This is a repository copy of Study of long-termed displacements of a boring machine during its stoppage.

White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/141885/

Version: Accepted Version

Article: Yao, Y, Lu, N, Yang, Y et al. (2 more authors) (2019) Study of long-termed displacements of a tunnel boring machine during its stoppage. Tunnelling and Underground Space Technology, 84. pp. 432-439. ISSN 0886-7798 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tust.2018.11.041

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[email protected] https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ S L-T D T B M S

Y Y N L Y Y Y C H-S Y

N ‘ T C C L N P‘ C D C I D I C U N N C N P‘ C N N N M I U N N C N P‘ C S C U L L LS JT UK C N LU

A

T - TBM I N C T - D T W TBM T

K T TBM L- S C S

1. I

M I C I S T B C L N L C I I A L P S L I C - V V V N B K T - PLAXIS N - Y B D T I F M T X S T

A TBM T T TBM - F C EPB US TBM F ‘ L TBM D I TBM O TBM TBM W - TBM I TBM TBM I TBM A TBM

T - TBM N E C T TBM TBM T TBM S TBM T T - PLAXIS I V K C S N

2. E B

T N - T EPB TBM T TBM T T TBM P TBM T T N D D ) - TBM T M J TBM T F T T

T TBM T TBM T A TBM T TBM T P P A TBM T P P T - T F

T F T T W TBM TBM T T T A 1 2T silt are obtained from test results of similar in an adjacent site. The parameters in the fill layer are not available and typical values are assumed. The laboratory measured coefficient of permeability for the is very small, and 1.010-7 cm/s and 1.510-7 cm/s are recommended to be used in designs along vertical and horizontal directions, respectively. The silt layers are far from the tunnel, and it is also recommended to use the same values. T

T TBM - TBM F I TBM T TBM T S TBM

T F T T ‘ TBM ‘ TBM ‘ TBM T F F T F I TBM ‘ TBM ‘ ‘ T TBM

3. N S

3.1. F

T PLAXIS D F D T F T T T TBM - T TBM I T TBM F I TBM T TBM C TBM O TBM - -

T - T T I TBM I TBM TBM M TBM I TBM T TBM T T

T T - PLAXIS M-C F PLAXIS T G B T - - M-C

T C T M-C I T C-C

C I M-C A T

C - T T V I M-C I -

E W PLAXIS OCR - T

C C F M G L N T  M G

3.2. N ‘

T - TBM F T T TBM T TBM TBM T TBM I TBM T TBM T A I I TBM T TBM I TBM F

T I F T TBM T TBM T I TBM

OCR I

OCR E OCR T TBM TBM F

3.3. D I

I X - S T T I F T N S Y ‘ T I T - S Y T I - T F

I

FO‘ T  FO‘ T C FO‘

T C

I C N T -

D FO‘ F I FO‘ TBM A C TBM FO‘ I FO‘ TBM TBM I TBM TBM T FO‘ TBM F FO‘

A P - I F TBM I T TBM T TBM T TBM TBM T - P W TBM TBM I TBM

T TBM ‘ TBM ‘ TBM ‘ F S TBM T - F I T T I T TBM TBM TBM T TBM I

4. C

T TBM - T N C T I TBM T PLAXIS TBM - B T T A - T T S

A

T I D I C N E B N S T B U N T UK E P S ‘ C G N EPG EPL NSFC P ) N S F QE N N S P A T

R

B S C B S- C G - B ‘ K E A G - B ‘ T- P NUMOG IX - C F H S I N - I T U S T - C G W S B P F ‘ J M EPB J G E - C EM P MC K GK N TBM-EPB J G G E K A V T S K M ‘ E -- J G G E - L IM N SW T T U S T - L GB J ‘J N CWW H Y D C G J L N P H A - J G - L N P H S D C - G - M ‘ T ‘ T B P H B ‘ T N - M G G P M T S-C I J G E D - N CWW W ‘ B T A - G L - PLAXIS PLAXIS D M M M PLAXIS BV D N O A -- A ‘ ‘K L KM S II E ‘ C G J - S SL W HN C YJ Y )Y L- S T U S T - V P N H A P B C G B ‘ T N - V P S D B P F P I C C M G W C - V P ‘ N M T T F - X Y S DA S J F D D P S S EPB T - Y X ‘ ‘K L KM O C G J -

TABLES

T P Layer Fill T Constitutive model MC SS or SSC SS SS or SSC SS or SSC SS or SSC SS

Bulk density (kN/m3) sat 20 17.29 18.96 18.69 17.69 18.64 18.67 Water contents (%) w - 48.05 26.24 28.96 40.61 29.75 26.38 Liquid limit (%) wL - 42.69 28.11 29.79 42.92 32.81 - Plastic limit (%) wp - 23.38 20.32 17.78 22.98 19.75 - Initial einit default 1.268 0.764 0.868 1.121 0.888 0.844 Young's modulus (kPa) E 10000 ------Poisson ratio ' 0.2 ------2 Effective (kN/m ) c'ref 4 7.7 4 12 6.5 13 4 Effective angle (°) ' 10 25.9 34 28.4 25.1 29.3 35

Compression index Cc - 0.375 0.174 0.187 0.404 0.186 0.166

Swelling index Cs - 0.057 0.016 0.021 0.06 0.02 0.017 Pre-consolidation pressure (kPa) Pp' - 72 - 161.3 218.3 423.3 424.3 Static lateral coefficient K0 - 0.57 0.44 0.44 0.52 0.43 0.36

FIGURES

F P TBM

F D -

F C TBM

F F TBM

F F TBM

F M TBM SS SSC

F D X

F S

F M TBM SSC

F P TBM

F M ‘ TBM ‘ TBM ‘ TBM