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Report of the Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT)

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Report of the Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT) ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 SCICOM STEERING GROUP ON ECOSYSTEM PRESSURES AND IMPACTS ICES CM 2016/SSGEPI:06 REF. SCICOM Report of the Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT) 18–21 April 2016 Gdansk, Poland International Council for the Exploration of the Sea Conseil International pour l’Exploration de la Mer H. C. Andersens Boulevard 44–46 DK-1553 Copenhagen V Denmark Telephone (+45) 33 38 67 00 Telefax (+45) 33 93 42 15 www.ices.dk [email protected] Recommended format for purposes of citation: ICES. 2016. Report of the Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT), 18–21 April 2016, Gdansk, Poland. ICES CM 2016/SSGEPI:06. 183 pp. For permission to reproduce material from this publication, please apply to the General Secretary. The document is a report of an Expert Group under the auspices of the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea and does not necessarily represent the views of the Council. © 2016 International Council for the Exploration of the Sea ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 | i Contents Executive summary ................................................................................................................ 3 1 Administrative details .................................................................................................. 5 2 Terms of Reference and Summary of work plan ..................................................... 5 3 Summary of Achievements of the WG during 3-year term ................................... 7 4 Final report on ToRs ...................................................................................................... 7 5 Cooperation .................................................................................................................. 10 6 Summary of Working Group evaluation and conclusions .................................. 11 Annex 1: List of participants and contributors 2013–2016 ............................................. 16 Annex 2: Recommendations ............................................................................................... 18 Annex 3: Copy of the Working Group self-evaluation ................................................. 19 Annex 4: WGEXT resolution for multi-annual ToRs 2017–2019 .................................. 22 Annex 5: Detailed report of the WGEXT 2016 meeting ................................................. 26 Summary ........................................................................................................................ 26 1. Opening of the meeting ........................................................................................... 26 2. Adoption of the agenda ........................................................................................... 27 3. Terms of Reference ................................................................................................... 27 4. Term of Reference A1: Review annual data on marine extraction activities including volumes, spatial areas and the collection of geospatial data on extraction locations in the form of shapefiles ................ 29 5. Terms of Reference B - J: Updates on Progress ..................................................... 35 6. Revision of ToRs and new ToRs for 2016 to 2018 ................................................. 57 7. Presentations given to the WGEXT ....................................................................... 57 8. Closure of the Meeting and Adoption of the Report .......................................... 57 9. List of participants and contributors 2016 ............................................................. 58 10. WGEXT Agenda Annual Meeting 2016 ............................................................... 61 11. ToR A1: Review of National Marine Aggregate Extraction Activities ............ 63 12. ToR A2: Review of development in marine resource mapping, legal regime and policy, environmental impact assessment, research and monitoring and the use of ICES Guidelines on marine aggregate extraction ............................................................................................................. 86 13. ToR G (G1, G2): Harmonization ........................................................................... 97 14. ToR H: Archaeological, cultural and geomorphological values .................... 104 15. ToR I (I1): Cumulative assessment ..................................................................... 117 16. ToR J: Review of Decision Criteria for Requiring Environmental Impact Assessments ......................................................................................... 134 ii | ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 17. Presentations to WGEXT ..................................................................................... 140 18. OSPAR National Contact Points for Sand and Gravel Extraction ................. 143 19. Marine Aggregate Extraction and Marine Strategy Framework Directive: A review of existing research ........................................................ 145 20. Synthesis and future course of monitoring marine sand extraction in The Netherlands ............................................................................................... 177 ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 | 3 Executive summary The main objective of the Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT) is to provide a summary of data on marine sediment extraction (ToR A1), marine resource and habitat mapping, changes to the legal regime and policy, and research projects relevant to the assessment of environmental effects (ToR A2). The data on marine sediment extraction will be reported to OSPAR on a yearly basis in Interim Reports. The other items will be addressed in Final Reports. During the Annual Meeting in 2013, at the beginning of the new 3-year period, WGEXT decides to formulate new Terms of Reference (ToRs), besides the existing ToRs A1 and A2, on topics which the group believe are important issues to be addressed. Nine new ToRs were formulated, most of them were intended for more than 3 years. The new Terms of Reference were: B (ICES aggregate database); C (Marine Strategy Framework directive); D (Publications); E (Mitigation); F (Deep sea mining); G ( Harmonization); H (Cultural Heritage); I (Cumulative assessment); J (Environmental Impact Assessment). During and between the annual meetings of 2014, 2015 and 2016 these ToRs were discussed and results were formulated. Contributions were provided by correspondence from members who could not attend. Yearly for all ICES-countries data on marine sediment extraction, including amounts of extraction, spatial extent of licensed areas, spatial extent of extracted areas, geospatial shapefile information is published in the Annual Reports and delivered to OSPAR. This input is necessary for the Quality State Reports and for the Marine Strategy Framework Directive of the European Union. The ICES database will be used for uploading the WGEXT information. A template for the WGEXT database was proposed. WGEXT will also continue to discuss the feasibility of developing the complexity of the database. Future expansion of the database is expected to be driven by inquiries from potential users. Concerning the Marine Strategy framework Directive an inventory is made on the way marine sediment extraction is mentioned in the MSFD documents. A review article on “Marine Aggregate Extraction and Marine Strategy Framework Directive: A review of existing research” is nearly finished. The possibility of recovery after sediment extraction should be acknowledged by incorporate it in the criteria and by taken it into account with the assessment of the Good Environmental Status. At the ICES Annual Science Conference 2016 a session is initiated by WGEXT on “Making marine sediment extraction sustainable by mitigation of related processes with potential negative impacts”. On the item of harmonization only intensity of extraction is necessary to address. After discussions of the defining of intensity methods are developed to compare the intensity of extraction in different countries. This item will be incorporated in ToR I in the coming years. An inventory is made of procedures and legislation concerning aggregate extraction and cultural heritage for each ICES member country. 4 | ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 An inventory is made of the legal thresholds for an Environmental Impact Assessment for each ICES member country. Terms of reference G, H and J are completed. The other Terms of Reference will continue. New Terms of Reference are formulated on impacts of marine sediment extraction on fish and fisheries and on implications of marine spatial planning on marine sediment extraction. ICES WGEXT REPORT 2016 | 5 1 Administrative details Working Group name Working Group on the Effects of Extraction of Marine Sediments on the Marine Ecosystem (WGEXT) Year of Appointment 2014 Reporting year within current cycle (1, 2 or 3) 3 Chair(s) Ad Stolk, the Netherlands Meeting venue(s) and dates 2–5 June 2014, Reykjavik, Iceland (13 participants) 20–23 April 2015, Ostend, Belgium (10 participants) 18–21 April 2016, Gdansk, Poland (12 participants) 2 Terms of Reference and Summary of work plan a) oR A Review annual data on marine extraction activities A1. Review data on volumes, spatial areas and the collection of geospatial data on extraction locations in the form of shape files for OSPAR. To be produced every year (interim and final reports) and sent to OSPAR. A2. Review
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