Underfloor Heating Guide
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IRITS-0313-040 EUEN 0518 DEC Refrigerated Dryer Datasheet.Indd
Dec High-Efficiency Cycling Dryers 42-5,400 m3/hr Achieve maximum energy savings, while ensuring a continuous supply of dry high-quality air. increase reliability. Features such as dryer self-regulation and plug-and-play installation make start-up convenient, while readily-available parts make ongoing maintenance simple and easy. Advanced Environmental Sustainability By shutting off the compressor during low loads, Dec dryers dramatically reduce energy waste. Dec dryers use R134a and R407c refrigerants that are environmentally-friendly with low global warming potential to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions. High-quality components provide longer lasting dryers that require fewer replacement parts, minimising environmental impact. Higher Efficiency, Lower Cost The high-efficiency design and construction of Ingersoll Energy Savings by Technology Rand Dec cycling dryers helps you achieve better 4.0 performance, while reducing energy consumption. The Dec Dryer 3.5 patented high-efficiency heat exchanger, combined with Non-Cycling 3.0 Dryers a thermal mass circuit, helps save energy at any load. The kW 2.5 Variable Speed highly efficient refrigerant compressor is automatically Drive Dryers 2.0 deactivated to save energy when not needed. 1.5 Energy Savings Consumption 1.0 Reliability and Simplicity through Experience 0.5 Utilising extensive dryer design experience, the Ingersoll Rand 0.0 Dec dryer includes features like microprocessor control 02025507580100 and a heavy-duty electronic no-loss (ENL) drain that % Load Efficiency Is the Bottom Line The Dec dryer’s efficient design and construction are evident in terms of superior air quality and throughput with a lower Low Operating Cost cost of operation. -
Thermal Mass
Thermal Mass • What is Thermal Mass? • Types of Thermal Mass • Historical Applications • Thermal Properties of Materials • Analyzing Heat/Cool Storage • Strategies • Other Factors • Computer Analysis • Bibliography Thermal Mass • Thermal mass refers to materials have the capacity to store thermal energy for extended periods. • Thermal mass can be used effectively to absorb daytime heat gains (reducing cooling load) and release the heat during the night (reducing heat load). Types of Thermal Mass • Traditional types of thermal mass include water, rock, earth, brick, concrete, fibrous cement, caliche, and ceramic tile. • Phase change materials store energy while maintaining constant temperatures, using chemical bonds to store & release latent heat. PCM’s include solid-liquid Glauber’s salt, paraffin wax, and the newer solid-solid linear crystalline alkyl hydrocarbons (K-18: 77oF phase transformation temperature). PCM’s can store five to fourteen times more heat per unit volume than traditional materials. (source: US Department of Energy). Historical Applications • The use of thermal mass in shelter dates back to the dawn of humans, and until recently has been the prevailing strategy for building climate control in hot regions. Egyptian mud-brick storage rooms (3200 years old). The lime-pozzolana (concrete) Roman Pantheon Today, passive techniques such as thermal mass are ironically considered “alternative” methods to mechanical heating and cooling, yet the appropriate use of thermal mass offers an efficient integration of structure and thermal services. Thermal Properties of Materials The basic properties that indicate the thermal behavior of materials are: density (p), specific heat (cm), and conductivity (k). The specific heat for most masonry materials is similar (about 0.2-0.25Wh/kgC). -
A Simplified Ground Thermal Response Model for Analyzing
1 A Simplified Ground Thermal Response 2 Model for Analyzing Solar-Assisted Ground 3 Source Heat Pump Systems 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Jamie P. Fine, Hiep V. Nguyen, Jacob Friedman, Wey H. Leong, and Seth B. Dworkin* 11 12 Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering 13 Ryerson University 14 350 Victoria Street, Toronto, Canada 15 (*Corresponding author: [email protected]) 16 17 Abstract 18 19 Ground source heat pump systems that are installed in areas with heating or cooling dominant 20 seasons, or in buildings with utilization characteristics that lead to a disparity in demand, often 21 encounter challenges related to ground thermal imbalance. This imbalance can lead to long-term 22 ground temperature changes and may cause premature system failure. This paper focuses on 23 combining a ground source heat pump system with a solar thermal array, with the goal of 24 eliminating the effect of ground thermal imbalance, and minimizing system lifetime cost. A 25 thermal mass ground heat transfer model is combined with a time-stepping model to analyze the 26 system for a variety of solar array sizes. The details associated with this modelling technique are 27 presented, and case studies are provided to illustrate the results of the calculations for three 28 different buildings. It is shown that increasing the solar array size can offset ground thermal 29 imbalances, but increasing the array size also results in a larger initial system cost. An economic 30 analysis is then carried out to determine the system lifetime cost as a function of this solar array 31 size, and an optimal array size from an economic perspective was found. -
A Comprehensive Review of Thermal Energy Storage
sustainability Review A Comprehensive Review of Thermal Energy Storage Ioan Sarbu * ID and Calin Sebarchievici Department of Building Services Engineering, Polytechnic University of Timisoara, Piata Victoriei, No. 2A, 300006 Timisoara, Romania; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +40-256-403-991; Fax: +40-256-403-987 Received: 7 December 2017; Accepted: 10 January 2018; Published: 14 January 2018 Abstract: Thermal energy storage (TES) is a technology that stocks thermal energy by heating or cooling a storage medium so that the stored energy can be used at a later time for heating and cooling applications and power generation. TES systems are used particularly in buildings and in industrial processes. This paper is focused on TES technologies that provide a way of valorizing solar heat and reducing the energy demand of buildings. The principles of several energy storage methods and calculation of storage capacities are described. Sensible heat storage technologies, including water tank, underground, and packed-bed storage methods, are briefly reviewed. Additionally, latent-heat storage systems associated with phase-change materials for use in solar heating/cooling of buildings, solar water heating, heat-pump systems, and concentrating solar power plants as well as thermo-chemical storage are discussed. Finally, cool thermal energy storage is also briefly reviewed and outstanding information on the performance and costs of TES systems are included. Keywords: storage system; phase-change materials; chemical storage; cold storage; performance 1. Introduction Recent projections predict that the primary energy consumption will rise by 48% in 2040 [1]. On the other hand, the depletion of fossil resources in addition to their negative impact on the environment has accelerated the shift toward sustainable energy sources. -
Underfloor Heating and Renewables
How to heat your home in the best possible way with underfloor heating and renewables We believe that choosing the right heating system Freedom to choose An expertly-designed UFH system gives you the freedom to choose – where to put your for your home should be simple and stress free, so furniture and how to set the temperature of each room to suit your lifestyle. we take care of every detail to provide confidence, comfort and peace of mind. Feel the difference Designed for your home As the only heating company awarded a Whatever the age, size or construction of UK Customer Satisfaction Awards 2018 WINNER Distinction from the Institute of Customer your home, chances are it’s suitable for Service, you can trust Nu-Heat to provide underfloor heating (UFH). Our experts will you with all the support you need, from initial go further to ensure precise performance discussions with your dedicated Account of your heating system. If you choose Nu-Heat UFH for your home, you can expect to: Manager to tips on controlling your heating Whether you’re planning a new build, from our Technical Support team. Feel the difference with a consistent, even Pocket the difference with low running costs Tailor the difference with a bespoke, tackling an extension or giving your existing heat across your whole floor – no more cold from your efficient heating solution – no whole-house heating solution tailored Our award-winning products and customer home a complete overhaul, we design your feet or draughty, cold rooms. more wasted energy. to your property’s build type – no more service, along with our unbeatable expertise heating system to be a perfect fit. -
Domestic Heat Pumps a Best Practice Guide
Domestic Heat Pumps A Best Practice Guide Introduction The number of heat pumps installed in the UK has increased significantly over the past few years with around 20,0001 domestic heat pumps installed every year. This is expected to increase further due to rising fuel costs, government policy and the shift towards a more decarbonised grid. Therefore the potential market for heat pumps is huge. Scope and purpose However, for heat pumps to reach their full The purpose of this MCS Best Practice Heat potential it is vitally important that end users, Pump Guide is to support designers and particularly householders can make an informed installers of domestic scale heat pumps in choice and have confidence that once installed the selection, installation and commissioning their system will deliver on any benefits claimed of such heat pumps, including smaller in the contract. commercial scale, to ensure optimum performance for all parties involved but From an installation point of view, this can be especially the consumer. It also tries to achieved by applying best practice throughout improve the interface between installer and the whole customer journey. From pre-sales, consumer in encouraging information flow design and installation to commissioning such as performance estimates and the and handover. implications of consumer law. As an installer, this MCS Best Practice Heat MCS intends to issue specific advice for Pump Guide aims to assist you with all of consumers as a separate document. these stages. Consequently this guide primarily focuses -
Underfloor Heating Systems Are 100 W/M2 for Concrete Floors and 70 W/M2 for Timber Suspended Floors
INSTALLATION INSTRUCTIONS ONE LARGE ZONE Unit 1 79 Friar Street Worcester WR1 2NT Tel: 01905 616 928 Fax:01905 611 240 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.underfloorheatingsystems.co.uk 1. Installation Read this entire document first! Pipe distance for concrete floor is c/c 200 mm to c/c 250 mm and for timber suspended floors c/c 200 mm. Pipe to be 100 mm from the walls. Always go with flow to the cold spots first. See hand sketch for typical layout. Max loop length is 110 m. Max loop length is 110 m. If the pipe comes in a 200 m coil, it is sometimes much easier to work with the pipe if cut in half, ie 2 pcs of 100 m coils. Also we recommend two people for fitting the pipe, one person that holds the coil and another person to clip the pipe into the insulation. Fix the pipe to the insulation with the clips provided. You need approximate 1 to 2 clips per metre of pipe. The manifold and control pack should always be located centrally in the building. The PRT room thermostat timer controls the pump. Note, see system layout provided in this document for typical layout. Also, see wiring diagram provided. The system needs to have independent control from the boiler, ie S-plan system with a two port valve. Try to use all the pipework supplied. You will usually have waste. The pipe is marked every metre so you know when it is time to go back to the manifold. -
Comparative Study for Underfloor Heating System Using Boiler Or Heat Pump
An-Najah National University Faculty of Graduate Studies Comparative Study for Underfloor Heating System using Boiler or Heat Pump By Hussein Ishaq Hussein Awad Supervisor Dr. Abdelrahim Abu Safa This Thesis is Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Clean Energy and Conservation Strategy, Faculty of Graduate Studies, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine. 2014 iii DEDICATION To my father soul …. To my mother, brothers and sisters……. To my wife, daughter…… To my uncles & Grand Father…… To all friends and colleagues……… To everyone working in this field…… To all of them, I dedicate this work. iv ACKNOWLEDGMENTS It is an honor for me to have the opportunity to say a word to thank all people who helped me to complete this study, although it is impossible to include all of them here. All appreciations go to my supervisor, Dr. Abdelrahim Abusafa for his exceptional guidance and insightful comments and observations throughout the implementation of this project. My thanks and appreciations go to the staff of Clean Energy and Conservation Strategy Engineering Master Program in An- Najah National University, especially Dr. Imad Ibrik, Prof. Marwan Mahmoud & Dr. Mohammad Sayed for their valuable suggestions and assistance. This project would not have been possible without the endless support and contributions from my family, especially my mother for her kindness, my wife for here encouragement and patience, my brothers and sisters for their support, also for my friends especially Eng. Azeez Arafeh, Eng. Islam Shabaneh & Eng. Ra’fat Naser Al-Deen, and colleagues for their useful help, and to everyone who contributed to complete this effort. -
Cycling Refrigerated Air Dryers — Are Savings Significant?
| 11/11 SUSTAINABLE MANUFACTURING FEATURES CYCLING REFRIGERATED AIR DRYERS — ARE SAVINGS SIGNIFICANT? BY TIMOTHY J. FOX AND RON MARSHALL FOR THE COMPRESSED AIR CHALLENGE® One of the many tasks in assessing a compressed air system supply refrigerated dryers that have different energy implications, especially side is to analyze the air treatment system for appropriateness and when the dryers are subject to partial heat and moisture loading. In efficiency. Most compressed air systems have one or more air dryers order to make a good choice in terms of energy efficiency, the purchaser in place to remove the water vapor contained in the compressed air should take care in understanding the operating characteristics of the produced by the system air compressors. If there is no air dryer, the different refrigerated dryer options available. normally hot saturated air produced by the air compressors will cool Air compressors consume the majority of the power required by a in downstream system components, and condensed water will form in compressed air system; a well running system requiring between 18 and pressurized system pipework. This water may contaminate downstream 22 kW of energy input per 100 scfm of air produced at a compressor air-powered tools and production machinery with rust, oil and pipe discharge pressure of about 100 psig (kW/100 cfm is called specific debris. Refrigerated style dryers are typically used in industrial plants power). Fully loaded refrigerated air dryer specific power levels range to process general industrial compressed air that would be use by tools between 0.6 and 0.8 kW per 100 scfm, or about 3 to 4% of the total and pneumatic machinery. -
Underfloor Heating Systems :///Users//Downloads/ LDS7 FINAL.Pdf
CI/SfB (53) First Issue April 2019 Underfloor Heating Systems :///Users//Downloads/ LDS7_FINAL.pdf SUPERIOR HEATING SOLUTIONS SINCE 1980 2 Firebird Envirofloor™ Underfloor Heating Systems An economical and environmentally friendly alternative to traditional heating and hot water systems. Firebird Products Ltd are market-leading manufacturers of heating products with a proven track record built on the global supply of heating systems. Established in Ireland in 1980, the Firebird name has become synonymous with performance, quality and innovative design. At the forefront of technology, Firebird are committed to providing cost-effective, energy-efficient heating solutions that not only meet, but easily exceed today’s stringent legislative requirements. Historically an oil-fired boiler manufacturer, the product range has been expanded to include air source heat pumps, biomass boilers & stoves, solar thermal systems and underfloor heating systems. @firebirdboilers www.firebird.uk.com 3 Underfloor Heating Systems Underfloor heating is not a new concept and dates back to Roman times when hot gasses from a fire or furnace passed through a network of flues under the floor of the building. From the 1960’s onwards, various modern systems have been introduced which include expensive to run electric underfloor heating and steel pipes, which had expensive material costs. In 1975 plastic underfloor heating pipe was introduced into the UK which greatly reduced the material cost and allowed wider access to this highly efficient way of heating. Suitable for both new build and renovation projects, Envirofloor underfloor heating systems are ‘wet’ underfloor heating is the most efficient way suitable for a wide range of ground and upper to provide space heating as it is up to 25% more floor constructions. -
Life Cycle Assessment of Novel Heat Exchanger for Dry Cooling of Power
Applied Energy 271 (2020) 115227 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Applied Energy journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apenergy Life cycle assessment of novel heat exchanger for dry cooling of power T plants based on encapsulated phase change materials ⁎ Lige Zhanga, Sabrina Spatarib,c, Ying Suna, a Drexel University, Department of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA b Drexel University, Department of Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, 3141 Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA c Technion – Israel Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Haifa 32000, Israel HIGHLIGHTS GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT • An air-cooled heat exchanger with high coefficient of performance (COP) is developed. • The novel heat exchanger (HX) is based on encapsulated phase change material (EPCM). • The EPCM HX is compared with wet cooling tower (WCT) and air-cooled condenser (ACC) • Compared with the WCT, the EPCM HX reduces 13.3% GHG emission and 72% water usage. • The EPCM HX achieves 2.5 × COP compared to ACCs at 11.5% reduced cost. ARTICLE INFO ABSTRACT Keywords: Cooling systems in power plants account for approximately 40% of total freshwater withdrawals in the U.S. Due Power plant cooling to dwindling access to freshwater resources worldwide, continued operation of wet cooling systems poses a Dry cooling technology significant engineering challenge. To reduce water consumption, a novel air-cooled heat exchanger hasbeen Phase change materials developed -
Analysis and Comparison of Some Low-Temperature Heat Sources for Heat Pumps
Article Analysis and Comparison of Some Low-Temperature Heat Sources for Heat Pumps Pavel Neuberger * and Radomír Adamovský Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, Kamýcká 129, 165 21 Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +420-224-383-179 Received: 12 April 2019; Accepted: 13 May 2019; Published: 15 May 2019 Abstract: The efficiency of a heat pump energy system is significantly influenced by its low- temperature heat source. This paper presents the results of operational monitoring, analysis and comparison of heat transfer fluid temperatures, outputs and extracted energies at the most widely used low temperature heat sources within 218 days of a heating period. The monitoring involved horizontal ground heat exchangers (HGHEs) of linear and Slinky type, vertical ground heat exchangers (VGHEs) with single and double U-tube exchanger as well as the ambient air. The results of the verification indicated that it was not possible to specify clearly the most advantageous low- temperature heat source that meets the requirements of the efficiency of the heat pump operation. The highest average heat transfer fluid temperatures were achieved at linear HGHE (8.13 ± 4.50 °C) and double U-tube VGHE (8.13 ± 3.12 °C). The highest average specific heat output 59.97 ± 41.80 W/m2 and specific energy extracted from the ground mass 2723.40 ± 1785.58 kJ/m2·day were recorded at single U-tube VGHE. The lowest thermal resistance value of 0.07 K·m2/W, specifying the efficiency of the heat transfer process between the ground mass and the heat transfer fluid, was monitored at linear HGHE.