DOCSLIB.ORG

A Study on Tesla Autopilot

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Study on Tesla Autopilot INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 171, Volume 71, Number 01, May 2020 A Study on Tesla Autopilot K. Nived Maanyu1, D Goutham Raj2, R Vamsi Krishna3, Dr. Shruthi Bhargava Choubey4 Dept. of ECE, Sreenidhi Institute of Science And Technology, Hyderabad, India Abstract— Tesla Autopilot may well be a refined driver- Enhanced Autopilot has the following partial self- assistance system feature offered by Tesla that has lane driving abilities: automatically change lanes without centering, adaptative controller, self-parking, the power to requiring driver input, the transition from one freeway to mechanically modification lanes, and jointly the flexibleness to another, exit the freeway when your destination is near and summon the automobile to and from a garage or parking spot. more.[21] As an upgrade to the base Autopilot's capabilities, the company's stated intent is to offer full self-driving (FSD) at a Autopilot for HW2 cars came in February 2017. It future time, acknowledging that legal, regulatory, and technical enclosed an adaptative controller, autosteer on divided [1] hurdles must be overcome to achieve this goal. highways, autosteer on 'local roads’ up to a speed of 35 I. INTRODUCTION mph or a specified number of mph over the local speed limit to a maximum of 45 mph.[22] Firmware version 8.1 Autopilot was 1st offered on Oct nine, 2014, for Tesla for HW2 arrived in June 2017 adding a new driving-assist Model S, followed by the Model X upon its release.[3] algorithm, full-speed braking and handling parallel and Autopilot was included within a "Tech Package" option. perpendicular parking.[23] At that point, Autopilot options enclosed semi- Later releases offered electric sander lane-keeping and autonomous drive and parking capabilities.[4][5][6] fewer jerky acceleration and slowing. HW 2.5 was released Initial versions of Autopilot were developed in in July 2017, appearing in cars built from August 2017.[24] partnership with Israeli company Mobileye.[10] Tesla and In Apr 2019, Tesla started emotional associate update Mobileye ended their partnership in July 2016.[7][8] to Navigate on Autopilot, that doesn't need lane The computer code sanctionative Autopilot for the modification confirmation however will need the motive primary time for patrons was discharged in the period 2015 force to own hands on the steering wheel.[25] as a part of Tesla's version seven.0.[9] Software version 7.1 The car will navigate freeway interchanges on its own, then removed some options to discourage customers from but the driver needs to supervise. partaking in risky behavior and accessorial Summon remote parking technology which will move the automobile The ability is on the market to those that have forward and back below remote human management while purchased increased Autopilot or Full Self-Driving not a driver in the car.[10][11][12] Capability. On August cardinal, 2016, Elon Musk announced In May 2019, Tesla provided an updated Autopilot in Autopilot 8.0, which processes radar signals to create a Europe, to face new UN/ECE R79 regulation related to coarse point cloud similar to Lidar to help navigate in low Automatically commanded steering function[26][27]. visibility and even to 'see' in front of the car ahead.[13][14] Driving features: Autopilot Version 8 uses radar as the primary sensor Tesla needs operators to observe the vehicle in the least instead of the camera.[15] In November 2016, Autopilot 8.0 times, even as the Federal Aviation Administration needs was updated to have a lot of noticeable signals to the pilots to observe craft on autopilot. motive force that it's partaking and it needs drivers to touch the handwheel a lot of oftentimes.[17][18] By November Autopilot includes multiple capabilities, as well as 2016, adaptative control, lane centering and lane departure warning. Autopilot had operated actively on hardware version 1 vehicle for 300 million miles (500 million km) and 1.3 • Software updates billion miles (2 billion km) in shadow mode.[19] Autopilot-enabled cars receive Autopilot software In Oct 2016, Tesla same all vehicles came with the package updates wirelessly, an equivalent as all different required sensing and computing hardware, called Hardware Tesla software package updates. version a pair of (HW2), for future full self-driving.[20] • Adaptive cruise control Tesla began to use the term "Enhanced Autopilot" to ask hardware a pair of capabilities over hardware one. www.ijspr.com IJSPR | 18 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 171, Volume 71, Number 01, May 2020 Autopilot has the power to follow another automotive, It is enabled at any speed between eighteen mph and ninety maintaining a secure distance from it because it races and mph. slows down. By default, it sets the limit at the present ordinance It will observe a second vehicle before the vehicle that it's plus/minus any driver-specified offset, then adjusting speed following similarly as differentiate between pedestrians, consistent with changes in speed limits. bicyclists/motorcyclists, small cars, and large SUVs/trucks. It also slows on tight curves, on interstate ramps, and when a car crosses the road in front of it. Function specifications (pending incremental updates and regulatory approvals) 2016 Enhanced 2019 Full Self-Driving 2014 Autopilot Autopilot/Full Self- 2019 Autopilot Capability Functions Driving Capability Hardware 2 & 2.5 & Hardware 1 Hardware 2 & 2.5 Hardware 3.0 3.0 Hands-on feature with limited Yes, except when Yes, except when Hands-Free On- driver wants to change Yes[33] driver wants to Yes[38] Ramp to Off- lane.[37] change lane.[38] Ramp for limited- access roads TACC-Traffic- Aware Cruise Control Yes[39] Yes[33] Yes[38] Yes[38] (Smart/Adaptive Cruise Control) Max speed 90 mph (150 km/h)[40] 90 mph (150 km/h)[41] 90 mph (150 km/h)[41] 90 mph (150 km/h)[41] Yes, and in the future: Autosteer Yes[39] tighter, more complex Yes[38] Yes[38] roads[33] With confirmation: Driver initiates the lane changing signal when No. Autosteer would Auto Lane the traffic is safe (due be disabled with a Yes.[28] Yes.[28] Change to ultrasonic 16 foot manual lane limited range change.[38] capability) then the system does the rest.[42] Automatic Manually by using turn Highway Yes[33] No. Manually only.[38] Yes[38] signal[43] Interchanges Navigate On Autopilot from No. This function No Yes[44] Yes[38] On-ramp to Off- costs extra.[38] ramp Autopark: Parallel [39] [33] [38] Yes Yes No. This function Yes and Perpendicular www.ijspr.com IJSPR | 19 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 171, Volume 71, Number 01, May 2020 Parking costs extra.[38] Lane Departure Yes. As Standard Yes. As Standard Yes. As Standard Yes. As Standard Warning Option.[48] Option[49] Option[50] Option[50] Traffic Lights and Yes: Expected feature Stop Signs No. This function No No release by end of Recognition and costs extra.[38] 2019[38] Response Automatic Yes: Expected feature No. This function Driving on City No No release by end of costs extra.[38] Streets 2019[38] In future: Yes, with an additional fee for Full Self-Driving Capability. The Tesla car will be able to drive itself, automatically recharge Still "Yes" for unknown Full Self-Driving No. This function No[39] at "cable bot"-equipped future activation as Capability costs extra.[38] Superchargers and can described in 2016.[38] use Parking Seek to find a parking space all without a driver.[33] Hardware needs to be upgraded to Hardware 3.0.[51] Configuration settings management most distance, side clearance, and bumper clearance. • Alerts This feature activates Homelink to open and shut garage Autopilot alerts the driving force underneath numerous doors and it's obtainable exploitation the fob or the Tesla circumstances, like a shocking scenario on the road or mobile app. excessive basic cognitive process by the driving force. As of March 2017, Summon was available in "beta" for If the driving force dismisses 3 audio warnings among the HW2. associate hour, Autopilot is disabled till the automotive is the place. Controls include bumper, side clearance and summon distance. This is to stop full-fledged drivers from excessive reliance on intrinsical safety options. • Autosteer At speeds underneath eight mph on divided highways, Autosteer steers the automotive to stay in no matter lane Autopilot functions indefinitely while not the driver's it's in (known as lane-keeping). hands on the wheel. With HW1, it's additionally ready to safely modification Under forty {five} mph free hands area unit allowed for lanes as directed by a faucet of the turn indicator. five minutes unless the car detects lateral acceleration. As of May 2017, HW2 is limited to 90 mph (145 km/h) on Above forty five mph free hands area unit allowed for 3 highway roads and the former 35 mph (56 km/h) speed minutes if following another vehicle or one minute while limit on non-highway roads was removed, not following an automotive. instead of limiting to 5 over the ordinance or forty-five • Autopark/Summon mph (72 km/h) if no ordinance is detected. Autopark drives the automotive into a parking spot, • Safety features whereas Summon drives it out. www.ijspr.com IJSPR | 20 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS AND RESEARCH (IJSPR) ISSN: 2349-4689 Issue 171, Volume 71, Number 01, May 2020 The Autopilot will find a possible front or aspect collision • Navigate on Autopilot with another vehicle, bicycle or pedestrian within a A feature of HW2] vehicles with Enhanced Autopilot distance of 525 feet (160 m) if one is found it sounds a (moved to Full-Self Driving in early 2019), allows the warning.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Tesla Motors
    AUGUST 2014 TESLA MOTORS: INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY, OPEN INNOVATION, AND THE CARBON CRISIS DR MATTHEW RIMMER AUSTRALIAN RESEARCH COUNCIL FUTURE FELLOW ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF LAW The Australian National University College of Law, Canberra, ACT, 0200 Work Telephone Number: (02) 61254164 E-Mail Address: [email protected] 1 Introduction Tesla Motors is an innovative United States manufacturer of electric vehicles. In its annual report for 2012, the company summarizes its business operations: We design, develop, manufacture and sell high-performance fully electric vehicles and advanced electric vehicle powertrain components. We own our sales and service network and have operationally structured our business in a manner that we believe will enable us to rapidly develop and launch advanced electric vehicles and technologies. We believe our vehicles, electric vehicle engineering expertise, and operational structure differentiates us from incumbent automobile manufacturers. We are the first company to commercially produce a federally-compliant electric vehicle, the Tesla Roadster, which achieves a market-leading range on a single charge combined with attractive design, driving performance and zero tailpipe emissions. As of December 31, 2012, we had delivered approximately 2,450 Tesla Roadsters to customers in over 30 countries. While we have concluded the production run of the Tesla Roadster, its proprietary electric vehicle powertrain system is the foundation of our business. We modified this system
    [Show full text]
  • Tesla Autopilot : Semi Autonomous Driving, an Uptick for Future Autonomy
    International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology (IRJET) e-ISSN: 2395 -0056 Volume: 03 Issue: 09 | Sep-2016 www.irjet.net p-ISSN: 2395-0072 Tesla Autopilot : Semi Autonomous Driving, an Uptick for Future Autonomy Shantanu Ingle1, Madhuri Phute2 1Department of E&TC, Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India 2 Department of E&TC, Pune Institute of Computer Technology, Pune, Maharashtra, India ---------------------------------------------------------------------***--------------------------------------------------------------------- Abstract - Manual driving has certainly changed the way response to traffic conditions. Once the driver arrives at the we travel and explore different parts of the globe, with total destination, Model S or Model X scans for a parking space human control and with human intuitions and previous and parallel parks on the driver's command[2]. In the new driving experiences. But manual control doesn’t ensure safety Autopilot, the instrument cluster’s new driver focused and zero fatalities in every possible driving condition. design shows the real-time information used by the car to Autonomous driving is the answer to that problem. However, intelligently determine the vehicle’s behavior in that artificial intelligence hasn't yet touched every aspect of moment relative to its surroundings[3]. Along with the technology. In this paper we present a brief overview about autopilot feature, the driving behavior of each Tesla car, how Tesla Motor’s semi autonomous driving technology called while navigating through different road conditions, is shared Tesla Autopilot is changing the way we navigate and transport to its central server. Based on machine learning and Tesla by incorporating state of the art current artificial intelligence design engineer recommendations, a new feature update is and hardware technology, and enhancing the next generation developed and launched to every other Tesla car on planet.
    [Show full text]
  • Autonomous Vehicles
    10/27/2017 Looming on the Horizon: Autonomous Vehicles Jim Hedlund Highway Safety North MN Toward Zero Deaths Conference October 26, 2017 St. Paul, MN In the next 25 minutes • AV 101 . What’s an autonomous vehicle (AV)? . What’s on the road now? . What’s coming and when? . What does the public think about AVs? . What are current state laws on AVs? • Traffic safety issues for states . AV testing . AV operations . What should states do . What should national organizations do 2 1 10/27/2017 Report released Feb. 2, 2017 3 Autonomous = self-driving, right? So what’s the challenge? • When all vehicles are autonomous: . The passenger economy: transportation as a service . No crashes (at least none due to driver error – about 94% currently) • And it’s coming soon . 26 states and DC with AV legislation or executive orders (and AVs probably can operate in most states without law changes) 4 2 10/27/2017 NCSL October 2017 www.ghsa.org @GHSAHQ 5 But … • It’s far more complicated than that 6 3 10/27/2017 What’s an AV? • Level 0: no automation, driver in complete control • Level 1: driver assistance . Cruise control or lane position, driver monitors at all times • Level 2: occasional self-driving . Control both speed and lane position in limited situations, like Interstates; driver monitors at all times ************** • Level 3: limited self-driving in some situations, like Interstates . Vehicle in full control, informs when driver must take control • Level 4: full self-driving under certain conditions . Vehicle in full control for entire trip, such as urban ride-sharing • Level 5: full self-driving at all times 7 What’s on the road now? • Level 1 available for many years .
    [Show full text]
  • Update: California's Electric Vehicle Market
    www.theicct.org BRIEFING MAY 2017 Update: California’s electric vehicle market This briefing summarizes data on the development of the electric vehicle market in California through 2016. It quantifies electric vehicle market growth across California cities and metropolitan areas and provides U.S. market context. INTRODUCTION California has seen much faster uptake of electric vehicles than elsewhere in the U.S. and most places around the world. This briefing updates our assessment of the 2015 California market1 and quantifies key developments through 2016. It includes metropolitan area data and city-level data, providing greater resolution on markets where electric vehicle uptake is the highest. The paper analyzes uptake of battery- electric vehicles (BEVs) and plug-in hybrid vehicles (PHEVs), excluding conventional gasoline-electric hybrids. It is important to understand that California accounts for almost half of the U.S. market for plug-in electric vehicles. California represents 12% of the U.S. population, 14% of the economy, and 12% of new light-duty vehicle sales. (See Table 1.) Electric vehicle sales in the state since 2011 totaled 269,000, about 48% of U.S electric vehicle purchases. Public vehicle charging infrastructure in California represents 31% of the U.S. infrastructure, including a quarter of the public direct-current fast charging. 1 Searle, S., Pavlenko, N., Lutsey, N. (2016). Leading edge of electric vehicle market development in the United States: An analysis of California cities. International Council on Clean Transportation. Retrieved from http:// www.theicct.org/ev-markets-calif-cities-sept2016 Prepared by Nic Lutsey. BEIJING | BERLIN | BRUSSELS | SAN FRANCISCO | WASHINGTON ICCT BRIEFING Table 1.
    [Show full text]
  • SAE International® PROGRESS in TECHNOLOGY SERIES Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015
    Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry Edited by Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. SAE International® PROGRESS IN TECHNOLOGY SERIES Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Other SAE books of interest: Green Technologies and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. (Product Code: PT-146) Active Safety and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. (Product Code: PT-147) Automotive 2030 – North America By Bruce Morey (Product Code: T-127) Multiplexed Networks for Embedded Systems By Dominique Paret (Product Code: R-385) For more information or to order a book, contact SAE International at 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA 15096-0001, USA phone 877-606-7323 (U.S. and Canada) or 724-776-4970 (outside U.S. and Canada); fax 724-776-0790; e-mail [email protected]; website http://store.sae.org. Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 Connectivity and the Mobility Industry By Dr. Andrew Brown, Jr. Warrendale, Pennsylvania, USA Copyright © 2011 SAE International. eISBN: 978-0-7680-7461-1 Downloaded from SAE International by Eric Anderson, Thursday, September 10, 2015 400 Commonwealth Drive Warrendale, PA 15096-0001 USA E-mail: [email protected] Phone: 877-606-7323 (inside USA and Canada) 724-776-4970 (outside USA) Fax: 724-776-0790 Copyright © 2011 SAE International. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, distributed, or transmitted, in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of SAE.
    [Show full text]
  • 3.17.2020 Request for Feedback on AV Legislation Staff Draft Sections
    TO: Majority and Minority Staff of Senate Commerce, Science, and Transportation Committee and House Energy and Commerce Committee FROM: Advocates for Highway and Auto Safety, Consumer Federation of America, KidsAndCars.org, and Trauma Foundation DATE: March 17, 2020 RE: Request for Input on Draft Autonomous Vehicle Legislative Language Introduction Thank you for the opportunity to provide feedback to the final seven sections of potential autonomous vehicle (AV) legislation. Please note that in the attached redlined draft legislative language, there may be additional recommendations not necessarily included in this memo. Similarly, in this memo we detail concerns which may not be directly attached to the redlined legislative language as well as provide justifications for changes we did redline. As you have announced that you have completed the distribution of draft legislative sections, we would like to reiterate that stakeholder feedback should be shared publicly to provide transparency and the opportunity for collaboration as well as the identification of shared policy priorities in order to forge a path forward on the Nation’s first AV law. Because this law will have long-lasting and wide-reaching impacts on safety for all road users, infrastructure, mobility, accessibility, the environment and land use, public transit, first responders and law enforcement, it must be done with robust discussion, debate and deliberation. We would like to begin by reiterating our safety priorities and policy positions that are also included in more detail in our previous memos. They remain relevant and vital in developing any legislation on AVs. In sum, they are: • Our Nation’s first law on AVs must ensure the safe development and deployment of all AVs, including partially automated vehicles whether for sale or use as a pay-for mobility option.
    [Show full text]
  • In the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware
    EFiled: Sep 06 2016 07:12PM EDT Transaction ID 59520160 Case No. 12723- IN THE COURT OF CHANCERY OF THE STATE OF DELAWARE ELLEN PRASINOS, derivatively on behalf ) TESLA MOTORS, INC., ) ) Plaintiff, ) ) vs. ) ) C.A. No. ELON MUSK, BRAD W. BUSS, ROBYN ) M. DENHOLM, IRA EHRENPREIS, ) ANTONIO J. GRACIAS, STEPHEN T. ) JURVETSON, KIMBAL MUSK, ) LYNDON RIVE, PETER RIVE, JOHN H. ) N. FISHER, JEFFREY B. STRAUBEL, D ) SUBSIDIARY, INC., AND SOLARCITY ) CORPORATION, ) ) Defendants, ) ) -and- ) ) TESLA MOTORS, INC., a Delaware ) Corporation, ) ) Nominal Defendant ) VERIFIED STOCKHOLDER DERIVATIVE COMPLAINT Plaintiff Ellen Prasinos (“Plaintiff”), by and through her undersigned counsel, assert this action derivatively on behalf of Tesla Motors, Inc. (“Telsa” or the “Company”) against defendants Elon Musk, Brad W. Buss, Robyn M. Denholm, Ira Ehrenpreis, Antonio J. Gracias, Stephen T. Jurvetson and Kimbal Musk (collectively, the “Board” or the “Director Defendants”), along with Lyndon Rive, Peter Rive, John H. N. Fisher, J.B. Straubel, D Subsidiary, Inc., and 1 ME1 23271632v.1 SolarCity Corporation (“SolarCity”). Plaintiff alleges, upon information and belief based upon, inter alia , the investigation made by her attorneys, except as to those allegations that pertain to the Plaintiff herself, which are alleged upon knowledge, as follows: SUMMARY OF THE ACTION 1. Elon Musk (“Musk”), a smart and charismatic businessman, wants to save the world by “making life multi-planetary”, and “expedit[ing] the move from a mine-and-burn hydrocarbon economy towards a solar electric economy.” While Musk’s goal to save the world may be admirable, he uses unethical and illegal tactics to achieve that goal, especially when his personal financial interests and legacy are at stake.
    [Show full text]
  • Global Autonomous Driving Market Outlook, 2018
    Global Autonomous Driving Market Outlook, 2018 The Global Autonomous Driving Market is Expected Grow up to $173.15 B by 2030, with Shared Mobility Services Contributing to 65.31% Global Automotive & Transportation Research Team at Frost & Sullivan K24A-18 March 2018 Contents Section Slide Number Executive Summary 7 2017 Key Highlights 8 Leading Players in terms of AD Patents Filed in 2017 10 Sensors Currently Used Across Applications 11 Next Generations of Sensor Fusion 12 Future Approach in Hardware and Software toward L5 Automation 13 Level 3 Automated Vehicles—What could be new? 14 2018 Top 5 Predictions 15 Research Scope and Segmentation 16 Research Scope 17 Vehicle Segmentation 18 Market Definition—Rise of Automation 19 Key Questions this Study will Answer 20 Impact of Autonomous Vehicles Driving Development of Vital Facets in 21 Business and Technology K24A-18 2 Contents (continued) Section Slide Number Transformational Impact of Automation on the Industry 22 Impact on the Development of Next-Generation Depth Sensing 23 Impact on Ownership and User-ship Structures 24 Impact of Autonomous Driving on Future Vehicle Design 25 Impact of Investments on Technology Development 26 Major Market and Technology Trends in Automated Driving—2018 27 Top Trends Driving the Autonomous Driving Market—2018 28 Market Trends 29 1. Autonomous Shared Mobility Solutions 30 Case Study—Waymo 31 2. Collective Intelligence for Fleet Management 32 Case Study—BestMile 33 3. Cyber Security of Autonomous Cars 34 Case Study—Karamba Security 35 K24A-18 3 Contents (continued) Section Slide Number Technology Trends 36 1. Convergence of Artificial Intelligence and Automated Driving 37 Case Study—Mobileye 38 2.
    [Show full text]
  • Tesla Model S
    Model S Premium Electric Sedan An evolution in automobile engineering Tesla’s advanced electric powertrain delivers exhilarating performance. Unlike a gasoline internal combustion engine with hundreds of moving parts, Tesla electric motors have only one moving piece: the rotor. As a result, Model S acceleration is instantaneous, silent and smooth. Step on the accelerator and in as little as 3.1 seconds Model S is travelling 60 miles per hour, without hesitation, and without a drop of gasoline. Model S is an evolution in automobile engineering. All-Wheel Drive Dual Motor Dual Motor Model S is a categorical improvement on conventional all-wheel drive systems. With two motors, one in the front and one in the rear, Rear Wheel Drive Model S digitally and independently controls torque to the front and rear wheels. The result is unparalleled traction control in all conditions. Conventional all-wheel drive cars employ complex mechanical linkages to distribute power from a single engine to all four wheels. This sacrifices efficiency in favor of all weather traction. In contrast, each Model S motor is lighter, smaller and more efficient than its All-Wheel Drive Dual Motor rear wheel drive counterpart, providing both improved range and faster acceleration. All-wheel drive is standard on Model S 70D and available as an option on Model S 85. Model S Performance comes standard with All-Wheel Drive Dual Motor, pairing the high performance rear motor with a high efficiency front motor to achieve supercar acceleration, from zero to 60 miles per hour in 3.1 seconds. Performance All-Wheel Drive Highest Safety Rating in America THE NATIONAL HIGHWAY TRAFFIC SAFETY ADMINISTRATION Model S is designed from the ground up to be the safest car on the road, as proven by a 5-star rating in all categories of the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) crash test.
    [Show full text]
  • School of Business and Economics
    A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Master Degree in Finance from the NOVA – School of Business and Economics. Tesla: A Sequence of Belief Ted Lucas Andersson, 34028 A Project carried out on the Master in Finance Program, under the supervision of: Professor Paulo Soares de Pinho 03-01-2020 Abstract: Title: Tesla: A Sequence of Belief This case analyses the many challenges and achievements of a start-up company on its pursuit to take on the traditional players in an industry that is difficult to enter and succeed in. Additionally, this case details the road Tesla embarked on which tested investor confidence as Tesla strived to deliver on its increasingly ambitious goals. Furthermore, the case explores the strategic fit of merging two companies that are operating in two different industries but face similar financial problems arising from increasing debt levels and lack of profits. Keywords: Capital Raising, Strategy, Mergers & Acquisitions, Conflict of Interest This work used infrastructure and resources funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (UID/ECO/00124/2013, UID/ECO/00124/2019 and Social Sciences DataLab, Project 22209), POR Lisboa (LISBOA-01-0145-FEDER-007722 and Social Sciences DataLab, Project 22209) and POR Norte (Social Sciences DataLab, Project 22209). 1 Introduction On November 17, 2016, Jason Wheeler, Tesla’s CFO, had just received confirmation that the deal had closed for his company’s much-debated acquisition of SolarCity – a solar energy company that designs, finances and installs solar power systems. With leadership celebrations on the evening’s agenda Jason could not help but to ponder on the future of the growing company.
    [Show full text]
  • Makes & Models
    Makes & Models EV Buyers Guide Background image: Designed by senivpetro / Freepik Types of EV SUVs A Sport Utility Vehicle (SUV) is a type of automobile that combines elements of road-going passenger cars with features from off-road vehicles, such as raised ground clearance and four-wheel drive. Those three ingredients: a high driving position, better performance in icy weather and plenty of space make SUVs particularly attractive to families. Practical / Small Family EVs The most popular car being bought today in the UK still tends to be the traditional family hatchback. A hatchback offers families (even those with dogs) just about everything they could need in a car by being spacious but not as big as SUVs, making them easier to manoeuvre and park. The original problems associated with electric cars (high prices, restricted performance at higher speeds and a limited driving range) have all been addressed, providing a very attractive solution for this market segment. Small/city EVs Electric power and small cars have always been a natural fi t. Their nippy acceleration is ideal in town, where shorter journeys mean that you don’t need to worry about recharging until you get home. Future Releases The electric car revolution has continued in earnest into the 2020s, with exciting new electric cars arriving every month. Prices are just about starting to come down to affordable levels, and range is going up making them more attractive to purchase over existing petrol/diesel counterparts. Here are a few exciting models that will be released over the next couple of years.
    [Show full text]
  • A Slew of Electric Vehicles That Collectively Represent Billions of Dollars in Investment Are About to Hit the Market. Yet Even
    Focus || ELECTRIC VEHICLES Demand Load A slew of electric vehicles that collectively represent billions of dollars in investment are about to hit the market. Yet even with all that firepower, consumers remain lukewarm to the idea of plugging in. BY PAUL EISENSTEIN ot long ago, battery-electric won’t look back. momentum, until the California carmaker an- vehicles could barely deliv- Not everyone is so confident, though. “It’s nounced it would finally roll out the long-await- er 100 miles of range per tough for the industry, as a whole, to know what ed $35,000 base version — something it also charge. But before the end the natural demand is,” says Joe Eberhardt, conceded will put its balance sheet back in the of this year, a slew of new head of North American operations at Jaguar red after two rare, profitable quarters. options offering up to 300 Land Rover. “Some people say it will be 25 per- Given the choice of scenarios, the auto indus- miles Nof range will be available at U.S. dealer- cent (of new vehicle sales) by 2025. I don’t think try can only hope that ChargePoint’s Romano is ships and online, including Tesla’s Model Y, Audi’s it will be that quick.” right. But that’s far from likely, warns a recent e-tron, Jaguar’s I-Pace SUV, Porsche’s Taycan Skeptics only have to point to the slow- study by AlixPartners, a multifaceted consulting sports car, and Volvo’s Polestar 2 fastback. er-than-expected growth of battery-car sales firm in Detroit.
    [Show full text]