September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29767 those facilities; to impose additional fire safe­ Labor Relations Act to extend its coverage PRIVATE BilLS AND RESOLUTIONS ty requirements upon nursing homes and and protection to employees of nonprofit hos­ similar facilities and assist them in meeting pitals, and for other purposes; to the Com­ Under clause 1 of rule XXII, private such requirements; and for other purposes; mittee on Education and Labor. bills and resolutions were introduced and to the Committee on Banking and Currency. By Mr. EDWARDS of Alabama: severally referred as follows: By Mr. UDALL (for himself, Mr. RUPPE, H.J. Res. 722. Joint resolution authorizing By Mr.REES: Mr. SAYLOR, Mr. KASTENMEIER, Mr. the President to proclaim the week of May 26 H.R. 10297. A bill for the relief of Nicolas O'HARA, Mr. MEEDS, Mr. VIGORITO, Mr. through June 1, 1974, as "National Stamp Gabriel Burger and Silvia Burger; to the BINGHAM, Mr. SEIBERLING, Mrs. Collecting Week," and to proclaim May 31, Committee on the Judiciary. BURKE of California, Mr. OWENS, Mr. 1974, as "National Stamp Collectors' Day"; DELLENBACK, Mr. STEELMAN, Mr. to the Committee on the Judiciary. By Mr. STUBBLEFIELD: MARTIN of North Carolina, and Mr. By Mr. SNYDER (for himself, Mr. H.R. 10298. A bill for the relief of Frances CRONIN): PETTis, Mr. HASTINGS, Mr. ROBERT W. Ham; to the Committee on the Judiciary. H.R. 10294. A bill to establish land use DANIEL, JR., Mr. FORSYTHE, Mr. AN­ policy; to authorize the Secretary of the DREWS of North Dakota, Mr. WYATT, Interior, pursuant to guidelines issued by Mr. SAYLOR, Mr. HILLIS, Mr. BUTLER, the Council on Environmental Quality, to Mr. DAVIS of Wisconsin, Mr. HUNT, PETITIONS, ETC. make grants to assist the States to develop Mr. STEELMAN, Mr. MILFORD, Mr. Under clause 1 of rule XXII, petitions and implement comprehensive land use plan­ TOWELL of Nevada, Mr. BRECKINRIDGE, ning processes; to coordinate Federal pro­ Mr. CARTER, Mr. KEMP, Mr. GINN, Mr. and papers were laid on the Clerk's desk grams and policies which have a land use im­ BURLESON of Texas, Mr. CASEY of and referred as follows: pact; to make grants to Indian tribes to assist Texas, Mr. DORN, Mr. MAYNE, Mr. 279. By the SPEAKER: Petition of Hazel them to develop and implement land use MAILLIARD, and Mr. CEDERBERG): Arnold, Hotchkiss, Colo., and others, relative planning processes for reservation and other H. Con. Res. 297. Concurrent resolution to the revocation of the license of radio sta­ tribal lands; to provide land use planning di­ providing for the date of sine die adjourn­ tion WXUR; to the Committee on Inter­ rectives for the public lands; and for other ment of the 93d Congress, 1st session; to the state and Foreign Commerce. purposes; to the Committee on Interior and Committee on Rules. 280. Also, petition of Robert C. Hemphill, Insular Affairs. Jr., Charleston, W. Va., relative to redress of By Mr. VANIK (for himself, Mr. STARK, grievances; to the Committee on the Judi­ Mr. LEHMAN, Ms. ABzuG, and Mr. YATES): MEMORIALS ciary. H.R. 10295. A bill to provide for assistance 281. By Mr. ANDREWS of North Dakota: in international drug control through the use Under clause 4 of rule XXII, Petition of Benjamin A. Ring, Joseph F. S. of trade policy; to the Committee on Ways 296. The SPEAKER presented a memorial Small, and others, Grand Forks, N. Dak., and Means. of the Legislature of the State of California, relative to iinpeachment of the President of By Mr. YOUNG of Illinois: relative to urban redevelopment; to the Com­ the United States; to the Committee on the H.R. 10296. A bill to amend the National mittee on Banking and Currency. Judiciary.

EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS GAO ELECTION CLEARINGHOUSE time there is a great deal of discussion Be it resolved that the National Association on how to increase voter registration. of Secretaries of State, duly assembled at its Proposals range from the postcard reg­ 66th Annual Convention at Williamsburg, HON. WILLIAM J. KEATING Virginia, this 27th day of August, 1973, does istration bill to the giving of block grants hereby express its thanks and appreciation OF omo to local officials. This study will examine to the Office of Federal Elections of the Gen­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES what is currently being done around the eral Accounting Office for the excellent serv­ Wednesday, September 12, 1973 Nation. ice which they are performing on behalf of The third study will survey available the elections officials of the several states Mr. KEATING. Mr. Speaker when the voting machinery. At the current time and to express its hope that this monthly House considered the Campaign Reform many units of government across the publication will continue as a permanent pro­ Act of 1972 I offered an amendment to country are thinking about purchasing gram. ·establish a clearinghouse for election in­ new election machinery; but do not have Be it further resolved that copies of this formation within the General Account­ resolution be delivered to Mr. Philip S. the resources to study the effectiveness Hughes, Director, Office of Federal Elections ing Office. This amendment was accepted of machines that have been used in other of the General Accounting Office, and to the by the House and became part of the cities. .This study will give officials a cen­ members of the Congress. law. tral source of information on the past This resolution initially proposed by Wade The clearinghouse has conducted an performances of existing voting ma­ 0. Martin, Jr., Secretary of State, Louisiana. extensive study into election errors that chines. occurred in seven cities across the coun­ Hopefully out of all these studies local EXCERPTS FROM LETTERS try. The clearinghouse has worked with officials will be in a better position to From the Honorable Stone D. Barefield, the Library of Congress in compiling all Chairman of the Committee on Apportion­ run elections an~ we in the Congress will ment and Elections of the Mississippi House election laws and court decisions. This have information to draft better legisla­ of Representatives: publication will come out monthly and tion in the election field. "I have received the initial comprehensive review new State and Federal election At this point in the RECORD I would summary and have found it to be most in­ proposals as well as court decisions. The insert the resolution that was approved formative. This service will be a tremendous first issue was printed in August. by the secretaries of state and comments asset to me as a member of the State Legis­ The publications of the clearinghouse from letters that have been received by lature in dealing with our own election laws have been sent to election officials across the GAO on the Survey of Election Law here in Mississippi." the Nation. Recently at their annual From the Honorable Elden H. Shute, Chair­ and Litigation. man of the Joint Committee on Elections of meeting the secretaries of state passed The material follows: the Maine Legislature: a resolution expressing their thanks and RESOLUTION "I applaud your efforts to provide such a appreciation to the clearinghouse. Whereas, the Office of Federal Elections of comprehensive summary and such material The clearinghouse is in the process of the General Accounting Office has published should be most Valuable, not only to those of conducting three new studies at the cur­ its first issue of "Federal-State Election Law you in a Federal position, but to those of us rent time. Survey" and has distributed copies thereof to who wrestle with our election laws at the The first of these studies is a survey of all state elections officials and; State level." the 6,914 election units across the coun­ Whereas, this publication is an excellent From the Honorable Richard F. Kneip, try. This study will question election of­ reference to all current happenings in the Governor of Sot!th Dakota: ficials to see which areas they feel merit field of elections affording to state elections "This is a badly needed service and I con­ officials an invaluable source reference which gratulate the Office of Federal Elections on Federal assistance and where more re­ has long been needed and; its initiative in publishing such a series." search and information is needed. Whereas, the composition and content of From the Honorable John A. Burns, Gov­ The second study will look into various said survey has been found to be precise, re­ ernor of Hawaii: voter registration systems. At the present liable and impartial, now therefore, ..Thank you very much tor sending me a 29768 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS Septe1nber 13, 1973 copy of your initial issue of the abstract of also constitute an important economic bene­ Americ~n and European immigrant i;:ederal and State election laws and litiga­ fit for American firms with assets in that tion. I find that it is indeed a comprehensive country; now, therefore, be it forty-mners much about how and where summary of election laws ancl litigation . Resolved, By The American Legion in Na­ to P3:n and ~ill gold and they figured which will be of extreme value to our Attor­ t10nal Convention assembled in Honolulu pr?~mently m the work involved in ney General and election officials." B:awaii, August 21, 22, 23, 1973, that the Le~ mmrng. From the Honorable James c. Kirkpatrick, g1on oppose passage of Congressional bills de­ ~he trails of the gold rush and pack Secretary of State of Missouri: signed to reimpose a boycott on Rhodesian trams were supplanted by railroads and "We think it is a very helpful tool for the chrome and urge individual Congressmen to t?day's turnpikes. Mexican labor laid the administration of elections." support this position. From Mr. L. M. Pellerzi, General Counsel t~e~ and .drove ~he spikes of the rail lines, of the American Federation of Government hvI?g with thell' families in the boxcars Employees: which were their homes on wheels as "I am delighted to hear of the abstract of they built the railroads across the coun­ Federal and State election laws and litigation MEXICAN AMERICAN CONTRIBU­ try. and think it will make a major contribution TIONS CELEBRATED ON SEP­ A_s the American economy turned to toward better compliance with election TEMBER 16 processes." agriculture Mexican labor followed the From Mr. Lee Slater, Secretary of the State harvest. They worked long hours for low Election Board of Oklahoma: HON. DON EDWARDS ~ay under miserable conditions of hous­ "I believe such a publication will prove to OF CALIFORNIA mg, sanitation, and education to provide be an extremely valuable tool for my office." cotton, sugar beets, various fruits and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ~e?etab!es for our enjoyment. They Thursday, September 13, 1973 1 a1sed hvestock and developed irrigation and water laws. OPPOSITION TO THE BAN ON IM­ Mr. EDWARDS of California. Mr. Speaker, we are approaching the 163d ThE:se are just a few examples from PORTATION OF CHROME FROM t~e history of contributions to our Na­ RHODESIA anniversary of Mexican independence and it is an occasion that should cause t10n by Mexican-Americans that will be us to stop and to assess the meaning and remembered th.is Sunday, September 16, the real~ty of freedom in our country. by .a commumty parade in San Jose HON. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Callf. The occasion is the celebration of OF VIRGINIA Not unhke the fight for independence for the States from colonial rule the the 163d Anniversary of Mexican Inde­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES revolution for Mexican independence pendence. Thursday, Septernber 13, 1973 helped to bring important reforms in The parade is sponsored by the Vet­ government and human freedoms and eranos_ de la Revolucion Mexicana, the Mr. HARRY F. BYRD, JR. Mr. Presi­ Orgamsmo Mexicano Cicico Cultural dent, the American Legion, during its equality. From the time in 1810 when Father and the Confederation de la Raza Unida' 55th Annual National Convention at a Chincano coalition. Ed Carranze i~ Honolulu~ held August 21-23, adopted Hidalgo gave the Grito de Dolores call­ ing for independence from Spai~, the par~~E: chairman and is organizing the a resolut10n opposing proposed legisla­ act1v1t1es. tion to reimpose the ban on importation fight for a free country continued for more than a decade. In 1813 an act of G~and marshal for the event will be of chrome from Rhodesia Mexican Gen. Raul Madero, the A hearing has been held by the Sub­ independence was adopted by the Chil­ pancingo congress which included the brother of former Mexican President committee on African Affairs of the Sen­ :i-:rancisc~ I. Madero, who led the revolu­ ate Committee on Foreign Relations on revolutionary principles of abolition of slavery and of castes, with equal rights tion agamst dictator Porfirio Diaz in S. 1868, which proposes to resume the 1910. General Madero comes as the per­ prohibition against importation of for all. Newly claimed freedoms began to be reflected in such areas as Cali­ sonal envoy of Mexico's President Luis Rhodesian .chrome Echevarria, and we are pleased to wel­ This .prohibition, placed into effect by fornia through the establising of legis­ latures a~d local councils, and through come him to San Jose as our distin­ Executive order of President Johnson guished guest. was removed as a result of congressionai the grantmg of complete legal equality and full citizenship to non-Mexicans. . Many chicano groups and organiza­ action in 1971. An effort was made last tions will participate in the festive pa­ year to resume the ban, but this was California's development benefited from these reforms during the Mexican Re­ . rade by entering floats or performing in voted down in the Senate. musical or marching units. As the chief sponsor of the legislation public. When Mexico signed the Treaty of ~icycle races will precede the parade, permitting the United States to resume usmg the same route. There will be three c~rome imports from Rhodesia, I appre­ Guadalupe Hidalgo, thereby ending the Mexican-American War, it was specified categories for youths 7 years and Ciate the support of the American Legion ol~er. Prizes will be given to bike race on this issue. I commend the resolution that all persons who chose to remain within the territory annexed to the Unit­ winners and to top entries in some 20 of the Legion to the attention of my ed States were guaranteed the rights­ parade categories. colleagues. property and political-given to all other I want to congratulate everyone who I ask unanimous consent that the American citizens. With the exception ~as contributed to the fine program that text of the resolution be printed in the of native Americans, Mexicans are the is scheduled to celebrate this anniver­ Extensions of Remarks. only minority in the United States who sary of Mexican Independence. There being no objection, the text of have b~en annexed by conquest, and the resolution was ordered to be printed whose rights are specifically safeguarded in the RECORD, as follows: by a written provision. FIFTY-FIFTH ANNUAL NATIONAL CONVENTION MANDATORY FUEL ALLOCATION OF THE AMERICAN LEGION, HONOLULU Our history, however, shows a pattern URGENTLY NEEDED HAWAII, AUGUST 21-23, 1973-RESOLUTIO; of. exclusi~n and discrimination and No.26 failure to llve up to these goals and as­ Committee: Foreign Relations surances. HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER Subject: Rhodesia T.he 1!ni~e~ States, and particularly OF :MASSACHUSETTS Whereas, Several members of the Congress Cahforma, 1s rndebted to the various and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES have entered bills in the 93rd Congress, such often unrecognized contributions of as H.R. 8005, H.R. 8006, and H.R. 8007, the in­ Mexican culture and life. Prior to 1900 Thursday, September 13, 1973 tent of which is to halt the importation by Mexicans had brought the pack train to Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr. !1:i~ United States of chrome from Rhodesia; Texas and established the first transpor­ Speaker, with the specter of critical tation. system throughout the Southwest. shortages of home heating oil facing New Whereas, Such action would constitute un­ On tnals they made from San Diego to due interference in the domestic affairs of England residents this winter, I am Rhodesia and deny the United States stra­ Tucson. from Santa Fe to El Paso, Vera appalled at tp.e administration's con­ tegic chrome from a non-communist source· Cruz, and Mexico City, supplies were tinued refusal to imp!ement a mandatory and ' brought to mining camps and settle- progran1 for fuel allocation. Instead, the Whereas, Imports of chrome from Rhodesi~ ments. Mexican-Americans taught early Government is clinging to its ineffec- September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29769 tive - and discredited - program of what kind of oil went to the various whole­ ent retailers. If the independent has no fuel, salers, Train said it struck him as "a matter the homes he supplies will have no fuel. •oluntary allocation. . of equity" to link a mandatory program to A congressional survey of the maJor 3. MASSIVE SHORTAGE OF HOME HEATING OIL exceptions to clean air rules. "I think those All projections, analyses and statistics oil companies along the east coast re­ two things go together." 14 demonstrate that-unless prompt action leased today showed that they have He added: "If there have to be some com­ is taken by the Federal Government­ percent more heating oil on hand than a promises on air quality this coming winter there will be a massive shortage of No. 2 year ago. However, at the same time fig­ because of oil shortages, I would think a mandatory allocation system could help keep f.uel oil in the Northeast this winter. Homes, ures show that the independents have schools, hospitals, factories and all other 50 them to a minimum." percent less than they had heading Such a mandatory program, he said, would users of oil heat could well go cold; the re­ into last winter. This is shocking. Only help assure that clean-burning oil-that is, sult will be a severe threat to health, mas­ a mandatory allocation program imple­ low in sulfur content-would go where it is sive disruptions of public services and sub­ mented now will solve this critical im­ needed most to keep the air safe to breathe. stantial loss of jobs. balance that could jeopardize the many Mr. Nixon's recent statements on how to Independent heating oil retailers in the homes, schools, and industries in New avoid the threatened shortage of heating oil Northeast have already been notified by their indicate he favors a wider relaxation of clean suppliers that deliveries in the coming win­ England this winter. ter will be far below last years levels. The Today, in the House caucus room, air rules than the "absolute minimum" Train advocates. projected shortage in some areas is already more than 800 retail fuel oil dealers from White House energy chief Love is expected as high as 40%. 9 Northeastern States met with con­ to urge state governors and city officials to 4. PLAN OF ACTION gressional delegates to make their case relax their clean air plans so more power Immediate action is needed to prevent cold in the strongest terms that we need a plants can stick with coal while others burn homes, hospitals, and schools: mandatory allocation program now. a higher sulfur oil than envisioned by those A. Mandatory Allocation Program for No. I also am pleased to note that Mr. plans. The White House argues that this will 2 Fuel Oil: We strongly support Congres­ Russell Train, Administrator of the E:r:i­ leave more oil for heating homes this winter. sional legislation to increase supplies by es­ vironmental Protection Agency, has said Sen. Henry M. Jackson (D-Wash.), chair­ tablishing a mandatory allocation program clean air standards should not be relaxed man of the Senate Interior Coinmittee, has for distillate products. Such a program must said that clean air plans would not have to provide: until the mandatory allocation program be eased if the mandatory fuel allocation That independent retailers and wholesalers is implemented-"as a m~tter of ~q?ity." program he favors is enacted. are guaranteed 100% of their base period Mr. Train is the third high adm1mstra­ Sen. Edmund S. Muskie (D-Maine), an au­ supply of No. 2 fuel oil,; tion official to call for mandatory alloca­ thor of the Clean Air Act which is the basis That major oil companies must import tion. Mr. William Simon, chairman of for standards now in dispute, said in the the substantial additional quantities of No. the Oil Policy Committee, and Mr. Duke Senate on Monday that President Nixon's 2 fuel oil needed .to meet the demands of plea for easing the rules "is apparently based their own systems and total requirements of Ligon, who administers th~ voluntary more on politics than on fact." program in the Office of 011 and Gas, independent retailers. Cost of Living Coun­ Declaring that "the people who must cil rules must be amended to require that have testified in favor of mandatory al­ breathe dirty air have a right to ask whether foreign costs be averaged with domestic and location. the President has considered other alterna­ to permit pass through-by both importers New Englanders can do without meat tives," Muskie said he has asked Love to ex­ and retailers--of all costs of foreign product. but not heat. This period of indecision plain the administration's rationale at a Sen­ A mandatory allocation program will: could be disastrous-it may be already ate Public Works subcommittee hearing next Increase supplies of home heating oil in too late to move in the vast quantities of week. the total U.S. market and in the independ­ Senate Majority Leader Mike Mansfield (D­ ent market, thus preventing severe hardship No. 2 fuel oil needed to meet the peak Mont.) answered "I doubt it" when report­ demands of the coming winter in New for millions of homes served by independent ers asked him yesterday if Congress would retail dealers. England. weaken the Clean Air Act this session. Prevent continued sharp escalation of A mandatory allocation program must prices in the Northeast, by assuring that a be implemented to protect the public EMERGENCY FUEL OIL SUPPLY COMMITTEE OF greater proportion of lower priced domestic health, safety, and welfare, and to pro­ THE RETAIL FUEL OIL DEALERS FROM NEW No. 2 fuel oil is made available to consumers vide for equitable prices among all re­ ENGLAND, NEW YORK, NEW JERSEY, AND in the 9 state area. PENNSYLVANIA; STATEMENT OF POSITION, End discrimination by the Federal Gov­ gions and areas of the United States. SEPTEMBER 12, 1973 To help keep the Congress informed of ernment against homeowners who use fuel developments in this critical issue, I am 1. HOME HEATING OIL IS VITAL oil. Federal policies now guarantee full sup­ including in the RECORD a copy of Mr. No. 2 fuel oil is vital to the health and plies of natural gas, electricity and propane safety of the majority of the homeowners in to homes that rely on these fuels for heat. Train's remarks as they appeared in to­ our states. Only in the case of No. 2 fuel oil has the day's Washington Post and of the state_­ HEATED BY OIL Federal Government refused to guarantee ment of position presented by the retail supplies to the homeowners. The lack of fuel oil dealers. The material follows: clear policy discriminates against the North­ Percent of Number of eastern states, where fuel oil consumption is TRAIN DIFFERS WITH WHITE HOUSE ON MAN­ Area homes homes DATORY FUEL OIL CONTROLS highest in the nation. Prevent refiners from exploiting the cur­ (By George C. Wilson) New England______75 2, 800, 000 rent fuel shortage to drive independent re­ Clean air standards should not be relaxed New York State______57 3, 500, 000 tailers out of business by arbitrarily cutting unless a mandatory program for allocating Long Island, N.Y______80 550, 000 New Jersey______53 1, 300, 000 off their supplies, thereby severing supply fuel oil is implemented at the same time, the Pennsylvania______35 I, 300, 000 relationships that, in many cases, date back new head of the Environmental Protection for decades. Agency said yesterday. Preserve and strengthen the independent EPA administrator Russell E. Train added Nearly 60 % of the nation's No. 2 fuel oil sector of the petroleum market. in an interview that he hoped to keep ex­ is consumed in the nine Northeastern We are strongly opposed to any plan for states-the highest concentration of. usage ceptions to clean air objectives "to an abso­ rationing of fuel oil to the consumer. Such lute minimum." in the nation. a plan would be unworkable and result in His role, said Train, is to work out the 2. ROLE OF INDEPENDENT HEATING OIL RETAILER chaos in the retail heating oil market. mechanism for state governors to get "vari­ The major portion of this oil is delivered B. Amendment of Phase IV Price Regula­ ances" from plans to clean up the air. But to homes by independent retail dealers: tions: The Phase IV Oil Regulations bla­ Train said he does not intend to force such tantly discriminate against independent re­ variances upon the cities and states. Percent of oil-heated homes supplied by in- dependent heating oil retailers tailers of heating oil and gasoline. Train's views, set forth one day after the All segments of the petroleum industry can Senate confirmed his nomination to EPA's New England______82 New York State______85 pass through all increased costs, up to retail top job, conflict with the White House on the level; the retailer is forced to absorb all in­ mandatory allocation question. Long Island, N.Y.______90 New Jersey______85 creased costs, except increased costs resulting Former Colorado Gov. John Love and his from imported product. deputy at the White House energy office, Pennsylvania------90 Retailers are forced to use a mark-up date Charles J. DiBona, both oppose mandatory · If these retailers are not guaranteed the of January 10, 1973; the producers, manufac­ controls. President Nixon so far has taken full quantity of fuel oil needed to serve their turers, and major oil companies are allowed their advice. customers, many of these customers will a May 15, 1973 mark-up date. Thus, the in­ Conceding that he did not know what mar­ simply go cold. There is no substitute for the dependent heating oil retailer is forced to keting problems might arise as the federal delivery system-the storage facilities and absorb all costs since January 10th. Product government tried to control how much and trucks--owned and operated by in depend- and non-product costs have obviously in- 29770 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 creased markedly from January 10th to Home Heating Council of Northern Rhode were well acquainted with the great classical May 15th. The major oil companies have al­ Island. writings on the subject, therefore came to ready passed these increased marketing cost.s Maine Oil Dealers Association. their tasks very thoroughly equipped. They on, but the independent retailer cannot. 011 Heat Institute of Long Island. knew the results of the experiments in gov­ The independent heating oil and gasoline New York Oil Heating Association. ernment through the ages. retailers are the only segments of t he econ­ Empire State Petroleum Association. Above all, they knew, although perhaps in omy and the only class of ret ailers who are Pennsylvania Petroleum Association and every case did not fully realize, that man is not allowed under Phase IV to pass through ten affiliated associations. here on earth to become self-reliant, self­ increased costs on a dollar-for-dollar basis. Delaware Valley Fuel Oil Dealers Associa­ expressive, and self-determined, in order to In brief, unless substantial changes are tion. glorify his Creator. made in the Phase IV regulations, many in­ It is often asserted nowadays that this dependent dealers, within the next few weeks, generation knows more than did the Consti­ will be faced with selling substantial volumes tution makers. So we do--but not about gov­ of product at a loss. In such cases, the re­ CONSTITUTION WEEK ernment. We could have known more, per­ tailer, a small independent businessman, haps, had we been interested, but within this will be forced out of business, and the home­ framework of freedom erected by the fathers, owners who rely on the ret ailer for fuel will HON. EDWARD J. PATTEN we have been busy building the country. be without heat. OF NEW JERSEY Their special wisdom in the field of govern­ We, therefore strongly recommend the fol­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment left us free to do that. They made the Zowing amendments to the Phase IV rules: blue print, laid the foundations, reared the The independent heating oil retailer must Thursday, September 13, 1973 scaffolding and started the building; and we be permitted to adjust retail prices to reflect have by no means filled in that framework foreign and domestic product cost increases Mr. PATTEN. Mr. Speaker, with Con­ of destiny and freedom. on a dollar-for-dollar basis, and to institute stitution Week fast approaching, many Our Fathers knew better than we that the each retail adjustment on the date that the individuals and groups are finding ways specific temptation of government in all cost changes are experienced. to stress the importance of the Constitu­ times-any government--even an American The independent heating oil retailer must tion during the week of September 17 to government-is to seize more power than is be permitted to adjust prices to reflect all 23. allotted to it, or misuse the power it has. non-product cost changes such as labor, truck One of these individuals, Mrs. Arthur They foresaw the always possible use of dazz­ maintenance, and other related operating ling personal leadership; they foresaw the expenses, on a dollar-for-dollar basis. Johnson, of High Point, N.C., and a displacement of law by temporary emotion; The August 19, 1973 ceiling price should former constituent of mine, is working the tendency to unwise action under stress; be calculated by using the average cost of hard through her position as delegate for and to prevent these evils, they erected cer­ inventory on August 1, 1973 plus the actual the Alexander Martin Chapter of the tain barriers. The Presidency, the Congress mark-up on June 1 to 8-the dates of the Daughters of the American Revolution, and the Courts were made subordinate to the freeze. The mark-up presently permitted to see that Constitution Week receives Constitution. These three powers of govern­ under the Phase IV petroleum program may the attention it.so well deserves. ment, with officers' oath-bound to the Con­ be feasible for some gasoline retailers, but stitution are established in complete inde­ is completely inadequate for the heating oil Mrs. Johnson's views are a lesson for pendence one of another, on the supposition retailer who must buy and maintain fleets us all. She believes that-- that never would all three of them combine of delivery and service trucks and bulk There are a. few things that mean more to against the people or the law that gave them storage facilities, plus provide 24 hour serv­ me than life, and next to God, my precious being. ice and deliveries and extend credit and face native land is one of them. The Constitution gives us the foundation substantial delays in receiving payment. for a free, prosperous and independent life The independent heating oil and gasoline I would like to insert Mrs. Johnson's for every citizen, but each generation, in retailer should be eligible for the small busi­ favorite article on the Constitution at time, must work for and claim it, otherwise, ness exemption applicable to all other indus­ this time, so that everyone can share through carelessness, or indifference, the tries under the Phase IV regulations. these thoughts: rights and liberties we have enjoyed may In addition, we urge prompt action by the THE CONSTITUTION vanish. Cost of Living Council to correct the gross (By Mary Ba.relay Erb) Let us thoroughly acquaint ourselves with inequities and discriminatory aspects of the this magni:flcient document, which is ours to Phase IV rules and regulations on the in­ Daniel Webster said-"It is the people's respect; ours to protect, and ours to use­ dependent petroleum retailer. Constitution, the people's government; made Now. c. Temporary Amendment of Air Quality for the people; made by the people; and an­ Standards: We are pleased that the President swerable to the people." It has been said, "To understand the Con­ and the Director of the Energy Policy Office CIGARETI'E BAN recognize the need for a temporary relaxation stitution of the United States is the clarion of air quality standards in certain areas of call of the hour, a call as dynamic as when the Northeast. Moses wrote the Ten Commandments." There it stands-in all its majesty-the HON. WILMER MIZELL We recommend that, during the period OF NORTH CAROLINA October 1, 1973 through April 30, 1974, the center of our nation. Simply by being, it de­ state agencies permit--where it is currently fends and warns. It defends us from fallacies IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that the experience of 3,000 years condemns; prohibited-the burning of No. 2 fuel oil of Thursday, September 13, 1973 ¥.i of 1 % sulfur content and No. 6 (residual) from dictatorship which is abhorrent to fuel oil of 1 % sulfur content. every American concept; from the totali­ Mr. MIZELL. Mr. Speaker, as my col­ This will result in increased supplies of oil tarian state that regiments men, their minds leagues will recall, I have recently called to heat homes as imports of higher sulfur and bOdies. From these and like evils now for the resignation of Mr. Richard O. fuel oil from foreign refineries increase and so widespread on earth, our Constitution Simpson, chairman of the Consumer the use of No. 2 fuel as a blend with No. 6 daily defends us. It stands between us and the great blasphemy that man is a creature Products Safety Commission, following decrea.ses. his much-publicized pledge to ban cig­ D. Summary: In short, we need help from of the state. Congress in two major areas: The peculiar glory of the Constitution of arettes through clearly unlawful means. 1. Immediate legislation to assure ade­ the United States is that it is not a charter The noted columnist, James J. Kil­ quate supply and equitable distribution of rights granted by government to a peo­ patrick, recently wrote a column on the through a mandatory allocation program. ple, but a limit of powers to which a vigilant subject of Mr. Simpson in particular, 2. Support, assistance and, if necessary, people restricts its government. It is not a and would-be bureaucratic big brothers legislation to correct the inequities of Phase government edict which the people must in general. IV as it applies to the independent retailer. obey, but a people's law which government must obey. "We the people of the United The column makes for interesting ORGANIZATIONS States," these seven potent words were and reading, no matter what my colleagues' New England Fuel Institute and Affiliated remain, all subsequent world upheavals not­ position on this particular example of Associations. withstanding, the most revolutionary words bureaucratic excess may be, and I am Vermont Oil Heat·rnstitute. on record. inserting it in the RECORD for my col­ Better Home Heat Council of New Hamp­ The Fathers of the Constitution were not leagues' information and consideration: shire. just a group of casual people who started a Better Home Heat Council of Massachu­ casual thing in a casual way. They had GOVERNMENTS AND BANS AND DESPOTIC setts. studied the ancient civilizations and the ASSERTIONS Independent Connecticut Petroleum As­ methods of government employed therein. (By James J. Kilpatriqk) sociation. They had studied the medieval systems and Today's topic is Richard 0. Simpson, or Home Heating Council of Rhode Island. the various government s of their day. They more precisely, the state of mind symbolized September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29771 so vividly by Simpson's statement of August A SUBSTITUTE FOR DDT breakthrough in getting this pathogen 22. The gentleman is chairman of the new registered with the Environmental Pro­ Federal Consumer Product Safety Commis­ tection Agency. It is a tribute to the sion. He proposes to ban some or all ciga­ HON. BILL NICHOLS Agricultural Research Service for pur­ rettes by bureaucratic decree. OF ALABAMA suing the development of this microbe In a speech and interview in Newark three IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES from its conception through registration weeks ago, Simpson said he would welcome a petition from members of Congress, asking Thursday, September 13, 1973 and into the hands of the farmer. The article follows: for his commission to take such action. He Mr. NICHOLS. Mr. Speaker, as you would then go through the motions of gath­ A SUBSTITUTE FOR DDT ering evidence and hearing industry com­ may know the Agricultural Research Service of the USDA began to reorient (By Joseph Alsop) ments. His own mind is already closed: "We Whatever the environmentalists may say, have a serious expectation of achieving a its research program in 1955 long before one point cannot be doubted about DDT ban. We should and will be able to achieve the Rachel Carson era. It gradually and the other great chemical insect killers. it." shifted major emphasis from research on Their invention was one of the great events The chairman is not at all deterred by what conventional insecticides to more selec­ of the 1940s, historically quite on a par with would appear to be a threshold problem of tive chemical and nonchemical methods any decisive battle of World War II. So the law. His commission was created by the to control major insects, particularly it is worth reporting that another, quite com­ Consumer Product Safety Act, which specifi­ parable development appears to be on the cally excludes tobacco products from the those pests requiring heavY usage of commission's jurisdiction. However, the com­ insecticides year in and year out. Some of way. mission is charged with administering the the general classes of alternative meth­ Teams of researchers, including a good Hazardous Substances Act, which does not ods that the Agricultural Research Serv­ many in the laboratories of the Agriculture exclude tobacco. Department, have long been at work on viral ice investigated were resistant varieties insect killers. It may seem odd, but noxious The bureaucratic rule as to jurisdiction­ of plants which :.nhibit attack by insects, it is part of the Simpson syndrome--is that insects are quite as troubled by viruses as any field not excluded is included. The diseases, and nematodes; attractants human beings are. They have their own bac­ chairman is ready to declare that cigarette which lure insects to traps or other de­ terial diseases, too. Furthermore, insect dis­ tobacco is a toxic substance, a cause of can­ vices where they can be killed or ster­ eases transferable to animals and men are cer and death; once his ban takes effect, he ilized; genetic controls which consist of immensely rare--although there are of would invoke "criminal penalties" against releases of sexually sterile insects that course a few, like malaria. the manufacture of forbidden cigarettes, and mate with normal insects; bioenviron­ All this is worth thinking about-a damn- · send the makers to prison. sight more worth thinking about than mental controls which are cultural and anything now happening in political Wash­ At the bottom of the Simpson syndrome mechanical practices against insects, is the bureaucratic conviction that Papa ington, in fact-because of the first viral Knows Best. But it is not merely the notion nematodes, weeds and diseases; hormone insect-killer has just been quietly approved that government knows what is good for the developments which disrupt an insect's for commercial use by the Environmental people; this is coupled to the despotic as­ life cycle and limit the number of insects Protection Agency. It is based on a virus sertion that government has power to make that survive, and the development of fatal to the cotton bollworm, which attacks the people be good. If the people will not parasites, predators, and pathogens that corn and tomatoes as well as cotton. stop smoking by their own voluntary action, destroy insects and weeds by feeding on The developer of this wholly new way Simpson would effectively compel them to of attacking a major crop-killer is Dr. Carlo or infecting them. M. Ignoffo, now head of one of the Agricul­ stop smoking by imposing his will upon An their erring behavior. article written by Joseph Alsop en­ tural Research Service's laboratories at Tocqueville foresaw this "new form of titled "A Substitute for DDT" which ap­ Columbia, Mo. Dr. Ignoffo isolated his virus tyranny" a full century before George Orwell peared in the Washington Post, Septem­ as long ago as 1963. The long interval was developed the theme in his novel ''1984." ber 10, 1973, indicates the progress which partly needed for commercial development Americans, he warned, one day would sur­ the Agricultural Research Service and of the virus by the American firm now pur­ render their liberties to bureaucratic masters industry have made in developing some chased by the big Swiss chemical company, who desired only to do good for their sub­ of these new alternative methods to con­ Sandoz. jects. In the end, the people would become trol insects, particularly the development Above all, however, endl~ss tests were timid sheep, obedient to government shep­ needed to prove to everyone's satisfaction herds. of a virus to control the bollworm and that the new virus would be harmless ex­ Such benevolent paternalism acts upon tobacco budworm-Heliothis spp. These cept to bollworms. On this point, the Agri­ our body politic like a leech, draining the worms are distributed worldwide and are culture Department's researchers can be just blood from traditions and institutions. The severely destructive to many different a mite touchy. They are fond of reciting the chief practitioner of this dreadful phleboto­ economic plants. Annual cost to control case of the cabbage looper virus, related to my is Ralph Nader, who would strip our life Heliothis on cotton in the United States that of the cotton boll worm. of risk and variety, but Nader is not alone. is estimated at over $50 million. In many "You're an Ea.sterner, eh, and you like cole­ The vitamin-mineral decrees recently im­ areas of the world it is difficult to get slaw? Well if you live in the East and eat posed by the Food and Drug Administration adequate control of Heliothis; field popu­ coleslaw, you take in millions of units of cab­ are classic manifestations of the Simpson bage looper virus with every forkful through­ syndrome. Some of the idiot regulations of lations are reported resistant to organo­ out the autumn months. And nobody has the Federal Trade Commission are products chlorine, organophosphorus, and car­ ever been the worse for it, either." of the same stultifying despotism that in­ bamate compounds and resistance is in­ Here the speaker was Dr. A. M. Heimpel, creasingly is imposed on our society. Our creasing. About 80 million pounds of leader of another major laboratory of the Big Brothers do not come singly; they come chemical insecticides were used on cot­ Agricultural Research Service at Beltsville, in whole _families, suffocating us with kind­ ton in the United States with 60 percent Md. Dr. Heimpel has his own share in an­ ness, with love, and with power. used specifically for control of Heliothis. other insecticidal first, akin to Dr. Ignoffo's. The Hazardous Substances Act applies to This was the development of a major bac­ any substance "which has the capacity to Based on estimates of current usage of chemical insecticides and probable mar­ terial insect-killer based on a microbe called produce personal injury or illness to man" bacillus thuringiensis. It is fatal to a good through ingestion, inhalation, or absorption. ket potential the Heliothis virus could many noxious insects having a caterpillar The act thus applies to a whole universe of conservatively account for 1 to 3 mil­ phase, and is already widely used by the in­ consumer products that can be eaten, drunk, lion-acre applications per season for tensive, semi-industrial farmers of the West touched, or breathed. control of bollworms on cotton. An ex­ Coast. Do Americans truly desire a society that is trapolation based on these values would "It will kill gypsy moths, too," Dr. Heimpel perfectly safe, a society purged of every trace indicate that the Heliothis virus could says. "The question is not whether to lose of smog, germs, rough places and sharp replace the use of more than 4 million whole forests or resume use of DDT. The edges? Do we want to live in a beautiful co­ pounds of chemical insecticides per year question is whether to spend enough to save coon, padded in styrofoam layers of bureau­ the forests. The bacterial and viral insecti­ cratic protection? I deny it absolutely. But on cotton. The development of this viral cides are always likely to be a bit more ex­ that is the kind of antiseptic society envl- insecticide by the Agricultural Research pensive than the chemicals." -sioned by our new masters. They lovingly Service and industry is an outstanding Both Dr. Heimpel and Dr. Ignoffo agree, would see our freedoms, like so many ciga­ achievement and I would like to insert in moreover, that only the very first break­ rettes, go up in sm,oke and be ca.st out in the RECORD the article by Mr. Alsop, be­ throughs have been made in their field. Dr. the trash with other hazardous things. cause I think it points out a major Heimpel says that "without counting bac- 29772 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 teria, there are over 100 pesticide viruses or in a. plece of clothing or in the words of around that doesn't know I'm actively in­ coming along for different uses-most o! a. casual conversation. volved in it. them for very important uses. Some are ab­ He can stare across the dinner table at "Most of my time is spent talking to people solutely specific-won't touch but a single his wife, Pauline, who is "talking about the in the (sex) business," he says, anytime it's insect pest. But there are others like the neighbors and the birds and the bees and necessary, 24 hours a day, every day. He says alfalfa looper virus, that can be used against the pot roast tha.t didn't turn out" and he he never stops being a detective. several different pests now attacking food says he won't even hear her and she knows Light never goes to a movie without his and fiber crops." it. gun because he never knows who he is going It is curious, then, to see the reaction of Afterwards he can, for the hundredth to meet. And when he goes out to eat, he's the rest of the scientific community to these time, sift through the contents of the manila very particular about where he sits. fascinating breakthroughs of potentially folder marked "Howard," rereading the old "You'll never go to Ernie Light and pat great historical importance. An article in facts and looking between the lines for some­ him on the back and say 'how you doing Science led this reporter to Dr. Heimpel, thing new. Ern ?' " he says, because he always sits in who then pointed the road to Dr. Ignoffo, the Hours later he can get out of bed, he says, front of everybody else-facing the door and chief author of the first approved version of and smoke a half pa.ck of cigarettes thinking the cash register. "You never know what's what Science called "a new class of pesti­ it all over again. going to happen." cides." Of Howard, or of any murder victim, he He doesn't belong to any social clubs be­ The comparison with DDT is specifically says: "He may have been the worst gutter rat cause, he says, he doesn't want to be com­ made in the Science article. Science's se­ around, but he didn't deserve what I found. promised in any way. He goes everywhere quence of developments produced by DDT Noway." with his wife. He says, "She's the only per­ began with: "Saved countless lives in World The Howard case is not the only unsolved son in the world I trust." War II," but it ended approvingly: "Target murder in Arlington. It's the most recent of "Ernie Light is a compassionate man," says of the bumper sticker people; banned by the five killings that span a decade and remain his supervisor, Lt. Warren Siske. "He has a Environmental Protection Agency." The im­ unexplained: way of relating to problems. He has the gift plication in Science was that the new viral Deanne Shangle, "a beautiful thing, what of gab. And he's an artist when it comes to insecticides might well end by having to be a waste" found strangled in her oathtub interrogation." banned in the same manner. about 10 years ago. "Ernie would have made a terrific sales­ Maybe this is correct. Since homo sapiens Marcia. Currier, a deafmute, raped and man," Siske said, "if he liked the product." began to :flourish so mightily, probably ex­ strangled four years ago in her Arlington Light sa.ys in his business, a good inter­ Forest home. rogator has to be able to "talk to a prosti­ terminating Neanderthal man, no great Frank Shipley, 77, who in 1970 suffered a change in the circumstances of life has failed tute like she's a vh·gin out of a convent." fatal heart attack in front of his elderly wife When he questions the victim of a sex to produce a mixture of good and bad con­ after a masked man forced him to open his sequences. Medical advance means over­ crime, usually women, he says he sets the basement safe. ground for communication by observing population. Increased affluence means gen­ Rene Karam, a waiter, tied to his bed and eral over-eating. And so it goes. the type of woman she is. Does she cross her strangled with a belt in March, 1970. legs, wear ·a wedding ring or have long finger No doubt, therefore, the development of "Until you walk into a home or apartment a whole new class of enemies of the insect nails? And the interviews are always con­ and see the results of a killing like I .aave, ducted alone-the interference of a third pests will end by proving to have drawbacks you don't know (about murder). This is the of some sort. But these particular enemies party, he says, could break the threads of only way understanding comes," says Light. trust that otherwise would lead him to the have been around, waiting to be mobilized "If you can't force yourself into having an against the pests, since long before man information he needs. understanding of these people (the killers), "A gun is not a policeman's weapon," he himself began to be around. So one may hope you're not going to cut it. You don't have for a good result. says. "His mouth is." to condone what they do, but you damn well He has never been shot and the only per­ better understand it." son who "ever got to me with a blade" was Ernest G. Light, 42, grew up in Glassport, a. woman who grabbed a kitchen knife as Pa., along the Monongahela River, the only Light tried to calm her after a domestic MURDER BY HANDGUN: THE CASE son of a steel mill worker who also hae four quarrel. He got a little cut up, he says, FOR GUN CONTROL-NO. 19 daughters. They used to call him "the sher­ but did not file charges against the woman. iff" because, Light says, he was always pre­ "In the past seven years I have met about tending he was one. the meanest people to come down the line," He moved to Arlington with his father he says, and shrugs off the notion tha.t a HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON while he was in his early teens. They began life devoted to violent death and personal OF MASSACHUSETTS a home repair business, and Light recalls injury might not be the most pleasant of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES that each time he'd see a police car io by occupations. from his perch on a. painter's ladder "it "I love it," he said, "I feed on it." Thursday, September 13, 1973 would tear my guts out." But along with the challenges and excit­ Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, the In 1957, he was accepted by the -:ounty ments of the job, come the fears. 18 previous inserts have dealt with the police department, served four years in the "Once I was hurt, and I was up in the patrol division and six years in Juvenile. In hospital, and I said, 'For God's sake don't victims of handgun murders. go over to my house and knock on the door Today's article discusses the police­ 1966, he joined the homicide squad. The county averages about five homicides a year. (it was 7 a.m.) and scare Pauline half to man who must spend time, energy, and "I've always wanted to be where I am now,'' death." So they (the police) went right over the taxpayers' money to find the killer. and knocked on the door, and when she Light says, "it's where it's all at. The cases answered, they handed her my gun and I would like to insert at this time a are very serious, for one thing, and they rep­ September 4 article by Laura Kiernan of badge. resent a greater challenge." "Right away, she knew I was dead," he the Washington Post: "It feeds my ego to be where I'm at." said. UNRESOLVED MURDERS BOTHER DETECTIVE Hugh Howard was arrested in December, That time Light was being treated for an (By Laura A. Kiernan) 1969, with six women following a series of accidental neck injury. He says he is con­ Ever since Hugh Hefner Howard was found police raids on Northern Virginia motels. vinced there will be a time when they'll give two years ago sprawled a.cross his mother's Howard was charged with five counts each his wife his gun and badge for good. bed with a small caliber bullet hole in either of aiding prostitution, a misdemeanor, &n.d "You're not dealing with Boy Scouts, here," side of his head, he has been an irritation to procuring prostitutes, a. felony. he says. In February, he was convicted of the lesser "I'll die on this job,'' he says, "I believe it Ernie Light. to the tips of my toes. Howard reputedly ran a sex-for-hire busi­ charge, and in October, the five felony counts were dropped when the chief prosecution "And knowing fate the way it is, it'll be ness with customers ranging from the man some drunk or mental patient and he'll go on the street to "high government sources," witness--one of the six women arrested with Howard-failed to show up. back to the hospital. No, it doesn't scare says Light, a homicide detective with the me, it's too far away, I can't see it." Arlington County police department. At the time of his death, Howard was ap­ When two friends who were concerned "It was just no stranger who came down pealing the misdemeanor convictions. about not hearing from him, discovered the line and killed Howard," Light says, as "With a case like this, you open the doors Howard's body in his parents fifth floor if Howards' killer was more than just a to hundreds of suspects,'' says Light. "I have apartment on S. Eads Street, he had been burglar he discovered in his parents house. talked to people involved in sex professionally dead for two days. A

Department of Defense Department of Defense (including civil Civilian agencies (including civil Civilian agencies Total functions) (except Defense) Total functions) (except Defense) Average Average Average Average Average Average employ- Pay (in employ- Pay (in employ- Pay (in employ- Pay (in employ- Pay (in employ­ Pay (in Fiscal year ment billions) ment billions) ment billions) Fiscal year ment billions) ment billions) ment billions)

1963 ______2, 481, 657 $15. 3 1, 063, 720 $6. 6 1, 417, 937 $8. 7 1969 ______2, 961, 640 $24. 0 1, 305, 664 $10. 2 1, 655, 976 $13. 8 1964 ______2, 476, 656 16. 1 1, 042, 552 6. 8 1, 434, 104 9. 3 1970 ______2, 958, 364 26. 8 1, 264, 207 11. 2 1, 694, 157 15. 6 1965 ______2, 467, 858 17. 1 1, 024, 482 7. 1 1, 443, 376 10. 0 1971______2, 857, 013 29. 1 1, 162, 117 11. 6 1, 694, 896 17. 5 1966 ______2, 574, 429 18. 6 1, 074, 080 7. 7 1, 500, 349 10. 9 1972 ______2, 839, 163 31. 2 1, 128, 172 12. 2 1, 710, 991 19. 0 1967 ______2, 840, 393 20. 4 1, 234, 474 8. 7 1, 605, 919 11. 7 1973 ______2, 777, 265 32. 7 1, 076, 039 12. 4 1, 701, 226 20. 3 1968 ______2, 935, 826 22. 3 1, 280, 853 9. 4 1, 654, 973 12. 9

CXIX--1876-Part 23 29774 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 In the executive branch payroll costs in the Postal Service, Defense, Veterans, Treas­ tionals and includes an average of 36,528 for fl.seal year 1973 totaled $32.7 billion, and ury and HEW. disadvantaged persons. civilian employment during the 12 months of The average executive branch employment THE MONTH OF JULY 1973 the fiscal year averaged 2,777,265. On this total of 2,777,265 includes an average of basis, the average annual pay per federal em­ Total civilian employment in the Execu­ 2,450,008 full-time employees in permanent tive, Legislative and Judicial Branches of the ployee in fiscal year 1973 was approximately positions. $11,800. Federal Government in the month of July The executive branch payroll cost of $33 was 2,821,803, a decrease of 2,749 as compared The executive branch payroll cost of $32.7 billion excludes $683 million for foreign na­ with 2,824,557 in the preceding month of billion in 1973 included $12.4 billion in De­ tionals not on regular rolls and includes $106 June. fense, $7.6 billion for the Postal Service and million for disadvantaged persons employed EXECUTIVE BRANCH $12.7 billion in other civilian departments under federal opportunity programs. The Civilian employment in the Executive and agencies. Significant increases in pay average employment total of 2,777,265 ex­ Branch in the month of July as compared costs during the fiscal year were shown for cludes an average of 107,983 for foreign na- with the preceding month of June, follows:

Full time in Temporary, permanent part time Total positions Change etc. Change employment Change

June 1973------2, 421, 707 ------359, 182 ------2, 780, 889 ------

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Civilian agencies------l, 434, 426 ------293, 790 ------1, 728, 216 ------Military agencies ______-----_ ------.. ------===9=87='=28=1=--=-=-_=_=_=_-=-=--=-=-===6=5=, 3=9=2=_=_=--=-=-=--=-=--=-=- -==l=,0=5=2,=6=7=3 =-=--=-=-=--=-=--=·=-·=- July 1973______2, 395, 000 -26, 707 383, 299 +24, 117 2, 778, 299 -2, 590

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~- Ci viii an agencies------1, 418, 376 -16, 050 312, 664 +18, 874 1, 731, 040 +2, 824 Military agencies------976, 624 -10, 657 70, 635 +5, 243 1, 047, 259 -5, 414

Some highlights with respect to Executive culture with 3,758, Treasury with 2.424, HEW UNIFORMED MILITARY PERSONNEL Branch employment for the month of July, with 1,922 (due to the conversion of certain Uniformed military personnel in the De­ are: public assistance grant programs, previously partment of Defense has decreased 446,831 Full-time permanent employment showed operated by the states, to direct federal ad­ during the past ten years since 1963, while major decreases in military agencies of 10,657, ministration) and Justice with 1,150. The civilian employment has increased 2,649 dur­ Postal Service with 8,948, Agriculture with largest decrease was in Postal Service with ing the same period. Annual military costs 2,290, Treasury with 1,489, Veterans with 7,031. . in fiscal year 1973 were $22 billion and ci­ 1,076 and Interior with 1,039. Employment inside the United States de­ vilian pay costs were $12 billion. Temporary and part-time employment creased 3,432 from June and outside the shows increases primarily in Agriculture with United States there was an increase of 842 In addition, Mr. Speaker, I would like 6,048, military agencies with 5,243, Treasury for the month. to include a tabulation, excerpted from with 3,913, Interior with 2,008, Postal Serv­ LEGISLATIVE AND JUDICIAL BRANCHES - the joint committee report, on person­ ice with 1,917, HEW with 1,073 and Veterans Employment in the Legislative Branch in nel employed full time in permanent po­ with 1,067. These increases are largely due to July totaled 34,774, a decrease of 154 as com­ the hiring of temporary summer aids. pared with the preceding month of June. sitions by executive branch agencies dur­ Civilian agencies reporting the largest in­ Employment in the Judicial Branch in July ing July 1973, showing comparisons with creases in total employment (including both totaled 8, 735, a decrease of 5 as compared June 1973, June 1972, and the budget full-time and part-time) in July were Agri- with June. estimates for June 1974:

FULL-TIME PERMANENT EMPLOYMENT I

Estimated Estimated June June July June 30, June June July June 30, Major agencies 1972 1973 1973 1974 2 Major agencies 1972 1973 1973 1974 2

Agriculture ______- ______--- _____ 82, 511 81, 715 79, 425 General Services Administration ______Commerce ______• ____ 78, 800 36, 002 35, 721 35, 694 37, 800 28, 412 28, 300 27,931 28, 400 National Aeronautics and Space Adminis- Defense: tration ______------27, 428 25, 955 25, 843 25, 000 Civil functions ___ ------30, 585 29, 971 29, 279 30, 800 Panama Canal_ __ ------13, 777 13, 680 13, 519 14, 000 Military functions ______1, 009, 548 957, 310 947, 345 s 956, 000 Selective Service System ______5, 791 4,607 4, 059 3, 900 Health, Education, and Welfare ______105, 764 114, 307 115, 156 • 101, 800 Small Business Administration ______3, 916 4, 050 4,003 4, 100 Housing and Urban Development______15, 200 15, 820 15, 600 13, 900 Tennessee Valley Authority ______14, 001 13, 995 13, 873 14, 000 Interior_----- __ ------56, 892 56, 771 55, 732 56, 900 U.S. Information Agency ______9, 255 9, 048 9, 045 9, 100 Justice.______------45,446 45,496 46, 226 47, 100 Veterans' Administration ______163, 179 170, 616 169, 540 170, 000 All other agencies ______: __ Labor------• ------12, 339 12, 468 12, 219 12, 400 33, 499 34, 610 34, 189 35, 800 State ______• ______22, 699 22, 578 22, 550 23,400 Contingencies ______5, 000 Agency for International Development__ 11, 719 10, 108 9, 903 9,900 Transportation ______67, 232 67, 885 67, 618 69,400 SubtotaL ______------l, 910, 854 1, 874, 424 1, 856, 665 1, 874, 100 Treasury ______-- ___ ------95, 728 98, 087 96, 598 104, 000 U.S. Postal Service ______594,834 547, 283 538, 335 564, 500 Atomic Energy Commission ______6, 836 7, 145 7, 148 7,400 Civil Service Commission ______5,260 5, 911 5,936 6,000 Total '- ______------___ 2, 505, 688 2, 421, 707 2, 395, 000 3 • 2, 438, 600 Environmental Protection Agency ______7, 835 8,270 8,234 9,200

1 Included in total employment shown on table 1, beginning on p. 2. • Excludes increase of approximately 15,000 in adult welfare categories to be transferred to the 2 Source: As projected in 1974 budget document as of Jan. 29, 1973; figures rounded to nearest Federal Government under Public Law 92-603. hundred. 'July figure excludes, 1,439 disadvantaged persons in public service careers programs as com­ a Excludes increase of 31,000 for civilia nization program. pared with 1,859 in June.

BUZZER, SHOULDER HARNESS, ment of buzzers. I asked for your support strangulation from his auto shoulder SEATBELTS for my bill, H.R. 9600. I have advocated straps. At this time, the straps are vol­ that the Transpcrtation Department re­ untary, and he was wearing them because voke i~ requirement that all future au­ of his own optional choice; but if this HON. JAMES ·M. COLLINS tomobiles have a shoulder harness, seat death happened next year, he would have OF TEXAS belt, and a buzzer contraption to go with been wearing them because the bureau­ IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES them. A person should have this as op­ crats in Washington issued the regula­ tional equipment and not as a mandatory tion that made him wear the haFness Thursday, September 13, 1973 requirement. Only 2 percent of the peo­ that in this case served a fatal purpose. Mr. COLLINS of Texas. Mr. Speaker, ple use their shoulder harness, so why The UPI article follows: yesterday I read the bulletin as it came should a bureaucrat issue a mandatory UPI-PITTSBURGH, PA. in on the UPI wire. This story is another governmental decree. A psychiatrist's wife has asked Allegheny example of what is going to qappen with As this UPI bulletin quite plainly County Common Pleas Court for $350,000 in this Transportation Department require- pointed out, this man's death was due to damages in a suit resulting from a traffic September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29775 accident in which her husband apparently jobbers who distribute them to pass along categorically stated that inflation is not was strangled by his car's safety belt. price increases because of extraordinary caused by minimum wages. Former Sec­ Mrs. Carmen Dechesaro and her three chil­ expenses. Unfortunately, the independ­ retary of Labor Hodgson, in 1971, said: dren named the Security-Connecticut Life ent service station operator with equally It is doubtful that changes in the mini­ Insurance Company and Mutual Life Insur­ as many day-to-day expenses, loan obli­ mum have any substantial impact on wage, ance Company as defendants, claiming they price, or employment trends. refused to pay accidental death benefits be­ gations, and overhead cannot do so. This cause "accidental death was not proven." is an extraordinary burden to place on The President claims that a minimum Dechesa.ro of suburban Mount Lebanon, a. any single segment of the American wage increase will cause workers pres­ psychiatrist at Woodville State Hospital, died economy under any program intended to ently earning more than the minimum la.st October 12 when his automobile plunged curb inflation. to demand raises in order to maintain down a 100-foot embankment in nearby Under present CLC regulations, ex­ North Fayette Township. their places on the wage structure. This A coroner ruled Dechesaro died of as­ ceptions from price ceilings are allowed assumption fails to take into account the phyxiation due to strangulation when his to refiners who deal with initial crude fact that in these inflationary times, neck became tangled in the auto's shoulder petroleum products and to jobbers who most workers earning more than the safety straps. provide gasoline and other products to minimum receive regular raises propor­ retailers. The retailer, however, remains tionate to increases in the cost of living, bound to holding a ceiling price set on many through collective bargaining. August 1 unless he is granted an excep­ Since 1966, the average hourly earnings INDEPENDENT GASOLINE DEALERS tion on an individual appeal to the In­ in nonagricultural private economy have ternal Revenue Service. risen from $2.56 to $3.39-an overall in­ This is one of those many instances in crease of 48 percent. This has occurred HON. JEROME R. WALDIE attempts at price control where t.he despite the continued stability of the OP CALIFORNIA smallest entity suffers the most. If in­ minimum wage during the same period. creases are allowable for refiners on their The President contends that "there IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES May 15 base prices and subsequent pass Thursday, September 13, 1973 would probably be a significant decrease through raises permitted for jobbers then in employment opportunities for those Mr. WALDIE. Mr. Speaker, the current some simplified and controllable allow­ affected" as a result of the minimum crisis facing the Nation over supply and ance must be established for the retailer. wage increase proposed by H.R. 7935. On distribution of energy fuel touches sensi­ This reform is needed since the inde­ the surface, this would appear to be a tive areas throughout our economic pendent operator must compete actively reasonable objection. However, statis­ structure. No group of businessmen is with the large oil company chain sta­ tics show that the disemployment effects currently as adversely hurt as the Na­ tions while enjoying few of the supply of past minimum wage increases have tion's independent gasoline dealers. benefits they have. been small, and adverse effects were Because of misguided distribution and Statistics tell a troubling story about brief as workers found new jobs. Fur­ pricing policies set down by the executive the problems within the industry's seg­ thermore, the increased purchasing branch, many of these dealers are being ment. By the end of May this year, more power which will accrue to many work­ placed in the severest form of economic than 1,400 gasoline stations had closed ers as a result of a higher minimum struggle. Many, if the current situation due to a lack of gasoline and oil. In most wage would serve to increase consumer­ prevails, will literally vanish from the instances, the stations closed were owned demand which in turn would create new American business scene. by independents. jobs. Independent gasoline dealers are truly There is a need to bring sanity back The President further argues that the representative of the American system. to the petroleum industry through a extended coverage for domestic house­ They are the classic small entrepreneurs, sensible pricing policy which respects all hold workers provided for in H.R. 7935 hard-working and community-minded phases of the market. When that goal would decrease the employment and individuals who often struggle with little is achieved, we will see the prospect for hours of current household workers. capital relying on their day-to-day acu­ growth and development rather than the Quite the opposite is true however, for men and dedicated energy to survive in a fear of potential bankruptcy. :figures universally show that even in vital service industry. It is also unfortunate but the dilemma periods of high unemployment, the de­ Through practices of the Nation's of the independent gasoline dealer is a mand for household workers exceeds the large oil distribution companies and the case in point of the total failure of the supply. Wa.ge and overtime protection ill-conceived fuel pricing practices of the administration's phase IV program and in this field of work would tend to make administration, many of these business­ a direct reflection of its lack of ability it a more attractive area of employment men face extinction. The situation is de­ to manage the economy. for many people. plorable and needs immediate reform. Finally, the minimum wage legislation Current administration pricing policies advocated by the President and to which are placing a restricted, unfair burden on he refers several times as an alternative independent station operators who must A NIXONISM: "THE RICH MUST BE to H.R. 7935 increases the minimum rely on large petroleum producers for ALLOWED TO GET RICHER" much more gradually over a much longer their principal sales product. span of time. As such, it fails to meet I think the evidence is overwhelming HON. ROBERT L. LEGGETT one of the primary criteria for legisla­ that these large distributors openly dis­ tion increasing the minimum wage; that criminate against the small independent OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is, to restore the buying power that the operator to favor their own position with wage had when it was last increased. In company-owned franchise stations. The Thursday, September 13, 1973 establishing a minimum of $2.20 over a first step needed to stabilize the inde­ Mr. LEGGETT. Mr. Speaker, last period of less than 2 years, H.R. 7935 pendent operator's position is action by Thursday, the President announced his just barely manages to accomplish this, the Cost of Living Council to clarify rules decision to veto H.R. 7935. In so doing, given the current inflationary rate. The dealing with the amounts refiners pay he has succeeded in further delaying legislation advocated by the President for gasoline. I have been told such rule minimum wage reforms that are already would never do this. changes are under consideration. They long overdue. The reasons the President It is also ironic that the President's must be enacted as soon as possible. gave for this action are examples of the Cost of Living Council's 5.5 percent It would be extremely helpful in this type of shortsightedness that has char­ guidelines regularly allow 45 cents to 60 period of uncertainty to place a 30-day acterized most of his administration's cents how·ly increases to high-paid con­ freeze to allow a negotiating period economic policies. struction workers. The irony is that the wherein, hopefully, the prices of gasoline The President claims that the mini­ minimum wage bill calling for a 40 cent would be reset at the June 1 to June 10 mum wage increases proposed by H.R. increase for the poor folks is inflationary. levels. 7935 are inflationary. This remains to be Another Nixonism is carried out with The present situation allows the re­ seen. the minimum wage veto--"The rich must finers who produce the products and the The U.S. Chamber of Commerce has be allowed to get richer." 29776 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 NATIONAL ALLIANCE AGAINST RAC, The key document in this mailing, is that of Joseph "Mongo" Smith, iden­ IST AND POLITICAL REPRESSION: however, is a copy of the minutes of the tified in the Mitchell letter as "the south­ THE COMMUNIST PARTY'S NEW organization's executive committee meet­ ern California chairman of the Young DEFENSE FUND ing of JW1e 11, 1973, held via telephone Workers Liberation League" who "is ac­ conference call. There are 24 people tive in the United Defense Organization listed as participants. Of these 24, no in Los Angeles." The YWLL, as has been HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK fewer than 7 have been previously iden­ noted by the House Committee on Inter­ OF OHIO tified as members of the Commrmist nal Security and the Subversive Activi­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Party: Carl Braden, Bert Corona, Angela ties Control Board, frmctions as the Thursday, September 13, 1973 Davis, Carolyn Black, Rose Chernin, Bob youth apparatus of the Communist Klonsky, and Charlene Mitchell. It is Party, U.S.A. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, on important to note here that these Com­ The second mailing, sent with another May 9 and 10, 1973, I placed into the munists also tend to occupy leadership covering letter dated August 20, 1973, RECORD two items designed to demon­ positions in other groups controlled by and signed by Charlene Mitchell as ex­ strate that the so-called Formding Con­ the Communist Party. Braden, for ex­ ecutive secretary, includes an extremely ference for a National Defense Organiza­ ample, has long been a leader in the important set of printed minutes of the tion Against Racist and Political Repres­ Southern Conference Educational Fund, Louisville meeting of the organization's sion, held in Chicago, Ill., on May 11 cited by the Senate Internal Security executive committee on July 28-29. These through 13, was in reality an operation of Subcommittee as a Commrmist front in minutes are replete with propaganda the Commrmist Party, U.S.A., conceived 1956, while Chemin has long been the statements about numerous cases of al­ as a result of what the party viewed as guiding force in the Los Angeles Com­ leged racist and political repression the great success of its campaign in be­ mittee for the Defense of the Bill of throughout the United States, cases often half of CPUSA Central Committee mem­ Rights, cited as a CPUSA front in the involving outright terrorism, but these ber Angela Yvonne Davis, as well as the 1970 annual report of the House Com­ outrageously self-serving statements are related party-directed campaign in be­ mittee on Internal Security. not where the real importance of this half of the so-called Soledad Brothers. Other participants, as listed in the document rests. Other valuable information on this minutes, included Mike Honey and Judy Rather, this importance rests in the subject had already been put into the Simmons of SCEF and Jose "Che" Vel­ organizational structure established at RECORD on May 3 by the Honorable RICH­ asquez and Alfredo Lopez of the ·Puerto this meeting, which, according to the ARD H. !CHORD, the distinguished chair­ Rican Socialist Party, a violence-oriented minutes, finally agreed on a name for the man of the House Committee on Internal CommW1ist organization that was sig­ new defense apparatus: National Alli­ Security, on which I am privileged to nificantly represented both in the orga­ ance Against Racist and Political Re­ serve as ranking minority member; and nizing and in the actual conduct of the pression. another item by the chairman on May 17 founding conference in Chicago. The minutes list 23 people as present. shed still more light on the completely It should also be noted that Braden, Of these, the following are known mem­ Commrmist-run nature of this con­ Corona, and Davis-all publicly identi­ bers of the Communist Party: Carolyn ference. fied or avowed members of the CPUSA­ Black, New York, N.Y.; Carl Braden, On July 25, 1973, the Committee on are the three "cochairpersons" desig­ Louisville, Ky.; Rose Chernin, Los An­ Internal Security received testimony in nated for this new defense front-as geles, Calif.; Bert Corona, Los Angeles; public session from minority investigator shown on an official ballot distributed Dorothy Hayes, Chicago, Ill.; and Char­ Richard Norusis. Mr. Norusis was able, both during and subsequent to the con­ lene Mitchell, New York, N.Y. Others on the basis of his own eyewitness obser­ ference; thus, the four key posts of co­ present included Walter Collins and Mike vation and data supplied by other eye­ chairpersons and executive secretary Honey, both affiliated with the CPUSA­ witness sources, to supply the committee are all firmly in the hands of the Com­ front Southern Conference Educational with invaluable firsthand information munist Party. Fund, and Alfredo Lopez of New York, as to the makeup of the conference in­ The minutes reflect that a regular a member of the Communist Puerto cluding an extensive list of attendees and meeting of the executive committee Rican Socialist Party. Another partici­ the identities of numerous known mem­ would be held in Louisville, Ky., on July pant, Hilton Hanna of Chicago, was bers of the Communist Party who were 28 and 29, 1973, at which time Charlene listed as a substitute for Chicago labor present and who were also prominent in Mitchell's position as executive secre­ leader Abe Feinglass, long ago identified organizing and conducting the con­ tary would "be finalized." It is interest­ in sworn testimony as a member of the ference. This testimony, when printed, ing to note that Louisville is where SCEF Commrmist Party. will demonstrate to even the most skep­ is headquartered. The minutes also re­ According to the second page of the tical that the Founding Conference was flect that "The temporary name" chosen minutes: entirely a creature of the Communist for the organization was to be "National · Charlene Mitchell was unanimously voted Party objectives under the guise of ap­ Organization Against Racist and Politi­ Executive Secretary by the body. pearing to work in behalf of oppressed cal Repression," which is the name ap­ minorities, a classic pattern with Com­ pearing on Charlene Mitchell's covering It is most instructive to read how the mrmist-front groups. organization itself defines this post, as letter; and the covering letter, which described on the same page, because it Now additional information has been speaks of the usual "financial crisis" in received by the committee's minority points out again the fact that this posi­ which Communist fronts perennially find tion is really the key exercising con­ staff which reinforces the above conclu­ themselves, complains that- to sions. This documentation is in the form trol of a Communist front: To date we have received contributions The following definition was accepted by of two mailings disseminated from the from Tennessee (Mike Honey) and South organization's national headquarters in the body as the definition of the post of Ex­ California (Bert Corona). We have received ecutive Secretary: The Executive Secretary is New York City. only two fifteen dollar contributions for to be the chief administrative officer of the The first mailing was intended only the telephone conference call. organization, empowered to implement pol­ for members of the organization's execu­ It is most significant, in terms of icy decision by the organization, to appoint tive committee and includes a covering establishing the role of the Communist staff, including an administrative assistant; letter dated "29 JWle 1973" and signed and to make public pronouncements consist­ by Charlene Mitchell as acting executive , Party in this new defense apparatus, that ent with the goals and objectives of the or­ secretary. Mitchell has previously been the only two contributions forthcoming, ganization; and will be the chairperson of the identified as a high-ranking member of according to party member Mitchell, administrative committee. • * • the Communist Party and currently were from identified Commrmist sources: What this means, in simple English, is serves as a member of the party's Central Bert Corona, a long-time party member, that a high-ranking member of the Com­ Committee, its highest governing body. and Mike Honey, a representative of the munist Party is empowered to decide on Historically, one of the acid tests in de­ CPUSA-controlled Southern Conference a day-to-day basis what the National Al­ termining that a group is a Commrmist Educational Fund. liance will and will not do, to load the front has been whether the key posi­ Another indication is to be found in staff with other Communists, and to act tion-tha,t of executive secretary-is held the fact that one of the cases of alleged as spokesman for the organization. In by a Communist Party member. "racist and antiradical prejudices" cited short, she is to run the show according to September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29777 the dictates of the Communist Party and unwary into supporting party objectives. be the meaningless morass of little-under­ It was used on a large scale as recently stood charges and counter-charges in the in full conformity with the Communist Watergate. Party line, which at all times is consist­ as 1970 by a Communist Party operation There is little doubt but that the affair ent with the demands of the Soviet Com­ known as the Emergency Conference was a scandalous adventure on the part of munist Party. Committee, which, working in collabora­ people whose judgment and misguided sense On page 5 of the minutes, there ap­ tion with the National Coalition Against of loyalty borders on the idiotic. Yet elected pears a listing of "standing committees War, Racism, and Repression, a party­ officials haven't been shown to be involved and members." These committees include dominated coalition that served as the at least up to this point. So we don't have immediate predecessor of the Peoples anything resembling a power struggle, and "fund raising," "R.S.P. [research, strat­ there hasn't been any evidence that anyone egy, priority]," "membership," "consti­ Coalition for Peace and Justice, in which was trying to get rich in spite of all the tution and bylaws (temporary)," and the party has also played a predominant money involved. we think the "bugging", the "administrative." It is important to ob­ role, presented an alleged "genocide" pe­ theft of "papers", and such things are now serve that there is one common denomi­ tition to the United Nations as part of being obviously over-played for political rea­ nator that unites all of these official the CPUSA's campaign to discredit the sons, which in our opinion is scarcely more groups within the National Alliance: United States in the eyes of so-called acceptable at this point than the so-called Third World nations. "crimes" of the "buggers." each has at least one known member of The media, over the years, has never been the Communist Party. Mr. Speaker, the evidence on the Na­ able to accept Republicans in government, For example, the membership commit­ tional Alliance Against Racist and Po­ which can hardly be in tune with what they tee includes Dorothy Hayes, a representa­ litical Repression, especially that which seem to think is a "sense of fair play." It tive of the Women's International League has been diligently developed by the mi­ simply doesn't wash. When you consider the for Peace and Freedom; the committee nority staff of the House Committee on down-playing of such situations as the Bay dealing with the constitution and bylaws Internal Security, proves beyond a scin­ of Pigs and Chappaquiddik, their credibility includes Carl Braden; and the "R.S.P." tilla of doubt that the National Alliance cannot be equated with anything resembling meets every known test for a Communist a "sense of fair play." committee includes Carolyn Black. Of What we are harping about and have been the eight members of the committee on front, that the alliance is attempting to doing so recently, is getting news events in fund raising, there are four known Com­ exploit prison and minority unrest to perspective and in the context of our times. munist Party members: Carolyn Black, further the policies of the Communist There is rotten news and there is good news. Carl Braden, Bert Corona, and Charlene Party, and that this grandiose "defense'' Perhaps the United States so-called free press Mitchell. apparatus is certainly one of the Com­ ought to reassess its role where it concerns The choicest example, however, is the munist Party's principal front organiza­ the public, and place a more realistic value all-important administrative committee, tions of the moment. on news events, with a lot less intolerance for some political beliefs. And perhaps cer­ comprised of five members, of whom four tain political activities in both parties could are party members: Braden, Mitchell, pause long enough .to take a good hard look Corona, and Angela Davis. The fifth at its dirty linen. After nearly 200 years it member of this committee, Rev. Ben TIME TO CLEAN IT UP doesn't seem unreasonable. Chavis, serves the National Alliance as "vice-chairperson/ treasurer" and has HON. JOHN M. ZWACH shown himself to be a willing tool of the OF MINNESOTA pc..rty. AMENDING THE FAIR LABOR Still another indication of the Com - IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES STANDARDS ACT munist-front character of this National Thursday, September 13, 1973 Alliance is its pa,ttern of cooperation with Mr. ZWACH. Mr. Speaker, the Water.. other Communist fronts. For example, HON. EARL F. LANDGREBE gate hearings have been dragging on OF INDIANA the minutes announce on page 6 that-- since mid-May. Since these hearings Regarding the setting up of a. legal defense have no judicial authority, their :find­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES fund for legal fees and costs, it was pointed ings are of little help in bringing the Thursday, September 13, 1973 out that the National Legal Defense Fund (fo1merly the Angela Davis L.,gal Defense guilty to justice. Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, I re­ Fund) has agreed to continue its work in On the other hand, because of con­ cently received a letter from Mr. B. A. concert with the National P~i!iance. The flicting and unsubstantiated charges be­ Burgwald of Michigan City, Ind., regard­ Executive Secretary is to contact them for ing made, the hearings probably are do­ ing the bill to amend the Fair Labor further discussion of workilig relation­ ing more harm than good, because the Standards Act, which was recently vetoed ships. * * * defense lawYers will be able to claim by President Nixon. Again, on page 5, it was announced prejudice on almost any juror about to Mr. Burgwald, a city councilman, that the National Alliance will be work­ be selected. points out some of the serious :financial ing with, among other organizations, the Our people are concerned about the consequences of this bill, and challenges American Committee for Protection of dragging on of these hea1ings. the right of the Federal Government to Foreign Born, the oldest functioning Typical of that thinking is an editorial dictate to city governments how to man­ Communist Party front group, while page that appeared recently in the Princeton age their affairs. 11 reflects cooperation between the Na­ Union in our Minnesota Sixth Congres­ As we will soon be voting on the ques­ tional Alliance and the National Com­ sional District. tion of sustaining or overriding the Pres­ mittee Against Repressive Legislation, a Editor John Walker points out that ident's veto, I would like to bring Mr. Communist Party front group that con­ the Watergate has so dominated the news Burgwald's very cogent arguments to the veniently uses as its southern regional that the relative value of other news is attention of my colleagues. office the headquarters of the Southern drowned in what seems to be the mean­ Following is the text of Mr. Burgwald's Conference Educational Fund. ingless morass of little-understood letter: That this new Communist front is am­ charges and · countercharges in the SEPTEMBER 8, 1973. bitious in scope is indicated by Charlene Watergate. DEAR CONGRESSMAN: I hope you will vote Mitchell's letter of August 20, in which Mr. Speaker, with your permission, I to sustain President Nixon's veto of the bill she stated that-- would like to insert Mr. Walker's edi­ to amend the Fair Labor Standards Act. torial in the RECORD and commend its The bill, I feel, is extremely unacceptable * * * We have proposed September 13 as in a number of areas-including the cover­ the date to launch a national and interna­ reading to my colleagues: age of domestics, the lack of a youth differ­ tional petition campaign to dismiss the in­ TIME To CLEAN IT UP ential, and the overall excessive minimum dictments against the Attica brothers. We As the Watergate hearings continue, we wage increase itself which will materially hope that as many cities as possible will find wonder if they haven't reached the point of add to, rather than stop, the inflationary someway [sic] to observe the anniversary of over-exposure. The media has been so satu­ pressures on the economy; however, as a the massacre at Attica. We have to print a rated with it from day to day that a lot of City Councilman, I am particularly opposed minimum of a million petitions and a mil­ people must be reacting as we do-sick of to the provision that now extends minimum lion brochures to guarantee a successful pe­ it to the point of foregoing much interest in hour and oyertime coverage to municipal tition campaign. * * * any of the news. The Watergate has so employees, such as firemen. This provision, This device is, of course, one of the dominated the news that the relative value reducing firemen to a shorter 48-hour work oldest Communist tricks for trapping the of other news is drowned in what seems to week and then gradually reducing that to 29778 EXTENSIONS OF REM.ARKS September 13, 1973 time-and-a-half over 40 hours, would have THE RUSSIANS WERE SHARPER serious financial effects on our local govern­ to give. It is this idea which has robbed ment. our country of billions in foreign aid Presumably, under the overtime provision, grants. It is the identical thinking which firemen who eat and sleep in a :firehouse HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS still has us carrying global burdens far dorm would be paid overtime for the period OF PENNSYLVANIA in excess of our share. And it was at the of their slumber. Furthermore, would over­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES root of the wheat deal-the hope that, by time also be required for all the hours worked coddling our former cold war enemy, we in an emergency situation due to a great dis­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 might win him over. aster in a certa.in area? Our City Controller estimated that a 40-hour work week would Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, a year ago The result was that the sharp Rus­ amount to at least a half-million dollar in­ I reported after a check.up that the So­ sians made off with our wheat surplus at crease in the tax burden. That would cer­ viet wheat deal appeared a bad one for a price so low that they now can resell tainly upset our budget and compound our the American people and could mean a part of it at a profit while our house­ already serious financial problems. In effect, marked increase in the price they paid wives are compelled to stretch their food this provision Will be revenue sharing in for bread and other bakery products. budgets in consequence of the deal to al­ reverse. Today, of course, we know how the most the breaking point. How much more But quite apart from the budgetary con­ sequences, I think there is also a serious con­ deal had impact on far more than the of this America-last business can we stitutional question involved here as to baked goods in our market baskets. Meat stand? Certainly, it is high time to end whether Congress has the authority to set and most everything else have skyrock­ it and get back to dealing in this world wage, hour, and work rule requirements for eted in price since that fateful sale was with our own interests uppermost. local governmental employees. made and set off an explosion of cost The argument may be advanced that the boosts all along the food supply chain. power of Congress to extend this coverage Now we are informed by the highest comes under the Commerce Clause of the ANOTHER PEACE CORPS FAn.URE Constitution: "The Congress shall have officials of the Nixon administration that Power . . • To regulate Commerce . • • the deal, indeed, was a Russian triumph among the several States ..." (Art. 1, Sec. and that we were badly burned by it. In 8, cl. 3). Nevertheless, there is no rational discussing it the other day, Treasury HON. H. R. GROSS basis for such a.n expansive interpretation Secretary George P. Shultz told the OF IOWA of the Commerce Clause, for if local govern­ Associated Press: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment employees are considered to engage in I think it is a fair statement to say that or have a substantial impact on interstate they (the Russians) were very sharp in their Thursday, September 13, 1973 commerce, then this magnified clause could buying practices. include almost everything. Yet, that was not Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, that unmiti­ the intent of the Founding Fathers who He could have gone on to say, but gated failure, the so-called Peace Corps, drafted our Constitution. did not, that, while the Russians were continues to bleed the American tax­ As a. matter of fact, in the case of U.S. v. sharp, our negotiators were reckless and payer into unconsciousness with the Oregon State Medical Society, the court held even gullible and that this was the real blessings and assistance of both the ad­ that physicians who use in their practice reason we were burned. I doubt if history ministration and spendthrift superliber­ medicine and equipment that comes across ever has recorded a more one-sided als on Capitol Hill. state lines cannot be said to affect interstate Increasingly, however, stories surface commerce, and, hence, are beyond the con­ transaction between nations. stitutional power of Congress under the The effects of the Soviet bonanza are that give the lie to the do-gooders' theme Commerce Clause (95 F. Supp. 103 [D. still taking place. Senator WALTER Hun­ that the Peace Corps represents salva­ Ore. 1950), at 118). It was affirmed by the DLESTON, Democrat of Kentucky, is ask­ tion for the "undeveloped" nations. Supreme Court in 1952 (343 U.S. 326). So, ing the General Accounting Office to in­ The most recent of these to come to if the medical profession is beyond the sweep vestigate his charges that the Soviet my attention is one told by former Peace of the Commerce Clause, how can anyone ar­ Union is reselling some of the wheat Corps employee, Thomas Moore, in the rive at the conclusion that municipal em­ bought from us to the Italian Govern­ September 9, 1973 issue of Parade maga­ ployees be covered under the FLSA. ment for a profit of at least 100 percent. zine, and I include it for ins~rtion in the In the event of a veto override, the Su­ He bases his charges, the AP was inform­ RECORD at this point: preme Court may ultimately have to decide ed, on Italian newspaper accounts that A PEACE CORPSMAN REVISITS AN this legal question. [n the Katzenbach case, a ship had unloaded 22,000 metric tons AFRICAN VILLAGE which arose in the area of civil rights legis­ of Soviet grain at a port near Rome and (By Thomas Moore) lation, and, so, has absolutely no other that two other ships may have discharged (EDITOR'S NoTE.-The Peace Corps came relationship here, the Supreme Court did say similar cargoes in that country previous­ into being on March 1, 1961, by executive that "the mere fact that Congress has said ly. The present world wheat price is at order of President Jo:t.n Kennedy. It has when particular activities shall be deemed least 100 percent more than the Rus­ since sent more than 50,000 volunteers over­ to affect commerce, does not preclude fur­ seas at a loss of almost one billion dollars. ther examination by this Court . • ." (379 sians have been paying us in the "locked­ The subject of much controversy over its 12 U.S. 294). in" bargain we gave them in the sum­ yeairs, the Peace Corps has now become a I have always thought that local officials, mer of 1972. part of ACTION, the recently croo.ted super­ All this is of extreme importance to the agency. who are responsible for the finances of their (The writer, Thomas Moore, served for own units of government, can much better food-cost burdened American people as we have learned in visits home. They are one year between 1968 and 1969 as the sole make those kinds of judgments as to how Peace Corps volunteer in the village of Cherif much to pay their employees with respect to faced with the irony of Russian negotia­ Lo (pop. 500) in Senegal, West Africa, an un­ overtime and the like than can the Con­ tors, the agents of a supersocialistic sys­ derdeveloped country of nearly 4 million peo­ gress. However, this overtime provision in tem, having outsmarted, as Secretary ple. This summer he returned to the village question represents, to my mind, a massive Shultz admits, the administration for a visit.) intrusion by the Federal Government into negotiators who supposedly were acting "Assane N'Diaye?" the judgments of local officials by taking in the interests of the most business­ An old woman was sitting at the foot of Federal power and imposing it on local gov­ skilled nation the world ever has known. a heavy baobab tree, sifting peanuts in a ernments. What happened? Has our Government reed basket. The bad peanuts, dried up I am certain that you agree with me on from lack of water, piled high on the sand. become a haven for blunderers? Life in the village had nevt:r been good, but this matter and that you will vote to sus­ I rather believe we were burned by the the West African drought had now dragged tain the President's veto of a bill that would Russians because of that America-last into :I.ts fifth year. increase the cost of local government and philosophy which has been evident "Assane N'Dlaye. Nio n'ga. legi? {You have increase Federal interference into local throughout our Government since the come back.) " affairs. She called out the name given to me in Sincerely, end of World War II-the notion that, Wolo!, the native language, like a question, in B. A. BURGWALD, dealing with others, we Americans but there was no doubt she remembered me. Councilman, Fifth Ward. always must make the big concessions on Few "tubabs" (whites) ever came to the vil­ Ml'.CHIGAN CITY, IND, the premise that we have had the most lage. September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29779 It had been four years since I had been venturing around the village to make myself try government bureaucracies. But the prob­ a Peace Corps volunteer in Cherif Lo, a known. The hardest problem was to explain lem for the volunteer was that his work, thatched-hut village a.bout 80 kilometers in­ why I was there. The question was often well-intentioned, often naive, but sometimes land from Dakar, the capital of Senegal. For asked. To tell the villagers I had come to practicable and even ingenious, always a year I had worked with the villagers build­ help bring them progress seemed condescend­ seemed to be sabotaged by /onctionnaires. ing an irrigation syst-em for a small complex ing. Secondly, it didn't make much sense to Whether incompetent, corrupt or just hostile of vegetable gardens. The cement for a well, them. Come on, what's in it for you, they to Americans, these government officials, a motor pump, gasoline, a water reservoir seemed to say. I soon took to making up more under whom the volunteers worked, were and pipes and faucets for watering basins plausible reasons for why I was there, like never really receptive to the Peace Corps. had been paid for with $1400 from the Ameri­ saying I was paid a lot (volunteers receive Certainly villagers and students-the people can Embassy Self Help Fund. It wasn't much. about $135 a month for living expenses in for whom and with whom volunteers But it was the sort of project Peace Corps Senegal, what some villagers earn in a year). worked-came to respect some of the things volunteers had been-and still are--carrying Once that question was settled, I was ac­ we did and the people we were. But many out around the world. I had come back to cepted. As in the Stat es, nobody does some­ /onctionnaires, at least in Senegal, resent-ed see if it had amounted to anything. thing for nothing. the volunteers. If we wer.en't spies, they In the year of Watergate, the idea of the Returning to the village this year was like thought we were arrogant or there to em­ missionary Peace Corps seemed curiously going back to high school, wondering if the barrass them. dated, a youthful fad of the sixties-some­ teachers would remember your name. This There was almost no material, technical or thing no one talks about anymore. Yet 6900 time I arrived in a rented car. Life had not even political cooperation in the government volunteers were sent abroad last year, and changed appreciably in Cheri! Lo. The in­ for Peace Corps work. Volunteers spent much another 7350 are going this year. cessant thump of women beat ing millet in of their time fighting red tape-it once took large wooden urns resounded like a muffled "IT'S BEEN A LONG TIME" me two days in a prefecture to get seven heartbeat from inside the village. Smiling aut horizations for a sack of United Nations The old woman brushed the flies from her and shy, a crowd of barefoot kids ran up to cement to repair a well in the village. Talk­ face and fanned herself a bit to relieve the shake hands with me. The soft focus of ing over the problems with Senegalese su­ stifling heat. We went through the tradition­ memory had blurred their blemishes, their periors was even more frustrating. al greetings: "Asalam alikoum. Malikoum eyes red, yellow or swollen from diseases like salam. M'ba diam n 'gam? (Do you have malaria or cholera, the scabs on their legs CONVENIENT MYTH peace?) Diam arek anam. (Peace only.) Ana covered with flies, the runny noses. I don't think anyone pretends any longer wa Amerique? ( How's everybody in the POTATOES AND PHOTO that the Peace Corps has even the remotest States?) Nyunga fe rek. (Just fine.) Wai yo, connection to real social and economic de­ Assane N'Diaye, git nalla gisse (Why, Assane, I trudged through the hot sand into the velopment in the Third World. At most, as it's been a long time since I've seen you)." family compound of Moussa N'Dir, the treas­ many volunteers still justify · their experi­ It had been a long time, but surprisingly urer of the Cherif Lo cooperative with whom ences, the Peac-e Corps is a kind of experi­ the Wolof came back to me, not only the I had lived. Word had already spread that I ment in international living. But the myth sound of the language but the gentle kid­ was back and Moussa came out to greet me in that the Peace Corps is a significant contri­ ding that had first struck me as a put down, full dress, an Arabic kafta,n and fez. I had bution to the problems of underdev:eloped the relaxed pace as though any pressing mat­ brought a 100-kilo sack of potatoes in the countries is maintained as the public diplo­ ters were not really that important (and car as a gift (rice, the usual staple, was al­ mat ic posture by both host countries and they weren't). The heat of the village al­ most impossible to come by in the country Peace Corps officials. It is my feeling that ways made sitting down under the shade because of the drought) and some 8 x 10 the Senegalese government requests Peace of a tree to talk awhile a genuine pleasure. glossy photographs of village life I had tak-en. Corps volunteers only because to turn down The rest of the world may be in a hurry to Local protocol dictated that lunch be the American offer would look unfriendly and get somewhere, to modernize, change, but taken at each of tb.e homes of the four "ani­ make it more difficult to get crucial loans and not Cherif Lo. Things are all right just the mate11:rs,'.' or local leaders, with whom I had aid from the World Bank and the U.S. gov­ way they are, as they have been for genera­ worked. After that there was a long afternoo~ ernment. For its part, the Peace Corps now tions past, and no suggestion of progress of drinking tea. Finally, the animateurs seems to take the line that if a country re­ (much less a village meeting to discuss prob­ reluctantly agreed to go out to the well. As I quests volunteers, that's all the justification lem-solving at precisely 3 o '. clock) is going to had suspected, the pump had broken down it needs to send them. interrupt-a prayer class or an easy afternoon three years earlier. The vegetable gardens had of drinking tea and holding a "wahtan" been abandoned. No one from the govern­ ANONYMITY AND PERSISTENCE (palaver). · · ment's technical services took it upon him­ After 12 years of unremarkable results, the LURE OF ADVENTURE self to fix the pump. Instead, the sheetmetal Peace Corps seems to have given up alto~ Two weeks after graduating from college \Vater reservoir had been dismantled for no gether the idea of changing anything. In.; in the politically tumultuous spring of 1968, apparent reason and the pipes and faucets st ead, it is content to have achieved a certain I was dropped off in Sherif Lo-part of the ripped up and taken into the prefecture, for comfortable anonymity, behind which it has second wave of Peace Corps volunteers who "safekeeping." The odds were good, as is settled into unquestioning bur~aucratic came not so much out of idealism as a kind common in the country, that some low-level ways. No longer does it ask why it should of escapist despair with the United States government /onctionnaire (official) either exist-the challenge of any vital new enter­ and hope for a little romantic adventure in sold the material for his own profit or took !>rise-but onl! how it might persist. it for his own use. It was out of line, certainly an exotic land. And maybe there was an out­ I call particular attention to Mr. side chance we really could do something. undiplomatic, to inquire further about such · I remember getting out of a bush taxi from things. Moore's statement that "I don't thh1k Dakar on the paved road about a kilometer I started at the 300 meters of one-foot-deep anyone pretends any longer that the from the village. Two baobab trees marked trenches we had dug for the pipes and Peace Corps has even the remotest con­ the spot where a sand trail snaked its way thought how ridiculous they looked. They nection to real social and economic de­ leisurely through bramble bushes and ant­ ran off in odd directions· from the dismantled reservoir, cutting through age-old paths and velopment in the Third World." hills, under a merciless sun, to the village. It never did, of course, and the Ameri­ But from the road, there was nothing, no bush lines demarcating the family fields. It visible destination for a white man. Only looked as if the pipes had been removed in a can people are hundreds of millions of Africans ever got off taxis between the larger hurry. It probably took a day to undo the dollars poorer because of this ill-con­ towns. As the taxi drove off, the occupants work of a year. ceived scheme that so clearly illustrates craned their necks to stare at me as though TAKES IT IN STRIDE yet another facet of the bankruptcy of I were walking off into the bush to die. I wasn't particularly angry, nor did I jump liberalism: · ALONE IN AN ALIEN LAND up and down, or slam the car door, or drive around in circles like I was a little crazy­ My first weeks had been hard. As the only SUPPORT FOR EXPORT CONTROL Peace Corps volunteer in the village, I was rily routine four years ago when I would show alone among people whose language and cul­ up for ·work to find that half the work team AMENDMENTS ture were totally alien. Looked on as an ob­ had decided to take the day off. Now it just ject of curiosity, I had trouble doing the seemed kind of pointless. simplest tasks of survival such as boiling the The village animateurs looked at me and HON. ELI ZABETH HOLTZMAN I looked at them and there was nothing more water I drank and getting food. Worse and OF NEW YORK least expected was the absence of any kindred to say. It was beyond either them or me. spirit to talk to, someone to whom I could There had been no follow-up to that project, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES confide the mix of emotions and observations either by the Senegalese government or the Thursday, September 13, 1973 of a stranger in a strange land. Peace Corps. I had busied myself witl1. building a few For some time now the Peace Corps has Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, at this fences for privacy, learning enough of the pointed with curious pride to the fact it has time, I would like to off er the reasons I Wolof lang_uage to get by, and occasionally phased most of its programs into host -coun- voted for H.R. 8547, the Export Admin- 29780 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973

istration Amendments of 1973. which plement also any policy he desired to of the nations which took the lead in sup­ passed the House last Thursday by a control inflation. Indeed, the failure of porting the resolution do not permit their vote of 220 to 133. the Nixon economic game plan suggests citizens freely to express their views on who This important piece of legislation that, if any error was committed by the will govern them and for how long. was designed to protect the domestic Congress, we delegated too much, not too Rather than providing consolation. economy from the excessive drain of little, authority to the President. however, I :find the hypocrisy demon~ scarce materials and commodities to for­ And it is this Congress, which is giving strated by these nations deeply troubl­ eign markets that has resulted in a seri­ the President new authority to cope with ing. The distorted views put forward by· ous inflationary impact on our domestic excessive exportation of critically needed this committee raise serious doubts as to economy. In essence, this bill will give commodities here at home. It is now up the ability of the United Nations to deal the President the authority to control to the President to demonstrate that he with international problems in a fair and such excessive exportation of products, is able to forge an effective policy out of objective manner. particularly in the lumber and food sup­ the power he has been given. ply areas. Again, I am somewhat concerned about The Nixon administration's failure to the broad delegation we have given the develop a coherent export policy has administration within this bill. However, THE DECLINE OF THE AMERICAN caused economic havoc here at home. For the problem is an urgent one and the TEXTILE INDUSTRY example, while total exports of agricul­ people in my district and throughout tural goods increased only 4 percent from the country are deeply hurt by rampant 1971 to 1972, such exports increased by a inflation of food prices. Failure to pass HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON spectacular 60 percent in fiscal 1973. Ex­ the bill would only give the Nixon ad­ OF l\lASSACHUSETI'S ports of feed grain have increased 110 ministration one more excuse for its fail­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES percent from :fiscal 1971; wheat and ure to bring normalcy to prices. However, Thursday, September 13, 1973 wheat products 84 percent; oilseeds and I would strongly urge that we carefully oil products--especially soybeans--70 examine the action or lack of action Mr. HARRINGTON. -Mr. Speaker, the percent; and meat and meat products taken by the administration in this area. decline of the American textile industry have jumped up to 66 percent. This in­ We should be quick to step in if relief is has laid off thousands of workers in New crease in vital agricultural products has not in sight. England and elsewhere in this country. far surpassed our domestic production It is a serious matter that has been de­ capacity. bated at length, here in the Congress The exportation of these commodities and elsewhere. It is a question I hope to on such a huge scale has caused short­ PUERTO RICO AND THE UNITED address soon in more detail. ages here at home and has driven up NATIONS It is interesting to note that this de­ food prices dramatically. For example, cline has been arrested recently, appar­ just last week we learned that the whole­ ently by the repeated devaluation of the HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK dollar. Isadore Barmash wrote "The sale price index for agricultural products OF OHIO rose 23 percent in the month of August. Eclipse of the Far Eastern Textile Ad­ Needless to say, the American consumer, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES vantage," which appeared in the Sep­ especially those on :fixed incomes such as Thursday, September 13, 1973 tember 9 issue of the New York Times. our elderly, cannot even begin to afford The article traced the causes of this re­ Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, the versal in-textile advantage. It should be the price increase. United Nations is frequently critized for With such a direct relationship be­ of interest to each of my colleagues dis­ its lack of effectiveness in dealing with turbed by the condition of the American tween our trade policies and the rampant international problems. Equally serious, inflationary pressure in this country, it textile industry. however, is the distorted view of reality The text of the article follows: is absolutely incredible that this admin­ held by many member nations. istration has taken a completely laissez­ THE ECLIPSE OF THE FAR EASTERN TEXTU.B A case in point is a recent resolution ADVANTAGE faire attitude toward this problem. adopted by the Committee on Colonial­ Not only has the Secretary of Agricul­ ism regarding the status of Puerto Rico. (By Isadore Barmash) ture refused to utilize any of the existing By a vote of 12 to 2, the UN. Commit­ American manufacturers and retailers who remedial legislation presently on the rushed to the Far East to scoop up apparel tee affirmed Puerto Rico's right to in­ produced by low-wage labor a.re rushing back books, but the administration actively dependence. The resolution requests that to the United States these days. opposed this new export legislation until the United States "refrain from taking In a rapidly developing shift from Far June of this year. any measures which might obstruct the Eastern to American manufacturing, the Ris­ The administration has been guilty of full and free exercise by the people of ing Sun is fading as far as American apparel malfeasance as well as nonfeasance in Puerto Rico of their inalienable right men are concerned because of international this area. The Soviet wheat deal, which to self-determination and independence." money changes, inflation in Japan and world­ was hailed in the middle of the 1972 It also keeps the Puerto Rican question wide textile shortages. Presidential election as one of the hall­ under the Colonialism Committee's The price differential in favor of Japanese marks of the Nixon administration's for­ and other Oriental goods as compared with "continuous review." American products has all but disappeared in eign policy accomplishments, has turned John Scali, our Ambassador to the recent months, many marketers and makers into a :first-rate fiscal disaster for this United Nations, has rightfully labeled of apparel have found. country. Just last week, Secretary of the this resolution "ludicrous." In a free and As a. result, a race is under way to revert Treasury George Shultz conceded that open election held last year, 51 percent to American manufacturing facilities as well this country was "burned" in that ven­ of the Puerto Rican people voted for the as to tap still existing low-wage countries ture. He acknowledged that "the price Popular Democratic Party, a party which such as Brazil, Colombia and Argentina. and of a loaf of bread in Moscow is cheaper such Eastern-bloc countries as Yugoslavia advocates maintenance of the current and Poland as sources for clothes manufac­ than it is here-I think it is a fair state­ Commonwealth status. Another 43 per­ turing. ment that-the Soviet Union-was very cent voted for the New Progressive Party, The Japanese, too, are vitally involved in sharp in its buying practices.'' which is pressing for statehood in the the competition. They not only are seeking Despite such glaring errors, the Presi­ United States. Only 5 percent of the likely items for production in this country dent has recently had the gall to attempt electorate cast ballots in favor of the but also are buying United States apparel to place the blame for our economic ills Independence Party. makers and opening production facilities as on a so-called failure on the part of rapidly as possible in South America. The Committee on Colonialism is A variety of developments underscore the Congress to provide him with needed therefore pushing a plan that has been legislation. We should not have to remind trend. rejected by 95 percent of the voters. Per­ For the first time 1n many years, the the President, and we do not have to re­ haps, as Mr. Scali indicates: Kayser-Roth Corporation, one of the largest mind the American people, that It may be some consolation to the people American producers of clothing, is manufac­ this Congress passed the Economic Sta­ of Puerto Rico, who undoubtedly will be as turing apparel in "significant" quantities to bilization Act of 1973 which gave the outraged as I am by this blatant interference be shipped to Japan, reported Norman M. President carte-blanche authority to im- in their internal affairs, to realize that many Hinerfeld, executive vice president. Septembe'i· 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 2978l "The Japanese are unable, because of their be lots of imports in the stores, represent­ and-file coal miners is being practiced by labor shortage, to supply the demand in their ing commitments made earlier this year, but United Mine Workers of America Presi­ country," he said, "and are unable to find they will be priced higher than before. About dent Arnold Miller, Vice President Mike sufficient production capacity in low-wage 8 percent of United States clothing con­ Trbovich, and Secretary-Treasurer countries." sumption consisted of imports. The ratio This country's largest retail chains, such as will be lower this year and next, but prices Harry Patrick. Sears, Roebuck & Co., the J.C. Penney Com­ will be up at least 30 percent." I am pleased to call the attention of pany, R. H. Macy & Co. and Montgomery The trend of reverting to manufacturing my colleagues to the following editorial Ward & Co., are diverting much of their in the United States was described as "di­ from the heart of West Virginia's south­ buying of apparel from the Far East to the verting backwards" by Robert A. Belsky, ern coalfields, which appeared in the United States and to the low-wage coun­ chairman of. Sweater Bee by Banff, a knit­ Fayette Tribune, published and edited tries of the Western Hemisphere. goods importer and manufacturer. by my good friend, Robert K. Holliday. "We are adding considerable additional The dollar devaluation and the upward As the editorial so aptly points out, revaluation of the yen have combined to raise domestic production in addition to our Far prices of Japanese apparel shipped to the Eastern manufacturing commitments," he Arnold Miller can be found where the United States by about 36 per cent. said. "The United States, while it can't com­ action is-"at the portal of almost any As -a result, Japanese-made men's poplin pete on fashion embroidered items and full­ mine every day" to meet and talk with -walking shorts, for example, which cost fashion knits, can now compete on almost the rank-and-file members. $29.50 a dozen at wholesale last spring, will everything else, and that's a lot." The editorial follows: cost about $43 a dozen next spring. This The cun-ent situation has developed not without a certain dash of irony for the ONE SEES MILLER, TRBOVICH, AND PATRICK means the retail price will rise from $5 each IN JOHN LEWIS to $7 each, the new price being virtually at American apparel and textile industries. the level of American-made shorts. When new textile and textile-product Perhaps one of the most colorful person­ Manhattan Industries, Inc., a major pro­ quotas were legislated in 1972 by the Federal ages who were among the greats of American ducer of men's furnishings and sportswear, Government for goods produced in the Far industry and enterprise in the 20th century will bring in fewer knit shirts from the Far East and imported by this country, many is none other than the late John .L. Lewis, East this year and produce more in this domestic producers were compelled to choose who earned the crown of "Mr. Labor" in his country, according to Robert L. Leeds, in what category of goods and at what prices fight for labor's -good life and brought hope chairman. they would assign their needs within the for millions from depression misery. "We also used to buy textiles in Japan but official quotas. Samuel Gompers earned a place in Amer­ are now buying them here," he said. "Inter­ On a hypothetical quota for one million ican History books, but Gompers died before national fabric shortages have led to gen­ square yards, for example, a United States many of us really knew what the meaning of erally higher prices. And that, combined trade customer could have acquired chil­ labor, collective bargaining and contracts with the need to commit yourself far in ad­ dren's garments or women's sportswear, using really referred to. vance for foreign goods, is a risk we need no similar or different cloth, as long as his John L. Lewis, the uncrowned king of 20th longer take." total yardage was not exceeded. century labor movement in American His­ The vast Japanese textile industry, which Many businessmen, with an eye on their tory, will fill many more chapters than Gom­ not so long ago was outproducing the United profit goals, elected to bring in yardage of pers ever did. Lewis will go down in the States in certain categories of fiber and fabric, the highest-priced merchandise. The result history's millenium of a man who defied is now buying a considerable yardage of was a lower total of import yardage but a presidents of this country, who brought American-made fabrics. In addition, a grow­ higher total of dollar valuation for imports. captains of the coal industry to their knees ing number of joint ventures have been ar­ Then, unexpectedly, as the currency but who also commanded more respect from ranged between Japanese and American tex­ changes took effect and international infla­ both capital as well as labor. tile companies for production in the United tion began to soar, importers found that the In the past five years, three men also in higher-priced goods cost as much as 40 per labor, who fought for the rank and file miner, States. cent more, surrendering their competitive Involved in the shift back to United States in a composite form, compare to Lewis. They manufacturing are not only men's shirts, advantage in relation to domestic merchan­ are the late Joseph Yablonski, Arnold Miller dise. and Mike Trbovich. slacks, jackets and other sportwear but also Most industry sources last week predicted children's wear and women's apparel. Remembering the past speeches of the late a major reduction in the net trade deficit labor leader who sought to topple a UMWA While many of these items are what is for textiles as the trend of fewer imports commonly termed "budget" or "popular­ leader's empire, one remembers the thun­ and more exports develops. derous speaking ability of Lewis, as Yablon­ priced," the so-called "fashion" items are also Meanwhile, a search is under way for lofts, increasingly involved, Mr. Leeds of Man­ ski was just as capable a speaker and was plants and meadows where new factories can just as erudite as Lewis was. hattan Industries explained: be erected to meet the increased demand for "As fashion becomes more and more im­ Although Jock Yablonski did not want to American manufacturing. But the consensus die, and did not willingly give his life, he has portant in men's wear, the need to come out is that manufacturing sites are not as big a with new fashions militates against buying become the martyr to all mining men, those problem as the shortage of production work­ who worked in the pits, those who worked imports because of the long lead time re­ ers. The apparel industry has traditionally quired. It often takes eight months before "at the face," ran the motors, or moved paid less to production workers than other mountains to get at the raw wealth that ·you can obtain the garments you ordered in American manufacturing industries and has the Far East." lies beneath the earth. He was a shining ex­ suffered a resulting erosion in its la'bor sup- ample of wrong that is trying and crying to Norman Seider, president of Kirby, Block ply. . Ma1·keting Services, Inc., a leading resident be corrected. The South American countries, while loom­ Arnold Miller, whose efforts of getting an buying office, said: ing as an eventual important source of man­ "The Far East, principally Japan, not long election overthrown and conducted anew, is ufacturing capacity, are not expected to ful­ now the new UMWA President, unseating an ago totally dominated the budget price­ fill this need for some years, owing to a points in the retailer's inventory. Now, be­ almost implacable king, W. A. (Tony) Boyle. lack of technology maturity. The Japanese Miller, who walks with the everyday miner, cause of money changes and inflation, it's are expected to help solve these problems by just another source of supply." more so than Lewis ever did, can be found What will it all mean to the American providing qualified training supervisors and at the portal of almost any mine every day. consumer? engineers. Miller wants to put the UMWA at the rank If the average American hopes for lower How far the "diverting backwards" move­ and file level of every miner. prices because of the revitalized importance ment will progress is not yet known, of Miller relies and believes more in action of American manufacturing, he will prob­ course. But it is creating a widespread stir than in words, feeling that his actions speak ably be disappointed. The erosion of the among businessmen in both hemispheres. louder than any speech or press release. price differential between Japanese and Mike Trbovich, a quiet but urbane man American goods will not remove the infla­ of the mines, combines a little of all three, tionary basic causes of the change. Lewis, Yablonski and Miller. Trbovich is pei:­ "I'm afraid the United States shopper is in sonable and is a very capable speaker earning ARNOLD MILLER GOES WHERE the interest of any audience. He is quiet as for two shocks in the next few months," THE ACTION IS said Mr. Hinerfeld of Kayser-Roth. Miller is, but is the speaker in an unassum­ "One is that the price of such major do­ ing manner, of course, such as Lewis and the late Yablonski. mestic commodities as wool and cotton will HON. KEN HECHLER Another of the foursome, not yet heard reflect the international shortage of those about much, is Harry Patrick, a native West textiles. Inventory building by producers all OF WEST VIRGINIA Virginian, from Fairmont, cocky, sure of him­ over the world and speculative buying have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES self and apparently knows the mining in­ shot the cost way up. The result is that do­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 d us try and the union by heart. mestic goods must show the increasing costs Patrick, who is secretary of the UMWA's o:r the raw material. Mr. HECHLER of West Virginia. Mr. group, does not make the· daily press, but is "The other shock is that there will still Speaker, leadership on behalf of rank- one who works behind the scenes, along 29782 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 1973 with the president, Miller, and vice-presi­ while silently tolerating much larger in­ able techniques has evidenced a success dent, Trbovich. creases in the politically sensitive matters of formula from which I believe other In first meeting him, he impresses one of union contracts and business profits. having the self-assurance such as that ex­ Mr. Nixon's denunciation of this bill as towns on the move can profit. ercised by Lewis, but he has the charm of the grossly inflationary is particularly unfortu­ My congratulations and thanks to Mr. every-day mining man that Lewis didn't. nate in view of his own proposal, which would Conte for his significant contribution to (Ed. Note--The above editorial was written have almost the same impact. The vetoed the town of Cary, the Fourth Congres­ last Tuesday before the indictment of W. A. bill would raise the minimum wage from the sional District, and to North Carolina. (Tony) Boyle for the slayings of Joseph A. present $1.60 an hour to $2 in November and I should also like to commend the (Jock) Yablonski, his wife and daughter. We $2.20 next July. Mr. Nixon's counter offer Raleigh Times and Dudley Price, the a.re proud to say that this newspaper edi­ would bring the minimum up to $1.90 now author, for recognizing and publicizing torially supported Mr. Yablonski when he and then up to $2.30 in steps over the next ran against Boyle, and the editor of this three years. The difference between these two these special accomplishments. The ar­ paper has been a long-time friend of Arnold scales, in their economic effect, is hardly ticle follows: Miller.) measurable. [From the Raleigh (N.C.) Times, Sept. 11, There are several ways to judge the fair- 1973) ness and adequacy of the present minimum CARY MANAGER PUTS HIS LEARNING To WORK wage. A person earning $1.60 an hour, work- MINIMUM WAGES: THE CASE FOR ing 40 hours a week and 52 weeks a year, (By Dudley Price) OVERRIDING THE PRESIDENTIAL would make an annual income of $3,320. The "If a man has knowledge and doesn't use VETO U.S. Department of Labor says that the cur- it,_ it's jus~ like taking a dollar bill and rent definition of poverty, for a family of sticking it in a hole somewhere. It doesn't four, is an income under $4,300. Even at a · do anybody a damn bit of good." HON. SPARK M. MATSUNAGA wage of $2.20 the worker would get only $4,576 Cary Town Manager Harry A. Conte prac- OF HAWAII a year, which will probably be less than the tices what he preaches. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Labor Department's definition of poverty by Using training he acquired on the job, next July when the minimum would have Conte has in a year and a half modernized Thursday, September 13, 1973 reached that level. Mr. Nixon's own cost of the municipal operations of Wake's fastest­ Mr. MATSUNAGA. Mr. Speaker, Pres­ Living Council exempts wages under $3.50 an growing town to keep pace with tb.e town's ident Nixon has vetoed H.R. 7935, the hour from its wage controls, on grounds that spiraling growth. Fair Labor Standards Act Amendments such excessively low earnings ought not be DEPENDABLE of 1973, legislation designed to bring the subjected to any artificial restraint. He is a man whom members of the Town The present minimum of $1.60 began to Council have come to depend upon, whom wages of the poorest working Americans come into force in 1967. The cost of living they discuss problems and exchange o:pin­ more nearly into line with today's mush­ in this country rose 33 per cent from 1967 to ions with. rooming prices. The ostensible reason last June. If the minimum wage were raised And to Cary employes, Conte is a man who given by the President was to fight in­ only enough to keep up with the cost of liv­ delegates authority, maintains good working flation. ing, it would have to be ta.lien up to $2.13 relationships and who in the words of one Even if increasing the wages of those right now. To put it another way, the mini­ department head, is able to compromise. earning the minimum were a major fac­ mum wage in 1967 represented about 60 per "I believe in watching others and trying cent of the average hourly earnings in this to improve upon their work," Conte said in a. tor in fueling America's inflation, Mr. country. If Congress had wanted only to recent interview. Since he became manager Nixon's veto would not have been jus­ maintain the same relation of the minimum in March, 1972, Conte's list of town firsts in­ tified. For as the Washington Post point­ to the average, it would have had to raise the cludes polling residents by questionnaires, ed out in an editorial last Saturday, minimum to $2.32 by last July instead of holding weekly staff meetings, rewriting per­ prices have increased 33 percent since $2.20 by next July. The bill that Congress sonnel policy, drafting a modern pay plan the present minimum wage of $1.60 an passed did not even fully compensate for the and putting out an annual town report. inflation of past years. It does not even keep 60-HOUR WEEK hour was established by Congress in pace with the general rise of American wages, 1966. The immediate increase proposed let alone incite future inflation. Conte, 46, estimates he spends 60 hours a in H.R. 7935 amounts to only 25 percent. Mr. Nixon keeps saying that he wants a week working as chief town executive. The The tragedy, however, is that the cause stronger and warmer spirit of cooperation duties include preparing the yearly budget of fighting inflation was neither served with Congress. But ne keeps deliberately pro­ for council review, top-level town adminis­ nor disserved by this legislation. The voking fights. In this case he has turned his tration and attending all council and com­ veto into a particularly unjustified attack mittee meetings. administration itself has calculated that Conte does not mind the time his job re­ the country's total wages would be in­ on Congress, citing inflationary effects that do not exist. Congress and the President share quires. "If it's a pleasure to come to work, a. creased by only four-tenths of 1 percent the blame for the present level of inflation, fellow's doing okay," he said. if H.R. 7935 were enacted. and a certain amount of public recrimination That attitude may have had something to Mr. Speaker, when the House votes is doubtless inevitable. But here the burden do with Conte's decision to come to cary next Wednesday on the motion to over­ of Mr. Nixon's veto will fall upon 3.8 million from his post as director of housing and de­ ride President Nixon's veto, I shall vote Americ!J.n workers whose present meager velopment for Fairfax, Va., a decision that wages leave them deep in poverty. cost him a $6,500 per year cut in salary. to override. Some of the most perceptive Building and sewer moratoriums had reasons for my colleagues to do the same squelched Fairfax's growth, he explained. In are contained in the editorial from the addition, under Virginia law it is necessary to Post to which I referred. I off er it for in­ CARY MANAGER PUTS HIS LEARN­ ING TO WORK go to court to annex, he said. clusion at this point: FmST PLANNER [From the Washington Post, Sept. 8, 1973) When he was offered the job as Cary plan­ MINIMUM WAGES AND VETO HON. IKE F. ANDREWS ner and engineer in September, 1971, he saw In political terms, President Nixon's veto OF NORTH CAROLINA a chance to work in a town with real growth potential. of the minimum-wage bill is another shoddy IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES attempt to blame inflation on an allegedly "It was a chance to put planning and expe­ reckless Congress. When the President says Thursday, September 13, 1973 rience into practice," he said of Cary, whose that the bill "would give an enormous boost population has jumped from 1,446 in 1950 to Mr. ANDREWS of North Carolina. Mr. more than 13,000 today. to inflation,'' he is factually incorrect. In eco­ Speaker, I would like to share with my nomic terms, neither the bill nor its veto Since he was Cary's first planner, it also could have any significant effect on inflation colleagues the story of a successful man: was a chance to organize a department to one way or the other. Harry A. Conte, the town manager of cope with Cary's growth and begin planning The bill would have raised the wages of Cary, N.C. for the future. 3.8 million workers. That is fewer than one Cary is the fastest-growing town in "Things were in a general state of chaos," out of every 20 employed Americans. Sen. he said. Conte set out to organize jumbled Wake County, and quite possibly the water and sewer plans and to enforce previ­ Harrison Williams (D-N.J.) has observed, fastest-growing town in the entire State. using the administration's own figures, that ously ignored ordinances. Much of the credit for this orderly QUESTIONNAIRES this bill in its first year would increase the growth belongs to Harry Conte, a man nation's total wages only 0.4 per cent. In later When Town Manager Lexie L. Lane retired years, the effects would be even sm_aller. The who-as the following article points in March, 1972, the post was offered to veto leaves the impression that Mr. Nixon is out--"practices what he preaches." (::onte. prepared to fight desperately over very small His unique talent for combining ac­ "My first order was to set weekly staff meet­ improvements_ in the income of the poor, quired knowledge, hard work, and work- ings," he recalled. And he started sampling September· 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29783 residents' opinions with questionaries mailed Wake County intergovernmental coordinator Medical costs and prescription drug with water bills. · who now works in Chapel Hill for the Frank prices continue to soar-and medicare The first dealt with basic questions about Porter Graham trust. does not come close to covering all these the town and its services. A second was more "Conte knows sound principles of manage­ costs for our senior citizens. For some of specific, dealing with budget-related ques­ ment and how to keep good relations with my constituents, it has become a harrow­ tions. A third questionaire--dealing with other boards in the county. He knows his subdivision problems is planned and probably role in Cary government," Sanders said. ing choice between food or medicine. will be mailed around the first of next year. Appearance Commission Chairman Harold This is a choice that no American should · While the 25 per cent response to the first D. Ritter said Conte "probably is doing a have to make. questionaire pleased Conte, the 12 per cent good job considering the town is growing by Nearly three out of four Americans response to the second left him less than leaps and bounds." over the age of 65 have annual incomes thrilled. SERIES OF JOBS below $3,000, including 2.5 million per­ "I want to get the public more active in Born in West Rutland, Vt. Conte graduated sons with no income at all. The 5.9 per­ town government," Conte said. A Vermonter, from high school and received his first train­ cent increase which is pending represents Conte said he favors the town meeting style ing on-the-job as an electrician for Win­ about $9 a month for the individual re­ of government common in New England. "I'd chester Corp in New Haven, Conn. He at­ like to see the public speak out on issues that tired worker, raising his monthly bene­ tended the DeVries School in New Haven fits to $176. I see nothing inflationary do not directly affect them," he said. where he learned electronics and gained cer­ Conte noted a council meeting when about tification as a master electrician. about giving these persons an extra $9 100 persons turned up to discuss the exterior He then moved through a series of jobs in a month, especially when it means they of the new town hall. At another, the one Richmond, Va., and Wilmington where he may be able to eat decent meals again. in which Cary passed a $3.5 million budget, met his wife, Hilda, before moving to Arling­ Mr. Speaker, 85 of my colleagues have only a handful attended. ton County, Va., as an electrical inspector. joined with me in calling for an immedi­ Conte said he feels one of Cary's strong In 1964, he began working as chief build­ ate social security increase. Yesterday points is that it is willing to plan for the ing inspector for Fairfax, Va., which was then the Senate approved an amendment to future. "You can't stop growth," he said, only a town. By 1971, he was director of the "so you've got to provide for orderly growth." make the increase effective now. In the Department of Housing and Development for name of humanity toward our senior cit­ WU.LING TO PLAN Fairfax, which had grown into a city. Conte points to the success of the planned He was in charge of site plans and subdivi­ izens. I urge the House to take similar unit development ordinance in Cary as an sion reviews, floodplain studies, zoning and swift action. example of the town's open-mindedness in housing inspections, was fire marshal and planning. "As long as the town's open like helped draft ordinances for the city. that, it will have good residential areas and "I WAS FORTUNATE" development," he said. "I was really fortunate," Conte said. "When A EUROPEAN VIEW OF NEGOTI­ Conte feels his most important accomplish­ ATING WITH THE SOVIET UNION ment as town manager is in administrative Fairfax went from a town to a city, I was areas, particularly in giving department able to get varied experience a lot of people don't get,'' he said. heads freedom to operate. "A town manager Since coming to Cary, Conte has taken can't delegate responsibility, but he can HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK correspondence courses from the interna­ OF OHIO delegate authority," he said. tional city managers association in public PERFORMANCE HIGH relations, public works administration and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Department heads seem to agree. "He supervision. He has taken a Dale Carnegie Thursday, September 13, 1973 delegates full authority to operate the de· course in public speaking and attended sem­ partment," soid Fire Chief Terry L. Ed­ inars given by the Institute of Government Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, realis­ mondson. "He will listen to my opinions, and in Chapel Hill. tic appraisals of the Soviet Union ·and I'll listen to him," Edmondson said. "He's Conte, his wife and son Michael, 12, live at negotiations with that power seem more doing a heck of a good job," the chief added. 717 Brunswick Place. prevalent in many parts of Europe than Public Works Director Norman Padget in the United States. Too many American a.greed, saying the delegation of authority to officials and observers are viewing de­ department heads was '!one of the main tente as a one-way deal with the United things Conte's done." IMMEDIATE SOCIAL SECURITY States doing all the giving and the Soviet CONTE KNOWS ROLE INCREASE NEEDED Union doing all the taking. These people Recreation Director Mike Whitby said the seem to completely neglect any idea of only time Conte intervenes in department matters is "when he's asked." He said Conte HON. C. W. BILL YOUNG reciprocity in dealing with the Soviet is able to compromise but rated his main ac­ OF FLORIDA Union. A leading French statesman and grand complishment as manager being able to cope IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES with Cary's rapid growth. "Conte does a good old man of French politics Antoine Pinay job,'' he said. Thursday, September 13, 1973 suggests a different course in negotiating "HE LISTENS" Mr. YOUNG of Florida. Mr. Speaker, with the Soviet Union-a course differ­ Conte seems to enjoy similar good rela­ I have today sponsored legislation to put ent than that which the United States tions with the town council. "If I have a into effect immediately the social secu­ is presently following. I urge my col­ problem, I go to the town manager," rity cost-of-living increase originally leagues to give consideration to the re­ said Councilman Thomas H. Griffis. Griffis marks of Mr. Pinay in the following in­ said there was free interaction between scheduled for July 1, 1974. America's 21 Conte and the council. "If we don't agree, million senior citizens need our help terview published in the foreign publi­ then we say so,'' he said. now, not next year. cation To the Point: Mayor Fred G. Bond ranks Conte's per­ In July the House approved a 5.9 per­ FIGHTING FOR A FREE EUROPE formance at "a high level." Conte is familiar cent increase in benefits to make up for Since President De Gaulle's Death in 1970, with water and sewer matters, Bond said, the inflation of the past fiscal year. At Antoine Pinay, 81, has been the grand old and he has done a good job coordinating that time, I favored making the increase man of conservative French politics. He is town departments. Councilman Joe R. Vea­ the embodiment of the French "province" sey said, "Administratively, he's excellent." effective right away-after all, a "catch­ (France outside Paris), which has always Councilman E. Russell Secrest said Conte up" increase which doesn't catch up un­ finally determined the direction of French has probably the hardest town manager's job til a year later is not much good. politics. !or a town of Cary's size because of its ex­ However, proponents of the delay ar­ An in:lustrialist, he has been mayor of tremely rapid growth. "He's keeping the town gued that it was necessary to avoid a Saint Chammond in the Loire district for 45 running, and he's building an organization,'' budgetary drain and also to give time for years. Before World War Two, he was a mem­ he said. "As an administrator and an organ­ the social security tax to be increased ber of parliament and a senator. After the izer he's doing a heck of a job." Secrest said to pay for the new outlays. A majority war, he returned to politics, becoming the de the council's estimation of Conte's perform­ facto leader of the powerful conservative ance was indicated by a recent unanimous of the Members of Congress agreed and group of "independents and moderates" in decision to increase the manager's annual the effective date of the payment increase 1952. This party, with 110 seats, then held salary from $13,000 to $20,000. was thus delayed. the key to power in a parliament divided be­ The high opinion is shared outside Cary's Such a delay is no longer supportable. tween Gaullists, the communists and the governmental structure. "Conte brought pro­ The Department of Agriculture is now centre-left group. He was elected prime min­ fessional management the town needs be­ predicting that food prices alone will ister in 1952, and minister of foreign affairs cause of its growth," said Joe Sanders, former increase at least 20 percent this year. in 1955- 56. However he withdrew from active 29784 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 politics soon after the 1956 elections, leaving the military forces in Europe be balanced. by law to contract in advance are caught the French Parliament in a. chaotic state. It is the la.ck of balance that causes ten­ in a bind. In 1958, De Gaulle appointed him finance sion. Later, one can disarm. minister after the uprisings in Algeria. He To THE POINT. Do you really believe that Persons living on the fixed income of left the government in 1960 after disagreeing these demands have any chance of being pensions and social security are also with De Gaulle's tactics in Algeria. Since accepted by the Russians? badly pinched by the high cost of living. then, he has presided over several communal PINAY. Well, if you would ask me to bet, I Many commented on their personal situ­ and economic boards. He is considered a close would not bet a fortune on it. But I think the ation in this regard, particularly where friend of the dynamic conservative leader, West should insist on these demands if one they have been affected by simultaneous Valery Giscard d'Estaing, whose political does not want Russia to use the conference career he once promoted. Well respected by adjustments in pensions and social se­ as a smokescreen for propaganda and expan­ curity payments. President Pompidou, he w.as appointed sion. If Russia rejects these demands, it is France's first Mediateur (Ombudsman) in difficult to believe that it really wants We noticed more comment on alleged January of this year. Pinay's words carry a lot detente. abuses of welfare payments, especially of weight in French politics-much more To THE POINT. But can you see Russia in the area of food stamps. Many who than he admits. It has always been the policy agreeing to free travel when people trying said they had not paid much attention of France to have moral issues raised by re­ to cross the Berlin Wall are still shot? to such things before, are now more con­ spected political figures who are not in the PINAY. It is obvious that the Berlin Wall scious of qualifying for benefits. forefront of daily politics, especially those is­ must fall; that the barrages on the borders sues which are causes of concern to the po­ must fall; that the oppression of Czecho­ FUEL SHORTAGE litical leadership of the country. slovakia must stop. Shortages in gasoline have been com­ At the moment, the French leaders fear To THE POINT. Do you think that your pensated for in one way or another with­ that the European Security Conference, country will support this attitude? out as much hardship as had been ex­ which takes place while the United States is PINAY. I no longer have the authority to pected at one time. Although there were preoccupied with Watergate and the Bonn speak for France. But I saw the declarations problems, some of them fairly severe at government flirts with Moscow, could result of Jobert (French Foreign Minister) in Hel­ harvest time, most of these were local­ in a. covert Russian domination of Europe. It sinki. They were very much in this direction is perhaps Pinay's mission to voice these and very realistic. ized and handled adequately. While con­ fears. To THE POINT. But if Russia rejects those cern was evidenced about fuel oil supplies To THE POINT. Mr. Pinay, you are appar­ demands? for the coming winter, those dependent ently very much concerned with the freedom PINAY. Personally, I think that if Russia upon propane gas are plainly wonied. of all Europe . . . rejects these demands, the Western delega­ There was evidence that some home PINAY. You know, the most moving episode tions should walk out. builders and housing project developers in my life was when, in Vienna in 1955, we­ are changing their plans for heating sys­ the foreign ministers of the Big Four-signed the treaty for the liberation of Austria. I re­ tems. Electrical heat is being substituted for fuel oil systems in the blueprints. member that day as if it was today. We SPEAKING FOR THE CONSTITUENCY signed in that palace; what is its name? Yes, Because of the fuel required to generate the Belvedere. The streets were full. I don't OF SOUTH DAKOTA DISTRICT NO. 2 power, this "solution" may have long­ know whether there were 500,000 or 600,000 range complications. people in the streets. Everybody was crying. Both my staff and I are very grateful At the reception in the Imperial Palace of HON. JAMES ABDNOR OF SOUTH DAKOTA for the compliments paid our office for Schoenbrunn, one could see the Austrians obtaining the 5,000 barrel gasoline allo­ had brought out their finest suits and IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dresses. It was so pathetic, one wanted to cation from Gulf Oil Co. Although we cry... · Thursday, September 13, 1973 had requested 5,000 barrels of diesel fuel To THE POINT. And today you are con­ Mr. ABDNOR. Mr. Speaker, during the in addition, we were happy to get the cerned with the freedom of Europe at the August congressional recess I personally gasoline and so were the suppliers in European Security Conference which opens visited 21 of the 46 counties in the Second South Dakota. Tb.ere was no question on September 18, you have signed a declara­ District of South Dakota to listen first­ but what the alloch.;.ion greatly eased tion ... the shortages that accompanied harvest. PINAY. We must ask for full liberation; we hand to the views of my constituents. must test whether Russia really has the sin­ Members of my staff visited the re­ INDIANS cere intention to achieve permanent peace. maining counties. In addition, I spent Our visits indicated a great concern by This will be apparent only if it accepts the 4 days at the South Dakota State fair Indians and whites alike over the mili­ necessary freedoms; for mankind and for during which I had the opportunity to tant tendencies of some groups in ap­ ideas. We must demand that the countries of visit with citizens from every corner of proaching Indian problems. The people Eastern Europe grant the same freedom of South Dakota. During this period all of a.re looking for positive solutions to the movement that is present in Western coun­ problems faced by the Indian people to tries. If we don't achieve this, the conference us made a special effort to obtain the will be just a snare. The appeal has been reaction of constituents to the issues and counteract the threats ·and acts of vio­ signed not only by me. It has been signed by problems of the day, and also to assist lence. 600 prominent persons in Europe. In France them were possible in individual prob­ WATERGATE it has been signed by politicians of all per­ lems they brought to our attention. Although the press in Washington has suasions. Men like Max Lejeune, Monnerville Among my findings were: been inundated by Watergate, it is not (ex-president of the Senate), Lecanuet (the High prices and inflation generated the No. 1 issue in South Dakota. Those leader of the centre reformists). We have re­ who did talk about it were eager to have ceived a cable from Chancellor Brandt, who more comment than any other single is­ declares that he fully approves of our sue. Farmers and ranchers are very ap­ the matter turned over to the courts. demands. preciative of the current high levels of Many expressed concern that the func­ What we ask for is free travel without pass­ prices, but are greatly concerned about tions of government were being impaired, ports, or at least without visas, in the whole price fluctuations, particularly those in­ and also that those who may be guilty of Europe-as is the case now in Western volving grain and livestock. They are of criminal conduct may not be able to Europe. People should travel with only an finding it especially hard to make plans be brought to trial because of all the identity card and be able to circulate over where the plans are contingent on prices. publicity that has been engendered. the whole area made up of the countries at­ My office also completed a mail survey tending the conference. There should be free­ Most are hoping for at least some degree dom of marriage, freedom to mix with all of price stabilization, but are uncertain on 20 issues of current interest. We re­ the inhabitants of the countries one visits, about how it can be achieved. ceived responses from nearly 10,000 con­ and student exchange programmes, and an Fluctuating prices are also affecting stituents. Several issues generated more exchange of young workers. These people institutions and agencies which purchase interest and comment than others. should be able to live with families in the goods and services under contract. Most Respondents were given the choice of - host countries. And books, newspapers and suppliers are reluctant to make proposals five answers on each of the questions films should circulate freely. Naturally, we pertaining to issues before Congress. think that the West must not ask for any­ for more than a few months in advance, thing which it is not willing to concede it­ particularly in the areas of food and fuel. They could answer with a strong no or a self. But I think it must ask for it and make Quotations for a year in advance are rare mild no, uncertain, a mild yes or a strong it an absolute condition. Without a firm because most firms do not feel they can yes. stand the conference makes no sense. afford the financial risk. School districts, On the subject of aid to North Viet­ To THE POINT. And security . . . ? counties and cities now planning their nam, the question was asked, "Provide PINAY. We demand in the first stage that 1974 budgets and in many cases required at least $2 billion in the next 5 years?" September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29785 The response was 84 percent no, 9 per­ the Abdnor Amendment to exempt small Band-Aid over their economic wounds businesses from OSHA control? No, 11 per­ with small increases in social security cent uncertain with only 7 percent yes. cent; uncertain, 15 percent; yes, 74 percent. Of those answeting no, a whopping 66 that come at a high cost. 18. OEO: Continue federal funding of It is my hope that this matter will re­ percent expressed strong negative feel­ community action programs? No, 47 percent; ceive the earnest attention of and ex­ ing on the subject. uncertain, 15 percent; yes, 38 percent. Asked if they favored outlawing food 19. Postal Service: Should the Postal Serv­ peditious treatment from the 93d Con­ stamps for strikers, residents of the sec­ ice "pay its own way" even though higher gress. ond District registered a vote of 79 per­ postal rates may force some small magazines The articles follow: cent yes, 5 percent uncertain and 16 per­ and newspapers out of business? No, 34 per­ PENSION PRETENSE cent; uncertain, 19 percent; yes, 47 percent. (By William V. Shannon) cent no. Fifty-seven percent were 20. North Vietnam: Provide at least $2 strongly in favor of outlawing food billion in the next five years? No, 84 percent; WASHINGTON, Sept. 5.-Next week, the stamps for strikers. l.mcertain, 9 percent; yes, 7 percent. Senate begins debate on two rival bills to On the Abdnor amendment to exempt "The remaining five questions were used reform the private pension industry. One is small businesses from OSHA control, 74 to give me an idea of the demographic break­ S.4 sponsored by Senators Williams (Demo­ down of the 2nd District," Abdnor said. crat, N.J.) and Javits (Republican, N.Y.) percent registered approval, 11 percent and endorsed by the Senate Labor Commit­ disapproved and 15 percent were. uncer­ 21. Age: 15-19, 5 percent; 20- 29 , 21 per.­ cent : 30-39, 17 percent; 40-49, 18 percent; tee and practically the whole liberal estab­ tain. Of those in favor, 43 percent 50-59, 20 percent; 60-up, 19 percent. lishment in the Senate. This other is S.1179 strongly approved. 22. Sex: Male, 56 percent; female, 44 per­ sponsored by Senator Bentsen (Democrat, Other issues opposed by constituents cent. Tex.) and cleared by the more conservative included the recent Supreme Court de­ 23. Party preference: Democrat, 30 per­ Senate Finance Committee. cision liberalizing abortion laws, am­ cent; Republican, 54 percent; Independent, There is only one thing wrong with these 16 percent. reform bills. Neither of them does much re­ nesty for draft evaders, Federal aid to forming. Regardless of which bill becomes cities and year around daylight savings 24. Family income: 0- $9,999, 43 percent; $10-14,999, 30 percent; $15-19,999, 15 percent; law, the great majority of workers are not time. $20-29,999, 7 percent; $30,000-up, 5 percent. going to collect a dollar from whatever pri­ Issues supported by Second District 25. Education: Grade school, 11 percent; vate pension plan currently pretends to residents included limiting the Federal high school, 36 percent; trade school/junior "cover" them. budget, price controls to half inflation college, 14 percent; college, 30 percent; ad­ It is easy to see why these bills are more and investigation of Indian complaints vanced degree, 9 percent. sham than reality. No economic base exists for reforms. There are 200,000 private pen­ against the BIA. sion plans with assets totaling more than Complete results of the survey in sim­ $150 billion and fresh revenues pouring in plified form are as follows: at a rate of $15 billion a year. This money SURVEY FROM SOUTH DAKOTA DISTRICT No. 2 PRIVATE PENSION REFORM is a bonanza for the banks and pension con­ 1. Abortion: Agree with the recent Su­ sultant s who manage it. preme Court decision liberalizing abortion Businessmen do not want reform because laws? No, 55 percent; uncertain, 5 percent; HON. ELIZABETH HOLTZMAN it might increase their costs and would cer­ yes, 40 percent. OF NEW YORK tainly reduce their control over their own 2. Amnesty: Favor amnesty for draft eva­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES pension plans. Most unions like the illusion of power that they now have when pensions ders if they perform 2-5 years of public serv­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 ice upon their return? No, 62 percent; un­ are subject to collective bargaining and they certain, 7 percent; yes, 31 percent. Ms. HOLTZMAN. Mr. Speaker, the share with management in control. As a re­ 3. Budget Limit: Should Congress limit the ·issue of reform in the area of private sult, they are indifferent to the reforms Federal Budget to $250 billion? No, 12 per­ pensions is a matter of great national that would diminish the role of unions in cent; uncertain, 25 percent; yes, 63 percent. the pension process but would genuinely 4. Cities: Increase federal aid to them? concern. protect· the interests of their members, ex­ No, 55 percent; uncertain, 19 percent; yes, In this regard, I would like to bring to members and retirees. 26 percent. the attention of my colleagues two very Since most workers contribute nothing 5. Daylight Saving Time: Use it the year thoughtful and important articles by or only small sums to a private pension plan, around? No, 58 percent; uncertain, 7 per­ William V. Shannon, which recently ap­ they regard it as an agreeable extra, a "fringe cent; yes, 35 percent. peared in the New York Times. benefit." They do not realize that in eco­ 6. Economy: Favor wage and price controls Mr. Shannon has, in a very penetrat­ nomic terms a private pension is part of to fight inflation? No, 20 percent; uncertain, ing manner, pointed out the deficiencies the wage package and the money diverted 12 percent; yes, 68 percent. to the pension plan could otherwise have 7. Energy Crisis: Tax the excessive use of in legislation presently pending before been used to pay them higher wages. A gas and electricity? No, 49 percent; uncer­ the Senate. He has demonstrated that, pension later in place of higher wages now tain, 18 percent; yes, 33 percent. even if these proposals are adopted, we makes sense-if you collect the pension. 8. Environment: Agree that sufficient prog­ will still be far behind many European Most workers do not. ress is being made to clean up the environ­ countries in regulating private penison The ordinary employe works five, or eight ment? No, 46 percent; uncertain, 13 per­ programs. or ten years and then quits to take a better cent; yes, 41 percent. The development of sound pension re­ job.: He loses his rights in the old plan and 9. Food Stamps: Outlaw the issuing of food form legislation would insure that after starts all over again in his new employer's stamps to strikers? No, 16 percent; uncertain, plan. Or he is laid off in a recession. Or his 5 percent; yes, 79 percent. retirement elderly persons could fairly firm goes bankrupt and the pension plan 10. Gun Control: Outlaw "Saturday Night reap the rewards of productive years in goes under. Or his firm is merged and the Special" small b,and gun? No, 36 percent; the labor force. It also would permit real new conglomerate abolishes the old plan uncertain, 10 percent; yes, 54 percent. economic security after retirement. We and introduces a .new one for which he is 11. Health Insurance: Is a national health are all too well aware of the often· des­ not immediately eligible. Or he changes jobs insurance program needed? No, 38 percent; perate position elderly Americans find and moves from a company that has a plan uncertain, 18 percent; yes, 44 percent. themselves in once they s'top working. to one that does not. Whatever he does, he is 12. Indians: Investigate their complaint an unwitting participant in the Great Pen­ against the Bureau of Indian Affairs? No, 19 This is especially true in this period of sion Lottery in which, like all lotteries, many percent; uncertain, 8 percent; yes, 73 per­ rampant inflation where food prices, for lose and few win. cent. example, are rising at the astronomical A true reform bill would have four essen­ 13. Military Budget: Reduce the national rate of over 20 percent per month. tial provisions. It would provide immediate defense budget: No, 40 percent; uncertain, Because we have failed in the past to vesting-credits toward a pension at 65 13 percent; yes, 47 percent. enact the needed reform legislation in even if separat~d from the job before re­ 14. Minimum wage: Increase it from the this area, today we are confronted with tirement. The Williams-Javits bill would present $1.60 per hour? No, 44 percent; un­ the need to adjust constantly social secu­ guarantee 30 per cent of one's pension credits certain, 10 percent; yes, 46 percent. rity benefits. These increases barely allow if one worked for the same employer for 15. Mount Rushmore: Favor the Park senior citizens to meet the drastic rise eight years. It would add 10 per cent each Service proposal for a transportation system year thereafter, thus reaching 100 _per cent in prices and continue to pose a serious after fifteen years. at Mount Rushmore? No, 45 percent; uncer­ drain on our Treasury. Looking to the tain, 22 percent; yes, 33 percent. But most private pension plans already 16. News: Guarantee reporters the right to future it would be so much sounder to provide for vesting after ten or fifteen years. confidential sources? No, 39 percent; uncer­ insure that our elderly citizens get pen­ In other words, S. 4 just ratifies the status tain, 11 percent; yes, 50 percent. sions to which they are entitled rather quo. 17. Occupational safety: Do you support than constantly attempting to place a Secondly, a good bill would make pension 29786 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 rights portable, enabling a worker to keep their median tenure in manufacturing jobs retired as supervisor of the Department's his pension credits as he moved from job is about eight years and in retail selling to job. Both bills set up a pension clearing about five years. Yet private plans typically field office in McKeesport, Pa. house to be run by the Government. It require fifteen years of service to qualify for Mr. Sambolt's career in public service would administer vested benefits that em­ benefits. spanned 37 years and the dedication and ployers voluntarity put there. But employ­ One-third of all working women work only ability he demonstrated in the perform­ ers know it is more profitable to hold this part-time or part of each year. Yet the ance of his duties earned him the ad­ money and use it within their own fund, pay­ Internal Revenue Code permits pension miration and respect of the people he ing a pension-if ever-many years later. funds to get favorable tax treatment even Only a compulsory system is likely to work. served, as well as that of his coworkers though ·~hey exclude "employes whose cus­ and superiors. The high caliber of his Thirdly, each plan should be properly fund­ tomary employment is for not more than 20 ed to make certain that it has enough assets hours in any one week, and employes whose work is attested to by the numerous to cover all present and future pensions. Both customary employment is for not more than awards and tributes paid him over the bills provide for funding but over a thirty­ five months in any calendar year." years in recognition of his efforts. year period. Many companies merge or go out The law should be changed to require that Mr. Sambolt joined the Government in of business after less than a decade of exist­ part-time and part-year work result in pro­ March 1936, as a medical claims ence. portional pension credits. examiner with the U.S. Employees Com­ Fourth is the need for reinsurance. This is Since women tend to outlive men, widow­ the one glaring abuse that both bills do at­ pensation Commission in Washington, hood is a predictable event. Yet virtually all D.C. In December 1940, he was trans­ tempt to meet by setting up a system roughly plans either make no provision for widows comparable to the F.D.I.C. protection for or require the husband to choose a lower ferred to the Labor Department's wage­ bank deposits. That should reduce the num­ pension in order to provide his survivors hour division in Pittsburgh, as assistant ber of horror stories of pensioners left bereft with any benefit, and that pitifully small. payroll examiner-clerk. When World by plans that go bankrupt. Significantly, only 2 per cent of widows col­ War II erupted, Mr. Sambolt interrupted But one small improvement is not good lect a private pension. So-called joint-and­ his Government service to join the Navy, enough. Where is the protection fQr older survivor options are no solution to this prob­ serving from November 1943, until Feb­ workers fired without cause so they cannot lem. A widow should be entitled to 50 per collect their pensions? Where is the vesting ruary 1946. In 1959, he was promoted to cent of her husband's full pension as a mat­ senior investigator at the Pittsburgh of­ of proportional benefits for women who work ter of law. 3 1962, he part-time? Where is the guaranteed pension The two bills coming up in the Senate fice and years later, in April for the elderly widow? are both feeble measures. They are written was named to the post he held at retire­ Reform can be accomplished. Britain is to disturb the status quo as little as possible. ment. about to enact a law requiring private plans And the main beneficiaries of the status quo During his tenure in McKeesport, Mr. to provide full vesting after five years and are the banks and the pension consultants. Sambolt continuously displayed a genu­ to pay a widow 50 per cent of her husband's Those who benefit least are the workers nom­ ine interest and concern for the well-be­ pension. The Netherlands has immediate inally "covered." ing of the people he served. His training vesting. Why should Americans settle for S. 1179 reported by the Finance Committee pension plans that pay most participants no and experience was invaluable in solving is marginally better than S. 4, which is spon­ the many problems they encountered. I pensions? Why should the Senate settle for sored by Senators Jacob K. Javits, Republi­ a reform bill with almost no reforms? can of New York, and Harrison A. Williams know the residents of the McKeesport Jr., Democrat of New Jersey. The committee's area join me in expressing to Mr. Sam­ WOMEN AND PENSIONS measure would provide some vesting after bolt our appreciation for all he has done (By William V. Shannon) five years instead of eight, would cover all in the past and in wishing him well for WASHINGTON, September 9.-As the Senate plans rather than excluding those with 24 the years to come. begins this week to consider bills to reform employes or less, and would forbid a pension private pension plans, most people are only plan from investing in the stock of its own beginning to grasp that these plans work on company rather than limiting such invest­ the same principle as a lottery: many losers ments to 10 per cent as the Williams-Javits MINUTE QUESTIONNAIRES and few winners. bill does. It was never intended by the banks and It is typical of the thinking behind the pension consultants who draw up these Finance Committee bill, however, that it plans and develop the actuarial tables that writes in generous tax deductions for self­ HON. JACK BRINKLEY all of the workers for whom an employer employed persons-lawyers, doctors, archi­ OF GEORGIA sets aside money in the pension fund would tects, writers-who have individual pension IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES actually collect a pension. On the contrary, plans. These are the very workers who are these plans assume that for one reason least in need of special Congressional pro­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 or another, most workers will quit or be laid tection. off long before they are 65. Senator Vance Hartke, Democrat of In­ Mr. BRINKLEY. Mr. Speaker, since The only workers to whom an employer is diana, is one of the few members of the the beginning of the 93d Congress I have reasonably certain he will have to pay a Senate who has interested himself in pension mailed to the Third Congressional Dis­ pension are those over 55 workers for whom reform, aside from the sponsors of the bills. trict of Georgia, which I am privileged to retirement is in sight. Stated another way, He plans to offer important amendments that represent, two "Minute Questionnaires" it is the last employer who pays the pension, would require full vesting after 5 years and included as part of our regular quarterly and it is based only on the time spent with would make portability compulsory, instead newsletters. The response to these two that company, not on the individual's whole of voluntary. If these amendments are adopt­ working life. ed as well as others that may be offered deal- questionnaires, sent during March and Without stopping to think carefully about - ing with the special problems of widows, August of this year, has been excellent it, many workers assume that a private plan part-time workers, and infl.ation-stricken and the results, in my estimation, pro­ works roughly like Social Security. That is, pensioners, then the final measure would vide an excellent indication of just how they assume they are accumulating credits justify the honorable tag of "reform bill" many rank-and-file Americans feel on toward a pension as soon as they begin work­ that has been so loosely conferred upon these issues of particular national significance. ing, that the credits accumulate even though dim proposals. they change jobs, and that the money to pay Mr. Speaker, I submit herewith the the pension is in a safe place. tabulated results of these two question­ In reality, they do not usually get a naires for the consideration of our col­ "vested" interest in a pension until they have leagues: worked for one company for many years. If JOSEPH J. SAMBOLT ENDS GOVERN­ MINUTE QUESTIONNAmE No. 1 they change Jobs, they lose all their un­ MENT SERVICE vested rights in the previous plans because 1. The Vietnam war: their rights are not "portable." And rather (a) With the cessation of hostilities, should than being in a safe place, the money to HON. JOSEPH M. GAYDOS financial aid be extended to North Vietnam? pay their pension may be invested unwisely OF PENNSYLVANIA Percent or be inadequate to meet the fund's total 'Yes------7.6 obligations. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES No------92.4 If most male employes are short-changed Thursday, September 13, 1973 by the Great Pension Lottery, women are (b) Should a blanket amnesty be con­ sidered for those men who left this country the real losers. Because of childbearing, care Mr. GAYDOS. Mr. Speaker, the U.S. its to avoid the Draft? of ill parents, and other causes, women have Department of Labor has lost one of Percent more of an in-and-out pattern in their most conscientious and valuable em~ Yes------4.5 working life. For working women over 45, ployees, Mr. Joseph J. Sambolt, who has No------95.5 September 13, ·1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29787 2. Should the death penalty be restored I share some of this concern and we and $5.8 billion to cut a canal 650 ft. wide nat ionally for certain specified crimes? and 110 ft. deep along t he proposed 64 mile must be extremely careful not to pass rout e. By using nuclear devices, the time Percent legislation which would ruin the ability could be slashed to eight years and the cost -Yes------89.1 of teams to compete. However, I do be­ to $3.8 billion. No------10.9 lieve that the complaint voiced by mil­ A canal 650 x 110 ft. would be large enough 3. Do you agree with the President's recent lions of fans that a blackout unjustly to permit one-way passage of 500,000 ton action impounding funds appropriated for deprives them of watching their home tankers. Another proposal calls for a wider, specific domestic programs- teams when there is a sellout is a valid but shallower canal, 1,250 ft. wide and 75 ft. Percent one. The legislation before the House deep, large enough for a two-lane canal ac­ In every instance ______13. 6 would provide that if a game is sold out · commodating 50,000-ton liquid natural gas In most instances ______39. 6 tankers and containerships. The Suez Canal In few instances ______46. 8 72 hours in advance the ban would be has a minimum depth of 41.5 ft. and the lifted. This would allow teams ample Panama Canal 41 ft. MINUTE QUESTIONNAmE No. 2 time to fill the stadium if there is not a Two nuclear options. Preliminary plans of­ 1. Should the U. S. Senate's Select Com­ sellout 3 days prior. fer two options for the use of nuclear devices. mittee on Presidential Campaign Activities I am happy to note that the Commis­ The more ambitious plan would cover 27.5 discontinue its inquiries into the Watergate. sioner of the NFL, Pete Rozelle, has miles running from the middle of a mo1.m­ Affair? tain range to the Andaman Sea coast. The Percent changed his tune on this subject and is second plan would only require 14 miles of Yes ______------53.6 willing to go along with a trial period. nuclear excavation, mostly in the mountain No------46.4 Up to now, the NFL has exhibited par­ range. 2. Would you favor the construction of a ticular arrogance in this regard by re­ "The devices would be put underground in t rans-Alaska pipeline as a means of alleviat­ fusing to even consider voluntary restric­ a series," says Chowkwanyun, "like a neck­ ing our present fuel shortage? tions on blackouts at home. lace of Japanese pearls-all devices side by Percent I believe that this legislation would be side. Our problem is education. People have a par ticular fear of this type of device be­ Yes ------85 in the interest of both the fans and pro­ cause until now it has been used only for No------15 fessional sports. I urge my colleagues to war." 3. Do you think the President's economic pass this bill and lead a truly team-like policies are working effectively? If t he 27.5-mile-long route is adopted, Percent effort to a touchdown for sports fans most nuclear devices would be planted in across the country. clusters of five or six and fired in salvo. "You Yes------16.3 would get a few miles of canal with each No------~------83.7 salvo," says Willard Libby, former advisor 4. Should Congress place private pension to President Eisenhower on the peaceful use plans under Federal regulation to guarantee of atomic energy. Libby added that there that retirees get the cumulat ive benefits they KRL CANAL PLOWSHARE would be a delay of several days bet ween the have earned? PROPOSAL firing of each cluster, and the entire opera­ Percent tion would take one or two weeks. Yes------71.7 The total yield of the required 139 devices No------28.3 would be about 41 megatons. The largest HON. CRAIG HOSMER salvo would have 53 devices and the smallEst 5. Do you think Congress should give the OF CALIFORNIA President authority to continue the bombing five. It would take 16 months for the devices in Cambodia after August 15th? IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES to be installed and detonated. Libby said the radiation danger would be minimal. Percent Thursday, September 13, 1973 35. 8 "You wouldn't get any more radiation (out­ Yes . . . side the blast area) than you got from the No 64.2 . Mr. HOSMER. Mr. Speaker, while the ------United States has shelved the idea of recent Chinese nuclear test in Western using nuclear explosives to excavate a China on June 27." But, cautions Libby, radiation would be new Panama Canal, excitement runs fairly heavy along the canal route and per­ A TOUCHDOWN FOR SPORT FANS high on just such a concept halfway sons living in this area will have to be ACROSS THE COUNTRY around the world. It is a proposal to use evacuated. Prevailing winds would carry radi­ nuclear explosives to build stretches of ation in a westerly direction, and fallout a new canal across the Kra Isthmus, in could be expected up to 150 miles away. Sec­ HON. MARVIN L. ESCH southern Thailand, capable of handling ondary radiation could affect persons living OF MICHIGAN 500,000-ton tankers. on the Nicobar Islands and northern Su­ matra, 600 miles west of the site. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The Kra Canal, connecting the Indian . Libby expects a problem from ground Thursday, September 13, 1973 Ocean and the South China Gea, would shock, but adds that it will not be an insur­ be the world's third major waterway mountable problem since the Kra area is Mr. ESCH. Mr. Speaker, I introduced after the Suez Canal and the Panama sparsely populated and there are not many H.R. 9661, which amends the Communi­ Canal. The first formal recorded proposal buildings that would be likely to suffer dam­ cations Act of 1934 to prohibit the black­ to construct such a canal was made in age. Singapore is 700 miles to t he south and out of professional home football games 1973. Preliminary studies indicate that Bangkok lies 250 miles north. in the event of a sellout. This would also using nuclear explosives, where neces­ From an engineering standpoint, says include baseball, basketball, and hockey Libby, "we have every reason to believe it sary, would reduce overall construction is feasible. The project is not primarily nu­ games which have been sold out at least time from 12 to 8 years and the cost clear. It could be done without nuclear and 48 hours before the scheduled start of from $5.3 billion to $3.8 billion. perhaps it should. It's just cheaper and play and would be in effect for a 1-year An article about using nuclear explo­ faster with nuclear." trial period. sives to help build this canal which ap­ International interest. At a recent three­ I believe that the time is ripe for this peared in the August 23, 1973 issue of day Tokyo conference called to review pre­ kind of legislation and although slightly Engineering News Record is included be­ liminary engineering and economic studies different from my proposal, it represents low: connected with the project, acute interna­ a constructive approach for the problem. tional interest wa.s apparent. Officials who NUCLEAR EXCAVATION WOULD CUT COST OF took part included Edward Teller of Cali­ Attendance at sporting events, and par­ KRA CANAL fornia's Lawrence Livermore Laboratories ticularly football, has skyrocketed. Last The use of underground nuclear blasts is (LLL); Libby; representatives of the Thai year, the National Football League ex­ receiving serious consideration for the pro­ Office of Atomic Energy for Peace; and rep­ perienced a 95-percent rate of attend­ posed construction of a sea level Canal across resentatives of LTV, Dallas, CITRA, Paris, ance and the National Hockey League Thailand's Kra Isthmus, according to Japa­ and Nissho-Iwai Co., a Japanese trading was a virtual sellout. nese and Thai officials involved in the proj­ company. Professional teams have expressed a ect. . New York-based consulting engineers, Tib­ fear that the rates of attendance, which The 'use of nuclear devices will reduce bet ts-Abbett-McCarthy-Stratton and LLL drastically the construction time and cost, will submit prefeasibility engineering studies are essential to the financial viability of according to Chow Chowkwanyun, manag­ Sept ember 1. Economic studies were handled a sports organization, would suffer dras- ing director of the Thai Oil Refinery co., a by Robert R. Nathan Associat es, Inc., Wash­ tically if home games were televised. key figure in negotiations. Chow says that ington, D.C., and the Hudson Institute, Cro­ Some believe it would be their financial preliminary studies show that conventional ton-on-Hudson, N.Y., was asked t o partici­ ruin. const ruct ion methods would require 12 years pat e because "we wanted an idea how this 29788 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 project would fit into the scheme of things Black Horse Troop, a position he held until Accidents are the fourth most common in the year 2,000," said Chowkwanyun. his retirement in 1970. Huge excavation project. An estimated 34 Marching was not the extent of the horse's cause of death for all ages. Ten thousand billion cu. yd. of earth would have to be talents. If he had to describe The Clock in auto accident deaths and thousands of excavated for the canal. This compares with one word, Feeley would probably choose "ver­ home accident fatalities would be pre­ 327 million cu. yd. for the Suez Canal. In sa.tile." While instructing at Culver, Feeley vented by this bill. addition, 18 billion cu. yd. of material would used the horse in point-to-point hunts, We must improve our inadequate have to be dredged to clear ocean approaches. jumping, polo, cross-country hikes and even emergency medical services. There is no Preliminary plans also call for a $200- high level dressage. reason why we must continue to accept mlllion port development which includes an Crowds didn't bother The Clock. He was poorly trained attendants, insufficiently 80,000-acre industrial area at the Gulf of Just as much at home during Presidential Thailand end and a 42,000-acre area at the Inaugural Parades in Washington as he was equipped ambulances, and improper Andaman Sea end of the canal. leading a Culver parade or calmly munching emergency room practices as part of our Financing is now the project's largest prob­ grass in his pasture. health care system. It is an outrage that lem. Japan stands to reap the greatest bene­ The gelding led the Black Horse Troop in such practices will continue because the fits from the canal (ENR 2/ 25/ 71 p. 18) and five consecutive Presidential Inaugurals, be­ administration has chosen to play is therefore looked to as a major source of ginning with Dwight D. Eisenhower's in 1957. politics with health care. capital. Oil tankers bound for Japan with He was brought out of retirement in January Middle East crude would save 1,500 miles by to prance down the 20-block route at the using the proposed canal. Tankers bound for head of the protocol section leading the Japan now make up 80 % of the traffic in the parade. Strait of Malacca, the present route around The oldest participant in the line of march, INFLATION-HIGH INTEREST RATE the isthmus. The strait is limited to 200,000 The Clock's age was equivalent to 140 hu­ ton tankers. man years, but he performed like a real Thailand is also expected to tap most of trooper. HON. MICHAEL HARRINGTON the international monetary organizations, The Clock was returned to graze in his OF MASSACHUSETTS the Middle East and U.S. interests. In view of Black Horse Troop pasture, and he died July IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the heavy U.S. involvement in the prefeasi­ 15 at age 28, following an apparent hemor-' bility study phase, it is expected that U.S. rhage. The horse is buried in the pasture he Thursday, September 13, 1973 firms will be invited to take part in the roamed !or yea.rs, and the Black Horse Troop Mr. HARRINGTON. Mr. Speaker, af­ bidding. will place a suitable marker at his grave. ter five game plans, two freezes, and four After nearly 20 years as the mount !or and a half phases, inflation is worse, squadron commanders of the Black Horse TIME RUNS OUT FOR "THE CLOCK'' Troop, The Clock was more than a horse; he not better. The recently released whole­ was a tradition. His proud, stately gait, which sale price index showed that grain prices electrified the crowds on Pennsylvania. Ave­ rose 60 percent in August, poultry 42 HON. EARL F. LANDGR~BE nue on five chilly January afternoons, was a percent, livestock 22 percent, and eggs OF INDIANA visual representation of the pride felt by 35 percent; farm products rose 26 per­ Culver alumni everywhere. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cent; and the overall wholesale price Feeley, who continually describes The index rose 6.2 percent, the largest in­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 Clock in almost human terms, paints a pie- - ture of an animal that was not always happy crease in a single month since shortly Mr. LANDGREBE. Mr. Speaker, I take with what he was called on to do but handled after the Second World War. this opportunity to call tribute to the the job calmly and commandingly because Unfortunately for the consumer and Clock, lead horse of the Culver Military he had a keen sense of responsibility. the worker, the administration still has Academy's Black Horse Troop which has Time has run out for The Clock, but the no basic, long-term program for stop­ ridden in seven Presidential inaugural heritage he left behind has been recorded ping inflation. It relies instead on con­ parades. I wish to call my colleagues' at­ in the pages of Black Horse Troop history. trols it refuses to enforce, and histori­ tention to the following article which cally high interest rates, while trying to appeared in the South Bend Tribune: blame the Congress for continued price THE CLOCK ADMINISTRATION PLAYS POLITICS increases. The result will be a prolonged The Clock, lead horse of Culver Military WITH HEALTH CARE money squeeze, a drop in productivity, Academy's Black Horse Troop for nearly 20 an increase in unemployment, and an­ years, died this summer following his fifth other slide into "stagflation" unless the consecutive Presidential Inaugural· Parade. HON. WILLIAM LEHMAN Congress enacts the kind of mandatory But in the spring of 1954, when the sleek, controls the administration should but black gelding, stepped out of his trailer after OF FLORIDA will not impose. a long trip from Oklahoma., he glanced quiz­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES zically at his new environment. Hobart Rowen of the Washington Post His new home, Culver Military Academy, Thursday, September 13, 1973 wrote a column, "Mr. Nixon, the 'Fed' was strange to the horse, who had grown ac­ Mr. LEHMAN. Mr. Speaker, yesterday, and High Interest Rates," which ap­ customed to range life in Oklahoma.. by 273 to 144, the House failed to achieve peared in the September 9 issue of the DEMANDS DIFFERENT the two-thirds vote required to override Post. That article, better than any I have Culver's demands were different. Its show President Nixon's veto of the Emergency seen, outlined the dilemma oi high inter­ piece, the Black Horse Troop, was composed Medical Services Systems bill. est rates, and the hazard they pose for of larger horses that presented a stately ap­ the economic well-being of this country. pearance. The Clock had the physical attri­ I voted in favor of overriding the veto because I believe first-class emergency It deserves the attention of each of my butes, but he had never paraded before. colleagues and, therefore, I insert it in The Clock had a friend also, Bob Feeley, health facilities should be available his trainer and Culver's jumping instructor, throughout our country. the RECORD at this time: was a big, physically powerful man with a Mr. Nixon had vetoed the bill because MR. NIXON, THE "FED" AND HIGH INTEREST gentle, free-flowing voice that could lull even he believes "the Federal role should be RATES the most nervous into a relaxed sense of se­ limited'' in providing emergency health (By Hobart Rowen) curity. care. Sitting in the White House East Room for The Clock was placed under Feeley's charge President Nixon's press conference last Wed­ because the horse was so large that a big But what can be more important for nesday, one thing became perfectly clear; man was required to train him. Feely was our Nation than the health and the lives the administration has no new ideas for con­ pleasantly surprised at the speed with which of our citizens? trolling inflation. the animal learned and adapted to the Medical experts have testified that the Sidestepping any blame for himself, the m.arching maneuvers. Like a finely tuned passage of the Emergency Medical Serv- President took a dlg at his economic advisers metronome, The Clock kept perfect time ices Systems Act would save between for the disastrous price spiral of 1973. with the cadence. 60,000 and 100,000 lives each year. "I'm afraid I can't be any more perceptive In fact, Feeley's son was learning to tell than my economic advisers have been and time, and he called the horse "quarter past The American Heart Association said their guesses with regard to, as you know, 15 o'clock," which was eventually shortened that almost 30,000 people with heart the numbers insofar as inflation have been, to "The Clock." disease could be saved if hospitals could have not been very good." LED MOUNTS improve their services with enough He then tossed the advisers a crumb of By the end of the 1954 summer session, the trained personnel to handle emergency comfort by saying he didn't blame them be­ gelding was leading the 130 mounts of the situations. cause of "factors ... (they) did not foresee." September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29789 Mr. Nixon's advisers have been wrong on recommended that the answer to this whole that they are "useless!' This type of more than guessing the rate of inflation. At problem of inflation is the tax structure, you regulatory action represents a new height almost every turn, from the original "game know. That there's this gimmick and that of arrogance, and is a clear abuse of gov­ plan" of 1969 which produced inflation and one. And by saying gimmick, I don't mean recession at the same time, to the ill-fated anything disrespectful to Arthur Burns, be­ ernmental power. junking of Phase II of wage-price controls cause he's very important to us. at this mo­ My bill will not interfere with the on Jan. 11, Mr. Nixon and his experts have ment • . . But there isn't a chance that a FDA's proper authority to protect con­ botched the job of managing the economy. responsible tax bill would be passed by this sumers from false advertising claims or This isn't to say that there were no prob­ Congress in time to deal with that problem." from adulterated products. It simply prek lems beyond their control, notably a world­ That may be a correct political judgment. vents the FDA from interfering with con­ wide boom that contributed to rising prices But if proposing higher taxes of some sort sumers' freedom of choice in purchasing here. is the :i;ight policy, the President shouldn't But lots of our present economic headaches shrink from it. Just his willingness to de­ vitamins to supplement their diet, as long could have been avoided or mitigated. There velop a more even-handed economic program as they have not been found to constitute were plenty of warnings, for example, that might have a beneficial effect. a health hazard. [the Agriculture Department was following] Right now, the burden of monetary re­ The text of the bill is as follows: policy of scarcity all during 1972, when food straint is very uneven. Housing gets clob­ A bill to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and demand was booming. But the department bered. Smaller businessmen get hit bard Cosmetic Act to include a definition of had a monolothic concentration on boosting when borrowing money. Local communities food supplements, and for other purposes find it tough or impossible to get the money farm income rather than the national food Be it enacted by the Senate and. House o/ supply. they need for community projects. and consistently, Federal Reserve Chair­ To those affected by high interest rates, Representatives o/ the United States o/ America in Congress assembled, That this man Arthur Burns--whose name the Presi­ it is little comfort to hear that with 6 per Act may be cited as the ".Pood Supplement dent Jnvoked twice at the Wednesday press cent inflation, a 10 per cent interest rate conference-begged for a stronger tax policy works out to a "real" money cost of only Amendment o! 1973." that would ease the inflation-fighting bur­ 4 per cent. SEC. 2(a) Para.graph (f) section 201 of the den imposed on monetary policy. Had that That may be significant to the big busi­ Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 advice been heeded, interest rates wouldn't nessman, to whom interest rates are but an­ U.S.C. 321(f)) is amended by (1) redesignat­ be so high today. other operational cost, with the government ing clause (1) and (2) as clauses "(A)" and For all of the policy mistakes, only two picking up as much as 50 per cent of it on his "(B) ", respectively, (2) inserting "(1)" im­ notes of grace can be recalled. First, Treas­ tax return, anyway. mediately after "(f) ", and (3) adding at the ury Secretary George P. Shultz has admitted But to the homeowner or small borrower, end thereof the following: that Phase III was a disaster, and Burns a high interest rate is just another inflated "(2) The term 'food supplement' me-ans concedes that the Fed should have exerted price, along with the rest of them, which food for special dietary uses. greater monetary restraint last year. reduces the amount of money in his pocket. "(3) The term 'special dietary uses,' asap­ Government expenditures should also have If it goes on long enough, a recession is a plied to food for man, means particular (as been reined in last year. A golden opportu­ certainty-but it won't necessarily cure in­ distinguished from general) uses of food, as nity to trim back military spending co­ fla.tion. follows: incident With the winding down of war in "(A) Uses of supplying particular dietary Vietnam was missed. needs which exist by reason of a physical, physiological, pathological, or other condi­ But now the monkey ls on the back of FDA VITAMIN REGULATIONS Mr. Burns and his six fellow governors. Al­ tion, including but not limited to the con­ most the entire fight against inflation de­ ditions of diseases, convalescence, pregnancy, pends on a high interest rate policy-and the lactation, allergic hypersensitivity to food, HON. WAYNE OWENS underweight, and overweight; Fed ls the first to admit that there are seri­ OF UTAH ous limits to what should be expected from "(B) Uses for supplying particular dietary monetary measures. The Fed can establish IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES needs which exist by reason of age, including but not limited to the ages of infancy and a goal-and have no assurance that it can Thursday, September 13, 1973 reach it. Moreover, it is uncertain what effect childhood. a given policy, even if achieved, will have on Mr. OWENS. Mr. Speaker, on Septem­ "(C) Uses for supplementing or fortifying prices. ber 6, I introduced H.R. 10115, a bill to the ordinary or usual diet with any vitamin, Former Fed Governor Sherman Maisel prevent the Food and Drug Administra­ mineral, or other dietary property. points out in a soon-to-be published book, Any such particular use of a food is a spe­ tion from putting into effect their pro­ cial dietary use, regardless of whether such "Managing the Dollar," that the present Fed posed regulations on vitamins and other policy of allowing unlimited credit to those food also purports to be or is represented for who can pay the price must at some point food supplements. Over 160 Members of general use." price others out of the market. the House have demonstrated their con­ "(c) No provision of any regulation under Burns himself, in testimony Aug. 3 before cern over this matter by cosponsoring section 403 (j) of the Act shall be construed the Joint Economic Committee, said that in­ other bills to overturn the regulations. I as exempting any food from a.ny other pro­ terest rates "could go so high that we would hope that my bill will attract further sup­ vision of the Act or regulations thereunder, be laying the foundation for the breakdown porters to this cause. including sections 403(a) and (g) and, when of our economic and social order." applicable, the provisions of Chapter V of the The bill, in the form of an amendment Act." He cited, in that connection, the fact that is the 180-day interest rate in Chile was 90 to the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, SEC. 3. Chapter IV of the Federal Food, per cent, because the inflation rate had hit simple and straightforward. First, it Drug, and Cosmetic Act (21 U.S.C. 341- 348) 200 per cent. adopts the definition of food supplements is amended by adding at the end thereof the "If I accomplish nothing else this morn­ long used by the FDA, and which is part following new section: ing," Burns told that hearing, "I want to of the Agency's rules as published in "SEc. 410. In administering this Act the emphasize the simple truth that inflation chapter 21 of the Code of Federal Regula­ Secretary shall not limit the potency, num­ and high interest rates go together, and that ber, combination, amount, or variety of any tions. synthetic or natural vita.min, mineral, or both the one and the other pose perils for Second, the bill prohibits the FDA from economic and social stability in our country." other nutritional substance, or ingredient of But in the month since then, interest limiting the potency, combination, any food for special dietary uses if the rates have forged relentlessly upward. amount, or variety of any vitamin or amount recommended to be consumed does We may not yet be suffering from a Banana other food supplement if the amount re­ not ordinarily render it injurious to health." Republic style of inflation, but for the first commended to be consumed "does not time in recent history, interest rates, like ordinarily render it injurious to health." other elements of price inflation, are being The "not ordinarily injurious to health" A REPUBLICAN ESTABLISHMENT measured in double numbers-11 per cent or standard is the same as that used in the MAYOR QUESTIONS TRADITION­ so for bank loans to small business, 10 or 11 section of the Food and Drug Act deal­ AL APPROACHES TO SMOG PROB­ per cent in the "overnight" rate at which LEMS banks borrow from each other-and 10 per ing with adulterated food. cent is widely predicted for the banks' prime The nature of the proposed FDA reg­ lending rate, the price of money to the best ulations clearly requires corrective legis­ HON. GEORGE E. BROWN, JR. and biggest customers. lation. The regulations would limit not OF CALIFORNIA When asked Wednesday whether "the tax just the availability of dosages shown to IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES structure should be altered in any way to be harmful, but of all dosages exceeding help strengthen the economy," Mr. Nixon . Thursday, September 13, 1973 responded: 150 percent of the FDA's "recommended ". . . a number of my advisers, including, daily allowance." The sin of such food Mr. BROWN of California. Mr. incidentally, Arthur Burns, have strongly supplements, according to the FDA, is Speaker, as you know, I have spoken CXIX--1877-Pa.rt 23 29790 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 many times during the past few months or whom came with a well prepared case A regionwide, pollution-free, mass transit of the critical health hazard to which the showing that there was a gas shortage and system. that our plan wouldn't work. A unification of smog alert levels through­ citizens of my 38th Congressional Dis­ "At the same time, they failed to invite out the basin. trict are being subjected by the increas­ · representatives of the Government Service An emergency plan to restrict vehicular ingly se1ious smog problem in southern Administration, which does product research traffic during high-smog hours. California. One of the most dangerously and purchasing for the federal government. Using school buses for public transpor­ affected areas is the city of Riverside, The GSA has more than 150 cars fueled by tation during school hours. which, except for the smog problem, is natural gas in this area alone, so there must Government assistance that would pay · one of the most attractive cities in our be some advantage to it. But when I asked people to junk their old, polluting cars or the head of the ARB why the GSA was not convert their engines to natural gas. Nation. Just to remind you of the scope invited, there was no answer." Last year Riverside joined Palm Springs, of this problem, during the entire sum­ That incident was typical of the quagmire Indio and Desert Hot Springs in a suit, mers of both 1970 and 1971 Riverside did Mayor Lewis stepped into when he decided charging the Environmental Protection not enjoy a single day in which the smog that he should do more than just talk to his Agency with failing to come up with an did not exceed the danger level of 0.1 constituents about smog. At first, he could emergency plan for the basin. As a result, the parts of oxidant per million parts of air. not conceive of anybody's being against clean EPA issued its recent controversial plan to This is the same danger level, Mr. air. It seemed to be the ideal issue, like ration gasoline in the basin during the sum. Speaker, which we have set here in motherhood and the American flag. But all mer months, starting in 1975. · along the line he has encountered formidable While his vigorous campaign has resulted · Washington, and which is subject to ex­ opposition which at first puzzled him, then in a rash of newspaper stories by the New tensive news media coverage and a smog angered him and finally led him to re­ York Times and Washington Post and others alert when reached here in the District evaluate some of the concepts and values of and some action by the ARB (such as adopt­ of Columbia. You may recall from my re­ the American system which he accepted un­ ing a mini-Riverside plan to convert state marks of July 26 that it is not rare in the questioningly all his life. and local government vehicles in the basin 38th Congressional District to record "We were so sure we had a good plan, and to natural gas), Mayor Lewis appeared dis­ . levels five times as high as this danger then we were suddenly shot out of the sad- couraged and unhapp.y as he sat in his office level. Smog is literally killing pe-0ple in -dle, I still don't quite know by whom," he and attempted to review the long months of said. "I guess you~ call it the Establishment, his smog crusade. southern California. but who is the Establishment? I really can­ "I think our main accomplishment was Mayor Ben Lewis of Riverside, a not tell any more. If a person knew who his drawing attention to the problem," he said highly respected local officeholder and a adversaries were, it would be so much easier slowly. "If it weren't for us, the EPA would personal friend of mine, is gaining in­ to fight them." not have come up with any plan, and the creasingly wide recognition in the State What makes Mayor Lewis' puzzlement so ARB would not be recommending catalytic of California as one of the foremost unique is the fact that throughout his pri­ converters for new cars now. But I am dis­ leaders in the battle against smog. Be­ vate and public life, the 70-year-old Repub­ appointed we haven't done more. We were so cause of his unusually persistent and un­ . lican mayor has been a loyal member of the sure we had a good plan. I am still sure we very Establishment he now finds himself have a good plan. But when you try to do yielding efforts in this fight he has been fighting. something on behalf of the people, you come the subject of quite a bit of publicity this A life-long advocate of working within the up against this formidable opposition of year. I would like to enter in the RECORD system, Lewis started out, not by protest, power and financial interests which is just · at this point an example of that news but by offering a concrete path of action. He · staggering . . It is certainly not something a · coverage, in the form of an article from wrote a letter to Gov. Ronald Reagan, in · small town mayor can handle on bis own." the Long Beach, Calif. Independent. which he asked that the governor use his "I firmly believe that the governor of the During the course of . his crusade powers under the state Emergency Services state is responsible for the health and welfare Mayor Lewis has come to question some Act and declare the entire Southcoast Basin of the people, but it is apparent that air a disaster area. He said that the smog prob­ pollution is definitely low on his order of quite widely accepted concepts, such as lem was "putting the citizens of the basin priorities. I think that he, like many other the idea that all politicians oppose smog in a position of extreme peril and disaster," people of power in the state, doesn't realize and would do something about it if they adding that during the entire summers of the gravity of the problem and don't even only knew what to do. The fact is that a 1970 and 1971, Riverside did not have a sin- try to find out. Our legislators live most of strong coalition of financial interests . gle day when the oxidant level in the air did the year up in Sacramento, where the oxidant stand in the way of a solution to the · not exceed the danger level set by the ARB level rarely reaches 0.1 ppm. Their worst days smog problem, and I am sorry to have to (0.1 ppm). are still better than our best days. I'm sure He accompanied the letter with a detailed that if the capitol were here in Riverside, admit that these interests are well-rep­ emergency plan to convert all vehicles in the we would have licked the smog problem a resented here in the Congress. basin to natural gas or propane, citing data long.time ago," he says wryly. There are many important points that which indicated that iruch action would re­ Mayor Lewis hardly fits the stereotype of can be drawn from the article, so, with­ duce air pollution in the basin by close to the crusader, so familiar from TV and film out further remarks on my part, I will 90 per cent. episodes. If anything, he looks like the classic enter it in the RECORD, adding only that The governor's response, in addition to call­ Establishment figure. Born and raised in if there were more Ben Lewises in this ing a few meetings, was that he had no au­ Riverside, he still remembers it as a small country the air pollution problem might thority to declare the basin a disaster area community of orange growers. After he fin­ because of smog. Mayor Lewis was hardly ished a local high school, he had a short stint have been licked long ago: surprised. A few months earlier the governor in Hollywood as a bit player and cartoonist. A SMALL TOWN MAYOR BA'ITLES THE GIANTS had made a statement that "we have turned He then returned to Riverside to become the WHO MAKE SMOG the corner" in the air pollution battle. When · president of the First American Title In­ (By Ehud Yonay) Lewis wrote to tell him how bad the situation surance Co., which his father founded in Suppose you were the mayor of a sleepy was in Riverside, it took three months and 1891. Southern California town of 140,000, a com­ four telephone calls to get the governor to He was first elected mayor in 1965. He won munity of tiled roofs, geraniums on the patio reply. His answer was that he "was aware of his second term in 1969 with a majority of and orange groves all around, and one after­ the situation in Riverside County since I 89 percent, and last month started a third noon a woman called to tell you that a sec­ have property there." term with .a 60 per cent majority. He is a ond smog alert had been called that day and This time, however, Lewis refused to let it popular mayor, supported by business and what did you intend to do about it? go at that. His admission that Riverside's labor alike. He likes to appear before school And suppose that, even though the smog smog problem was bad earned his town the children and amuse them by drawing car­ was all coming from the Los Angeles-Orange title of the "smog capital of the world," some­ toons of city council members. He defines County megalopolis 50 miles to the west-­ thing civic boosters considered to be a "black himself as a pragmatist, who is willing to certainly outside your jurisdiction as eye" for their community, and the mayor fight for what he believes in. One of those mayor-you decided to do something about was determined to see it through. He initiated things is the right of the people to breathe it. What would it be like? a meeting with the state attorney general, fresh air and drink clean water. He has al­ "Take the hearings we had with the state the result of which was the admission that ways been a Republican, a believer in the Air Resources Board last August," says Mayor the governor did indeed have the authority politics of cooperation and compromise. Now Ben Lewis of Riverside. "The governor or­ to declare the basin a disaster area. With he is no longer so sure this system works dered it so that we could present our plan to the exception of a few meetings, that's where the way it was meant to. eliminate smog from the basin by converting the matter rested. "I used to think that smog is a matter all vehicles to natural gas instead of gaso­ Since then, the tall, graying mayor has of economics and that, given time, private line. We knew as soon as the thing started emerged as an outspoken crusader against enterprise could take care of it on its own. I that we were doomed to defeat. The ARB smog. He helped form a coalition of mayors am no longer so sure. If you ask them, they'll stacked the meeting with representatives of to press for action and has been vigorously probably prove to you that eliminating smog the auto, gas, oil and hardware industries, all pushing for: is too expensive and not feasible, that it costs September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29791 too much to retool factories and refineries.'' business-oriented. I think it is wrong, but it for illegal, or, at the minimum, question­ he says, rapping the table with the palm wlll all change if the proposed laws to reg­ able activities. of his hand to emphasize each measured ulate campaign spending are adopted. Some Thus, I propose that the Comptroller sentence. of the things the government does don't seem General, who is subject to a security "But then you hear that General Motors to be in our interest. The revenue sharing just netted some $800 million during the first program, for example. The idea was that the clearance, may examine confidential and quarter, and you know that with only 10 governm.ent would collect the taxes, then special nature expenditures to deter­ per cent of that they could retool their fac­ give us some of the money to use as we see mine if in fact they are of a confidential tories to produce nonpolluting cars. The Jap­ fit. What happens instead is that we have to or special nature as was intended in the anese can do it, so why can't G.M.? I under­ use the money to make up for cuts in pro­ legislation appropriating the funds. If stand how business works, being a business­ grams which the government was supposed it appears to the Comptroller General man myself, but I am afraid that G.M. and to maintain." that the expenditures do not meet such other big businesses no longer consider their The $1.2 million which Riverside received obligation to the public when it comes to under this plan, for example, shrinks in requirements, then, of course, he would fighting smog. They have a sort of 'public significance before the $3 million cuts in report the apparent irregularity to the be damned' attitude, and I don't think we on-going programs such as day care centers, Congress. ca.n trust them to do the right thing for the Urban League, Office of Economic Oppor­ The confidentiality and integrity of people. tunity and others. While in this case the proper expenditures will be protected. "Frankly, I think G .M. and the on com­ concept is good, even though the execution The Comptroller General must act in panies have too much power in this country. is bad, Mayor Lewis does not .accept President accordance with the requirements of 31 I a.m not convinced that the on crisis they a.re Nixon's philosophy of local responsibility U.S.C. 72, 74, and 75, the rules and reg­ talking about really exists. I think it is a in all areas. In some fields, it amounts to an man-ma.de crisis, created by the on companies at tempt to throw away all responsibility. ulations promulgated in accordance with to raise prices and force small producers out "You take the environmental issue, and the statutory requirements, and appli­ of business. Well, we thought that the gov­ you know that those things cannot be done cable executive orders. For example, in ernment ls the only body powerful enough locally. It is the responsibility of the gov­ accordance with established procedures, to stand up to them, and we sued the EPA, ernment to cle.an up the air in the cities. In an agent of the Comptroller General in­ hoping that perhaps they would force the 1970 we finally passed the Clean Air Act. To­ specting agency accounts must now meet auto companies to do something about pollu­ day it is already 1973 and nothing has been the requirements of that particular tion. Instead, they came up with a ga.s ration­ done. This is what we are fighting a.bout. I ing plan that would be a hardship on the think the President has been getting bad agency regarding security clearances. people only. Now, if the gasoline shortage is advice. I hope we could give him some that's President Nixon's admonition that the serious enough to ration gas for the people, better." Government exercise fiscal respansibility how come it is not serious enough to do "Yes, I guess I am unhappy and diss.atisfied. should be heeded. We should be fiscally something at the other end? I am very dis­ We were hoping to get so much done and responsible, not only in terms of fru­ appointed," he says. we couldn't move it far enough. Some­ gality, but in insuring that every cent Does the great influence of big business on times I feel like a Don Quixote, tilting at government mean that the system should be of taxpayers' money is wisely and legally windmills. It's not only the politicians and spent. No civil servant, no bureaucrat, no changed? Mayor Lewis is wary of such talk, the businessmen. It is difficult to make the but his actions, more than his words, indicate public aware that we are all in it together, public official should be given the oppor­ his realization that the system he supported that smog knows no manmade bound,aries. tunity to avoid accountability for his or all his life no longer works the way it should. There are so many bigger cities and govern­ her actions in spending public money. "I think we were naive when we thought ments involved in it. I really cannot under­ During the 93d Congress, the House of that we could get action just by asking. We stand why a small town mayor has to be the Representatives has approved appropria­ had such a good plan, but if you only repre­ one to lead the fight by himself. It doesn't sent people you find that your adversaries are tions of $10,835,000 to be spent solely alWQys stronger and have more money and make any sense." upon the certificate of a department or power than you, a small town mayor, can establishment head. Of this amount, have. Next time we are going to do it differ­ $320,000 was approved for the expendi­ ently," he says with determination. ture for "objects" of a "confidential na­ Riverside now spends $12,000 a year for a BILL TO AMEND THE BUDGET AND ture" upon the certificate of the agency lobbyist in Washington (who also represents ACCOUNTING ACT OF 1921 three other cities) and is considering hiring head, and $35,000 for certain projects to a full-time Sacramento lobbyist to protect be expended "upon the approval or au­ its interests at the legislative and executive HON. BOB ECKHARDT thority of the Administrator and his de­ branches of the state government. Mayor OF TEXAS termination shall be final and conclu­ Lewis, who is a member of the boo.rd of di­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES sive." The total amount of such appropri­ rectors of the U.S. Conference of Mayors, is ations would have amounted to $370,000 trying to mobllize that group to press for Thursday, September 13, 1973 rather than $355,000 had I not succeeded government action on smog. "I hate to use that word, but our organization has clout, Mr. ECKHARDT. Mr. Speaker, today, in deleting from the Department of and I guess that's what it takes to make the along with 23 cosponsors, I am intro­ Transportation appropriations bill (H.R. government understand our point of view," ducing legislation designed to protect 8760), on a point of order, a. provision for he explains. He is also organizing a coalition against a potential for abuse in the ex­ "confidential expenditures." My efforts or Southern California mayors and hopes to penditure of taxpayers' funds. The bill to delete the off ending provisions from have the mayors lead their constituents in a proposes to amend the Budget and Ac­ H.R. 8916 and H.R. 8947 as well were un­ well-organized, letter-writing campaign to successful. impress upon Congress and the President the counting Act of 1921 to provide that the gravity of the smog problem and the need for Comptroller General of the United The remaining $10,480,000 consists of immediate action. Recently, for the first time, States may audit funds which, because funds appropriated for the "Executive he sent a $5 donation to Common Cause. of their confidential or special nature, Office of the President": $9,110,000 for "We have a good system and we have to are expended solely upon the certificate salary and official entertainment ex­ make it work," he says. "It's like the Water­ of the head of the department or estab­ penses of the President "to be accounted gate affair. They were denying everything, lishment for which the funds were ap­ for solely on his certificate," and but these things have a way of surfacing. I propriated. $1,370,000 for the Executive residence, am sure the same thing will eventually hap­ traveling expenses and official entertain­ pen to the auto manufacturers and their Certain situations demand confiden­ foot-dr,agging on the smog-control issue." tiality in the expenditure of funds. Yet, ment expenses of the President "to be What about the EPA's extension of the while there is a presumption of honesty accounted for upon his certificate." 1975 deadline for auto manufacturers, the and good faith on the part of officials en­ I urge my colleagues to remove tempta­ President's energy message that gave the gas trusted to do the public's business and tion from the path of self-serving pub­ companies price increases and the Water­ make the decisions regarding those ex­ lic servants. gate--what do they all mean? penditures, recent experience illustrates A list of the cosponsors and the text of Mayor Lewis, who describes his political the need to protect against abuses which the bill follows: views as similar to those of Sen. Charles may arise as a result of the ability of a H.R. 10250 Percy, a.nd supports legislation to control A bill to amend the Budget and Accounting campaign spending and contributions, sees single official to act solely according to personal whim, in the name of the pub­ Act, 1921, to provide the Comptroller Gen­ them as indications for the government's eral addit ional authority to audit certain apparent insensitivity to the needs of the lic good, of course. The term, "expendi­ expenditures people. "I think you can safely say that the tures of a confidential or special nature," Be it enacted by the Senate and House Republican Party h,as been traditionally more may become no more than a code word of Rep resentativ es of the Unit ed States of 29792 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 18, 197'3 America in Congress assernbled, That section even endorsed George McGovern, though PALMETTO BOYS STATE GOVERNOR 313 of the Budget and Accounting Act, 1921 both men were a lot more liberal than Ken­ (31 U.S.C. 54), is amended by designating the nedy himself. MARTIN ELECTED PRESIDENT OF existing paragraph of that section as para­ Any time a politician tells you that you THE AMERICAN LEGION BOYS graph "(a)" and adding thereto the follow­ really ought to meet someone of the opposite NATION ing new paragraph: political faith, you're well-advised to do it. "(b) Notwithstanding any provision of law And the hour's visit with Kennedy proved to heretofore or hereafter enacted permitting be, as they promised, even more refreshing HON. JAMES R. MANN an expenditure to be accounted for solely on than that drink I'd been day-dreaming about. OF SOUTH CAROLIN A the certificate of the head of a department In a few well-chosen words, he did more IN THE HOUSE OP REPRESENTATIVES or establishment because of the confidential to sum up that elusive commodity, the pub­ or other special nature of the expenditure, lic mood, than anything I'd heard in ages. Thursday, September 13, 1973 the Comptroller General shall be furnished I asked him if it were true, as one heard Mr. MANN. Mr. Speaker, it is my proud such information relating to such expendi­ in the capital, that the voters were bored ture as he may request and access to all with the Watergate story and beginning to be privilege to have as a constituent in my necessary books, documents, papers and rec­ angry with those who were prolonging it. district, Thomas Edward Martin, presi­ ords, relating to such expenditure in order "People aren't as cynical as the national dent of the 1973 Boys Nation. This out­ that he may determine whether the expendi­ press thinks," he said. "They are upset about standing young man has a record of ture was, in fact, of such confidential or other what has come out. I can tell you, as a lawyer, achievement that belies his 17 years. special nature." I'm damned upset. That was pretty close to a Some of his accomplishments are set secret police operation they were running up forth in a front page story in the Au­ there. gust 1973 issue of the S.C. Legionnaire, "But," Kennedy continued, "their attitude and I include the story in the RECORD WATERGATE INVESTIGATION now is that they understand what happened and know what they think of it and now at this point: they want to get on to better things." PALMETTO BOYS STATE GOVERNOR MARTIN "But do they really understand the Pres­ ELECTED PRESIDENT OF THE AMERICAN LE­ HON. ROBIN L. BEARD ident's part in it?" I asked. "Don't they want GION BOYS NATION OF TENNESSEE him to make those tapes public. Aren't they When, on 24 July, 1973, His Excellency, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES anxious about what he's going to say in his Governor Thomas Edward Martin of Palmetto speech?" Boys State, was elected to the high office of Thursday, September 13, 1973 "There's no great expectation," Kennedy President of the 1973 Boys Nation, he Mr. BEARD. Mr. Speaker, as the fate said. "The only thing that would jar them brought to South Carolina its first Boys Na­ and future of the Watergate investi­ would be if he said he's resigning. That tion President and yet another top official in would upset 'em. tlle American Legion Youth programs fol­ gation rests in the hands of the other "But they think they know enough to lowing 1972 National Oratorical Contest body, I have encountered a growing know he should have done something to Winner, Thomas W. Joiner of Rock Hill. unanimity among Tennesseans that the clear up this situation long before he did. Standard bearer for the Federalist Party, country is ready to get on to better They think it was wrong. But now they don't Martin defeated the Nationalist Party Can­ things. want to hear any more about somebody they didate, J. Craig Crawford of Orlando, Florida. Natives of America's heartland recog­ think has done a pretty good job as Presi­ The vote was 53-47. nize the gravity of Watergate and its dent." Our newly elected President is a rising implications on our political system, but "What do they think about the commit­ senior at Spartanburg High School and is tee?" I asked. the son of Mr. and Mrs. Clarence T. Martin, they also realize that self-flagellation "Well,'' said Kennedy, "our main interest, Rt. 2, Box 116, Roebuck, S.C. over an issue which has been as thor­ of course, is in Howard Baker. You'll hear President Martin has compiled an impres­ oughly aired as this is pointless. Such a that the Republicans in Tennessee are mad sive record of achievement at his high school, conclusion is supported by several repu­ at him, for being too hard on the President, as a participator in the student government, table political "weather vanes" in my but you've got to remember that Howard is as an instructor in archery and as advisor own district. Among them-the straight­ the most popular political figure in this to the State Superintendent of Education in shooting, straight-talking publisher of state-in either party." 1972. In 1973 he was the winner of the Voice "Most of us feel like Howard has done a of Democracy Speaking Contest and the Dis­ the Columbia Daily Herald, Sam Ken­ fine, fair job. But we think he's like the oth­ tinguished Youth Award. At Palmetto Boys nedy. Mr. Kennedy's wisdom was the ers on that committee-they're all of them State he was elected as Mayor of his city, a subject of a fine article by Washington getting so they play their parts a little too Member of the House of Representatives Post columnist, David Broder. I recom­ well. It seems like they would be doing How­ where he was then elected as Speaker pro mend this to my colleagues and that it ard a favor to get him off from in front of tempore prior to being elected Governor. He be printed in the RECORD: those cameras before his head gets turned." also served as Parliamentarian of the House "Will Watergate hurt the Republicans?" SMALL-TOWN EDITOR'S WISDOM of Representatives. His present plans are to I asked. study law. In addition to the above, Thomas (By David S. Broder) "I think it's going to have absolutely no is President of the South Carolina High COLUMBIA, TENN.-Sam Kennedy, the pub­ effect on the Republicans in Tennessee," Schools Student Councils and an advisor to lisher of The Daily Herald in this southwest Kennedy said. "People don't blame it on the Governor John C. West on racial relations. Tennessee town of 21,000, looks so much like Republicans. They blame it on some individ­ He serves as Vice President of the student the stereotype of the small-town American uals and they blame it on that system of body of his high school. editor that you suspect, at first, they must politics in Washington, which they haven't The entire Department of South Carolina have hired him from Central Casting. trusted for 10 or 15 years now, whichever is proud of this accomplishment by our But he is the authentic item-straight­ party was in there." Palmetto Boys State Governor and grateful backed, gray-haired, his glance direct, his "What about the high prices?" I asked. to him for his efforts in bringing this honor words slow and deliberate. Kenn~dy is a "Who's getting blamed for that?" to himself, our Department and our State. lawyer, a former prosecutor, a brass collar "That's funny," Kennedy said, "because The South Carolina Legionnaire takes this Democrat, who doles out his wisdom, eight or there's no crystallization at all that I can opportunity to extend its profound congratu­ nine paragraphs at a time, in a column he see. It's not like a. few years ago, when the lations to President Martin and looks for­ calls "The Barrister's Bit." labor unions were getting the blame, at least ward to his bringing even further credit and I'd gotten to Columbia late one afternoon down here, among the farmers. honor to the Department and State during last week, after a long day's tour with the "I'd say people are confused now. They his year in office. Sixth District congressman, Robin Beard. It had high hopes for controls, but those didn't was hot and I was tired. I had all the anec­ work, or they were taken off too soon. I'll That he became governor of South dotes I needed for my story about a fresh­ say this, if nothing improves, somebody in Carolina Boys State and president of man Republican congressman at home with the government's going to get blamed-may­ Boys Nation is strong evidence that indi­ his constituents, and the thought of getting be Congress. More likely, the President and vidual ability and achievement can over­ back to the Nashville airport for a drink and his people. come obstacles of race and heartening a flight home was very appealing. "I'm not that mad myself. This is the first But Beard and his red-headed assistant, year since 1966 I'm going to make a little evidence that those obstacles are fading Al Ganier, urged me to meet Kennedy. I money on my cattle. But I think the house­ away. ought to talk to someone from the other side, wives are going to take it out on somebody." I congratulate the American Legion, they said, and Kennedy had backed Beard's I thanked him for his wisdom-and for the people of South Carolina and the Democratic opponent last November, and writing this column. delegates to Boys Nation for this demon- September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29793 And he has been confronted with an enor­ The Secretary accepts good naturedly the stration of true Americanism. I repeat occasional reference to his being a trans­ this I mous challenge: To help reduce, if not reverse pride and admiration that have for a balance of trade deficit which last year planted Yankee in the Deep South. As he told my constituent, Thomas Edward Martin. reached a staggering $6.3 billion. the Senate Commerce Committee during his "The United States must achieve a signif­ confirmation· hearing last January: icant improvement in the export of American "I well recall that we were the first postwar products abroad," the Secretary says. "If we Yankees in town. Another couple came and MAKING A DENT IN OUR TRADE are going to import goods and services with we were always invited out together so there'd PROBLEMS the voracious appetite we have recently ex­ be someone to talk to us." perienced, and add to this imports of petro­ After seven months in office the 51-year-old leum and other energy products, we are sim­ Secretary has not fully accepted the ac­ HON. WM. JENNINGS BRYAN DORN ply going to have to make a greater national coutrements that go with that office. Not un­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA commitment to export markets." til his staff insisted that, if he wanted to get work done on a plane he would have to :fly IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES It's a theme he stresses in many of bis talks around the country. first-class, did he partially give up traveling Thursday, September 13, 1973 THINGS ARE LOOKING UP economy class. He still :flies in the back of the plane when he can. Mr. DORN. Mr. Speaker, may I com­ As gloomy as the foreign trade situation Once, because of poor plane connections, mend to my colleagues and to the people has been, Mr. Dent sees some hopeful por­ he sat munching peanuts and reading for an of our country the following splendid tents. Recent figures show the trade deficit hour and a half in the busy Atlanta air article by Vernon Louviere which ap­ was only $810 million in the first six months terminal. As a Cabinet officer, he could have of this year-less than a fourth of what it requested an Air Force plane to transport peared in the September issue of Nation's was in the same period of 1972. Business. During these trying times, Sec­ him. As a matter of fact, he eschews the use Secretary Dent also points to the fact that of military planes, except in case of emer­ retary Fred Dent is a man who instills in capital investment is now running about 19 gency. all of us confidence in the future of our per cent over last year, which he says not On another occasion, in New York, he put country. I am proud of Secretary Dent's only will help meet American demand for a phone call through the White House devoted service to our country and I wish goods and services but will pave the way for switchboard to his Washington office. When him every continued success. expanded exports. he !ailed to identify himself, the operator Another encouraging sign is the brighter told him to dial the number direct. The Sec­ Herein follows the article which is at­ picture of our doing business with the Japa­ tached: retary did. nese. In the first six months of 1972 the trade According to his staff, Mr. Dent is un­ THE SECRETARY OF COMMERCE: MAKING A deficit with Japan was $2.03 billion. In the flappable and rarely loses his temper, cer­ DENT IN OUR TRADE PROBLEMS same period of this year that figure had been tainly not publicly. But there has been at A few weeks after Fred Dent took over as slashed to $900 million. least one notable exception. A reporter at a Secretary of Commerce last February he held The Secretary seems acutely aware that news conference, baiting the Secretary, asked a staff luncheon in the executive dining his is a job requiring global vision. him if it were true that all American busi­ room on the fifth floor of the sprawling "Obviously, we have to give far more con­ nessmen are dishonest. Commerce Department headquarters build­ sideration and weight to our international Mr. Dent, not concealing his anger, shook ing. economic policies,'' he told Nation's Business. his finger at the reporter and said: "Young "This is the team," he told the dozen or so "I think that heretofore military and po­ man, you couldn't be further from the litical considerations have overshadowed people around the single large table. "We truth." want to work as a team. I want everybody to commercial considerations with respect to In his quarter century with Mayfair Mills, get along." our national policy and foreign policy." On another occasion he has said: "I think he introduced new technology, modernizing These were not the heads of the Census the aging firm, and expanded the one-mill Bureau, the Maritime Administration, the that more and more foreign trade will lead to reduction of tensions throughout the operation to four plants. He is regarded in Patent Office or the various other major divi­ the textile industry as a pioneer in broaden­ sions under his new command. world of a political nature and will create ing minority employment. Instead, they were his chauffeur, chef­ more understanding between the peoples of Despite the shock waves moving through steward, and members of his immediate office the world. . . . This is clearly evident in re­ the American economy, Secretary Dent be­ staff-down to file clerks. cent relations with the Soviet Union." lieves the business climate has never been The episode gives an insight into the International trade is not a new field for better. He assesses the situation in these warmth and considerateness in the character Fred Dent to furrow. As a textile manufac­ words: of Frederick Baily Dent, as does this one: turer, he played a. leading role in getting "We seem to have achieved a high degree One Saturday, not long afterward, the Sec­ some of the major textile exporting nations of prosperity. Take-home pay is at its peak. retary was taking a plane to New Jersey. He to voluntarily agree to stop flooding the Unemployment is coming down. Last year, instructed an aide: American market. more jobs were created than in any year in "Tell Frank [long-time Department Although Mayfair Mills is not among the bistory-2.7 Inlllion. chauffeur Frank Simmons] not to bother. textile gia.nts, Secretary Dent won member­ "Corporate profits appear to be trending in I'll take my own car and drive myself home ship in the exclusive and prestigious Busi­ tht' right direction, although they are still when I get back tonight." ness Council, which is made up of titans of below the 1966 average. And, if anything, it But chauffeur Simmons had other ideas American business. In 1967, he rose to the is the hyperactivity rather than a slowness and replied: "Tell the Secretary to forget it. presidency of the American Textile Manu­ that should be cause for concern at this I'll drive him and I'll be at the airport when facturers Institute, which speaks for the en­ time." he gets back." tire textile industry. If he is a zoolot on any subject it is the one The Secretary allowed himself to be taken Despite a soft Southern accent and an af­ he promotes at every opportunlty-free en­ and picked up. fable demeanor which fits the popular image terprise. But he is concerned that some of Until a phone call from the White House of a Southern gentleman, Secretary Dent was the people who most share in its fruits­ last November offering him the Cabinet post, born in Cape May, N.J., and raised in Green­ American businessmen-do not adequately Fred Dent was comfortably settled into the wich, Conn. He is Ivy League in dress. defend it. life style of a successful business executive. When time permits, he and Mrs. Dent en­ "Where in this land are voices being heard He had been, since 1958, president of Mayfair gage in favorite pastimes-swimming and ... calling for patience for us to work out of Mills in Arcadia, S.C., the fourth-generation tennis. He is not deterred in such pursuits our difficulties without destroying the char­ Dent in the textile industry. by the loss of a leg to cancer a few years ago acter of this magnificent system which has Today, he heads a federal agency with (he has an artificial leg). given us so much?" he asked one group of 35,000 employees and a billion-dollar-plus Secretary Dent, six feet three inches tall, businessmen. budget. Among Cabinet members his is per­ carries 195 pounds-as he did when he played "Can we find in the business community haps the most diverse job of all. Daily, he on Yale University's varsity football team. A staunch defenders of this system? Where are contends with such matters as tariffs, com­ graduate of St. Paul's School in Concord, the businessmen who are counseling their modity crises, economic development, the N.H., he earned a bachelor's degree from friends and neighbors to have confidenc.e that fate of whales and seals, tornadoes, the met­ Ya.le in 1943, majoring in political institu­ the resilience of this system can best restore ric system, census activity and shipbuilding, tions. economic order without the distortions which to name only a few. After service with the Navy in the Pacific a.re inevitably brought upon us by govern­ ~ "We run the Department by devoting an during World War II, he decided to join the ment regulations? inordinate amount of time and attention,'' family-owned Mayfair Mills. But first, to "We have so much to lose and yet there Mr. Dent says simply. learn the business, he spent about a. year are so few who are concerned with defending He sees as his most important mission the with Joshua L. Baily and Co., Inc., a New and broadening the appreciation of what we creation of a climate in which American York textile sales firm founded by his ma­ have. business interests are competitive worldwide. ternal great-grandfather. "The genius of America has been our abil- 29794 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 ity to accomplish through incentives all the all markets to freer trade while at the same immediate effect the 5.9 percent social things to which we ascribe proper priority. time denying open access to U.S. markets to security cost-of-living increase presently Yet, during the recent debate here in Wa.sh­ those countries which have thrown up bar­ in!?ton as to how far back we would roll riers against American goods. scheduled to take place on July l, 1974. prices, who was speaking up to point out "This approach," the Secretary explains, I am motivated, in submitting this bill the danger of shortages, disincentives, ration­ "is premised upon the concept that the and in advocating its immediate adop­ ing, black markets and all the rest of the American economy can compete successfully tion, by the simple reasons that another economic evils that would have befallen our throughout the world, and upon the belief several months' delay is completely society?" that private enterprise in this country will unjustified and because our some 21 mil­ In the immediate problem areas where not be content with dependence solely on lion senior citizens, whose numbers are Fred Dent is involved his expressions of con­ the American consumer but will seek to fidence in this "genius of America.'' come on take advantage of genuine opportunities for daily growing, are in imperative need strong, both in casual conversation and in the sale of American products throughout of this financial help right now, not serious discussion. the world." the middle of next year. Mr. Dent concedes, of course, there are a. Closer to home, Fred Dent ls disturbed that In view of the almost daily accelerat­ number of rough spots in the American this cquntry ls caught up in an energy crisis ing costs, from unchecked inflation, of economy, notably inflation and the trade that he feels need not have come about. even the basic necessities of life, it is imbalance. But he insists the Nixon eco­ He says the problem ls not with nature, since obviously unfair and discriminatory to nomic policies a.re sound and, given time and there are abundant supplies of energy re­ the forbearance of the American people, will sources, but rather was brought on by require social security recipients to wait return this country to a solid financial foot­ policies which have prevented their develop­ until next year for help to meet this ing. ment and distribution. year's persistently plaguing inflation, First and foremost, he believes, further He cit es, for example, the case of natural which has become the worst in all our major improvements in the trade picture gas in which, he says, unrealistic government history. will occur as the United States turns more policy has discouraged producers from seek­ Any extended delay in providing this and more to foreign markets to consume its ing new sources. too limited measure of assistance to our goods. Until recent times this has not been Or how environmentalists have held up the economically besieged and desperate necessary. construction of the Alaskan pipeline and "As you know, we now export about 14 per forced lengthy court fights to prevent build­ older citizens would be tantamount to cent of goods produced in this country," he ing nuclear power plants. (The French, he the fruitless and meaningless gesture of says. "Japan exports 35 per cent of their pro­ says, can build a nuclear plant in half the throwing a 50-foot rope toward a strug­ duction. The United Kingdom and Canada time because they don't tolerate such inter­ gling sinking swimmer 100 feet from export well over 50 per cent of their produc­ ference.) shore. tion. We have lacked the tradition of being And how these same forces have succeeded Let us emphasize that the Agriculture export-oriented because we have had the in discouraging coal production and con­ Department itself predicts food prices largest domestic market in the world avail­ sumption as well as halting construction of alone will rise at least 20 percent this able to us as a nation." badly-needed new petroleum refineries. year and wholesale prices have already The Secretary notes that devaluation of COWERING IN FEAR the American dollar is helping open up mar­ reached their highest level in history. kets abroad by making U.S. goods more com­ "In the past, our country has always been Medical costs and prescription drug petitive, and feels that devaluation will en­ willing to face up to technical problems prices are constantly increasing and in the confidence that they could be solved," courage American manufacturers to boost everyone knows that the high costs of future export efforts. he says. "Yet, today we cower in fear and as a result we may run out of gas or be these essentials for our senior citizens TALKING TRADE UP faced with brownouts at home or see our fac­ are nowhere near covered by medicare. Because of heightened interest in U.S. trade tories put on short time to conserve Let us realize and emphasize that with the communist bloc nations of Europe energy." those who experience the most extreme and, more recently, with Mainland China, Secretary Dent maintains an active sched­ hardships from these distressing eco­ Secretary Dent spends considerably more ule, at home and on the road. He talks to nomic developments are the elderly and time with Red embassy officials in Washing­ numerous audiences around . the country, others who must try to live through and ton than probably any of his predecessors more often than not businessmen. did. While his message is generally serious, survive this extraordinary inflationary To push the cause of East-West trade, Mr. there are light moments where a low-keyed period on fixed meager incomes and who Dent's efforts don't end at the conference sense of humor surfaces easily and naturally. must spend some 30 percent of such in­ table. On many evenings, he and Mrs. Dent Not long ago, he appeared in New York come on food. attend social functions at Red embassies before the Far East American Council of Com­ Nearly three out of four Americans where conversation is frequently focused on merce and Industry. At the last minute, its over the age of 65 have annual incomes trade matters. chairman could not be on hand. It was the below $3,000, including 2.5 million per­ Recently, he had several meetings with the redoubtable Jim Farley, former Postmaster Deputy Premier of Yugoslavia and at the sons with no income at all. The 5.9 in­ General and long-time stalwart of the Demo­ crease which is pending represents ap­ conclusion attended a reception at the em­ cratic Party. Fred Dent hastily composed bassy. new opening remarks, and when he rose to proximately $9 a month for the indi­ "We were served caviar," Mr. Dent recalls. speak said: vidual social security recipient, which "The next morning I hosted a breakfast for "I am convinced that had he [Mr. Farley] means that the average individual re­ the Yugoslav delegation and served them chosen to be a Republican, Herbert Hoover cipient's monthly benefit will be raised grits. Comparing the price per ounce of grits would have been reelected. from $167 to $176 and for an aged couple and caviar, even a Yankee trader would call "The Literary Digest would have put the it will go up from $278 to $294. Since this fair trade." Harris and Gallup polls out of business. the authorities testify that practically Although his Department seeks to develop "Barry Goldwater would have won by a new foreign markets wherever the prospects every person who will receive the in­ landslide and the bugs in the Watergate crease will spend, immediately, every are favorable, the strongest thrust is by the would be a problem for exterminators instead year-old Bureau of East-West Trade. One of of investigators. And without conceding any­ cent of it for the purchase of funda­ its major functions is to collect and analyze thing to the opposition. I will admit that Jim mental living necessities, it is ex­ commercial information gathered in the Farley made the mail train move on time." tremely difficult, if not impossible, to try communist countries and pass along the to attach any vestige of inflationary findings to American business. The hope is criticism whatever to this very limited this will bolster trade relations and open up benefit increase to these too long and new markets. AN IMMEDIATE SOCIAL SECURITY Secretary Dent makes it clear that while too greatly neglected American citizens INCREASE IS DESPERATELY and families. trade with Peking may be negligible at the NEEDED AND SHOULD BE beginning, great opportunities for American Mr. Speaker, it would be a dramatic business in China will unfold in the years GRANTED TO OUR ELDERLY contradiction of our boasted American ahead. CITIZENS system and tradition of fair play to per­ "We should do everything we can to see mit even the appearance of our poor that American manufacturers participate in HON. HAROLD D. DONOHUE and elderly people being used as scape­ this insofar as is possible and practical," he goats, for the economic turmoil afflicting says. OF MASSACHUSETTS this country today, and more especially Efforts to generate more foreign trade could IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES so when cost increases and "pass-ons" bear little fruit if Congress emasculates or Thursday, September 13, 1973 refuses to pass President Nixon's trade bill are almost - daily being granted to so in its present form, Mr. Dent believes. Pur­ Mr. DONOHUE. Mr. Speaker, I have many industries, like steel and auto pose of the legislation, he says, ls to open up today introduced legislation to put into manufacturing and while no effective September 13, 1.973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29795 Mr. Buckley quotes Dr. de Felice who who was scheduled to die an awful death, actions or efforts are being supported, but was cured by drugs. by those opposed to social security in­ states that: It is his assumption-which by the way creases, to accomplish sensible reduc­ The effort now required to evaluate a new Dr. de Felice challenges as being too opti­ tions in the enormous defense budget, investlgationa.l drug in man would eliminate mistic-that th~ FDA cannot stop progress and our overextended forefgn-aid pro­ the Pasteurs, Jenners, Ehrlichs, and Dom­ for very long, that brilliant new drugs will gram nor to achieve an equitable revi­ agks from our drug discovery system. fl.ow in from other quarters of tbe world. sion of our discriminatory tax system. I wish to share with my colleagues the But he insists that there is at least a. two Before we withhold or postpone ur­ thoughtful column by Mr. Buckley con­ year time lag directly traceable to the FDA's gently needed financial assistance to the cerning the Food and Drug Administra­ fanaticism. millions of Americans whose economie; tion and its role in drug development, as plight is indeed desperate, because of it appeared in the Washington Star­ ABORTION raging inflation, let us all first direct our News of July 19, 1973, and insert it into concentration and our energies to reduc­ the RECORD at this time: tions in those areas of Government THE PARALYSIS IN DRUG DEVELOPMENT HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN spending that can best absorb them and (By William F. Buckley, Jr.) OF MARYLAND to the establishment of a fair and simple A professor at the University of Cali­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tax system that will truly impose its bur­ fornia charged last week almost parenthet­ dens in strict accord with the ability ically that 10,000 deaths from malaria in Thursday, September 13, 1973 to bear them. Meanwhile, let us swiftly Ceylon in 1968 can be attributed to the late Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, the issue attend to the priority needs of our social Rachel Carson, - whose book "The Silent of abortion has aroused a great deal of security recipients by approving my pro­ Spring" brought on the crisis of ecology, to interest since the January 22 Supreme be distinguished from the ecology crisis. posed bill or any similar measure that The latter is what we all know about. The Court decision which legalizes abortion will immediately grant our social se­ former is what happens when one's concerns up to the moment of birth. curity recipients the 5.9 benefit increase for the ecology become fanatical. When this Judging from the mail received in my to which they are justly entitled. happens, for instance, you find yourself say­ office and in other congressional offices ing that it is better to prohibit the use '?f as well, abortion has become a major DDT because the chemical fallout may poi­ issue in this country today. The grassroot son ~ur grandchildren's clams, than to kill support is gathering in support of legis­ THE PARALYSIS IN DRUG the mosquitoes who may give malaria to our lation to overturn this unjust decision DEVELOPMENT grandchildren's grandparents like tomorrow. The need for balance in the ecological wars and I am gaining increasing confidence is very great. that this issue will be before Congress As also in the related world of drugs. We in the not too distant future. HON. PHILIP M. CRANE are, one gathers, very soon to hear that the I would like to include in the RECORD, OF rLLINOIS big scare of a. few years ago about cyclamates at this point, an article from the News IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES was exaggerated. It isn't known--0r, more American which clearly states the effect accurately, I do not know-whether this Thursday, September 13, 1973 means that further research has discredited the antiabortion movement may have the research that discredited cyclamates. Or during the coming election year: Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, there is in­ whether a balanc~d applicaition of the cost/ SUPREME COURT ABORTION STAND FOES TEAM creasing evidence that the Food and benefit ratio, as the scientists call it, estab­ UP Drug Administration, rather than help­ lishes that whereas for everyone who drinks (By Louis Cassels} ing to improve the Nation's health, has 50 cyclamated Tabs per day and runs the Slowly gathering force across the country hindered the development of new drugs risk of contracting cancer, there are 10,000 is a movement to reverse by constitutional and has kept many important new medi­ who take less than 50 cyclamated drinks per amendment the U.S. Supreme Court's per-. cations from the American market. day who are scheduled to die from whatever missive stand on abortion. Critics have argued that if penicillin it is that avoirdupois does to you, which Contrary to widely-held belief, the anti­ might not have happened if you drank Tabs abortion movement is not just a. Catholic were developed today, it would be 10 rather than Cokes. years before Americans would have the thing. Involved in it a.re many Protestants, Prof. Stephen de Felice wrote last year a Jews and secularists who believe that a fetus legal right to use it. book called "Drug Discovery-the Pending is a form of human life which deserves pro­ Part of the problem we are now en­ Crisis," in which he records his dismay over tection by the government. countering involves bureaucratic regula­ the paralysis in drug development caused It is a very long way at present from tions demanding proof of the "safety" largely by the Kefauver-Harris Bill that came having sufficient strength to amend the Con­ and "efficacy" not only of the drug, but in 10 years ago after the thalidomide crisis. stitution, a. very difficult thing to do. But rt was then that a. few deformed children it may build enougll steam by next year to of every ingredient in it. Dr. Henry Tur­ were born, as the result of the use of that kel declares that: compel members of Congress to take cog­ drug. What followed, Dr. de Felice says, in nizance of an issue most of them would Very few substances can be guaranteed to his writings and speeches, was something much prefer to ignor~specially in an elec­ be safe for all human beings, because of our akin to hysteria.. tion year. individual idiosyncrasies and allergies. Very Moreover, the intellectual basis of the Since women's liberation groups are mili­ few medicines can be guaranteed to be effec­ laws that transformed the Federal Drug Ad­ tant supporters of abortion-on-demand, a tive for all patients for the same reasons. ministration into an agency for suppressing congressman will find himself in the middle Congress opened a Pandora's box when it per­ scientific discovery, is incoherent. Much however he votes. · If he supports an anti­ mitted bureaucrats to determine "safety" more is known about the deleterious effects abortion amendment, the feminists will go and "efficacy" of substances for purposes of of alcohol, say, or tobacco, than was ever after his scalp. If he opposes it, the inter­ interstate shipment. Congress added to the suspected about cyclamates. "The effort now faith "Right to Life" forces will try to help possibility of abuses by not demanding required to evaluate a new investigational him qualify for retirement pay. guidelines for new drug applications--so that Eleven proposed constitutional amend­ FDA could always respond with the word drug in man would eliminate the Pasteurs, Jenners, Ehrlichs, and Domagks from our ments dealing with abortion have been in­ "incomplete" or "incorrect" regardless of the troduced to date in the House and Senate. data. drug discovery system," says Dr. de Felice, pointing out that for all the explosions in Their sponsors and co-sponsors include 40 In a recent volume, Prof. Stephen drug discovery during the 1940s and '50s, House members and 8 Senators. de Felice records his dismay over the Some of the proposed amendments would which should have resulted in exponential make it a. federal crime to terminate the life paralysis in drug development caused progress during the '60s, very little of radical of an unborn child except in the cases when largely by the Kefauver-Harris bill that therapeutic nature was in fact discovered it is medically necessary to preserve the was passed 10 years ago as a result of the during the '60s. mother's life. thalidomide crisis. Prof. Milton Friedman recently called at­ Others propose to toss the whole issue back Discussing this situation, columnist tention to a. cost analysis of the FDA's pro­ to the states, allowing each state to pass William F. Buckley, Jr., notes that: gram done by Prof. Sam Peltzman of UCLA, whatever regulatory legislation it wishes on The intell~tual basis of the laws that in which the professor attempted by ingeni­ abortion. transformed the Food and Drug Administra­ ous means to put a. dollar value on the net If any amendment gets through, it almost tion into an agency for suppressing scient1.fic result of the harsh anti-innovative legisla­ certainly will be of the latter type. A con­ discovery, is incoherent. Much more is known tion. He began by conceding all over the gressman who supported such an amend­ about the deleterious effects of alcohol, say, place that the human tragedy of a deformed ment could tell outraged feminists he wasn't or tobacco, than was ever suspected a.bout child cannot be measured in dollar terms. voting against abortion-he was voting for cyclamates. But it can be measured in terms of a child state's rights. 29796 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1913 So far, none of the amendments has even It is elemental-this land is more precious erned by an executive board broadly repre­ reached the stage of committee hearings. In than water. sentative of all affected segments of society. the House, -all of the pending proposals are The Council will be supported by various bottled up in a Judiciary subcommittee categories of subscriptons from organiza­ headed by Rep. Donald Edwards, D-Calif., AMERICAN NATIONAL METRIC tions, companies, and individuals. who says he has not detected much "congres­ COUNCIL CAN AID IN U.S. METRIC Metric coordination will be managed sional pressure" for action on the subject. CONVERSION through a comprehensive voluntary commit­ "If hearings are held, they are well down tee structure representative of all affected the road," Edwards said. sectors and operating under broad consensus In the Senate, Judiciary Committee chair­ HON. ROBERT McCLORY principles. Sector committees will study im­ man James Eastland, D-Miss., is one of the OF ILLINOIS pact of metric conversion on particular sec­ sponsors of an anti-abortion amendment. tors of the industrial and commercial com­ He plans to hold hearings on the proposals IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES munity. To provide as wide and as penetrat­ this fall or early next year. Thursday, September 13, 1973 ing coverage as possible, members of these The major group organizing support for a. committees will be drawn, where appropri­ constitutional amendment is the National Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, all of my ate, from associations,, unions, societies, Right to Life Committee, which has head­ colleagues in this House of Representa­ companies, and institutions. Work of the quarters in Washington. tives who are supporting a program of sector committees will be guided and coordi­ orderly conversion to the metric system nated by a group of major coordinating com­ of weights and measures-as well as mittees. The chairman and vice-chairman countless Americans who are awaiting of each coordinating committee will be a SIXES BRIDGE DAM implementation of a program of metric member of the Executive Board of ANMC. The chairman of each sector committee will conversion consistent with the Bureau of be a member of the corresponding coordi­ HON. GOODLOE E. BYRON Standards Study Report completed in nating committee. July 1971-will welcome establishment Staff located in Washington, D.C., will OF MARYLAND of the American National Metric Coun­ support the work of the Council, and its IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES cil. committees. In addition to its coordination Thursday, September 13, 1973 This voluntary nonprofit organization function, the Council will maintain a re­ sponsored by the American National source center and provide extensive metric Mr. BYRON. Mr. Speaker, today the Standards Institute is intended to be information services to its subscribers. Water Resources Subcommittee of the representative of all segments of our PURPOSES OF THE METRIC COUNCIL House Public Works Committee author­ society-and should be capable of assist­ Serve as a national coordinating center for ized additional funding for advanced de­ ing in a coordinating program of volun­ voluntary metric conversion activities in the sign and engineering for the Sixes Bridge tary conversion to metric measurements United States, through which organizations Dam project in Frederick County, Md. concerned with such activities can cooperate throughout the United States. in identifying needs and in developing coor­ This project is located in the Sixth Dis­ The American National Metric Coun­ trict of Maryland, and I want to indicat,e dinated plans and timetables for conversion. cil, headed by an executive board of Provide the means for identifying the my opposition to the funding contained which Adrian G. Weaver of International requirements for metric standards, the rec­ in H.R. 10203. Business Machines Corp. is chairma.n­ ommended priority in which they should be Sixes Bridge Dam is opposed by the has been organized in contemplation of developed, and the recommended timetable Save the Monocacy Association, the a general conversion to the metric system for their development. Thurmont mayor and commissioners, Serve as a resource center for useful metric in our businesses, industries, educational information including standards, reports, the Carroll County Soil Conservation institutions, and elsewhere throughout District, the Thurmont Area Civic Asso­ educational material, and general informa­ our social system. tion dealing with Sl usage and all facets of ciation, the Farm Bureau, and the ma­ Mr. Speaker, I should point out that metric conversion. jority of the citizens living in the area. the American National Metric Council Publish and disseminate pertinent metric Recently, the Frederick Post published is not in any sense a substitute for a gov­ information. an editorial outlining the paper's reasons ernmental mechanism such as a Nation­ Undertake detailed studies in selected for opposing further funding of the dam. areas of metric conversion. al Metric Conversion Board which could Serve as a forum for the exchange of ideas I would like to share the Post's editorial assist in an overall changeover to metric with my colleagues: and information relating to metric conver­ measurements in our Nation. Nor does sion, and for the airing of metric problems [From the Frederick Post, June 23, 1973) the Metric Council propose to support or of a significant nature. Eighty-three farms will be affected by the oppose any particular legislative measure COUNCIL POLICIES Sixes Dam, the Corps of Engineers says. An­ pending in the Congress. On the other other 80 or so will be affected by the dam's The Council will: park and wildlife areas. . . . More land, par­ hand, consistent with its stated objec­ Operate under the principle of voluntary ticularly downstream, including Johns­ tives the American National Metric consensus and seek active and objective par­ ville areas, will be developed because of the Council can provide useful service as the ticipation by all affected segments of society. dam.... principal agency for assisting in a volun­ Work where possible through established Frederick County only has 800 dairy herds. tary metric conversion throughout the consumer, labor, professional, technical, and The affected area represents 10-20 percent of trade organizations. United States and can aid any govern­ Maintain the closest possible liaison and the county's dairy farms. The first 70 farm­ ment metric conversion board that the ers affected by the dam produce alone an coordination with agencies of government estimated $800,000 in farm goods. . . . The Congress may establish. and with the National Metric Conversion area to be inundated and returned to Mr. Speaker, in order to elaborate Board when such a Board is established. wilderness is true farm land, unobstructed more fully on the structure as well as Leave actual policy determination, timing, by development, owned and worked by beef the aims and purposes of this newly es­ and degree of metric usage to those involved and dairy farmrs who would like to continue tablished organization I am attaching with such usage. as they are now. the following excerpts from the Ameri­ Not be directly involved in the actual de­ The farmers have begun organizing to save velopment of standards, such activity being can National Metric Council bulletin the responsibility o! existing standards-de­ their land although they have not yet con­ which describes and which announced its sidered reserving their land permanently for veloping bodies. farming. establishment: Seek to avoid duplicating the work of other They need the help of all the water cus­ AMERICAN NATIONAL METRIC COUNCIL 01·ganizations. tomers the Army Corps of Engineers has With metric legislation imminent and in­ Remain nonadvocate in nature. lined up, from Frederick to Arlington, Vir­ dustry committing to metric conversion at BENEFITS OFFERED · BY ANMC ginia. They need to know that in saving an accelerating rate, there is urgent need :for ANMC will provide the coordinating mech­ their land they benefit all of us and that a private sector body to serve as a coordi­ anism that is so urgently needed now with we will work not only to help them save nating center for metric activities in the in­ companies already embarking on metric con­ it but to obtain for them the same value dustrial and commercial segments of society. version programs. in farming they would get eventually from Recognizing this need, the American Na­ ANMC will help ensure the proper and development. tional Standards Institute, in consultation consistent application of metric units and We have yet to see proof of so dire a water with industry, business, labor, and consumer practices, thereby preventing the costly pro­ shortage or lack of water recreation to war­ leaders, has organized the American National liferation of divergent practices. rant cutting off this last fresh breath of air Metric Council. The Council w:lll operate un­ The work of ANMC w:lll greatly reduce in­ from open farm land. der the auspices of ANSI and will be gov- dividual company expense in coordinating September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29797 metric conversion plans of suppliers and in­ Ru&Sell Hastings, Manager, Advance Engi­ would have voted "aye" on rollcall No. dustry sectors. neering, Clark Equipment Company. 442, the contempt citation of G. Gordon Early development of national metric H.B. Heilig, Jr., Director, Engineering Plan­ standards will facilitate conversion. ning and Practices, Western Electric Com­ Liddy; "aye" on rollcall No. 443. the ANMC will provide the private sector with pany. Little Cigar Act; "nay" on rollcall No. the means to plan metric conversion in a R. M. Hurd, Vice-President, Bethlehem 446. the act to prohibit the imposition by voluntary consensus manner. Steel Corporation. the States of discriminatory burdens The exercise of initiative in the private sec­ Allen F. Jones, Manager, Technical Assist­ upon interstate commerce in wine; and tor will reduce the need for government di­ ance, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Oompany, "nay" on rollcall No. 447, the rule provid­ rection. Inc. ing for consideration of the eucalyptus The early establishment of ANMC will allow Dr. Gordon H. Millar, Vice-President, Deere assistance bill. I might ~d. however, the private sector to provide coordinated in­ & Company. puts to the Government Metric Conversion John J. Motley, National Federation of In­ that my vote would not have affected Board (when formed) and thereby greatly dependent Business. the outcome of any of these bills. facilitate the work of the Board. R. A. Pittman, Director, Metrication Plan·­ I regret having missed these votes and ANMC will operate in strict adherence to ning, Ford Motor Company. the debate on them, especially the debate the antitrust laws and other legal require­ Louis Polk, President, Louis Polk, Incorpo­ on rollcall No. 445, the State Depart­ ments through periodic supervision of ac­ rated. ment authorization. Having missed this tiVities by qualified legal counsel and through Clyde Roberts, Vice-President, National As­ debate and not knowing as much about procedures and practices which call for free sociation of Manufacturers. this legislation as I would like to know, access to information and activities, as well John· Rutkus, Manager, Engineering and as opportunity for comment. Technical Services, Xerox Corporation. I am not sure how I would have voted, ANMC will cooperate with ANSI to John G. Thodis, Director, Governmental but am inclined to think I would have strengthen the role and influence of the Relations, Michigan Manufacturers Associa­ voted "nay." United States in international standards tion. work. G. M. Waeltz, Chief Standards Engineer, Through its metric newsletter and special Caterpillar Tractor Company. publications, ANMC will ensure that its sub­ Dr. Malcolm E. O'Hagan, Executive Direc­ WEST BRANCH WEIR BUILT BY scribers are kept abreast of key metric de­ tor, ANMC. GUARDSMEN WORKS FINE velopments. ADVISERS TO THE COUNCIL Mr. Speaker, I am also taking the Dr. Lee L. Davenport, President, General HON. ELLA T. GRASSO liberty of attaching the names of the Telephone ,and Electronics Laboratories. executive board of the American Na­ Frank J. Feely, Jr., Manager, Operations OF CONNECTICUT Coordination, Logistics Department, Exxon IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tional Metric Council, as well as the ad­ Corporation. visers to the council. In this connection, Dr. Seymour Herwald, Vice-President, En­ Thursday, September 13, 1973 it should be noted particularly that Dr. gineering and Development, Westinghouse Mrs. GRASSO. Mr. Speaker, the weir Malcolm E. O'Hagan who has had long Electric Corporation. The Honorable George P. Miller, Congress­ now standing in the Naugatuck River, experience with metric activities and some 200 feet downstream from Me­ who acted as special assistant to the man from California, 1945-1972. Roger F. Ringham, Vice-President---En­ morial Bridge in Torrington. Conn., chairman of the National Metric Advis­ gineering International Harvester Company. bears strong, convincing testimony to the ory Panel in connection with the U.S. Dr. John A. Swartout, Vice-President, value of cooperation between various and Metric Study Report, has been named Union Carbide Corporation. diverse segments of the community. as the council's executive director. It The actual physical labor involved in should be noted further that our former Mr. Speaker, let me conclude by stating that the American National Metric Coun_ building the weir-which, by the way, is colleague from California, the Honorable a damlike structure made of gabians, or George P. Miller, who served as chairman ell can provide vital information and in­ valuable assistance to us in connection rock filled cages and sand bags--was ac­ of the House Committee on Science and complished last weekend. Astronautics, and who was a principal with consideration of legislation to im­ plement the Bureau of Standards Study A good deal of the heavY work was sponsor of metric legislation, is among taken care of by some 95 Connecticut those who serve as advisers to the Report. Relying on such information and assistance I am confident that we may Army National Guardsmen-from Com­ council. pany B, 2d Battalion, 102d Infan­ The list follows : act responsibly-and soon in behalf of an appropriate mechanism for coordinating try-who did a fine job in tackling the AMERICAN NATIONAL METRIC COUNCIL various tasks required to build a weir. EXECUTIVE BOARD the orderly conversion of our system to metric standards. Those who may be in­ Most of these young men are area resi­ Adrian G. Weaver, Chairman, Director of dents. This action is part of a community Standards Practices, International Business terested in communicating with the Machines Corporation. American National Metric Council service program for the National Guard Louis E. Barbrow, Coordinator of Metric should note that it has offices at 1625 that deserves commendation. Activities, National Bureau of Standards. Massachusetts Avenue NW., Washington, With technical advice from Govern­ Hans Beibie, Manager, Design Management D.C. 20036. ment officials and a weir expert, the Systems, The Boeing Company. guards constructed the wire cages. Carl A. Beck, President, Charles Beck Ma­ cleared the weir area, filled burlap bags chine Corporation. with sand, and passed rocks to the river John T. Benedict, Manager, Technical In­ VOTES ON SEPTEMBER 10 AND 11 formation, Chrysler Corporation. to anchor the cagelike gabians. William K. Burton, Metric Consultant. Community residents aided the Walter F. Conlin, Jr., Chief Engineer, HON. IKE F. ANDREWS Guardsmen in their weekend effort. often Turner Construction Company. OF NORTH CAROLINA providing needed extra muscle. The city Albert S. Epstein, Director of Research, In­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of Torrington and some of the businesses ternational Association of Machinists and Thursday, September 13, 1973 in town provided equipment which Aerospace Workers. lightened the load, or various treats such Dr. John L. Feirer, Director, Center for Mr. ANDREWS of North Carolina. as soft drinks for welcome breaks in the Metric Education, Western Michigan Uni­ Mr. Speaker, on Monday, September 10, versity. weekend labor. Gordon A. Goodrich, Director, Central En­ and Tuesday, September 11, I was in The weir is a dream-come-true for of­ gineering Services, General Foods Corpora­ North Carolina on important matters af­ ficers and members of Pride, Inc., an tion. fecting my constituents in the Fourth environmental group with members from Melvin R. Green, Managing Director, Re­ Congressional District, including the Torrington and the vicinity. Pride of­ search, Codes, and Standards, The American very pressing problem that many to­ ficials played an important role in con­ Society of Mechanical Engineers. bacco growers, especially those in the vincing people that a weir would serve a George Greene, Metric Coordinator, Sears, Fuquay-Varina area of Wake County, useful purpose and could be built in the Roebuck and Company. Thomas A. Hannigan, Assistant to the In­ are having in being unable to sell their Naugatuck River. Pride representatives ternational Secretary, International Broth­ tobacco, even though it has been a acted as catalysts for the weir, receiving erhood of Electrical Workers. month to 6 weeks since they finished commendable assistance from Torring­ Dr. Doris E. Hanson, Executive Director, priming. ton's Beautification Commission and American Home Economics Association. Had I been present on those 2 days, I from several city banks. 29798 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 All in aTI, weir weekend in Torrington Before others could be considered, PRIDE home from her kindergarten over 5 miles was an unparalleled success. Indeed, the spokesmen said this would have to prove it­ away. Unfortunately, there was no need self. James Miller PRIDE president, refers to pool resulting from construction of the for Crystal to be bused for another ele­ weir will serve to enhance the river's this weir as an experiment. One possible problem showed itself this mentary school was nearby her house. appearance and improve the quality of morning. Because the water goes through and I certainly know of no reason why the environment. under, rather than over the. weir, stagnation this particular "remedy" to overcome For the interest of my colleagues, I am may be causing silt to form on the surface racial imbalance is needed. Far worse, inserting the following article which ap­ of the pond created by .the weir. This was it has been imposed by judges who have peared in The Register of Torrington and pointed out by Dr. Isadore Temkin, a mem­ set themselves up as legislators. Every accurately describes the community co­ ber of PRIDE who donated 12 of the 14 tons day, I hear people object to the erosion operation that went into the building of of sand used. This problem should solve it­ self, he said, as soon as enough sediment of the separation of powers, and yet I Torrington's weir: builds up in the weir to force the water over rarely hear anyone complain of the man­ WEST BRANCH WEIR Bun,T BY GUARDSMEN it. ner in which the courts have usurped WORKS FINE SPIRIT IS GREAT from the Congress the right to make the (By Mark Miller) Among the visitors to the weir Saturday laws. If we are to represent the people, It's not the Grand Coulee Dam-it's not were U.S. Rep. Ella T. Grasso, D-Sixth Dis­ as we were elected to do, then it is time even called a dam-but a small weir is in trict, and Eva M. Coty, chairman of the Beau­ that we be responsive to them. A recent place in the West Branch of the Naugatuck tification Committee. Gallup poll showed that only 5 percent River. It comes after years of dreaming, talk­ "So that's a weir," said Mrs. Grasso upon of the American public favored busing ing and promoting, months of planning, or­ first seeing the half-completed project Sat­ dering and cajoling, and hundreds of man­ as a method by which to achieve racial urday evening. "This is a positive contribu­ integration in the public schools. Ninety­ hours Saturday and Sunday lifting, shovel­ tion to the city they can make and must give ing, climbing, wading, sloshing and joshing. the guardsmen a great deal of satisfaction," five percent of this country is opposed to About 3¥2 feet high, 3¥2 feet thick and 80 she said. "The spirit here is just great. I hope it. The question is, Are we in the Con­ feet across, the weir is made of intertwined it catches on in other cities and towns." gress going to allow the courts to run the cages of galvanized and plastic coated wire The Beautification Committee agreed to country, regardless of what the public mesh held down by 80 tons of granite rocks. pay for the gabians which, according to the may think; or are we going to resume our A thousand burlap bags containing about 14 bill which arrived at PRIDE headquarters role as an equal branch of the Federal tons of sand are packed against its upstream Saturday, came to $820.80. Miss Coty is chair­ side as a seal to hold the water. Government? We can do the latter if we man of the board of First Federal Savings & make an effort to pass antibusing legisla­ The result of a community effort is a re­ Loan Assn. flecting or wading pool from the weir nearly Another banker connected with the project, tion in this Congress. How many more all the 200 feet to Memorial Bridge on South John H. Brooks, president of the Torrington polls must we see, and how many more Main Street, covering the rocky riverbottom. Savings Bank, did not appear Saturday or deaths must we have before we wake up About 95 Army National Guardsmen­ Sunday. Mary Ann Fecteau, PRIDE executive to the folly of this terrible method of from Co. B, Second Battalion, 102nd Infan­ director, credited Brooks with informing achieving racial integration? try-took care of most of the heavy work. PRIDE about gabians in the first place. I am, therefore, enclosing for the seri­ Technical expertise was provided by Larry Brook:s had seen gabians in use on the Hol­ Brown, acting city engineer; Frank Satin, ous consideration of my colleagues, two lenbeck River in Canaan or Cornwall and had articles, the Washington Star-News obit­ public works director; Vincent Viggiano, obtained brochures about them, which he representative from Macchferri Gabians Inc.; gave to PRIDE. uary of Crystal Jacobs and the Rich­ and Bernard Manor. reservoir manager for mond Times-Dispatch report on t-he the Army Corps of Engineers at the Thomas­ OTHER · CONTRIBUTIONS latest Gallup poll. They speak for them­ ton Dam Other contributions made to the building selves: Work started at about 8 a .m. Saturday, of the weir included: coffee from the Tor­ rington Grill and Dick's Restaurant, 10 cases [From the Washington Star-News, when the guardsmen marched to the river Sept. 7, 1973) from the Armory. One group was assigned to of beer from Dawn & Co. (put a.way by the make gabians, cages to hold the rock from guardsmen after work Saturday afternoon), CHILD, 4, KILLED IN ACCIDENT the coated wire mesh by fastening the sides several cases of soft drinks from Canada Dry, A 4-year-old Prince Georges County girl together with coated wire strands. Another sandwiches, brownies and cookies from the was struck and killed by a school bus at 80th group was assigned to fill the burlap bags Torrington Junior Woman's Club, eight pairs Avenue and Barlow Road .1t 12 :40 p.m. yes­ with sand. A third group cleared all rocks of pliers from the Torrington Co., and a fork terday, police reported. from the site of weir. lift truck and other unloading services from The child, Crystal Jacobs, who was return­ A fourth group formed into a human Torin Corp. ing to her home a'; 7604 Nalley Road after her chain-like a bucket brigade-and began The Army Corps of Engineers loaned shov­ second day at kindergarten at Lamont Ele­ passing rocks, one by one, from a rock pile els and pinch bars, and the Colonial Bank & mentary School in New Carrollton, was to the first-gabians in the river some 30 feet Trust Co. gave up the use of its Franklin rushed to University Hospital's shock trauma away. Street parking lot Friday to make room for center in Baltimore by police helicopter. She A city machine was requested to more effi­ piles of sand to be deposited there. HELCo died less than an hour after the accident. ciently transport the rock from the pile on donated heavy wire cutters and the state Police said the girl, who had just left the· the north bank to the gabians. Before long, a Civil Defense "loaned" the burlap bags to be bus, wa.s leaning a.gainst its front bumper "traxcavator" (a bulldozer with a scoop) filled with sand. Central Lumber Co. pro­ as driver Margaret Overton, 31, of Riverdale was seen coming upstream around the bend vided plywood to make a slide for sandbags was starting up when the accident occurred. of the river near the former Torrington to be lowered to the river. A police spokesman said no charges had Manufacturing Co. Machine Division build­ been placed against Mrs. Overton and that ing. the accident is still under investigation. Mrs. The gabians were about half filled by the Overton has been a bus driver since 1968. time it was decided to call it a day shortly Crystal was the daughter o! Alonza Jacobs, after 3 p.m. Saturday, and return Sunday. By A DEATH DUE TO BUSING a District policeman, and his wi!..l Dorothy, a about 2 p.m. Sunday, enough sandbags had practical nurse at Prince Georges General been packed in against the weir to raise the Hospital. water level to nearly three feet. HON. ROBERT J. HUBER Crystal was one of some 133,000 Prince THE WATER'S FINE OF MICHIGAN Georges students who began classes Wed­ nesday and one of thousands bused to Bob Weider of New Hartford, a guardsman, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES schools out of their neighborhoods to further took off his boots and socks, stripped to bis Thursday, September 13, 1973 racial integration in the county under. a con­ waist and made a surface dive into the water. troversial court order. "Somebody had to be the first one," he said Mr. HUBER. Mr. Speaker, I have often "It bothers me that she had to be bused later, "and I just decided I'd do it." Another referred to the tragedy of forced cross­ when that school (John Carroll Elementary) guardsman went in an hour or so later and district busing, but today I must talk of is so close,'' Jacobs saa.d. Lamont is more pronounced the water warn'l and not too dirty. a more immediate tragedy, a death that than five miles from the child's home. "If we're going to have this busing for The cleanest water near the weir was to be occurred as a direct result of forced bus­ ing. On Friday, September 7, 1973, the integration," he said, "let's institute some found downstream, well filtered through the sort of safety preca1.:tions for the safety of sandbags. This led to speculation on a series Washington Star-News carried an obit­ the kids." He suggested safety patrols on the of weirs, among them one near Torrington uary of a 4-year-old girl, Crystal Jacobs, buses, particularly those with youµ,g chil­ Towers, one under Memorial Bridge, one near who was struck and killed by a schoolbus dren, whose members could see y(?µngsters the riverbend downstream from the new weir. that had just transported her to her safely t) their doors. September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29799 (From the Richmond Times-Dispatch, Mr. Speaker, in recognition of these NAVY AWARD WINNERS FROM THE STATE OF Sept. 9, 1973] employees I would like to have printed MARYLAND GALLUP POLL-ONLY 5 PERCENT SUPPORT into the RECORD the names of the recip­ DISTINGUISHED CIVIl.IAN SERVICE AWARD USE OF BUSING ients of those awards. 1. Mr. William B. Anspacher, 1818 Sanford (By George Gallup) FEDERAL TRADE COMMISSION, Road, Silver Spring, Md. 20902, award ap­ PRINCETON, N.J.-A majority of Americans Washington, D.C., August 17, 1973. proved 14 Jul 1972. 2. Mr. Gilbert C. Bowen, 12321 Remington :favor the ir...tegration of public schools, but Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, Drive, Silver Spring, Md. 20902, award ap­ only a very small proportion approve of bus­ House of Representatives, proved 27 Dec. 1972. ing as a means to reach this goo.I. Washington, D.C. 3. Dr. Rou D. Gaul, 5901 Arbroath Drive, Only one person in 20 (5 per cent) in a DEAR CONGRESSIONMAN HOGAN: In response to your letter of July 31, 1973, I am listing Clinton, Md. 20735, award approved 16 Apr recent nationwide Gallup Poll selects busing 1973. from a list of plans that have been suggested those employees from Maryland who have 4. Mr. Harry Gold, 7012 Richard Drive, as ways to achiev~ economic and racial inte­ received awards during 1972 and 1973: Bethesda, Md. 20034, award approved 10 Dec gration in public schools. SUPERIOR 1972. Elbert R. Averill, Donald L. Bachman, Joan 5. Mr. Robert B. Knowles, 13505 Sherwood z. Bernstein, R. John Bitting, Robert B. Forest Terrace Silver Spring, Md. 20902, Black, Joy A. Cartwright, James A. Dalton, award approved 14 Jul 1972. SLOVENIAN WOMEN'S UNION OF Thomas D. Duchesneau, Edward B. Finch, 6. Mr. John R. Wakefield, 1818 Mori Drive, AMERICA RESOLUTION Steven B. Gold, Alice J. Harvey; Rockville, Md. 20853, award approved 3 Jul Owen M. Johnson, Jr., Betty D. Kurtz, John 1972. F . LeFevre, Leonard J. McEnnis, William E. DISTINGUISHED PUBLIC SERVICE AWARD HON. GEORGE l'tl. O'BRIEN McMahon, Daniel C. Main, Diane P. Mat­ 1. Mr. Charles L. m, 10830 Pleasant Hill OF ILLINOIS thews, Paul E. Parker, Joseph Rutberg, Char­ Drive, Potomac, Md. 20854, award approved lotte B. Scraggs, Edward W. Underwood, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES 15 May 1973. Christian S. White. CERTIFICATE OF MERIT Thursday, September 13, 1973 COMMENDATION 1. Rescue Fire Company, Incorporated of Mr. O'BRIEN. Mr. Speaker, the Slo­ Marie A. Bielonis, Clayrine Felder, Lillie M. Cambridge, Md., award approved 23 Aug 1972. venian Women's Union of America re­ Lane, Susan Painter, Paul C. Pross, and 2. Linkwood-Salem Volunteer Fire Com­ cently held their convention in Chicago Linda G. Wolin. pany of Linkwood, Md., award approved 23 and passed a resolution with regard to MERITORIOUS Aug 1972. abortion. I have proposed a constitu­ Donna A. Barton, Evelyn V. Blandin, 3. Vienna Volunteer Fire Company of Ronald A. Bloch, Edgar A. Bush, Marian B. Vienna, Md., award approved 23 Aug. 1972. tional amendment which would restore Castro, Delorian J. Cecil, David L. Clancy, to States the power to enact laws on Jessie Fitzpatrick, Ruth R. Fitzpatrick, Carl abortions. I am also a cosponsor of a E. Fuehrer, Jr.; DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY, constitutional amendment which would Jonathan E. Gaines, Glenwood S. Gaskins, Washington, D.C., August 20, 1973. guarantee the right to life from the mo­ Carol A. Gross, Marvin F. Hendershot, Pa­ Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, ment of conception. tricia S. Hoffman, Monnie R. Hughes, Ken­ House of Representatives. neth Hunter, Agnes M. Johnson, Joyce C. DEAR MR. HOGAN: The Secretary of the I commend the women's union for their Army has asked that I reply to your request concern and invite my colleagues' atten­ Johnson, Mattie E. Leinster; Laura C. Lent, Ramona C. Luckel, Laura for a list of employees from Maryland who tion to the resolution: C. Lunsford, Vera R. McClain, Claude 0 . Mer­ have received awards for outstanding services Whereas, as women we realize that from ritt, Walter R. Myers, Sherman W. Pauley, during 1972 and 1973. the moment of conception the life in the James L. Perry, Jr., Shirley A. Perry, Ronald The Department of the Army has several mother's womb is an independent, living A. Rowe, Hazel M. Samel; levels of honorary awards which it confers human being, Bernard Snyder, Paul W. Sternberg, San­ on its civilian employees for outstanding And since, we do not condone the Supreme dra M. Sweeney, Grace M. Taylor, Margaret achievements or service. The highest of these court decision of January 22, which legalized A. Varva, Bonnie B. Wan, Jack W. Wilburn, awards is the Decoration for Exceptional abortion on demand everywhere in the Eileen P. Wilkinson, Iva M. Woods. Civilian Service which can be awarded only United States, "which killing will pale by the Secretary of the Army. This is the Herod's slaughter of the innocents", DISTINGUISHED only award on which we maintain central­ Be it known, therefore, that it is our most Robert J. Beller, Howard W. Crumly, Mar­ ized records. I have attached a listing of em­ urgent demand that our representatives and jorie C. McKee, H. Michael Mann, Lawrence ployees residing in Maryland who received legislators work toward an antiabortion con­ G. Meyer, Basil J. Mezines, Charles A. Tobin, this award during 1972 and 1973. stitutional amendment, which would serve Alan S. Ward. Similarly, the Department has multiple to educate Americans that abortion is wrong With kind personal regards, levels of public service awards. Public service and thus prevent the extension of the anti­ Sincerely, awards are granted to employees at the pol­ life mentality, . CHARLES A. TOBIN, icy development level and private citizens Be it further resolved, that at the same Acting Executive Director. who render outstanding service which makes time efforts must be made to counter the a substantial contribution to the accom­ growing push for legalized euthanasia, plishment of the Army's mission. The highest And because, our government guarantees DEPARTMENT OF THE NAVY, of these awards is the Decoration for Distin­ in its constitution life to every individual, Washington, D.C. August 15, 1973. guished Civilian Service. As with the honor­ Therefore, the Slovenian Women's Union Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, ary awards, records a.re kept at Headquarters, on the occasion of its 16th triennial conven­ House of Representatives, Department of the Army only for this award. tion a.t the Bismarck Hotel in Chicago, Washington, D.C. I have attached a. listing of those employees May 20-24, 1973, urge the United States gov­ DEAR MR. HOGAN: This is in reply to your and private citizens residing in Maryland who ernment and the supreme court to employ letter of July 30, 1973 requesting a list of em­ received the Distinguished Civilian Service great consideration to this most serious ployees from the state of Maryland who have Award in 1972 ~nd 1973. resolution. received awards for their outstanding service Your though.,ful interest in our ousta.nd­ to the Department of the Navy. ing civilian employees is very much appreci­ Only records pertaining to awards proc­ ated. MARYLANDERS CITED FOR OUT­ essed through the Navy Incentive Awards Sincerely, STANDING SERVICE IN FEDERAL Board and approved by the Secretary of the L. STEPHEN QUATANNENS, GOVERNMENT Navy are maintained in this office. These are Lieutenant Colonel, GS Deputy, the Navy Distinguished Civilian Service Congressional Inquiry Division. Award, the Navy Distinguished Public Service HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN Award and the Certificate of Merit. A list DEPARTMENT OF STATE, OF MARYLAND of the Maryland residents who have received Washington, D.C., September 10, 1973. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES these awards during 1972 and 1973 is en­ Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, closed. House of Representatives, Thursday, September 13, 1973 I hope this information will satisfy your Washington, D.C. Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, I have re­ requirements. DEAR MR. HOGAN: The Acting Secretary has ceived a list of those people from the With kindest regards, asked me to reply to your letter of July 30, State of Maryland employed in several Sincerely, 1973 requesting a list of employees from A. Dr PASQUALE, Maryland who have received honor awards agencies of the Federal Government who Director, Labor ana Employee Rela­ during 1972 and 1973. have been cited for their outstanding tions Division. (By direction of the As recently reported to your office by tele­ service during 1972 and 1973. Director.) phone, the 1973 list of recipients is now being 29800 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS . September 13, 1973 prepared. When it is completed the list of DEPARTMENT OF HOUSI,NG 1871, which caused over 200 million damage names will be forwarded. AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT, and claimed some 250 lives. Philadelphia will The only 1972 recipient of an award from Washington, D.C., Aiigust 10, 1973. observe the week with a series of programs, the State of Maryland is Thomas Polgar, who Hon. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN, float displays, and various educational acti­ received the Award for Valor. His current House of Representatives, vities aimed at promoting fire safety in the address is: American Embassy, Saigon, Viet- . Washington, D.C. home, at school and in business and in Nam. For your information, the citation DEAR MR. HOGAN: This is in further reply industry. reads: to your letter of July 30, 1973, to Secretary "For courageously risking your life to Lynn concerning HUD employees from Mary­ obtain the safe release of a hijacked aircraft land who received awards for outstanding crew at Buenos Aires, July 4, 1971." service during 1972 and 1973. COUP IN CHILE I hope that this answers your question. Of the awards listed in your letter, HUD Please let me know if I can be of further grants only the first two: the Distinguished assistance. Service Award and the Certificate of Merit. HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM Sincerely yours, In 1972, the HUD Distinguished Service OF NEW YORK IvIARSI-IALL WRIGHT, Award was presented to the following em­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Assistant Secretary for Congressional ployees who reside in Maryland: Thursday, September 13, 1973 Relations. Irving P. Margulies, Associate General Counsel for Equal Opportunity Litigation Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the re­ DECORATION FOR EXCEPTIONAL CIVILIAN SERVICE and Administration; Residence: 9320 Judge cent coup in Chile raises serious ques­ Mr. Eckhard Bennewitz, 13513 River Road, Place, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20760. tions about our foreign policy toward Potomac, Md. 20854. John M. Gibson, Director Emergency Pre­ Latin America generally, and in partic­ Mr. William K. Cave, 1316 Woodside Park­ paredness Staff; Residence: 5918 Bryn Mawr Road, College Park, Maryland 20740. ular the role the United States played, if way, Silver Spring, Md. 20910. any, in the events leading up to the re­ Mr. Mark S. Gurnee, 2108 Spenser Road, Vincent J. Hearing, Acting Assistant Sec­ Silver Spring, Md. 20910. retary for Administration; Residence: 1378 placement of the duly elected Govern­ Mr. Lewis W. McBride, 215 McKinsey Roa.a., Kersey Lane, Potomac, Maryland 20854. ment of Chile. Severna Park, Md. 21146. No Maryland resident received the Certifi­ An editorial appearing in today's Mr. Arnold B. Taylor, 5109 39th Avenue, cate of Merit in 1972. The winners of HUD's Washington Post ably defines the issues Hyattsville, Md. 20781. 1973 awards have not as yet been selected. If we can be of any further help to you, which the coup presents for resolution Mr. John G. Connell, Jr., 11-N Laurel Hill please let us know. and I commend it to my colleagues and Road, Greenbelt, Md. 20770. Sincerely, other reads of the RECORD. Th3 edito­ Mr. Jacob B. Gilstein, 11712 Farmland rial follows: Drive, Rockville, Md. 20852. T. F. MONIHAN, Mr. Vincent P. Huggard, 9100 Friars Road, Director, Empl,oyee Relations Division. COUP IN CHILE Bethesda, Md. 20034. Chile's coup is different. Its special tragedy Mr. Wilbur B. Payne, 13508 Glen Mill Road, is that it ends Latin America's longest demo­ Rockville, Md. 20850. cratic tradition and also its most serious ef­ Mr. Charles L. Poor, 8708 Contee Road, FIRE PREVENTION WEEK fort to carry out rapid social change within Laurel, Md. 20810. a framework of representative government. Dr. Maurice Apstein, 4611 Maple Avenue, Whether the coup will arrest the county's Bethesda, Md. 20014. HON. JOSHUA EILBERG social and economic disintegration, or lead Mr. Herman P . Gay, Route 1, Box 360, OF PENNSYLVANIA Chile into an intensified class war, cannot yet Aberdeen, Md. 21001. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES be known. The leaders of the armed forces, Mr. Merl G . Ringenberg, 612 Rockspring until now on the sidelines of politics, con­ Road, Bel Air, Md. 21014. Thursday, September 13, 1973 ducted their takeover in the name of "liber­ Dr. Kamal G. Ishak, 7109 Fulton Street, Mr. EILBERG. Mr. Speaker, Phila­ ating Chile from the Marxist yoke," as they Chevy Chase, Md. 20015. delphia's Fire Department plans to ob­ de.scribed the elected government of Salva­ Mr. Charles V. Brandon. 13600 Aqua Lane, dor Allende. At the same time, in an evident Rockville, Md. 20850. serve Fire Prevention Week, October 7 to low to the Allende constituency, the military Dr. Joseph Sperrazza, 325 Rogus Street, October 13, with various programs in­ leaders assured the workers that their eco­ Aberdeen, Md. 21001. cluding float displays, TV and radio an­ nomic and social benefits "will not suffer DECORATION FOR DISTINGUISHED CIVILIAN nouncements, and the issuance of safety fundamental changes." Perhaps the Chilean SERVICE posters throughout the city. military can return their country in a reason­ At this time I enter into the RECORD a able time to its democratic heritage. The ex­ Mr. Dudley C. Mecum, 10841 Stanmere perience of others is not encouraging. That Drive, Potomac, Md. 20854. statement by the city of Philadelphia is what is so regrettable about the failure of Dr. Ray Ehrensberger, Chancellor, Univer­ about plans to commemorate Fire Pre­ the Allende experiment. It is an outcome sity College, University of Maryland. vention Week: likely to harden both Latin left and Latin Fire Commissioner Joseph R. Rizzo an­ right in the view that social change in a U.S. DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE, nounced today that the Fire Department is democratic context doesn't work. Washington, D.C., September 7, 1973. distributing several hundred thousand pieces Mr. Allende's truly unfortunate death-by Hon. LAWRENCE J . HOGAN, of fire prevention literature announcing the his own hand, according to the new junta­ House of Representatives, upcoming observance of Fire Prevention imparts an additional somber and ominous Washington, D.C. Week in Philadelphia, Oct. 7 to Oct. 13. note. Many in Latin America will no doubt DEAR MR. HOGAN: In response to your July Posters, brochures, folders and mail stuff­ regard him as a martyr whose death, like 30, 1973 request, there follows a list of names ers will be given to businesses, industries that of Che Guevara, symbolizes the implac­ of employees from Maryland who received and Philadelphia school children. The litera­ ability of American "imr-erialism." His poli­ major Department awards during 1972: ture wlll show a fireman holding a child tics, perhaps also his myth, are bound to Jean F. Chipouras, James B. Colasanto, aslcing the question, "Yours?" and stating move to the center of Latin and inter-Ameri­ Clair A. Cripe, Carlene V. Jackson, James L. "Prevent Fires, Save Lives." can politics, and to becloud objective judg­ Kelley, Robert C. Kragh, Charles A. Lauer, Commissioner Rizzo stated that numerous ment of him. It is impossible not to note, William E. Nelson, James D. O'Brian, Mar­ organizations, businesses, and industries will however, that his 30 earlier years in the garet D. Pampley, Neil Roberts, Robert L. stuff pay envelopes with Fire Prevention political wilderness had ill prepared him to Week stuffers, and the utility companies will exercise power. He ignored the limitations Saloschin, Howard E. Shapiro, Harold J. Tul­ include fire safety tips in their billings. ley, and, James P. Turner. of his minority support and attempted to Fire prevention messages will also be found govern as though he wielded a majority. He The above list does not include recipients on menus, in laundry bundles, on clothes lost control of many of his own supporters. of awards presented by the Federal Bureau of hangers, dry cleaning garment bags, milk car­ His admirers can argue that he was be­ Investigation. However, it is my understand­ tons, shopping bags, newspapers and maga­ queathed a political and economic legacy ing that the Bureau has responded to your zines. that would have burdened any leader, but request under separate cover. Fire safety poster messages will also be that is hardly a persuasive defense; the job If further information is required please seen on buses, trolleys, trucks, billboards, was not forced upon him. let me know. theatre marquees and move theatres, in On the eve of Allende's election in 1970, Sincerely addition to radio and television spot an­ Henry Kissinger, calling him "probably a BEN WISEMAN, nouncements. Communist," said that an "Allende takeover" Acting Director of Fire Prevention Week traditionally com­ would pose "massive problems for us, and Personnel and Training. memorates the great Chicago fire on Oct. 9, for democratic forces and for pro-U.S. forces September 13, 1973 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 29801 1n Latin America." The CIA and ITT dis­ Today I am writing because I believe there only after the post office had stamped cussed-apparently without further action­ is an imperative reason which should compel them." how to keep Mr. Allende from power. When you to dissociate yourself from the rank ot The author notej that normal delivery of Chilean moderates seemed to be looking for Communist leaders into which Herr Roth mail takes three to five days and important a satisfactory way to resolve the copper-na­ thought fit to push you. mail is never delivered to him a.tall. tionalization disputes, the administration de­ What I mean is the heart-rending cry He added: "During the winter of 1971- livered a number of symbolic rebuffs to Mr. of Alexander Solzhenitsyn, who feels that his 72, I was warned through several channels­ Allende and then proceeded to use its influ­ life is threatened by the Soviet secret po­ within the KGB's apparatus there are also ence to deny him access to loans from the lice, which is directly subordinate to the people who a.re tormented by their fate-that international development banks. The evi­ Communist leaders of the Soviet Union. This they were preparing to kill me in a 'car dent results were to sti1Ien the Chilean posi­ comes at the time when· Pyotr Yakir has, as accident'. tion on compensation for the copper firms, he himself predicted, crawled to the cross; "But here we have a peculiarity.... to work economic hardship on Chile, and to shortly after the warnings by the nuclear "If, for example, a letter that reaches me aggravate political tension there. Meanwhile, physicist Andrei Sakharov and the writer by post blows up, it will be impossible to the U.S. kept up close links with the Chilean Vladimir Maximov's letter to Heinrich Boll. explain why it didn't explode before in the military. Military aid flowed; at the moment "Fears are increasing", Fred Luchsinger, hands of the censors. of the coup, four U.S. Navy ships were steam­ (Editor of the Neue Zurcher Zeitung) re­ "And since for a long time I have not suf­ ing toward Chile for joint maneuvers with cently wrote, "that 1n the course of detente fered from serious diseases and since I don't Chile's navy. In denying CIA involvement (in the Soviet Union) not freedom but op­ drive a car and since because of my con­ 1n the coup yesterday, the State Department pression is growing." victions, under no circumstances of life will did not offer regrets either for the takeover I believe it is time that from our country I commit suicide, then if I am declared killed or for Mr. Allende's death. particularly, where only a few decades ago or suddenly mysteriously dead, you can in­ Sobering as it is to have to ask whether the rulers committed unbelievable wrongs­ fallibly conclude, with 100 per cent certainty, American ideological coolness and corporate though under the opposite political banner­ that I have been killed with the approval influence played a role in the undoing of the initiative should come for worldwide sup­ of the KGB or by it. the Allende experiment, it is unavoidable. port for Solzhenitsyn and the others in his "But . . . my death will not make happy Indeed, the denouncement leaves hanging the country who speak their minds, and for the those people who count on it to stop my whole question of what ought to be the thousands of others who hope for freedom literary activities. Immediately after my American policy toward the forces of eco­ but do not dare to say so. death or immediately after I have disap­ nomic nationalism churning much of Latin You as the highest elected political repre­ peared or have been deprived of my liberty, America. The issue is unquestionably worthy sentative of our people should march at the my literary last will and testament will of the recall of Secretary of State-designate head of such an appeal. Thousands would irrevocably come into force . . . and then Kissinger before the Senate Foreign Relations follow you; I would be one of the first. the main part of my work will start being Committee for a closer look at our perform­ I remain, sincerely, published, works I have refrained from pub­ ance in Chile and its implications for future Yours lishing all these years. policy, or a separate congressional invest!· A.xEL SPRINGER. "If the officers of the KGB track down gation, or both. and confiscate copies of the harmless Cancer SOLZHENITSYN SPEAKS OF THREATS AGAINST Ward in all provincial cities-and dismiss His LIFE holders of these copies from their work or drive them from higher educational institu­ Moscow, August 28.-The Nobel prize nov­ tions-what will they do when my principal HAVE SOVIETS CHANGED? elist Alexander Solzhenitsyn, in a rare and and posthumous books stream out all over outspoken interview with two Western cor­ Russia?" respondents, says his life has been threaten­ He declined to discuss further the un­ HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK ed. But if he is imprisoned or killed, "the published "main part" of his works, espe­ OF OHIO main part of my works will be published", cially in a flat which he believed was bugged. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES he said. He turned instead to plans for publishing The world-celebrated author, whose works Thursday, September 13, 1973 the remainder of the series that began with are banned in the Soviet Union, said he and August 1914. Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, one of his family have received warnings and "If He said that probably "I won't let out Oc­ I am declared killed or suddenly mysterious­ tober 1916 before the third volume March champions of the cause of freedom has ly dead", the world could conclude that "I been Axel Springer, the widely known 1917 is ready." The two are too closely knit have been killed with the approval of the and only together could explain his view of West German publisher. Dr. Springer has KGB (Soviet security police organization) or the course of events, the writer said. once again spoken with clarity and di­ by it". August 1914 related 1n fictional form the rectness, this time in a letter to West Solzhenitsyn, who is 54, is the author of catastrophic defeat of the Russians by the German Chancellor Willy Brandt. The First Circle, Cancer Ward and August Germans in the early days of the First World Dr. Springer laid the issue of detente 1914. He won the 1970 Nobel prize for litera­ War. The other two books are planned to with the Soviet Union and its relation­ ture, but the Soviet authorities prevented carry the narrative through the Bolshevik ship to the now famous Solzhenitsyn case him from receiving it in his homeland. Revolution. on the doorstep of the Chancellor. Mr. The author was interviewed by the Asso­ Solzhenitsyn reported running into severe ciated Press and Le Monde of Paris. He ac­ restraint and harassment in his research. Brandt, more than any other Western cepted written questions and wrote out an­ "Vaganov, head of the regional archives leader, has promoted the idea that the swers to those he chose to respond to in a in Tambov, refused to let me have a look Soviets have changed and can be dealt Russian text of more than 7,000 words. even at Newspapers 55 years old. In the cen­ with on a rational basis. The bearded writer, dressed in an open­ tral military historical archives, a rigorous Because Dr. Springer's letter is of such necked shirt and slacks, was friendly and search was recently carried out in order to great significance, I should like to share animated as he discussed developments that find out who in 1963 turned over to me ma­ it with my colleagues and therefore I in­ have convinced him that the cause of indi­ terial about the First World War and how vidual freedom 1n the Soviet Union is at this happened." clude it in the RECORD along with an a low ebb. article at this point: A young literary specialist, Mr. Gabriel Speaking of official threats, Solzhenitsyn Superfin, who had helped him in searching TRANSLATION OF A LETTER FROM AXEL SPRINGER said: historical archives, had been arrested on the TO CHANCELLOR WILLY BRANDT "I received letters with threats, rather basis of confessions of Mr. Pyotr Yakir and BERLIN, August 29, 1973. than demands, threats to make short work Mr. Viktor Krasin-at present on trial in HERR WILLY BRANDT, of me and my family. This summer such Moscow for subversion-and accused under Federal Chancellor, letters have come to me through the mail. Article 72 of the criminal code dealing with Adenauerallee 141. Not to mention psychological mistakes, the "especially dangerous crimes against the DEAR CHANCELLOR: When at the beginning m!3,ny technical mistakes, the many techni­ state". It provides for a sentence up to 15 of the month I read that a member of the cal mistakes by the authors have convinced SPD national executive, while 1n East Ber­ me these letters have been sent by KGB years. lin, had named you in the same breath with agents. Solzhenitsyn spoke also of reprisals against men like Brezhnev, Gierek and Honnecker, "For example, the incredible speed of de­ Mr. Aleksander Gorlov, a. friend who 1n 1971 I knew how you must have felt. This pas­ livery of these bandits' letters-less than 24 surprised KGB men burgling the author's sage 1n Wolfgang Roth's speech upset me hours. Only letters from the most important country house, and persecutions of Mr. Msti­ much more than the fact that he could not government organs go that fast. slav Rostropovich, the cellist, who had pub­ resist joining in the anti-Springer chorus "Another example of technical mistakes licly befriended the novelist. even when he was in the other part of our they make is that the KGB officials were 1n In connection with the refusal of a per­ city (at the "International Youth Festival"). such a. hurry that the envelopes were sealed mit to live in Moscow with his second wife 29802 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS September 13, 1973 and their two children, Solzhenitsyn said he from the lying Writers' Union is completely line with faint hope of ever reaching free­ is staying in a. rented dacha for the summer normal.'' dom. And nowhere east of Greece is it pos­ but has no other permanent place of resi­ On the Soviet practice of confiscating pass­ sible for an exiled minister (Kara.ma.nus) dence. ports of prominent dissidents allowed to to have his anti-government programme "I don't live anywhere any more. When travel abroad-such as the recent case of Mr. printed in the papers." winter comes I will have no other place to Zhores Medvedev in London-he said: In comparing various levels of violence, live than the apartment of my family, a na-t­ "Citizenship in our country is not an inalien­ Solzhenitsyn said: "The first unit on one ura.l place for any hum.an being. And I'm able natural right for every human being scale may stand for 10, but the first unit on going to live here irrespective of whether born on its soil, but it is a kind of coupon another scale may stand for 10 to the sixth they give me the permit or not. Let the which is kept by an executive clique of peo­ point--that is one million. . . . shameless come and evict me. That will be ple who in no way and by nothing have "I tried in vain a year ago in my Nobel a. deserved advertisement for our advanced proved that they have a greater right to the prize lecture to draw attention in a reserved social structure." Russian soil. way to these two incomparable scales of On surveillance of him and his family. "And this clique can, if it doesn't approve evaluation of the volume and moral mean­ Solzhenitsyn said: "Already for several years of some citizen's convictions, declare him ing of events. not one single telephone call .or indoor con­ deprived of his homeland. I leave it to you "Also in vain I there pointed to the fact versation-involving me or members of my to find a word yourselves for such a. social that jamming of Western radio broadcasts family-not even on matters of everyday life, structure." in the East creates a. situation comparable to is undertaken without being bugged. We Solzhenitsyn mentioned Mr. Andrei that on the eve of a common catastrophe, have already got used to the situation that Amalrik, just sentenced to a second three­ nullification of international agreements and day and night we permanently talk in the year term, and General Pyotr Grigorenko guarantees, because they thus don't exist in presence of the KGB. who is in a psychiatric hospital for his dis­ the conscience of half of mankind-their "When their tape runs out they break the sident activities. superficial trace can easily be swept away in telephone conversation unceremoniously in Amalrik, he said, ha.d dared "to give an the course of a few days or a. few hours. order to reload while we dial again." independent analysis of today's social struc­ "What jamming of radio broadcasts means On the trial of Mr. Ya.kir and Mr. Krasin, ture and predict the future, that is, what in is impossible to explain to those who haven't who have pleaded guilty to the charges fa.ct may happen to our country. Then in­ experienced it themselves, who haven't lived against them. Solzhenitsyn said: stead of analysing his works and taking from under it for years. It means daily spittle into "With the right of an old prison inmate them what is true and practically useful, your ears and eyes, it is an offence and deg­ they simply put him in jail. radation of man to a robot's level. . . . It I tell them here and now: that they have means that grown persons are reduced to conducted themselves faintheartedly, basely "And when out of the ranks of our glit­ tering and decorated generals turned up this infants: swallow what your mother has al­ and even ludicrously, by repeating with a ready chewed for you. 40-year delay and in inappropriate condi­ lone Grlgorenko who was bold enough to express his nonconformist view a.bout the "Even the most benevolent broadcasts dm·­ tions the infamous experience of the lost ing the most friendly visits a.re jammed as generation, of those who capitulated in the course of the last war and about today's So­ viet society, a. view which in fact was en­ systematically: there must not be the slight­ thirties .. .'' est deviation in the evaluation of events, in Asked a.bout the intensified attacks on Dr. tirely Marxist-Leninist, then this view is declared a psychiatric insanity." the nuances, in the accents--everybody has Andrei Sakharov in the state-controlled to be informed about and remember an event media, Solzhenitsyn noted: "He is declared Solzhenitsyn listed a number of cases of political prisoners reported in the under­ 100 per cent the same way. And many world 'a supplier of slander,' 'ignorant', a 'native events must not be made known to our peo­ purveyor of projects' . . . a 'malevolent critic ground Chronicle of Current Events which has not appeared for months. ple at all. who hates his own country and who is un­ "Moscow and Leningrad have paradoxically constructive.' He noted: "In this striking country with its most advanced socialist structure, for a half become the most uninformed big cities in "It's not an accusation, it is a. blunder. For the world. The inhabitants ask people who those who have followed Sakharov's articles century there hasn't been a single amnesty for political prisoners. come in from the ·countryside about news. for some yea.rs . . . cannot help seeing his There, because of cost (our population has deep knowledge a.bout the processes of Soviet "When our prison terms were 25 years and 10 years, when eight years in our country, no to pay very dearly for these jamming serv­ life, his pa.in for his own country, his tor­ ices) the jamming is weaker. ments because of mistakes not made by him, joking, was considered a child's term, then we had this famous Stalinist amnesty ( July "But according to observations of people his good-hearted conciliatory standpoint, from various places, during the la.st month acceptable to highly opposite groupings...• 7, 1945) which released political prisoners with less than three-year sentences-that is, the jamming has been extended, has con­ "Sakharov, a.las, is too well known and, quered new areas, has been intensified.'' therefore, he has to be crushed publicly. nobody. "Those who had a. bit more (up to five However, international information, the But unknown critics a.re crushed in great ideas, facts and human protests that slip numbers in silence, in the countryside, in years) were released by the Voroshilov am­ nesty of March, 1953, which just flooded the through after all have an influence. It iS the hinterlands, and how many can they be, important to understand that the East is not these people never mentioned to anybody, country with criminals. In September, 1955. by releasing to Adenauer, Germans serving at all indifferent to protests from public languishing and perishing in regional psy­ opinion in the West. On the contrary-it has. chiatric clinics?" terms in the Soviet Union, Khrushchev also had to give amnesty to those who had col­ deadly fear of them-and only of them­ The official Soviet answer to dissidents, but this is the case only with the united, Solzhenitsyn said, is never arguments, "be­ laborated with the Germans. "But for the dissidents there has never mighty voice of hundreds of prominent per­ cause arguments don't exist, but always sonalities, with the opinions of a. whole con­ curses and slander ... either administrative been a single amnesty for half a. century. Who would be able to give another example tinent. punishment in a court, a curse or silence. "Then the authority of the advanced struc­ "And now against Sakharov they pick up from our planet or a social structure or state system so convinced of its stability? Let the ture may falter. But when timid, isolated again the worn-out and beslobbered trump protests are heard, without every belief in ca.rd of the thirties-help to foreign intelli­ admirers compare this with Greece if they like. their success and with the compulsory gence services. What savagery! Would a. man reservations 'the same thing happens in who has armed them with the most terrible "When at the end of the forties we were choked with 25-yea.r terms, we only read in Greece, Turkey, Spa.in', then this evokes only weapon, a weapon on which their power has the laughter of the aggressors. rested for decades and still rests, give help the papers a.bout the unprecedented reprisals in Greece. Today in many of the statements "When the racial composition of a. basket­ to foreign intelligence services? That borders ball team becomes a. bigger world event than on utter shamelessness and utter ingrati­ from the Western press and western person­ alities, even from those who are most sensi­ the daily injections given to prisoners in tude." (Dr. Sakharov was principal developer psychiatric clinics, injections that destroy of the Soviet hydrogen bomb.) tive to oppression and persecutions in the your brain, then what else ca.n you feel but Solzhenitsyn was asked about the recent east, in order to create an artificial balance in the face of left-wing circles, there must al­ contempt towards an egotistic, short-sighted expulsion of Mr. Vladimir Maksimov from and defendless civilization?" the Writers' Union, the official body from ways be the reservation: the same thing hap­ which Solzhenitsyn was also barred. pens in Greece, Spain, Turkey. . . . Solzhenitsyn said: "Our prisons retreat "About the Writers Union I would not like "I dare to declare that there is no such and hide from the light of world publicity. to talk seriously", he replied. "What kind o! 'the same thing happens'. I dare make the It was planned to give Amalrik a long, long Writers' Union is it if it is led by generals of observation that in all these countries vio­ sentence as early as 1970, but they were the KGB like Viktor Ilin? lence does not reach the level of today's gas forced to give him an everyday charge and "But Vladimir Maksimov is an honest, chambers, the prison psychiatric clinics. three years." courageous writer who in a disinterested "I dare observe that Greece is not sur­ "And now because of renewed world pub- and sacrificing manner is dedicated to truth rounded by a concrete wall and with elec­ licity they have been forced to limit them­ and has already been very successful 1n th& tronic murderers at the border, and young selves to only three years additional. Other­ search for truth. Therefore his expulsion Greeks don't pass in hundreds over the lethal wise it would have been more. September 17, 1973 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD - SENATE 29803 "But the Western world has drawn an in­ try not to know about the sufferings of oth­ "One cannot accept that the disastrous complete lesson from this, has :..iot shown ers (and your own or one's own future suf­ course of history is impossible to undo, that enough feeling to realize that our persecuted ferings), to yield in many situations, even a soul with confidence in itself cannot influ­ are not only grateful for the protection, but important spiritual and central ones-as ence the most powerful force in the world. also provide a lofty example of spiritual long as it prolongs one's wellbeing. "From the experience of the last genera­ endurance and willingness to sacrifice at the "And suddenly, reaching the last frontiers, tions it seems to me that it is fully proved very point of death and under the syringe that only the inflexibility of the human soul of the murderer-psychiatrists. when man is already stricken, with poverty which firmly puts itself on the front lin e "There is one psychological peculiarity in and nakedness and deprived of everything against attacking violence and with readiness the human being that always strikes you: that seemingly adorns his life-then he finds to sacrifice and death declares, 'Not one step to shun even the slightest signs of trouble in himself enough firmness to support him­ further'-only this inflexibility of the soul on the outer edge of your existence at time self on the final step and give up his life, is the real defence of personal peace, univer­ of wellbeing when you are free of care, to but not his principles. sal peace, and of all mankind."-AP.

SENATE.-Monday, September 17, 1973 The Senate met at 11 a.m. and was NOTICE OF MOTION TO SUSPEND THE JOURNAL called to order by Hon. SAM NUNN, a THE RULE-AMENDMENT TO Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask Senator from the State of Georgia. STATE, JUSTICE, AND COMMERCE, unanimous consent that the reading of THE JUDICIARY, AND RELATED the Jomnal of the proceedings of Thurs­ AGENCIES APPROPRIATION BILL, PRAYER day, September 13, 1973, be dispensed 1974 with. The Reverend Edgar J. Mundinger, AMENDMENT NO . 486 pastor, Christ Lutheran Chmch of Wash­ The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ (Ordered to be printed, and to lie on pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. ington, Washington, D.C., offered the the table.) following prayer: Under authority of the order of the O God, You made us for Yourself and Senate of January 29, 1973, Mr. PASTORE MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE You know our hearts are restless until, on September 13, 1973, submitted the following notice in writing: A message from the House of Repre­ in You, they find rest. Give grace, we sentatives by Mr. Hackney, one of its pray, to this august assembly that as the In accordance with rule XL, of the Stand­ reading clerks, announced that the ing Rules of the Senate, I hereby give notice Members of this body confer together House had passed the bill (S. 2075) to they may combine their positions of hon­ in writing that it is my intention to move to suspend paragraph 4 of rule XVI for the pur­ authorize the Secretary of the Interior or and power with awe and humility and to undertake a feasibility investigation of deep dependence upon Your divine guid­ pose of proposing to the bill (H.R. 8916) making appropriations for the Departments McGee Creek Reservoir, Okla., with ance. Help them to seek and promote the amendments, in which it requested the unity of the people of om land. Give to of State, Justice, and Commerce, the judi­ ciary, and related agencies for the fiscal year concurrence of the Senate. them the blessing of sound judgment, The message also announced that the skill in making wise decisions, patience ending June 30, 1973, and for other purposes, the following amendment, namely: House had passed a bill (H.R. 9639) to be so that no one will too hmried to act Page 14, after line 3, insert the following: amend the National School Lunch and in due time, and to act to be mutually "SEc. 105. None of the funds appropriated Child Nutrition Acts for the pmpose of helpful. in this title shall be available for obligation, providing additional Federal financial Gracious God, increase in them and in except upon the enactment into law of au­ assistance to the school lunch and school all of our citizenry the virtues of faith, thorizing legislation." hope, and love. That we may do what is breakfast programs, in which it requested Your will, help us all to love what You Mr. PASTORE also submitted an the concurrence of the Senate. command. amendment, inter_ded to be proposed by And so guide the affairs of state this him, to House bill 8916, making appro­ HOUSE BILL REFERRED day that may be full of achievements priations for the Departments of State, that will glorify the Holy Trinity, and Justice, and Commerce, the judiciary, The bill (H.R. 9639) to amend the Na­ bless the people of these United States and related agencies for the fiscal year tional School Lunch and Child Nutri­ of America, through Jesus Christ, Your ending June 30, 1973, and for other tion Acts for the purpose of providing pmposes. additional Federal financial assistance to Son, our Lord and our Redeemer. Amen. the school lunch and school breakfast (The text of the amendment is printed programs was read twice by its title and above.) referred to the Committee on Agricul­ APPOINTMENT OF ACTING PRESI­ ture and Forestry. DENT PRO TEMPORE The PRESIDING OFFICER. The clerk MESSAGE FROM THE HOUSE RE­ WAIVER OF THE CALL OF THE will please read a communication to the CEIVED DURING ADJOURNMENT CALENDAR Senate from the President pro tempore Under authority of the order of the Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask (Mr. EASTLAND). Senate of September 13, 1973, the Secre­ unanimous consent that the call of the The second assistant legislative clerk tary of the Senate, on September 13, legislative calendar, under rule VII, be read the following letter: 1973, received the following message dispensed with. U.S. SENATE, from the House of Representatives: The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ PRESIDENT PRO TEMPORE, That the Speaker of the House had pore. Without objection, it is so ordered. Washington, D.a., September 17, 1973. affixed his signature to the enrolled bill To the Senate: Being temporarily absent from the Senate (S. 1841) to amend the Communications on official duties, I appoint Hon. SAM NUNN, Act of 1934 with regard to the broadcast­ COMMITI'EE MEETINGS DURING a Senator from the State of Georgia, to per­ ing of certain professional sports clubs' SENATE SESSION form the duties of the Chair during my games. Mr. MANSFIELD. Mr. President, I ask absence. Subsequently, under authority of the unanimous consent that all committees JAMES 0. EASTLAND, order of the Senate of September 13, Presi dent pro tempore. may be authorized to meet during the 1973, the Acting President pro tempore session of the Senate today. Mr. NUNN thereupon took the chair (Mr. METCALF) signed the above enrolled The ACTING PRESIDENT pro tem­ as Acting President pro tempore. bill. pore. Without objection, it is so ordered.