The Radio Urbanism of Robert C. Weinberg, 1966–71 by Christopher Neville for the New York Preservation Archive Project
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“Building and Rebuilding New York:” The Radio Urbanism of Robert C. Weinberg, 1966–71 by Christopher Neville for the New York Preservation Archive Project “...This is Robert C. Weinberg, critic-at-large in architecture and planning for WNYC.” Introduction: Robert Weinberg, Department of Parks (under Robert Moses), New York City, and WNYC and at the Department of City Planning. Robert C. Weinberg was an architect and urban planner active in New York from the He taught courses in planning and related early 1930s until his death in 1974. Over four fields at New York University, the Pratt Insti- decades of vigorous engagement with preser- tute, the New School for Social Research, and vation and planning issues, he was both an ac- Yale, and published roughly 150 articles and tive participant in or astute observer of almost reviews. He was also the co-editor, with every major development in New York urban- Henry Fagin, of the important 1958 report, ism. Between 1966 and 1971, near the end of Planning and Community Appearance, jointly his career, he served as radio station WNYC’s sponsored by the New York chapters of the “critic-at-large in architecture and planning,” American Institute of Architects and the and his broadcasts are a window onto his re- American Institute of Planners. markable career and the transformations he But over his long career, Weinberg devoted witnessed in the city he loved. Weinberg’s the bulk of his considerable energies to a long personal history in the trenches and be- broad range of public-spirited efforts covering hind the scenes gave him unique perspective almost every aspect of urban development and on these changes—an insider’s overview, with city life, including historic preservation, zon- a veteran’s hindsight. ing, transportation, housing, and planning pol- Robert C. Weinberg was born in 1921, and icy. He channeled these pro-bono activities died in 1974. He grew up on Manhattan’s through over two dozen professional, civic, Upper West Side, attending Ethical Culture and community organizations in various offi- schools, and received his training in architec- cial capacities and on numerous committees. ture and urban planning at Harvard, complet- Among these, he was most closely affiliated ing his studies in 1931. He spent most of his with the American Institute of Architects, the adult life living and working in New York City, American Institute of Planners, the Regional although he traveled widely abroad and owned Plan Association, the Citizens Union, the a second home in Ridgefield, Connecticut. Washington Square Association, and Green- wich Village’s Community Planning Board He maintained a private architectural practice #2, to all which he devoted many years of from the mid-1940s to the mid-1960s, after committed service. His tireless efforts for early employment that included work at the city civic improvement may in part reflect his 1 ©2007 New York Preservation Archive Project upbringing within the Ethical Culture move- This research project is the second phase of ment, with its commitment to human better- the New York Preservation Archive Project’s ment and social reform. on-going investigation of Robert Weinberg and his role in the development of historic Weinberg kept comprehensive files on all of preservation in New York. Phase one was car- his professional activities throughout his ca- ried out by Rudie Hurwitz, who preceded me reer, and they include box after box of publi- on Weinberg’s trail. She presented some of her cations, research materials, reports, clippings, work in a lecture on Weinberg at an Archive notes, images, architectural plans, and Project panel in January, 2005, and I’ve bene- ephemera, not to mention a complete record of fited greatly from her research and analysis. his voluminous correspondence. Following his death these papers were transferred to Long The present work is essentially a close-reading Island University, where they are available to of Weinberg’s preservation-related radio researchers. broadcasts for WNYC. The decision to pursue this limited scope was inspired by the poten- Among its many holdings, the Weinberg col- tial to use sound recordings of Weinberg’s lection includes the scripts of roughly 480 broadcasts and other related material from the radio commentaries on architecture and urban WNYC archives to complement the informa- planning that he wrote and broadcast on tion gleaned from his written broadcast files. WNYC, the City of New York’s municipal In the end, it may raise more questions than it radio station. These wide-ranging reports were answers. But while we have yet to get to the aired twice a week from 1966 to 1971, just bottom of Weinberg’s complex role in the evo- three years prior to his death at the age of sev- lution of historic preservation in New York, at enty-two. Produced so close to the end of his least we can become more acquainted with his career, these scripts make up an archive- voice. within-an-archive, and they create a kind of composite self-portrait of Weinberg, covering Acknowledgments the full range of his professional interests and My thanks go to Anthony Wood, Randall expressing his deep personal commitment to Mason, Vanessa Norton, and Vicki Weiner of the city and its quality of life. They are a par- the New York Preservation Archive Project, ticularly rich resource for researchers, given and to Lisa Ackerman of the Samuel H. Kress the depth of his long professional experience Foundation for this opportunity to help them as a participant in or observer of (sometimes pursue their investigation of Robert Wein- both) almost every major preservation and berg’s work. This phase of the project has planning issue for forty years in the greater been funded by a grant from the New York New York area. State Council for the Arts. Taken together, these broadcasts are also a My thanks also go to Janet Marks, University snapshot of a city at an important juncture in Archivist at the library of Long Island Univer- its history: During the late 1960s, the momen- sity in Brooklyn, custodian of the Weinberg tum of the city’s post-war transformation in- papers, and to Andy Lanset, archivist at tersected with the community movements and WNYC. Both have been more than generous decentralizing policy reforms that gave birth with their time and with the resources in their to the Landmarks Preservation Commission collections. and the Community Planning Boards, and re- shaped the city’s approach to both historic preservation and urban planning. 2 ©2007 New York Preservation Archive Project Broadcast Overview subject matter warranted, Weinberg makes Robert Weinberg made roughly 480 broad- passing reference to a another possible model: casts for WNYC, starting on August 25, 1966, some kind of similar broadcast on the BBC by and ending on August 10, 1971. Once they architecture critic Reyner Banham, with the settled into a regular format, they were gener- text later published in the BBC’s magazine, ally 3-5 minutes each, two per week, and aired The Listener. [Weinberg to Siegel, 5/1/67.]) as part of the station’s “Around New York” program. (“Around New York” was a daily From the very start, Weinberg was interested morning segment that gathered short cultural in discussing more than just new building pro- pieces—interviews, drama and music criti- posals; while his initial short list of possible cism, etc—and announcements of public and topics included the recently-approved World cultural events.) Intended for a general audi- Trade Center Project, he also mentioned the ence, they formed a part of the station’s basic demolitions of the Ziegfield Theatre, the old public service infrastructure. Metropolitan Opera House, and plans for the Ruppert Brewery site. Over the next five It isn’t clear exactly when the broadcast idea years, he addressed all these topics, and more. first came up, or who suggested it. Weinberg’s [Weinberg to Siegel, 8/4/66.] earliest written reference to the idea seems to be in a letter to Municipal Broadcasting Sys- Throughout his time working with WNYC, tem director Seymour Siegel in early August Weinberg maintained a regular correspon- 1966. Dated three weeks before the first broad- dence with the station director and staff, cov- cast aired, the letter refers back to an earlier ering a range of logistical issues such as conversation the two had had on the subject. taping arrangements, broadcast schedules, and Weinberg was already on a first-name basis the like, especially early on. He was particu- with Siegel, and had been corresponding with larly concerned with ensuring that recordings him for a number of years. This included a of talks on time-sensitive subjects be aired 1963 letter about WNYC coverage of the promptly. As Weinberg put it in characteristic emerging system of community planning tone: boards, a subject to which Weinberg himself To wait until official announcement that would return in his own broadcasts. [Weinberg construction is going ahead would be to Siegel, 8/4/66. Weinberg to Siegel, 1/16/63.] much too late to do any good...In other In the 1966 letter, Weinberg lays out his ideas words, the public, which has the highest for “an occasional broadcast on buildings and stake in these matters, needs to be in- building operations going on in New York.” He formed of what is about to happen, not compares these “architectural critiques” to only about what has happened. I regard it then-airing drama reviews by Tony Schwarz as part of my job to do so. [Weinberg to and talks by “the Hayden Planetarium Man,” Siegel, 7/10/67.] both already parts of “Around New York,” and We are fortunate that Weinberg also devoted to Ada Lousie Huxtable’s regular architecture two entire broadcasts to discussing the intent column in the New York Times.