteristic impedance © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !3 of !9 Transmission line terminated in open and short circuit Transmission line terminated in 25 # High-frequency device characterisation Reflection parameters – reflection coefficients return loss, VSWR Transmission parameters – transmission coefficient, insertion loss, gain S-parameters Introduction to the Smith chart Phase velocity Group velocity Dispersion RF Propagation Harnessing wireless propagation Wireless channel characteristics Free space propagation and attenuation of free space Satellite RF communications Satellite downlink power budget Terrestrial propagation Two-ray model for predicting terrestrial propagation Including multipath effects Propagation delay and delay spread Multipath propagation mechanisms Reflected paths and Gaussian statistics Measured indoor propagation Frequency-dependent fading Link budget elements and calculation Modulation Fundamentals It’s a digital world The communications model What is modulation exactly? Modulation Demodulation Digital communications transceiver Digital modulation principles Digital representation - ones and zeros The sampling process How fast do I sample? Effect of undersampling Quantisation Quantisation noise Simple communications example The Bit Error Rate (BER) function © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !4 of !9 Forward error correction (FEC) Pulse shaping – bandwidth and ISI Simple pulse filtering example Raised cosine example Raised cosine pulses Bits and symbols Signal vector representation Making a modulated carrier Carrier signal changes: IQ representation Constellation and eye diagrams Signal and noise power, energy per bit etc. Shannon's capacity formula Linear modulation schemes M-ary PSK QPSK and OQPSK 8-PSK and $/4-QPSK EDGE modulation M-ary QAM 16-QAM, 32-QAM and 64-QAM Non-linear modulation schemes FSK Filtered FSK MSK modulation GMSK modulation OFDM and OFDM concept OFDM transmitter signal generation 802.11a modulator block diagram spread spectrum Long Term Evolution (LTE): 2-D time and frequency grid Digital terrestrial broadcast – DVB-T/-H Spread spectrum CDMA: How it works Chip rate and spreading factor Multiple access techniques Uplink and downlink separation: FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, SDMA RF System Components Transmitter and receiver block diagram Transceiver building blocks Common RF system components Mixer Oscillator Attenuator Two-hole waveguide coupler © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !5 of !9 Directional coupler terminology Power amplifier Diplexer/duplexer Isolator/circulator Low noise amplifier (LNA) GPS receiver LNA example Filters Modulator/demodulator Diode detectors Antennas Types of RF antenna Antenna terms Effective isotropic radiated power (EIRP) Polarization Antennas for portable products RF System Architectures Bluetooth radio architecture Superheterodyne transceivers GSM–EDGE–UMTS multi-mode chipset LTE/3G MIMO transceiver Direct digitising transceivers RF Test and Measurement Signal generators Power measurements RF voltage and power RF power measurement equipment Modulation characteristics Transient behaviour of diode detectors Modulation affects linearity correction Thermal detection of RF power Thermoelectric power detectors Transient behaviour of thermocouple sensors Wider dynamic range diode detection Example detector hardware Power spectral density measurements Vector network analysers (VNAs) Simple response calibration Two-port calibration S-parameters for balanced devices Balanced SAW filter example Group delay © The Technology Academy 2019. All Rights Reserved. www.thetechnologyacademy.com Page !6 of !9 AM-AM and AM-PM non-linearities Spectrum analysis Spectrum analysers Spectral regrowth Intermodulation distortion (IM3) Why does linearity matter? Two-tone intermodulation Definition: Adjacent channel power ACLR measurement 80 MHz spectrum emission mask Noise figure and noise figure measurement Vector signal analysers Definition: Error vector magnitude (EVM) Modulation accuracy – EVM Types of EVM measurement LTE eNB transmitted signal quality (EVM) EVM vs. time and frequency EVM specifications in practice
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