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Low-Income Families and Unrelated Individuals in the United States: 1963

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Low-Income Families and Unrelated Individuals in the United States: 1963 CONTENTS Page Low-income families........................................................ 1 Unrelated individuals with low income.................................. 5 Related reports. ........................................................ 5 Definitions and explanations.... ........................................ 5 Table Page A*--Low-income families by total money income in 1963, for the United States................................................................ 1 B.--Low-income families with specified amounts of income in 1963, as per- cent of all families, by color of head, residence, and region, for the United States..................................................... 2 C.--Low-income families with specified amounts of income in 1963, as per- cent of all families, by years of school completed and age of head, for the United States................................................. 3 D.--Low-income families with specified amounts of income in 1963, as per- cent of all families, by years of school completed and color of head, for the United States....................................,............ 4 Table Page 1.--Families with incomes in 1947, 1950, and 1952 to 1963 under $3,000 (in 1963 dollars), by selected characteristics, for the United States..... 9 2.--All families and those with incomes under $3,000 (in 1963 dollars), by social and economic characteristics, for the United States, for se- lected years, 1947 to 1963 ............................................ 10 3.--Social characteristics of all families and those with incomes under $3,000 in 1963, for the United States................................. 12 4.--~conomic characteristics of all families and those with incomes under $3,000 in 1963, for the United States................................. 13 5.--All unrelated individuals and those with incomes under $3,000 in 1963, by selected characteristics. for the United States....;............... 14 LOW-INCOME FAMILIES AND UNRELATED INDIVIDUALS IN THE UNITED STATES: 1963 (Based on March 1964 survey. Comparable statistics for all families and unrelated individuals appear in Current Population Reports, Series P-60, No. 43) Approximately 19 percent of the 47.4 million Survey. Data on consumer income collected by the families in the United States--about one out of Bureauofthe Census cover money income only, prior every five families--had incomes under $3,000 in to deduction for taxes. The fact that many farm 1963. The median income for all families in 1963 families receive part of their income in the form was $6,200. Forty-four percent of the 11 million of rent-free housing and goods produced and con- unrelated individuals had total money incomes of sumed on the farm rather than in money should be less than $1,500 in 1963, whereas 28 percent had taken into consideration in comparing the income an income of less than $1,000. The median income of farm and nonfarm residents. for all unrelated individuals was $1,800. It should also be noted that although the in- Among those types of families with the high- come statistics refer to receipts during 1963, the est incidence of low income in 1963 (families with characteristics of the person, such as age, labor incomes under $3,000) were the nonwhite family, force status, etc., and the compositionof families the family that had a head 65 years of age or old- refer to March 1964. The income of the family er,thefamily headed by a female, the farm family, does not include amounts received by persons who the family with no earner, and the family with a were members of the family during all Or part of head who had completed less than a grade school the calendar year 1963 if these persons no longer education. Nearly half of the low-income families resided with the family at the timeof enumeration. lived in the South; half of them had a head who On the other hand, family income includes amounts was not in the labor force. Among those with em- reported by related persons who did not reside ployed heads nearly two-thirds were either semi- with the family during 1963 but who were members skilled workers, service workers, or farmers or of the family at the time of enumeration. farm laborers . Since the estimates in this report are based The distributionofthe 8.8 million low-income on a sample, they are subject to sampling varia- families in 1963 is swarized in table A. Incomes bility, Particular care should be exercised in reported by such families were not concentrated the interpretation of figures based On relatively just below $3,000; in fact, one-fifth of the small numbers of cases as well as small differ- low-income families reported receiving less than ences between figures. Moreover, as in all field $1,000. surveys of income, the figures are subject %u er- rors of response and nonreporting. Table A.--LOW-INCOME FAMILIES BY TOTAL MONEY INCOME IN 1963, FOR THE UNITED STATES (Families as of March 1964) LOW-INCOME FAMILIES Total money income Families Although the proportion 01' low-income fami- lies declined from 31 percent to 19 percent be- Number..........................thousands.. tween 1947 and 1963, certain groups in the popu- lation did not fare as well as the overall group. Percent................................ 100.0 The nonwhite family, the family with a female head, Under $1,000 ............................... 20.3 and the family with an elderly head each consti- $1,000 to $1,499 ........................... 17.2 $1,500 to $1,999 ........................... 19.6 tuted a greater proportion of all low-income fami- $2,000 to $2,499 ........................... 22.8 lies in 1963 than in 1947 (table 1). $2,500 to $2,999 ........................... 20.1 While the relative number of nonwhite families remained at around 10 percent over the 17 years, These are some of the highlights from the in- the relative number of low-income nonwhite families quiry on consumer income in 1963 madeinMarch 1964 increased from 18 to 23 percent; Or, stated in in connection with the Bureau's Current Population another way, in 1947 about one in five low-income 1 k families was nonwhite, whereas in 1963 close to white families were 16 percent under $3,000 and one in four low-income families was nonwhite. 9 percent under $2,000. I Sixteen percent of all low-income families in A nonwhite family l&ving in the South was 1947 had a female head. By 1963, 26 percent of the more likely to be a lok-income family than was a low-income families were headed by a woman. This nonwhite family living in any other region. Fifty- increase becomes more significant when measured eight percent of thoge living in the South had an against the total number of families with a female income below $3,000; compared with only 20 percent I head, which remained constant at 10 percent from of those living in the West. 1947 to 1963. The proportion of low-income families for Since 1947, there has been a slight increase both the white and nonwhite population varied by in the proportion of all families whose heads are residence as well as by region. Nonwhite families I 65 years of age or over--from 12 percent in 1947 living on farms were most likely to have -alow 1 to 14 percent in 1963. At the same time, there income--79 percent receiving less than $3,000 in has been an increase in the proportion of low- 1963. Only 40 percent of all white farm families income families with an aged head--from 21 percent and 41 percent of nonwhite nonfasm families were to 35 percent. in this low-income category. Farm-nonfarm residence.--There were 3.1 mil- .Table B.--MW-INCOMB FAMILIES WITH SPECIFIED AMCXJWS OF INCCMg IN 1963, AS PgRCENT OF W FAMILIES, BY CCMlR OF HEAD, RESI- lion farm families in the United States in 1963. DENCZ, AND FZGION, FOR THE UNITED STATgS Two-fifths of these had total money incomes under $3,000. This was 15 percent of the total number Residence and region,by color Under Under Under Under Under of low-income families, although farm families of head $1,000 $1,500 $2,000 $2,500 $3,000 constituted only 6.5 percent of all families in the United States. The lower income of farm fami- Total.. ......... 3.8 7.0 10.6 14.8 18.5 lies does not necessarily indicate less economic RESIDENCE well-being in the same proportion, because, in Nonfarm ............. 3.3 6.2 9.5 13.5 17.0 addition to money income, many farm families have White ............. 2.7 5.0 7.8 ll.1 14.1 income "in kind," such as the value of farm prod- Nonwhite.. ........ 8.6 16.1 23.5 32.9 40.9 Fm................ 11.1 19.2 28.1 36.6 43.4 ucts consumed at home and the use of farm dwell- White.. ........... 10.2 17.0 24.9 32.9 39.6 ings, which is excluded from measurements of money Nonwhite.. ........ 19.2 39.3 57.5 70.7 78.9 income. Furthermore, the cost of living is gener- RFGIONS ally higher inurban areas, requiring higher income Northeast.. ......... 2.2 3.9 5.9 9.0 12.0 to maintain a similar level of living. In view of White ............. 2.1 3.7 5.5 8.2 10.8 this it may be proper to reduce the dollar level Nonwhite.. ........ 3.7 6.9 11.2 18.6 25.7 North Central. ...... 3.0 5.8 8.9 12.9 16.3 which is used to differentiate low-income farm White ............. 2.8 5.5 8.5 12.2 15.2 families from other farm families. Thirty-seven Nonwhite.. ........ 6.1 10.7 16.4 25.8 34.9 South.. ............. 6.2 11.7 17.5 23.4 28.3 percent of all farm families received less than White ............. 4.7 8.7 13.5 18.2 22.3 $2,500 money income and 28 percent received less Nonwhite.
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