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Local Government Unit St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines

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Local Government Unit St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines Strengthening Climate Local Government Unit Resilience St. Bernard, Southern Leyte, Philippines SCR Case Study Summary PHILIPPINES Which of the three pillars does this project or policy intervention best illustrate? Tackling Exposure to Changing Hazards and Disaster Impacts Enhancing Adaptive Capacity Addressing Poverty, Vulnerabil- ity and their Causes Since it reactivated its Municipal Disaster Coordinating Council (MDCC), St. Ber- nard in partnership with different NGOs has conducted a series of trainings on disaster preparedness, risk reduction, mitigation & climate change adaptation (CCA) for municipal officials, community leaders and other community members. These capacity building activities covered topics from disaster preparedness, mitiga- tion, emergency response, and many oth- ers. Drills on flood, tsunami, landslide, and earthquake were also conducted in vil- lages and schools. The LGU has also implemented many small-scale flood, landslide and multi- hazard mitigation projects that have helped reduce the risk & vulnerability of In 2006, one of the world's worst landslide hit Southern Leyte that almost wiped out the entire St. Bernard against hazards. These mitiga- 480 hectares in Barangay Guinsaugon, one of the 16 villages of the town of St. Bernard. The dis- tion actions include the construction of gabions, dredging of river, mangrove aster left in its wake 28 injured, 410 registered survivors and buried alive at least 1,000 people. The planting to mitigate typhoon surges, bam- town had experienced other disasters in previous years, but St. Bernard was unprepared for the mag- boo planting & set-up of coconet (tough nitude of the Guinsaugon disaster. After the tragedy, hazard assessments were conducted by the Phil- netting made of coconut husks to anchor soil on ippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS), Mines and Geosciences Bureau (MGB) slopes) in steep mountain slopes to lessen the risk of landslides, and many others. A and NGOs like CARE Philippines and the results revealed that 70% of the total land area of St. Ber- comprehensive early warning system nard is highly vulnerable to many hazards. (EWS) was also established and vulner- able communities exposed to risk/danger Because of this, St. Bernard strengthened its existing Municipal Disaster Coordinating Council zones were relocated to areas less prone (MDCC) and under the leadership of current municipal head, Mayor Rico Rentuza, the town has to hazards. increasingly taken measures towards building its resilience. Two years after the tragedy, St. Bernard Livelihood programs were implemented has received the prestigious Gawad Kalasag Award, an annual Presidential Award given to the mu- especially for farmers who were affected by drought. Alternative livelihoods like nicipality / province / city which has the most exemplary Disaster Coordinating Council and for having the cultivation of fruit trees and associ- the best Contingency Plan and Disaster Preparedness / Disaster Risk Reduction Management Program in the ated crops were promoted at the com- country. Despite limited funds, St. Bernard, being a 4th Class* municipality held a pro-active stance. munity level. Food security and innovative Mayor Rentuza, together with the MDCC, strengthened its resilience through significant capacity- agricultural systems that can ensure bet- ter crop yield are also being implemented building projects, regular flood- tsunami-landslide-earthquake drills, incorporating Disaster Prepared- by the LGU in cooperation with local and ness in the Executive-Legislative agenda, small-scale and non-structural mitigation projects, Early international NGOs. Warning Systems, among many other interventions. These were accomplished through a pro-active On governance, the town has been recog- approach and through the cooperation, help, and support of the community, and various NGOs in- nized for successfully incorporating disas- cluding CARE Philippines under the ACCORD Project; GTZ; the Philippine National Red Cross, and ter preparedness & risk reduction into its Plan Philippines, among others. Executive-Legislative agenda and in 2008, the town was also awarded for having the *municipalities are divided according to income level. A 4th class municipality has an best disaster contingency plan and disas- annual income between PHP 20 to 30 million (USD600-645 thousand) for the last 3 years ter risk reduction management program. Given its geographical location’s hazard / Participatory risk assessment, Multi- risk vulnerability profile, St. Bernard mu- hazard mapping; Training on CBDRM nicipality was faced with the options: to and disaster preparedness for commu- either pack up, leave and relocate all in- nity and community trainers. habitants from its 16 villages to a “safer” place (avoidance); wait for another disas- ♦ Activities for strengthening LGU ca- ter to happen and respond accordingly pacities disaster risk reduction: Devel- (reactive); or prepare and take action to oping standards, guidelines and proto- minimize damages where possible before cols on emergency response; Emer- another disaster could take place (pro- gency response preparedness training; active). St. Bernard has chosen the Municipal contingency planning; Baran- "pro-active" disaster risk reduction / gay contingency planning; Evacuation management approach, striving towards drills for communities and schools. the goal and vision of a "resilient St. Ber- ♦ Setting-up the St. Bernard Emergency nard." Notably, the local government unit Response Unit (SBERU) (LGU) has ensured that disaster risk re- duction and climate change adaptation ♦ Setting-up a community-based early programs, trainings and activities are in- warning system corporated in its annual development ♦ Provision of disaster preparedness and planning and budgeting. Also, the LGU EWS equipment works in partnership with a host of local and international organizations who share ♦ Small-scale mitigation projects: Con- in supporting the rebuilding of the affected struction of gabion (large wire baskets, filled areas and preparing the at-risk communi- with rocks to stabilize shorelines or slopes) as ties in St. Bernard. Capacity building pro- flood mitigation measure; Dredging of grams were implemented, community or- Lawigan River ganizations were formed, livelihood and resettlement projects are continuously ♦ Relocating communities in danger zones to areas less-prone to hazards being undertaken, and various other pro- grams / projects / adaptation actions are ♦ Establishment of Coconet on mountain implemented with and through the sup- steep slopes to lessen landslides in St. port of the LGU to make St. Bernard truly Bernard a resilient community. ♦ Updating the Comprehensive Land Use The LGU has Incorporated disaster risk Plan (CLUP) using identified risk fac- reduction in its development planning tors such as results of the READY processes particularly in the development multi-hazard mapping, capacities and and implementation of the Executive and vulnerabilities of communities and mu- Legislative Agenda (ELA) that incorporates nicipalities disaster-proofing the development priori- ties; and the Annual Investment Plan (AIP) ♦ Establishment of permanent relocation innovatively using local resources such as sites to relocate households living the Calamity Fund & Economic Develop- along the riverbanks prone to flood/ ment Fund, pro-actively shifting from using flashfloods and households lying along these funds from emergency response to the coast who are prone to storm disaster preparedness, mitigation, and cli- surge and even tsunami, through the partnership with Gawad Kalinga. mate change adaptation projects. ♦ Establishment of Flood Early Warning From the top: Community participatory risk Other DRR Initiatives assessment at the community; Evacuation drills System by GTZ. The EWS operates by ♦ Activities for developing and at communities and schools; Municipal contin- telemetered device that would trans- gency planning activity; Rain gauge in the strengthening community capacities mit data (such as rainfall volume and for disaster preparedness community-based early warning system water level of floods at the upstream and mitigation: river) to the Operation Center via radio frequency and thus alert people Climate Change Adaptation Actions The Local Government Unit (LGU) of St. mangrove along the coastline, including Children & Youth Camp on Climate Bernard has initiated a “ridge to reef” the planting of bamboos along the river- Change and Disaster Preparedness approach in protecting and conserving banks to lessen the impacts of strong wa- natural resources especially for the ter current during flooding causing major Hinabian-Lawigan Watershed. In the up- damages to farmlands to reduce the con- land areas, with the help of DENR and tinuous soil erosions within the riparian GTZ, the municipality has a program on zone. restoration and conservation of the eco- In the past, farmers lost their crops due to system like reforestation, and Assisted black bug infestation and long periods of Natural Regeneration (ANR) projects like drought. Livelihood Programs were initi- Since 2006, over 400 children and youth agro-forestry, and bamboo plantation. ated by the municipality using its own re- leaders from Southern Leyte has partici- There is also the promotion of alternative sources and by tapping external resources pated in numerous climate change and livelihoods like fruit-trees and other asso- from national agencies and different disaster preparedness
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