INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WHERE ARE THE SITES ? Research, Protection and Management of Cultural Heritage 5-8 December 2013 Ahtopol Programme co-funded by the EUROPEAN UNION 1 This page is left intentionally blank 2 Bulgaria – Turkey IPA Cross-Border Programme CCI No: 2007CB16IPO008 3 Centre for Underwater Archaeology Център за подводна археология INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WHERE ARE THE SITES ? Research, Protection and Management of Cultural Heritage 5-8 December 2013 Ahtopol Bulgaria – Turkey IPA Cross-Border Programme CCI No: 2007CB16IPO008 Cross-border Cooperation for Capacity Development in the Field of Archaeological Heritage CrossCoopArch EDITORS: Hristina Angelova Mehmet Özdoğan PROOFREADING: Ali Byrne LAYOUT: Selecta Publishers Ltd. Front cover: Wooden posts (vertical and horizontal) – remains from prehistoric dwellings (inundated prehistoric settlements in Sozopol) This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Bulgaria – Turkey IPA Cross-Border Programme. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of the Centre for Underwater Archaeology and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme. ©Centre for Underwater Archaeology Permission to reproduce can be sought from the Centre for Underwater Archaeology Contact Information Centre for Underwater Archaeology 1 Apollonia St. 8130 Sozopol, Bulgaria Tel./Fax: +359 550 22405 E-mail: [email protected] 4 Bulgaria – Turkey IPA Cross-Border Programme CCI No: 2007CB16IPO008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE WHERE ARE THE SITES ? Research, Protection and Management of Cultural Heritage 5-8 December 2013 Ahtopol Organised by 5 Background The Conference is crucial to the finalization of the joint Bulgarian-Turkish Project Cross-border cooperation for capacity development in the field of archaeological heritage (CrossCoopArch) (14/12/2012–13/12/2013) carried out by the Centre for Underwater Archaeology (Lead Partner/Project Partner 1) – Bulgaria and Kirklareli Cultural Assets Association (Project Partner 2) - Turkey – Project Contract №2007CB16IPO008-2011-2-089 financed under the IPA CROSS-BORDER COOPERATION PROGRAMME. Aims The Conference aims to bring together people from the scientific and administrative domain (scientists involved in the study of archaeological heritage and representatives of local administrations) to discuss common issues related to research, protection and management of cultural heritage and the future of joint cross-border measures that have to be undertaken jointly by Bulgaria and Turkey. A special focus will be placed on the submerged landscapes in the Black Sea and the possible future efforts of the Partners for joint marine research. 6 CONTENTS Forward 9 Mehmet Özdoğan – Istanbul University 11 Placing Eastern Thrace in Cultural and Environmental Context - A Survey of Archaeological Reconnaissance Vladimir Slavchev - Regional Museum Varna 29 A mid-Vth millennium Settlement near Suvorovo, Varna District Petar Leshtakov – National Archaeological Institute and Museum 35 Archaeometallurgical research in the southern Bulgarian Black Sea coast: the site of Akladi Cheiri and the copper deposits of Medni Rid range Kalin Dimitrov - National Archaeological Institute and Museum 55 Evolution of the Gold Working Technology in the necropolis of Varna Lyubomir Dimitrov1, Eva De Boever2, Rudy Swennen2 81 1 - Institute of Oceanology, BAS, Bulgaria; 2- Catholic University of Leoven, Belgium Origin and development of the geological phenomenon of Pobiti Kamani in NE Bulgaria Atanas Orachev – Black Sea Strandzha Association 99 Holocene sand banks of the present-day Strandzha shelf (VIth-Vth to the middle of Ist mill. BC) Nayden Prahov – Centre for Underwater Archaeology 117 Archaeological Predictive Model for Late Chalcholithic and Early Bronze Age Settlements along the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast Kiril Velkovsky 147 Geophysical Prospecting and Underwater Archaeology Zeynep Eres - Istanbul Technical University 155 Managing the cultural heritage of the Istranca Region Eylem Özdoğan - Istanbul University 197 Aşağı Pınar Open Air Museum Ivelina Petkova-Ivanova - Museum of History – Malko Tarnovo 219 Thracian beehive tomb Mishkova niva: research аnd excavation, state of conservation and opportunities for cultural tourism in the cross-border region. 7 Necmi Karul - Istanbul University 229 A bridge between Archeology and Public: Aktopraklık Cultural Heritage Project Alexandra Byrne – Balkan Heritage Foundation, Bulgaria 235 Managing cultural heritage: An Australian perspective Dragomir Garbov – PhD student 241 Heritage online: the new web-based information platform and online museum of the Centre for Underwater Archaeology" 8 FORWARD “Sozopol municipality - Bulgaria and Kirklareli District - Turkey are border regions which share the same natural environment and cultural setup. Regretfully, though there has been some sharing of academic knowledge on the outcomes of archaeological fieldwork, and although active in terms of personal communication, it still remains completely lacking regarding publicity, raising of public awareness and joint cross-border actions aimed at letting specialists and the general public learn about their shared heritage. Within the framework of the proposed project it is anticipated to activate collaboration, sharing of experience, working together in developing heritage projects and making them known to the wider public with the aim to achieve sustainability in archaeological heritage management (preservation, protection, communication) and the way heritage can be used for the benefit of the society at large. Considering that the Project activities will be carried out in regions bordering the Black Sea and acknowledging its major role in shaping their cultural development and identity since ancient times, we address the need to fill in the gap between underwater and terrestrial archaeological heritage by providing information about the invisible (underwater) Black Sea heritage and its land counterpart by linking knowledge about submerged and dry land sites and the way they form a cultural and intellectual continuum.” CrossCoopArch Project proposal The Conference was planned as one of the activities and as an official closure of the Bulgarian – Turkish Project CrossCoopArch funded under the Bulgaria - Turkey IPA Cross - Border Programme CCI No: 2007CB16IPO008. The conference has succeeded in going further than anticipated. The opportunity that it provided for Bulgarian and Turkish archaeologists, architects, municipal officials and volunteers devoted to the preservation of cultural heritage to meet one another, disseminate their research and other activities, and share ideas and knowledge on sites they study and the efforts they make to manage, preserve and protect them, was acknowledged not as a Project closing event but rather a beginning of long-term cooperation efforts which should be continued long into the future and expanded. A summary of the year-round project activities left the feeling as if the Partners have worked together for years. To qualify project activities it does not seem appropriate to use template expressions like “implemented successfully”. All of them are anticipated as a first step made by Project partners in an attempt to achieve sustainable development of cultural heritage on both sides of the Bulgarian – Turkish border, and to teach local stakeholders how they can take advantage of and benefit from their own cultural heritage assets. Hristina Angelova, Mehmet Özdoğan 9 This page is left intentionally blank 10 PLACING EASTERN THRACE IN CULTURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONTEXT A SURVEY ON ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE Mehmet Özdoğan İstanbul University e-mail: [email protected] INTRODUCTION This present paper is an overview presenting a conspectus of our work in Eastern Thrace; here, we shall restrain from going into particulars of archaeological assemblages or of cultural sequences as they have been extensively published elsewhere (Karul et.al 2003a; Özdoğan 2003a, 2007, 2010, 2011a, 2011b, 2012; Özdoğan and Parzinger 2000, 2012; Parzinger and Özdoğan 1996, 2005). On the contrary, this paper will cover some basic information on the cultural and environmental settings of the region based on our observations. As it will be mentioned in some more detail below, our work in Eastern Thrace began in 1979 as a modest field program, and in time it grew to a major research project (Özdoğan 1983a, 1983c, 1985b). In its initial stage, the main concern of the survey was to find new evidence for understanding the relations of the Fikirtepe culture with the prehistoric cultures of Southeastern Europe (Özdoğan 1983b). Already by 1981, the recording of not only the Fikirtepe, but of all prehistoric cultures, became a part of the survey coverage. While working in the field, it was observed with regret that in Eastern Thrace the modern development projects, as well as housing and industrial establishments, intensive mechanical agriculture etc. had become a real threat to the cultural remains of all kinds and of all periods. As there had been no near-to-complete cultural inventory of the region, documenting sites and monuments of all periods, including those of historic periods, became an inevitable task of our group. Up to 1984, our survey area was restricted to the European side of the Sea of Marmara, or Eastern Thrace. In that year we first included the Eastern Marmara region to the field program, covering the part of Anatolia lying between