DOCSLIB.ORG

Fast Curing of Composite Wood Products Program Review

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Fast Curing of Composite Wood Products Program Review Fast Curing of Composite Wood Products Program Review by A.J. Ragauskas Research Team Institute of Paper Science and Technology Georgia Institute of Technology Art J. Ragauskas, Associate Professor Chemistry Dong Ho Kim, Post Doctoral Research Fellow Jason Montegna, MS student Auburn University School of Forestry Thomas Elder, Professor of Forestry Utilization of Southern Forest Products, USDA-Forest Service Southern Research Station, Pineville, LA Industrial Partners Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc. -Resins, press time, & Decatur, GA technical expertise Georgia-Pacific Building Products Louisiana-Pacific Corporation Sherwood, OR -Wood chips, technical expertise Weyerhaeuser OSB Business Tacoma, WA -Wood chips & technical expertise Project Objectives Develop low temperature curing technologies for composite wood products manufactured with UF and PF resins by: • Identifying rate limiting UF and PF curing reactions with current market resins. • Examining the use of new catalysts to accelerate curing reactions to reduced press temperatures and times. • Improve Board Properties. U.S. Technology Market • 20 MDF mills • 41 OSB mills • 48 PB mills 1. Debarking 2. Mechanically refined wood 3. Drying 3’. Resins/mat formation/pressing Project Deliverables • Characterize SW and HW woodchips • Prepare OSB, MDF, and PB • Characterize boards for physical strength properties & curing chemistry •NMR & DSC • Evaluate impact of extractives on composite board properties • Evaluate curing chemistry of PF and UF for composite board • Examine impact of plate pressure & temperature on curing resin chemistry • Design & evaluate effect of curing catalyst for composite board formation Program Deliverables • Evaluate pretreatments to mitigate detrimental wood extractives effects • Test catalyst curing technology • Employ catalyst to lower curing temperature • Characterize board properties and chemistry with new catalyst • Perform energy audit for new catalyzed composite board formation process • Final report Characterize Woodchips/Resins Commercial OSB Wood Strands % Extractives % Moisture Content Pine 4.2% 4.0% Aspen 4.4% 3.7% Hardwood 4.4% 7.1% Strand Dimensions: (0.5-0.7mm) x (20-30mm) x (20-40mm) Resins*: UF PF-3110 PF-3121 pH 7.5 11.0 9.7 Solids Content 64.4% 46.2% 58.8% * Commercial resins Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF and UF Gel Time Experiment • ASTM: D 3056-00 • 100.0oC • Insert sample into sample vial •Rapidly add catalyst • Begin stirring • Allow test specimen to remain in bath till stirring stops Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF and UF 40 35 30 25 20 15 Gel Time (min) Time Gel 10 5 0 UF Resin PF: 3121 PF: 3110 Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF and UF O 40 O O 35 O 30 H ) O 25 Me 20 O O Gel time (min 15 O Control 10 O tetraethylenepentamine O 5 10% Triacetin 10% Propylene Carbonate 0 O 10% Methyl Formate UF Resin PF: 3121 PF: 3110 HN NH2 N 2 Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF and UF 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 Control Gel Times (min) 5 5% Additive 1 10% Additive 1 0 15% Additive 1 UF PF: PF: Resin 3121 3110 Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF and UF 35 30 25 20 15 Gel time10 (min.) 5 0 Control 0.1% Additive 2 0.5% Additive 2 1.0% Additive 2 5.0% Additive 2 P P U F F: F :3 3 1 12 10 1 Evaluate Curing Chemistry UF: Binary Effects 40 35 30 25 20 15 Gel Time (min) Time Gel 10 5 0 Control 1% Methyl 10% Additive 1 1% MeF + 10% Formate Add. 1 Evaluate Curing Chemistry PF: Binary Effects 35 30 25 20 15 Gel Time (min) Time Gel 10 5 0 PF:3121 Control PF3110 1% P r o p y l e n e Carbonate 10 % A d d i t i v e 1 10 % A d d . 1 + 1% P r o p y l . Evaluation of Additive 1 For OSB Production Preliminary Studies OSB Production: Experimental Procedure •Wood strands were weighed to yield final board densities of approximately 0.62 gr/cm3. •The PF and UF resins/additives applied onto wood strands via air sprayer unit •Blended furnish was then hand felted into a form box with aluminum cauls. •Mat consolidation and curing were accomplished using a laboratory hydraulic press (Carver press, 6” x 6”). •PF resins treated strands were cured at a press temperature of 350oF with 2.8 Mpa pressure for 3 minutes. •UF treated strands were treated in a comparable method except the press temperature was 300oF. OSB Production: Experimental Procedure After board formation •All boards were conditioned at 20oC and 50% humidity for 72 hrs. Thickness swelling and water adsorption were measured according to ASTM D1037 and DIN52364. The specimens were soaked in deionized water at 20oC. After 2 hrs, the specimens were withdrawn from the water and wiped with a paper towel to remove excess water. Increases in weight and thickness during the immersion were calculated on a mass basis and expressed as percentage. OSB Laboratory Results 160 140 120 100 80 % increase 60 40 20 0 PF3110(5%) PF3110(5%)/Additive I (5%) PF3121(5%) PF3121(5%)/Additive 1(5%) UF(5%) UF(5%)/Additive 1(5%) W T a hi te ck r A ne b s so s rp Sw t. ell ing Preparation and Evaluation of Control and Additive OSB Production Follow-Up Studies OSB Follow-Up Studies: Pilot Plant OSB Strands: 2.1kg per a board Mat Dimension: 40.6 x 40.6 x 2.9 cm Mat Formation: One layer with random orientation Target Density: 0.688 gr/cm3 Resin Content: 3.5%(based on OD wt of strands) Wax Content: 1% on oven dry wood Resin: PF3110 Blend Moisture Content: 7.0-7.5% Press temp: 400oF Press pressure: 95, 120 tons - recommended by GP OSB Follow-Up Studies: Pilot Plant Thickness Sw elling: 2h 20 Water Absorption: 2h 18 16 14 12 10 8 6 % Change 4 2 0 Wa ter Absorption: 2h Thickness S w e llin g :2h OSB Follow-Up Studies: Pilot Plant 60 Thickness Sw elling: 24 h 50 Water Absorption: 24h 40 30 % Increase 20 10 0 Wa ter Absorption: 24h Thickness S w e llin g :24 h Control, 95tons 120tons tons Control, 120tons 0.5% Additive 2, 0.5% Additive 1% 1, 95tons Additive 2% 1,95tons Additive 5% Additive 1, 95tons5% Additive 1.5% 2, 120 Additive additive 2, 120 tons 0.5% 2, 5% Additive OSB Follow-Up Studies: Pilot Plant OSB Board IB Density/(kg/m3)IB/psi Control 4.50 min, 95 ton 705 36.9 4.75 min, 95 ton 692 37.8 Additive 1 1% 4.50 min, 95 ton 712 54.1 2% 4.50 min, 95 ton 700 45.3 4.75min, 95 ton 722 42.5 5% 4.50 min, 95 ton 707 39.2 OSB Follow-Up Studies: Pilot Plant OSB Board IB Density/(kg/m3)IB/psi Control 4.75 min, 120 ton 734 40.0 5.00 min, 120 ton 705 42.9 Additive 2 0.5% 4.75 min, 120 ton 689 43.1 1.0% 4.50 min, 120 ton 709 45.3 NMR Studies: PF and UF Curing OH OH OH PF resin Chemistry CH2 CH2 O OH OH HOH C CH OH 2 2 CH CH CH Heat 2 2 2 H2CO O O O Water Released CH2 CH2 CH2 Phenol CH2OH CH2 CH2 OH OH OH UF Curing Chemistry O O O H CO 2 OH H2CO HO OH H N NH 2 2 H2N NH HN NH Urea Monomethylol Urea Dimethylol Urea OO Heat HO NH NH N NH Loss of Water H2C HO N NH N NH H2C OO NMR Studies: PF and UF Curing C2-6 -CH2- C2-6 downfield -CH2-O- sidebands C =O C2-6 upfield 1 sidebands -COx Solid state CP/MAS 13C NMR spectrum of PF 3110 resin as curing of 64 minutes. NMR Studies: PF and UF Curing 3.0 F / P -CH2-/ P CH2-O / P o 2.0 Mol Rati 1.0 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Curing Time, min The mol ratio of methylene C to phenol C of the resin PF 3110. –CH2-/P: ratio of methylene/phenol; CH2-O /P : ratio of oxygenated methylene /phenol NMR Studies: PF and UF Curing 3.0 F / P -CH2-/ P CH2-O / P o 2.0 Mol Rati 1.0 0.0 0 20406080100120140 Curing Time, min The mol ratio of methylene C to phenol C of the resin PF 3121. –CH2-/P: ratio of methylene/phenol; CH2-O /P : ratio of oxygenated methylene /phenol NMR Studies: PF and UF Curing 3.0 o 2.0 F / U -CH2-/ U Mol Rati 1.0 CH2-OH /U 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 Curing Time, min The mol ratio of methylene C to urea C of the UF resin. –CH2-/U: ratio of methylene/urea; CH2-O /U : ratio of oxygenated methylene / urea; F/U: ratio of total methylene/ urea. Data indicated that the ratio of methylene and hydroxymethyl C/ urea C decreased as the curing proceeded. Evaluate Impact of Extractives on Composite Board Properties Evaluating Extractives: Exper. Procedure • Received industrial SW MDF, OSB, and PB furnish • Solvent extracted the wood furnish for 36 h • Used starting and extracted wood furnish for OSB, PB, and MDF • Tested for Physical Properties including: Thickness Swelling, Water Adsorption Evaluating Extractives: Experimental Results 140 120 100 80 % Change 60 40 20 0 OSB (PF:3110) OSB extractives free PB (UF) PB extractives free MDF (UF) MDF extractives free Water Absorption Thickness Sw elling Enzyme Pretreatment: OSB Results 80 75 70 65 % 60 55 50 45 40 O SB control O SB pretr Enzy 1 (1 U/g) O SB pretr Enzy 1 (5 U/g) O SB pretr Enzy II (1 U/g) OSB pretr Enzy II (5 U/g) % TS % WA Enzyme Pretreatment: Results % C h a n g e 130.0 12 0 .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pulp & Paper: Focus on Hardwood Opportunities
    Pulp & Paper: Focus on Hardwood Opportunities Sector Overview Disclaimer © New Forests 2017. This presentation is issued by and is the property of New Forests Asset Management Pty Ltd (New Forests) and may not be reproduced or used in any form or medium without express written permission. This document is dated 2017 with information as at September 30 2015. Statements are made only as of the date of this document unless otherwise stated. New Forests is not responsible for providing updated information to any person. The information contained in this document is of a general nature and is intended for discussion purposes only. The information set forth herein is based on information obtained from sources that New Forests believes to be reliable, but New Forests makes no representations as to, and accepts no responsibility or liability for, the accuracy, reliability or completeness of the information. Except insofar as liability under any statute cannot be excluded, New Forests, its associates, related bodies corporate, and all of their respective directors, employees and consultants, do not accept any liability for any loss or damage (whether direct, indirect, consequential or otherwise) arising from the use of this information. The information contained in this document may include financial and business projections that are based on a large number of assumptions, any of which could prove to be significantly incorrect. New Forests notes that all projections, valuations, and statistical analyses are subjective illustrations based on one or more among many alternative methodologies that may produce different results. Projections, valuations, and statistical analyses included herein should not be viewed as facts, predictions or the only possible outcome.
    [Show full text]
  • Short Rotation Intensive Culture of Willow, Spent Mushroom Substrate
    plants Article Short Rotation Intensive Culture of Willow, Spent Mushroom Substrate and Ramial Chipped Wood for Bioremediation of a Contaminated Site Used for Land Farming Activities of a Former Petrochemical Plant Maxime Fortin Faubert 1 , Mohamed Hijri 1,2 and Michel Labrecque 1,* 1 Institut de Recherche en biologie végétale, Université de Montréal and Jardin Botanique de Montréal, 4101 Sherbrooke East, Montréal, QC H1X 2B2, Canada; [email protected] (M.F.F.); [email protected] (M.H.) 2 African Genome Center, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Lot 660, Hay Moulay Rachid, Ben Guerir 43150, Morocco * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-514-978-1862 Abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the bioremediation impacts of willows grown in short rotation intensive culture (SRIC) and supplemented or not with spent mushroom substrate (SMS) and ramial chipped wood (RCW). Results did not show that SMS significantly improved either biomass production or phytoremediation efficiency. After the three growing seasons, RCW- amended S. miyabeana accumulated significantly more Zn in the shoots, and greater increases of some PAHs were found in the soil of RCW-amended plots than in the soil of the two other ground Citation: Fortin Faubert, M.; Hijri, cover treatments’ plots. Significantly higher Cd concentrations were found in the shoots of cultivar M.; Labrecque, M. Short Rotation ‘SX61’. The results suggest that ‘SX61’ have reduced the natural attenuation of C10-C50 that occurred Intensive Culture of Willow, Spent in the unvegetated control plots. The presence of willows also tended to increase the total soil Mushroom Substrate and Ramial concentrations of PCBs.
    [Show full text]
  • WOOD | Natural Woodchips™
    WOOD | Natural WoodChips™ TORGINOL® Natural WoodChips™ are manufactured from a range of premium quality natural and engineered wood veneer species. 4617 South Taylor Drive Reclaim your environment with the holistic serenity of organic wood. Sheboygan, WI 53081 | USA TORGINOL® Natural WoodChips™ will enhance your environment (920) 694-4800 [email protected] | www.torginol.com with ecological simplicity. This innovative wood flooring solution combines the hygienic benefits of seamless flooring with nature’s TYPICAL WOOD SYSTEM elegant wood grains, sustaining a timeless appeal for the life of your floor. PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS Color (Natural) Visual Evaluation (ASTM D4086) Pass * Dry Film Thickness Micrometer (ASTM D1005) 6 - 8 mils TMTM Shape Visual Evaluation (ASTM D4086) Random PROTECTIVE TOPCOAT Odor Olfactory (ASTM D1296) Odorless CLEAR GROUT COAT Moisture Content (< 5%) Moisture Meter (ASTM D4442) Pass NATURAL WOODCHIPS Size Distribution (~3/8”) Normal Sieve Analysis (ASTM C136) Pass PIGMENTED BASECOAT COVERAGE RATE GUIDELINES PRIMER/SEALER Type Size Full Coverage CONCRETE All ~ 3/8” 15 - 20 SF / LB *For best results, a sanding coat is recommended Coverage rates may vary depending on customer preferences and application techniques. prior to applying the final topcoat(s). WOOD SPECIES LIMITATIONS A Natural Product Wood is a natural material and may not be uniform in appearance. Natural variations in the characteristics of individual pieces W1010 / HONEY MAPLE W1000 / POWDERED ASPEN W2010 / WHITE ASH should not be considered defects. The color and grain variations contribute to the wood veneer’s unique character and beauty. Aging and Light Exposure W1015 / WINTER BIRCH W1040 / CLASSIC MAHOGANY W2015 / AGED HICKORY Wood ages naturally over time as it is exposed to light and other environmental elements.
    [Show full text]
  • Denitrifying Bioreactors—An Approach for Reducing Nitrate Loads
    G Model ECOENG-1647; No. of Pages 12 ARTICLE IN PRESS Ecological Engineering xxx (2010) xxx–xxx Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Ecological Engineering journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ecoleng Review Denitrifying bioreactors—An approach for reducing nitrate loads to receiving waters Louis A. Schipper a,∗, Will D. Robertson b, Arthur J. Gold c, Dan B. Jaynes d, Stewart C. Cameron e a Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton, New Zealand b Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada c Department of Natural Resources Science, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, RI 02881, USA d National Laboratory for Agriculture and the Environment, USDA-ARS, 2110 University Blvd, Ames, IA 50011-3120, USA e GNS Science, Private Bag 2000, Taupo, New Zealand article info abstract Article history: Low-cost and simple technologies are needed to reduce watershed export of excess nitrogen to sensitive Received 12 November 2009 aquatic ecosystems. Denitrifying bioreactors are an approach where solid carbon substrates are added Received in revised form 9 March 2010 into the flow path of contaminated water. These carbon (C) substrates (often fragmented wood-products) Accepted 3 April 2010 act as a C and energy source to support denitrification; the conversion of nitrate (NO −) to nitrogen gases. Available online xxx 3 Here, we summarize the different designs of denitrifying bioreactors that use a solid C substrate, their hydrological connections, effectiveness, and factors that limit their performance. The main denitrifying Keywords: bioreactors are: denitrification walls (intercepting shallow groundwater), denitrifying beds (intercepting Denitrification concentrated discharges) and denitrifying layers (intercepting soil leachate).
    [Show full text]
  • A History of Export Woodchipping from North East
    History of Export Woodchipping A HISTORY OF EXPORT WOODCHIPPING IN NORTH EAST NSW Dailan Pugh, August 2013 This paper outlines the Commonwealth‟s extreme reluctance over many decades to meet its obligations to oversee the introduction, expansion, and constraints on export woodchipping in north- east NSW. It in part explains their desire to absolve themselves of all responsibilities by signing Regional Forest Agreements, but also chronicles the political over-riding of environmental obligations by successive Commonwealth resource ministers. In early 2013 Boral were unable to get Forest Stewardship Council accreditation for a pile of woodchips it had amassed and thus could not sell it. They announced they were going to close down their export woodchipping operations. There is now an intention to replace woodchipping with the burning of forest residues for electricity, meaning any tree not classed as a sawlog. The history of woodchipping provides a salutatory lesson as to how we could expect an industry based around burning of native forests for electricity could develop. Though with less restrictions on species and quality, and the ability to locate processing facilities all over the north coast, the environmental consequences could be far worse. By the late 1960s the New South Wales and Western Australian Governments were in negotiations with Japanese companies to supply them with woodchips, and Tasmania, Victoria and the Northern Territory were being mooted. On 14 November 1967 NSW Premier Robert Askin announced that Harris-Daishowa would construct an export woodchip mill at Twofold Bay near Eden. Exports started in 1971. Tasmania started exporting woodchips in 1972 and West Australia in 1975.
    [Show full text]
  • Frequently Asked Questions About OSB
    FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS ABOUT OSB www.egger.com ChAPTERS • SECTION A: DEFINITION / CLASSIFICATION / PROPERTIES • SECTION B: STANDARDS & SYMBOLS • SECTION C: RAW MATERIALS & PRODUCTION • SECTION D: USE & APPLICATIONS • SECTION E: STORAGE & CONDITIONING • SECTION F: ON-SITE INSPECTION & TESTING • SECTION G1: OSB/3 vERSUS OSB/2 • SECTION G2: OSB VERSUS PARTICLEBOARDS • SECTION G3: OSB VERSUS PLYWOOD • SECTION G4: OSB VERSUS SOLID WOOD • SECTION H: TONGUE & GROOVE (T&G) • SECTION I1: MOISTURE BEHAVIOR & RAIN • SECTION I2: FIRE BEHAVIOR • SECTION I3: FUNGUS / DECAY / MOULD • SECTION J: DENSITY • SECTION K: FORMALDEHYDE • SECTION L: EXTERNAL USE • SECTION M1: EXPANSION GAPS • SECTION M2: FIXING & GLUING • SECTION M3: SURFACE TREATMENT & PANEL FINISHING • SECTION N: SQUEAK • SECTION O: ETICS • SECTION P: LIFETIME & WARRANTIES • SECTION Q: MISCELLANEOUS 2 SECTION A: DEFINITION / CLASSIFICATION / PROPERTIES 1. Q: WHAT IS OSB? A: OSB is an engineered plane and rigid wood panel made of wood strands of selected quality with controlled cross orientation, bound with a synthetic resin under high temperature and pressure conditions. Depending on their technical class (type) and intended use, the boards can be used in dry or humid condition. 2. Q: HOW MANY TYPES OF OSB EXIST AND WHAT IS THE INTENDED USE FOR EACH? A: According to EN 300, there are 4 types of OSB, known as technical classes: • OSB/1 → general purpose non load-bearing boards for use in dry conditions (service class 1) • OSB/2 → load-bearing boards for use in dry conditions (service class 1) • OSB/3 → load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions (service classes 1 & 2) • OSB/4 → heavy-duty load-bearing boards for use in humid conditions (service classes 1 & 2) Among these, OSB/3 is currently the most used product in Europe.
    [Show full text]
  • Sorption of Veterinary Antibiotics to Woodchips
    SORPTION OF VETERINARY ANTIBIOTICS TO WOODCHIPS by MANU AJMANI B.Tech, G.B.P.U.A & T - Pantnagar, 2008 A REPORT submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF SCIENCE Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering KANSAS STATE UNIVERSITY Manhattan, Kansas 2011 Approved by: Major Professor Dr. Alok Bhandari Copyright MANU AJMANI 2011 Abstract In the upper Midwest, subsurface tile drainage water is a major contributor of nitrate (NO3 –N) coming from fertilizers and animal manure. Movement of NO3 -N through tile drainage into streams is a major concern as it can cause eutrophication and hypoxia conditions, as in the Gulf of Mexico. Denitrifying bioreactors is one of the pollution control strategies to treat contaminated tile drainage water. These bioreactors require four conditions which are: 1) organic carbon source, 2) anaerobic conditions, 3) denitrifying bacteria and 4) influent NO3-N. This research focuses on investigating fate of veterinary antibiotics in woodchips commonly used in in-situ reactors. Tylosin (TYL) and sulfamethazine (SMZ) are two veterinary antibiotics which are most commonly used in the United States and can be found in tile water after manure is land applied. Partition coefficients of TYL and SMZ on wood were determined by sorption experiments using fresh woodchips and woodchips from an in situ reactor. It was concluded that the woodchips were an effective means to sorb the veterinary antibiotics leached into the tile water after application of animal manure. Linear partition coefficients were calculated and phase distribution relationships were established for both the chemicals. The fresh woodchips gave inconclusive data but predictions could be made by the information determined in the experiments using woodchips from a ten year old woodchip bioreactor.
    [Show full text]
  • Importation of Solid Wood Packing Material
    United States Department of Agriculture Importation of Solid Marketing and Regulatory Wood Packing Material Programs Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Draft Environmental Impact Statement—October 2002 Importation of Solid Wood Packing Material Draft Environmental Impact Statement—October 2002 Agency Contact: Raymond B. Nosbaum Senior Regulatory Coordinator Plant Protection and Quarantine Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service U.S. Department of Agriculture 4700 River Road, Unit 141 Riverdale, MD 20737 The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) prohibits discrimination in all its programs and activities on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, religion, age, disability, political beliefs, sexual orientation, or marital or family status. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs.) Persons with disabilities who require alternative means for communication of program information (Braille, large print, audiotape, etc.) should contact USDA’s TARGET Center at (202) 720–2600 (voice and TDD). To file a complaint of discrimination, write USDA, Director, Office of Civil Rights, Room 326–W, Whitten Building, 1400 Independence Avenue, SW, Washington, DC 20250–9410 or call (202) 720–5964 (voice and TDD). USDA is an equal opportunity provider and employer. Mention of companies or commercial products in this report does not imply recommendation or endorsement by the U.S. Department of Agriculture over others not mentioned. USDA neither guarantees nor warrants the standard of any product mentioned. Product names are mentioned solely to report factually on available data and to provide specific information. This publication reports research involving pesticides. All uses of pesticides must be registered by appropriate State and/or Federal agencies before they can be recommended.
    [Show full text]
  • SOURCES for TOPSOIL, MANURE, COMPOST, and WOOD CHIPS NOTE: All Prices Are Per Cubic Yard Unless Otherwise Specified
    Tompkins County Tel: 607 272-2292 Education Center Fax: 607 272-7088 615 Willow Avenue E-mail: [email protected] Ithaca, NY 14850-3555 www.cce.cornell.edu/tompkins SOURCES FOR TOPSOIL, MANURE, COMPOST, AND WOOD CHIPS NOTE: All prices are per cubic yard unless otherwise specified. Updated in April 2021. SOURCE WOOD CHIPS, SAWDUST, AND BARK FOR BULK MANURE & COMPOST BULK TOPSOIL COMPOSTING AND MULCHING AA Dairy AA Dairy Premium Compost Contact: Aaron Aman $5/25lb bag Organic compost from cows 56 Foote Crossing Road NOT CERTIFIED ORGANIC: Candor NY 13743 1-4 cubic yards: $30/cubic yard 659-3200 or 760-1958 5-39 cubic yards: $26/cubic yard Open 10-2 Tue-Sat 40-99 cubic yards: $24/cubic yard. Call first Prices subject to change Agway Two types double ground (midnight) $31.99 Yard waste compost: $31.99 Top soil: $34.99 213 S. Fulton St., Northern hardwood single ground $25.99 Composted cow manure (certified organic): Ithaca NY 14850 Two dyed (BlackDiamond&Brown) at $34.99 (food $34.99/cubic yard + delivery 273-2505 grade dye) Delivery fees: $45 (Ithaca area), beyond that Playground chips 26.99 call for price. No minimum Anthony Albanese Trucking Compost from various sources Candor, NY >5 cubic yards, $31, <5 cubic yards $36 607 343 6707 Bluh Creek Stables Horse manure mixed with shavings: free. Contact: Joanna Bluh Plenty of fresh compost 278 Lower Creek Rd, Rt.13 by NYSEG Limited on well-composted. Ithaca NY 14850 Cell: 351-0287 Wear boots, bring tools and close gate Cascadilla Tree Care of Ithaca LLC Fresh mixed hardwood chips $15 if near Ithaca.
    [Show full text]
  • Wood Byproducts
    Wood Byproducts 867. Absorption of calcium and magnesium by the 870. Alteration of soil temperature and moisture fruiting body of the cultivated mushroom Hypsizigus through mulching on the morpho-physiological marmoreus (Peck) bigelow from sawdust culture differentiation in maize. media. Awal, M. A. and Khan, M. A. H. Tabata, T. and Ogura, T. Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences (Pakistan) 2(4): Journal of Food Science 68(1): 76-79. (2003); ISSN: 0022- 1164-1167. (Oct. 1999) 1147 NAL Call #: QH301 .P355; ISSN: 1028-8880. Descriptors: absorption/ calcium/ calcium carbonate/ Descriptors: mulching / soil/ wood waste/ maize calcium phosphates/ culture media/ growth/ magnesium/ Abstract: Mulching effects of sawdust, ash, rice straw and magnesium carbonate/ magnesium chloride/ magnesium water hyacinth on the morpho-physiological differentiation sulfate/ mycelium/ sawdust/ Basidiomycetes/ of maize (Zea mays L.) and to relate these with soil Basidiomycota/ calcium phosphate/ Hypsizygus/ environment were described. Water hyacinth and rice straw Hypsizygus marmoreus/ magnesium sulphate/ mulches had significant promotive effects on shoot Tricholomataceae elongation, root penetration, LAI and DM accumulation. All Abstract: H. marmoreus was cultivated in potato-sucrose- mulches conserved soil moisture but water hyacinth and agar (PSA) and in sawdust media supplemented with Ca or rice straw retained comparatively greater amount. Water Mg salts. The radial growth of mycelia was determined. The hyacinth and rice straw mulches reduced soil temperature mushroom spawn did not grow on PSA supplemented with fluctuations in all soil depths (5 to 15 cm) and retained Ca carbonate, Mg carbonate, or Mg hydroxide. However, higher soil temperatures at the early hours of the day (02 to the mycelia grew well on sawdust media supplemented with 06 hrs) which were considered to be the decisive factor for Ca phosphate, Ca carbonate, or Mg sulfate.
    [Show full text]
  • Buyers Guide to Wood Fuel
    A Buyer’s Guide to Sourcing Wood Heating Fuel in the Northeastern U. S. April 2014 Funding for this publication was provided by the U.S. Endowment for Forestry and Communities and was developed in partnership with the Northern Forest Center and the Forest Guild. This Guide was first published in April, 2014. Introduction The wood heating market is likely to expand considerably over the next decade in the Northeastern U.S. In the face of continually rising fossil fuel heating prices, tremendous growth potential exists for larger buildings such as schools, hospitals, and even entire downtowns to be heated with woodchips. As more woodchip heating projects are proposed, decision-makers and community members typically ask three main questions: 1. How much will the fuel cost? 2. Will the supply be reliable? 3. Where specifically will the fuel come from? This document aims to answer those questions and be a helpful tool for communities involved with a woodchip heating project by providing information on the pathways and options for sourcing woodchip fuel. This guide is aimed at anyone involved with facilities considering a woodchip fuel heating system, or to anyone involved with the sourcing of woodchip fuel for an existing facility. People that heat with oil, propane, and natural gas do not typically ask their supplier where the fuel came from. People may feel no connection to fuel that comes from thousands of miles away, or that they have little control over how it was sourced. However, when energy is sourced from our own back yards, it often becomes more important to know where and how it was sourced.
    [Show full text]
  • Woodchip Bioreactor Partnership 2020 Henry County Farm Bureau
    Woodchip Bioreactor Partnership 2020 Henry County Farm Bureau Brought to you by your local community partners: Speakers for the Virtual Field Day included: Lauren Lurkins Jason Hessman Dr. Laura Christianson Director of Environmental Policy, District Conservationist, Assistant Professor, Department of Crop Illinois Farm Bureau Henry County NRCS Sciences, U of I College of Agricultural, Katie Laleman Ryan Arch Consumer & Environmental Sciences Manager, Henry County Farm Bureau Executive Director, Illinois Land Ronnie Chacon Brian Corkill Improvement Contractors Association Visiting Research Specialist, Department of Crop Sciences, U of I College of Host Farmer and Treasurer, Dave Johnston Henry County Farm Bureau Contractor, Agricultural, Consumer & Environmental Sciences Katie Gisi Johnston Land Improvement, Inc. Agricultural Engineer, Illinois NRCS Background As part of the Woodchip Bioreactor The goal of the Partnership is to the woodchip bioreactors to collect Partnership (Partnership), the study the effectiveness of woodchip data and study the improvements Illinois Farm Bureau (IFB), Illinois bioreactors designed pursuant to made to water quality. The intention Land Improvement Contractors NRCS standards on farms in the is for the research, education, Association (ILICA), Illinois Natural tile-drained areas of Illinois, as well outreach and demonstration activities Resources Conservation Service as provide education, outreach and to continue for a minimum of five (NRCS), and the University of Illinois demonstration of the practice to years following installation of each College of Agricultural, Consumer and government agency staff, contractors, woodchip bioreactor. The farm Environmental Sciences (ACES) joined farmers, landowners, and the general sites are also expected to serve as together for the first time in 2017 public. The Partnership intends settings for tours of elected officials, to install a woodchip bioreactor to to install at least five woodchip regulators and media.
    [Show full text]