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A Taxonomic Revision of Solenostomataceae (Marchantiophyta) in Korea

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A Taxonomic Revision of Solenostomataceae (Marchantiophyta) in Korea pISSN 1225-8318 − Korean J. Pl. Taxon. 50(2): 120 147 (2020) eISSN 2466-1546 https://doi.org/10.11110/kjpt.2020.50.2.120 Korean Journal of RESEARCH ARTICLE Plant Taxonomy A taxonomic revision of Solenostomataceae (Marchantiophyta) in Korea Vadim V. BAKALIN, Seung Se CHOI1*, Seung Jin PARK2, Sun Hee SIM3 and Chang Woo HYUN3 Botanical Garden-Institute, Vladivostok 690024, Russia 1Department of Natural Environment Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon 33657, Korea 2Department of Biological Sciences, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea 3Plant Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22755, Korea (Received 14 February 2020; Revised 8 June 2020; Accepted 23 June 2020) ABSTRACT: Solenostomataceae are revised for the Korean Peninsula. In total, 27 species in four genera (Metaso- lenostoma, Plectocolea, Protosolenostoma, Solenostoma) are recorded, the occurrence of 24 of which is con- firmed. Each confirmed species is provided with an ecological overview, and a list of specimens examined and illustrations based on materials from Korea. Solenostoma jirisanense sp. nov. is described. Keywords: Solenostomataceae, Plectocolea, Solenostoma, Metasolenostoma, Protosolenostoma, taxonomy The Solenostomataceae were described by Crandall-Stotler which the record is based are unavailable for revisions. The et al. (2009) to include the series of genera previously regarded latter is fully applicable not only to China, which is not the as members of the Jungermanniaceae. Since then the object of the present study, but also to the Korean Peninsula. circumscription of family was modified several times by On the one hand specimens from North Korea, collected within transfers of genera to other families (e.g., Endogemmataceae, last 60 years, are absolutely unavailable to foreigners (including cf. Vilnet et al., 2011), synonymization of known genera (e.g., South Koreans); on another hand many records from South Scaphophyllum and some species of Gottschelia with Korea published by Yamada and Choe (1997) as well as Hong Solenostoma, cf. Feldberg et al., 2009) and the descriptions of (1962) also could not be checked. We studied the collections new genera (e.g., Protosolenostoma and Metasolenostoma, cf. in the three largest herbaria in Japan: TNS, HIRO, and NICH, Bakalin et al., 2014). The last valuable emendation was the with particular attention to the latter two, where the specimens transfer of Nardia to Gymnomitriaceae (Shaw et al., 2015). studied by these Korean authors should have been deposited Therefore, considering the aforementioned novelties, the but found only a few materials for widely distributed taxa that Solenostomataceae is represented in Korea by four genera: was of little help to us in the preparation in this account. In Metasolenostoma, Plectocolea, Protosolenostoma and fact, we were forced to study the Solenostomataceae in Korea Solenostoma, all of which are more or less closely related from scratch, and this process was started in 2008. morphologically. Outside of Japan and the southern part of the Russian Far Materials and Methods East the taxonomy and distribution patterns of the Solenostomataceae are poorly understood in East Asia. Several This paper is based on materials collected by us (mostly by species were recorded for various provinces in China and the Choi and Bakalin) within the last twelve years in numerous Korean Peninsula. Unfortunately, these data are too localities across the Republic of Korea and deposited in JNU, fragmentary and incline one to suspect disjunctive distributions KB, and VBGI. These collections far exceed the previously for many taxa, especially in China. Additionally, some records known materials collected in South Korea and may be regarded may be based on misidentifications and the specimens on as rather exhaustive for South Korea. Although we did not *Author for correspondence: [email protected] http://e-kjpt.org, © 2020 the Korean Society of Plant Taxonomists. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 120 A taxonomic revision of Solenostomataceae (Marchantiophyta) in Korea 121 figures may be obtained. The nomenclature citation for each species includes only a few synonyms, mostly those names that were previously used for the Korean Peninsula. Here we do not describe the identification and descriptions of each species, genus, and Solenostomataceae, the overview of taxonomically valuable features or the history of generic understanding, because it was published very recently (Bakalin, 2014a; Bakalin and Choi, 2017) and need not be repeated. The synonyms after species name are provided only if they were used to indicate the species for the Korean Peninsula in the literature. Taxonomic Treatments Solenostomataceae Stotler & Crand.-Stotl., Edinburgh J. Bot. 66: 190, 2009. 둥근망울이끼과 There are four genera and 24 taxa recorded in the Korean Peninsula. I. Metasolenostoma Bakalin & Vilnet, Bot. Pacif. 3: 10, 2014. Korean name: O-reum-mang-ul-i-kki-sok (오름망울이끼속). Fig. 1. Provinces of the Korean Peninsula into administrative An oligotypic recently described genus with one species subunits. CB, Chungcheongbuk-do; CN, Chungcheongnam-do; GB, known in Korean Peninsula (Bakalin et al., 2014). Gyeongsangbuk-do; GN, Gyeongsangnam-do; GG, Gyeonggi-do; GW, Gangwon-do; HB, Hamgyeongbuk-do; HN, Hamgyeongnam 1. Metasolenostoma ochotense Vilnet et Bakalin, Bot. Pacif. do; HWB, Hwanghaebuk-do; HWN, Hwanghaenam-do; JB, Jeollabuk-do; JG, Jagang-do; JN, Jeollanam-do; JJ, Jeju-do; PB, 3: 10, 2014 (Fig. 2). Solenostoma ochotensis Bakalin & Vilnet, Pyeonganbuk-do; PN, Pyeongannam-do; YG, Yanggang-do. The Bryologist 115: 575, 2012. Korean name: O-reum-mang-ul-i-kki (오름망울이끼). have access to North Korean specimens, we prefer to include in this revision the data on the distribution of taxa in North Ecology: Acidophilic hygrophyte. In the Kurils, where the Korea, based on literature sources, mainly those summarized species is the most common, it is commonly inclined to occupy by Kim and Hwang (1991) and Yamada and Choe (1997). The volcanically modified habitats (the taxon described from wet distribution of taxa within Korea is given in accordance with scoria field). In adjacent areas this taxon preferentially grows the official subdivision of the country (Fig. 1). in the places with disturbed vegetation cover in open to shaded Each species treatment is accompanied by data on ecology areas within broad-leaved deciduous to boreal dark coniferous (sometimes with list of accompanying liverwort taxa, where forest zones. nomenclature mostly follows to Konstantinova et al., 2009), Distribution: This is a boreal East Asian species with a distribution patterns (with main attention to the Korean distribution covering Kamchatka, Kurils, Sakhalin, northern Peninsula), list of specimens examined and comments (mostly Japan and the Korean peninsula, thus the lands under the to help in the separation of morphologically closely related influence of Pacific wet air masses. The occurrences in the taxa). The data on distribution in adjacent areas are from Korean Peninsula are in the southwestern flank of the species Bakalin (2014a) for the Russian Far East, Piippo (1990) for area and represent poorly developed modifications (similar to China and Amakawa (1960), Yamada and Iwatsuki (2006) for that in the Kamchatka Peninsula). Japan, with some additional information from recent literature Comments: The known populations in Korea represent (cited where used). The taxa for which we were unable to leptodermous modification of the species (also common in confirm or to study specimens from Korea proper are only Kamchatka Peninsula in North-East Asia) characterized by discussed and provided with references for papers where pellucid, very pale-colored plants and small concave trigones Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy Vol. 50 No. 2 (2020) 122 Vadim V. BAKALIN et al. Fig. 2. Metasolenostoma ochotense Vilnet et Bakalin. A. Cells along leaf margin. B. Cells in the leaf middle. C, D. Perianthous branch with young unfertilized perianth. E. Male branch. F, G. Leaves (from Choi 633). Scale bars = 50 µm (A, B), 1 mm (C–G). in leaf cells. Perianth are not known from the Korean Peninsula. A large genus counting over 60 taxa in East to South-East Among regional taxa, leptodermous modifications of this Asia, with its center of diversity in warm temperate mountains species may be probably mistaken with Protosolenostoma near the Pacific Ocean. 15 species are recorded in the Korean fusiforme, from which it differs by its small, but distinct Peninsula. trigones of leaf cells, as well as the smaller size of leaf cells (in P. fusiforme mostly larger than 40 × 30 μm in the midleaf), 1. Plectocolea comata (Nees) S. Hatt. Bull. Tokyo Sci. Mus. absence of an evident leaf rim and also its occurrence at lower 11: 38, 1944 (Figs. 3, 20B–D). Jungermannia comata Nees, altitudes in the peninsula (P. fusiforme known from high to Enum. Pl. Crypt. Jav. 78, 1830. middle elevations in Jeju-do Island only). The records of Korean name: Bi-jja-ru-mang-ul-i-kki (비짜루망울이끼). Plectocolea hyalina for Chungcheongbuk-do, Gyeonggi-do, and Gangwon-do (Yamada and Choe, 1997) may be based on Ecology: Acido- to neutrophilic meso-hygrophyte, misidentification of Metasolenostoma ochotense. Our previous
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