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P.Q ll) SCITUATE, MA. 02056 BULLETIN" F'F;RMlT NO. 23

VOLUME XL111 SCITUATE, MASSACHUSETTS NUMBER 2

- ~ , JANUARY 27, 1990

Throuoh its bulletin, the Fociety attempts to keep alive the history and tradi- tions of ¢ld fcituate. rticles of interest or historic value are always welcome. Send to 121 "anle Street. Fcituate. Massachusetts 02066.

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lEQEIE§I.£FEP!§§FE£I i

' do are happy to announce that our first 1990 dinner reetino has been planned. It will take place on Saturday, January 27th at the Harbor "ethodist Church, 55 First Parish Road, Scituate Harbor. A roast turkey dinner with homemade pie of your choice. catered by the ladies of the church. will he served at 6:30 sharp. Reservations are required and the first 200 requests for them, received with check will be honored. PESERVE EPRLY to avoid disanpointnent. Checks should be made payable to the Scituate Historical Society. Peservations will be confirned at the door. ttached you will find a reservation reouest. Detach, fill out and send with check or cash to the Little Red School House to the address shown. Peservations are $7.00 per person.

_ EEQQEEE "new EPGLAND'S MOST nvsrsntovs MPPITIME DISASTER" " a '.', . . .- , n 0n January 27th rnold Carr and John Fish will present a slide-illustrated talk on researchino and discovering the p§dl€.SIeaP€M?POPt]d0€ which sank on Rovemter 26, 1898 with 160 passengers and crew on hoard. John Fish, a Marine Biologist and Pcean-' ooraphic Engineer. President of Qceanstar Systers, Director of Historical Maritime Group of New Enpland, specializes in researchino location of historic ships. This research has taken him to 22 countries.i a#~"’,* =_ =~' <=v

‘ . , . 0, , _, I -' . _. .'- » . '"‘ i .‘e.‘ ,5 ) ' rnnld Carr is Fenior Marine Biologist For State of Massachusetts. President of American Underwater Search a Survey, specializes in locating lost objects on the sea floor. He also is Director of Historical Maritiwe Groups of ew England.

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The Boston - Maine steamer Portland oi the Portland Steam Packet Company was one ol the most luxurious coastwise steamers on the east coast. With accommodations tor over 500 people, she was well appointed and boasted a main saloon almost as long as the vessel herself. The steamer

i- at 12 - 14 knots. making the run between Portland and Boston in just over nine hours. From

" ‘ ' author's collection

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T . JUNE MEETING

The 73rd annual meeting of the Scituate Historical Society.was held on June 24th 1989 at 2 P.M. at the Little Red School House. The annual reports of the Secretary and Treasurer were read and accepted. The following.Officers and Trustees elected: Mrs. Laidlaw, President, John Nelson and John Thomas, Vice Presidents, Ms. Elizabeth Foster, Secretary, Mr. Kenneth Torrey, Treasurer, Mr. Jarvis Freymann, Corresponding Secretary. Trustees: Samuel Tilden-and Philip Heeks for 3 years. Our program was an illustrated lecture about the "Spirit of Massachusetts." Henry Dormitzer from Cohasset was our speaker. He told us many interesting stories about how it is used as a training vessel. The Spirit of Massachusetts came to Scituate'on August 6th.

NFcTING ' - 73rd ANNIVERSARY ..

The 73rd Anniversary meeting of the Scituate Historical Society was held on Saturday, Oct 14 at 2:00 P.M. at the Little Red School House on Cudworth Road. Our program was titled, "Boston by Slide." Our Guide was Anne Smith. This 80 minute slide lecture traced the history of Boston's architecture from 1630 to the present. It was a most interesting program to all who attended.

ghggs, LAIDLAH REPORTS: .

This last year of the 80's has been a busy and interesting one. The seven historical buildings under our administration are in very good condition, but like. all old wooden buildings, they need constant repair. This fall we restored the stairs in the Lighthouse Tower. we did an extensive and complete restoration. we will need to roof the Light Keeper cottage this year. we have a revolving fund called the Lighthouse Gift Fund, and that takes care of the repairs to the Lighthouse. It is self supporting unless we have heavy damage from a bad storm. He painted the Little Red School House, our Headquarters. The front section of the Cudworth House was reroofed. we will paint the trim on the Cudworth House this spring: The coffer dam across the street from the Stockbridge Mill was completely rebuilt by Robert

. Dorr and he donated the metal gate.

The following historical building belong to the Historical Society and no town money is used to maintain them. The Old Oaken Bucket Homestead, the Little Red School House, the Stockbridge Mill and the Cudworth Barn.

Joan Nelson, our membership chairman, reports 750 members. Quite a few members have taken out life memberships» If you haventt paid your dues, we hope you will.

Me don't want to lose you! - R

we have sold 430 books and SO maps on Scituate's History this year. This shows a very active interest by all the people who live here and come from all over this country seeking information. The following list is what is available and how many we have sold of each book. Me keep the price of our books down because we are not trying-to make money. He cover the cost of printing and a little more so we can reprint. He are in the business of getting as much information about Scituate History into the hands of as many people as possible.

1 - Adams Strawberry Point 6 - Bailey Tell Us a Story, Jack 12 - Briggs Shipbuilding on the North River 16 - Bonney My Scituate 56 - Bonney ' Brushy Hill 2 - Burrows Cannon Balls and Cranberries 1 - Burrows Yankee Scrimshandlers 36 - Deane History of Scituate 54 - DAR Old Scituate 21 - Hunnewell The Glades 2 - Krusell Plymouth County: 1685

T 1 — Merritt South Scituate - Norwell T . 25 - Murphy »Irish Mossers 11 - Murphy Scituate: Coming of Age of a Plymouth Colony Town

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6 S Murphy Scituate's Heritage 59 - Valdespino Timothy Hatherly 4 - Cross Captain Gray 5 - Cross Captain Gray - juvenile .

Me - 15 - Mills . wait for 3 - Hallaren Prehistoric Indicators from Southeastern Massachusetts £!l1Z§.Q£ l§.!££B ~ - 3- The Scituate Chamber of Commerce selected John and Sally Thomas as citizens of the year of 1989. He congratulate them and it is an honor they both deserve because of the many hours they have given to the Town of Scituate and the Historical Society as a Vice President. Also in the Little Red School House they built the library with the beautiful library table and-the podium in our meeting room, and they are

always there when we need them. K

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At the Little Red School House our headouarters and our research library and exhibit area, we have had a most interesting and active year. He are open Mon - Sat 10-4 all year. This is possible because we have the most wonderful staff of volunteers who are ready to help anyone who comes for genealogical or historical research. Ve,have had over 1,500 people come to the Little Red School House from 38 states and 7 foreign countries._ We had 5D.genealogies when we brouoht our books over from the Cudworth House, and now we have over 100 genealogies of our early families. we have received the following gifts this year.

GIFTS iven by:

Herbert A. Frye 2 blue souvenir plates water color of “Haying Time"

Mrs. Robert Perrigo Dil painting of Scituate Sunset By Halter Sargent

Roger Kent 12 wooden chairs 26 plastic chairs Elizabeth Mann Lang Wedding dress worn by their grandmother

Helen Mann Voorhis A Dorcas Ella Riggs

.0 Charlotte Parsons PhotonvaphicQ record of 1989 Lighthouse Park

Construction project .- '

Leo Martin Frame photo of Scituate American Legion Post 144 Band

Ruth Kelly Postcard of the 4 corners - Egypt, MA

Benjamin Turner Spyglass and Tankard_from the pilot boat Columbia

sooxs B n - iven by:

Kathleen Laidlaw Reader's Digest .Illus. & Encyclopedic Dictionary Halevi, Marcus Spirit of Massachusetts

Pobert Meteyard Metoyard. Thomas Paintings & watercolors‘

Esther Nowell Bailey, Henry Turner Yankee Notions

Hilda Stenbeck Lunt, George . Poems

Sandra Robbins. Keith, Elmer Notes on Early Conn. Architecture

Evelyn weeks Thomas & Deborah Poole Hersey & . 3 generations of their descendant Joseph Lebherz Wrecks of New England

Books purchased for the Library: . church, Thomas History of Philips Par

Rohrbach, Lewis Boston Taxpapers in 1921 _

t Stark, James H. .Loyalists-of Massachusetts P‘ _ - Taylor, Richard Churches of Christ of the Congregational Hay l New England pond, Ralph V. Plymouth County Pass Probate Index 4.

. . "GLnpY"_ -1 ..

We were most excited to have the Mann.Farmhouse picked by the Tri-Star Pictures for the location of the prologue to the yery important movie, "Glory" which is an historical movie about the Civil Mar. It will be in all the theaters starting January 12th, 1990. ~ .

SUMMER ENQ CHRISTMAS TOURS - A

were well attended and We had our usual 5 tours to our 7 historic sites and they Dec 9 & IO, 1-4 PM. the people who came were most interested. We had a Christmas tour on He had open and decorated for Christmas by the Garden Club the Scituate Lighthouse, the Old Oaken Bucket Homestead and the Little Red School Houses, where we had a beautiful Christmas tree decorated by the children from the Hatherly School who came Re- Saturday Dec 9th, and sang carols and on Sunday we had the Rulon Bell Ringers. freshments were served both days. At the Lighthouse we had a beautiful tree outside decorated with 100 white lights. At the Old Oaken Bucket Homestead there was a most unusual children's room with a children's tree and Dicken's figures on display. I want to thank the Garden Club for the many ways they make our historic sites attractive

_ to our many visitors. ¢ .~ A . '

EDUCATIQN_ I

Our historic sites are always open for educational programs. He want the students in this town to see and feel the unique heritage this town has. By visiting the his- toric sites, they learn how people solved their day to day problems, how they wove their cloth, how they cooked their meals, and how they heated their houses. He hope this teaches them to appreciate and respect the history we have preserved for the future.

' - ” LAHSON BELLS bells. On Jan 1, 1990 at 12.01 A.M. I rang in the new decade on the Lawson Martin Grassie, teacher at the Hatherly School asked me if I was going to ring in the new decade. If I would, he said, he would go with me and light the way. So at 11:45 we started to climb the Tower with 2 flashlights. I got my music ready and when 12:01 AM came, with 2 flashlights held by Martin Grassie, I played "America, the Old Oaken Bucket, Columbia, Old Folks at Home, Red Hhite and Blue, God Bless America and Auld Lang Syne. On Jan 1, 1986 I rang in the 350th anniversary-of the incorporation of the Town at 12:01 A.M. I have rung the bells on many occasions. The David Silk day, when the hostages were freed, for wedding anniversaries and funerals, for the Russians, French, Scottish, Spanish, Japanese, Deputy Mayor of Tenterden, England. Also for hundreds of school children I take up in the Tower each year. On tour days I have Ted Holland and Lenae Badger play during the afternoon. Richard, Burt and Bob Holland played for years. we play the bells on special occasions such as Memorial day, Heritage day etc. One summer every Monday night, Rev. Hodgkins' son played a concert for 45 minutes. Richard Burt years ago used to go up on Christmas and play_carols. ‘These are a few of the special

‘ i occasions when the bells have been played. ' '

The winning ticket for the Amish quilt in the dalhia design will be drawn at this meeting.

The gold Old Oaken Bucket charm and earrings can still be ordered by calling John Nelson,.the designer, at 4 Brook Street - 545-6778. They make a very special gift for all occasions.

He have cup plates in the Old Oaken Bucket the Scituate Lighthouse and Lawson Tower design in various colors available at the Red School House.

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The night the Portland went down during the storm of 1898 is very much a part of Scituate's history. From 1640 to 1872 more than 1,000 ships were built on the North River and there wasn't a mouth to the river between 3rd and 4th cliff so the ships were taken out the North River by its old mouth 3 miles to the south. Engineers tried to break through 3rd & 4th cliff to no avail. Shipbuilding ended on the North River in 1872. The night the Portland went down on Nov. 26, 1898, the sea broke through between The mouth to the 3rd & 4th cliff, and changed the coastline of Scituate forever. North River is the most dangerous place on our 18 miles of coastline. Many boating accidehts have happened there. The current and the tides make it a very dangerous place. 5. , - M

_' The following article is taken from-the book "Unfinished Voyages" by John Perry Fish, one of the men responsible for finding the Portland. This article tells about what happened'the night the Portland left India Vharf, Boston, and some events that

' happened that night. ~

e . As can be seen in the computer generated graphs of shipwrecks in Appendix C, the largest number of shipwrecks to occur in one year in the entire history of the region happened during 1898. Ninety per cent of the shipwrecks that year took place in just three days. ' J

On the evening of November twenty-eighth that year, a storm raged over the north- eastern United States. In Provincetown, Massachusetts a man was trudging along the outer beach. His name was John Johnston and he was a lifesaver. As he fought the icy wind and snow that night, he walked by the surf that was pounding the shoreline and carefully studied the beach after each receding wave. There was flotsam of many kinds washing in and out with the surf but his well trained eye was looking for.a special kind of debris, the kind that meant a ship and her crew were in danger. He saw something ahead of him in the dim light of evening on the beach. It had been thrown up high by the waves and on inspecting it, he though it to have little significance.. It was an empty ice cream can from a creamery in Maine. Before long he found another and then a third along his beat. Then a different looking piece of flotsam caught his eye and he grabbed it from the surf. This was just the type of debris that he was trained to look for but he never wanted to find. It was a life preserver marked "Stmr. PORTLAND." He began running to the station house to report to the captain and alert the other stations.

This November gale in 1898 when Johnston found the life preserver was the most severe storm to hit the region in most men's memory. One of the few other bad storms during the 1800s was a storm that was in fact a closely spaced series of three storms, called the Triple Hurricanes of 1839 (see Chapter 3). Over 160 people lost their lives during the three storms, and for decades any given’period of high winds was compared in strength to the 1839 storms. After the gale of 1898, little mention was given to the

Hurricanes". - _£ g‘ earlier "Triple . ~.

The storm during which Johnston found this historic flotsam took the region come pletely by surprise. Blowing snow and winds that reached over 90 miles per hour des- troyed roads, sections of railroad and whole buildings near the seashore. "Over 400 vessels were sunk during the storm with as many lives lost- Many ships and their crews that left port just before the gale struck were never heard from again. -

One ship, a passenger steamer, sank off the region during the storm and took over l6O lives with her. The significance of this 8Yent becomes clear when we realize thatsgn this incident alone, as many lives were lost as in all the Triple Hurricanes o 9. - - ., . .. I -T ~ ~ ~ Thanksgiving, 1898, was on November twenty¢fourth.” It was a typical fall in the region, with crisp weather and bright skies. ‘Although there*had been a few snow flurries in the north, no snow had stuck to the ground yet. In the late 19th century, as they do today, many people visited their relatives forgfamily holidays. Thanksgiving that year was no exception as friends and relatives shared the holiday in Boston and other metropolitan areas.

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. . f ' . .77??Ff%e: at Truro were lutteredwith the unquestionable $¥'&'*&""*§y first light on Monday, November 28th the beeches all on board. From the author's collection evidence that the steamer Portland had sunk with Z

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On the Friday following the holiday, the weather in the northeast continued to hold clear and cool. In Boston Harbor the usual passenger steamers and freight-carrying schooners were traversing the harbor islands as they entered and left the large port. But a low pressure area in the form of a cyclonic storm had been.moving north off the eastern seaboard. Its outer edges brushed New York on Friday evening. Various telegrams generated in New York hinted that some bad weather might be bound for Boston over the ' weekend. It was not known at the time, but this cyclonic storm was very severe for. this time of the year. It was not reported before touching New York, because any _. vessel and crew offshore which ran into it probably did not survive the storm, and only its outer edge touched the Long Island Shore. At the same time, a low pressure_ area was progressing eastward from the'urkes region headed for.central Massachusetts;

None of this was realized in Boston, however, and on Saturday morning the weather was "bright and fare" with a light west wind.. During that.day the coastal communities in the region carried on business as usual. The sky began to gray in midafternoon. At India wharf several steamers were boarding passengers.» People destined for a sea

voyage trickled onto the wharf as dusk approached. " 0

Q By five p.m. the sky was more threatening and seemed to warn_of an approaching squall, but with seeming indifference, the steamer Kennebec left on her passenger run to the north. Some of the men on the waterfront discussed the bad turn in the weather and, as the temperature dropped, they expected snow flurries.

The steamer Portland, also lying at India Wharf, was loading passengers for her

eight hour run to Portland, Maine. The passengers boarding the steamer Portland were ~ from varied walks of life. Mrs. Elmira Timmons was a widow who lived in Malden, Massa- chusetts. Her son bade her goodbye as she boarded, on her way to visit relatives in _ Portland, Maine. Susan Kelly was a teacher in Auburn, Maine, returning there from-a Thanksgiving vacation with her family in Dorchester. Married in July, Halter Bemis and his bride had spent the Thanksgiving holiday with his father in Dorchester and were returning to their home in Auburn, Maine.‘ E. Dudley Freeman, a prominent attorney in Maine, and member of the Governor's Council, boarded the Portland to return to his home in Yarmouth, Maine. Families, too, boarded the big white steamer. Charles H. Thompson, manager of a grocery store in woddfords, Maine boarded with his wife and little daughter.

Leonard Dora of Saco, Maine had been in Boston for a week and was returning home. Mr. Dora was occasionally absent-minded and as he entered the cabin assigned to him on the steamer, he realized that he had left all his.luggage in the hotel at which he stayed in Boston. The captain of the Portland assured him that there was plenty of time to retrieve his bags. On his way to the hotel, however, Leonard stopped to see

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Of the many people boarding the waiting steamer, more than a few cast a wary glance at the darkening sky and some even expressed the fear of seasickness to friends who were seeing them off, but most put their trust in the captain and the steamship line and settled into their cabins. .In all, over one hundred passengers boarded the ship, helped by the sixty or so crew members that would see to the most comfortable trip as possible.

Captain Hollis Blanchard of the Portland had recently been promoted from pilot but had many years of experience on the water. The sistership to the Portland was the Bay State which was in the city of Portland, Maine readying to make its evening run down to Boston. Captain Blanchard spoke by telephone to Captain Dennison of the Bay State that afternoon. During this conversation, Captain Dennison told Blanchard that he in- tended to stay in port until the weather became less threatening. In contrast, Blanchard said that he intended to keep to his schedule.

Later, the head of the Portland Steamship Authority in Portland, Maine telephoned Boston with a message for Blanchard to hold at the dock until at least nine p.m. due to

possible bad weather. ‘

There is, however, a question of Captain Blanchard ever receiving this message be- cause the Portland slipped her lines and pulled away from the wharf at about seven-twenty that evening. Leonard Dora, having been delayed by his visit with friends, arrived at the wharf minutes later and saw the slowly disappearing stern of the steamer as it headed out towards the harbor islands. Prematurely, he cursed himself for being so absent-minded as to miss the steamer. At the beginning of its voyage, when the Portland passed Deer Island Light, Blanchard saw the steamer Kennebec, which had left Boston a few hours earlier, heading in to the the harbor. -Her captain felt that it would be wise seamanship to hold ln protection\ of

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.- . _, . -.- Boston for the night. A little farther out, near the Grave's Light, Captain Hilliam Rioux of the steamer Ht. Desert was just completing his run to Boston as he passed the outward bound Portland. He looked back to see when the Portland would turn around. He watched as the stern of the Maine bound steamer disappeared in the snow falling from the darkening sky.

The weather began to rapidly deteriorate after the Portland rounded Deer Island Light. Blanchard became more and.more apprehensive about his decision to leave as he headed towards Thatcher's Island. The captain of a fishing schooner called the Maude S reported seeing the steamer pass him at nine-thirty p.m. in the snowy night off Gloucester. . .

The wind increased in strength with each passing hour and with it the snow fell heavier. Although she was heading into the sea, the steamer was making about 11 knots and was on course. Blanchard had her at full speed in hopes of making Portland before the blow got any worse. After rounding Thatcher's Island and putting the rocky coast of Cape Ann behind him, he felt the full force of the storm waves. His new course towards Portland put the wind and sea on his starboard quarter and the seas here were more than she could take. The severe rolling of the 240 foot steamer would first lift one paddle wheel out of the water and then the other, making the ship quite unmanageable.

4 Many of the passengers on board were soon seasick. The crew had fastened down any- thing movable hours earlier. Just after ten p.m. Captain Blanchard felt the Portland shudder with the impact of huge waves and realized the mistake he had made. He had to turn back. He did not dare to turn the ship here, north of Gloucester's rocky shore. Although he knew his approximate position, he could not see any lights on shore through the driving snow. A r '

He know from repeated sightings that night that Blanchard turned the big steamer about 50 degrees to bring her on an easterly heading. He had wanted to put more dis- tance between the steamer and the shore before turning for a downwind run into the protection of Boston. Suddenly something broke loose in the ship and destroyed part of the vessel's main electrical wiring.- The Portland went dark. Now Blanchard's apprehension was transformed into real fright. He was frightened for himself and the 160 odd'men, women and children in his care. They were all huddled, seasick, in their darkened cabins.

After a few miles of steaming, the seas grew in height and the wind increased in intensity. The sea was so wild now, and the waves so big, that he felt he could not - turn the ship around for a southwest run into port. Such a maneuver would surely capsize the boat when the waves were directly abeam. Blanchard then turned the ship up to its original course into the wind to ease the beating that she was taking. Al- though he was now making little progress, he headed the Portland a few points to the east of the wind. This action, he hoped, would keep him from being blown onto the rocky north shore of Boston.

At eleven p.m. Blanchard saw aired flare off his bow. He heaved the Portland's helm over and narrowly missed the fishing schooner Grayling which was also bobbing in the wind whipped seas. with the wind and snow whistling through the broken windows in the Portland's upper deck and the monstrous waves punishing her hull. Blanchard and the crew prayed that they could survive the storm. The passing of the night within the wave-torn, rocking hull of the steamer must have seemed an eternity.

The constant pounding of the sea slowly broke fittings loose on the outside of the ship. Three and four decades later, fisherman would find these fittings in the middle of Massachusetts Bay as they hauled their bottom trawls. .

In the weeks that followed the November twenty-sixth sailing, of the steamer Portland, there were many reports of sightings of the steamer. There are a several indisputable facts, however, that bear retelling. .

The Portland battled waves generated by two weather disturbances which collided off to the southeast of Cape Cod and stalled there that night and the following day. The weather at the Blue Hill Observatory in Canton, Massachusetts, reported the high- est winds at S5 miles per hour and similar winds were reported at the Boston Observatory, but in Provincetown the winds reached over 90 miles per hour before destroying the wind measuring instruments there. Mrs. Small, the wife of the lighthouse keeper of the Highland Light, left an oral history in the care of the Provincetown Library, which she reported that the wind pressure was so forceful during the storm that it ripped the mantelpiece off the wall of the keeper's house.

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The sea churned furiously for-36 hours breaking high up on the shores of the region. In Portland, Maine, however, the highest wind recorded was 44 MPH. If the steamer that bore that city's name had left Boston an hour or two earlier, she sikely would have made port before sunrise.

He do know that the Portland made it through the night. At 6:00 a.m. on Sunday, there was a full in the storm as the "eye" passed over the middle of Massachusetts Bay. Almost as quickly as it came, the lull passed with the sky clouding over, and the

fury raged again for another 24 hours. 7 l

. ‘., . _ _ \ On Sunday, November twenty-seventh, the Portland and her fragile human cargo finally succumbed to the force of this, the worst storm in memory, sinking somewhere

north of Cape Cod. Mo one survived. - . . .

On Sunday night, almost 24 hours to the minute after the Portland left India Hharf, John Johnston found the creamery cans and the life preserver with the steamer's name written on it. He had hoped that it had been blown off the steamer by accident, and that the big boat was still afloat, but these were only the first signs of the great steamer's demise. . . ' s within four hours the beach near high head in Truro was heaped with the wreckage of the ship. The first of twenty eight bodies came ashore at three-thirty a.m. on Monday morning, along with other wreckage from Pace Point to Chatham. Over the next three weeks, bodies and flotsam rose from the Portland's grave and floated ashore on Cape Cod. Life Saving Service reports show that the men in its service were psychologically exhausted from the ghastly job of pulling body after body from the surf each night. The storm rapidly became known, as it is to this day, as the "Port- land Gale." ' ‘ \

* - He will not know what happened in those final hours until the remains of this great vessel are examined. The largest piece of wreckage that came ashore was only 30 feet in length, and no part of the main hull was ever found. All the wreckage located was from the upper decks, including the main and spare steering wheels and- much of the woodwork that made up the cabins of the ship. ~

For one reason or another, the ship probably could not be kept into the sea. As soon as she fell into the trough of the waves with the sea directly abeam, the force of the giant combers destroyed her upper works in a matter of minutes., It is thought that Captain Blanchard did not make the progress that he had hoped. with the _steamer's bow a few points east of the wind, the steamer had been pushed farther and farther to the southeast until she was well offshore when the end came.

The loss of the steamer Portland has been one of the most controversial marine

mysteries in the history of the region. There are disputed reports of the vessel . being sighted or heard on Sunday morning off Highland Light.~ Many people have searched for the Portland, including the Government and two prominent Boston newspapers. None successfully located the vessel's remain s. After deep bottom trawling became a popu- lar fishing method at the turn of the century, draggers brought up many artifacts from the ship from a variety of areas north of Cape Cod. Most of these were torn from the

steamer or her wreckage as it floated in the storm that day in 1898. ~

In the Pilgrim Monument Museum in Provincetown there are many artifacts exhibited which were recovered from the beach after the gale. In the Historical Museum at High- land Light in Truro there is a model of the steamer and other artifacts from the ship.

- It was also proposed that there might have been treasure on board the Portland for her routine voyage to Maine but these treasures are only in the imagination of those who talk of them. The Portland carried general freight to the state of Maine three times a week and had no capacity for carrying cargo of great value. The steamer carried only the treasure of frail human lives that were lost when she went down.

The wrecking of the Portland marked a change in the practice of coastwise passenger shipping in the region. From that point on, a duplicate passenger list was always left on shore when a passenger vessel left.port. In a disaster, therefore, those on shore would know who was on board. It also marked a change in the design of coastal passengeri steamers. _Paddle wheel steamers» like-the Portland, were of shallow draft which, while allowing-passage up into Maine's rivers, did not make for good handling in heavy sease. The Portland was replaced by the Governor Dingly in 1899 followed by the Calvin Austin in 1903 and the Governor Cobb in 1906. These vessels were of the propeller type rather than the paddle wheel, had a deeper draft and were more enclosed, thus allowing for more seaworthiness in the unpredictable and often wild waters of the northeast. ~

In 1989 the author and colleagues located the remains of the Portland in over three hundreda£eH§o¥ water._ A thorough survey of the site is planned. This may give us a better understanding of what caused her to sink, and tell us what Captain Blanchard might have tried to do to save her from the ravages of the worst gale to hit New England in man's memory. - The Portland Gale of 1898

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SCITUATE, MASSACHUSETTS , March 10, 1990

He are happy,to announce that the second winter dinner meeting has been planned. It will take place on Saturday, March 10, 1990 at the First Trinitarian Congregational Church, 379 Country Hay, Scituate, Mass. A Yankee pot roast dinner will be prepared by Mrs. Donald Hermance and her Committee and will be served at 6:30 sharp. Reserva- tions are required and the FIRST 200 requests at $7.00 each, with payment, will be honored. RESERVE EARLY to avoid disappointment. Checks should be made out to the Scituate Historical Society. Reservations will be confirmed at the door. Attached you will find a reservation form. Detach, fill~out and take or send with payment to The Little Red Sthool House, 43 Cudworth Road, Scituate, MA 02066 - Mon thru Sat from 10:00 to 4:00 o'clock. PROGRAM FOR THE EVENING §_|_+_1g_'s REBELL'I"'0"N IN i_H_r-:___P1'o'NE£R VALLEY , ----—-—-—- . our speaker, Steven Jendrysik from Chicopee, Mass., will present a narrated documentary focusing on the complex financial crisis and political background for Shay's Rebellion in Video form, which will be presented on a large screen by our local cable company. 0ur speaker will introduce this program and there will be a questi and aguwer Period afterwards» Just a personal note from a couple of our members: “The_ideo tape is extremely well done --- one of the best we've seen! Here is a fascinating dramatization of the struggle between the private citizen and the representatgves of State government. Some of the frustrations of today were being experienced by our forebears more than 200 years ago. a

This is a "don't miss“ program." '

Mr.Jendrysik.is a lifelong resident of Chicopee, and graduated from American International College with a double major of History and Political Science, followed by a Master of Arts Degree in Education. In September, Mr. Jendrysik began his 28th year as a teacher of United States History and American Government in the Chicopee Public Schools. Since 1974, he has taught Pioneer Valley History and in 1978 joined

Chicopee School's Community Television as writer and host of a series called ~ “Chicopee's Yesterdays.“

In 1986, during the Bicentennial of Shays‘ Rebellion, Mr. Jendrysik and a collaborator produced "Shays' Rebellion in the Pioneer Valley." The program has been shown all over the United States. ‘

' RESERVATION FORM Enclosed is my check for $ "payable to the Scituate . Historical Society, for reservations at $71K) cnch for

dinner.at 6:30 P.M, on Saturday, F%FUl10th- .

' I

RESERVE EARLY Only the first 200 reservations accompanied by payment will be accepted. Please-take or send your reserv- ation with check to The Little Red School House, 43 Cudworth

Road, Scituate, M5. 02066. - 0 '1' "i ‘F

T NAME __. . - - - ~ I . MRS. LAIDLAM REPORTS: - people On January 27th we had a very interesting program with 250 enthusiastic pies, was served at in attendance. A delicious turkey dinner, with those wonderful Methodist Church by Joan Nelson and her committee. Arnold Carr and the Harbor in the storm of John Fish after 11 years search, showed us when the Str. Portland from the Portland, part 1898 went down. Two stateroom doors and a life preserver Red School House, of the Historical Society's collection, are on view at the Little Mon - Sat 10 - 4 pm. At our January meeting Mrs. Neilen, wife 43 Cudworth Road, in of our Chief of Police, drew the winning ticket for the beautiful Amish quilt MA when I called the dalhia design. Mrs. B. Morin, 3 ld Farm Road, Duxbury, won. need her I said I had a wonderful surprise for her. She said, "I really this." makes me feel I asked her why, and she said "I broke my leg yesterday" and this news have a new good! I feel she was just the right person to win the quilt. we hope to quilt for the March meeting.

"TEACHER FOP A DAY"

The Scituate Teachers Association invited many people involved in different February 7th. areas of the town to be a teacher for a day in a special school room on He is I taught in the sixth grade at the Gates School in Robert Corbin's class. with him. I quizzed them a most enthusiastic teacher and it was a pleasure to work One question I asked on Scituate's history and played the video on the Lawson story. answer right away. How did Scituate get its name? Named Satuit every class knew the forget. by the Indians, which means cold brook. My experience is one I will never It taught me how well run our schools really are. -

ENDOWMENT FUND -

Any donations given to the Historical Society will be placed in our Endowment Fund. The principal will not be used,just the interest when necessary. In the name of the Historical Society I wish to thank the following for donations this year. Mary E. Gordon, The Hurdle Hill Foundation given on behalf of Mr. & Mrs.Peter D. we encourage people to give Phippen, . Elizabeth Whitaker and the Emma Rice estate.

to this fund to build a solid future for the society. ' I 0 O

—- - Q

FUMMER THUR? .

I want to alert all the Volunteers who are Guides during our summer tours to the dates for 1990. June 3, July 8, August 3 & 4 and September 9 -- I - 5 pm. If you would like to volunteer as a hostess, please call 545-0474.

I also need hostesses at the Mann Farmhouse and the Cudworth House in July and Auoust -- Wednesday and Saturday from 2 - 5 pm. .

4 ."*' . "7? >._ -r- ,-~ 'l,,?"“1;‘>~§11‘a ~ .. SHAYS' REBELLION

The life of Daniel Shays, from his successful military career to his leading of the revolt of New England farmers in 1787, is discussed in detail, with particular emphasis on how his financial situation was typical of the times. Continental Army soldiers were paid in paper "continentals" that were worth about twenty-five cents to the dollar, and the average soldier's yearly pay was about enough for "a pair of shoes and a good meal." Even the situation of a distinguished soldier such as Shays was desperate -— he was forced to sell a ceremonial sword given to him by the Marquis de Lafayette because he needed the money more than he needed the token of esteem. It is not surprising, then, that the situation precipitated in Daniel Shays and a group of supporters taking over the Federal Arsenal in Springfield, Massachusetts, in Janu- ary 1787. Their local insurrection became an event of national importance, making the legislature and the law more responsive to the needs of the common man. This attractive and well-produced documentary is filmed in color on locations throughout Massachusetts.

PiedPiper of histor i The past lives in stories of people ‘Q ll) .-\\’iilIl.A CAIKBONB '|'raii.-cripi -Telegram staff Iii--tory is in lie shttreo. not hoarded. says Ste- plieii It .lt-iiiirysik. I-‘or 25 years he has put this prin- ciple into practice at Chicopee Comprehensive High ' School. Bat he looks beyond his classroom to the world outside. It is this vision that prompted Jendrysilt to write '*-“”'\' and narrate several videotapes about local history. (iii Sunday. Jan. 25. one of Jendrysik's produc- _, 0 -_“.‘":‘ ll(ll'l‘- will be shown It Holyolte Heritage State Park. Jendrysilt and the tape°s director. Jan Lessin, will 1 ‘"4 answer questions and comment on the program. "Shays Rebellion in the Pioneer Valley" is a docu- ¢~§\i mentary which traces the revolt of Western Massa- t'htisetts' farmers in 1886 and 1887 and its impact on the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Daniel Shays ‘#8):-l»‘ oi Pelhain led the attack or. the Springfield Armory -re’ -' "=\"’1:r_=‘~ K“? ‘.’0ti years ago this month. 4 \ $7‘ 9 'l'o Jendrysik. history lives in stories about people. , ~ T7“-"L- ‘hf .§_~v;ti'4i--£1-.*.I'*!‘ And local history is even more interesting because ' I Q‘ '“ ,'.~'$>\'._'.“‘~“"" ;"s"‘ "_ 3-‘ we live where history was made ' ‘-'*“‘~""i.*-77*"-"' ‘"- .'\lt-l-Linstry Avenue in Chicopee is where one group ' oi nliay-s‘ supporters camped on the way to the f Springfield Armory. The tavern now at Storrowton Village is the former Atkinson 'l'avern at Prescott» ~ ¢'\%.\'~i- where Syays undoubtedly - lifted a few tankards. -te (inc Jendrysik story leads to another. His blue eyes flash. his speech grows louder and quicker when hi- ttilits about-history. His curly hair becomes more Ulli'tll_‘i lle stands up and paces. He waves his arms. § we and hi~ dramatic facial expressions breathe life into thi tales of Post-Revolutionary \1' -1’ America. 0'-i\‘ii~ Shays was no hero on a white horse. He fought in the .-‘tiiierican Revolution and became a captain. but he essentially remained a poor farmer who was thrust into. leading an insurrection. Jendrysik said. 'l‘hat underdog quality appeals to Jendrysilt. ".-\ lot of times. when you read local history. all you read about is the rich people." he said. “So what l try to do is sneak aroui-d and find out what the poor people were doing b¢|’ll2!d their backs." Shays was neither a brilliant military tactician not an inspiring leader. He took his men in a straight col- "~ ' Ulllll to face the cannon at the Springfield Armory '

’l‘hough seasoned veterans. Shays’ men broke ranks -- - so i -"9 and ran. Still, the Pelham farm-er played an impor- tant role in American history. .~;iiay.-' lit-bcllion showed legislators in Boston and elseiii-hi-re around the young country that high taxes and laci. of paper money were causing great hard- " "' ' "' ships among farmers, Although failing to take the ar- "'* mor_\. Shays and his ltegulators made their displeas .._,_ are known. Shays‘ and other uprisings eventually led to the drafting of the Constitution. Tacitliiii: historical instead of current issues is safer. Jenilrvsilt believes. “liarii--l Shays can't call you up and say, ‘What an you iiomg'." ' he joked. ltui the challenge is to show that the people who matte history are like the rest of ti: ’“ gf I "What I try to do is make these people real. malte theiii hutiiait beings. That's what they were. They weren't bigger than life. I don't think anyone is. ex- cept maybe him." Jendrysik said. glancing to his left Q at a ptisltar oi the Lincoln Memorial. “And FDR and w-. ti ievt others who went beyond the normal. breathing in huniaii lit-ing. Hut the rest of us. . . . " Jeniirysiiis fascination with local history goes . '*.. " TI'I"$¢"P'T¢'¢9"m9"°'°°YJi"'5"" liatl. to high school days when he first read Ted ' . ' . Sat-tel.i's history oi Chicopee. He became fascinated lhorg‘ tm ~ by the detail.» __ 'l‘_eacher.a'nd historian Stephen it. Jendrysik holds a copy of Edward Bellamy‘s “The Duke of -‘W4 hie i"\'¢' "7 l"-*l°r.\' *5 all ¢'"¢0"1P5$l"l%» J*‘"' Stockbridge" as he stands in the den oi his Chicopee drysilt is custodian of the Bellamy House home. materials - - . ~ - - and is at of trieztitiei the , (‘hicopee Historical (..omniic- ' . t ' . \'l1lll and |ll?iItli‘|'.;al 5ut'it:t_\'. He plans vat-atiiiii.~ to ry. But he has put oft writing it because he so enio_\'~ others about what has happened hen visit !.i~.torii .|f Nth ~ Hr even tireaiiis of bringing an another t medium. ' But that _i~ someday. lle still has classes to teach .-\iii~--» i-aiiiio: hat t. to (‘hit-opt-t “I 'd like to do it in yiiieo.“ ne said. siuiling tiroati at Chicopee Comp and at Springfield Technical t‘om- llhlt the ~ atiiion~ at lion were llliltlr in l_\. llull (lllltr "That he .» would more isiti_' mill!!!‘ Chll-'1‘ '*'ll¢‘"‘ 51‘ "HP" " *'l"‘* "1 |""*l 5‘-*1“ P" plans dU('Uilltl1 He to tie-gin wort. soori on tine‘-ther 1',‘ . '°‘f;“ §,mm'_._,~,mu“ has ‘;. gnu", “Wk 0' Ame! l;if'_\'. this one t*.\‘iilfi!llillt' I?» hint’ I-l"..i§§ littlliih \\i=? .\h;it' ~ li'=~i'it-i1:=i.'i 1.’. {iii l’itmt1'.'_ \Jllt‘_\ bit. li- ~““".‘ "r..‘~"!H. ' .‘IA‘ . ‘ " IR .3.’' H Q‘-'|:a:L'( -\ sallt l’.i'i.'!'. H "l._Ul";I' 0”si a\ ‘.a'a.~l.I|' ' ~ Ji-iit.r sit. but.l Hr t'!i\'l‘;i(in\ ' tut-'t-if-1' o 'tt*it'\i~it>Y' fii~I("\ Jd LI“ i~ '*\-Y)‘-Il'.:-i-lllt'\$'l t'i~ .'.'il-‘I l'~ 1' e l'it "'-tL"\irr' ~- Putttr 'aI'l' . . ‘, ' ‘*' _" ‘ ‘ ' ~ ‘ U" - ' ' I ".- J i' av" 1"- '2 t'.;-W ...t.5:".. h*""' la» .diin5iH'-a ‘Ii "" :"- i.na i*.Q a. .0" ' ‘ . -at W8s’Jts to arise not-a 8000! local hrsto " L" ' \ I ""' " "’ W W a r “r ' ' “ " ' p“ ’ “ i "“-’ ~ --- _¢._

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B U L L E T I N

VOLUME XLIV SCITUATE, MASSACHUSETTS NUMBER 1

JUNF”23rd, 1990 A

Through its newsletter, the Society attempts to keep alive the history and tradition of 0ld Scituate. Articles of interest and historical value are always welcome. Send to: Kathleen Laidlaw, 121 Maple Street, Scituate, Mass. 02066.

ANNUAL MEETING

The seventy-fourth annual meeting of the Scituate Historical Society will be held on Saturday, June 23, 1990 at 2:00 P.M. at the Little Red School House, 43 Cudworth Roadd off First Parish Road. The meeting will include reports and election of officers and trustees and any other business that should come before ,

the meeting. ' PROGRAM

Our program for the meeting will be an illustrated talk based on a recent trip Col. Charles M. Parkin, Jr. took to Japan to set up a program for the bi- centennial of the ship Lady Washington's landing in Japan. He will show us a very special shrine in Japan depicting this event. The Lady Washington was blilt on the North River in 1787 a brigantine of 118 tons. A replica of the Lady H sh- ' ington has been built at Gray's Harbor, Oregon and the speaker will tell us about the building of that replica and of the building also of a replica of the sh‘; Columbia, Z12 tons, also built on the North River at Briggs Shipyard, and the first Yankee ship to circumnavigate the globe carrying the American stars and stripes. Some very interesting events are coming up out in Oregon concerning these two vessels and Col. Parkin will tell us about them as well. .

"=';Col. Parkin was born in Aspinwall, Pennsylvania, 30 June 1917. An "Arry Brat" he spent two years at Gettysburg College, two at Penn State, and did graduate work at Cornell University

,First in his Thomas Act class, 1940, world war 11 years in Europe and China. Besides theater ribbons and stars, he was awarded the Legion of Merit wztr Combat V by Secretary Forrestal, and the Bronze Star with Combat V by General Donoxan for command of the 1st Airborne mission in China (Operation Akron). '

“Retired after 22 years from the Corps of Engineers, U.S.A. he formei the General Service Division, Fairfax County, Virginia, and after five years, went to Chicago as a production control engineer. Then on to the Caribbean to manage copra and citrus plantations. After second retirement, he formed a carpet, rug, and cleaning business in Orlando, Florida. Now retired in St. Petersburg, Col. Parkin spenis his time writing books and building boats. His first book, Rocket Handbook foqmgateurs, was published by John Day.

Please exchange this page for the first page of our most recent Bulletin. The statement about the Lady Hashington has been corrected in the new version. 'IF awas not the Lady Washington, it was the Columbia that carried the stars and stripes 3?Euhd'the world.

' Tour days this summer will be: July 8, August 4 & 5, and September 9, 1-5 P.M.

' 0

Q .535. LAIDLAW REPDRTS eJP‘”2}” "we had two very interesting and successful dinner meetings this last winter. Our January 27th meeting was held at the Harbor Methodist Church. He were served a delicious turkey dinner with homemade pies. Arnold Carr and John Fish presented a slide illustrated talk on researching and discovering the Steamer Portland which sank on November 26, 1898. we couldn't accommodate all the people who wished to

come - to this exciting meeting. . A

Our second meeting was at the Trinitarian Congregational Church on March 10- and a Yankee Pot Roast dinner was served by Mrs. Donald Hermance and committee. Our speaker was Steven Jendrysik from Chicopee and his subject was Shays Rebellion in the Pioneer Valley. It was a video produced on a large screen by Wendy Forman from our cable company. we thank Wendy very much. It was very well done.

I am sorry to report the passing of the following members: Mrs. Fred J. Blacker, Mr. James R. Duffy, Mr. Harold M. Fishwick, Mrs. Mildred P. Hewitt, Mrs. Ellery Hyland, Mrs. John R. Lannon, Mrs. Freeman Locklin, Mrs. Donald B.

Marsh, Mrs. Lot Phillips, Mrs. Joseph K. Rulon, and Dr. Donnell B. Young. we -

will miss these members very much. ~ ,

Joan Nelson, membership chairman, reports we have 592 annual and 164 life members, making a total of 756. This year we have 30 new annual and 11 new life members. Applications for membership are available at the Red School House.

Mrs. Philip wood, our librarian, reports we have sold 314 books on Scituate's history. we purchased for the library, Middleborough Vital Records Volume 2 and. Loyalists of Massachusetts by James H. Stark. Ancestry of Rufus Clapp gift of

Rufus Clapp. ' -

* ~ BDOKS ~

We have the following books for sale at the Little Red School House:

Adams...... Strawberry Point ...... $15.00 Bailey ...... Tell Us A Story, Jack ...... 5.00 Bonney ...... My Scituate ...... 10.00

Briggs ...... Shipbuilding on the North River ...... 35.00 ~ Burrows ...... Cannonballs and Cranberries ...... 5.95 Burrows...... Nindmill on Cape Cod. . . . .4 ...... 5.95 . Burrows ...... Yankee Scrimshanders. . . . - ...... 3.95 " Cross & Parkin . . .Captain Gray in the Pacific Northwest ...... 20.00 Deane...... History of Scituate ...... 20.00 D.A.R...... 0ld Scituate ...... 10.00 Hallaren ...... Prehistoric Indicators from Southeastern Mass . . . 45.00 Hather y School. . .Scituate‘s Heritage: The People who Made it Strong. 4.50 ._J(5th Qfdel Irish Mossers (Murphy) ...... j...... 7.00 Hunnewell ...... The Glades ...... ’ ...... 7.00 Krusell . . . . .Plymouth County - 1685 ...... 7.00 ...... Langley. .The Clapp Family ...... ~. . 29.00 . Merritt. . . . .South Scituate - Norwell ...... 12.50 Murphy . . . . .Scituate: The Coming of Age of a Plymouth Colony~

- Town . . . ' ...... 11.00 Valdespino . . . . .Timothy Hatherly & the Plymouth Colony Pilgrims . . 10.00 . Vinal...... South Shore New and Old ...... 2.00 . Hills. . . . .Nait for Me ...... 2.00

T Scituate - 1636 - 1936 ...... _ . . . . . 2.00 Bonney .'. . . . . Brushy Hill Scituate ...... 10.00

LITTLE RED_§§Lp0L HOUSE ' '

» 0ur little Red School House is our headquarters library and exhibit center. Ne have a u0n£( ful staff of volunteers who keep it open Monday-Saturday, 10-4»P.M1 Si<1» June 1989 to June 1990 we have had 1,400 from 34 states and 7 foreign ao¢» ries. Many of these people come to use our extensive genaelogical library and h1_ books on Scituate's history. EDUCATION - -3. The chance to teach the children of Scituate and the area about our history by visiting our historic sites is most important to the Society and to me per-, sonally. I feel if we don't teach our children to love and respect their history they won't take care_of it in the future. This year since April I have taken 490 students up in Lawson Tower to the Lighthouse and some to Cudworth and Mann House. They usually visit the Red School House along the way. Since January 1990 we have had school children from the following towns: Rehoboth, Abington, Holbrook, Cohasset, Hingham, and some from our schools in Scituate. awe also had exchange students from France. George and Ruth Downton who live at the Lighthouse have opened the Lighthouse every time I have asked them. I want to thank them very much for their wonderful cooperation so the Historical Society can make this education of our school children possible. I have missed this year the usual- groups who come on field trips to the historical sites from the three Elementary schools and Gates. we always open for school'groups.

The following letter was received from the Plymouth River School in Hingham: "Dear Mrs. Laidlaw, Our third graders thoroughly enjoyed today's trip to Scituate. - I'm so happy that you give your time so so many children can learn preciate about and ap- the history of Scituate. It is our favorite field trip. We look forward to visiting again next year. Sincerely, Margaret Erdman”. At this time I want the people of Scituate to realize how important, unusual and ' popular an historic attraction the Lawson Tower is to everyone who comes to Scituate It is the only tower of its kind in North or South America.

' I was very pleased to be awarded a Plymouth County Education Association gertificate for service to the Scituate Public Schools by the Scituate ssociation. Teachers

CDMiNG EVENTS - TOURS

We will have our usual five tours when we open all our seven historic sites on the following dates: June 3, July 8, August 4 and 5 and September 9 - 1-5 P.M. we already have had our June 3rd tour and it was well attended by people who seemed particularly interested in our most popular tour. Ne have open the Scituate Lighthouse, Lawson Tower, the Old Oaken Bucket Homestead, Hell and Museum, StOCkf bridge Grist Mill, 1640, where we still grind corn. The Mann Farmhouse and Hild Flower Garden, the Little Red School House and the Cudworth House and Barn. The date for the Christmas Tour will be announced later. Ted Holland and Lenar Badger play the bells all afternoon in Lawson Tower, and we have hosts and hostesses who give up a Sunday afternoon to guide people through our historic sites and tell the interesting history of that site. I could write pages about the history you will learn at each place, but come when we open and see and hear for yourself. Fresh cornmeal ground at the mill is available at the_Red School House Monday through

Saturday - 10-4 P.M. " i

HOSTESSES AND HOSTS NEEDED

The Cudworth House and Mann Farmhouse will be open through July and August, Wednesday-Saturday,'2-5 P.M. we need a Hostess at the Mann Farmhouse 4 days a week Wednesday-Saturday, 2-5 P.M. July and August and we will pay the minimum wage.

Also, we need a volunteer at the Cudworth House two days a week, July and August, 2-5 P.M. If you are interested please call 545-0474, Mrs. Laidlaw, or if you know someone interested to serve we will be calling for hosts and hostesses from 1-5 on our tour days July 5, August 4 and 5, and September 9. If you are interested call me and we can decide which place you would like to serve at. 545-0474. GIFTS _. A

He have received the following: Mrs. Barbara Powers of Kensington, N.H., a Chas. H. Frye memorial plate showing Allen Memorial Library in Scituate. Invitations to the Scituate High School Graduation Exercises for 1888, 1889, 1830 and 1831 from _ Mrs. Frederic S. Doer. Mrs. C. B. Keene (Edith Hendsroth-Keene) 14 issues of . South Shore Li ht (Jan. 1940-42); several bld photos used in that publication; and several printing plates used in its production. From the Public Affairs Office, U.S. Coast Guard, wash., D.C.: 7 books, including U.S.C.G. Alwa s Read by Hans Halberstadt; The Coast Guard Under Sail by Irving H. King; Prints in the Sand by - Eleanor C. Bishop; U.S. Revenue Cutters in the Civil Har by Florence Kern:_£g§ggg at Sea by John M. Haters, Jr.; The U.S. Coast Guard in Norld war II by M. F. Willoughby and A History of U.S. Coast Guard Aviation hy Arthur Pearcy.

E Additional gifts will be listed in the next Bulletin. II 4.

Q!“-. *?- . " I > .‘ ‘Q: Fl-'"* _.‘~.)a., ' _' ';_ 1 ._.; NATIONAL LIGHTHOUSE CONFERENCE IN WASHINGTON, D.C.

d I had the pleasure to attend the National Lighthouse Conference in Washington, D.C., April 24-26. It was held in the National Archives Theater. It gave me a chance to talk to people who are in charge or are doing what they can to save the Lighthouses all over this country which are suchyan important_ part of our history.

This conference was organized by the Lighthouse Preservation Society located in Rockport, Mass. we from Massachusetts were very proud that Boston Light is the oldest light still operating in the country. lt was built at the entrance to Boston Harbor on Little Brewster Island in 1716 at the cost of $2,285 dollars and was rebuilt in 1783. It still has a lightkeeper and the government is going to extend the present operation for two more years before they automate it so it will be the last and longest manned lighthouse in the country.

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Nigh to a thousand vessels were built in the North River and the shipyards of old Scituate, which, historically speaking, may be justly considered as of second importance only to Plymouth. »"

Many famous seagoing captains have gone out from Scituate, but of all the vessels which sailed down through the marshes of the North River, the most famous was the "Columbia," perhaps the most famous merchant vessel ever laun-

ched in our country. ' s I4

-:, The "Columbia," built by James Briggs at Hobart‘s Landing. North River, set .

sail in 1787, probably from Boston, to "round the Horn." in command of Capt. ‘ John Kendrick of Scituate, whose ancestors came over with the Men of Kent.

She left in company with her consort, the "Washington," familiarly spoken of as the "Ladyf Washington," commanded by Capt. Robert Gray of Boston. It seems '

- that Gray was the senior officer of this little squadron! in any event some-

- where on the Nest Coast they later changed ships. '~» e .. ~ "n - ' Kendrick in the "Washington"-made maritime history. It is recorded that he ‘" was the first man to sail through the great Juan de Fuca Strait, the first American commander to visit the northwest of America, and the first Ammerican commander to go to the Sandwich Islands for trading purposes. Here he opened the channel of commerce to Hawaii, where he stopped off, out meantime the "Columbia"

returned home in 1790. s

4 Neither Kendrick nor his "'Lady' Washington" ever returned to their country _”or their beloved North River; for it so happened that in 1793 an English com- mander in the port of Hawaii rendered a salute in honor of Kendrick's establish- ,ments of friendly relations with the Hawaiians out of troublesome conditions. ‘But a charge of grape shot by some unknown accident, had been rammed home in the muzzle of one of the guns. Through the belch of smote Captl Kendrick and two ship's boys beside him were seen to drop mortally wounded on their quarter deck. Thus, this explorer, this captain courageous of Scituate, sailed out "on the sun-

set side of the sundown sea." ' -

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