resources Article Current and Foreseen Tungsten Production in Portugal, and the Need of Safeguarding the Access to Relevant Known Resources António Mateus 1,2,* , Catarina Lopes 3 , Luís Martins 4 and Mário Abel Gonçalves 1,2 1 Departamento de Geologia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C6, Piso 4, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal;
[email protected] 2 Instituto Dom Luiz (IDL), Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Ed. C1, Piso 0, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Earth Sciences Centre, University of Minho-Campus of Gualtar, 4710-057 Braga, Portugal;
[email protected] 4 Cluster Portugal Mineral Resources, Praça Luís de Camões nº 38, 7100-512 Estremoz, Portugal;
[email protected] * Correspondence:
[email protected] Abstract: The economic and strategic importance of tungsten is widely recognized, but several concerns exist on its stable future supply. Portugal is one of the main tungsten producers in Europe, having generated ≈121 kt of contained tungsten in mineral concentrates from 1910 to 2020, i.e., ≈3.3% of the global production documented for the same time period. Since the early nineties, tungsten mining in Portugal is confined to the Panasqueira deposit which accounts for 79% of the country reserves (≈5.4 kt). However, according to the performed Generalized Verhulst and Richards curve-fitting forecasts, there is a significant future potential for increasing production in Citation: Mateus, A.; Lopes, C.; Portugal due to the low (<2%) depletion rates of the remaining known tungsten resources (≈141 kt). Martins, L.; Gonçalves, M.A. Current This projected growth is not necessarily guaranteed, depending on many unpredictable economic, and Foreseen Tungsten Production in technological, and political factors, besides appropriate social consents.