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Exploring Behavioral Prevention Strategies for Dental Caries in Qatari Primary Schools: a Case Study Approach Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Asnani’ – my teeth – exploring behavioral prevention strategies for dental caries in Qatari primary schools: A case study approach Alyafei, Najat Award date: 2021 Awarding institution: Bangor University Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 06. Oct. 2021 Bangor University DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Asnani’ – my teeth – exploring behavioral prevention strategies for dental caries in Qatari primary schools: A case study approach Alyafei, Najat Award date: 2021 Awarding institution: Bangor University Link to publication General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. • Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. • You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain • You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal ? Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 04. Mar. 2021 i ‘Asnani’ – my teeth – exploring behavioral prevention strategies for dental caries in Qatari primary schools: A case study approach Najat A. Rabbo J. S. Alyafei PRIFYSGOL BANGOR UNIVERSITY Thesis Submitted in Candidature for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Bangor University, Wales January 2021 School of HealthCare Science Bangor University, Wales iii TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………………………...……vii DEDICATION……………………………………………………………………………...xiii ABSTRACT .............................................................................................................................. 9 PREAMBLE: A REFLEXIVE ACCOUNT ........................................................................ 11 STRUCTURE OF THESIS…………………………………………………………………16 GLOSSARY OF ABBREVATIONS…………………………………………………….....18 CHAPTER ONE .................................................................................................................... 19 Introduction And Background Context ............................................................................... 19 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 19 Aims and Objectives ................................................................................................................. 19 Research Questions .................................................................................................................. 21 Context of Oral Health in Qatar .............................................................................................. 32 The State of Qatar .................................................................................................................... 33 Culture and religion of Qatar .................................................................................................. 34 CHAPTER TWO ................................................................................................................... 49 Development Of Theoretical Framework ............................................................................ 49 CHAPTER THREE ............................................................................................................... 70 Phase 1: Scoping Review ....................................................................................................... 70 Introduction.............................................................................................................................. 70 Objectives of the Scoping Review ............................................................................................ 70 Approach and Methods ............................................................................................................ 70 Study Design ............................................................................................................................ 72 Study Selection ......................................................................................................................... 73 Included studies. ...................................................................................................................... 74 Data extraction and analysis ................................................................................................... 81 Findings: Themes from the Review .......................................................................................... 82 Literature Gap ....................................................................................................................... 113 Overall Summary of Scoping Review Finding ....................................................................... 114 CHAPTER FOUR…………………………………………………………………………118 Phase 2: Qualitative Case Study Methodology And Methods ......................................... 118 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 118 Philosophical Underpinnings ................................................................................................ 119 Theoretical Propositions ........................................................................................................ 125 iv Method ................................................................................................................................... 135 Data Analysis ......................................................................................................................... 134 Study Limitations ................................................................................................................... 139 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 140 CHAPTER FIVE ................................................................................................................. 141 Phase 2: Case Study Findings ............................................................................................. 141 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 141 Study Participants .................................................................................................................. 142 Themes from Pupils’ Interviews............................................................................................. 144 Themes from Parents Interviews ............................................................................................ 156 Themes from Teachers’ & School Nurses’ Interviews ........................................................... 182 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 207 CHAPTER SIX .................................................................................................................... 210 Co-Production Workshop: Approach And Findings ....................................................... 210 Introduction............................................................................................................................ 210 Methods .................................................................................................................................. 210 Workshop participants. .......................................................................................................... 211 The pre-plenary process. ....................................................................................................... 212 The workshop process. ........................................................................................................... 212 Positioning analysis. .............................................................................................................. 212 Findings ................................................................................................................................. 213 Synthesis ................................................................................................................................. 227 Summary ................................................................................................................................ 229 CHAPTER SEVEN .............................................................................................................
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