GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP
IMPLEMENTATION PLAN CONSULTATION DRAFT Grampians Central West Regional Implementation Plan © Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Victoria 2016 Authorised and Published by the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group (GCW WRRG) 5 East Street North Bakery Hill VIC 3350
You are free to copy, distribute and adapt the work, as long as you attribute the work to Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group
Disclaimer This publication is for general information purposes only. The State of Victoria does not guarantee that this publication is comprehensive, without flaw or appropriate for your needs. You should make your own inquiries or seek independent professional advice before relying on anything in this publication. The State of Victoria disclaims all liability for any error, loss or damage that may arise as a result of you relying on anything contained in this publication.
Accessibility If you would like to receive this publication in an accessible format, such as large print, telephone the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group on (03) 5333 7770
Conflicts of interest Potential conflicts of interest of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Board have been considered and managed throughout the development and adoption of this publication.
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CONTENTS
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CONTENTS 3 List of Figures 5 List of Tables 6 Foreword from the Chair 7 Executive Summary 8 ONE – INTRODUCTION 10 1.1 Purpose 11 1.2 The Victorian Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Planning Framework 11 1.3 Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group 11 1.4 How this Regional Implementation Plan Consultation Draft has been developed 12 1.5 How to get involved 12 TWO – ACTIONS TO ACHIEVE REGIONAL AND STATEWIDE OBJECTIVES 14 2.1 Goals, Priority Actions and Action Plan 15 2.1.1 Priority Actions for Grampians Central West 16 2.1.2 Action Plan 17 THREE – THE STATE OF WASTE IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION 23 3.1 Overview of the Region 24 3.1.1 Regional Demographics 24 3.1.2 Regional Information 25 3.2 Waste Generated and Managed in the Region 26 3.2.1 Material Stream Summary 29 3.2.2 Waste Flows Into and Out of the Region 31 3.3 Future Projections of Waste to be Managed 35 3.4 Litter and Illegal Dumping 35 FOUR – THE WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION 37 4.1 Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure and Services 38 4.2 Resource Recovery Infrastructure – Strategic Assessment 40 4.2.1 Collection Systems 40 4.2.1.1 Municipal Kerbside Collection 40 4.2.1.2 Commercial Sector Collection 40 4.2.1.3 Hard Waste Collection 41 4.2.2 Resource Recovery Centres / Transfer Stations (RRC / TS) 41 Hepburn Hot Trash 44 Yarriambiack Tip Treasure Hunt 44 4.2.3 Materials Recovery Facilities 45 4.2.4 Reprocessing and Recycling Facilities 49 4.2.4.1 Organics 49 4.2.4.2 Plastics 49 4.2.4.3 Paper and Cardboard 49 Community Resource Recovery and drumMUSTER Campaign 49 4.2.4.4 Aggregates, Masonry and Soil 50 4.2.4.5 E-Waste 50 4.2.4.6 Glass 50 4.2.4.7 Rubber (Tyres) 50
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4.2.4.8 Metals 51 4.2.4.9 Textiles 51 4.2.5 Energy from Waste 51 Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Project 52 Kaniva Biodiesel Project 52 Berrybank Farm, Windermere 52 4.2.6 Asbestos 53 4.3 Landfill Infrastructure 53 4.4 Waste and Resource Recovery Hubs 59 4.5 Financial and Environmental Performance of Infrastructure 61 4.6 Land Use Planning and the Transport Network 64 4.6.1 Land Use Planning 64 4.6.2 The Transport Network 66 4.7 Market Sounding (Request for Information) and Infrastructure Scheduling 68 FIVE – RISK AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING 69 5.1 Contingency Planning – Landfill 70 5.2 Risks – Resource Recovery 70 5.3 Contingency Planning – Resource Recovery 71 SIX – INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULE 72 Part A – Resource Recovery and Consolidation Infrastructure 73 Part B – Landfill Infrastructure Schedule 80 SEVEN – APPENDICES 92 Appendix One – Abbreviations & Acronyms 93 Appendix Two – References 94 Appendix Three – Data Sources 95 Appendix Four – Legislation and Policy Context 96 Appendix Five – Statewide Environmental and Financial Factors 103 Appendix Six – Infrastructure Scheduling Process 117 Appendix Seven – Maps 118 Appendix Eight – Collaboration Process and Outcomes 127 Appendix Nine – Glossary 129 Appendix Ten – Local Government Snapshots 134 Notes 149
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LIST OF FIGURES
FIGURE NO. PAGE
Figure 1 Process for Preparing the Grampians Central West Implementation Plan 13 Figure 2 Strategic Plan for Waste and Resource Recovery in the Region 15 Figure 3 Map of the Grampians Central West Region 24 Figure 4 Resource Flows in Victoria’s Circular Economy 26 Figure 5 Source Sector Projections for Materials Generated and Managed 2015 – 2045 (Business as Usual) 28 Figure 6 Projected Waste Generated and Managed Per Capita by Council Area 2015 – 2045 (Business as Usual) 29 Figure 7 Material Managed in the Region: Recovered and Landfilled Resource Material by Type (2013/2014) 30 Figure 8 Projected Growth of Reprocessed Materials 2015 – 2045 31 Figure 9 Cross Regional Flows of Reprocessed Materials in the Grampians Central West Region 33 Projected Waste and Recovered Resources 2015 – 2045 excluding Cross Regional Flows (Business as Figure 10 36 Usual) Figure 11 VLAA Best Practice Model for Litter Prevention and Management 36 Figure 12 Landfills Used by Each Council 54
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. PAGE
Table 1 Rationale for Priority Actions for Waste and Resource Recovery 16 Table 2 Short-term Actions, Leads, Stakeholders and Timeframes 18 Table 3 Local Government Area Population Projected 2015/2016 – 2030/2031 25 Table 4a Sector Breakdown of Material Generated and Managed in the Region (tonnes) and Recovery Rate 27 Sector Breakdown of Material Managed in the Region (tonnes) and Recovery Rate excluding Maddingley Table 4b 27 Brown Coal (Cross Region Solid Inert Receivables) Table 5 Material Streams Reprocessed (Tonnes) in the Region 2013/2014 30 Table 6 Estimate of Cross Regional Flows of Recovered Materials 2013/2014 34 Table 7 Summary of Major Products Produced from Recovered Materials 34 Table 8 Summary of Operational Infrastructure Types in each Council Area (in 2015/2016) 38 Summary of Reprocessing Infrastructure Types in the Region (in 2015) and Associated tonnages and Table 9 39 Capacity from 2013/2014 Table 10 Council Managed Resource Recovery Facilities 42 Table 11 Number of Council Managed Resource Recovery Centre Facility by Categories 43 Table 12 Materials Recovery Facilities 45 Table 13 Reprocessing or Recycling Facilities 48 Table 14 Operating Landfills in 2015/2016 55 Table 15 Scenarios Modelled for Landfill Projections 55 Table 16 Private (Own Waste) Landfills in the Region 58 Table 17 Waste and Resource Recovery Hubs 60 Table 18 Financial Factors Affecting Performance of Infrastructure 63 Table 19 Strategic Implications for New and Existing Infrastructure 65 Table 20a Infrastructure Scheduling Application Process – Recommended Proposals 68 Table 20b Infrastructure Scheduling Application Process – Recommended Proposals to service the region 68 Table 21 Grampians Central West Implementation Plan Risk Register 71 Table 22 Existing Resource Recovery and Reprocessing Infrastructure 73 Table 23 Future Resource Recovery and Reprocessing Infrastructure 79 Table 24 Existing Landfills 81 Table 25 Landfills and Projected Life 2016 – 2045 83 Table 26 Rehabilitation Status of Closed Landfills 84 Table 27 Explanation of Landfill Rehabilitation Status 91
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FOREWORD FROM THE CHAIR
I am pleased to present the consultation draft of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan (Regional Implementation Plan) for public consultation. The Regional Implementation Plan provides a roadmap to inspire change and shape the region’s waste and recycling infrastructure for the next ten years.
The Regional Implementation Plan has been developed in collaboration with our waste and resource recovery stakeholders in Councils, industry and the community. Importantly, this plan has also recognised the principle of environmental justice, to ensure involvement from the entire community in delivering the optimum waste management outcomes for the Grampians Central West region.
The development of the Regional Implementation Plan has considered and reflects an expectation of our communities to reduce the amount of waste going to landfill and to ensure waste and resource recovery facilities provide positive economic, community, environment, public health benefits and ultimately minimise environmental impacts from climate change.
We know that our region still has some challenges to improve the level of resource recovery, recognising that there are materials that can be viably recovered before going to landfill. We are aware that disposing of materials to landfill is a limited solution and while landfill is always likely to be required, easily accessible landfill space is finite. Landfills have social and environmental consequences and need to be well-managed to minimise their impact on the community. The challenge is to get the best outcomes from our waste.
The waste and recycling infrastructure within the region provides the capacity to manage current waste volumes. However, there is a need to improve operational performance, management of closed landfills, economies of scale and, in the end, minimise the costs imposed on the community and businesses.
We recognise that to achieve positive change through acknowledging our responsibility for waste solutions, we will need to work collaboratively with all our stakeholders to help deliver innovative solutions in waste and resource recovery technology, service delivery and engagement.
Through these stakeholder partnerships this plan aims to achieve the following outcomes: Innovative infrastructure or systems that improve the recovery of materials; New, upgraded and expanded infrastructure that improves aggregation of materials for recovery and utilises handling and transport and logistics efficiencies across the region; New and existing infrastructure operating to best practice principles or guidelines; and Local and regional data is accessible, up-to-date and linked to the statewide data system to underpin evidence based decisions.
We thank our Councils, industry and the community stakeholders for their valuable input in developing this consultation draft. We now look forward to receiving feedback to finalise our plan of action and inspiring change for the better waste and resource recovery network across our region.
Cr. Tom Sullivan Chair, Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Grampians Central West region (region) extends At present there are only two councils out of 12 across across 12 Council areas in western Victoria, the region that offer a kerbside organics garden waste encompassing an area of over 50,000km2, or more than service, with Ballarat commencing a service in the 21% of the area of Victoria. This covers a significant second half of 2016. Consequently, diversion of area from the metropolitan boundary to the South organics from landfill is a significant opportunity for the Australian border generally surrounding the Western region to reduce material going to landfill. Highway. The resident population is 252,230 which is projected to While there is some data on cross-regional flows of increase to over 290,000 over the next 10 Years. waste disposed to landfill in the regional and Population density varies across the region, with the recyclables managed outside the region, specific 2 number of people per km ranging from over 130 in figures on the movement of landfilled waste are not well Ballarat to less than one in the shires of Hindmarsh, understood. This presents further opportunities for West Wimmera and Yarriambiack. continuous improvement in resource recovery. The region generated and managed approximately 688,000 tonnes of waste in 2013/2014. This is expected to increase by around 14% over the next 10 The detailed analysis underpinning the Regional years to over 756,000 tonnes. Municipal Solid Waste Implementation Plan suggests that due to existing (MSW) makes up around 45% of all waste. airspace availability, our region will not require additional landfill capacity within the next 10 years. In The continual escalation in generated and managed addition, the strategic objective to reduce waste going waste growth is largely based upon population to landfill will further reduce unprocessed materials increases projected to occur over the planning period going to landfill, further supporting the analysis that no especially in regional centres and peri-urban further landfill airspace is required. municipalities. While the trend at the regional level is for increased waste generation, this is not uniform across all member Councils. Higher rates of population The Grampians Central West Waste and Resource growth in some Council areas are expected to result in Recovery Group does not consider that there is a different contributions to the regional total. demonstrated need for additional landfill airspace based on the airspace data analysis conducted in 2015/2016; and does not intend to proceed with expressions of Modelling suggests that under a business as usual interest for landfill in this point in time. This matter is to scenario, overall waste managed increases consistently be reviewed within three to five years. No other across the next 30 years with resource recovery Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Groups have occurring at a slower rate than landfilling. This rate of advised Grampians Central West of the need for landfill change is not consistent with statewide trends identified in this region. by Sustainability Victoria (SV), predominantly due to one unique landfill of state significance. Analysis excluding this facility demonstrates the region is This consultation draft of the Regional Implementation performing in a sounder recovery position and Plan has been prepared to help stakeholders, including recovering over 40% of materials. There remains a Councils, industry and the community to participate in dynamic opportunity to increase the recovery of many planning to meet the waste and recycling needs of the of the materials currently being landfilled. Currently, in region into the future. excess of 500,000 tonnes of waste is sent to landfill. A significant amount of material could potentially be During the development of the Regional Implementation recovered from this. This represents a significant value Plan, the Group undertook a market assessment to of resources that could be recovered where there is a identify industry’s strategic direction and aspirations for final viable market. resource recovery and waste management. The Group also consulted with the community, Councils and The recovery rates for material streams such as industry to better understand the issues and challenges cardboard, glass, textiles, aggregates, masonry and in the region and needs of households. soils are extremely low across the region. There is potential to improve some of these rates and to The ideas generated from these activities, together with significantly increase the recovery of textiles, plastics, the direction set in the Statewide Waste and Resource wood and timber, and other materials through the Recovery Infrastructure Plan (State Infrastructure promotion of existing services, aggregation and bulking, Plan)1, have helped in formulating this consultation and work with local industries to develop markets draft. including Energy from Waste.
1 Sustainability Victoria 2015, Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015 - 44
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During the period of this plan, together with our stakeholders, the Group will aim to work on nine priority actions including:
1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials; 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal; 3. Work across all levels of government, industry and investors to explore innovative and technological advancements that could inform future infrastructure development and investment; 4. Work with Councils and industry to upgrade and rationalise infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities; 5. Facilitate work between Councils or industry and the EPA to progress any rehabilitation assessments and requirements for closed landfills; 6. Work with Councils and relevant state planning authorities to site new infrastructure appropriately and protect existing facilities and hubs from encroachment; 7. Contribute to the development and application of a reliable state and regional data system to inform waste and resource recovery decisions; 8. Share information across government on regional infrastructure and market development needs and priorities; and 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils, industry and schools on waste and resource recovery education and engagement.
These priority actions complement the direction set out in the State Infrastructure Plan1 and, together with the six other Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (Regional Implementation Plans) being developed statewide, will establish a strategic direction and framework which will inform and encourage waste and resource recovery infrastructure that meets the needs of the Victorian community now and into the future.
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INTRODUCTION 1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE Waste is an essential service: The management of waste and resource recovery in An essential service can be defined as a service that is Victoria is an essential service that aims to minimise the recognised as a basic right for the community. Any failure to impacts on the community and the environment and to deliver this service results in risks to the community. protect public health, along with supporting a sustainable resource recovery and recycling system Victoria’s waste and resource recovery system provides the that reduces reliance on landfill. essential services to manage Victoria’s waste. If these streams are not managed properly they can cause a range of issues This consultation draft of the Grampians Central West Implementation Plan has been prepared to assist including odours, dust, noise, generation of leachate which stakeholders including Councils, industry and the can contaminate ground water, soil contamination and the community to participate in planning to meet the waste generation of greenhouse gases which impact the community and recycling needs of the region into the future. and environment. Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan, 1.2 THE VICTORIAN WASTE AND Sustainability Victoria, 2015 RESOURCE RECOVERY INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING 1.3 GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST FRAMEWORK WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP In 2014 legislative amendments to the Environment Protection Act 1970 (EP Act) established the Victorian The Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Planning Recovery Group (Group) is a Victorian statutory Framework (the Framework). As amended, the EP Act organisation responsible for facilitating a coordinated provides the legislative underpinning for the regional approach to the planning and delivery of waste implementation plans. infrastructure and services in the Grampians Central The Framework, and the regional implementation plans, West region in western Victoria. The Group formed on are primarily governed by the EP Act, but regard has 1 August 2014 and is one of seven in Victoria. The also been given to other relevant legislation in the organisation is legislated under the EP Act with the preparation of this document, as appropriate, including objectives for the Group set out in Section 49G. the Planning and Environment Act 1987 (Vic) and the The Group works with twelve Councils to facilitate Transport Integration Act 2009 (Vic). waste and resource recovery infrastructure and The Framework provides the structure for strategic services and to enable improved knowledge, planning for waste and resource recovery that collaboration and best value opportunities. The twelve integrates state, regional and local planning. Its LGAs are mapped in Figure 3 and include: objectives are: Ararat Rural City Council a) to ensure long-term strategic planning for waste City of Ballarat and resource recovery infrastructure at state and Central Goldfields Shire Council regional levels; Golden Plains Shire Council b) to facilitate the integration of statewide directions for the management of waste and resource Hepburn Shire Council recovery infrastructure and regional infrastructure Hindmarsh Shire Council needs; Horsham Rural City Council c) to enable waste and resource recovery planning to be: Moorabool Shire Council i. effectively integrated with land use and Northern Grampians Shire Council development planning and policy; and Pyrenees Shire Council ii. effectively integrated with transport planning West Wimmera Shire Council and policy Yarriambiack Shire Council d) to ensure SV and the Waste and Resource The Group is responsible for planning and facilitating Recovery Groups (the Groups) work together to the continual improvement and development of waste integrate the State Infrastructure Plan and regional and resource recovery facilities and services across the implementation plans; and region. Its legislative functions are to plan for future e) to enable waste and resource recovery infrastructure needs; facilitate infrastructure infrastructure planning decisions at the appropriate development, services and joint procurement contracts; level of the Framework. work with and advise SV, LGAs, businesses and The Framework provides for the preparation, integration communities; support collaborative forums; coordinate and implementation of the State Infrastructure Plan by and encourage community education and undertake SV and seven regional implementation plans. Further projects funded by government or industry. legislative and policy context is located in Appendix 4.
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1.4 HOW THIS REGIONAL a review of Council waste management strategies IMPLEMENTATION PLAN and plans; consultation with the Grampians Central West CONSULTATION DRAFT HAS BEEN Local Government Waste Forum (convened by the DEVELOPED Group) and its Technical Advisory Sub-Committee to understand regional priorities for future waste The EP Act2 sets out the full scope and requirements of and resource recovery infrastructure development; the Regional Implementation Plan. It must include: consultation with representatives of Councils, the a description and analysis of waste and resource Environment Protection Authority Victoria (EPA) recovery infrastructure the region and SV, and waste and resource recovery groups a description of how the long-term directions in the in Victoria about current and future risks to the State Infrastructure Plan will be implemented to region’s waste and resource recovery system; give effect to local and regional infrastructure in partnership with the Barwon South West Group, needs within the waste and resource recovery a Market Sounding (Request for Information) and region review, together with a resource recovery a schedule of existing and required waste and scheduling process, to engage industry and resource recovery infrastructure within the waste Councils to understand the waste sector’s capacity and resource recovery region and infrastructure investment intentions, any matters required by the Ministerial Guideline: challenges, capacity gaps, needs and opportunities Making, amending and integrating the Statewide and to inform the development of an infrastructure Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan schedule; and Regional Implementation Plans. analysis of media stories across the region to The waste and material streams managed by the waste inform the broader community about the and resource recovery system is complex. ‘Waste’ can development of the Regional Implementation Plan; be categorised as: and solid waste (which is either putrescible or inert)3 review of previous local surveys to gauge community aspirations and priorities around waste prescribed industrial waste (PIW) also known as and resource recovery. hazardous waste
other waste (including waste emissions to air and water and liquid [trade] waste). This consultation draft is Stage Six (refer Figure 1) of the Regional Implementation Plan preparation process. The Grampians Central West Implementation Plan Following consultation on this draft, and its integration addresses solid waste only. Whilst the management of with the State Infrastructure Plan and all other regional PIW and other wastes can intersect with the implementation plans, the draft Regional management of solid waste they are outside its scope. Implementation Plan will be referred to the Minister for Figure 1 shows the overall process for preparing the Energy, Environment and Climate Change for Regional Implementation Plan. Underpinning this consideration and approval. approach is an evidence-based analysis and assessment, principles of transparency and fairness, and engagement with stakeholders and the community. 1.5 HOW TO GET INVOLVED In Stages One to Four, the Group undertook extensive A range of opportunities to be involved in the background work to inform this consultation draft, development of the Grampians Central West including: Implementation Plan will be provided onwards from a literature review of recent regional, state and August 2016. These will include a series of forums with national research; Councils, industry and community. consideration of the State Infrastructure Plan; To find out more about upcoming engagement and submission opportunities go to the Group’s website at data collection (see Major Data Sources at www.gcwwrrg.vic.gov.au. Appendix 1) and analysis including: Recognising that many stakeholders and communities o detailed data collection and surveys from are involved in planning, building, operating and using Council staff from the regional reprocessing the region’s waste and resource recovery network, the 4 industry as part of a statewide study consultation process will continue throughout the o meetings with Council senior management, delivery of the Regional Implementation Plan. planning, economic development and engineering staff; and o initial information, liaison and data collection from the Commercial and Industrial (C&I) and Construction and Demolition (C&D) sectors in the region
2 Environmental Protection Act 1970, Section 50BB, page 42 4 Sustainability Victoria/Sustainable Resource Use (SRU) 3 Putrescible waste readily decomposes whereas inert waste 2015, Survey and Analysis of Regional Reprocessors and does not. Material Recovery Facility Operators – Consolidated Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Group Report
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FIGURE 1. PROCESS FOR PREPARING THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST IMPLEMENTATION PLAN
• Analysis of current and projected waste generated and Stage 1 managed
• Analysis of current infrastructure capacity and need Stage 2
• Market sounding for new and expanded infrastructure Stage 3
• Initial community engagement Stage 4
• Develop consultation draft Stage 5
• Broad engagement on Consultation Draft Stage 6
• Final Draft Grampians Central West Implementation Plan Stage 7
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ACTIONS TO ACHIEVE REGIONAL AND STATEWIDE OBJECTIVES 2. ACTIONS TO ACHIEVE REGIONAL AND STATEWIDE OBJECTIVES
2.1 GOALS, PRIORITY ACTIONS AND The Strategic Plan will guide the implementation actions for the region, based on the principles of the EP Act and ACTION PLAN aligned to the strategic directions of the State The Group has adopted the vision, purpose and goals Infrastructure Plan. The Priority Actions underpin the from the State Infrastructure Plan and developed activities that the Group will progress over the coming regional strategic directions, 10-year outcomes and years. nine priority actions to reflect the specific challenges, At the heart of the Grampians Central West needs and opportunities in the region. Implementation Plan is a culture of cooperation Figure 2 represents the relationship between these and between Councils, industry and the state government the strategic directions, outcomes and priority actions that focusses on achieving the best outcome for the community in waste and resource recovery.
FIGURE 2. STRATEGIC PLAN FOR WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY IN THE REGION The Grampians Central West region has an integrated and efficient waste and resource recovery system that VISION provides an essential community service to protect the community, environment and public health; viably recover materials from our waste; and minimise costs to residents, industry and government.
To provide strategic direction for the management of waste and resource recovery infrastructure that is able PURPOSE to cost effectively and efficiently manage the expected mix and volumes of waste.
GOAL2: Resource recovery GOAL4: Diversion rates GOAL1: Materials are and waste infrastructure, are optimised so that made available to the including landfills, are GOAL3: Reliable information Landfills will only be for resource recovery established and managed over that provides the evidence receiving and treating GOALS market through their lifetime to provide base and confidence to plan residual waste streams What we want to achieve in aggregation and 30 years economic, community, and invest in new and existing from which all materials consolidation of volumes environment and public health infrastructure is available. that can be viably to create viable benefits and are commercially recovered have been economies of scale. flexible. extracted.
Establish and optimise a cost effective and Advance the provision and Optimise the diversion of adaptable material performance of waste and recoverable materials from STRATEGIC recovery infrastructure Gather reliable data to inform resource recovery landfills and ensure network and service current and future waste and DIRECTIONS infrastructure service delivery adequate cost effective solutions through resource recovery planning. What we will do differently through innovation and landfill provision to meet consolidation, continuous improvement. current and future needs. aggregation and transport efficiencies.
New, upgraded and New and existing infrastructure expanded resource recovery designed, developed and operating An integrated data system Infrastructure and associated 10-YEAR infrastructure that delivers viably and to best practice established in partnership with local systems that optimise material OUTCOMES cost efficiency, increased principles, standards or guidelines and state governments and recovery and minimise waste What will be different in 10 and prioritised resource and meeting community connected to industry. to landfill. years recovery and transport / expectations. handling efficiencies.
3. Work across all levels of 6. Work with Councils and relevant government, industry and investors state planning authorities to site to explore innovative and 1. Assess and, where new infrastructure appropriately technological advancements that viable, support the and protect existing facilities and could inform future infrastructure development of solutions hubs from encroachment. and systems to increase the development and investment. 9. Continue to work with 7. Contribute to the development recovery of priority. 4. Work with councils and industry relevant agencies, Councils, and application of a reliable state PRIORITY ACTIONS to upgrade (and rationalise) industry and schools on waste 2. Facilitate the and regional data system to inform What will happen? infrastructure, improve operations and resource recovery development of regional waste and resource recovery and engage communities. education and engagement. partnerships to enable decisions. efficiencies in resource 5. Facilitate work between councils 8. Share information across recovery, materials transport or industry and the EPA to government on regional and disposal. progress any rehabilitation infrastructure and market assessments and requirements for development needs and priorities. closed landfills.
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2.1.1 PRIORITY ACTIONS FOR GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST
TABLE 1. RATIONALE FOR PRIORITY ACTIONS FOR WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY
PRIORITY ACTION WHY IS IT PROPOSED?
Recovery of the majority of resource materials is lower in the region compared to the state trends. This is evident in areas such as organics, timber, tyres, aggregates, plastics and E-waste, which could be significantly improved: the region only recovers in the vicinity of 13% of materials through reprocessors. The majority of Councils at present do not collect kerbside organic garden material and it is currently being landfilled. Organics that are landfilled totals at least 41,000 tonnes Recovery rates are presently lower for Municipal Solid Waste (MSW), C&I and C&D in 1. Assess and, where viable, support comparison to statewide trends the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of Information obtained suggests no textiles or rubber (tyres) were recovered priority materials The glass recovery rate was 0.1% and the plastics recovery rate was 2%. A number of infrastructure or service gaps that limit recovery have been identified: There are no operational rubber (tyre) recovery facilities in region; stockpiles being dealt with slowly There is a significant cost of transport due to the extensive distance across the region. Growing stockpiles of materials are evident at many facilities The community expects that materials should be recovered rather than landfilled where possible. Facility operators generally manage waste and resource recovery individually, without the consideration of partnerships in the interest of cost and logistical effectiveness. Councils are required to have regard to the transport system objectives and decision-making principles in the Transport Integration Act 2010 (Vic) when making decisions under their governing 2. Facilitate the development of legislation. The transport system objectives include integrating land use and transport systems, and regional partnerships to enable promoting efficient and coordinated movement of goods. efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal There are no options currently for aggregation and bulking, as well as back loading of waste to reduce the cost of transport. Emergency events such as fires and floods have the potential to contribute to spikes in the volumes of waste to be managed by regional infrastructure. Clear mechanisms need to be developed to ensure that appropriate waste systems and contingencies are in place during and following these events. Innovative and technological advancements are continually progressing and becoming more 3. Work across all levels of competitive. government, industry and investors Monitoring changes and new opportunities could inform new infrastructure development or to explore innovative and upgrades including innovative and cost effective service delivery models to rural and remote technological advancements that communities that increase resource recovery. could inform future infrastructure development and investment Investigations into energy from waste initiatives and their technologies are in their infancy and require investigation. Given the Victorian Government has committed to banning E-waste from landfill, it is likely additional infrastructure, storage and solutions to divert E-waste from landfill will be required. The waste and resource recovery infrastructure in the region is aging and in some instances does not meet best practice. There are inadequate storage facilities for certain materials at many resource recovery facilities, High levels of skills and expertise are required to plan for, design, construct, operate and rehabilitate landfills to best practice. There are many Resource Recovery Centres (RRCs), many not operating at best practice, which operate at a high cost to Councils and not achieving desired recovery rates. 4. Work with Councils and industry to upgrade and rationalise The quantities of waste being managed by most landfills are relatively small and the cost infrastructure, improve operations effectiveness of existing landfills is expected to continue to deteriorate with increasing resource and engage communities recovery. Significant capital, operational and long term rehabilitation costs of operating a landfill, captured in feasibility, business case and investment plans, are required to underpin decisions to progress with further landfill development Approaches to planning for, procuring and operating resource recovery facilities is inconsistent, contributing to inefficiencies and does not necessarily address regional objectives or broader issues. Commercial proprietors face a number of challenges relating to resource recovery Sufficient landfill airspace exists within the Grampians Central West region to accommodate projected waste generation beyond 10 years. Landfills play a role in safely and effectively managing residual waste, and whilst increasing resource recovery is a priority, landfills will continue to play a role in the infrastructure network.
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TABLE 1. RATIONALE FOR PRIORITY ACTIONS FOR WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY continued
PRIORITY ACTION WHY IS IT PROPOSED?
5. Facilitate work between Councils or The costs of rehabilitation and the ongoing management of landfills post-closure to the standards industry and the EPA to progress required under the EP Act to protect the environment and communities are high and are often any rehabilitation assessments and unfunded liabilities, with Councils managing the majority. requirements for closed landfills If sites are not located appropriately and protected by suitable and appropriate buffers, then the functionality of existing facilities to undertake operations and protect the amenity of the community may be impacted. 6. Work with Councils and relevant Land use planning is a key mechanism to protect buffers. state planning authorities to site new infrastructure appropriately and Confidence to invest in new facilities is linked to the availability of sites with adequate, protected protect existing facilities and hubs buffers. from encroachment All Victorian planning schemes require planning decision-makers to consider (as appropriate) relevant regional waste management plans. This requires planning decision-makers to consider the regional implementation plan when considering planning permit applications for new waste and resource recovery infrastructure and development. Accurate, credible, timely and reliable data is essential to assist planning for service delivery and capital infrastructure investment. There are currently difficulties and repetition in data measurement and collection systems The state government waste and resource recovery portfolio (Regional Waste and Resource 7. Contribute to the development and Recovery Groups, EPA, SV and Department of Environment, Land Water and Planning – DELWP) application of a reliable state and is currently investigating data collection enhancements and ways to share information. regional data system to inform waste and resource recovery decisions There are a limited number of weighbridges at the region’s facilities, which necessitates the use of estimates without standard criteria and accurate measurements. There is a difficulty in distinguishing volumes of MSW and Solid Industrial Waste (from business and industry) particularly at transfer stations. There is an interest in sharing learnings between operators and all Councils The Regional Implementation Plan can provide evidence to assist funding applications or business cases around asset improvement for waste and resource recovery infrastructure and associated infrastructure such as roads 8. Share information across To ensure industry, government and community have a full understanding of the trends, government on regional developments and technologies and advances that can influence markets and support investment in infrastructure and market recovered resources development needs and priorities Consideration has specifically been given to meeting community expectations for resource recovery activities that improve the environment, community amenity and public health, while stimulating markets for the use of recovered materials for positive economic return. The draft Victorian Government’s Community and Business Waste Education Strategy for identified 9. Continue to work with relevant the value in coordinated education across the state to improve efficiency and effectiveness agencies, Councils, industry and There is a need for state programs to be tailored address regional and local priorities and to schools on waste and resource maximise effectiveness and take-up recovery education and engagement There are a range of stakeholders with a role in the delivery of waste education: Councils, SV, EPA, Infrastructure Victoria, Regional Development Victoria, Victorian Litter Action Alliance, Schools, etc.
2.1.2 ACTION PLAN
Table 2 outlines the short-term activities proposed for each priority action.
A five-year timeframe for delivery has been set to enable actions to remain relevant, achievable and measurable.
Regional Implementation Plan - Consultation Draft 17
TABLE 2. SHORT TERM ACTIONS, LEADS, STAKEHOLDERS AND TIMEFRAMES PRIORITY ACTION SHORT-TERM ACTIVITIES LINK TO LINK TO STATE STAKE (5-years) PRIORITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEAD WHEN ACTIONS PLAN GOALS HOLDERS 1.1 Investigate viable and innovative opportunities GCW WRRG, City to increase recovery of Industry, SV, of Ballarat, 2016 – food and garden 2, 3, 9 1, 2, 3 EPA, DELWP, Councils (subject 2020 organics as feedstock RDV to project) for regional Energy from Waste (EfW) options. 1.2 Facilitate discussions with the waste and resource recovery Industry, SV, 2016 – industry to investigate 2, 3, 4, 9 All GCW WRRG Councils 2019 opportunities for resource recovery improvements 1.3 Conduct waste audits to 2018 – inform pre-sort viability 3 2, 3 GCW WRRG Councils, SV 2019 assessment 1.4 Investigate viability of 2019 – pre-sort infrastructure at 3, 4 All GCW WRRG Councils 2020 landfills and large RRCs 1.5 Investigate and, where viable, inform and facilitate opportunities to increase recovery of Industry, SV, 2017 – 1. Assess and, priority materials 2, 3, 9 1, 2, 3 GCW WRRG Councils 2020 where viable, including: organics; support the timber, tyres, development of aggregates, E-waste, solutions and glass, and textiles systems to 1.6 Identify appropriate co- increase the location sites, that have Councils, recovery of the appropriate buffers Industry, 2018 – priority materials and social licence to 2, 3, 4, 6 2, 3, 4 GCW WRRG Water 2020 operate to receive, Authorities process or treat organic waste 1.7 Work with Councils and state authorities to SV, develop mechanisms to Emergency appropriately manage 2017 – 3, 8, 9 3, 4 GCW WRRG Management waste and resource 2018 Victoria, EPA, recovery opportunities Councils during and after emergency events 1.8 Consider, inform and DELWP, facilitate any future Councils, material diversion Industry, requirements from 2, 3, 4, 8, 9 All GCW WRRG 2016+ Product landfill in line with Stewardship government ‘arrangements’ commitments 1.9 Investigate resource recovery opportunities Industry, SV, with industry via waste 2, 3, 7, 9 2, 3 GCW WRRG Industry Ongoing stream mapping and networks, RDV resource availability awareness schemes
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 18
TABLE 2. SHORT TERM ACTIONS, LEADS, STAKEHOLDERS AND TIMEFRAMES continued PRIORITY ACTION SHORT-TERM ACTIVITIES LINK TO LINK TO STATE STAKE (5-years) PRIORITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEAD WHEN ACTIONS PLAN GOALS HOLDERS 2.1 Investigate logistics and infrastructure that enables efficiencies in Councils, waste transport 1, 3, 4, 9 All Industry, SV 2016+ including understanding GCW WRRG the viability verses distance constraint 2.2 Facilitate collaborative procurements to maximise waste and resource recovery outcomes, where viable 1, 3, 4, 9 2, 3, 4 GCW WRRG Councils, SV Ongoing 2. Facilitate the and providing cost development of effective solutions to regional optimise resource partnerships to recovery enable 2.3 Observe and facilitate Councils, SV, efficiencies in methodologies to 2017 - 1, 3, 4, 9 2 GCW WRRG DELWP, resource minimise stockpiles of 2020 Industry, EPA recovery, recovered materials materials 2.4 Assist Councils to transport and procure waste and disposal resource recovery services and infrastructure that will Councils, SV, All All GCW WRRG Ongoing achieve the goals and Industry objectives of the State Infrastructure Plan and this Regional Implementation Plan 2.5 For collaborative procurements, encourage Councils to All All Councils GCW WRRG Ongoing notify the ACCC or initiate authorisation 3.1 Assist Councils to establish policy and strategies for resource recovery, waste management, infrastructure, the 1, 2, 4, 5, 3. Work with all All GCW WRRG Councils, SV Ongoing environment and 6, 8, 9 levels of sustainability which are government, aligned with this industry and Regional investors to Implementation Plan explore and the State innovative and Infrastructure Plan technological 3.2 Promote the strategic advancements directions of this plan to Industry, that could inform 3, 9 4 GCW WRRG Ongoing the waste and resource Councils, SV future recovery industry in the infrastructure region development and 3.3 Investigate and evaluate investment service delivery models and any associated 2016 - infrastructure in rural 1, 4, 9 2, 3 GCW WRRG Councils, SV and remote regional 2017 areas to facilitate cost effective resource recovery
Regional Implementation Plan - Consultation Draft 19
TABLE 2. SHORT TERM ACTIONS, LEADS, STAKEHOLDERS AND TIMEFRAMES continued PRIORITY ACTION SHORT-TERM ACTIVITIES LINK TO LINK TO STATE STAKE (5-years) PRIORITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEAD WHEN ACTIONS PLAN GOALS HOLDERS 3.4 Monitor and provide advice on opportunities and advances in the 1, 2, 4, 6, Councils, waste and resource 2, 3, 4 GCW WRRG Ongoing recovery sector and 8, 9 Industry, SV consider their application and viability for the region 3.5 Foster innovation, economic development Councils, SV, and employment 1, 2, 4, 6, 2, 3, 4 GCW WRRG DELWP, Ongoing initiatives as they relate 8, 9 to the waste and Industry, RDV resource recovery industry 3.6 Assist Councils and industry in responding to key waste and resource recovery issues and topics to Councils, SV, All All GCW WRRG Ongoing foster enhanced Industry relationships and continuous infrastructure and operational improvement 3.7 Review the Regional Councils, SV, Implementation Plan 2018 - All All GCW WRRG DELWP, EPA, and associated 2020 Schedules within 3 - 5 Industry years 3.8 Provide ongoing assistance to Councils and Industry to identify and develop opportunities for recovery of material streams with potential economic value or high environmental and public health risk at the state, regional and local level to inform infrastructure investment decisions Councils, including: 1, 3, 4, 7 2, 3, 4 GCW WRRG Ongoing Industry potential opportunities and gaps identified in the State Infrastructure Plan opportunities to use cross regional flows to consolidate material streams opportunities in rural areas where economies of scale may be hard to achieve
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 20
TABLE 2. SHORT TERM ACTIONS, LEADS, STAKEHOLDERS AND TIMEFRAMES continued PRIORITY ACTION SHORT-TERM ACTIVITIES LINK TO LINK TO STATE STAKE (5-years) PRIORITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEAD WHEN ACTIONS PLAN GOALS HOLDERS 4. Work with 4.1 Work with Councils to Councils and establish best practice industry to storage and handling of upgrade and materials such as GCW WRRG, 2016 - 1, 3 2, 3 Councils rationalise hardstand areas to SV 2020 infrastructure, reduce contamination of improve organics at RRCs, operations and shelters, etc., where engage appropriate communities 4.2 Investigate and consider options for asset rationalisation, GCW WRRG, 2016 - consolidation and 1, 2, 3, 9 All Councils upgrade of landfill and SV, EPA 2020 RRC infrastructure, primarily in rural and remote areas. 4.3 Facilitate training opportunities to assist Councils to continuously improve landfill and RRC 1, 2, 9 3 GCW WRRG EPA, Councils Ongoing operations to meet best practice and optimise recovery 5. Work with 5.1 Facilitate work between Councils or operators’ / duty holders industry and the and the EPA to develop EPA to progress risk based assessments GCW WRRG, 2017 - any rehabilitation for closed landfills and 3, 4, 9 1 EPA Councils 2020 assessments and develop management requirements for strategies for future closed landfills rehabilitation implementation 6. Work with 6.1 Work with Councils to Councils or discuss potential Councils, industry and the planning mechanisms to Minister for 2016 - EPA to progress protect buffers for 3, 8 3, 4 GCW WRRG Planning, 2019 any rehabilitation existing and proposed Industry, SV, assessments and facilities and hubs DELWP requirements for where required closed landfills 6.2 Work with industry and Councils to identify possible sites for new infrastructure including Councils, mechanisms to consider Minister for this plan in relation to 1, 3, 4 3, 4 GCWWRRG Planning, SV, 2016 -2019 relevant planning EPA DELWP, scheme amendments Industry and planning permit applications for new waste and resource recovery infrastructure
Regional Implementation Plan - Consultation Draft 21
TABLE 2. SHORT TERM ACTIONS, LEADS, STAKEHOLDERS AND TIMEFRAMES continued PRIORITY ACTION SHORT-TERM ACTIVITIES LINK TO LINK TO STATE STAKE (5-years) PRIORITY INFRASTRUCTURE LEAD WHEN ACTIONS PLAN GOALS HOLDERS 7. Contribute to the 7.1 Work with SV and other development and Groups to develop and GCW WRRG application of a support an integrated Groups, 2016 – 9 4 SV reliable state and data system that Councils, 2018 regional data responds to state and DELWP, EPA system to inform regional needs waste and 7.2 Work with industry and resource SV to receive more 2017 – recovery timely, consistent and 9 4 GCW WRRG Industry, SV 2019 decisions reliable data through building relationships 7.3 Analyse and share data and information to assist Councils, 2017 – evidence based 9 4 GCW WRRG Industry, SV 2019 decision-making and operations 8. Share 8.1 Consult with industry information and Councils to gather across information on Councils, 3, 8, 9 4 GCW WRRG Ongoing government on innovation and market Industry, SV regional development needs and infrastructure priorities and market 8.2 Inform and participate in development the development of needs and state policies and priorities programs by communicating regional Councils, SV, 1, 2, 3, 4, needs and priorities for All GCW WRRG DELWP, Ongoing 6, 7, 9 infrastructure, Industry innovation opportunities and market development for materials 9. Continue to work 9.1 Play a role in assisting with relevant SV, the Victorian Litter agencies, Action Alliance (VLAA) Councils, and Councils in Councils, SV, industry and facilitating the All All GCW WRRG DELWP, Ongoing schools on waste development and Industry and resource implementation of best recovery practice litter prevention education and programs engagement 9.2 Implement community education and SV, VLAA engagement activities in Councils, conjunction with 4 4 GCW WRRG Ongoing Schools, Councils, Schools, Industry industry and communities. 9.3 Provide assistance to industry to ensure infrastructure, facilities and services are GCW WRRG, operated and managed 4 4 Councils SV, Ongoing to protect the Community, community, environment and public health
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 22
THE STATE OF WASTE IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION 3. THE STATE OF WASTE IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
3.1 OVERVIEW OF THE REGION
3.1.1 REGIONAL DEMOGRAPHICS The region is home to a current population of over 250,000 which is projected to grow over the next ten The Grampians Central West region (Figure 3) spreads years to around 290,000 (an increase of over 14%). across 12 LGAs in western Victoria, encompassing an The total regional population, as outlined in Table 3, is 2 area of over 50,000km or more than 21% of the state. forecast to increase by 16% between 2015/2016 and This covers a significant area from the metropolitan 2025/2026 (the life of the Regional Implementation boundary to the South Australian Border generally Plan) incorporating more than 40,000 more people. along the Western Highway corridor. The region Population density varies across the region, with the includes key population centres such as Ararat, number of people per km2 ranging from over 130 in Ballarat, Horsham and Stawell, and ranges from urban Ballarat to less than one in Hindmarsh, West Wimmera fringe areas adjoining metropolitan Melbourne to rural and Yarriambiack. areas bordering South Australia
FIGURE 3. MAP OF THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 24
TABLE 3. LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA POPULATION PROJECTED 2015/2016 – 2030/2031
LGA 2015/2016 2020/2021 2025/2026 2030/2031 CHANGE 2016-2026
Ararat 11,299 11,578 11,744 11,913 445 4% Ballarat 104,344 115,476 127,265 139,650 22,921 22% Central Goldfields 12,729 13,039 13,482 13,768 753 6% Golden Plains 21,714 24,250 26,488 28,841 4,774 22% Hepburn 15,175 16,059 17,082 17,918 1,907 13% Hindmarsh 5,497 5,352 5,125 4,932 -372 -7% Horsham 19,886 20,509 21,371 22,223 1,485 8% Moorabool 32,420 36,484 40,930 45,414 7,970 25% Northern Grampians 11,657 11,554 11,410 11,542 -247 -2% Pyrenees 6,902 7,199 7,461 7,739 559 8% West Wimmera 3,933 3,828 3,696 3,631 -237 -6% Yarriambiack 6,674 6,434 6,264 6,208 -410 -6% Total 252,230 271,762 292,318 313,779 39,548 16% Source: Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning 2015 Victoria in Future (VIF) projections
3.1.2 REGIONAL INFORMATION The projected growth is not uniform across all LGA As noted in the Central Highlands and Wimmera areas. The population in Hindmarsh, Northern Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plans5 the region has Grampians, West Wimmera and Yarriambiack is three distinct parts, each with its own particular issues expected to decrease slightly in the next ten years, with and opportunities: the western segment of the regions remaining stable, and the majority of growth expected to occur in the peri- Ballarat, which is the largest city has a significant urban and regional centres of Ballarat, Golden Plains impact on the development and growth in its and Moorabool. hinterland The regional centres and peri-urban municipalities have The eastern section of the region, which is within the larger population base and will also include the Melbourne’s peri-urban hinterland and has greatest population growth. This is evidenced by the particular population growth pressures around City of Ballarat hosting 44.5% of the regional population areas with significant landscapes, agricultural, in 2030/2031 and between now and 2030/2031 Ballarat waterway and other environmental assets will also accommodate the majority of new residents The western area, predominantly comprising rural with over 35,000 people equating to 57.4% of the areas and establishment settlements, with regional growth. Rural LGAs, on the contrary, are relatively low or negligible population growth. experiencing slightly declining populations for a number The main road transport corridor in the region is the of reasons including but not exclusive to ageing Western Highway, which connects the region from population, changing agricultural scenarios and Bacchus Marsh through to Ballarat, Ararat, Stawell, and migration to regional centres where health and Horsham and onto the South Australian border. There education facilities are located. are also numerous other important road and rail While population growth is a major driver of how much corridors including the Sunraysia Highway connecting waste is generated, there are many other factors Ballarat to the central part of the region, the Henty contributing to how much and what waste and Highway, which runs north-south through Horsham and associated materials are generated. This includes but the Wimmera Highway which provides an additional may not be exclusive to urban lifestyles, economic east-west link in the West Wimmera. conditions, manufacturing, consumer decision, The region contains highly productive agricultural and education and community behaviour. horticultural land for broadacre grazing in the south and broadacre cropping in the north and central areas. There are also some areas of intensive agriculture, including horticulture, viticulture and poultry across the region.
5 Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan, May 2014 and Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan, May 2014
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 25
Other key employment sectors 3.2 WASTE MSW is the largest generating across the region are healthcare, sector with around 311,000 manufacturing, retail and GENERATED AND tonnes per annum and construction. Manufacturing, MANAGED IN THE representing 45% of all waste. tourism, transport and mining are REGION Less than a quarter (23%) of this important elements of the waste is recovered, thus forcing economy in some areas across All aspects of life, business and significant volumes to landfill. the region. Employment is household activities within the growing in the services sectors region lead to the generation of The C&I sector generates particularly education and health. waste. Some of this waste is approximately one third of the The industry outlook over the next managed, that is recovered and waste in the region (228,000 two decades indicates that high reprocessed, within the region but tonnes) however only recovers a growth sectors will be healthcare some of it is transported and small portion (26,000 tonnes or and social assistance, managed outside of the region. 11%) of the materials. professional, scientific and Some materials come from The C&D sector equates to about technical services, renewable outside the region and are one fifth of the waste generated energy, accommodation and food managed by reprocessors and and managed, and of that amount services and tourism. landfill within the region. recovers a further 20% of One of the principle challenges in Based on modelling and outlined materials. managing the future of waste and in Table 4a, an estimated 688,000 Overall, the recovery rate of resource recovery across the tonnes of waste was generated 18.5% is a low figure, below state region is the significant variation and managed in the Grampians averages, but permits the region in the economic outlooks in terms Central West region in 2013/2014, to have the greatest opportunity of population density, growth representing approximately 7% of for improvement. patterns, economic diversification the state total. Of this, 561,000 It is anticipated that a range of and changes in economic activity. tonnes (81.5%) of residual waste new Council resource recovery 6 was sent to landfills in the region systems, industry and community which included significant flows education will increase the from the Metropolitan region recovery rate into the future. (State Infrastructure Plan 2015).
The remaining 127,000 tonnes (18.5%) of material resources were recovered.
FIGURE 4. RESOURCE FLOWS IN VICTORIA’S CIRCULAR ECONOMY
Source: Sustainability Victoria 2015, Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015 – 44
6Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 26
TABLE 4a SECTOR BREAKDOWN OF MATERIAL GENERATED AND MANAGED IN THE REGION (TONNES) AND RECOVERY RATE
2013/2014 TOTAL RECOVERED LANDFILLED7 RECOVERY RATE LANDFILL RATE
Municipal Solid Waste 311,000 70,000 241,000 23% 77% (MSW) Commercial and Industrial 228,000 26,000 202,000 11% 89% (C&I) Construction and Demolition 149,000 31,000 118,000 21% 79% (C&D) Total 688,000 127,000 561,000 18.5% 81.5% Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015, Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment and direct information from LGAs and Reprocessors.
When considering the volumes of waste and resources Table 4b shows that the region is recovering 50% of generated and managed and within the region, one MSW, which demonstrates a better recovery rate than must be cognisant of the fact that the region is home to otherwise indicated. The recovery of C&I (30% - Maddingley Brown Coal, a waste facility of state 26,000 tonnes) and C&D (47% - 31,000 tonnes) significance. presents a case that industry is endeavouring and Maddingley Brown Coal is a solid inert waste landfill attaining improved recovery rates. The removal of the and is the only landfill in the state permitted to receive cross regional inflows provides a recovery shredder floc8 which is a major by-product of industrial improvement, but there is still the capacity for local and activity. The majority of material disposed of at regional improvement. Maddingley Brown Coal has had all viable resources The four major landfills located across the region, each recovered from it and is totally residual. With its manage between 17% and 39% of the total landfill proximity to metropolitan Melbourne, much of the volume generated in the region. material deposited at Maddingley Brown Coal is This waste generated and managed across the region generated outside the region and transported in to the is expected to grow continuously in line with population region for disposal. More information on Maddingley growth projections at around 14% over the next 10 Brown Coal can be located in Section 4.3 Landfill years to over 756,000 tonnes (and to more than Infrastructure. 982,000 tonnes by 2044/2045). With Maddingley Brown Coal receiving the majority of The expected rate of growth of landfilled and recovered its material from metropolitan Melbourne, Table 4b has material is shown in Figure 5 under existing conditions been included to provide a picture of what occurs in the of generation and diversion, i.e. ‘business as usual’ region directly from its population. (BAU). BAU is defined as the current situation (status The significant volumes of solid inert material, with no quo) continuing although it is noted that the intention of recovery potential and disposed of at the Maddingley the Regional Implementation Plan is to endeavour to Brown Coal Landfill, skews the regions recovery rate to provide continuous improvement and these figures to a lower figure. This particular issue is not encountered ultimately change for the better. by any other regions in the state in the same way it is encountered in the Grampians Central West, due to its particular size and location of this landfill.
TABLE 4b SECTOR BREAKDOWN OF MATERIAL MANAGED IN THE REGION (TONNES) AND RECOVERY RATE EXCLUDING MADDINGLEY BROWN COAL (CROSS REGION SOLID INERT RECEIVABLES)
2013/2014 MANAGED TOTAL RECOVERED LANDFILLED RECOVERY RATE LANDFILL RATE
Municipal Solid Waste 140,000 70,000 70,000 50% 50% (MSW) Commercial and Industrial 86,000 26,000 60,000 30% 70% (C&I) Construction and Demolition 66,000 31,000 35,000 47% 53% (C&D) Total 292,000 127,000 165,000 43.5% 56.5%
7 Tonnes landfilled are derived from landfill levy data supplied by EPA and do not include prescribed industrial waste (PIW). There has been no allowance for daily cover which must be considered when comparing figures with those in earlier drafts of the State Infrastructure Plan. Previously landfill figures were adjusted to remove a 15% allowance for daily cover. 8 Shredder Floc is Residue directly arising from large scale shredding operations to recover metals. Shredded material includes, but is not limited to, end of life vehicles, white goods, machineries, drums and corrugated material.
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 27
Figure 5 shows that under BAU conditions and planning period, especially in regional centres and peri- including Maddingley Brown Coal, much of the urban municipalities as evidenced in Figure 6. additional growth in waste is expected to result in The projected 30-year trend for total waste and landfilled materials, while the amount of waste resources recovered (based on a per capita generation recovered is expected to remain relatively static. rate) by each LGA is shown in Figure 6 utilising BAU The principles and priority actions of this Regional modelling. Implementation Plan aim to alter this to recover more This demonstrates that the largest contribution towards resources and minimise landfill usage. the total generated and managed waste growth in the Therefore, a future representation of this figure will region is from the LGAs with the largest projected indicate an increased rate of resource recovery in line population increase and includes Ballarat, Moorabool with the objectives of this plan. The trend at the regional and Golden Plains. level is for increased waste generation, which is not Proportions of waste generated and managed by each uniform across all LGAs. This increase in generated LGA is based on the overall waste for the region divided and managed waste growth is largely based upon the by the population for each LGA. population increases projected to occur over the
FIGURE 5. SOURCE SECTOR PROJECTIONS FOR MATERIALS GENERATED AND MANAGED 2015 – 2045 (BUSINESS AS USUAL) 1,200
C&D ‐ Landfilled 1,000
C&D ‐ recovery
Tonnes 800
C&I ‐ Landfilled 600
C&I ‐ recovery 400
MSW ‐ Landfilled 200
MSW ‐ recovery 0
Source: Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment based on RWRRD data Sustainable Resource Use for Sustainability Victoria, 2015. NB – includes Maddingley Brown Coal landfilled material.
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 28
FIGURE 6. PROJECTED WASTE GENERATED AND MANAGED PER CAPITA BY COUNCIL AREA 2015 – 2045 (BUSINESS AS USUAL)
3.2.1 MATERIAL STREAM SUMMARY Of the more than 688,000 tonnes of material managed Figure 7 illustrates that of the recovered materials in the in the region in 2013/2014, it is estimated that only region, organics all (combined including food, garden, around 127,000 tonnes was recovered for recycling and wood / timber, and other) equates to approximately reprocessing. 36%. It is expected that the introduction of a garden waste collection in Ballarat during 2016 will result in an The composition (by weight) of the type of material increase in the resource recovery rate of organics. recovered and the breakdown of what residual went to Other key materials recovered include Metals 54%, landfill in the region is shown in Figure 7. Aggregates, masonry and soil 18% and Paper / The percentage recovered does not include the Cardboard 8%. materials that go directly to other regions for recovery, The recovery rates for cardboard, glass, textiles, estimated to be around 43,000 tonnes, including the plastics, aggregates, masonry and soils are extremely large amounts of glass, paper, cardboard, etc., that are low. There is potential to improve some of these rates collected through kerbside commingled recyclable and to significantly increase the recovery of textiles, collections and sent for recovery in metropolitan plastics, wood and timber, and other materials through Melbourne. Further detail and information on key the promotion of existing services, aggregation and materials is outlined in their respective categories in bulking, and work with local industries to develop Section 4. markets.
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 29
FIGURE 7. MATERIAL MANAGED IN THE REGION: RECOVERED AND LANDFILLED RESOURCE MATERIAL BY TYPE (2013/2014) 160,000 140,000 120,000 100,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0
Recovered Landfilled
Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015 Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, and Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment.
Table 5 and Figure 8 consider the data on recovered materials that were reprocessed in the region. It is evident, and similar to the above Figure 7 that the reprocessing of organics and metals occurs at a reasonable rate. There are deficiencies in the recovery and reprocessing of plastics, glass, textiles and paper/cardboard to name a few. This provides the potential opportunity for further recovery of these materials and their reprocessing in the region, if viable.
TABLE 5. MATERIAL STREAMS REPROCESSED (TONNES) IN THE REGION 2013/2014 MANAGED9 RECOVERED LANDFILLED10 MATERIAL CATEGORY % RECOVERED (TONNES) (TONNES) (TONNES) Food 42,000 15,000 27,000 36% Garden Waste 10,000 3,000 7,000 30% Organics Wood / Timber 9,000 3,000 6,000 33% Combined N/A N/A N/A N/A Other 9,000 9,000 <500 98% Paper/ Cardboard 142,000 12,000 130,000 8% Glass 15,000 N/A 15,000 0.1% Plastics 115,000 3,000 112,000 3% Rubber incl. tyres N/A N/A N/A N/A Metals 34,000 18,000 16,000 53% Aggregates, Masonry and Soil 97,000 17,000 80,000 18% Textiles 44,000 N/A 44,000 0% PIW 60,000 N/A 60,000 0% E-waste <500 <500 N/A 100% Other 63,000 4,000 59,000 6% Total 640,000 84,000 556,000 13% Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015 Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators – Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report and Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment.
9 Modelled data and rounded figures. Percentages based upon actual data. 10 Tonnes landfilled are derived from landfill levy data supplied by EPA and do not include prescribed industrial waste (PIW). There has been no allowance for daily cover which must be considered when comparing figures with those in earlier drafts of the State Infrastructure Plan. Previously landfill figures were adjusted to remove a 15% allowance for daily cover.
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FIGURE 8. PROJECTED GROWTH OF REPROCESSED MATERIALS 2015 – 2045
Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015 Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3 and Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment.
This data has identified that there is a significant value 3.2.2 WASTE FLOWS INTO AND OUT OF THE of resources that are going to landfill and a significant REGION percentage of those resources could and should be recovered as long as there is a viable final market. There is a significant amount of waste that flows in and out of the region. The exact amount is difficult to To place this in financial perspective, if the total landfill determine due to the rudimentary amount of data levy paid annually in the Grampians Central West captured and the extensive array of waste region, for materials currently being landfilled (tonnages measurement and recording methodologies, multiple of approximately 550,000 as per Table 4a), excluding facility options within the region and abroad and the category ‘other’ which includes all non-recyclable transport routes. Simply the region, where viable, waste, it proposes that this is in the order of $15 - $30 should focus on the opportunity to better manage million. This amount is currently being paid as a landfill materials generated in the region. levy to dispose of a valuable resource that can be retained and reused, and potentially derive additional The current information on cross regional flows was one financial, social and environmental benefits. of the considerations that the Group when undertaking a joint Market Sounding process with the neighbouring This calculation is based on landfill levy estimation: Barwon South West region. Some residual waste is $30 million = Schedule C - Metro and provincial transported to Werribee landfill from Golden Plains and premises Municipal and Industrial waste; mixed recyclables to other facilities in Melbourne for $15+ million = Non-Schedule C (Rural) premises reprocessing. Kerbside collection of recyclable Municipal and Industrial waste materials, such as in Ballarat which has over 40% of the While it is highly unlikely to recover 100% of every regional population, is managed in Melbourne. Virtually material, the landfill levy savings are considerable. all other Councils are transporting kerbside recyclables This, when calculated with total commercial activity to Barwon South West or the Melbourne metropolitan including landfill gate fees, corporate profit margin, regions. This impacts on the amount of materials transport costs and so forth, suggests there is capacity currently managed within the region and subsequent to invest into resource recovery as the value of the regionally managed recovery rates. market potential for recovery is significant and worthy of further feasibility and investigation. Any investment in resource recovery may be brokered on the initial payback of the form of a reduction in total volumes to landfill and subsequent landfill levy savings.
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Figure 9 illustrates the source of materials entering the A small proportion of material is sent overseas following region to reprocessors and the destination of materials reprocessing. Most materials leave the region, with leaving reprocessors from the region. Analysis of the only 20% staying within the Grampians Central West estimated data from Sustainability Victoria (2015) area. Of the material that leaves the region, 47% is outlines that the reprocessors in the Grampians Central sent to Melbourne, 12% to other non-metro regions, West region receive the majority of their recovered 19% interstate and 1% is exported. materials from within the region, followed by the In addition to the material sorted or reprocessed in the Melbourne metropolitan region. Small tonnages are region, there is also material sourced from within the received from other Victorian regions and from region but managed in Melbourne. Waste generators interstate sources. Reprocessors, as a collective, and material handlers with a statewide or nationwide indicated they received 68% of their materials from presence often have recycling contract arrangements within the region, 3% from other non-metropolitan that see material flow directly to capital city facilities. regions in Victoria, 28% sourced from metropolitan Melbourne and 1% from interstate. This includes national waste companies and also national retailers and industrial sites. 11 Current data indicates that more material leaves the 13 region than enters the region. Significant material flows The total value of resources recovered in the region is are transported out of the region for estimated to be over $4m, with less than $0.5 million of recovery/reprocessing and include: those resources staying in the region. This figure underestimates the value of the industry as some A large amount of paper and cardboard is collected businesses in this region did not provide a value for in the region and transported to Melbourne; reprocessed products. Metals and tyres are collected and transported to In an extensive geographical region with variation in Melbourne. The exact quantity and volumes are population, there is an opportunity to undertake a unknown; number of resource recovery initiatives to aid in the Organic material to Barwon South West region; viable reclamation of materials within the region such as reducing contamination, developing new or enhanced Plastics and mattresses to Barwon South West markets, security of feedstock and economies of scale. region; and 12 Materials across the region are sold from resource Hazardous waste (oil, car batteries, paint and gas recovery operators in the form of a number of products. bottles) are collected and sent to Melbourne. Table 7 outlines the three major products for each The majority of materials able to be reprocessed are material type sold on by reprocessors in the region. sent either directly to the Melbourne metropolitan Some of these products will be used by manufacturers region, or aggregated at local reprocessors and to produce other products further down the supply forwarded. Smaller tonnages are managed within the chain. Grampians Central West region, sent interstate and to other Victorian regions.
11 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of 13 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report Group Regional Report 12 Hazardous waste is out of scope of the Regional Implementation Plan
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FIGURE 9. CROSS REGIONAL FLOWS OF REPROCESSED MATERIALS IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
Source: Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment.
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TABLE 6. ESTIMATE OF CROSS REGIONAL FLOWS OF RECOVERED MATERIALS (2013/2014)14 FLOWS INTO THE REGION FLOWS OUT OF THE REGION MATERIAL CATEGORY Destination Tonnes Source Region Tonnes Region Food N/A Garden Waste 3,000 Metropolitan 35,000 Regional Victoria, Metropolitan Organics Interstate Wood / Timber N/A Combined N/A Other N/A Paper / Cardboard 8,000 Regional Victoria 6,000 Regional Victoria, Metropolitan Metropolitan, Overseas Glass N/A 1,000 Regional Victoria, Metropolitan REPROCESSING Plastics 2,000 Regional Victoria, 2,000 Metropolitan, Metropolitan, Interstate, Interstate Overseas Rubber (inc. Tyres) N/A Metals N/A 2,000 Regional Victoria, Metropolitan Aggregates, Masonry and 9,000 Metropolitan N/A Soil Textiles (Mattresses) N/A <500 Regional Victoria E-Waste <500 Regional Victoria N/A Other <500 Interstate 7,000 Metropolitan, Overseas Total 22,000 53,000 Disposal to Landfill 400,000 Metropolitan N/A Source: Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators – Grampians Central West Regional Report, and direct Industry and Council data contribution.
TABLE 7. SUMMARY OF MAJOR PRODUCTS PRODUCED FROM RECOVERED MATERIALS
MATERIAL TYPE MAJOR PRODUCT 1 MAJOR PRODUCT 2 MAJOR PRODUCT 3
Aggregates, Masonry and Soil Crushed concrete Other undifferentiated products N/A Glass Packaging glass Cullet Sand substitute Secondary aluminium casting Metals Metal / steel N/A alloys Manufactured soils / Furniture, flooring, construction Organics Stock feed landscaping soils timbers and general lumber Paper and Cardboard Cardboard packaging (baled) Printing papers Other paper packaging products Plastics Timber replacement products Mixed plastic packaging (baled) PE-HD (2) Rubber N/A N/A N/A Other Disassembled E-waste N/A N/A
14 Not including kerbside collection
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3.3 FUTURE PROJECTIONS OF 3.4 LITTER AND ILLEGAL DUMPING WASTE TO BE MANAGED Litter and illegal dumping poses a significant problem for communities in terms of environmental and amenity Figure 5 (in section 3.2) highlights the future for the impacts, clean up and collection costs. Litter also has a region’s waste and resource recovery by sector based negative impact on local communities’ feelings of safety on business as usual projections. Assuming current and wellbeing (Gladwell, M. 200015 and Kelling, G. resource recovery rates continue, and based on further 198216). economic development and expected population increases, by 2026, waste generated and managed is Litter and illegal dumping is managed through a wide projected to increase by 14% (or more than 100,000 range infrastructure, education and enforcement actions tonnes) to 756,000 tonnes. In 30 years it is expected to across state and Council authorities. The Victorian increase by more than 50% to approximately 982,000 Community and Business Waste Education Strategy tonnes. identifies regional litter plans as a key mechanism to identify and prioritise regional litter issues and develop Under business as usual conditions, overall waste targeted, measurable and evidence based litter generated and managed increases consistently across prevention activities. the next 30 years with recovery occurring at a slower rate than landfilling. This trend runs counter to The Group will play a role in supporting Sustainability statewide trends and provides a substantial opportunity Victoria, the Victorian Litter Action Alliance (VLAA) and for this region to address and increase resource Councils in facilitating the development and recovery. As outlined in Section 3.2.1, a significant implementation of best practice litter prevention volume of waste is deposited at Maddingley Brown programs by: Coal’s solid inert landfill. This waste is a result of cross Leveraging our strong relationships and regional flows and generated in the metropolitan partnerships to influence best practice litter Melbourne region. Regional projection must take into prevention practices among our stakeholders and consideration when analysing resource recovery and delivery partners; landfill rates. Supporting participation (and retaining The region will continue to consistently increase the membership) with the VLAA and to utilise existing amount of waste and resources generate and manage resources, research and tools developed by VLAA within the region, as outlined in Figure 10. This figure to ensure a consistent approach to litter prevention which excludes cross regional flows (Maddingley Brown and clean up; Coal), aligns with Table 4b, and demonstrates that the region is projected to increase the amount of resources Supporting stakeholder engagement, knowledge recovered. This improved recovery rate is projected to sharing, capacity and capability building through increase at approximately 5% per annum ahead of state government and Council partnerships, and landfill at 3%. In this scenario when excluding cross with other land managers, where relevant; regional flows, the recovery rate inherently increases Supporting the development of consistent litter data from around 30% to almost 40%. Other resource collection and reporting practices (e.g. VLAA’s recovery initiatives, if applied over the next 30 years Local Litter Measurement Toolkit) that can be would also create a larger rise in the recovery rate and shared and used by all stakeholders for strategic a lessening in the waste to landfill volumes. program implementation and evaluation; and Detailed analysis has established that the region will not Supporting the development of cohesive State, require additional landfill capacity within the next 10 Regional and Council litter strategies. years. Furthermore, the strategic objective to recover materials and reduce waste to landfill will further reduce reliance on landfill.
15 Gladwell, M. The Tipping Point, 2000 16 Kelling, George L.; Wilson, James Q. Broken windows: the police and neighborhood safety. Atlantic Monthly. 1982
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FIGURE 10. PROJECTED WASTE AND RECOVERED RESOURCES 2015 – 2045 EXCLUDING CROSS REGIONAL FLOWS (BUSINESS AS USUAL)
400
350
300
250 Tonnes 200 Waste recovered 150 Waste to landfill
100
50
0
Source: Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment based on RWRRD data Sustainable Resource Use for Sustainability Victoria, 2015
FIGURE 11. VLAA BEST PRACTICE MODEL FOR LITTER PREVENTION AND MANAGEMENT
Source: http://www.litter.vic.gov.au/litter-prevention-tooklits/best-practice-model Victorian Litter Action Alliance Website
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THE WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION 4. THE WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY SYSTEM IN THE GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
4.1 WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY INFRASTRUCTURE AND SERVICES The region is served by a range of waste and resource The network generally has adequate current capacity recovery infrastructure, both publicly and privately however some additional capacity in key areas will be owned and operated. The infrastructure network required to meet the region’s future needs. includes four licenced landfills (two owned by Councils, Table 8 shows the number of resource recovery and two privately owned) and 12 landfills exempt from facilities / reprocessors and landfills in each LGA and licencing. Table 9 displays a summary of the types of The region also accommodates 59 Resource Recovery infrastructure and their capacity – noting that some Centre / Transfer Stations / Drop off Facilities (all materials flow out of the region to be managed and operated by Councils except for one in in Ballarat), four others flow into the region. The facilities and their Material Recovery Facilities, three Resource Recovery locations are mapped out in Appendix 7. Interchange Facilities and at least 21 reprocessors.
TABLE 8. SUMMARY OF OPERATIONAL INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES IN EACH COUNCIL AREA (IN 2015/2016) RESOURCE RECOVERY COUNCIL AREA CENTRES / MRF / REPROCESSORS LANDFILLS INTERCHANGED Ararat Rural City Council 9 0 7 Central Goldfields Shire Council 4 1 0 City of Ballarat 3 12 0 Golden Plains Shire Council17 1 1 1 Hepburn Shire Council 4 1 0 Hindmarsh Shire Council 7 0 0 Horsham Rural City Council 6 3 1 Moorabool Shire Council 3 1 1 Northern Grampians Shire Council18 6 1 2 Pyrenees Shire Council 6 1 0 West Wimmera Shire Council 7 0 0 Yarriambiack Shire Council19 10 0 4 Total 66 21 16
17 Smythesdale Landfill is owned and operated by the City of Ballarat but located in the Golden Plains Shire Council 18 Includes one combined Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill and one Interchange Facility 19 Includes four combined Resource Recovery Centres and Landfills
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TABLE 9. SUMMARY OF REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE TYPES IN THE REGION (IN 2015) AND ASSOCIATED TONNAGES AND CAPACITY FROM 2013/2014 TONNES UNDER- INSTALLED INFRASTRUCTURE TYPE 20 CURRENTLY UTILISED NUMBER CAPACITY MANAGED CAPACITY Drop Off 5 RRC/TS Stand Alone 42 25,000 Resource Recovery RRC/TS (co-located at landfill)21 12 RRC Interchanges 3 N/A N/A N/A MRF 4 7,000 Reprocessor Organics 5 30,000 68,000 38,000 Reprocessor Paper / Cardboard 3 12,000 29,000 17,000 Reprocessor Glass 0 <100 <100 0 Reprocessor Plastics 1 3,000 4,000 1,000 Reprocessor Tyres / Rubber 0 N/A N/A N/A Reprocessor Metals 4 18,000 64,000 26,000 Reprocessor Aggregate, Masonry and Soils 4 18,000 43,000 25,000 Reprocessor Textiles 0 N/A N/A N/A Reprocessor E-Waste 1 <500 <1,000 <500 Reprocessor Other22 1 4,000 3,000 0 Energy from Waste (EfW) Anaerobic Digestion / Other 2 N/A N/A N/A Total 87 Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015 Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015 Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report and Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment.
20 Note that some reprocessors manage multiple materials. 21 At collocated sites RRC/TS volumes managed only; no landfill volumes considered. 22 Reprocessor other predominantly manage Aggregates, masonry and soil / plastics
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4.2 RESOURCE RECOVERY Analysis and review of forthcoming kerbside INFRASTRUCTURE – STRATEGIC contracts and investigation for suitable size (larger) ASSESSMENT commingled recycling receptacles, smaller (general waste) receptacles, optimal frequency of collection;
and 4.2.1 COLLECTION SYSTEMS Continue to increase the quality of recovered A waste collection system involves services to pick up materials by a number of methodologies from waste where it is generated and transport it to facilities education to better infrastructure. for processing or disposal. These services are provided The City of Ballarat’s commitment to a continued to households and some businesses by Councils, and investment in the kerbside collection and street cleaning to some businesses by commercial operators. fleet with a rolling programme of investing in a new fleet Collection services play an important role in on a three to five-year cycle, is an example of strategic aggregating materials for recovery and appropriate asset renewal for kerbside collections. This will management and protecting public health and the continue whether the collection system remains in- environment. house or is managed by external contractors.
4.2.1.1 MUNICIPAL KERBSIDE COLLECTION 4.2.1.2 COMMERCIAL SECTOR COLLECTION Municipal kerbside collections provide an essential Commercial premises and not-for-profit organisations community service through the regular removal of (non-residential) customers are generally required to waste materials from households. These services seek, manage and fund their own waste and recycling include the collection of commingled recyclables, requirements through commercial contractors. organic garden waste (in some localities) and residual Commercial and Industrial (C&I) waste will generally waste (garbage). Some Councils provide a service to include material generated from activities including small and medium enterprises. education and health as well as manufacturing, Kerbside services are provided by Councils via private governments and related agencies, restaurants, contracts and in-house providers, paid for by residents factories and offices and other small to medium through rates and waste levies. All Councils deliver business enterprises. These often occur through weekly residual waste collection services other than provision of skip bins (in a range of sizes). Source Golden Plains Shire who provide a fortnightly collection separation in in this sector is growing with cardboard, and larger receptacle. Rural properties are generally shrink wrap and plaster only skips offered. provided with an optional service subject to being on an Construction and Demolition (C&D) waste is largely acceptable route or in a reasonable density. Recycling made up of solid inert materials, many of which are collections occur across all LGAs, generally on a heavy and can be recovered, which is again collected in fortnightly basis, but not in outlying rural areas. skip bins or trucks and conveyed to landfill or Limited organics garden waste collections occur; recovered. Pyrenees Shire Council has a fortnightly collection and Future Needs and Opportunities Central Goldfields Shire Council have an opt-in fortnightly service. Organics garden waste collections There is capacity for the Group to work with industry have commenced in Ballarat urban areas from July and Councils to investigate a number of opportunities 2016. This leaves 75% of Councils and a significant including: number of households not collecting organic garden Extension of Council kerbside collection routes for waste, thus producing considerable tonnage of a viable a user pays recycling provision to service more waste material that is going to landfill. The gap in small to medium business enterprises, and in the kerbside organics recovery is an opportunity for the long-term potentially garden waste and ultimately region. food waste; Municipal collections provide a secure supply of Investigate resource recovery opportunities with feedstock for reprocessors. Efficiency, transport and industry via waste stream mapping and resource environmental performance has improved through availability awareness schemes; and technological advances such as global positioning Understand and address the challenges guidance and tracking systems, cameras, improved commercial proprietors face including: emission standards, low entry and high visibility collection vehicles. Limited reprocessors to received mixed industrial waste; Future Needs and Opportunities There is capacity for Councils to investigate a number Distance to reprocessing facilities; of opportunities including: Cost to transport waste materials for recovery; Ongoing assessment and extension of kerbside Source separation of material for collection; collection routes for new developments and rural Commercial in confidence matters; and areas (or alternative solutions); Physical space to accommodate a range of Extension of organics (garden waste) services to resource recovery receptacles. Council areas that do not currently offer kerbside services (should be examined through feasibility investigations and procurement processes);
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4.2.1.3 HARD WASTE COLLECTION 4.2.2 RESOURCE RECOVERY CENTRES / The majority of Councils do not provide a kerbside hard TRANSFER STATIONS waste collection (provision for households with the Resource Recovery Centres / Transfer Stations opportunity to dispose of items not normally accepted or (RRC/TS) represent an important link in the possible to fit into garbage bins, for example, white infrastructure chain and are the most common waste goods and furniture) and residents are encouraged to and resource recovery infrastructure facility type across utilise resource recovery centres. A couple of Councils the region. provide landfill vouchers for disposal of hard waste RRC/TSs receive a range of materials, some of which materials. Central Goldfields Shire Council operates a are not collected through kerbside services, as well as hard waste collection on request (twice monthly) and servicing residents without a kerbside service. They Pyrenees Shire Council have committed to move from focus on recovering, sorting and/or consolidating an annual hard waste collection to a tri-annual recyclable materials for transport to sorting or collection commencing in 2016/2017. reprocessing facilities and consolidating residual waste Dialogue from Councils generally indicates that for transport to landfills. Some RRC/TSs have kerbside hard waste collection is not a preferred infrastructure for more problematic materials and recovery method because the evidence, benchmarking products such as E-waste, mattresses and tyres. The and information from other LGAs across the state RRC/TS facilities operate on a range of scales and suggests: some a standalone, others are collocated with landfill. is expensive whereby collection costs more than A number of landfills have closed in recent decades and double on a per household and per-tonne basis23; many of these have been converted to a transfer station. has extensive risks associated with its operations; Councils have realised the cost and operational provides poor public amenity efficiencies of RRC/TSs compared to landfills. Sorting materials recovered decreased significantly, from of recyclable materials is encouraged by pricing 22% to 9%24, which is likely due to: structures. people collecting valuable material before the Despite the expanse of the region, there is currently an contractor arrives at kerbside (reducing the equitable geographical network of RRC/TSs accepting ability to off-set collection costs with revenue a range of material for disposal or resource recovery, from recovered items) within a reasonable radius of the majority of populated collection processes, such as the use of townships – refer Appendix 7. compactor trucks, damaging items Improving the ability to recover more resources and manage the RRC/TSs to best meet the needs of the local community (such as opening hours) is an opportunity to ensure the facilities provide the best value for the Council, maintain reasonable access by the community and recover more resources. RRC/TSs are detailed in Table 10 with their currently managed annual tonnages.
23 Victorian Local Government Annual Survey trend data 24 Victorian Local Government Annual Survey trend data provided by Sustainability Victoria provided by Sustainability Victoria
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TABLE 10. COUNCIL MANAGED RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES TONNES CURRENTLY MANAGED COUNCIL FACILITY TYPE (ANNUALLY) Ararat RRC 100 - 200 Elmhurst RRC <100 Lake Bolac RRC <100 Moyston RRC <100 Ararat Rural City Council Pomonal RRC <100 Streatham RRC <100 Tatyoon RRC <100 Willaura RRC <100 Bealiba TS <100 Carisbrook TS 1000 - 5000 Central Goldfields Shire Council Dunolly TS <100 Talbot TS <100 City of Ballarat Ballarat TS 5000 - 10000 Golden Plains Shire Council Rokewood TS <100 Creswick TS and Resale 1000 - 5000 Hepburn Shire Council Daylesford TS and Resale 1000 - 5000 Trentham TS and Resale 500 - 1000 Dimboola TS 500 - 1000 Jeparit TS 100 - 200 Kiata Depot DO <100 Hindmarsh Shire Council Netherby Depot DO <100 Nhill TS 500 - 1000 Rainbow TS 100 - 200 Yanac Depot DO <100 Horsham TS and RRC 1000 - 5000 Jung TS and RRC <100 Mt Zero (Laharum) TS and RRC <100 Horsham Rural City Council Pimpinio TS and RRC <100 Quantong TS and RRC <100 Toolondo TS and RRC <100 Bacchus Marsh TS 1000 - 5000 Moorabool Shire Council Ballan TS 1000 - 5000 Mt Egerton TS 200 - 300 Halls Gap TS <100 Northern Grampians Shire Council St Arnaud TS and LF 300 - 400 Stawell TS 500 - 1000 Avoca TS 200 - 300 Beaufort TS 1000 - 5000 Carranballac DO <100 Pyrenees Shire Council Crowlands DO <100 Landsborough TS <100 Snake Valley TS 300 - 400 Apsley TS <100 Chetwynd TS <100 Dergholm TS <100 West Wimmera Shire Council Edenhope TS 100 - 200 Goroke TS <100 Harrow TS <100 Kaniva TS <100 Beulah TS and RRC <100 Hopetoun TS and RRC <100 Minyip TS and RRC <100 Murtoa TS and RRC <100 Patchewollock LF and RRC <100 Yarriambiack Shire Council Rupanyup TS and RRC <100 Speed/Tempy LF and RRC <100 Warracknabeal LF and RRC <100 Woomelang TS and RRC <100 Yaapeet LF and RRC <100 Source: Compositional data from Sustainability Victoria 2015, Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment and LGA information
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Table 11 lists the number of RRC/TSs in the region by Pyrenees Shire Council’s recently endorsed Municipal the Victorian categories, based upon annual tonnes Waste Management Plan28 demonstrates the local received. commitment to continuous improvement at RRC’s. Recommendations include: TABLE 11. NUMBER OF COUNCIL MANAGED “That Council initiate a redesign of existing transfer RESOURCE RECOVERY FACILITIES BY stations to include “best practice” guidelines and CATEGORIES25 detail cost estimate. That regular monthly joint inspections of transfer NUMBER IN CATEGORY TONNES station sites be conducted between the REGION Contractor’s representative and Council Officers to 1 Less than 1,000 51 review general “housekeeping” activities and that the Contractor provide improved manual handling 2 1,000 – 3,000 8 equipment for each site. That Council makes early submission to GCW Stockpiles at RRC/TSs are generally uncontrolled and WRRG for inclusion of upgrade works funding at amounts are very much estimated. Some material may Beaufort, Avoca and Snake Valley Transfer be segregated at rural facilities but stockpiled for long Stations as part of the Regional Planned Works for periods. The material may biologically degrade (e.g. subsidy funding from Sustainability Victoria garden organics), reducing in volume over time. The Infrastructure Grants, when they are reinstated. “29 reasons for stockpiling include it being financially Councils are constantly investigating and analysing the unviable to transport some materials to reprocessing need to rationalise and consolidate RRC/TSs to create facilities or for mobile equipment to process the material viable economies of scale to reduce costs, while on site. As data on recovered material is often not improving operations, service and efficiency. It is worth captured until it leaves the site, information on noting that anecdotally in the central and eastern end of stockpiled materials may be missing from regional data. the Region people have generally suggested that the Future Needs and Opportunities existing RRC service and distances are suitable whereby they do not need to drive more than 10 - 20 RRC/TSs are considered to have sufficient capacity to kilometres. meet growth in demand over the next ten years, subject to some general infrastructure and equipment This is also a typical distance between many smaller upgrades, increased collection frequency of skips and country towns. For example, the majority of residents storage to manage additional recovered materials. within the Central Goldfields Shire live within 15 kilometres of one of the Shire’s four RRCs. Many centres require upgrades to improve the function, safety, recovery rates and operational performance so If consolidation was to occur this would increase to a that they meet best practice guidelines26 which may travel distance of around 20 - 25 kilometres and the include hardstand areas, shelters, accessibility and Shire would only need two RRCs. Therefore, Councils circulation, signage and so forth. RRC/TS facilities also need to consider the balance between the level of need to be flexible and adaptable to the changes service to residents and proximity in conjunction with material types which could be expected to be managed. cost of multiple operations. Some Councils have investigated and audited a number In the western sector of the region townships are more of their RRCs, such as the West Wimmera Shire often 30+ kilometres apart and the RRC in the vicinity of Council’s Rural Resource Recovery Centres Best 30 - 50 kilometres away from each other. An analysis Practice Review and Priority Improvements Program27 of what is viable in relation to reasonable and equitable for the Kaniva and Edenhope RRCs respectively. access is also needed in the west. The City of Ballarat, given the limitations to the existing All Councils can continue to provide improved local TS facility, is considering a new TS site within the information and education to residents on the location next four years, which will be required to accommodate of their nearest RRC, and incentivise their use. adequate infrastructure to manage the revised RRCs generally benefit from resale centres. There is operations. The new site is planned for the Ballarat continual progression at medium and larger sites to West Employment Zone. The City existing compactor provide resale shops. Examples of recent resale centre fleet deliver individually to the Smythesdale landfill site, improvements include a shed expansion at the and it is proposed to build a central receivable point for Carisbrook Transfer Station and Resource Recovery compactor delivery, and to transfer daily kerbside Centre (Central Goldfields Shire Council) and a new collection to the Smythesdale site via the City’s structure at the City of Ballarat Transfer Station. articulated vehicle. This proposed change to the City’s Utilising social media, events and education campaigns operation will deliver significant efficiencies to the across the region stimulates interest and awareness in kerbside collection system, improve resource recovery resale centres at RRCs and two case studies are and related industries, and enhance quality control presented on the next page. across the waste management system generally.
25 Sustainability Victoria 2009, Guide to Best Practice at 28 Pyrenees Shire Council 2015, Review of Council Municipal Resource Recovery Centres Waste Services and Waste Management Plan 26 Sustainability Victoria 2009, Guide to Best Practice at 29 The Group will support the Council in seeking funding Resource Recovery Centres support for upgrades that are strategically aligned with the 27 Impact Blue Pty Ltd 2014, West Wimmera Shire Council Implementation Plan, if and when funding may be available. Rural Resource Recovery Centres Best Practice Review and Priority Improvements Program
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“Hepburn Hot Trash” Facebook and Instagram Sites Launched
Council is excited to announce the launch of new Facebook and Instagram sites to facilitate the sale of goods through its tip shops at Daylesford, Creswick and Trentham transfer stations. The "Hepburn Hot Trash" Facebook and Instagram sites will be used to promote the sale of unusual and/or sought-after products in all three sites.
Hepburn Shire Council CEO, Aaron van Egmond, said “Reducing waste to landfill, and the environmental benefits that come from that reduction, is a priority for Council. This initiative is just another way we are diverting waste from landfill.”
"We look forward to seeing the popularity of the sites grow as people become aware of them. We will be working with interested community groups and the administrators of other sites focused on recycling to promote these pages," said Mr van Egmond.
The sites will also be used to engage with the community by highlighting educational blogs and blogs that relate to recycling, upcycling and waste management.
Source: Hepburn Shire Council Media Release 23 March 2016
Yarriambiack Tip Treasure Hunt
Taking a very different approach to engaging their community about diverting material from landfill and increasing awareness of local opportunities to recycle and repurpose household items, Yarriambiack Shire Council produced their first Op Shop Tour brochure in 2012.
The brochure highlights the range of op shops and second- hand shops that can be found in nearly all the small towns across the shire, from the Wheatlands Warehouse in
Warracknabeal through to Flutterbys at Beulah. While many of these shops have the dual purpose of raising funds for charities, they are an effective way of encouraging the residents of Yarriambiack Shire to recycle, reuse and repurpose.
After refurbishing their transfer stations in 2014 with new resale sheds with funding from Sustainability Victoria, the council also created the ‘Tip Treasure Tour’. Again another innovative promotion to encourage local residents to take advantage of the old maxim, ‘one man’s trash is another man’s treasure’.
Source: Yarriambiack Shire Council
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4.2.3 MATERIALS RECOVERY FACILITIES Recent closure of MRF’s in Horsham (WasteBusters) There are four Materials Recovery Facilities (MRFs) and Stawell (Vatmi) occurred due to lack of viability. (Table 12) within the region and they are located at Future Needs and Opportunities Daylesford, Horsham, St Arnaud and Ararat; a Future potential to expand or re-establish a MRF to sort combination of private and Council operated facilities. and process recyclables in the region may depend on a MRFs receive commingled recyclables from MSW and number of factors including but not exclusive to: C&I waste streams collected by Councils or private willingness of Council and operators to run a MRF contractors, and sort and send them to reprocessors. and the associated timing of council tenders for Non-recoverable materials are sent to landfill Materials waste services contracts; and leaving facilities include: how well such facilities compete with large-scale Aluminium facilities, especially from those outside the region. Steel (ferrous metals) If recovery of industrial waste was enhanced, it would Plastic - sorted by plastic type 1-7 improve recovery outcomes. Pre-sorting of residual waste prior to it being disposal of at landfills would also Plastic - mixed recover additional recyclable materials from all sectors Glass - mixed cullet that could provide feedstock to MRFs, contributing to Paper and Cardboard the economy and reducing reliance on landfill. These materials usually originate from packaging. Relatively small quantities of some of the sorted MRFs are not commonly designed to recover non- materials are aggregated; this can create a barrier since packaging materials like steel or plastic from toys or markets demand minimum quantities. In these furniture or soft plastic like foils or plastic bags. circumstances aggregation over long periods of time may be required to reach marketable quantities.
TABLE 12. MATERIALS RECOVERY FACILITIES
COUNCIL FACILITY TYPE MATERIALS MANAGED
Ararat Rural City Council Downes Recycling Paper Cardboard Hepburn Shire Council Daylesford MRF Mixed Waste / Recyclables Horsham Rural City Council Horsham Green Waste Processing Mixed Waste Northern Grampians Shire Council St Arnaud Recyclers EcoSwish Recyclables
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4.2.4 REPROCESSING AND RECYCLING Councils are also an important influencer in the FACILITIES acceptance of recycled materials in civil projects such as pavement and trench construction. They are both an Reprocessor; A facility that changes the end user on their own capital works projects and a physical structure and properties of a waste specifier in instances such as subdivisional works, material, that would otherwise be sent to which are often contracted out to civil construction landfill, to add financial value to the processed companies. material. Without reprocessing, the beneficial use of the material would be lost. Councils that are proactive about recycling are not simply supporting the collection of materials from There are a range of reprocessing facilities in the region kerbside, they are actively specifying and procuring recycling resources. There are currently 21 private recycled materials for civil applications including reprocessing facilities (listed in Table 13 and mapped in pavement and trench construction.33 Appendix 7). Many of the reprocessors manage a primary material but also recover and reprocess a 4.2.4.1 ORGANICS number of secondary material streams. The existing Organic wastes are presented in a variety of forms: 30 pathways for reprocessing as identified by SV’s 2015 food organics, including food waste from domestic reprocessor survey have been analysed accordingly. and industrial sources (e.g. food manufacturers) The 2015 SV reprocessor survey31 found that garden organics, including grass clippings, approximately 20% of recyclate stays within the region prunings, plants and leaves and 80% is sent elsewhere for reprocessing. There are a number of material streams that are not reprocessed wood and timber (excluding treated timber which in the region or the existing capacity is limited. For cannot be recycled due to its impregnation with some material streams, local management solutions substances such as copper-chrome-arsenate) may not be feasible, for example due to lack of local other organics, such as biosolids, straw, agricultural markets, or the need for specialised treatment processes. technologies. Further investigation needs to occur on Different types of organic wastes require different respective material streams and determine if there is technologies and treatment systems; hence not all potential to establish or expand reprocessing for some reprocessors can accept all types of organic waste, with materials within the region. some facilities specialising in one or more types. Data A number of facilities listed as reprocessors do not from the region34 estimates that more than 30,000 actually recycle or reprocess the material on site, but tonnes of organics was managed in the region in may act as aggregation points for collected material 2013/2014. This includes food organics (around 50%), prior to on-selling to recyclers outside the region or garden organics (around 11%), wood / timber (around forwarding to parent companies. Continual 9%) and other organics (around 31%, which includes improvements in facility definition, classification and biosolids, greasetrap waste, sludges, etc.). associated data collection will continue to improve There are at least six facilities in the region accepting, regional analysis of the network. aggregating and/or reprocessing organics. Castlegate Some material may be recovered from the waste stream James manages around 40 - 50% of the organics total and stockpiled on site; it is not reprocessed or otherwise and is the only facility which accepts food waste) and managed, and is not reflected in regional waste and Calleja Transport (40 - 45% of the organics total) are material data. Material types that are often stockpiled on major reprocessors of organic materials. site for long periods include garden organics, tyres, The Horsham Garden Recycling Centre and Dunolly metals, concrete, bricks and tiles. Second-hand Timber Yard manage significantly smaller Resource recovery and reprocessing has largely been volumes. Central Goldfields Shire Council currently driven by a ‘push’ to divert waste from landfill, which operate an in-vessel composting facility, which has been strongly supported by the community’s desire manages the garden waste from its voluntary kerbside to recycle. This ‘push’ or supply of materials has not organics collection. The facilities produce a range of always been matched by consumer and industry ‘pull’ composts, soil conditioners and biodiesel. or demand for products made from recovered Community expectations around the operation of resources. This imbalance in supply and demand of facilities are likely to minimise the establishment of recovered resources can result in stockpiles of these open windrow composting. materials, and can reduce the viability of some resource recovery industries.32 It is noted that a number of RRC/TSs and landfills stockpile garden organic waste; this is not included in data on the amount of organics managed in the region as it does not leave the site where it is deposited.
30 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of 32 Sustainability Victoria, 2016 Victorian Market Development regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations Strategy - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery 33 Sustainability Victoria, 2016 Victorian Market Development Group Regional Report Strategy 31 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of 34 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report Group Regional Report
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This organic material is either mulched and utilised by Many industries are significant generators of organic Councils in horticultural practices at parks and reserves material and accurate organics data may never be (or occasionally offered to the community), used for captured as the material may be used for economic daily cover or rehabilitation of landfills or sometimes benefit without further reprocessing. burnt. There is potential for improved solutions for garden Consequently, there are higher amounts of this material organics currently processed further. It is worth noting available for reprocessing than is accounted for in the that organics are recovered in the region in a number of data. other ways including: Future Needs and Opportunities the wine industry can benefit from compost and A “one size fits all” approach to organic waste mulch; management fails to recognise the unique challenges of Councils chip garden and woody waste to produce service delivery in metropolitan, regional and rural a raw mulch which does not have an end market settings or the opportunities for managing organic but is utilised in their own horticultural practices waste for local benefits. Thus, individual solutions, and in some locations made available to residents relevant to scale and viability, will need to be as mulch; determined for each locality. mulch is used in combination with soil as a weekly Notwithstanding, appropriate sites for facilities to or daily cover at their landfill; manage organic material will be needed in the region. aquatic plant material harvested from Lake The Victorian Organics Resource Recovery Strategy35 Wendouree and donates to the community to take states that: as they wish for domestic horticultural use such as Identify appropriate co-location sites, mulch; through the development of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery composting of a wide range of materials into Implementation Plans (RWRRIPs) that certified composts and soil additives; and have the appropriate buffers and social reuse of clean timber in MDF and particle board. licence to operate to receive, process or The continuation of this organic material re-use for treat organic waste other beneficial outcomes is admirable and should This directive is built into the actions of this wherever practicable and viable be promoted. Implementation Plan. Councils have advised that their issues with garden There is a need and opportunity to increase the organics relate to contamination by way of what collection and reprocessing of organics garden waste impurities are included when the material is received, across the region. This occurs at some LGAs but not the ability to chip garden organics down to a smaller the majority and the existing and proposed facilities size for composting, stockpile management and the could cater for this additional demand. ability to functionally dispose of or sell the end material. The City of Ballarat has commenced an organics It may be warranted for relevant stakeholders in the garden waste kerbside collection service from July Region to continue to examine potential agricultural 2016. Reprocessing of the collections will be managed sources for organics reprocessing such as wheat locally, at the proposed Mt Wallace composting facility protein, stubble and any other suitable by-products. located within Moorabool Shire Council. This and other prospective facilities may progress the region to having ample capacity and strengthen respective local and regional markets.
35 Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Victorian Organics Resource Recovery Strategy
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TABLE 13. REPROCESSING OR RECYCLING FACILITIES OTHER MATERIALS BUSINESS NAME PRIMARY FACILITY TYPE LGA REPROCESSED
Dunolly Second-hand Timber Yard Organics Wood Timber Central Goldfields Shire Council Ballarat Concrete Recycling Aggregates, Masonry & Soil Ballarat Regional Industries Paper / Cardboard Organics Wood Timber Ballarat Scrap Metal Recyclers Metals Berrybank Farm (CIFE) Organics Other Castlegate James Organics Food Chris Bev Pty Ltd Aggregates, Masonry & Soil Aggregates, Masonry & Soil, City of Ballarat Garden Recycling Centre Organics Garden Mixed Recyclables Kings Marine Stores Metals Beverage Containers Organics Wood Timber, KKC Pty Ltd Aggregates, Masonry & Soil Metals, Plastics Onesteel Recycling Metals Paper Freight Australia Paper / Cardboard Plastics, Glass Repeat Plastics Australia Plastics Paper / Cardboard Western Gypsum Aggregates, Masonry and Soil Golden Plains Shire Council Davo's Worm Farm Organics Garden Hepburn Shire Council Axis Worx E-waste Plastics Manhari Metals Metals Horsham Rural City Council WestonVic Waste Aggregates, Masonry & Soil Organics Wood Timber / Other; Metals; Paper / Calleja Transport Organics Garden Moorabool Shire Council Cardboards; Aggregates, Masonry and Soil Grampians Recycling Paper / Cardboard Northern Grampians Shire Council Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Plant Organics Wood Timber Pyrenees Shire Council Disclaimer: Every effort was made to identify all reprocessors, but this does not guarantee that all were identified.
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4.2.4.2 PLASTICS Plasback, the voluntary product stewardship program There are at least five reprocessing facilities in the for the flexible plastic industry, has estimated that less region which manage plastics. These facilities than 200 tonnes of this material has been recycled in managed around 2,000 tonnes of plastics in 2013/2014. Victoria each year since 2008. This is largely due to a The majority (approximately 90%) of plastics are decline in market price of 70%, making it uneconomic to managed by two reprocessors in the region and both of collect. these are based in Ballarat being Repeat Plastics This waste stream represents an opportunity in the Australia and KKC Pty Ltd. region for potential resource recovery and further Note that there are differing types of plastics and investigation into opportunities to recover this material reprocessors may focus on managing only one or a few stream at a local and regional level is required. different forms or resin types. Reprocessor survey Future Needs and Opportunities reports (Sustainability Victoria 2015c) indicate the types There are opportunities to grow processing capacity of plastics reprocessed in the region include timber and the range of plastics recycled where there are local replacement products, mixed plastic packaging and markets. Many of the existing plastics reprocessors in high density polyethylene. the region have been successful because of their Recent consultation sessions with Councils and the market niche. There are opportunities to grow the waste industry has identified a potential issue with sector by targeting specific types of plastics (utilised by flexible plastics used in agricultural enterprises across industry in the region), including problematic plastics the region. Flexible plastics is an issue and priority such as silage wrap, baling twine, irrigation pipe, material identified in the Victorian Market Development mattress foam, and other hard plastics and plastic films, Strategy36. particularly from the C&I and agricultural sectors. The “There is no specific data on the generation or recovery larger agricultural region provides an opportunity to of flexible plastics. However, the volume disposed of to investigate further resource recovery solutions which landfill in Victoria annually, is thought to be in the range may include the feasibility examination of a reprocessor of 74,000 – 108,000 tonnes in 2011/2012” if feedstock can be secured. Grampians Central West is one of the largest agricultural regions in Victoria. A large volume of 4.2.4.3 PAPER AND CARDBOARD flexible plastic is used, including silage wrap, grain There are at least six reprocessing facilities managing bags, bunker liners and twine, just to name a few. paper and cardboard. These facilities managed However, while the usage of these products in approximately 12,000 tonnes in 2013/201437. Well over agriculture is well known, there is little or no data on the half of all paper and cardboard managed is by two disposal of these plastics in the region. It is possible processors; with the four smaller specialised paper and that farmers may be disposing of flexible plastic cardboard reprocessors managing the remainder. products on their own property. Future Needs and Opportunities There are instances of Councils considering or even accepting material from farms, but were unable to There may be opportunities to increase the volume of identify an end market. A number of community paper and cardboard recovered and reprocessed as organisations and private operators have also collected only 8% of the material is recovered and managed in and baled flexible plastics, but sound end markets have the region and this is a higher value commodity. not been established.
Community Resource Recovery and drumMUSTER Campaign
Approximately 21,000 agricultural chemical drums have been collected per annum at various receival locations across the Hindmarsh Shire Council. Community and not for profit organisations have erected multiple receival points, collecting over 18,500 drums each year and claiming a financial benefit for each drum. The Shire’s transfer stations provide an alternative collection point and collected almost 2,500 containers over the last twelve months.
Cardboard is collected and transported from Nhill and Rainbow to the Dimboola Lions Club depot for packaging. The Jeparit
Angling Club packages cardboard at Jeparit for recycling. Hindmarsh Shire Council subsidise these organisations for transportation costs from their facility to the recycling facility. Local sporting and service clubs also collect newspapers for recycling.
Source: Hindmarsh Shire Council
36 Sustainability Victoria, 2016 Victorian Market Development 37 Sustainability Victoria/SRU, 2015 Survey and analysis of Strategy regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report
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4.2.4.4 AGGREGATES, MASONRY AND SOIL 4.2.4.6 GLASS Around 17,500 tonnes of aggregate materials were There is currently no glass reprocessing in the region. managed in the region in 2013/201438 by five There is only one reprocessor of glass, Paper Freight reprocessors. There is adequate processing and Australia (based in Ballarat), who primarily reprocess resource recovery capacity in the region to manage paper and cardboard and undertake a small glass projected amounts of aggregates, masonry and soil, reprocessing activity which manages around 10 tonnes which are mainly recycled or managed through non- of glass waste per year. landfill means. Whilst there have been some previous efforts to provide Future Needs and Opportunities a facility to deal with crushed glass to be used as part of There is an opportunity to further investigate market the mix in pavement or road base, to date none have opportunities for VicRoads certified recycled products come to fruition. like road base from crushed concrete to be utilised as Future Needs and Opportunities well as for use on farm tracks and trails. The cost versus benefit of smaller scale glass crushing Recent closure of concrete reprocessors in Stawell needs to be evaluated, as there may be opportunities (Stawell Concrete Repository) and Ballarat (David for viable products to use this material as in road base Eldridge Pty Ltd) has occurred generally due to lack of and pipe bedding. viability and/or business direction changes. Further investigations of local reprocessing options for While there is sufficient existing capacity to manage glass are required in the longer term. aggregates, masonry and soil in the long term, the current low rate of recovery suggests that there are opportunities to significantly increase recovery. Some 4.2.4.7 RUBBER (TYRES) of this material is currently stockpiled at transfer stations There is no regional reprocessing of rubber (tyres). or is deposited direct to landfill. In order to achieve Councils source collection and processing services with further recovery, there is an opportunity to establish tyre reprocessors in the metropolitan Melbourne region. residual waste treatment and recovery prior to landfill. Recycled tyre rubber can be used to manufacture new Infrastructure that could be used includes mobile products or as an alternative fuel for the cement and crushing equipment (to process stockpiled material at paper manufacturing industries. However, with the cost sites across the region) and infrastructure to sort C&D of transporting tyres from regional or remote locations waste (e.g. at a ‘dirty’ MRF in a treatment and recovery to reprocessing facilities, many end up in stockpiles. precinct). Stockpiled tyres are a considerable fire risk and provide This could potentially form part of a treatment precinct, a breeding ground for vermin and mosquitoes that for example incorporating a dirty MRF with the harbor viruses such as dengue fever. proposed Ballarat energy from waste facility. Further New and innovative ways to increase the recovery and investigation of the feasibility of this would need to be recycling of tyres from landfill and stockpiles is undertaken. continually occurring due to the significant volume. These include portable manufacturing plant capable of 4.2.4.5 E-WASTE processing end-of-life tyres at their location before transporting the tyre chip back to a main location for There is only one E-waste reprocessor known to reprocessing into powders and granules for new operate in the region, Axis Worx, based in Horsham, products. While there are mobile shredders available who operate as a social enterprise. In 2013/2014 they on the commercial market, these machines reduce 39 managed around 200 tonnes of E-waste . Axis Worx tyres in size by tearing them apart with force and, as a are keen to manage and reprocess more E-waste from result, the output is only suitable for landfill. the region. Within the Northern Grampians Shire Council area, the Future Needs and Opportunities Used Tyre Recycling Corporation (UTRC) are As previously outlined, the Victorian Government has responsible for a site with an estimated stockpile of committed to banning E-waste from landfill ban, which anywhere from ½ to 10 million tyres. An economic, would increase the need for sorting and processing social, environment and technical analysis of solutions and infrastructure. There is a need to mechanisms to tackle the stockpile across four streams: encourage Axis Worx initially, as the sole E-waste shredding to landfill, licenced containment, mechanical reprocessor to ensure future viability and the capacity to treatment and, thermal treatment, was completed. service and retain an E-waste solution in the region. Shredding to landfill and mechanical treatment (crumb rubber) came out the best, respectively and the Council is investigating options.
38 Sustainability Victoria/SRU, 2015 Survey and analysis of 39 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Regional Report Group Regional Report
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UTRC is working with Grampians Country Fire Authority Continue to foster partnerships to undertake research and the Northern Grampians Shire Council to establish and investigate improved methods to recover and appropriate fire breaks and has completed an reprocess textiles including collective procurement Emergency Management Plan in accordance with the opportunities (mattresses). This material resource EPA notices. activity should also explore the potential for social UTRC are required to expand their facility to operate enterprise employment opportunities as the operational their tyre reprocessing and are currently sourcing aspect may be aligned to this manual process. additional applications, permits and re-vegetation 4.2.5 ENERGY FROM WASTE requirements. The region has been innovative over the years in Future Needs and Opportunities relation to Energy from Waste (EfW). A number of Continue to investigate improved methods to recover projects of varying scale (outlined below) demonstrate and reprocess rubber (tyres) regionally including the investigations and resultant solutions that have collective procurement opportunities. proved beneficial to operators and communities. With further investigation, and if a processing facility There have been a number of investigations on the develops at the UTRC site, it could be well positioned to feasibility of establishing an EfW facility in the Ballarat be able to receive feedstock from our region and area, including in the Ballarat West Employment Zone. beyond, to become a regional tyre reprocessing facility. Investigations to date include a facility that would accept MSW, C&I and C&D residual waste streams and
recover materials (e.g. through establishment of a ‘dirty’ 4.2.4.8 METALS MRF) and produce energy, including electricity. The City Around 18,000 tonnes of metals were managed in of Ballarat has done extensive investigative work, 2013/201440 by a few minor entities that aggregate including establishing a memorandum of understanding metal materials, with the vast majority managed by one with an offtake partner to receive one of the end reprocessor. Metals is one of the materials with a products – electricity, and identifying a designated site higher percentage recovered and indicates reasonable immediately adjacent to the proposed transfer station to recovery activities occur compared to state averages. provide for synergy between these two uses. The City Future Needs and Opportunities envisages private sector investment and continues to explore partnerships with potential parties with the aim Continue to investigate improved methods to recover of developing a facility in the 5+ year timeframe. metals including scrap metal procurement opportunities. Should this facility be established, it will have It is acknowledged that metals may be one of the implications on the broader infrastructure managed by commodities that is most volatile when it comes to Council, in particular the Smythesdale landfill site. financial markets and pricing and as such it needs to be Future Needs and Opportunities flexible and adaptable to the trends of reprocessing in good times and stockpiling in poorer financial periods. There is a need to continue to investigate the range of EfW technologies, determine local and regional solutions if practicable and embrace them where viable, 4.2.4.9 TEXTILES especially considering the availability of broader scale There is no reprocessing of textiles within the region. agricultural waste and resources. This may require the Within the region manufacturers, post-industry and development of feasibility studies and to acquire data of retail textiles are mainly recycled via charities although industrial / agricultural waste generation and energy some, such as faulty rolls and imperfect productions needs (for commercial biogas or other local energy (exact quantities are not known), go directly to landfill. solutions). Further work needs to occur to identify resource A number of Councils are supportive of EfW recovery opportunities and volumes. investigations with improved sorting and feedstock Mattresses and their textiles materials are generally production and the Group should continue to work with transported outside the region for reprocessing. respective Councils. For example, the Pyrenees Shire Council Waste Management Plan recommends that the The City of Ballarat is currently working with SV to Council promote the introduction of regional solutions establish a recycling and research facility to manage with the Group, including the reintroduction of regional mattresses and other difficult to dispose of items, such garden waste shredding, soil conditioner production and as soft furnishings. The City is looking to do this in use, and investigation into EfW Systems. partnership with Ballarat Regional Industries (BRI), and to deliver a further employment opportunity for people with disabilities. Three regional case studies of Energy from Waste are Future Needs and Opportunities outlined on the next page. There may be opportunities for niche facilities reprocessing materials such as textiles, although the feedstock availability and feasibility of such facilities is uncertain with manufacturing decline.
40 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015, Survey and analysis of - Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operations Group Regional Report
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Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Project Kaniva Biodiesel Project
Like most small rural hospitals, Beaufort is facing the Kaniva farmer Steve Hobbs' has developed a biodiesel challenge of rising costs and shrinking budgets. The plant that uses a small-scale gasification plant and the
hospital currently uses LPG for heating and hot water processing of waste through pyrolysis. It works by and this fuel currently costs the organisation around turning beans and legumes into diesel to run machinery $60,000 per year. The Central Highlands Agribusiness Forum (CHAF) and the Pyrenees Shire Council What began as simply a process to produce renewable identified the hospital as an ideal demonstration site for fuel has now become something more. He says that bioenergy. The Regional Bioenergy Project was developed out of this recognition. “Agriculture is facing its biggest challenge in history - to produce as much food in the next A heating study of the hospital was commissioned and 50 years as has been produced in all of
boiler specification developed. Tenders were then history. Increased climate variability aside, sought to provide a biomass boiler system to heat the for food to remain cheap agriculture has to hospital based on these specifications. In July 2013 a source the energy to grow food from affordable sources. People don’t stop to New Zealand company, Living Energy, was appointed to carry out the boiler installation. The new boiler is a think that everything we grow on the farm is 110 kW Hargassner boiler manufactured in Austria. It’s a source of energy, we just have to work out housed in a modified shipping container which is both how to use that energy more effectively. The boiler house and fuel store. crops we grow are effectively break crops that would not be used for food. At the same
The containerised system allowed the installation to time, I am producing a high quality feed for proceed quickly with minimal impact on hospital my sheep and reducing the financial risk operations. It also gives the flexibility of being associated with growing higher risk crops such as legumes.” relocatable should the need arise. Fuel for the boiler is supplied from the Pyrenees Timber sawmill at nearby Chute. The installation is complete and viewing Source: Bioenergy and Agriculture Case Study Series windows allow the public to see it in operation. 1.3, Victorian Government
IPWEA 2015 Finalist Excellence award and 2016 LGPro Winner Excellence award
Source: Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Project Investment Case Study, Sustainability Victoria
Berrybank Farm, Windermere
Project: Waste management system consisting of an anaerobic digester that turns piggery effluent (waste) into biogas to generate electricity energy, potting mix and an odourless organic fertiliser and the nutrient-rich water is recycled for irrigation purposes.
Objectives: To minimise waste and convert effluent into energy and fertiliser. To alleviate pollution concerns and provide savings and steady returns to the company.
Status: Operating since 1989.
Outcomes: Energy and water savings, revenue diversification and positive community amenity.
Challenges: Large-scale, innovative project using knowledge and machinery not readily available in Australia at the time.
Next Steps: Look for more opportunities to maximise energy use such as a cooling system for the piggery.
Source: Berrybank Farm Investment Case Study, Sustainability Victoria
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4.2.6 ASBESTOS 4.3 LANDFILL INFRASTRUCTURE Asbestos is a Prescribed Industrial Waste (PIW); a Landfills are an important part of the region’s current category of waste that is out of scope for this plan. waste management infrastructure for disposal of However, given that asbestos is a waste that is relevant materials produced by society that are unable to be to so many across the region, a short analysis of its recovered. While disposal of materials to landfill is the current status has been included. Managing asbestos least preferred option for waste management and safely is a major regional and statewide priority. resource recovery is recommended, landfills will Asbestos is a silicate mineral made up of tiny fibres that continue to be required to manage those wastes that form a dust when disturbed. Asbestos fibres breathed cannot practically be removed from the waste stream. into the lungs can cause a range of health problems Landfills can pose significant risks to the environment, including lung cancer and mesothelioma. Asbestos human health and local community amenity if they are was previously used extensively in building products in not well sited, constructed, managed and rehabilitated Australia. All use, import or manufacture of asbestos after the landfill closes. The sources and levels of risk was banned completely in Australia by 2003. The posed by landfills change with the age, phase of the landfills accepting asbestos are noted in Table 24 in the landfill lifecycle, its siting, construction standards, the Infrastructure Schedule (Section 6.3), with Dooen, types of waste accepted and the management controls Smythesdale and Statewide Regional accepting small in place. Good management requires landfill risks to be quantities of domestic asbestos and accepting identified, assessed and managed in a timely and cost commercial quantities. effective manner during both its open and closed Future Needs and Opportunities phases. The disposal locations for domestic asbestos are in This plan seeks to reduce reliance on landfill, with the reasonable vicinity to three key regional centres, but for recovery of organics being one element. A reduction in many people located in rural areas, disposal sites are the amount of organic material going to landfill has a often more than 100km away. This contributes to direct influence on the impact by reducing methane inappropriate disposal, such as illegal dumping and generation and leachate. concealment of asbestos materials in domestic waste, Older active or closed landfills can pose risks; a legacy and therefore the risk to the community, and to landfill of being sited and built to the standards that were or transfer station staff, as well as a cost to Councils. accepted as good practice at that time, but were less Accepting asbestos-bearing material through stringent than the standards applied since 2010. Thus appropriate infrastructure at transfer stations and recent work has focused on improving the infrastructure subsequent transfer to a licensed landfill for disposal is located at existing landfills: retro-fitting monitoring a mechanism to address these problems. The structures and constructing new landfill cells to industry Domestic Asbestos Working Party41 developed the best practise standards. Whilst more resource intensive 2011 Managing domestic non-friable asbestos at and regulated, this ensures landfills are developed and resource recovery centres guidelines for facilities managed to protect human health, public amenity and receiving non-friable asbestos from domestic sources. the environment. The Group supports this guideline and compliance with Figure 12 shows the approximate locations of each of relevant regulations to underpin the greater availability the licensed landfills as well as the Councils which use of responsible and accessible disposal options at them. Generally, the three licensed putrescible landfills transfer stations, education and training, as well as act as regional landfills for neighbouring Councils. Councils obtaining appropriate insurance coverage. Moorabool Shire Council and Golden Plains Shire Councils have specific responsibilities in emergencies, Council send some of their putrescible waste to the such as bushfires, that are outlined in municipal Metropolitan region. emergency management plans. They should have a Refer to Part 6.3 and Table 24 in the Infrastructure public health emergency management sub-plan that Schedule for all landfill information. outlines specific public health issues that could arise in their area and how to manage them.
41 Prepared on behalf of the former Association of Victorian Municipal Association of Victoria, Gippsland Asbestos Related Regional Waste Management Groups, and with representation Diseases Support Incorporated and the Gippsland Trades and from EPA, WorkSafe Victoria, SV, Department of Health, Labour Council
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FIGURE 12. LANDFILLS USED BY EACH COUNCIL
The four main licensed landfills and 12 landfills exempt The data on the volumes of waste managed at the from licensing in the region, (Table 14, Part 6.3 and smaller unlicensed landfills is varied and sometimes not Appendix 7B), take varying amounts of residual waste available, especially at smaller remote/rural landfills. and consequently play different roles in the region. However, the tonnages accepted at these are likely to Landfills serving more than 5,000 people are required to be very small. This small volume should be considered hold a licence from EPA to operate. Landfills serving when determining their viability and future options. smaller populations (<5000), are exempt from licensing, Current airspace, throughput and characteristics for however are required to meet all relevant guidelines each of the landfills in the region has been analysed. A and conditions. number of scenarios were modelled to examine the It should be noted that the landfill levy is classified in to different impacts on landfill airspace requirements over two categories, Metropolitan/Provincial and Rural. In the the 10-year life of the plan. Table 15 outlines the region, four Councils are located within 100km of modelled scenarios and outcomes identified. Melbourne. Two Councils are categorised as ‘Metropolitan/Provincial’, - the City of Ballarat and Golden Plains Shire Council. Hepburn and Moorabool Shire Councils are categorised as ‘Rural’ attracting lower levies.42
42 EPA Victoria June 2015, Calculating the Landfill Levy and Recycling Rebates Publication 332.6
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TABLE 14. OPERATING LANDFILLS IN 2015/2016 AVAILABLE ESTIMATED ANNUAL TONNAGES LANDFILL NAME FACILITY OWNER SPACE REMAINING MANAGED (2013/14) (YEARS) CAPACITY (m3) ARARAT RURAL CITY COUNCIL Elmhurst Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 3 Minimal Centre and Landfill Lake Bolac Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 2 Minimal Centre and Landfill Moyston Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 0 0 Centre and Landfill Pomonal Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 3 Minimal Centre and Landfill Streatham Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 3 Minimal Centre and Landfill Tatyoon Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 3 Minimal Centre and Landfill Willaura Resource Recovery Ararat Rural City Council N/A 2 Minimal Centre and Landfill GOLDEN PLAINS SHIRE COUNCIL Smythesdale Landfill City of Ballarat 62,000 20 225,000 HORSHAM RURAL CITY COUNCIL Dooen Landfill Horsham Rural City Council 27,000 30 1,015,100 MOORABOOL SHIRE COUNCIL Maddingley Brown Coal Pty Maddingley Brown Coal 440,000 19 ~9,000,000 Ltd NORTHERN GRAMPIANS SHIRE COUNCIL Statewide Waste Regional Landfill Statewide Waste Pty Ltd 31,000 28 693,000 St Arnaud Transfer Station and Northern Grampians Shire N/A 2 N/A Landfill Council YARRIAMBIACK SHIRE COUNCIL Patchewollock Landfill and Yarriambiack Shire Council N/A 10 N/A Resource Recovery Centre Speed/Tempy Landfill and Yarriambiack Shire Council N/A 10 N/A Resource Recovery Centre Warracknabeal Landfill and Yarriambiack Shire Council N/A 10 N/A Resource Recovery Centre Yaapeet Landfill and Resource Yarriambiack Shire Council N/A 10 N/A Recovery Centre Source: Sustainability Victoria 2015, Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database (RWRRD) v3, Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment and direct information from Landfill Duty Holders.
TABLE 15. SCENARIOS MODELLED FOR LANDFILL PROJECTIONS
SCENARIOS OUTCOMES
‘Business as Usual’ (BAU) using existing per capita 1 The model is used as a baseline generation and recovery rates The impact of a new landfill or closure of a site would impact Availability of regional landfill capacity changes, only in the long term by extension of the life of the region’s including early completion of existing landfills, 2 landfills each by approximately one – two years and a development of additional capacity and/or new private reduction in the life of the region’s smaller landfills by four – landfills, etc. five years respectively No impact in the short term City of Ballarat’s proposed EfW development comes to 3 May extend the life of the nearest landfill, Smythesdale, by fruition approximately two to three years May extend the life: Smythesdale landfill by approximately two years 4 Diversion of garden and food organics Statewide Regional Waste Facility by one year No impact on Dooen or Maddingley Brown Coal lifespan
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Any relevant scenario modelled is expected to have a Future Needs and Opportunities minor effect by extending or diminishing the life of any With a risk approach, evidence-base, and a viability respective landfill for one to five years. Thus, with the framework, the Group will work with respective Councils estimated lifespan of all landfills in the region having the to continue to investigate the feasibility of rationalising capacity to operate well beyond 2030 there is adequate small unlicensed landfills and replacing them with airspace to cater for the region’s needs and there is no adequate resource recovery facilities or reasonable need for additional landfill airspace for at least the access to these facilities (often in rural areas). next ten years43. The Group’s landfill position in this Regional Some minor amounts of residual waste generated in the Implementation Plan is: region are managed outside the region. This includes a portion from the Moorabool and Golden Plains Shire The Grampians Central West Waste and Councils being deposited in landfills located in the Resource Recovery Group does not metropolitan region. These landfills external to the consider that there is a demonstrated region have ample capacity to service this need and need for additional landfill airspace should be included in respective regional based on the airspace data analysis implementation plans. conducted in 2015/2016; and does not intend to proceed with expressions of For reference, the region has considered the potential interest for landfill in this point in time. to utilise landfill airspace available in surrounding This matter is to be reviewed within three regions and has concluded that, in any scenario, there to five years. No other Regional Waste is no reliance on that airspace and there is ample and Resource Recovery Group has capacity in surrounding regions to cater for this and any advised Grampians Central West of the derived need. need for landfill in this region. It should be noted that none of the modelled scenarios take into account the impact of natural disasters. Major bushfires, floods and other natural disasters have been Maddingley Brown Coal Landfill experienced in recent years across Victoria and the Maddingley Brown Coal’s landfill in Bacchus Marsh state is likely to experience similar events in future, receives a significant amount of its waste (largely inert potentially with increased recurrence due to changing waste) from the metropolitan region. This facility is the climatic conditions. These events can generate the only landfill in the state permitted to receive shredder equivalent of as much as 15 years’ waste in a single floc from the car and whitegoods recovery industries, event. If this waste is landfilled, it may significantly which is why it is important to the statewide waste inhibit remaining airspace availability and impact on network and a hub of state significance. regional planning scenarios. This landfill provides a significant service to the At present, these events are not a regular occurrence, metropolitan area, however it still has an important role the risk is deemed low to medium and would not have in servicing the region. Section 3.2 outlined both the any significant long term implications on the region’s waste managed in the region (including the significant airspace and landfill needs. However, due to climate flows to this landfill) as well as separately change44, these occurrences have the potential to demonstrating the mechanisms for managing the waste increase, and the Group will continue work with generated in the region. Maddingley Brown Coal is Councils to test the impacts and plan for the future. important for the region and the state, and will continue It is acknowledged that all licenced landfills will, as to play a pivotal role in landfill with its extensive long demand is required, continue to plan and apply for term air-space capacity. further cell development on their existing planning approved sites. This typically takes approximately 18 - Smythesdale Landfill Site 24 months, in advance of the cell being required. Each The Smythesdale landfill is a key piece of regional cell requires EPA works approval. It is estimated that waste infrastructure and is a regional hub. It currently additional cells are required every two years at some manages residual MSW waste from the City of Ballarat regional landfills. through kerbside collection, street sweeping and street Landfill airspace availability and progress of works bins, along with a significant portion of commercial approvals will be monitored regularly and reviewed waste. This facility also manages residual waste from a every three to five years to ensure that planning, number of neighbouring LGAs. consultation and development requirements for any new The City of Ballarat has significant commitments to required landfill airspace is undertaken in a sufficient infrastructure maintenance and upgrades over the timeframe. ensuing 10-year period including: A number of Councils and industries currently rely on Cell construction on a yearly basis to the nearest accessible landfill for their MSW and accommodate 65,000 tonnes per year; residual waste needs. A risk exists, that if a closure was to occur, then these Councils and industries would be Video surveillance at receivable gate for quality required to transport their waste a further distance to the control of received waste; next available landfill, potentially incurring greater cost. Expanded leachate receivable and treatment facility;
43 Blue Environment 2016, Grampians Central West 44 Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment. November 2015, Climate-Ready Victoria Grampians Factsheet http://www.climatechange.vic.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/00 10/320887/Grampians.pdf
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New wetland facility to treat stormwater exiting the Closed Landfill Sites site; There are 105 closed landfills in this region all with Perimeter security fencing; and varying ages, history and rehabilitation status. It is important that closed landfills are identified and any Progressive rehabilitation of cells as they are filled. potential impacts to the community, public health and the environment are managed and reduced. The Statewide Waste Regional Landfill Site potential of adverse impacts depends on a range This privately run landfill near Stawell, and regional hub, factors including the size, types of waste accepted, is licenced to accept commercial loads of waste geology and natural features of the site, and how the including putrescible MSW, general residual waste from landfill was constructed and rehabilitated on closure. the C&I sector, asbestos and category C soil. Other The requirements for the rehabilitation depends on the waste types may be able to be accepted subject to risk of adverse impacts. approval. This landfill, due to its central location within Smaller landfills typically pose significantly lower risks the region and being accessible to the Barwon South and therefore rehabilitation, monitoring and West region, may be attractive to some operators and maintenance are less stringent than for larger landfills. industries to transport their residual waste to this facility. With the trend towards larger landfills the rehabilitation requirements have changed in recent years, with current operational landfills needing to undergo meet Dooen Landfill Site more stringent guidelines when being rehabilitated. The Dooen Landfill is operated by Horsham Rural City The responsibility for the management and Council and is the only major landfill in the far west of rehabilitation of closed landfill sites lies with the entity the region servicing a number of small communities known as the ‘duty holder” of the site. In most situations across a large area. As a regional hub it receives this is the current landholder. The EPA manages and waste from the Shires of Hindmarsh, West Wimmera regulates this process. Further information on landfill and Yarriambiack. requirements, from planning through to rehabilitation, Dooen Landfill is at the smallest end of the scale to can be found on the EPA’s website. Specific related which the rigorous requirements of the Best Practice documents include Best practice environmental Environmental Management (BPEM) guidelines apply. management – Siting, design, operation and This means that there is a reduced economy of scale to rehabilitation of landfills, and the Landfills Exempt from fund the higher standard of works required to meet the licencing 1999 and 2014 guidelines. guidelines, in particular when compared against much There is likely to be a number of landfills in the region larger landfills. The Council is about to undertake a that are closed but are not yet rehabilitated to required comprehensive risk assessment for the site, standards. Some Councils have indicated that they incorporating groundwater and air impacts. This risk have closed landfills which were suitably capped and assessment will lead to a better understanding of the remediated at that point in time, however may not have site and may substantiate the application of the lower documented EPA authorisation that it is ‘satisfactory BPEM standards for the site’s construction and and approved’. Obtaining this assurance is important operations. for Councils from a long term strategic, operational and They are also developing strategies to reduce the financial perspective. Some Councils also wish to volume of material disposed at Dooen Landfill to less continue to further rehabilitate sites by adding than 20,000 tonnes per year, which may also enable vegetation for amenity and environmental benefit. application of the lower BPEM standards. The Council In recognising that there may be some community has recently received enquiries about the potential to concern about these landfills and their environmental or dispose of waste at Dooen from outside the Grampians social impact, information, will be made available to the Central West Region. community during the consultation period and should be Should this disposal commence, it may be in conflict available from the duty holder at all times. with the objective of reducing the volumes received at As outlined in Priority Action 5, the Group proposes to the landfill, but may provide an improved economy of assist the rehabilitation process for these closed scale of operations at the site. Managing these landfills by facilitating work between duty holders conflicting priorities and maintaining viability presents a (mostly Councils) and the EPA to develop agreed risk- challenge to the Council, whilst intending to ensure that based assessment processes for rehabilitation of the cost of future landfill development is a balanced closed landfills that take into account the local context. approach. If applicable to the respective site, this may adequately reduce environmental and human health risks of these landfills more efficiently than approaches that have Landfills Exempt from Licensing occurred in the past. Of the twelve operating landfills exempt from licencing, Introducing more locally-appropriate, risk-based plans are in place to close eight of these in the ensuing approaches may also reduce the cost of rehabilitation years, leaving only those in Yarriambiack Shire and therefore reduce the burden on local Councils while operating. These townships will be serviced by the still achieving good human health and environmental major regional landfills and ensuring the availability of outcomes. Many closed landfills are undergoing adequate resource recovery centres will be important rehabilitation and some have completed remediation. as these facilities close. The closed landfill sites in some instances
accommodate a RRC / TS. Some rehabilitated sites have reverted to uses such as freeways, open space and sports facilities or on land which has been sold.
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Private (Own Waste) Landfills These private landfills do not play a direct part in the There are a number of private (own waste) landfills in regional waste and resource recovery network. the region that can be categorised differently where However, it must be noted that these sites are subject they generate and deposit waste exclusively from a to change by way of the nature of corporate operations. single source (arising from their own onsite activities), This may mean that there is a risk that if these usually the owner/generator. They are not currently corporations close their respective landfilling activity on included in the scope of the State Infrastructure Plan their private site or desire to deposit additional waste and therefore do not fall under the scope of the materials, there may be a need to source an alternative Regional Implementation Plan. location for material disposal or upgrade approvals, licences and permits. The corporation concerned would The private (own waste) landfills are listed in Table 16, be required to undertake all necessary investigations which are required to operate under relevant EPA and will subsequently need to meet any EPA Licences/Works Approvals. The exception is for mining requirements associated with the proposed licence operations that solely deposit mining wastes in amendment and if required complete a works approval accordance with the relevant legislation (Extractive to the satisfaction of EPA. Industries Development Act 1995 and Mineral Resources (Sustainable Development) Act 1990) and There are also closed private (own waste) landfills hold management licences issued by the Department of licensed by EPA; some of these facilities are referenced Health. in Section 6.5. Private (own waste) landfills that are regulated by EPA will have a licence, which can be found through the EPA website or through the owners of the facility.
TABLE 16. PRIVATE (OWN WASTE) LANDFILLS IN THE REGION
SITE NAME LGA LOCALITY OWNER
Bamganie Landfill Golden Plains Shire Council Lethbridge All Vet Waste Pty Ltd Bunkers Hill City of Ballarat Bunkers Hill FMP Group (Australia) Pty Ltd Sago Hill Waste Facility Iluka Resources Horsham Rural City Council Kanagulk Iluka Resources Douglas Mine Site Selkirk Bricks City of Ballarat Scotchman’s Lead Selkirk Group of Companies
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4.4 WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY HUBS The concept of hubs and spokes strategic framework is The initial identification of a hub is the starting point to introduced in the State Infrastructure Plan whereby inform a discussion of its future; over the hubs are important locations where materials are implementation phase the future of hubs in the region managed, with supporting spokes that enable materials will be explored, including alignment with local planning to be transported for resource recovery. Together they schemes as appropriate. form a system that supports the aggregation of Recovery and reprocessing infrastructure follows a materials within a network for efficient resource model of local, regional and state hubs where: recovery and management of waste materials.
Service local, regional and state areas, receiving consolidated material streams and undertaking higher order State Hubs recovery, reprocessing or management Service both local and regional areas, receiving materials from surrounding local hubs. They are usually more Regional Hubs infrastructure-intensive, and are likely to include one or more facilities that sort, recover and possibly reprocess materials received Are the first point of recovery for the community, and include transfer stations, resource recovery centres and Local Hubs resale shops. Sorting and consolidation activities are likely to be incorporated at these facilities in future; for environmental and economic reasons, landfills are likely to be excluded Source: Sustainability Victoria 2015 Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015 – 44
As defined in the State Infrastructure Plan, ‘an ideal hub According to the State Infrastructure Plan45 the has appropriate buffers between the waste and Grampians Central West region has two existing hubs resource recovery facilities and incompatible uses to of state importance, Maddingley Brown Coal Landfill support the activities undertaken at that location. It has and Statewide Waste Regional Landfill. Hubs are well established feeder-spokes and good access to locations where materials are managed. transport networks. It is co-located or in close proximity The Grampians Central West region’s waste and to complementary activities that provide feedstocks or resource recovery state and regional hubs are listed in markets for the products and services, or share and Table 17. All remaining individual facilities would be utilise the same buffers. It is [economically] viable, considered local hubs have not specifically been minimises community, environment and public health identified in this table below. It would be anticipated impacts and contributes to the local and state that Council waste management plans would address economy.’ all local hubs in detail.
45 Sustainability Victoria 2015, Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015-44
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TABLE 17. WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY HUBS WASTE AND RESOURCE STATE / STRATEGIC ASSESSMENT inc. KEY DESCRIPTION OF HUB LOCATION RECOVERY HUB REGIONAL ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES Location: On the outskirts of Bacchus Strategically located on the edge of the Marsh (Moorabool Shire) utilising open space region and adjacent to the metropolitan and existing Brown Coal mine open cut site. region; Close proximity to metropolitan region and Long term airspace availability (future stage reasonable access to regional freeway 3 includes 4 million m3 of airspace); Maddingley Brown Coal Landfill: Operating solid inert S Future putrescible; Precinct Resource Recovery: Organics composting, Energy from waste composting EPA concrete and aggregate crushing, soil research; screening and mulch; Proximity to Bacchus Nearby Industrial Park; Marsh Transfer Station Impacts of truck movements; Buffers: Special Use Zone with 2 kilometre Proximity to Bacchus Marsh Transfer Station buffer distance for composting Location: Five kilometres south west of Long term airspace availability; Stawell (Northern Grampians Shire) utilising Central to the region; quarry site. Close proximity and reasonable Statewide Waste Regional Rubber (tyres shredded) landfill cell; R access to regional highway Landfill Consider pre-sort and recovery prior to Landfill: Operating Putrescible disposal; Resource Recovery: Nil Proximity to UTRC Buffers: Reasonable buffer distance Location: On edge or rural town Smythesdale and 20 kilometres south west of Long term airspace availability; Ballarat (Golden Plains Shire) Situated on Central to the growth area of the region; Smythesdale Landfill R Glenelg Highway Properties within buffer zone and proximity to Landfill: Operating Putrescible waterway Resource Recovery: Nil Buffers: Reasonable buffer distance Location: 15 kilometres north east of Horsham (Horsham Rural City Council) Long term airspace availability; Situated adjacent to Henty Highway Central to the Wimmera region; Dooen Landfill R Landfill: Operating Putrescible Transport cost challenges; Resource Recovery: Nil Clay for capping challenges. Buffers: Reasonable buffer distance Location: South western side of Ballarat located in Industrial area bounded by facilities such as Saleyards, Victoria Park Ballarat South Precinct and growth area (Ballarat Transfer Station, Located in industrial precincts, however Landfill: Nil Garden Recycling Centre, R urban growth projected for Ballarat South Resource Recovery: Transfer Station; Castlegate James, Chris West Growth Corridor Organics Garden, Organics Food, Waste; Bev Pty Ltd) Aggregates Masonry and Soil Buffers: Buffer distance relate to individual sites Location: Northern side of Ballarat located in Industrial areas adjacent to Western Freeway Located in industrial precincts and adjacent Wendouree Precinct Landfill: Nil to major freeway. (Onesteel, KKC, Paper R Resource Recovery: Metals; Paper / Some located adjacent to Ballarat West Freight Australia, Ballarat Cardboard, Aggregates, Masonry and Soil, Employment Zone. Regional Industries) Organics Wood / Timber, Area built out so no encroachment issues Buffers: Buffer distance relate to individual sites Location: South eastern side of Ballarat Landfill: Nil Repeat Plastics Australia R Resource Recovery: Plastics; Paper / Cardboard Buffers: Reasonable Horsham Location: South Western side of Horsham (Axis Worx, Horsham Landfill: Nil Located on major route through region Green Waste Processing, R Resource Recovery: Organics Garden, e- Located in Industrial precincts WestonVic Waste, waste, Aggregates Masonry and Soil Horsham TS) Buffers: Reasonable in industrial areas
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TABLE 17. WASTE AND RESOURCE RECOVERY HUBS continued WASTE AND RESOURCE STATE / STRATEGIC ASSESSMENT inc. KEY DESCRIPTION OF HUB LOCATION RECOVERY HUB REGIONAL ISSUES & OPPORTUNITIES Location: Northern side of Daylesford Daylesford Landfill: Nil R Co-location of sites (MRF, RRC and TS) Resource Recovery: MSW Buffers: Reasonable Location: Rural area of Golden Plains Shire on reasonable road network Landfill: Nil Western Gypsum R Rural area Resource Recovery: Aggregates Masonry and Soil Buffers: Reasonable Potential future precinct for Energy from Waste, Transfer Station and associated industries Location: Western side of Ballarat with State of the art new industrial, commercial Proposed Hub Ballarat access to major road and rail networks and R and employment precinct with associated West Employment Zone likely freight node Freight Hub and transport network Landfill: Nil Resource Recovery: Ability for a range of resource recovery industries Buffers: Planned and reasonable
4.5 FINANCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL The Implementation Plan’s priority actions, if implemented, will aid the region to position itself, for PERFORMANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE industry and Councils to apply for government funding Infrastructure, that is both strategic and enabling, when available and progress towards a more vibrant supports regional industries to innovate, build regional economy. resilience, and improve their adaptability to changing Environmental protection measures have in recent economic and environmental conditions. Investments years driven improvements in waste management and in infrastructure solutions that demonstrate significant resource recovery infrastructure. The cost of improved business and environmental sustainable outcomes in landfill engineering and management practices has regional and rural areas are critical in providing a resulted in a trend of rationalisation of landfills, with competitive environment, where existing and emerging establishment of larger regional landfills, closure of industries can operate. small landfills and replacement with transfer stations. At the same time, they help lift industry standards and This trend is expected to continue at least over the next create or enhance the conditions for the Region’s ten years in the region, and include pressure to growth. discontinue using landfills exempt from licensing. Strategic infrastructure delivers innovative solutions to The industry trend is towards establishing advanced infrastructure constraints that have multiple waste treatment and resource recovery technologies as beneficiaries and the potential to enable existing an alternative to landfill disposal. This includes regional industries to expand. It also attracts new technologies such as gasification, pyrolysis, anaerobic investment into regional communities, improves market digestion and other technologies which recover access, creates new jobs and secures existing jobs. resources and generate energy from waste. The use of such technologies can reduce the greenhouse gas Investment in enabling infrastructure recognises that emissions arising from the landfilling of waste. The access to efficient and sustainable management of key technologies suited to MSW treatment require large resources is critical to the long-term viability and amounts of waste to justify the large capital outlay economic success of regional Victorian industries. The involved, generally requiring annual throughputs in Grampians Central West region must harness its key excess of 100,000 tonnes to warrant capital investment regional strengths to improve the productivity and of over $30 million for most systems. These liveability within the twelve LGAs. technologies are likely to be more feasible when There must be aspirations and a commitment to invest considered on a regional scale, where access to in major infrastructure projects and services to create or sufficient feedstock may allow economies of scale to be enhance the conditions for economic growth, and to achieved. build diversified and sustainable regional economies There are also some opportunities for development of within the Grampians Central West that are resilient to small-scale technologies targeted to particular waste change. streams with high calorific value and suitable for It is the desire of the Group and its stakeholders to condensed local populations (e.g. anaerobic digesters advance investment in waste and resource recovery treating wet organics, energy generation from infrastructure to foster innovation, job creation and combustion/gasification of dry organics). This is more improved liveability. The Implementation Plan feasible when dealing with C&I waste streams close to endeavours to lay a strong strategic foundation to guide the point of generation where there is on-site demand planning and ultimately work towards leveraging private for energy or other outputs. investment and help create jobs across the region.
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Beaufort Hospital is a good regional example of this, consumer and business demand for reprocessed where timber off-cuts are used to fuel a biomass boiler materials and low cost/revenue margins in the system to heat the hospital. resource recovery sector; The development of waste and resource recovery hubs access to local, national or international markets can establish precincts which minimise environmental and fluctuating commodity prices on an and community impacts, and facilitate investment in international market; local infrastructure. This development would need to be low re-manufacturing base in Australia; supported through local zoning and planning frameworks, as well as access to transport networks. transport costs and extensive distribution networks; Conversely, transporting materials over sometimes long cross government coordination to support sector distances (to regional and state hubs) can have investment; subsequent impacts on energy resources (mostly using investor and government awareness of non-renewable fossil fuels), road networks and opportunities; accompanying health, safety and environment risks. Where feasible, local solutions for reuse and investor access to accurate sector data and reprocessing can reduce the environmental footprint of information; waste management and resource recovery, and reduce financial assistance for new technologies or accompanying risks. relevant to the project scale; A study completed for the Department of the the community’s willingness to pay for Environment (DoE) 2009 explored the impact of waste recycling/resource recovery services; and and recycling on employment, indicating that for every 10,000 tonnes of waste landfilled 2.8 full-time market support for purchase of materials made equivalent (FTE) jobs were created; if the same amount from recycled materials. of waste was recycled, 9.2 FTE jobs were created. In addition to direct employment, indirect jobs are also The Group will work with Sustainability Victoria’s created as a result of the additional economic activity of Investment Facilitation Service to assist with the recycling. The DoE 2009 study cited US data indicating delivery of the Investment Facilitation Strategy as it indirect employment varied according to the type of relates to investment opportunities within the recycling undertaken; the largest employment Grampians Central West Region. The strategy46 multipliers were for (in descending order) plastics, provides a consistent and coordinated long-term aluminium, other metals, liquid paperboard, glass, wood approach to attract, inform and facilitate waste and and other paper. resource recovery investment by: However, while there are clear environmental benefits identifying and addressing key barriers to for increased resource recovery (such as resource investment in Victoria’s waste and resource efficiencies, reduced use of virgin materials, reduced recovery infrastructure to reduce risk and energy use and reduced greenhouse emissions, to increasing the likelihood of success name just a few), the economic feasibility of resource recovery facilities in regional areas can be more promoting the type of advanced infrastructure complex and subject to a combination of a number of identified in the State Infrastructure Plan that issues and barriers, including but not exclusive to: increases resource recovery to realise environmental, community and economic benefits capability and consistency of policy settings, regulatory requirements and procurement assisting the delivery of projects with improved practices; technologies to increase resource recovery and effectively manage Victoria’s waste flows land use planning and availability of sites that meet benchmarks for community amenity and identifying target investor groups and inbound environmental protection; investment markets that have the advanced technological, operational and financial expertise local approaches and risks in each LGA; needed to achieve our objectives the ability to attract sufficient material volumes and utilising existing government investment attraction quality to reach viable economies of scale; and facilitation services and networks to raise sourcing the large capital necessary for investment awareness of potential opportunities. in infrastructure and equipment; Many factors, as outlined in Table 18, influence the financial performance of infrastructure.
46 Sustainability Victoria Investment Facilitation Strategy and priorities/statewide-waste-planning/2015-2020- Service http://www.sustainability.vic.gov.au/our- priorities/investment-facilitation-framework
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TABLE 18. FINANCIAL FACTORS AFFECTING PERFORMANCE OF INFRASTRUCTURE INFRASTRUCTURE FACTOR CURRENT SITUATION NEEDS AND OPPORTUNITIES AFFECTED Low population density makes it harder to The region should investigate: achieve economies of scale. Few Council Economies of scale within the region owned facilities have sufficient throughput to justify investments to upgrade facilities, Consolidation / rationalisation Collection, RRCs, opportunities. Financial: install automated equipment or implement MRFs, Reprocessors Economies of Scale rehabilitation post closure management. Advances in materials handling and and Landfills. Competition with other facilities, particularly transport efficiencies those in metropolitan Melbourne, which have automated systems, handle bulk volumes of multiple material streams. Financial: RRCs, MRFs, Recent changes in regulation such as Landfill Regulation Reprocessors and Best Practice Environmental Management Landfills. (BPEM) and stricter licence conditions have had a significant impact on the cost of waste In undertaking land use planning, it is and resource recovery: important consideration is given to Increased operational and maintaining separation distances and compliance costs: The breakeven cost compatible land uses to avoid site of landfill has risen significantly due to closure and restrictions to operations, higher landfill design and post closure and the need for significant facility management standards, increased upgrades. landfill levies and higher standards for The increasing costs of landfill the siting and operation of composting construction and operational facilities, and compliance with best requirements is a potential opportunity practice guidelines for RRCs. Further that may favour local and regional cost pressure may come from potential resource recovery solutions material landfill bans (for example: E- waste) or the requirement for pre- sorting. The EPA has recently released updated Gap in financial assurance: The funds guidelines for the calculation of financial set aside by Councils to address the assurance for landfill operators, which increasing compliance expenses and to will, if implemented fully, ensure that cover the cost of remediation, landfill operators are making suitable rehabilitation and site post closure provisions for long-term rehabilitation management may be insufficient. and post closure management. Legacy issues: There may be a There is a need to ensure landfills are considerable delay between the newly progressively rehabilitated using a risk- introduced BPEM requirements and an based approach. overall reduction in environmental risk from landfill facilities. Products sold on include crushed concrete, There is a need to develop sustainable asphalt, bricks, packaging, glass, metal, and viable markets (e.g. for organics), steel, aluminium cans, paper and cardboard, rather than stockpiling material. and plastics (PE, HDPE and PET). Many of There is an opportunity to use compost these markets have contracted in recent and mulch as landfill rehabilitation and Financial: RRCs, MRFs and years. any future energy from waste facilities. Viable Markets Reprocessors. A significant barrier to the growth of the Pursue greater (kerbside and industry) organics waste industry has been the garden/food waste collection and absence of mature markets (for example, reprocessing. broadacre agricultural, viticulture, horticulture) and sustainable prices for Continue to investigate energy from products.47 waste opportunities. Councils are increasingly recognising the There is an opportunity to strategically Collection, RRCs, benefits of transferring financial, operational Financial: review the waste delivery model in the MRFs, Reprocessors and regulatory risk to the private sector by Waste Delivery Model region, as part of a wider plan to and Landfills. procuring waste services in line with strategic consolidate / privatise infrastructure. objectives.
47 Sustainability Victoria 2015, Victorian Organics Resource Recovery Strategy
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In summary, there are a number of other risks that This will promote consistent decision making by local effect the financial performance of the resource and state governments and ensure waste and resource recovery sector and its related infrastructure and recovery facilities and hubs are planned and protected includes, but is not exclusive to: accordingly so that they can meet the regions needs for Cost of transport and transport logistics; the long term. Sources of funding for infrastructure; The instances where infrastructure provision will interact with land use planning system are: Private industry interest and investment in resource recovery; Where the continued operation of existing infrastructure could become restricted by virtue of Trends towards larger resource recovery encroaching incompatible land uses; contractors resulting in difficulty in developing local markets / opportunities; Where it is proposed to intensify or enlarge existing infrastructure; Market and commodities prices and the overall dynamics / viability / and potential failure of one or Where there is a projected need for specific many of the material’s markets; infrastructure in a specific location; Waste service cost increases (for residents and Where there is a projected need for additional impact on Council contracts); infrastructure but the specific location is not known or is flexible; and Commercial operators undercutting Council operations; Where a planning scheme (or associated amendment) or other strategic planning document Stockpiles and their management; provide an opportunity for new waste and resource Infrastructure reaches capacity or asset failure; recovery infrastructure. For example, provision of industrial zoned land with good separation Capacity of facilities to match growth / expansion; distances to sensitive land uses. Capacity of facilities to expand and accept new The Victoria Planning Provisions (VPPs), upon which all resource recovery material streams; and Victorian planning schemes are based, require all Variation in community support for material involved in planning, including Councils, to consider a separation and waste initiatives. number of relevant statutory policies such as State Environment Protection Policies and Waste Community Attitudes Management Policies, and state government policies relating to, or impacting on, waste management and Local community attitudes to waste and resource resource recovery. recovery infrastructure are important in ensuring that sites have a social licence to operate. Inappropriate Clause 19.03-5 of the VPPs, which relates specifically to waste and resource recovery, identifies that it is an siting, inadequate environmental protection, poor site management or other social amenity issues can all objective of planning in Victoria to avoid, minimise and generate less waste to reduce damage to the result in community pressures on existing or proposed infrastructure, potentially impacting on the regional environment caused by waste, pollution, land degradation and unsustainable waste practices. This infrastructure network. clause states that planning decision-makers must The Group is working with landfill operators to find the consider any relevant regional waste management best ways to engage the local community in their plans, including this Implementation Plan once operation and ensure there are open lines of approved. communication between landfill operators and local Sound statutory planning would ensure that waste hubs communities to help improve acceptance of these sites. are protected by sufficient setbacks to residential areas, with structure planning designating and appropriate 4.6 LAND USE PLANNING AND THE zoning configuration to identify an appropriate separation distance from incompatible land uses, where TRANSPORT NETWORK possible. The circumstances of each location will need to be considered in articulating the most appropriate land use planning response. 4.6.1 LAND USE PLANNING Securing strategic sites for waste and resource The successful development and operation of resource recovery facilities by reserving them under regional recovery and waste facilities is highly dependent on planning schemes or respective methods may ensure being located in places which allow businesses to adequate land is available when and where it is needed operate viably, with long term certainty and in for development of waste and resource recovery compliance with regulations without unduly impacting activities. on local communities and the environment. This dependency is highly linked to land use and planning. The strategic plans across the region have some consideration for waste and resource infrastructure and It is critical that this Implementation Plan aligns with all associated planning, however, should over time and relevant planning policies, statutory planning controls when reviewed, be strengthened to ensure all the and strategic planning documents. principles and direction outlined in this Implementation Plan and other publications such as the Statewide Infrastructure Plan are embraced and included accordingly.
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TABLE 19. STRATEGIC IMPLICATIONS FOR NEW AND EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
COUNCIL CURRENT SITUATION CHALLENGES, NEEDS AND OPPORTUNITIES
Western Highway duplication Regional rail linkage Ararat Economic Strategy 2014 Renewable energy hub Ararat Rural City Council Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 Proximity to Ballarat Industrial development sites Strong manufacturing sector Central Goldfields Workforce Development Close proximity to Ballarat and Bendigo Central Goldfields Shire Strategy Established workforce Council Loddon Mallee Regional Growth Plan 2014 Steady population growth Major regional centre Major rail and road transport routes IBM Smarter Cities Report Significant industrial activity The Ballarat Strategy Planning for new industrial precincts and City of Ballarat Ballarat West Employment Zone employment zones Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 Population growth area Proximity to major cities of Melbourne and Geelong Population growth area Golden Plains Economic Development Strategy Populations generally based towards Geelong Golden Plains Shire Council Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 and Ballarat G21 Regional Growth Plan 2013 Comparative advantage in agricultural sector Strong tourism sector Hepburn Shire Council Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 Diverse population Proximity to Melbourne, Ballarat and Bendigo Hindmarsh Economic Development Strategy Strong agricultural sector Hindmarsh Shire Council Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan Road and rail transport infrastructure 2014 Decreasing and aging population Wimmera Development Association Regional hub Horsham Rural City Council Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan Strong agricultural sector 2014 Road and rail transport infrastructure Population growth area Growing Moorabool Strategy Populations generally based towards Moorabool Shire Council Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 Melbourne and Ballarat Comparative advantage in agricultural sector Strong agricultural sector Municipal Strategic Statement Northern Grampians Shire Strong tourism sector Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan Council Road and rail transport infrastructure 2014 Static population Strong agricultural sector Industrial land zone Pyrenees Shire Growth Strategy Pyrenees Shire Council Duplicated Western Highway Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan 2014 Rail infrastructure Decreasing and aging population West Wimmera Economic Development Strategy Strong agricultural sector West Wimmera Shire Council Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan Road and rail transport infrastructure 2014 Decreasing and aging population Yarriambiack Economic Development and Tourism Strong agricultural sector Strategy Yarriambiack Shire Council Road and rail transport infrastructure Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan 2014 Decreasing and aging population
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4.6.2 THE TRANSPORT NETWORK The Transport Integration Act 2010 creates a The hours of operations, vehicle noise, road grime framework for providing an integrated and sustainable (mud/dust), increased cost of road maintenance, and transport system that contributes to an inclusive, movement of trucks on local roads may be a concern to prosperous and environmentally responsible state. local residents and councils. Planning and the The road network across the region connects key introduction of controls can alleviate many of these regional cities and rural communities and includes a problems; such as upgrading roads, restricting major interstate route. Respective local road networks operating hours and speeds, careful location of access in the vicinity of waste and resource recovery facilities points, infrastructure to reduce mud and dust and traffic must be suitable to cope with current and future management. demand to and from relevant sites. Most facilities in the The Grampians Central West Transport Network is region have adequate access with limited or no focussed on road transport as the major mode of congestion but continual upgrade is required. transportation, but could be better connected to other Transport is described as a significant cost and transport methods both within and external to our challenge to reprocessors, as much of the material that region, including rail and ports. It is acknowledged that is processed in the region has to be transported large any alternative methods to reduce transport costs and distances. Economy of scale and distance to travel impacts, such as rail, would require significant capital may be a barrier to implementing cross-regional investment to set up the appropriate infrastructure and initiatives and programs, where the benefits are undone logistics. by the costs of transporting materials from small Transport costs are critical factors for the viability of populations across large distances. It also competes recovering a number of material streams and viably is against higher value products which command higher tested when transport costs (to the processor and to the freight pricing. end user) may exceed the cost of reprocessing or the With the continuous improvement and development of value of the products. Heavy organic material is new technologies, innovative opportunities may arise affected by transport costs. Lighter or bulky material, for greater co-operation between neighbouring LGAs such as mattresses and polystyrene, are also impacted and regions where specific technologies may require a by transport inefficiencies. larger population base or local micro solutions may be The distance to Melbourne from the far western end of established. Previous approaches have been focused the region means that transport costs are high and within Council areas; proposed cross-regional initiatives impact on the feasibility of sending materials to to consider the opportunities from transport efficiencies metropolitan markets or markets in other regions. to increase resource recovery are a new approach Similarly, from, the size and low density of the which may be more effective for all communities, but population in the far west of the state, and other areas will need to involve Councils and ensure that local further away from regional activity centres, makes it issues are appropriately considered. harder to get suitable economies of scale for the Due to safety concerns and public amenity the collection, sorting and reprocessing of many materials, management of traffic volumes in, around and between and makes it difficult to operate recycling facilities with a sufficient competitive scale and an environment with waste and resource recovery facilities must be 48 considered and implemented to the best practicable lower landfill levies. extent.
48 Sustainability Victoria/SRU 2015 Survey and analysis of – Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery regional re-processors and materials recovery facility operators Regional Report.
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Ballarat West Employment Zone (BWEZ) and Transport Planning
BWEZ is the region's engine room for jobs and economic growth over the next 20 years.
Stage 1 of BWEZ is being developed by the Victorian Government and the City of Ballarat supported by funding of $30.2 million. It includes: An initial release of up to 60.1 hectares of industrial land in flexible lot sizes to suit a range of business needs The construction of the main Boulevard entry road and internal roads within Stage 1 The provision of all services including, gas, electricity, water, sewer, data and telecommunications
The Stage 1 subdivision works commenced in November 2015 and are targeted for completion mid-2016. The first land sale in Stage 1 was completed in October 2015 with Broadbent Grain, purchasing a site of 10.7 hectares for the
construction of a $24 million export grain handling facility.
The Ballarat Link Road Stage 1A is complete and has opened. The precinct shall also comprise a Freight Hub with a 24-hectare land release supported by HPFV-ready roads and only 1 km to Western Freeway and access to rail, ports and airports The Freight Hub is zoned for: Freight and logistics, warehousing or wholesale Manufacturing – e.g. food and fibre, beverages, agricultural value-adding
The BWEZ Freight Hub is an excellent location for freight and logistics enterprises. They should be able to capitalise on exceptional access to road, broad gauge rail and aviation infrastructure, at a strategic location within the freight network linking Melbourne, regional and rural Victoria, Adelaide and the Ports of Melbourne, Geelong and Portland.
The Freight Hub will have customers on its doorstep and connectivity with the wider region supported by
Road, rail and intermodal transport operations, including truck parking, weighbridge and other public or
shared facilities
Freight handling, storage, deconsolidation and consolidation activities including containerisation of goods
Manufacturing activities producing significant quantities of outbound or inbound freight that could benefit from access to the Freight Hub.
Source: http://www.majorprojects.vic.gov.au/project/ballarat-west-employment-zone/ Major Projects Website – Victorian Government
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4.7 MARKET SOUNDING (REQUEST FOR INFORMATION) AND INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULING The Grampians Central West and Barwon South West Waste and Resource Recovery Groups undertook a regional Market Sounding (Request for Information), together with a resource recovery scheduling application and evaluation process, to inform the development of this plan (including the Infrastructure Schedule). In total, 21 proponents (organisations) made submissions, proposing infrastructure to include in the schedule, eight were deemed to be both suitable for inclusion and applicable to the Grampians Central West region. It is acknowledged that additional unidentified waste sector operators/providers may exist or have an interest in operating in the region but did not respond to the Market Sounding process. There will be an opportunity for this to be addressed by providing input through this consultation process for the Implementation Plan. Following a detailed evaluation process, seven proposals were recommended for inclusion in the Infrastructure Schedule plus one existing facility to be scheduled which are listed in Table 20a and also found in Section 6. There were two additional proposals listed in Table 20b for facilities to service the region, but as they were not located within the region they are not included in the Infrastructure Schedule. They are located in the adjacent Barwon South West region and their operations are for materials that are currently not readily reprocessed within the Grampians Central West region.
TABLE 20.A INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULING APPLICATION PROCESS
PROPONENTS LOCATION TYPE OF PROPOSALS DESCRIPTION PRODUCTS
Australian Renewable Energy Maryborough New infrastructure Energy from waste facility Energy Parks Existing Facility with Upgrade Transfer Station changed or expanding facilities to accommodate Multiple materials Ararat Rural City Council Ararat waste and/or resource further materials for including polystyrene recovery. resource recovery Existing Facility with Expansion of organics Calleja (Maddingley Brown changed or expanding Bacchus Marsh processing and C&D Organics, C&D Coal) waste and/or resource waste processing recovery. Central Goldfields Shire Land for potential energy Flagstaff New infrastructure Energy Council from waste facility Existing Facility with changed or expanding Processing of organics Golden Plains Shire Council Rokewood Organics Garden waste and/or resource on a closed landfill site recovery. Existing Facility with Horsham Transfer changed or expanding Horsham Rural City Council Upgrade Transfer Station N/A Station waste and/or resource recovery. Existing Facility with Northern Grampians Shire changed or expanding Landfill closure and St Arnaud N/A Council waste and/or resource transfer Station upgrade recovery. Carranballac / Existing facilities to be Pyrenees Shire Council Existing N/A Crowlands scheduled Source: Barwon South West and Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Market Sounding – Evaluation Report, Landell 2016
TABLE 20.B INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULING APPLICATION PROCESS: RECOMMENDED PROPOSALS TO SERVICE THE REGION
PROPONENTS LOCATION TYPE OF PROPOSALS DESCRIPTION PRODUCTS
Facility to treat tyres, mattresses, plastic, Sustainable Clean Energy Little River New infrastructure Energy treated timber, grease trap waste via pyrolysis Existing Facility with Diversion of mattresses Metals, fabrics, foam and changed or expanded The Mattress Recycler Moolap and lounge suites from timber for further waste and/or resource landfill processing. recovery Source: Barwon South West and Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Market Sounding – Evaluation Report, Landell 2016
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RISK AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING 5. RISK AND CONTINGENCY PLANNING
Waste and resource recovery groups are required to 5.1 CONTINGENCY PLANNING – factor risk and contingency planning into the assessment of landfill and waste recovery needs. The LANDFILL industry and Councils are required to factor risk Emergency events and disasters can create an management into their waste and resource recovery immediate need to safely landfill large quantities of planning, management and operations. waste. In this circumstance, if there is not enough Planning for, and allocating contingency allowances, landfill (or a resource recovery alternative) to meet ensures that sufficient recovery, reprocessing or landfill supply, serious environmental and public health impacts capacity is available if an adverse or emergency event may eventuate. Not having available airspace would be occurs or the non-delivery of new waste and resource expected to slow the management of a clean-up effort recovery infrastructure or if existing infrastructure and could cause significant delays in the demolition and becomes unavailable. removal of debris. This could potentially risk public and Contingency planning is required for the following environmental health in both the short and long term. potential scenarios: There are operational challenges to providing an adverse environmental event, within, near or contingency airspace in case of an emergency event. outside of the region, such as a flood or bushfire, Sites with available airspace that are scheduled to which may produce large quantities of waste accept the type of waste produced may not be readily requiring immediate disposal (or recovered) at able to receive the waste at short notice nor have the short notice, may disrupt collection systems or limit capacity internally to manage. This may be due to access to facilities; procurement delays, contractual obligations, restriction in cell airspace availability and availability of plant and an adverse event that closes a landfill in the short equipment to work landfill. However, in general there is term. Examples include police operations, on-site sufficient geographic spread of landfills across the fires, equipment failure, extreme wind/rain events region with the capacity to accept material. If required, and on-site accidents; this would need to occur at the EPA’s discretion to closure of significant waste and resource recovery ensure disposal requirements can be managed at short infrastructure (e.g. through emergency notice. event/industry or business failure); The Group has developed guidelines for Developing a failure of the landfilling industry to progressively Disaster Waste Management Plan for Councils. A plan for the development of existing sites (e.g. statewide waste and resource recovery contingency landfill cells) to meet contractual and industry planning group has been proposed, that would include demands; stakeholders such as EPA, DELWP, SV and Emergency Management Victoria to further investigate delays in the planning and development of the waste management requirements caused by proposed facilities against expected timeframes emergency events and the process of decision making resulting in non-commissioning or abandonments regarding waste management. The Grampians Central of such developments entirely; West Plan Disaster Management Plan for Waste may failure of existing reprocessors to obtain required be updated to reflect the outcomes of this work. planning permits and/or works approvals;
failure of industry to operate, monitor and report landfill as permitted, licenced and/or contracted, 5.2 RISKS – RESOURCE RECOVERY which can inadvertently result in immediate closure The Regional Implementation Plan relies on the and/or stockpiling of materials; progressive development of new resource recovery a biosecurity event (animal disease or plant, pest infrastructure (approved and constructed in a timely disease and weed) that would require limitations to manner) to lessen the reliance on landfills, as outlined be placed on the movement of respective materials in Section 6. If required infrastructure is not established or onsite treatment processes. Such an event can continuing landfill disposal options may be required. To result in DELWP exercising its powers to mitigate this risk, the Group intends to undertake a commandeer a landfill for the purpose of controlled review in three to five years, including an assessment of disposal of mass mortalities and/or result in Council commitments, progress of alternative waste significant economic and reputational damage to treatment technology to gauge the likelihood of delivery high value industries if not managed appropriately of new infrastructure as planned. in an integrated way; and The EP Act and the complementary Waste any event that would close major transport Management Policy; Landfill promote resource recovery routes/links (noting this would also have wide over disposal. However, in managing landfill capacity reaching impacts on the broader transport network, the infrastructure schedule must allow for additional community and economy). capacity to provide flexibility and ensure additional contingency air space capacity is available, if and when needed. This plan has taken this into consideration, as outlined in Section 6.3.
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There are a number of risks that effect the financial and environmental performance of the resource recovery sector and its related infrastructure and are outlined in Section 4.5. All of the Priority Actions contained in this Regional Implementation Plan will monitor the risk situation and guide how the Group might assist and/or intervene accordingly to reduce and minimise some of the risks that are listed in Table 21.
5.3 CONTINGENCY PLANNING – RESOURCE RECOVERY Mitigation strategies have only been developed for the 10-year life of the plan. Risk rankings are based on risks at the time of writing of the plan. Risks are likely to change as mitigation strategies are implemented over time and circumstances change.
TABLE 21. GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST IMPLEMENTATION PLAN RISK REGISTER MITIGATION RISK RISK CAUSE(S) POTENTIAL IMPACT MITIGATION STRATEGY ADDRESSED STATUS IN PLAN? Immature markets; Work with industry and state Cost; recovery rate; Failure (negative change) variable feedstock; government to develop local compliance action; Y High of markets low viability and markets; monitor use of new environment; reputation demand technologies Regulatory issue; Investigate / establish if alternative A facility / infrastructure Cost; recovery rate; business failure; options exist so that the region is closes unexpectedly or is compliance action; Y High market failure; not dependant on one company / no longer available environment; reputation biohazard; facility Increasing development, operational and Increased cost of Financial viability of rehabilitation costs sending waste Divert waste to alternative landfills Y Medium regional landfills are making small- elsewhere medium landfills unviable Work with state government departments (EPA, DELWP, EMV) Increase in waste sent to further investigate the waste Natural disaster / to landfill reducing cell requirements caused by emergency event resulting life capacity, alternative Bush fire, floods emergency events; Guidelines for Y High in significant volumes of transport to other Developing a Disaster Waste waste to be disposed of facilities required; Management Plan; Determine potential health impacts options for the diversion of waste during an emergency Community Waste resource recovery opposition / Increased cost; stock Work with Council planning sites not well located complaints; piling; environmental schemes, growth areas, effective Y Medium and/or not supported in planning risk community engagement local planning schemes encroachment Policies or regulations not Work with state government to Failure to meet strategic producing desired Regulatory failure; ensure policies are clear and Y Medium direction outcomes realistic Non-compliant with Increase cost of sending Engage with owner/operator and Landfill/s unable to accept regulations; waste elsewhere, regulator; divert waste to other Y Medium waste business failure; compliance action, landfill biohazard environment State or federal schemes Work with government bodies to do not adequately Regulatory failure; Failure to meet strategic ensure schemes consider all Y Medium consider regional legislative change direction impacts implications Increased fuel Identify alternative options where prices based upon Cost; recovery rate; Significant increases in possible. Improve waste global oil prices; market failure; Y High transport costs aggregation and transport taxes or freight reputation; stockpiling efficiencies fees Failure to notify Competition law assessment. Contravention of ACCC of Contravention of Legal advice. Encourage Councils Y Medium competition law collaborative competition law to notify ACCC. exercises
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INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULE 6. INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULE
The EP Act requires that a schedule be developed of It should be noted that listing a site or general location the existing and required waste and resource recovery in this schedule does not imply or guarantee that the infrastructure within the region. This schedule enables location or site will be developed. Relevant planning strategic planning to identify the gaps in the existing and regulatory approvals need to be granted before the infrastructure required to meet the strategic objectives infrastructure can be developed. for the region and plan for future needs. In developing Future reviews of this plan may identify that the need this schedule, the Group worked with the other groups and or location of future resource recovery and landfill to ensure consistency and alignment with the infrastructure listed in the schedule no longer presents infrastructure schedules across the state. the preferred option for the region. If this is the case, The schedule consists of two parts: then the schedule will be amended.
Part A: Resource Recovery infrastructure Aligning the infrastructure schedule with planning The purpose of Part A of the Infrastructure Schedule is schemes to identify where existing resource recovery Aligning this plan with relevant local planning schemes infrastructure in the region is currently located (Table is important to achieve the objectives of the Framework. 22) and the potential future requirements for resource Considering the ‘agent of change principle’ and the recovery infrastructure (Table 23). following steps will facilitate this alignment for new The information contained in Part A is aimed at infrastructure. Current infrastructure has the benefit of informing future planning, including land use planning existing use rights: on where land should be made available to conduct and, where appropriate, expand current resource 1. Inform Councils recovery activities and establish new facilities. This is to ensure appropriate land use planning is undertaken Advise Councils in the Grampians Central West region to minimise the impact of these activities on the that this Regional Implementation Plan (and its environment, public health and amenity of the Infrastructure Schedule) is the Plan referred to in surrounding community. Clause 19.03-5 Planning and Environment Act 1987 and that Councils should give it due consideration when exercising its planning functions. Part B: Landfill infrastructure The primary purpose of Part B of this schedule is to 2. Facilitate planning approvals ensure that there is adequate landfill capacity planned to ensure the safe and sanitary disposal of residual Work with relevant Councils and proponents to inform wastes for at least the next 10 years. Part B lists the and facilitate planning approvals, where required, to current and future landfill needs, including where implement new or expanded infrastructure. current landfill activities are undertaken (Table 24), their intended or likely date of closure and the proposed 3. Facilitate effective buffers sequence of filling of available landfills (Table 25) along Work with Councils to resolve encroachment of with closed landfills (Table 26). sensitive uses into buffers for existing infrastructure. Whilst Part B of this schedule only includes landfill
capacity in the Grampians Central West region it has been developed in consideration of waste flows that may enter this region from other regions within the state. The landfill component of the Infrastructure Schedule is designed to enable appropriate buffers to be defined, allowing for sound planning decisions to be made for land development in the vicinity of any new landfills that are listed in the schedule.
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PART A. RESOURCE RECOVERY INFRASTRUCTURE
TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM50 Resource Recovery Drop-off Facility -37.700261 Carranballac Drop Off Pyrenees Shire Council Darlington Carranballac Road Carranballac Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.161541 -37.146136 Crowlands Drop Off Pyrenees Shire Council Spring Flat Road Crowlands Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.115156 -36.364485 Kiata Depot Hindmarsh Shire Council Reserve Road Kiata Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141.786363 -36.106224 Netherby Depot Hindmarsh Shire Council Netherby Baker Road Netherby Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141.642858 -36.126679 Yanac Depot Hindmarsh Shire Council Netherby Yanac Road Yanac Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141.452183 Resource Recovery Centre (RRC) or Transfer Station (TS) -36.974928 Apsley Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Off Apsley - Langkoop Road Apsley West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.070452 -37.297078 Ararat Resource Recovery Centre Ararat Rural City Council Surface Hill Road Ararat Ararat Rural City Council MSW 142.929638 -37.087216 Avoca Transfer Station Pyrenees Shire Council Russell Street Avoca Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.482997 -37.691544 Bacchus Marsh Transfer Station Moorabool Shire Council Moore Street South Bacchus Marsh Moorabool Shire Council MSW 144.423131 -37.60205 Ballan Transfer Station Moorabool Shire Council Montville Lane Ballan Moorabool Shire Council MSW 144.269757 -37.566292 Ballarat Transfer Station City of Ballarat Gillies Street Ballarat City of Ballarat MSW 143.814864 Central Goldfields Shire -36.794912 Central Goldfields Shire Bealiba Transfer Station Whitehills Road Bealiba MSW Council 143.547063 Council -37.42504 Beaufort Transfer Station Pyrenees Shire Council Racecourse Road Beaufort Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.39575 Beulah Transfer Station and Resource -35.931123 Yarriambiack Shire Council Birchip - Rainbow Road Beulah Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.441291
50 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
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TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE continued PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM51 Carisbrook Transfer Station and Central Goldfields Shire -37.064722 Central Goldfields Shire Potts Lane Carisbrook MSW Resource Recovery Centre Council 143.791748 Council -37.278912 Chetwynd Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Chetwynd Cemetery Road Chetwynd West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.382666 Creswick Transfer Station and Resale -37.414729 Hepburn Shire Council 32 Anne Street (off Ring Road) Creswick Hepburn Shire Council MSW Centre 143.886057 Daylesford Transfer Station and -37.334377 Hepburn Shire Council Ajax Road Daylesford Hepburn Shire Council MSW Resale Centre 144.130618 -37.368648 Dergholm Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Off Casterton - Naracoorte Road Dergholm West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.218439 -36.441219 Dimboola Transfer Station Hindmarsh Shire Council Dimboola - Warracknabeal Road Dimboola Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 142.020489 Central Goldfields Shire -36.88062 Central Goldfields Shire Dunolly Transfer Station Maryborough Dunolly Road Dunolly MSW Council 143.751477 Council -37.038263 Edenhope Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Moss Street Edenhope West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.279649 -36.721414 Goroke Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Kylie Street Goroke West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.465108 Northern Grampians Shire -37.130377 Northern Grampians Shire Halls Gap Transfer Station 4300 Ararat - Halls Gap Road Halls Gap MSW Council 142.544589 Council -37.135337 Harrow Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council Off Nhill / Harrow Road Harrow West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.594073 Hopetoun Transfer Station and -35.736704 Yarriambiack Shire Council Hopetoun - Yaapeet Rd Hopetoun Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Resource Recovery Centre 142.346648 Horsham Transfer Station and -36.741434 Horsham Rural City Council Kenny Road Horsham Horsham Rural City Council MSW Resource Recovery Centre 142.190929 -36.130898 Jeparit Transfer Station Hindmarsh Shire Council Jeparit East Road Jeparit Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141.99624 Jung Transfer Station and Resource -36.609738 Horsham Rural City Council Jung Recreation Reserve Road Jung Horsham Rural City Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.372024 -36.384723 Kaniva Transfer Station West Wimmera Shire Council South Lillimur Road Kaniva West Wimmera Shire Council MSW 141.225702 -37.023621 Landsborough Transfer Station Pyrenees Shire Council Ararat St and St Arnaud Road Landsborough Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.1248 Minyip Transfer Station and Resource -37.292028 Yarriambiack Shire Council Minyip - Rich Avon Road Minyip Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.735257
51 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
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TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE continued PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM52 -37.631535 Corner Ballan Egerton Road and Mt Egerton Transfer Station Moorabool Shire Council Mount Egerton Moorabool Shire Council MSW 144.106686 Yendon Egerton Road Mt Zero (Laharum) Transfer Station -36.871306 Wonwondah - Dadswells Bridge Road Horsham Rural City Council Laharum Horsham Rural City Council MSW and Resource Recovery 142.355129 (SW Corner Winfields Road) Murtoa Transfer Station and Resource -36.62325 Yarriambiack Shire Council Murtoa - Rupanyup Road Murtoa Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.49726 -36.318595 Nhill Transfer Station Hindmarsh Shire Council Netherby Road Nhill Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141.663464 Pimpinio Transfer Station and -36.582421 Horsham Rural City Council Banyena Road Pimpinio Horsham Rural City Council MSW Resource Recovery Facility 142.117892 Quantong Transfer Station and -36.737652 SW Corner Hutchinson Road and Horsham Rural City Council Quantong Horsham Rural City Council MSW Resource Recovery Centre 142.02133 Lanes Avenue -35.908306 Off Rainbow - Nhill Road (Rainbow Rainbow Transfer Station Hindmarsh Shire Council Rainbow Hindmarsh Shire Council MSW 141970568 Rises Road) -37.912242 Rokewood Transfer Station Golden Plains Shire Council Meadows Road Rokewood Golden Plains Shire Council MSW 143.714996 Rupanyup Transfer Station and -36.639533 Yarriambiack Shire Council Dyer Street Rupanyup Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Resource Recovery Centre 142.629282 -37.62084 Snake Valley Transfer Station Pyrenees Shire Council Snake Valley - Morchup Road Snake Valley Pyrenees Shire Council MSW 143.550339 Northern Grampians Shire -37.07058 Northern Grampians Shire Stawell Transfer Station Lavett Road Stawell MSW Council 142.800328 Council Central Goldfields Shire -37.166119 Central Goldfields Shire Talbot Transfer Station Rockyflat Road Talbot MSW Council 143.709014 Council Toolondo Transfer Station and -36.993956 Horsham Rural City Council Telangatuk East Road Toolondo Horsham Rural City Council MSW Resource Recovery Facility 141.933478 Trentham Transfer Station and Resale -37.414729 Hepburn Shire Council Trentham Blackwood Road Trentham Hepburn Shire Council MSW Centre 143.886057 Woomelang Transfer Station and -35.696939 Off Church St and Duthies Road Yarriambiack Shire Council Woomelang Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Resource Recovery Centre 142.67586 South Resource Recovery Centre (RRC) co-located at Landfill Elmhurst Resource Recovery Centre -37.191022 Ararat Rural City Council McKay Street Elmhurst Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 143.251242 Lake Bolac Resource Recovery -37.704218 Ararat Rural City Council Rubbish Tip Road Lake Bolac Ararat Rural City Council MSW Centre and Landfill 142.8236
52 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
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TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE continued PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM53 Moyston Resource Recovery Centre -37.292028 Ararat Rural City Council Off Moyston West Road Moyston Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 142.735257 Pomonal Resource Recovery Centre -37.195093 Ararat Rural City Council Pomonal East Road Pomonal Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 142.635344 St Arnaud Transfer Station and Northern Grampians Shire -36.590533 329 Old Wedderburn Road (Hard Hills Northern Grampians Shire St Arnaud MSW Landfill Council 143.327382 Road) Council Streatham Resource Recovery Centre -37.684394 Ararat Rural City Council Nerrin - Floodway Road Streatham Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 143.040767 Tatyoon Resource Recovery Centre -37.535434 Ararat Rural City Council Off Porters Bridge Road Tatyoon Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 142.951494 Willaura Resource Recovery Centre -37.576825 Ararat Rural City Council Wickcliffe - Willaura Road Willaura Ararat Rural City Council MSW and Landfill 142.73492 Patchewollock Landfill and Resource -35.371129 Yarriambiack Shire Council Hopetoun - Walpeup Road Patchewollock Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.20475 Speed/Tempy Landfill and Resource -35.359321 Yarriambiack Shire Council Sunraysia Highway Tempy Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.428256 Warracknabeal Landfill and Resource -36.226349 Yarriambiack Shire Council Golf Links Road Warracknabeal Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.407726 Yaapeet Landfill and Resource -35.780134 Yarriambiack Shire Council Off Rainbow - Yaapeet Road Yaapeet Yarriambiack Shire Council MSW Recovery Centre 142.044088 Resource Recovery Interchange Facility Kerbside City of Ballarat Green Waste -37.512167 (Western Side) Ballarat Airport, City of Ballarat Mitchell Park City of Ballarat Organics Interchange Facility 143.783926 Airport Road Garden -37.52725 Kerbside Recycling Interchange Facility Ace Metals 5 - 7 Coronet Street Wendouree City of Ballarat 143.847137 Recyclables -37.052355 Northern Grampians Shire Kerbside Stawell Interchange Wheelie Waste 11 Haughton Street Stawell 142.764150 Council Recyclables Material Recovery Facility (MRF) -37.334377 Daylesford MRF Hepburn Shire Council Ajax Road Daylesford Hepburn Shire Council MSW 144.130618 -37.274516 Paper / Downes Recycling Downes Recycling 2 McLean Street Ararat Ararat Rural City Council 142.935056 Cardboard Horsham Green Waste -36.739019 Organics Horsham Green Waste Processing Golfcourse Road Horsham Horsham Rural City Council Processing 142.19043 Garden Waste -36.62671 Northern Grampians Shire Municipal Solid St Arnaud Recyclers EcoSwish EcoSwish 10 Phillips Court St Arnaud 143.266859 Council Waste
53 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 77
TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE continued PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM54 Reprocessor – Organics -37.567453 Garden Recycling Centre Garden Recycling Centre 154 Learmonth Street Alfredton City of Ballarat Garden Waste 143.809877 -36.872558 Central Goldfields Shire Dunolly Second-hand Timber Yard Dunolly Demolition Salvage 96 - 1060 Betley Road Dunolly Wood / Timber 143.749033 Council Calleja Transport (Maddingley -37.702770 Calleja Transport East Maddingley Road Bacchus Marsh Moorabool Shire Council Garden Waste Brown Coal Pty Ltd) 144.435411 Castlegate James Australia -37.570511 Castlegate James (James and Son) 4 Wiltshire Lane Delacombe City of Ballarat Food Waste Pty Ltd 143.809236 -37.379105 Davo's Worm Farms Davo's Worm Farms 54 Henders Road Broomfield Hepburn Shire Council Garden Waste 143.905744 Reprocessor – Plastics -37.583846 Replas Repeat Plastics Australia 50 Elsworth Street Ballarat City of Ballarat Plastics 143.873733 Reprocessor – Paper / Cardboard -37.516269 Paper / Ballarat Regional Industries Ballarat Regional Industries 6 Neerim Crescent Wendouree City of Ballarat 143.804161 Cardboard -37.535915 Paper / Paper Freight Australia Paper Freight Australia 28 Grandlee Drive Wendouree City of Ballarat 143.813114 Cardboard -37.052389 Northern Grampians Shire Paper / Grampians Recycling Grampians Recycling 9 Haughton Street Stawell 142.764994 Council Cardboard Reprocessor – Aggregate, Masonry and Soils Aggregates, -37.579591 Ballarat Concrete Recycling Ballarat Concrete Recycling 3 Tannery Lane Ballarat City of Ballarat Masonry and 143.848181 Soil Aggregates, -37.573796 Chris Bev Pty Ltd Chris Bev Pty Ltd Wallis Street Delacombe City of Ballarat Masonry and 143.820391 Soil Aggregates, -37.806752 Western Gypsum Western Gypsum 2265 Scarsdale - Pitfield Road Cape Clear Golden Plains Shire Council Masonry and 143.603428 Soil Aggregates, -36.740451 WestonVic Waste WestonVic 8 Turnbull Drive Horsham Horsham Rural City Council Masonry and 142.195221 Soil Aggregates, -37.52866 KKC Recycling KKC Property Pty Ltd 3 Hammer Court Wendouree City of Ballarat Masonry and 143.847068 Soil
54 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 78
TABLE 22. EXISTING RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE continued PRINCIPAL GIS SITE NAME OWNER / OPERATOR ADDRESS TOWN / SUBURB COUNCIL MATERIAL LOCATION STREAM55 Reprocessor – E-waste Community Axis Enterprises -36.737625 Axis Worx 134 Golf Course Rd Horsham Horsham Rural City Council E-waste Incorporation 142.19116 Reprocessor – Metals Ballarat Scrap Metal and -37.589066 Ballarat Scrap Metal and Recycling 8-18 Kossuth Street Sebastopol City of Ballarat Metals Recycling 143.827465 -37.570212 Kings Marine Stores Kings Marine Stores Corner South And Skipton Streets Ballarat City of Ballarat Metals 143.851089 -36.737979 Manhari Metals Manhari Metals 52 Henty Highway (Hamilton Road) Horsham Horsham Rural City Council Metals 142.204591 -37.52725 Onesteel Recycling Onesteel (Arrium Limited) 5 - 7 Coronet Street Wendouree City of Ballarat Metals 143.847137 Energy from Waste – Anaerobic Digester -37.462110 Organics - Berrybank Farm CIFE Hendersons Road Windermere City of Ballarat 143.710254 Other Energy from Waste – Other -37.431691 Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Plant Beaufort Skipton Health Walker Street Beaufort Pyrenees Shire Council Wood / Timber 143.382470 To the best of the knowledge of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group, all relevant existing facilities have been included on this schedule. Please note that inclusion of an existing facility in this schedule should not in any way be construed as a warranty or representation as to the quality, compliance, effectiveness or suitability of the facilities included. Whilst Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group has made every effort to compile this information accurately and completely, the list of facilities included, information and comments in the ‘other considerations' section are not exhaustive, and are provided to generally facilitate the achievement of the objectives of the Environment Protection Act 1970 (Vic). Further information about individual facilities should be sought from the Environment Protection Authority, or (where appropriate) owners or operators of facilities.
55 More information on materials managed at facilities such as RRC/TS sites can be found on respective Council websites
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 79
TABLE 23. FUTURE RESOURCE RECOVERY AND REPROCESSING INFRASTRUCTURE
PROPONENT LOCATION MATERIAL STREAMS REASON
New Infrastructure Australian Renewable Energy Parks Maryborough Residual Waste Energy from waste facility Central Goldfields Shire Council Flagstaff Residual Waste Land for potential energy from waste facility MSW and a range of materials City of Ballarat Ballarat New Transfer Station with major shed structure including Organics Northern Grampians Shire Council / New development of centralised combined Transfer Station facility and Within Shires Mixed Ararat Rural City Council associated Transfer Station rationalisation Pinegro Products Pty Ltd Mt Wallace Organics New aerated composting facility Pyrenees Shire Council / Golden Plains Shire Council / Snake Valley Organics Garden New Organics Garden facility / combined Transfer Station Corangamite Shire Council Used Tyre Recycling Corporation Stawell Rubber Tyres New tyre shredding facility and proposed pyrolysis Existing Facility with changed or expanding waste and/or resource recovery Multiple materials including Upgrade Transfer Station facilities to accommodate further materials for Ararat Rural City Council Ararat polystyrene resource recovery Organics Garden and timber, Calleja (Maddingley Brown Coal) Bacchus Marsh Expansion of organics processing and C&D waste processing Concrete and aggregates Golden Plains Shire Council Rokewood Organics Garden Processing of organics garden on a closed landfill site Horsham Horsham Rural City Council Mixed Upgrade Transfer Station Transfer Station Northern Grampians Shire Council St Arnaud Mixed Landfill closure and Transfer Station upgrade Avoca, Beaufort Transfer Station upgrades with essential services, traffic circulation, Pyrenees Shire Council and Snake Mixed OH&S, fire safety and infrastructure Valley Kaniva and Transfer Station upgrades with essential services, traffic circulation, West Wimmera Shire Council Mixed Edenhope OH&S, hardstands, fencing and drainage infrastructure
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 80
PART B. LANDFILL INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULE
The purpose of this schedule, if the need is apparent It includes only existing landfill sites. The table shows and justified, is to identify options for future landfill the potential lifespan; site operators may decide to capacity within the region. No new landfills are close a landfill earlier. Existing landfills may require proposed in this Schedule. Landfill infrastructure further authorisations such as cell (works) approval to analysis is located in Part 4.3 expand and develop new cells, licence amendment The identification of a new or expanded landfill in Part B upon construction completion, etc. There is no reliance of this schedule does not guarantee that the landfill on landfill airspace availability in other regions. capacity will become operational. A proponent wishing The Group does not consider that there is a to establish a landfill will need to obtain all necessary demonstrated need for additional landfill airspace and permits and approvals before establishing the landfill. does not intend to schedule any new or expanded This may include obtaining a planning permit from the landfill at this time. This matter is to be reviewed within relevant planning authority, and obtaining a works three to five years. No other Regional Waste and approval and licence from EPA Victoria. Resource Recovery Groups have advised the Group for Subject to limited exceptions, EPA Victoria must refuse landfill in this Region. No additional landfills exempt to consider an application for a works approval in from licensing will be required, following closures, as all relation to any new landfill not included in this table waste will be diverted to existing regional landfills. under Section 50C (2) of the EP Act. It is acknowledged that all licenced landfills will, as If a landfill site, prior to being issued a works approval, demand is required, continue to plan and apply for planning permit and licence, is found, through the further cell development on their existing planning infrastructure scheduling process (Part B) to no longer approved sites. Each cell requires EPA works be the most suitable option to service the needs approval. It is estimated that an additional cell is identified by the Group, then it can be removed from the required every two years at some regional landfills. schedule and suitable alternatives scheduled if new Many of the sites in the region are small landfills infrastructure is still required. This review will be servicing only the local area and closed some time ago. undertaken as part of the periodic review of this In most cases these pose a negligible risk to the Regional Implementation Plan. community, environment and public health. The Group The projected sequencing of existing landfill is outlined will develop a process to work with any duty holder(s) of in Table 25. It contains the proposed sequence for the sites that have not commenced rehabilitation based on filling of available landfill sites for a 30-year period and the risk of adverse impacts to the community, public estimated closure dates. health and the environment from the closed landfills on these sites.
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 81
TABLE 24. EXISTING LANDFILLS AVAILABLE LIKELY LANDFILL TOWN / GIS EPA FACILITY OWNER ADDRESS LGA MAJOR MATERIAL STREAMS53 SPACE CLOSURE NAME SUBURB LOCATION LICENCE (YEARS) DATE54 Licensed Landfills Putrescible Horsham Rural City Horsham Rural -36.607426 ES353 Dooen Landfill 81 Ladlows Road Dooen Solid Inert 30 2044 / 2045 Council City Council 142.256346 12067 Asbestos Solid Inert Metal recycling shredder residue (floc) Paper pulp Maddingley Maddingley Brown East Maddingley Moorabool Shire -37.706473 Bacchus Marsh ES90 Pneumatic rubber automotive tyres 19 2033 / 2034 Brown Coal Coal Pty Ltd Road Council 144.439322 shredded Potential and waste acid sulfate soils Category C Contaminated soils Putrescible Solid Inert BMG Boral Smythesdale Golden Plains -37.624403 ES27678 Asbestos waste City of Ballarat Gravel Pits, Smythesdale 28 2042 / 2043 Landfill Shire Council 143.697984 12008 Pneumatic rubber automotive tyres Glenelg Highway shredded Category C Contaminated soils Putrescible Solid Inert Pomonal Road Northern ES39783 Asbestos waste Statewide Waste Statewide Waste -37.099788 (Stawell - Bellellen Grampians Shire 70183 Pneumatic rubber automotive tyres 20 2034 / 2035 Regional Landfill Pty Ltd 142.732292 Pomonal Road) Council 74234 shredded Fly ash Category C Contaminated soils
53 Material Streams as per licence conditions. Owners may vary what materials are accepted. 54 Likely closure dates are estimated based on consideration of modelled tonnage projections (business as usual) and airspace available utilising planning approvals (and may be subject to additional Works Approvals). This may include potential void space that may eventuate at quarry based landfill sites as identified by owners and operators. Eventuation of these timeframes will depend on business decisions, waste flows and appropriate approvals.
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 82
TABLE 24. EXISTING LANDFILLS continued AVAILABLE LIKELY TOWN / GIS MAJOR MATERIAL LANDFILL NAME FACILITY OWNER ADDRESS SPACE CLOSURE SUBURB LOCATION STREAMS55 (YEARS) DATE56 Exempt from Licencing Ararat Rural City Council Elmhurst Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.191022 McKay Street Elmhurst Hard Waste Only 3 2018 Landfill Council 143.251242 Lake Bolac Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.704218 Rubbish Tip Road Lake Bolac Hard Waste Only 2 2017 Landfill Council 142.8236 Moyston Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.292028 Off Moyston West Road Moyston Hard Waste Only 0 2016 Landfill Council 142.735257 Pomonal Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.195093 Pomonal East Road Pomonal Hard Waste Only 3 2018 Landfill Council 142.635344 Streatham Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.684394 Nerrin - Floodway Road Streatham Hard Waste Only 3 2018 Landfill Council 143.040767 Tatyoon Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.684394 Off Porters Bridge Road Tatyoon Hard Waste Only 3 2018 Landfill Council 143.040767 Willaura Resource Recovery Centre and Ararat Rural City -37.576825 Wickcliffe - Willaura Road Willaura Hard Waste Only 2 2017 Landfill Council 142.73492 Northern Grampians Shire Council Northern Grampians -36.591375 Putrescible St Arnaud Transfer Station and Landfill 329 Old Wedderburn Road St Arnaud 2 2017 Shire Council 143.329314 Solid Inert Yarriambiack Shire Council Patchewollock Landfill and Resource Yarriambiack Shire -35.371129 Putrescible Hopetoun - Walpeup Road Patchewollock 10 2024 / 2025 Recovery Centre Council 142.20475 Solid Inert Speed/Tempy Landfill and Resource Yarriambiack Shire -35.359321 Putrescible Sunraysia Highway Tempy 10 2024 / 2025 Recovery Centre Council 142.428256 Solid Inert Warracknabeal Landfill and Resource Yarriambiack Shire -36.226349 Putrescible Golf Links Road Warracknabeal 10 2024 / 2025 Recovery Centre Council 142.407726 Solid Inert Yaapeet Landfill and Resource Recovery Yarriambiack Shire -35.780134 Putrescible Off Rainbow - Yaapeet Road Yaapeet 10 2024 / 2025 Centre Council 142.044088 Solid Inert To the best of the knowledge of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group, all relevant existing landfill facilities have been included on this schedule. Please note that inclusion of an existing facility in this schedule should not in any way be construed as a warranty or representation as to the quality, compliance, effectiveness or suitability of the facilities included. Whilst Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group has made every effort to compile this information accurately and completely, the list of facilities included, information and comments in the ‘other considerations' section are not exhaustive, and are provided to generally facilitate the achievement of the objectives of the Environment Protection Act 1970 (Vic). Further information about individual facilities should be sought from the Environment Protection Authority, or (where appropriate) owners or operators of facilities.
55 Material Streams as per licence conditions. Owners may vary what materials are accepted. 56 Likely closure dates are estimated based on consideration of modelled tonnage projections (business as usual) and airspace available utilising planning approvals (and may be subject to additional Works Approvals). This may include potential void space that may eventuate at quarry based landfill sites as identified by owners and operators. Eventuation of these timeframes will depend on business decisions, waste flows and appropriate approvals.
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 83
TABLE 25. LANDFILLS AND PROJECTED LIFE 2016 – 2045
LANDFILL SITE NAME 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45
Maddingley Brown Coal
Statewide Waste Regional Landfill Smythesdale Landfill
Dooen Landfill
Moyston Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill Lake Bolac Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill St Arnaud Transfer Station and Landfill Willaura Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill Elmhurst Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill Pomonal Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill Streatham Resource Recovery Centre and Landfill Tatyoon Resource Recovery Centre Landfill and Patchewollock Landfill and Resource Recovery Centre Speed/Tempy Landfill and Resource Recovery Centre Warracknabeal Landfill and Resource Recovery Centre Yaapeet Landfill and Resource Recovery Centre Note: Likely closure dates are estimated based on consideration of modelled tonnage projections and land available under current EPA Victoria works approval, planning and permit requirements and potential void space that may eventuate at quarry based landfill sites as identified by owners and operators. Final timeframes will depend on business decisions made by owners and operators, waste flows and whether they gain the appropriate approvals. Landfills estimated for closure will continue to receive clean fill and soils for the purposes of final contouring, capping and rehabilitation after ceasing accepting wastes. Resource recovery activities may occur on site after a site ceases accepting waste for disposal providing the necessary planning approvals are in place.
Key: Potential anticipated life - Available space with land use planning and works approval or licence exemption Intended / Likely Closure Potential anticipated life - Available space with land use planning and subject to further works approval Void space subject to all relevant approvals Implementation of rehabilitation plan and post closure management
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 84
TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS WASTES ACCEPTED YEAR LAND REHABILITATION CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER DURING FILLING CEASED STATUS ON SITE OPERATION ARARAT RURAL CITY COUNCIL Queen St South and Surface Hill Road Ongoing Monitoring & Ararat Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 2001 Transfer Station Ararat Vic 3377 Maintenance McKay Street Transfer Station, Revegetation, Elmhurst Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Elmhurst Vic 3469 Hard Waste Landfill Graham Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Lake Bolac Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Lake Bolac Vic 3351 Hard Waste Landfill Mininera Tip Mininera Vic 3351 Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 2000 Completed Revegetation Moyston West Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Moyston Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Moyston Vic 3377 Hard Waste Landfill Pomonal East Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Pomonal Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Pomonal Vic 3381 Hard Waste Landfill Rossbridge Tip Rossbridge Vic 3377 Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 2000 Completed Revegetation Rubbish Tip Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Streatham Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Streatham Vic 3351 Hard Waste Landfill Camp Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Tatyoon Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Tatyoon Vic 3378 Hard Waste Landfill Rubbish Tip Road Wickliffe Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Revegetation Wickliffe Vic 3379 Wickliffe – Willaura Road Transfer Station, Revegetation, Willaura Tip Ararat Rural City Council Putrescible 1998 Completed Willaura Vic 3379 Hard Waste Landfill CENTRAL GOLDFIELDS SHIRE COUNCIL Mount Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Bealiba Landfill Putrescible 1996 Completed Revegetation Bealiba Vic 3472 (Shire of Bet Bet) 129 Williams Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Ongoing Monitoring & Carisbrook Landfill Putrescible 2008 Transfer Station, Revegetation Carisbrook Vic 3464 (Shire of Tullaroop) Maintenance Off Dunolly- Maryborough Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Dunolly Landfill Putrescible 2005 Completed Transfer Station Dunolly Vic 3472 (Shire of Bet Bet) Maryborough East Off Argyle Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Putrescible 1970s Completed Revegetation Landfill Maryborough Vic 3465 (City of Maryborough) Maryborough West Off Balaclava Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Putrescible 1983 Completed Revegetation Landfill Maryborough Vic 3465 (City of Maryborough)
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 85
TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES ACCEPTED YEAR LAND REHABILITATION CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER DURING FILLING CEASED STATUS ON SITE OPERATION Rock Flat Road Central Goldfields Shire Council Talbot Landfill Putrescible 2006 Completed Transfer Station Talbot Vic 3472 (Shire of Talbot and Clunes) Pt Ca 10 Sec H Parish of Barp, Birketts Lane Dunolly Vic 3472 VicGrain Vicgrain Ltd N/A 2004 N/A N/A Silo Address: Corner Thompson St and Desmond Street, Dunolly CITY OF BALLARAT Learmonth Street City of Ballarat Alfredton Tip Putrescible 1979 Completed Golf Driving Range Alfredton Vic 3350 (Shire of Ballarat) 1982; Chisholm Street Ongoing Monitoring & Black Hill Tip City of Ballarat Putrescible Possible minor Parkland Black Hill Vic 3350 Maintenance dumping until 1994 Buninyong / 3 Whitehorse Road Ongoing Monitoring & City of Ballarat Putrescible 1996 Open Space Sebastopol Tip Mount Clear Vic 3350 Maintenance Bunkers Hill (Sago 726 Bells Road Ongoing Monitoring & FMP Group (Australia) Pty Ltd Asbestos PIW 2008 N/A Hill Waste Facility) Bunkers Hill Vic 3352 Maintenance Gilles Road North Long Point Tip City of Ballarat Putrescible 1982 Completed Parkland Ascot Vic 3364 Lofven Street City of Ballarat Nerrina Tip Putrescible 1995 Completed Parkland Nerrina Vic 3350 (Shire of Bungaree) Otway Street South Pennyweight Park Tip City of Ballarat Putrescible 1970’s Completed Parkland Canadian Vic 3350 Sago Hill Inert Waste 726 Bells Road Ongoing Monitoring & Chris Bev Pty Ltd SIW 2005 N/A Facility Bunkers Hill Vic 3352 Maintenance Sago Hills Road City of Ballarat Sago Hills Road Tip Putrescible 1980 Completed N/A Bunkers Hill Vic 3352 (Shire of Grenville) Latrobe Street Trekardo Park City of Ballarat Putrescible 1960’s Completed Sports Facilities, Open Space Redan Vic 3350 Corner Gilles Road North and Western Putrescible & Wendouree Tip Freeway City of Ballarat Solid Inert 1983 Completed Freeway On-Ramp, Farming Mount Rowan Vic 3352 Industrial Moyle Street White Flat Oval City of Ballarat Putrescible Early 1900’s Completed Sports Facilities, Open Space Ballarat Vic 3350
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 86
TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES ACCEPTED YEAR LAND REHABILITATION CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER DURING FILLING CEASED STATUS ON SITE OPERATION GOLDEN PLAINS SHIRE COUNCIL Bannockburn Bush Reserve Bannockburn Tip Masons Road Golden Plains Shire Council Putrescible Early 2000’s Completed Open Space Bannockburn Vic 3328 Meredith State Forest off Meredith Tip Meredith – Steiglitz Road Golden Plains Shire Council Putrescible 1997 Completed Revegetation Meredith Vic 3328 Rokewood Common Rokewood Tip Meadows Road Golden Plains Shire Council Solid Inert 2015 Commenced Transfer Station Rokewood Vic 3328 Shelford – Bannockburn Road Golden Plains Shire Council Teesdale Tip Putrescible 2015 Commenced Open Space Teesdale Vic 3328 (Shire of Leigh) HEPBURN SHIRE COUNCIL Albert Street Hepburn Shire Council Ongoing Monitoring Clunes Tip Putrescible 1998 N/A Clunes Vic 3370 (Shire of Talbot and Clunes) and Maintenance C/a 45a Parish of Creswick Ongoing Monitoring Creswick Tip County of Talbot Hepburn Shire Council Putrescible 2005 Transfer Station and Maintenance Creswick Vic 3363 Ca 62a and 63 Daylesford Tip / Hepburn Shire Council Ongoing Monitoring Section 2b Ajax Road Putrescible 2004 Transfer Station, MRF, Car Park Landfill (Shire of Daylesford and Glenlyon) and Maintenance Daylesford Vic 3460 Cosmo Road Hepburn Shire Council Ongoing Monitoring Trentham Tip Putrescible 2004 Transfer Station Trentham Vic 3458 (Shire of Kyneton) and Maintenance HINDMARSH SHIRE COUNCIL C/A 163m, Parish of Dimboola Hindmarsh Shire Council Dimboola Tip Dimboola – Warracknabeal Road Putrescible 2006 Completed Transfer Station (Shire of Dimboola) Dimboola Vic 3423 Jeparit East Road Hindmarsh Shire Council Jeparit Tip Putrescible 2006 Completed Transfer Station Jeparit Vic 3423 (Shire of Dimboola) Nhill Netherby Rd Hindmarsh Shire Council Nhill Tip Putrescible 2006 Completed Transfer Station Nhill Vic 3418 (Shire of Lowan) Poultry Poultry Abattoir Solids Off McKenzie Avenue The Luv A Duck Range Pty. Ltd. Abattoir Solids N/A N/A N/A Disposal Nhill Vic 3418 Disposal Off Rainbow – Nhill Road Hindmarsh Shire Council Rainbow Tip Putrescible 2006 Completed Transfer Station Rainbow Vic 3424 (Shire of Dimboola)
REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLAN - CONSULTATION DRAFT 87
TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES ACCEPTED YEAR LAND REHABILITATION CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER DURING FILLING CEASED STATUS ON SITE OPERATION HORSHAM RURAL CITY COUNCIL Bow Lake Road Clear Lake Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2002 Completed Open Space Clear Lake Vic 3409 Dadswells Bridge Western Highway Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1996 Completed Open Space Landfill Dadswells Bridge Vic 3385 Dock Lake Road Dock Lake Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1982 Completed Open Space Drung Vic 3401 Green Lake Tip Road Green Lake Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2002 Completed Open Space Bungalally Vic 3401 Jung Tip Road Jung Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2003 Completed Transfer Station Jung Vic 3401 Kenny Road Kenny Road Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1980 Completed Open Space Horsham Vic 3402 Corner Wyn Road and Kuhne Road Natimuk Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2001 Completed Open Space Natimuk Vic 3409 Horsham Noradjuha Road Noradjuha Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1990 Completed Open Space Noradjuha Vic 3409 Banyena Road Pimpinio Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2000 Completed Transfer Station Pimpinio Vic 3401 SW Corner Hutchison Road and Quantong Landfill Lanes Avenue Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2001 Completed Transfer Station Quantong Vic 3401 Telangatuk East Road Toolondo Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 2002 Completed Transfer Station Toolondo Vic 3401 Roggs Road Wail Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1982 Completed Open Space Wail Vic 3401 Sullivan Road Wartook Landfill Horsham Rural City Council Putrescible 1997 Completed Open Space Wartook Vic 3401
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST WASTE & RESOURCE RECOVERY GROUP 88
TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES ACCEPTED YEAR LAND REHABILITATION CURRENT INFRASTRUCTURE SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER DURING FILLING CEASED STATUS ON SITE OPERATION MOORABOOL SHIRE COUNCIL Bacchus Marsh Side of Kerrs Road Ongoing Monitoring & Oupan Resources Putrescible 2002 Open Space Landfill Maddingley Vic 3340 Maintenance Montville Lane Ongoing Monitoring & Ballan Tip Moorabool Shire Council Putrescible 2009 Transfer Station Ballan Vic 3342 Maintenance Corner Ballan – Egerton and Mt Egerton Tip Yendon – Egerton Roads Moorabool Shire Council Putrescible Unknown Completed N/A Mt Egerton Vic 3352 Teleford Park Tip Darley / Bacchus Marsh Vic 3340 Moorabool Shire Council Putrescible Unknown Completed N/A Darley Fire Brick Grey Street Moorabool Shire Council Putrescible Unknown Completed N/A Landfill Darley / Bacchus Marsh Vic 3340 Blackwood North Road Blackwood Tip Private Landholder Putrescible Unknown Completed N/A Blackwood Vic 3458 NORTHERN GRAMPIANS SHIRE COUNCIL Carapooee West Food Manufacturing South of Little Church Road Goldfields Turkeys Pty Ltd N/A 2003 N/A N/A Plant St Arnaud Vic 3478 Arapiles Street Glenorchy Tip Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible 2000 Completed Open Space Glenorchy Vic 3385 Salt Creek Road Open Space Great Western Tip Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible 2001 Completed Great Western Vic 3377 (potential Highway bypass) Devils Garden Road Halls Gap Tip Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible 2001 Completed Open Space Halls Gap Vic 3381 Community recycling group Auvergne Road Marnoo Tip Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible 2013 Commenced operating partial site and own Marnoo Vic 3387 infrastructure C/A 5 Sect 150 Parish of Stawell Navarre Road Liquid County of Borung Northern Grampians Shire Council Liquid Waste 1996 N/A N/A Waste Receival Site Stawell Vic 3380 Lavett Road Stawell (East) Landfill Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Private operator uses partial site Stawell Vic 3380 Stawell (North) Mary Street (Haughton Street) Northern Grampians Shire Council Putrescible N/A Completed Open Space Landfill Stawell Vic 3380 Hill Street Stawell Landfill Northern Grampians Shire Council Solid Inert 1998 Completed Open Space Stawell Vic 3380
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TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES YEAR LAND CURRENT ACCEPTED REHABILITATION SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER FILLING INFRASTRUCTURE DURING STATUS CEASED ON SITE OPERATION PYRENEES SHIRE COUNCIL C/A 46c Parish Yalong Pyrenees Shire Council Amphitheatre Landfill Greenhill Creek Road Putrescible N/A Completed Nil (Shire of Lexton) Amphitheatre Vic 3468 Avoca Landfill (Rubbish 82 Russell Street Pyrenees Shire Council Putrescible 1992 Completed Transfer Station Depot) Avoca Vic 3467 (Shire of Avoca) 2 Tip Road Pyrenees Shire Council Beaufort Landfill Putrescible 1997 Completed Transfer Station Beaufort Vic 3373 (Shire of Ripon) Estimated 6754 Glenelg Highway Carranballac Landfill Carranballac Vic 3361 Private Landholder Putrescible N/A Completed Nil Lot 2 Lp146116 Lot 2 TP250031 Pyrenees Shire Council Crowlands Landfill Crowlands - Eversley Road Putrescible N/A Completed Nil (Shire of Avoca) Crowlands Vic 3377 2161 Landsborough – St Arnaud Road Pyrenees Shire Council Landsborough Landfill Putrescible N/A Completed Transfer Station Landsborough Vic 3384 (Shire of Avoca) Sandlant Road Lexton Vic 3352 Pyrenees Shire Council Lexton Landfill Putrescible N/A Completed Nil C/A 1a Sec F Parish Lexton (Shire of Lexton) Mountain View Road Moonambel Vic 3478 Moonambel Landfill Crown Putrescible N/A Completed Nil C/A 89h Parish Warrenmang Road Reserve Old Tip Road Pyrenees Shire Council Natte Yallock Landfill Putrescible N/A Completed Nil Natte Yallock Vic 3465 (Shire of Avoca) Stawell - Avoca Road Navarre Landfill Frenchmans Vic 3384 Crown Putrescible N/A Completed Nil C/A 2004 Parish Barkly Road Reserve Tip Road Pyrenees Shire Council Raglan Landfill Putrescible N/A Completed Nil Raglan Vic 3373 (Shire of Ripon) 298 Snake Valley – Morchup Road Pyrenees Shire Council Snake Valley Landfill Putrescible N/A Completed Transfer Station Snake Valley Vic 3351 (Shire of Ripon)
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TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES YEAR LAND CURRENT REHABILITATION SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER ACCEPTED DURING FILLING INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS OPERATION CEASED ON SITE WEST WIMMERA SHIRE COUNCIL Casterton – Apsley Road Apsley Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Apsley Vic 3319 Brippick Road Benayeo Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Nil Benayeo Vic 3319 Kaniva Edenhope Road Charlegrark Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Nil Charlegrark Vic 3319 Chetwynd Tip Road Chetwynd Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Chetwynd Vic 3312 Quinn Road Derghold Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Dergholm Vic 3312 Wombelano Road Douglas Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Nil Douglas Vic 3409 Moss Street Edenhope Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Edenhope Vic 3318 Depot Lane Goroke Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Goroke Vic 3412 Nhill – Harrow Road Harrow Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Harrow Vic 3317 South Lillimur Road West Wimmera Shire Council Kaniva Municipal Tip Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Kaniva Vic 3419 (Shire of Kaniva) Church Street Miram Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Nil Miram Vic 3415 K Clark’s Road Lillimur Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Nil Lillimur Vic 3420 Tip Road Serviceton Landfill West Wimmera Shire Council Putrescible 1999 Completed Transfer Station Serviceton Vic 3420
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TABLE 26. REHABILITATION STATUS OF CLOSED LANDFILLS continued WASTES YEAR LAND CURRENT REHABILITATION SITE NAME ADDRESS DUTY HOLDER ACCEPTED DURING FILLING INFRASTRUCTURE STATUS OPERATION CEASED ON SITE YARRIAMBIACK SHIRE COUNCIL Henty Highway Lah Landfill Yarriambiack Shire Council SIW 2012 Completed N/A Lah Vic 3393 Lascelles Tip Lascelles Vic 3487 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 1997 Completed N/A Lubeck Tip Lubeck Vic 3381 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 1997 Completed N/A Minyip (North) Tip Minyip Vic 3392 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 2010 Completed Transfer Station Off Wimmera Highway Yarriambiack Shire Council Murtoa Tip Putrescible 2000 Completed Transfer Station Murtoa Vic 3390 (Shire of Dunmunkle) Rosebery Tip Rosebery Vic 3395 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 1995 Completed N/A Hausler Road Sheep Hills Landfill Yarriambiack Shire Council SIW 2014 Completed N/A Sheep Hills Vic 3392 Wallup East Tip Wallup East Vic 3401 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 2009 Completed N/A Woomelang Tip Woomelang Vic 3485 Yarriambiack Shire Council Putrescible 2010 Completed Transfer Station To the best of the knowledge of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group, all closed landfills facilities have been included on this schedule. Please note that inclusion of a closed landfill in this schedule should not in any way be construed as a warranty or representation as to the quality, compliance, effectiveness or suitability of the closed facilities and their rehabilitation status. Whilst Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group has made every effort to compile this information accurately and completely, the list of closed landfill facilities included, information and comments in the ‘other considerations' section are not exhaustive, and are provided to generally facilitate the achievement of the objectives of the Environment Protection Act 1970 (Vic). Further information about individual facilities should be sought from the Environment Protection Authority, or (where appropriate) owners or operators of facilities.
TABLE 27. EXPLANATION OF LANDFILL REHABILITATION STATUS
STATUS CRITERIA EXPLANATION
Yet to Commence Rehabilitation Yet to begin process of rehabilitation Rehabilitation Commenced Working to design a rehabilitation plan and undertake rehabilitation activities appropriate to each site Rehabilitation Completed Rehabilitation appropriate to the site and regulation relevant at the time of closure has been completed. No further rehabilitation activities planned or required Landfills that are undergoing a range of activities including: Monitoring of groundwater, surface water, landfill gas, leachate and cap settlement Ongoing Monitoring & Landfill cap maintenance to prevent erosion, restore depressions, seal cracks, restore vegetation Maintenance Leachate control systems (if applicable) Landfill gas-extraction system (if applicable)
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APPENDIX ONE – ABBREVIATIONS & ACRONYMS
ABBREVIATION / ACRONYM DEFINITION
ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics Australian Standard 5377: AS5377 Collection, storage, transport and treatment of end-of-life electrical and electronic equipment AWT Alternative Waste Technologies BAU Business as Usual Best Practice Environmental Management (Siting, design, operation and rehabilitation of landfills – BPEM Best Practice Environmental Management, Publication 788.3, EPA Victoria, 2014) C&D Construction and Demolition C&I Commercial and Industrial CEO Chief Executive Officer CHAF Central Highlands Agribusiness Forum CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation DELWP Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning EfW Energy from Waste EPA Environment Protection Authority Victoria EP Act Environment Protection Act 1970 ERF Emissions Reduction Fund EU European Union Framework Victorian Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Planning Framework FTE Full Time Equivalent GCW WRRG Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group Group / the Group Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group IAP2 Spectrum International Association for Public Participation – Spectrum of Public Participation LGA Local Government Area (Council) Ministerial Guideline: Making, amending and integrating the Statewide Waste and Resource Ministerial Guideline Recovery Infrastructure Plan and Regional Implementation Plans MRF Materials Recovery Facility MSW Municipal Solid Waste NEPM Natural Environment Protection Measure NTCRS National Television and Computer Recycling Scheme PCB Project Control Board PDF / PEF Process Derived Fuels / Process Engineered Fuels PIW Prescribed Industrial Waste PPR Public Place Recycling RDV Regional Development Victoria RDF Refuse Derived Fuels Region Grampians Central West Region
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ABBREVIATION / ACRONYM DEFINITION
Regional Implementation Plan Grampians Central West Implementation Plan RRC Resource Recovery Centre RWRRD Sustainability Victoria’s Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database RWRRIP Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan SEPP State Environment Protection Policies SIW Solid Industrial Waste State Government State Government of Victoria State Infrastructure Plan Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan SV Sustainability Victoria TARG Technical Advisors Reference Group TDF Tyre-derived Fuel TS Transfer Station UTRC Used Tyre Recycling Corporation VIF Victoria in Future 2015 VAGO Victorian Auditor General’s Office VLAA Victorian Litter Action Alliance VRIAS Victorian Recycling Industries Annual Survey WRR Waste and Resource Recovery WRRG Waste and Resource Recovery Group
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APPENDIX TWO – REFERENCES
Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Project Investment Case Study, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Berrybank Farm Investment Case Study, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Bioenergy and Agriculture Case Study Series 1.3, Victorian Government, 2015 Broken windows: the police and neighborhood safety, Kelling, George L.; Wilson, James Q. Atlantic Monthly, 1982 Calculating the Landfill Levy and Recycling Rebates Publication 332.6, EPA Victoria, 2015 Central Highlands Regional Growth Plan, Victorian Government, 2014 City of Ballarat Waste Management Strategy, City of Ballarat 2013 Climate-Ready Victoria Grampians Factsheet, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, 2015 Draft Metropolitan Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan, Metropolitan Waste and Resource Recovery Group, 2015 Environment Protection Act 1970 Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment, Blue Environment, unpublished 2016 Guide to Best Practice at Resource Recovery Centres, Sustainability Victoria, 2009 "Hepburn Hot Trash" Facebook and Instagram Sites Launched Hepburn Shire Council Media Release, Hepburn Shire Council, March 2016 Highlands Regional Waste Management Plan, Maunsell McIntyre Pty Ltd, 1999 Landfill Levy Data, EPA Victoria, 2015, unpublished Managing Landfills, Victorian Auditor-General’s Report, 2014 Ministerial Guideline: Making, amending and integrating the Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan and Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans Regional Waste Management Plan 2007 – 2012, Grampians Regional Waste Management Group, 2009 Review of Council Municipal Waste Services and Waste Management Plan, Pyrenees Shire Council, 2015 Siting, design, operation and rehabilitation of landfills – Best Practice Environmental Management, Publication 788.3, EPA Victoria, 2014 Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015 - 44, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators – Consolidated Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Group Report, Sustainable Resource Use Pty Ltd for Sustainability Victoria, unpublished, 2015 Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators – Grampians Central West Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Group Report, Sustainable Resource Use Pty Ltd for Sustainability Victoria, unpublished, 2015 The Tipping Point, Gladwell, M., 2000 Victoria in Future, Department of Environment, Land, Water and Planning, 2015 Victorian Community and Business Waste Education Strategy, Sustainability Victoria, 2016 Victorian Local Government Annual Survey trend data, Sustainability Victoria, 2015, unpublished Victorian Local Government Annual Waste Services Report 2013-14, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Victorian Market Development Strategy for Recovered Resources, Sustainability Victoria, 2016 Victorian Organics Resource Recovery Strategy, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Victorian Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Database v3; waste and resource recovery data provided by Sustainability Victoria Victoria’s Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Investment Prospectus, Sustainability Victoria, 2015 Waste Management Policy (Siting, Design and Management of Landfills) 2004, EPA Victoria West Wimmera Shire Council Rural Resource Recovery Centres Best Practice Review and Priority Improvements Program, Impact Blue Pty Ltd 2014 Wimmera Southern Mallee Regional Growth Plan, Victorian Government, 2014
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APPENDIX THREE – DATA SOURCES
DATA SOURCE DESCRIPTION
Annual data on materials collected through Council kerbside collection systems and published by SV. All Councils in Victoria participate. The survey provides trending Victorian Local Government Annual Survey data on recyclables, organics, residual waste, hard waste and litter. (VLGAS) The State Infrastructure Plan uses survey data from the financial year 2011/2012, which is available on the SV website at www.sustainability.vic.gov.au Annual data collection measuring tonnages of materials diverted from landfill by major re-processors in Victoria. This is used to measure progress against Victorian Victorian Recycling Industries Annual Survey waste reduction targets, and trends in the recovery of waste materials. (VRIAS) The survey is voluntary and although the return rate is relatively constant, contributors can vary from year to year. VRIAS is available on the SV website at www.sustainability.vic.gov.au EPAs landfill levy returns Unpublished information provided by EPA on a confidential basis. Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) ABS Catalogue Number 3101.0 - Australian Demographic Statistics, Sep 2014 Population Data SV’s disposal-based waste survey, 2009. Victorian Landfill Audits A visual waste audit of eight metropolitan landfills, one regional landfill and one transfer station, covering 2003 separate inbound loads. Victoria in Future (VIF) is the official state government projection of population and Victoria in Future 2015 households SV’s purpose-built database for data storage, analysis and projection to assist Regional Waste and Resource Recovery development of Regional Implementation Plans and alignment with the State Database Infrastructure Plan. Existing capacity, annual throughput and future capacity requirements for consolidation and resource recovery infrastructure have been estimated through the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Capacity and Needs Assessment project. This assessment has been informed by engagement with operators and owners and historical data provided by Sustainability Victoria. Data collected through this process has been presented in aggregated form in this Grampians Central West Infrastructure Capacity document to protect commercial in confidence information. and Needs Assessment Data from facility operators has been used in conjunction with outputs of the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery projection models to provide an assessment of current capacity and future infrastructure capacity requirements. While the best available data has been used, the analysis presented in this plan should be considered indicative only as it is acknowledged that data and information gaps exist. Survey and analysis of regional reprocessors and material recovery facility operators, Data on the activity of reprocessors and material recovery facilities in regional Sustainable Resource Use Pty Ltd for Victoria. Sustainability Victoria, unpublished, 2015
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APPENDIX FOUR – LEGISLATION AND POLICY CONTEXT
Requirements of the Environment Protection Act 1970
Division 2AD – Regional waste and resource recovery implementation plans
50B Preparation of draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) Each Waste and Resource Recovery Group must prepare a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation plan for its waste and resource recovery region. (2) Subject to subsection (3), each Waste and Resource Recovery Group must submit a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan to Sustainability Victoria and to the Authority within 12 months after the State-Wide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan takes effect. (3) A draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan must be submitted by the Metropolitan Waste and Resource Recovery Group within 3 months after the date on which the first State-Wide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan takes effect. (4) The Authority must make any comments within 60 days after receiving a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan.
50BA Objective of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans The objective of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan is to set out how the waste and resource recovery infrastructure needs of a waste and resource recovery region will be met over at least a 10-year period.
50BB Content of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) A Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan must include— (a) A description and analysis of waste and resource recovery infrastructure within its waste and resource recovery region, including a consideration of— (i) environmental and financial performance; and (ii) current infrastructure and anticipated opportunities for providing infrastructure across the waste and resource recovery region; and (iii) the waste and resource recovery infrastructure needs, priorities and preferred locations for the waste and resource recovery region; and (iv) regional transport and land use planning; and (b) a description of how the long-term directions in the State-Wide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan will be implemented to give effect to local and regional infrastructure needs within the waste and resource recovery region; and (c) a schedule of existing and required waste and resource recovery infrastructure within the waste and resource recovery region including— (i) the type, general location and other requirements of new waste and resource recovery infrastructure, other than landfills; and (ii) the timeframe for when new waste and resource recovery infrastructure is needed; and (iii) an identification of steps required to align the schedule with local planning schemes; and (iv) the proposed sequence for the filling of available landfill sites for at least the next 10 years; and (v) a program for replacing and rehabilitating landfill sites; and (vi) the intended or likely date of closure of each landfill site; and (vii) options for future landfill capacity and resource recovery infrastructure; and (d) any matters required by guidelines made under section 50CA. (2) Subject to subsection (3), a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan must be consistent with any policy and any government policies. (3) If a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan is inconsistent with a policy, the policy prevails to the extent of the inconsistency.
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50BC Consultation during preparation of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans Before submitting a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan to Sustainability Victoria and to the Authority under section 50B, a Waste and Resource Recovery Group must consult with— (a) the Secretary of the Department of Environment and Primary Industries; and (b) the Chairman; and (c) the Chairperson of Sustainability Victoria; and (d) the Chairperson of each Waste and Resource Recovery Group; and (e) the chairperson of the Urban Renewal Authority Victoria; and (f) the chief executive of each council within its waste and resource recovery region.
50BD Further preparation of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) On the submission of a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan under section 50B, each Waste and Resource Recovery Group and Sustainability Victoria must work together to integrate the priorities and directions of the Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan and the State- Wide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan and to resolve any differences in the Plans. (2) Each Waste and Resource Recovery Group and Sustainability Victoria are jointly responsible for integrating the Plans for a period of up to 6 months. (3) Sustainability Victoria and each Waste and Resource Recovery Group must— (a) take into account any comments made by the Authority under section 50B(4); and (b) amend the schedule of existing and required waste and resource recovery infrastructure within the draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan if the Authority objects to the inclusion of a proposed landfill on the ground that it is unlikely to meet the requirements of a relevant policy. (4) The integration process in subsections (1) to (3) must comply with any guidelines issued under section 50CA. (5) A Waste and Resource Recovery Group must submit a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan to the Minister for approval— (a) no later than 6 months after submitting a draft to Sustainability Victoria and the Authority under section 50B; and (b) not before either the Authority has provided its comments under section 50B(4) or the 60 days in which the Authority may comment on the Plan have expired. (6) On receiving a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan under subsection (5) the Minister must— (a) approve the Plan; or (b) approve the Plan with amendments; or (c) return the Plan to the relevant Waste and Resource Recovery Group for amendment. (7) If the Minister returns the Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan to a Waste and Resource Recovery Group under subsection (6)(c), the Minister must give directions as to the amendments required to be made to the draft Plan. (8) A Waste and Resource Recovery Group must comply with a direction of the Minister under subsection (7) within 30 days or a longer period specified by the Minister.
50BE Publication of approval of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) The Minister must cause to be published in the Government Gazette a notice of approval of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan. (2) The notice of approval must be published— (a) in the next general edition of the Government Gazette; or (b) in a special edition of the Government Gazette within 10 working days after the approval of the Plan. (3) A Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan takes effect on— (a) the date on which the notice of approval is published in the Government Gazette; or (b) a later date specified in the notice. (4) A Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan remains in force until it is replaced by another Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan.
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50BF Publication of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) A Waste and Resource Recovery Group must publish a copy of its Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan on its Internet site within 7 days of a notice of approval of the Plan being published in the Government Gazette. (2) Sustainability Victoria must publish a copy of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan on its Internet site within 7 days of a notice of approval of the Plan being published in the Government Gazette. (3) A Waste and Resource Recovery Group and Sustainability Victoria must each publish on its Internet site a revised copy of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan within 7 days of a notice of approval of an amendment or variation to the Plan being published in the Government Gazette.
50BG Amendment of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) A Waste and Resource Recovery Group may prepare draft amendments to its Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan at any time, including any schedule of existing and required waste and resource recovery infrastructure within the Plan. (2) The Minister may at any time direct a Waste and Resource Recovery Group to prepare draft amendments to its Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan within a specified period of time. (3) The Minister may at any time make a variation to a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan that is declaratory, machinery or administrative in nature. (4) Sections 50BC, 50BD and 50BE apply to an amendment of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan under subsections (1) and (2) as if the amendment were a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan. (5) Sections 50BD (6) to (8) and 50BE apply to a variation of a Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan under subsection (3) as if the variation were a draft Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan.
50BH Consistency with Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (1) A council must perform its waste management functions consistently with the Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan applying to the council's municipal district. (2) If a council disposes of waste in a waste and resource recovery region other than the waste and resource recovery region in which the council's municipal district is located, the disposal of the waste must be consistent with the Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan applying to the other waste and resource recovery region. (3) Any person involved in the generation, management or transport of waste within a waste and resource recovery region must not do anything in relation to the waste that is inconsistent with the relevant Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan while the waste is in that region.
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Policy Documents
DOCUMENT SUMMARY
The overarching Act for waste management and the environment in Victoria. In August 2014, it was amended to establish the Victorian Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Planning Framework. The framework facilitates strategic planning for waste and resource recovery at both the state and local level for regional communities. The framework, as articulated in section 50CA of the EP Act, is constituted by the following: Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans The Minister for the Environment, Any guidelines made under section 50CA in relation to the Statewide Waste and Resource Environment Protection Act 1970 Recovery Infrastructure Plan and Regional Implementation Plans (EP Act) The formal integration process of the state and regional plans as outlined in section 50BD of the EP Act. Pollution abatement notices (which are issued by the EPA Victoria to direct a person to prevent further pollution or environmental risk by controlling on-site processes and practices) (EPA Victoria 2013c). The preparation and content of Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans are outlined in Division 2AD Section 50B. Stipulates the premises that are subject to and/or exempt from works approval and/or licensing by EPA. Under the EP Act and the EP Premises Regulations, EPA Victoria administers: Works approvals (which are necessary for industrial and waste management activities that could potentially have a significant environmental impact) and appeals against such approvals. EPA Victoria, Environment Protection (Scheduled Premises Licences (which regulate waste acceptance and treatment, air and water discharges, and and Exemptions) Regulations noise and odour, and which are required for scheduled premises). 2007 Research development and demonstration approvals (similar to works approvals, however applicable to projects of a smaller size, timeframe and environmental impact. These approvals could be useful in the development of emerging markets as they may provide an opportunity for trial research projects with approvals that are simpler and at a lower cost than works approvals, are decided in 30 days, provide legal certainty and thereby encourage development of new technologies). Replaced the Environmental Protection (Prescribed Waste) Regulations 1998 (the 1998 Regulations). The 1998 Regulations set out administrative and reporting requirements for businesses in relation to waste (for example exemption applications, permits/certificates for transport of prescribed industrial wastes (PIWs), and annual reporting requirements). The 2009 Regulations increased the responsibility of waste producers, transporters and receivers for waste EPA Victoria, Environment management. The objectives are to: Protection (Industrial Waste Assist industry to implement the principle of the wastes hierarchy. Resource) Regulations 2009 Prescribe requirements for assessing, categorising and classifying industrial waste and PIW. Encourage industry to use industrial waste as a resource by exempting material from categorisation as PIW if a secondary beneficial reuse is established. Establish the requirements for the transport and management of prescribed industrial waste including requirements for the tracking of PIW (Victorian Government 2009). In 2010, the EPA changed the requirements for environmental management of landfills as part of its license reform program and this resulted in clearer identification of the responsibility of license holders and stricter, less flexible requirements as part of the license. The Landfill Best Practice Environmental Management (BPEM) is the guiding document for the management of licensed EPA Victoria, Best Practice landfills in Victoria. The document outlines the requirements of landfill operators in the design, Environmental Management construction, operation and long term rehabilitation of landfill facilities. Two supporting guidelines - Publication – Siting, Design, the Closed Landfill Guidelines 2012 and the Landfills exempt from licensing Guideline 2014 – work Operation and Rehabilitation of with the Landfill BPEM to provide the framework for operators on how to meet best practice Landfills 2015 requirements. The EPA monitor compliance through inspections, annual license performance statements, investigations and audits. The BPEM on its own is not enforceable. It is given legal force through the licence conditions. Compliance with the Landfill BPEM and its amendments in recent years has required the industry to invest in considerable improvements to the development of new landfill cells, and in the management of closed landfills which pose a risk to the community
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DOCUMENT SUMMARY
Provides guidance for industry, government and the community on the EPA’s expectations for energy from waste projects. In particular, the document focuses on the siting, design, construction EPA Victoria, Energy from Waste and operation of such facilities. The guidelines, however, are high level. The document outlines Guidelines how the Environment Protection Act 1970 and associated statutory policies and regulations are applied to the assessment of energy from waste proposals. The guidelines closely mirror the standards set for emissions in the EU opening the door for existing technologies to be considered. Provides information on composting operators’ obligations under laws administered by the EPA and provides suggestions on how to comply. Specifically, it: Provides composting operators with advice on how to design, construct and manage EPA Victoria, Designing, composting facilities in a manner that protects human health and the environment in Victoria. Constructing and Operating Will be used to inform EPA decision making for facilities that require research, design and Composting Facilities demonstration approvals, works approvals and licences. (Composting Guidelines) Will be used by EPA as a guide for how premises could resolve issues of non-compliance. Whilst not explicitly restricting the use of open windrow technology in metropolitan areas, the Composting Guideline does set conditions that suggest only in-vessel processing facilities are acceptable. State environment protection policies (SEPPs) are subordinate legislation made under the provisions of the Act to provide more detailed requirements and guidance for the application of the EPA Victoria, State Environmental Act to Victoria. SEPPs aim to safeguard the environmental values and human activities (beneficial Protection Policy (Control of Noise uses) that need protection in Victoria from the effect of pollution and waste. from Commerce, Industry and The Noise SEPP aims to protect people from the effects of industrial and commercial noise in Trade) neighbouring residential zones. This is particularly relevant in Melbourne and regional urban centres where residential development occurs close to or within the buffer zones of industrial facilities such as waste MRFs and reprocessors. The Air SEPP aims to protect air quality in Victoria and sets goals, monitoring and reporting EPA Victoria, State Environment protocols for six common pollutants: carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), Protection Policy (Ambient Air photochemical oxidants (as ozone), sulphur dioxide (SO2), lead and particles as PM10. The SEPP Quality and Air Quality also includes a separate objective for visibility reducing particles, which is not included in the Management) National Environment Protection Measure (NEPM). This document provides Victoria with the long-term vision and roadmap to guide future planning for waste and resource recovery infrastructure. It describes the current waste and resource recovery system at the state level and models projections for future trends in waste generation, recovery and landfilling over the next 30 years. The goals are: Landfills will only be for receiving and treating waste streams from which all materials that can Sustainability Victoria, Statewide be viably recovered have been extracted Waste and Resource Recovery Materials are made available to the resource recovery market through aggregation and Infrastructure Plan 2015-2044, consolidation of volumes to create viability in recovering valuable resources from waste approved by the Minister for Waste and resource recovery facilities including landfills are established and managed over Environment pursuant to section their lifetime to provide the best economic, community, environment and public health 50AD of the EP Act outcomes for local communities and the state and ensure their impacts are not disproportionately felt across communities. Targeted information provides the evidence base to inform integrated statewide waste and resource recovery infrastructure planning and investment at the state, regional and local levels by industry, Councils, waste and resource recovery groups, government agencies and the broader community. Making, amending and integrating the Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Ministerial Guideline prepared for the purposes of Section 50CA of the EP Act Plan and Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans Currently each Council has a Council Plan, and some have Waste Management Strategies or Council waste management plans Plans that outline its future direction and commitments. Each plan details a number of objectives, and strategies goals and strategies that relate to waste management either directly or indirectly.
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DOCUMENT SUMMARY
Planning and Environment Act 1987 (Vic) Transport Integration Act 2009 (Vic) Local Government Act 1989 In addition to the specific legislative requirements under the EP Act, these Acts need to be Public Administration Act 2004 considered in relation their obligations Financial Management Act 1994 Privacy and Data Protection Act 2014 Competition and Consumer Act 2010 (Cth)
INTEGRATION OF STATE INFRASTRUCTURE PLAN WITH SEVEN REGIONAL IMPLEMENTATION PLANS
ACHIEVING THE STATE INFRASTRUCTURE GOALS
Source: Sustainability Victoria 2015, Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan Victoria 2015 – 44
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PROJECT GOVERNANCE
GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST IMPLEMENTATION PLAN GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
GROUP ROLE The GCWWRRG Board is a statutory agency acting as the Project Control Board (PCB) for the project. The Board will provide feedback and final approval on project plans, engagement plans, budgets and key drafts GCWWRRG Board throughout the process. The Board will monitor the implementation of the project plan and key risks throughout the process. Reports on the progress of the project and key risks will be provided on at least a bi-monthly basis. The Grampians Central West Implementation Plan Working Group is made up of representatives from SV, Grampians Central Council staff, the Grampians Central West WRRG Board and Staff. The group will provide advice and West Implementation feedback on key processes and documents as required. Any major changes or recommendations will be Plan Working Group approved by the Board. A working group made up of Grampians Central West WRRG staff has also been formed to oversee the project planning and delivery. This group includes the Executive Officer, Manager Infrastructure Planning, GCW Project Team Manager Procurement, Community Engagement Coordinator and the Project Support Officer, as well as other staff as required. Representatives of all 12 Council authorities across the region meet quarterly and are consulted and engaged Local Government throughout the development of the regional implementation plan at forum meetings, through meetings with Waste Forum each council and through the Technical Advisors Reference Group (TARG).
EXTERNAL GROUP ROLE The Statewide The Statewide Working Group consists of SV and all Victorian WRRG, DELWP and EPA. The role of this Implementation Plan group is to share information and ensure a consistent approach to Implementation Plan development, which Working Group aligns with the Statewide Infrastructure Plan.
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APPENDIX FIVE – STATEWIDE ENVIRONMENTAL AND FINANCIAL FACTORS
Statewide Summary: Environmental and Financial Factors Influencing the Performance of Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure
Background In May 2015, the Victorian Government commissioned a high level analysis of the economic and environmental factors that impact the performance of Waste and Resource Recovery (WRR) Infrastructure in Victoria. This was a broad assessment that aimed to identify key factors and highlight their potential impact on specific types of waste and resource recovery infrastructure. The analysis was drawn from existing reports and stakeholder consultation.
SUMMARY There are many factors influencing the performance of waste and resource recovery infrastructure, both positively and negatively; which play out in different ways across the state and change over time and infrastructure type, size and location. At a broad level, they are:
Financial and Economic Factors Market Economics The functioning of the WRR market has considerable impact on the performance of infrastructure. Traditional high volume, low value commodity streams typify the industry and have led to business models that are exposed to changes in market conditions. A key factor currently impacting infrastructure performance is the condition of end markets, both locally and internationally. For example, a considerable fall in base metal prices is impacting scrap metal reprocessors in Victoria; and limited local markets for compost impacts organics processing infrastructure. A number of types of infrastructure are heavily reliant on export markets, which can be affected by both commodity prices and international policy decisions. For example, export markets for tyre derived products and mixed low grade plastic and paper have contracted in recent years impacting the performance of related infrastructure types. Increases in transport and operational costs have impacted many types of infrastructure and this is most prevalent in regional and rural Victoria.
Policy Settings Current and potential future policy and regulatory settings impact performance of infrastructure. In Victoria, the policy and regulatory framework has many elements and covers the activities of Councils and private industry. The landfill levy remains the key instrument aimed at driving resource recovery. The current levy supports reprocessing infrastructure for heavy materials (such as concrete, brick and masonry) mainly around urban areas but is not yet considered high enough to drive processing of residual waste. Land use planning controls remains a key factor particularly impacting landfills and organics reprocessing infrastructure. Residential development has reduced the separation distances to some facilities and led to community complaints; and overall the availability of land for waste and resource recovery management activities near urban areas has declined. Potential changes to policy settings such as landfill bans and product stewardship schemes may have significant impacts on the economic performance of some WRR infrastructure.
Industry Trends Performance of infrastructure such as material recovery facilities (MRFs) for commingled waste benefits from strong community support for recycling at the household level. In addition, global trends in technology ranging from truck bodies that improve compaction rates to complex infrastructure for sorting material streams improves efficiency, benefits recovery rates and sale-ability of end products. In Victoria, performance of infrastructure is being impacted by a general decline in manufacturing.
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Environmental Factors Management of emissions and amenity issues A key environmental factor is the management of emissions and the associated amenity impacts on the local community. Odour remains the most prevalent issue, being particularly relevant to landfills and organics processing facilities. Noise and dust remain common factors impacting the performance of reprocessing infrastructure, in particular those facilities processing concrete, brick and masonry. The generation of leachate at many landfill sites contributes to odour issues and the treatment and discharge of leachate is an ongoing challenge.
Compliance and monitoring In light of the ongoing issues with emissions and amenity impacts, a key factor improving the performance of infrastructure is the rigorous compliance and monitoring framework. High risk infrastructure such as landfills and organics processing facilities must be managed in accordance with EPA guidelines such as the guideline for Best practice environmental management – Siting, design, operation and rehabilitation of landfills (Landfill BPEM) and recently released guidelines for Designing, constructing and operating composting facilities. These guidelines require operators to implement a management controls which are monitored through licenses and regular site inspections.
Legacy issues / Post closure rehabilitation of landfill sites A key factor that is impacting the current and future financial and environmental performance of landfill facilities relates to legacy issues from closed or capped landfill cells and the overall rehabilitation of landfill sites. Recent changes to the Landfill BPEM are likely to drive improved environmental performance at current landfills. However, Victoria has a large number of landfills that have been operating for decades and the management of legacy sites, particularly in regional and rural Victoria remains an issue. The provisions for post closure aftercare and rehabilitation are varied and may also impact performance in the long term.
Statewide and regional perspectives A continual theme across the majority of these factors is the considerable differences in the performance of infrastructure in metropolitan Melbourne compared to facilities in regional and rural Victoria. In general terms, performance and indeed operating conditions are more favourable in metropolitan Melbourne where economies of scale drive greater access to material. Large landfill sites in Melbourne perform on average better than their smaller regional and rural counterparts as they are more easily able to absorb compliance and development costs due to the significant volumes of waste managed. Similarly, the dominance of the major reprocessors in Melbourne has led to the closure of a number of regional operators (for example some smaller MRF operators) as the larger players are able to compete on price. This is however not always the case, with a number of regional organisations, including those offering employment to disadvantaged and long term unemployed, operating successfully.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Resource Recovery Transport / Freight Costs Emissions to air, land and water / Amenity Improved transport Current financial factors Centre (RRC) / High costs are particularly an issue for rural and issues efficiencies. (e.g. likely to continue to impact Waste Transfer regional TS. Noise and odour associated with putrescible compaction, larger trucks). performance. Station (TS) Economies of scale waste and onsite processing of organic waste Regional processing at Consolidation of Regional and rural TS / RRC in particular find it can be an issue for facilities close to residential central points using mobile infrastructure may see difficult to aggregate sufficient volumes of low development. processing infrastructure larger, regional facilities value commodities to encourage the market to Stockpiles of some materials, such as timber or may improve outcomes for which improve efficiencies collect and process the material. compost, could be a fire risk if not managed these facilities. and generate economies End markets appropriately. Consolidation of sites and of scale for some Insufficient end markets for materials including Extreme weather / climate change impacts closure of regional landfills materials. timber, polystyrene, mattresses and tyres Many facilities cannot handle significant influxes may improve throughput Emergence of product impacts performance of this infrastructure of material from extreme weather events. and increase cost stewardship schemes for Movement of concrete and masonry is an issue Regional and rural facilities are particularly effectiveness. materials such as tyres at some regional and rural facilities. prone to bushfire and flood risk. and mattresses may Sustainability and other benefits of recycling improve conditions for / recovery these commodities. Recovery of materials has an environmental benefit. Materials Conditions of end markets Emissions to air, land and water / Amenity Improve sorting efficiency End market conditions are Recovery Facility Significant falls in commodities prices are issues – Some MRFs have had issues with and quality of end products likely to persist as related (MRF) impacting profitability (e.g. plastics, metals and odour and noise complaints from surrounding (tied to the ability of the to commodities prices. glass) residents. operator to secure MSW However, as commingled Export markets Sustainability and other benefits of recycling contracts and access recycling is a recognised Many commodities being separated at MRFs / recovery – Separation and recovery of capital) core service for most are dependent on export markets which have materials has an environmental benefit. Potential for the Councils the market will contracted in the last few years due to stricter development of a continue to support MRF controls on waste imports. methodology which may operators. Landfill levy allow MRF operators to Business model for MRF The increasing levy rates have been one of a access Emissions operators are likely to number of factors that have driven additional Reduction Fund (ERF). fluctuate as they take on material into MRFs. The levy rate stabilises in Increase volumes of commodity price risk. 2015/16. commingled recyclables by The number of councils Tendering of MSW contracts improving services to the being paid for commingled This factor has significantly impacted regional C&I sector (through recyclables may reduce if MRF operators with contracts being won by Council contracts and the commodity prices remain metropolitan MRFs who are actively seeking commercial collection low. volume to complement existing contracts. market).
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE IMPACTING PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS In Vessel Processing Condition of end markets Emissions to air, land and water Opportunities relate primarily to The outlook for in-vessel of Organics Compost markets are constrained. However, In-vessel organics processing the value and sale-ability of end processors remains good there has been some improvement in recent infrastructure odour management has products. Improvement of with new tenders likely to be years with bulk movement of material occurring improved considerably. However, sites in conditions for end markets offers released. from Melbourne to Gippsland and into N-E built up areas and those that are opportunity for upside, and this Environmental management Victoria. processing food waste can still may be achieved through at these sites is significantly End market conditions are intrinsically linked to experience odour management issues. introduction of new better than open windrow contamination and quality of end products and Compliance and monitoring regime infrastructure and improved alternatives as vessels are products designed for specific uses. The Composting Guidelines detail EPA’s household education. usually enclosed and under Gross contamination from household waste expectations for the management of The potential for compost negative pressure. remains an issue. organic waste in order to meet the State producers to generate credits Increasing landfill costs will Land-use Planning Controls Environment Protection Policies (SEPPs) under the ERF may present new also support diversion of Encroachment can impact the performance of and Regulations. The number of notices opportunities to industry. CSIRO organics, particularly food some existing facilities. issued by EPA has increased in recent is investigating the ability of organics which offers an There is limited suitable land for development of years and the guidelines may be a recycled organics to add carbon opportunity and a challenge. new facilities particularly in built up areas. catalyst for more regular audits and to soil. More advanced technologies Transport / freight costs inspections. This industry is almost entirely for in-vessel processing and There are considerable freight costs associated driven by the tendering of MSW odour treatment may provide with moving recycled organics into agricultural contracts. Introducing new better odour control. This markets. Back-loading is commonly employed to green and/or food waste may create more potential offset this impact. services may present an sites, since reduced impacts Tendering of MSW contracts opportunity. could reduce required buffer Significant volumes of garden, and increasingly The use of food waste and even distances. Open Windrow food organics, are now processed through Emissions to air, land and water prescribed waste streams to The outlook for open Processing of council collection contracts. Management of The performance of open windrow augment processing of garden windrow processing is Organics57 contamination through these contracts remains compositing facilities is considerably organics can increase revenue mixed. It is likely that in a significant challenge. impacted by the generation of odour and for organics processors, coming years there will be Contamination is a cost both at the point of potential leachate contamination of however due to odour issues few if any processors using removal (or disposal for gross contamination) ground and surface water. Managing this is likely only to be feasible this technology in built up and in terms of its impact on the sale-ability of these issues remains a considerable at in-vessel facilities. areas. end products challenge for operators. The economics of scale and Odour is a particular issue for sites near CAPEX required for in- built up urban areas or other sensitive vessel alternatives is uses. prohibitive for many regional Complaints from the community have and rural areas, and as such eroded the social license to operate at it is likely that new open some facilities. windrow processing facilities The presence of physical contamination or covered / enclosed
57 EPA licensing is required when a facility has the capacity to process over 100 tonnes per month or 1,200 tonnes per year. Many organics processing activities occurring at rural landfills, transfer stations and on-farms may not require an EPA license. EPA’s Designing, Constructing and Operating Composting Facilities Guidelines (March 2015) are the appropriate guidelines to inform operators of all composting facilities regardless of whether or not a license is required.
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in feedstock (particularly from MSW composting will emerge to garden organics) is a challenge and its service these areas. removal requires appropriate on-site Regional and rural facilities equipment and management systems. may also be set up to attract Potential movement of weeds/seeds and volumes from Melbourne. other pathogens are an ongoing risk requiring appropriate onsite management. This is of particular risk where material is being composted on or near productive land. Stockpiles of material could be a potential fire risk if not managed appropriately. Material that has not decomposed thoroughly (also known as oversized) and has no end use may have associated environmental and economic risks if not managed with appropriate equipment and systems. Compliance and monitoring regime The Composting Guidelines outline requirements for composting facilities that suggests it will be difficult to manage open windrow facilities in developed areas in the long term.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Wood / Timber Conditions of end markets Emissions to air, land and water / Amenity The key opportunity in this The outlook for the timber Processing There are significant issues in moving low issues area is the emergence of market is linked to two quality, mixed timber in the market, from TS, Timber processing is generally a low impact energy from waste factors: C&D processors and C&I sorting facilities. activity. However, there may be some noise technologies able to utilise The degree to which EfW Some organisations working higher up the value impacts associated with chipping in large woody biomass to technology can utilise both chain (such as pallet repair and resale) are shredders and visual amenity impacts generate power. Some clean and experiencing good conditions. However, associated with stockpiling. small scale facilities are treated/manufactured reduced road development (a major avenue for now operating in timber streams chipped, low value mixed timber) is impacting Melbourne and regional The emergence of road performance with some facilities having Victoria with others in the construction projects (and significant stockpiles. planning phase. other major development Business model However, the technology projects involving The timber processing market is very volume ideally needs to be able to landscaping). dependent with traditionally very low margins on eventually cope with gate fee and end product sales. The lack of end manufactured and treated Without these things, the markets and reluctance in the market to pay to timbers also as these performance outlook looks move timber (instead opting to stockpile and products make up a challenging. wait for cheaper options) is a considerable considerable portion of the factor. timber waste stream and Trends in resource recovery technologies currently have no viable Globally, there are no viable processing options markets other than landfill. for treated timber and manufactured timber. New road projects Whilst some waste to energy facilities are predicted offer an becoming operational it is yet to be seen opportunity for bulk whether air cleaning equipment to allow the movement of recovered thermal treatment of these products is feasible in timber for landscaping. Australia.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE IMPACTING PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Paper / Cardboard Industry trends / Economies of Scale Emissions to air, land and water The opportunity lies in Stricter enforcement on poorly Access to high quantities of clean material is a There are some potential issues with recovering the tonnages of sorted materials entering the key factor. Around two thirds of paper/cardboard odour and trade waste related to material that currently go to Asian economies has had an is generated in the C&I sector and there is paper/cardboard reprocessing. landfill. The majority is impact on mixed low grade paper / strong competition to get access to this material landfilled from the C&I sector cardboard. It is likely that this will to generate economies of scale. Contamination and as such greater diversion continue into the future. is more easily managed in source separated C&I and consolidation remains Markets for well separated office waste and this material is favoured. possible where the business paper remain strong nationally Many companies do not use dedicated case exists. Education and and internationally. cardboard bins which means a significant changes in trends within volume of material is lost to landfill. Tendering of businesses may assist. MSW contracts provides access to the The construction of a new mill remaining third of feedstock. This also dictates in Victoria will increase the whether material is processed in Victoria, other local processing capacity for Australian jurisdictions (mainly NSW) or recycled paper. internationally. Waste to energy is also an Conditions of end markets option for paper/cardboard Paper / cardboard products are separated by that is highly contaminated. their value in terms of end market purchasing. Separated office paper has strong markets, however mixed, low grade paper (e.g. newsprint) does not move as freely on the international market. Glass Market intensity Emissions to air, land and water / The value of glass cullet is The glass cullet market is likely to There is only one manufacturer of glass in Amenity issues dependent on the degree to remain stable in coming years and Victoria who purchases the majority of The key issue associated with glass which it can be separated. The may grow if investment in glass beneficiated glass from MRF operators. processing has been the introduction of improved beneficiation infrastructure Cullet prices have been reduced in recent years management of the undersize fraction technology to sort glass by increases volumes of colour and to compete with international glass imports. (known as “glass fines”). A number of colour down to smaller size sorted material. Reliance on one operator is a potential risk. large stockpiles of material exist to fractions (less than 5mm) The outlook for glass crushing Business models / Condition of end markets the west of Melbourne which impacts offers a considerable infrastructure looks relatively Alternative business models that do not rely on on visual amenity and has in the past opportunity. This can generate positive in light of the increased the sale of cullet but instead use lower capex led to notices being issued due to greater returns however this uptake of some sand replacement investment to crush glass into a sand leachate reaching nearby surface must be weighed up against products, however this is location replacement product have found some difficulty water. An organic sludge can be the significant infrastructure dependent and more work is in finding markets. generated from stockpiled post- costs. required to build a statewide consumer glass. Recent work with Victorian market. water authorities to use glass Off spec glass fines will remain an sand as pipe bedding has ongoing challenge for the industry. improved the markets for this product.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE IMPACTING PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Plastics Industry trends / Condition of end markets Emissions to air, land and water Plastics value is dependent on the The plastics market Victoria has traditionally been a hub for plastics There are some potential emissions degree to which it can be separated outlook is varied. The reprocessing, however the downturn in manufacturing impacts (mainly air) associated with by type. Clean, well separated local reprocessing conditions and closure of many manufacturing recycling plastics however most are plastics can generate strong prices. industry appears to be operations has significantly impacted plastics managed well. Improved technology to sort plastics contracting and may reprocessors. Sustainability and other benefits by type offers a considerable market continue to do so There are limited local end markets leading to of recycling / recovery opportunity. This can generate based on local reprocessors sending material offshore. There are considerable benefits greater returns) however must be manufacturing decline. Cost of labour / capex from recycling plastics (mainly weighed up against the significant Export of material will Increasing energy costs are impacting plastics relating to offsets in energy and oil infrastructure costs. continue to increase as reprocessing. consumption), however studies an option for recovered Export market strength suggest there is a net cost plastics and if MRF Movement of mixed plastics and low grade plastics has associated with water usage. operators commence been constrained by increased border scrutiny of waste collecting flexible coming into Asian ports. plastics there may be Consumer trends more pressure put on The trend toward flexible, multilayered plastics, export of low value especially in food packaging. This material increases materials. the shelf life of fresh products but currently not recyclable in Australia. Rubber (incl. Tyres) Conditions of end markets Emissions to air, land and water / The price differential between local The long term outlook Local recycling of end-of-life tyres has contracted by Amenity issues markets for high quality tyre crumb for reprocessors of end around half in the past 5 years. This is due in part to Stockpiling of material for and international markets for of life tyres is good. limited local options for tyre derived products and reprocessing or illegal storage shredded TDF is considerable. Whilst However, the short to cheaper offshore options for tyre derived fuel (TDF). constitutes significant risk for tyre the processing costs to produce medium term Export Market Strength / Transport/Freight costs reprocessing infrastructure in crumb rubber are considerably conditions within the Around 75% of processed end of life tyres are sent terms of potential fire and the greater, the margins can be large market indicates that offshore as TDF. This market has contracted associated impacts on air and enough to warrant this investment. the current pressures significantly in 2015 after the closure of thermal plants water. Recent changes in This is dependent on demand for high on local and in Malaysia and a tightening of import requirements in legislation have been made to quality crumb rubber which is international markets some Asian countries. This has led to many smaller prevent this occurring. currently limited in in Australia. will persist. processors and collectors of tyres going out of A significant proportion of tyres Improving local markets is a focus of business. are exported for use as fuel in the newly formed Tyre Stewardship Policy and Regulatory Framework thermal processing facilities Australia (TSA). The combination of The lack of strong regulation to limit tyre stockpiling has around the world. Adequate tighter regulation and the TSA had a considerable impact on tyre reprocessing environmental management accreditation scheme offers the infrastructure. This has driven poor practices and standards of destination countries industry an opportunity to build local allowed the market to undercut more legitimate are an important consideration. markets and increase the sale of high recycling operations. The introduction of regulations for quality products, in turn reducing the the management of end of life tyres is likely to improve focus on low value exports. the economic performance of infrastructure.
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KEY ENVIRONMENTAL INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – FACTORS IMPACTING OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS PERFORMANCE Metals Conditions of end markets Emissions to air, land and There are opportunities for greater Most analysts are predicting The slowdown in global construction has seen the water consolidation of material in regional ongoing softness in commodities price of scrap metal (base metals such as scrap Noise issues associated with Victoria to improve economics of prices into the future. It may well be steel) fall more than 30% in the past 4 years which both scrap metal yards and scale. the case that current prices for base has significantly impacted performance of centralised processing Potential opportunities for operators metals are the “new normal” as infrastructure. However, it should be noted that facilities (shredders mainly) to reduce operational costs through opposed to a temporary low price. some non-ferrous metals are fetching record have been noted within the reduced power consumption (or The major metals reprocessors are prices and as such this market is considerably industry. onsite alternative fuel generation) likely to continue to operate under stronger at present. The disposal of shredder floc and also through increased these conditions as they can set the Economies of scale is limited to one licensed recovery of shredder floc. price (effectively the recovery of The low price of scrap metals is leading to landfill and the presence of There are options for processing metals remains cost effective as operators “hedging” through stockpiling as they oils and PCBs in the material shredder floc using pyrolysis or long as it’s cheaper than landfilling) wait for higher prices. This is also because many offers some potential gasification, however at this stage it and manage operational costs more metals collectors are requiring greater volumes of environmental risk. is likely not to be cost effective to easily than small and mid-tier material to justify transport expenses. The vast majority of metals invest in such infrastructure. players. Cost of labour / capex costs are brought to Melbourne for Ongoing increases in power and The outlook for non-ferrous metals The recycling of scrap steel into steel billet is an processing from across the waste disposal charges may reprocessors looks more positive energy intensive process and increasing energy state thus greenhouse gas improve the business case for with prices for copper and costs have impacted margins. emissions from transport are investment of this infrastructure. aluminium likely to remain high. Disposal costs associated with the by-products of a factor for consideration. shredding cars and whitegoods to reclaim scrap steel (shredder floc) are increasingly impacting the business. Local reprocessing of non-ferrous metals such as aluminium have also been impacted by energy prices which may see some facilities close in coming years. Aggregate, Government levies Emissions to air, land and There are opportunities for further The C&D industry is intrinsically masonry and An ongoing driver supporting the diversion of water – processing of C&D materials in linked to the construction market soils masonry products is the landfill levy. When Amenity issues associated regional and rural Victoria where which is predicted to increase over combined with increasing operational costs it with noise and dust impact costs and end markets allow. the next 5 years indicating positive makes the business case for recycling heavy the performance of C&D signs for C&D processing materials strong. processing infrastructure. Mobile processing infrastructure to infrastructure. Transport / freight Community concerns have service local construction projects, The uptake of end products for The cost of transport for C&D materials makes it impacted the social license as well as consolidation at regional construction and road development cost prohibitive to recover them beyond around a to operate for a number of hubs could be considered here. projects is favourable with 50km radius to a processing facility. facilities. competitive pricing and work being Policy and Regulatory Framework undertaken by Victoria and NSW to The approval of Solid inert landfills may impact increase the profile of recycled the performance of C&D reprocessing in that area. aggregates.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Textiles (including Condition of end markets Limited environmental issues Given that just 3% of textiles are Work underway within the industry mattresses) There are limited opportunities for recovery with textiles recycling recovered for reprocessing, there to develop a product stewardship and processing of textiles primarily because are opportunities for greater approach may influence recovery of costs are high and the value of end products recovery and investment in mattresses. generally low. Performance of processing improved infrastructure. However, The outlook for textiles recovery is infrastructure is heavily impacted by end the business case remains marginal less clear, it is unlikely the business markets which have declined in line with in most instances. case will improve under current general manufacturing conditions. Energy from waste Capex Costs / Cost of labour infrastructure may become a viable Processing of mattresses in particular is alternative. expensive as it is either heavily automated and requires high capex costs, or is via manual deconstruction which requires high opex/labour costs. Consumer trends The textiles market is almost entirely gate fee driven due to the limited resale value of end products. Consumers are often unwilling to pay the true cost of disposal for these instead opting to use kerbside bulk waste collections or seek lower rates at transfer stations. Business models The industry is strongly driven by throughput and low margins with many processors using lower cost labour alternatives (for example social enterprises) to maintain cost effectiveness. However, small changes in market conditions and high capex costs make the operation marginal and prone to issues.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS E-waste Business models Emissions to air, land and water – Opportunities may exist in Greater volumes of The business case for investment in processing E-waste can contain hazardous components, investment in technology material will flow through infrastructure is dependent on continuous supply such as lead, mercury and arsenic, which, as that increases the the system as a result of: of feedstock from the existing National whole items or as residual waste from e-waste processing efficiency rates The Victorian Television and Computer Recycling Scheme processing can create long-term soil and per kg / hr. Using more Government’s (NTCRS) or, material collected outside of the groundwater contamination issues, and human efficient technology can implementation of an e- scheme. health issues increase processing rates, waste landfill ban and Low volumes of material and high processing These hazardous components can also pose a lower contamination, appropriate supporting costs attribute to export being financially more health and safety risk to workers in the landfill improve material measures. viable and recycling industry separation and yield a The increase in the annual Condition of end markets Sustainability and other benefits of recycling / higher return on NTCRS recycling target for Commodity markets for processed e-waste is a recovery commodity markets. the recovery of televisions global, fluctuating market conditional on supply A range of valuable non-renewable materials, Community interest in and computers to over and demand. such as copper, silver and gold, may be recycling televisions and 65% Opex / Capex costs recovered and made more available for further computers is high. Victorians will be better E-waste processing is labour intensive processing and reuse. Targeted awareness- informed and have greater increasing the cost to process and lowering Less greenhouse gases are emitted through raising and education access to e-waste processing efficiencies. However, where recovery of e-waste than that required to mine, coupled with sufficient collection points. automated processing does exist to increase process and transport raw materials to create infrastructure to meet Processors that recover efficiency rates, it carries a higher power cost new electronic products. demand will help increase material as part of the due to high electricity rates compared to the amount of material NTCRS will have adopted shipping off shore. available for processing. AS5377 standard for Investment in downstream processing of Increasing community collection, storage and components containing high value metals is very access to disposal points processing of e-waste low. for e-waste could be improving the standard Transport / Economies of scale achieved through and safety within which the High transport costs impact cost efficiencies. collaborative processors operate. procurements. A stable and larger supply of feedstock for processors may lead to investment in improved processing technology.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Alternative Waste There are no operational facilities in Victoria, Social licence to operate There are considerable The AWT category takes in Technologies however a number have been recently considered Appropriate and early engagement with the opportunities for a broad array of facilities (AWTs) such as and it is likely that processing of residual waste community is necessary to ensure that facilities processing of C&I waste in and if landfill cost Mechanical using this technology will occur in the future. Key have support. This will be essential as these a dirty MRF facility. There increases and airspace Biological economic factors likely to impact this technology facilities will be largely unknown to the public have been some projects availability decreases then Treatment) includes: Emissions to air, land and water considered by industry that the business case for Landfill levy It is likely that similar issues as those associated have not progressed due facilities may become Investment in AWT infrastructure will be driven with in-vessel composting will be experienced for to capex issues and more viable. almost entirely by the cost of disposal. Where facilities such as MBTs however this is concerns with ability to sell In the organics space, the disposal cost exceeds gate fees for AWT s dependent on the volume and material. For RDF offtakes. Victoria has seen AWT then investment may be encouraged. Currently, example, odour is likely to be a key Climate change and facilities (in- vessel the levy has been stabilised at a rate that is consideration for an MBT processing residual renewable energy composting facilities) to potentially too low for significant sized waste whilst dust and noise management is programs may see credits process organic waste investments to compete. (NB an inadequate more likely a concern for a C&I dirty MRF. become available for successfully implemented. supply of landfill airspace may also be factor certain facilities. Collective tendering of that would likely increase the competitiveness of Smaller scale, onsite residual waste may AWT) facilities may be viable in encourage the market to Tendering of MSW contracts regional/rural settings. take similar steps. Large scale infrastructure requires significant The outlook remains volumes of material that can usually only be positive, however, given achieved through Council contracts. Whilst most the planning time needed facilities will augment MSW volumes with C&I to engage with the waste, securing a base-load via Council community and the contracts is the basis for investment. Collective required approvals, large tendering of contracts to give the market access scale facilities are unlikely to large volumes of material has supported to be operational in the investment in AWT infrastructure in other parts next 5 years. of the world. Condition of end markets The business case for large scale infrastructure is dependent on both an attractive gate fee and end markets for separated materials. Whilst the Victorian conditions for typical commodities are likely to be suitable for this business case, most AWT facilities have some sort of lower value offtake that requires end markets (for example a refuse derived fuel for the residual dry fraction and a compost-like output from anaerobic digestion). Markets for these products are unknown and untested, and export markets may be difficult to access cost effectively.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Energy from Waste Landfill levy – As above Social license to operate Potential for renewable Demonstration plants that (including pyrolysis, Tendering of MSW contracts - As above As above. International experience shows that energy certificates and utilise pyrolysis and gasification and Regulatory / approvals framework even in places where incineration is common, emissions reduction fund gasification technology to anaerobic digestion) As yet, the EfW Guidelines have not been fully poor community engagement has led to projects credits process end of life tyres tested by the market. It is likely that the being rejected. There are significant are currently in operation in approvals framework both within EPA Victoria Emissions to air, land and water opportunities in two key NSW and are showing and the concurrent planning approval will The degree to which this is a factor depends on areas: potential to be dramatically require considerable thought when such a the proposed technology and scale. Air Processing residual waste scaled up or even proposal emerges. scrubbing technology is advanced and the EfW to reclaim energy from deployed at small scale to Capex costs Guidelines use the strict EU Standards as a material destined to landfill process material in The high investment required (even small scale) baseline for air emissions. However, the (i.e. waste streams that regional areas. is a significant factor impacting potential management, treatment and disposal of filter have been processed to Collaborative procurement projects. cake and associated hazardous material may be remove as much recyclate for MSW contracts may End markets an issue and require further treatment at an as is feasible) drive the market to The outputs of EfW infrastructure differ approved facility prior to disposal. Processing difficult examine the feasibility of depending on the technology and feedstock. The management of bottom ash (for combustion material streams where larger scale facilities, End markets across all types are a key factor in plants) also need to be considered carefully existing processing options however it is unlikely that success. For example, the offtake of pyrolysis of may be limited (such as the business case is there tyres is likely to include a low grade diesel and tyres and treated timber) to compete with landfill the sale-ability of such a fuel is unclear The former is likely to be gate fees at the moment. particularly in the light of lower oil prices. years away. The latter can Direct energy is also a key market and the be developed on a much structure of the energy market in Victoria means smaller scale and that wholesale energy prices remain relatively deployed for onsite low yet distribution costs are high. The utilisation of energy which attractiveness of energy offtakes from EfW makes them significantly infrastructure is marginal unless energy, more viable than large particularly heat, can be utilised onsite or at scale facilities that require nearby installations. connection to the grid. EfW facilities can also be designed to promote an integrated system, using MSW base load to drive the business case then bringing in a range of commercial waste steams to improve the return on investment.
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INFRASTRUCTURE KEY ECONOMIC FACTORS IMPACTING KEY ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS IMPACTING FUTURE OUTLOOK – OPPORTUNITIES CATEGORY PERFORMANCE PERFORMANCE 5 YEARS Landfills Capex / Opex costs Emissions to air, land and water The primary opportunities The performance outlook A significant factor (particularly in regional Amenity issues relating to odour and windborne relating to the performance is varied. At least in the areas) is the increase in operational costs litter as well as the management of leachate. of landfill infrastructure are: short term there are a attached to compliance and monitoring Odour complaints can peak from time to time, improving environmental number of regional and requirements, and increased capex costs generally resulting from increased rainfall and management (particularly rural landfills facing associated with cell construction and auditing. poor management practices odour and litter) and significant costs to manage Whilst this is a factor for larger facilities also, Compliance and monitoring regime community engagement. compliance and they have a greater ability to absorb these costs This factor adds complexity and cost to landfill Improving leachate rehabilitation of existing in their ‘per tonne’ pricing due to the significant management but is generally improving management. and past cells. These costs volume of material moving through them. environmental outcomes. Opportunities to improve may drive councils to Regional landfills have expressed concerns The need for suitable financial assurance to economic performance of consider closure and about ongoing financial viability, however there cover the cost of rehabilitation. Suitable landfill infrastructure may consolidation of some is a reluctance to close and consolidate facilities provisions (such as financial assurance) are not include: facilities. as some Councils feel obliged to provide a local being made by some landfill operators. provisioning for aftercare The ongoing focus on landfill for the community. Post closure rehabilitation / Legacy issues and rehabilitation costs compliance and Government levies Whilst the Landfill BPEM is improving the consolidation of smaller enforcement by EPA will The impact of the landfill levy through its ability management of new landfill cells, there are regional and rural landfills continue to drive to drive diversion has had an impact on the ongoing issues with some legacy sites which improved long term improvements in performance of landfill infrastructure over the predate the current standards. planning for cell environmental past decade. Progressive rehabilitation of closed cells development to reduce management and possibly Consumer trends remains a deficiency in the market, again with a construction and design contribute to increased Victoria has an established system for kerbside particular focus on regional and rural landfills. costs operational costs. recycling. Attitudes in the community toward the new provisions to transfer Economic performance at landfilling of valuable materials continue to shift landfill gas projects from larger landfills should and sending material to ‘the tip’ is no longer the former CFI program remain strong as high appropriate in many communities. into the ERF. barriers to entry and Conditions of end markets / Export markets the installation of ‘Pre-sort’ limited options for The inability of some markets to develop infrastructure that can processing residual waste feasible business cases for resource recovery extract recyclables from continues to preserve continues to drive material being sent to landfill the front end of a landfill margins. (e.g. timber, polystyrene and plastics). can improve margins and Land use planning controls preserve airspace, Encroachment of sensitive uses on facilities is a however issues related to significant issue. Residential development has markets for RDF offtakes been approved close to or into buffers for landfill will need to be overcome. facilities impacting the long term viability of a Co- location of resource number of sites. recovery facilities in general at landfills should also be considered.
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APPENDIX SIX – INFRASTRUCTURE SCHEDULING PROCESS
PROCESS ACTIONS TAKEN
Stage 1 – Regional assessment of infrastructure and options: Using information, data and direction provided by the State Infrastructure Plan, combined with additional regional specific information and data as required, WRRGs need to undertake an assessment of current resource recovery and landfill infrastructure and assess the options to manage projected future waste tonnages. The most suitable overall option/s that takes into consideration regional needs and State Infrastructure Plan direction should then be used to develop the infrastructure schedule. The Group in collaboration with Sustainability Victoria, compiled all available data for waste i. Assess the current and managed in the region. This data was assessed by an independent consultant utilising projected projected regional waste population growth and current trends to provide a base line of waste generated in the region under a generation by waste type business as usual scenario. The Group in collaboration with Sustainability Victoria, gathered information from industry and ii. Assess and map the current Councils regarding the infrastructure, materials accepted and capacity of each facility throughout the waste and resource region and fed this information into the state data base. recovery infrastructure The evaluation of each facility capacity was undertaken by an independent consultant to project capacity by type when additional capacity would likely be required. Site locations were identified utilising GIS coordinates to map each facility. A needs and gaps analysis was carried out based on current infrastructure capacity and needs within the region. It was determined that additional capacity for resource recovery was required to meet the needs of the region and reduce material going to landfill. It was determined no additional iii. Assess options to manage landfill airspace was required within the region in the next 10 years. projected wastes to be The Group together with the Barwon South Western WRRG conducted a market sounding process managed seeking information from industry, Councils, and the community in relation to potential new and/or increased infrastructure for resource recovery within the region. The market sounding process also provided an avenue for the industry to review and have input into the list of waste and resource recovery infrastructure which had been compiled at Stage 2.
PROCESS ACTIONS TAKEN Stage 2 – Scheduling resource recovery infrastructure: Based on the outcomes of stage 1, current and new resource recovery infrastructure can be scheduled. Based on the assessment completed in stage 1(iii) the scheduling of current and any additional resource recovery infrastructure is completed. Section 50BB (1)(c)(i) and (ii) of Following completion of the assessment of the EP Act requires that for resource recovery infrastructure, the following is detailed: the existing and proposed infrastructure, the type, general location, other requirements, and timeframe for when new infrastructure is Schedules within the draft Implementation estimated to be required. The schedule should include all infrastructure that is, or is Plan were developed. expected to be, recovering waste that is managed within the region.
PROCESS ACTIONS TAKEN Stage 3 – Scheduling landfill infrastructure: Based on the outcomes of stages 1 and 2, the scheduling of landfill infrastructure can be completed. The projected landfill requirements should be based on the projections of regional waste tonnages to be managed less the tonnages of waste that is expected to be processed by the scheduled resource recovery infrastructure and wastes transferred to another Waste and Resource Recovery Region. Sections 50BB (1)(a) (ii), (iv), (v), (vi) of the EP Act are particularly relevant to scheduling landfill infrastructure. Based on the results of the options assessment in stage 1(iii) and the scheduling of resource i. Assess projected landfill recovery infrastructure at stage 2, an assessment of the landfill tonnages requiring disposal over the disposal next ten years was completed. All current operating landfills have been included in the landfill schedule for the Grampians Central ii. No additional landfill West region. The Group consulted with EPA Victoria and Councils to ensure all facilities with either capacity required Planning Permits or Works Approval to develop a new landfill facility within the Grampians Central West region have been identified. iii. Additional landfill capacity Not Required. The need for additional landfill airspace will be reviewed in three to five years. required
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APPENDIX SEVEN – MAPS
A BASE MAP OF GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
B EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
C HUBS OF STATE IMPORTANCE
D HUBS OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE
E LANDFILL FACILITY – MADDINGLEY BROWN COAL
F LANDFILL FACILITY – SMYTHESDALE LANDFILL
G LANDFILL FACILITY – STATEWIDE WASTE REGIONAL LANDFILL
H LANDFILL FACILITY – DOOEN LANDFILL
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A BASE MAP OF GRAMPIANS CENTRAL WEST REGION
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B EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
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C HUBS OF STATE IMPORTANCE
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D HUBS OF REGIONAL IMPORTANCE
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E LANDFILL FACILITY – MADDINGLEY BROWN COAL
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F LANDFILL FACILITY – SMYTHESDALE LANDFILL
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G LANDFILL FACILITY – STATEWIDE WASTE REGIONAL LANDFILL
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H LANDFILL FACILITY – DOOEN LANDFILL
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APPENDIX EIGHT – COLLABORATION PROCESS AND OUTCOMES
During the development of the plan, the Group has undertaken an extensive consultation program across the region to ensure that all stakeholders have had an opportunity to provide input into the Regional Implementation Plan. This has been done using the 2015 the Victorian Auditor-General's Office (VAGO) Public Consultation Guidelines as a framework for the consultation process. This has involved extensive consultation with all 12 Councils, industry, business, community groups and the provision of information to the community.
The objectives of the consultation on the development of the Implementation Plan is to: 1. Ensure the stakeholders and the community have sufficient opportunity to make comments on the consultation draft of the Regional Implementation Plan. 2. Ensure the consultation process for the draft Regional Implementation Plan is comprehensive and effective, thereby allowing as many stakeholder and community representatives to provide feedback as possible. 3. To ensure that the consultation period continues to foster robust relationships with key stakeholders and the community thereby ensuring there is an ongoing dialogue.
Recommendations identified in the report on public participation in decision-making prepared by VAGO have been considered in the development of our plan and the IAP2 Spectrum of public participation provides the framework for engaging with stakeholders and the community, as demonstrated in Figure 18.
THE IAP2 SPECTRUM
Community Community Project Control Environment GCWWRRG Community Groups group Portfolio Board Groups Councils Councils Councils Councils Councils State Adjacent Forum State State Government WRRGs Waste Industry Government Government Authorities Waste Recovery Waste and Authorities Environment Producers Industry Resource Portfolio Waste Industry Resource Recovery Waste Industry Waste Recovery Industry Waste Technology Industry Producers Providers Resource Resource Recovery Recovery Industry Industry
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As well as consulting Councils, industry and the community, Section 50BC of the EP Act identifies the persons that a WRRG must consult prior to submitting the plan to Sustainability Victoria and EPA:
These include the: Secretary of DELWP Chairperson of EPA Chairperson of SV Chairperson of each WRRG Chairperson of Places Victoria CEO of each Council in the region.
As per Guideline requirements, an outline of the collaboration process and outcomes achieved to be annexed. This could reference collaboration during the development phase, such as participation in the Statewide Regional Implementation Plan working group and workshops, sharing data, collaborative work with other groups, engagement with SV and the EPA and should outline the process during the formal integration period.
The EP Act requires the WRRGs and SV to work together to integrate the priorities and directions of the Regional Implementation Plans and the State Infrastructure Plan and to resolve any differences in the plans. In addition, it is a requirement of this guideline that each WRRG must: work collaboratively with their adjacent groups to ensure that, to the extent practicable, their respective regional implementation plans are consistent, and document in an annexure to the regional implementation plans, an outline of the collaboration process and outcomes achieved.
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APPENDIX NINE – GLOSSARY
TERM EXPLANATION
Airspace The remaining capacity of a landfill. The controlled biological decomposition of organic materials under aerobic (in the presence of Aerobic Composting oxygen) conditions, accomplished in open or enclosed windrows or piles. Biological breakdown by microorganisms of organic matter, in the absence of oxygen, into biogas (a Anaerobic Digestion (AD) mixture of carbon dioxide and methane) and digestate (a nutrient-rich residue). Avoidance The first step in the waste hierarchy. Indicates practices whereby waste generation is circumvented. An optical sorting process used to separate different colours of container glass to produce cullet for Beneficiation reprocessing and mixed fines. A gas generated by breaking down organic matter in the absence of oxygen, such as occurs in Biogas or Syngas landfills. Biogas is typically comprised of 60% methane and 40% carbon dioxide, and can be used as an energy source. Biological material that is not fossilised, including forest and mill residues, agricultural crops and Biomass waste, wood and wood waste, animal waste, livestock operation residues, aquatic plants, fast growing trees and plants. Biosolids are considered to be organic solids derived from sewage treatment processes that are in a state that they can be managed to sustainably utilise their nutrient, soil conditioning, energy, or other Biosolids value (achieve minimum EPA standards for classification as T3 and C2 biosolids). The solids that do not meet these criteria are defined as sewage sludge. Buffer zones, or separation distances, aim to minimise the off-site impacts of sensitive land uses arising from unintended, industry generated odour and dust emissions. A buffer zone is an area of land outside the operating area of a facility that is set aside to maintain Buffer zone an adequate distance between the facility and sensitive land uses (such as residential development) so those uses are not adversely affected by noise, odour or dust. The land may or may not be owned by the facility owner. Category C contaminated soil Refer to Prescribed waste and prescribed industrial waste (PIW) Collection system System for collecting materials from the kerbside, including bin type and collection frequency. Materials combined generally for the purposes of collection, mainly through municipal collection services. Includes plastic bottles, other plastics, paper, glass and metal containers. Commingled Comingled recyclables recyclable materials require sorting after collection before they can be recycled. Can also be called commingled materials. Solid inert waste generated from trade, commercial and industrial activities including the government Commercial & Industrial (C&I) sector. It includes waste from offices, manufacturing, factories, schools, universities, state and waste government operations and small to medium enterprises e.g. food waste. The process whereby organic materials are microbiologically transformed under controlled aerobic Composting conditions to create a pasteurised and stabilised organic product for application to land. Construction & Demolition (C&D) Solid inert waste generated from residential and commercial construction and demolition activities waste e.g. bricks and concrete. Material that has no harmful effects on the environment. This material is a natural soil material and Clean fill does not contain any chemicals or other materials such as concrete rubble. Also called fill material Landfill that is no longer accepting waste. If a licenced landfill, it should have received a post closure Closed landfill pollution abatement notice (PAN) from the EPA. If exempt from licencing, there should be reassurance that the closure process has commenced or is in place. Sorted glass feedstock resulting from the beneficiation process of mixed container glass. Generally, Cullet consists of sorted streams of amber, flint and green glass of particle size greater that 5-10 mm depending on the capacity of the beneficiation plant. Current capacity of infrastructure Estimate of the installed capacity of an existing facility or infrastructure type. The layer of compressed soil or earth which is laid on top of a day’s deposition of waste on an Daily cover operational landfill site. The cover helps prevent interaction between waste and air, reducing odours and creating a firm base for vehicles to work on. Delamination The process of splitting a composite material into its component parts e.g. Laminated glass. Department of Environment, A Victorian government department providing policy planning, preparation of legislative Land, Water and Planning amendments, leadership coordination and oversight of the environment portfolio. (DELWP)
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TERM EXPLANATION
Digestate A nutrient-rich residue remaining after the anaerobic digestion of a biodegradable feedstock. A facility where households can drop-off selected materials and household items for recycling and Drop-off centre/ site reuse. Also called drop-off facilities. E-waste comprises of electronic equipment with a plug or battery that requires a current to operate E-waste and that has reached end of life. It includes televisions, computers, monitors and whitegoods such as fridges and washing machines. The terms ‘energy recovery from waste’, ‘waste to energy’ or ‘energy from waste’ can be used interchangeably to describe a number of treatment processes and technologies used to generate a Energy from Waste usable form of energy from waste materials. Examples of usable forms of energy include electricity, heat and transport fuels. Environment Protection Authority Established under the auspices of the Environment Protection Act 1970, EPA’s role is to be an Victoria (EPA) effective environmental regulator and an influential authority on environmental impacts. Landfills currently accepting waste for disposal or have recently ceased to accept waste but are yet Existing operating landfill to receive a post closure PAN from the EPA. Feedstock Raw material used to manufacture products. Material varies depending on what is being produced. Fill material See Clean fill. Unsorted sub 5-10 mm glass material left over from the glass beneficiation process. It can contain Fines (Glass) contamination including plastics and small pieces of metals. These fines can be further processed to produce a glass sand product which has a number of potential uses. Food waste from households or industry, including food processing waste, out-of-date or off- Food organics specification food, meat, fruit and vegetable scraps. Excludes liquid wastes. Organics derived from garden sources e.g. grass clippings, tree pruning’s. Also known as green Garden organics organics. Thermal technology that converts material into combustible gases by partial oxidation under the Gasification application of heat, leaving an inert residue. The sum of the state landfill tonnes and state tonnes reprocessed using VRIAS data. Because this Generation tonnages modelling uses landfill data, generation tonnages differ from those in previous drafts of the State infrastructure plan due to no allowance being made for daily cover. Green organics See Garden organics. Gases, including carbon dioxide and methane that trap heat in the earth’s atmosphere, affecting Greenhouse gases weather and climate patterns. The term applied to household garbage that is not usually accepted into kerbside garbage bins by Hard waste councils’ e.g. old fridges and mattresses. Hazardous waste See Prescribed waste and prescribed industrial waste (PIW). The concentration of reprocessing facilities where there is sufficient waste derived feedstock to Hubs support viable reprocessing options. The location of hubs will vary for individual material streams. Illegal dumping is the deliberate and unauthorised dumping, tipping or burying of waste on land that Illegal dumping is not licensed or fit to accept that waste. For the purpose of this document, a site that facilitates the disposal of waste streams through Incinerator incineration without producing another useful end product or capturing value from the waste material. Inert waste is neither chemically nor biologically reactive and will not decompose. Includes glass, Inert waste sand and concrete. Composting technology involving the use of a fully enclosed chamber or vessel in which the composting process is controlled by regulating the rate of mechanical aeration. Aeration assists in In-vessel composting heat removal, temperature control and oxygenation of the mass. Aeration is provided to the chamber by a blower fan which can work in a positive (blowing) and/or negative (sucking) mode. Rate of aeration can be controlled with temperature, oxygen or carbon dioxide feedback signals. Waste collected by local councils from residential properties, including garbage, commingled Kerbside waste/collection recyclables and garden organics, but excluding hard waste. Discharge or deposit of solid wastes onto land that cannot be practically removed from the waste Landfill stream. Landfill BPEM: Best practice Facility management in line with EPA publication in Best Practice Environmental Management – environmental management siting, design, operation and rehabilitation of landfills. An impermeable geo-membrane and/or clay materials with, possibly a further layer of soil placed over the capping. Capping allows greenhouse gases to be captured and creates a ‘dry tomb’, Landfill capping protecting groundwater. (Once a landfill cell is filled, the waste matter must be covered with landfill capping).
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TERM EXPLANATION
A levy applied at differential rates to municipal, C&I and prescribed wastes disposed of at licensed landfills in Victoria. Landfill levies are used solely for the purposes of environment protection and fostering environmentally sustainable use of resources and best practice in waste management. Landfill Levy They fund the activities of WRRGs, SV and EPA, helping to establish waste management infrastructure, industry waste reduction programs, education programs, regulatory controls and enforcement regimes. Levies also provide an incentive to minimise the generation of waste, sending a signal to industry that the government supports efforts to develop alternatives to disposal to landfill. An estimate of the likely year of closure of the landfill based on consideration of modelled tonnage projections and land available under current EPA works approval, planning and permit requirements Landfill likely closure dates and potential void space that may eventuate at a quarry-based landfill site as identified by owners and operators. Tonnes landfill derived from landfill levy data supplied by EPA. Do not include prescribed industrial waste (PIW). There has been no allowance for daily cover which must be considered when Landfill tonnages comparing figures with those earlier drafts of the Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan (state infrastructure plan). Previously landfill figures were adjusted to remove a 15% allowance for daily cover. Leachate Contaminated water that has percolated through or drained from a landfill. Litter Any small, medium or large item placed inappropriately. Materials Recovery Facility A centre for the receipt, sorting and transfer of materials recovered from the waste stream. At a (MRF) MRF, materials are also sorted by type and treatment, which may include cleaning and compression. MBT plants combine mechanical sorting (such as in a MRF) with biological treatment of organic waste to process residual organic waste. This could include technology such as anaerobic digestion Mechanical Biological Treatment to stabilise the material and generate heat and power. Material remaining after further treatment (MBT) plant (often referred to as ‘digestate’) can be added to compost or used as fuel in a thermal waste-to- energy facility. Are emerging as an attractive way forward where the private sector establishes a waste facility with Merchant facilities a variety of waste supply agreements, and therefore accepts waste supply risks. Solid waste generated from municipal and residential activities, and including waste collected by, or Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) on behalf of, a municipal council. In this document, MSW does not refer to waste delivered to municipal disposal sites by commercial operators or waste from municipal demolition projects. Open windrow composting A type of outdoor composting process where organic materials are piled in to windrows and are operation turned for aeration. Optical sorting Technologies used to sort glass by colour type, and plastics by polymer type. Plant or animal matter originating from domestic or industrial sources e.g. grass clippings, tree Organic material prunings and food waste. Pollution abatement notices are issued under section 31A of the Environment Protection Act 1970 Pollution Abatement Notice (EP Act). They aim to prevent further occurrence of pollution or the potential environmental risk (PAN) through installation of risk controls and changes to on-site processes and practices. These wastes are defined in the Environment Protection (Industrial Waste Resource) Regulations Prescribed Waste / 2009. EPA closely regulates these wastes because of their potential adverse impacts on human Prescribed Industrial Waste health and the environment. Prescribed wastes carry special handling, storage, transport and often (PIW) licensing requirements, and attract substantially higher disposal levies than non-prescribed solid wastes. Also known as hazardous waste. Landfills private owned by an entity that generate and deposit waste exclusively from a single source Private (Own Waste) Landfills (arising from their own onsite activities) Also called Process Engineered Fuel (PEF) or Refuse Derived Fuel (RDF) is a fuel produced after basic processing in a MRF or MBT to increase the calorific value and remove recyclable materials Process Derived Fuels (PDF) and contaminants of municipal solid waste, commercial and industrial waste, and construction and demolition waste. Facilities which either receive materials directly from collection systems or from recovery facilities for Processing facilities further sorting and/ or processing to provide material for use in the generation of new products. A concept of shared responsibility by all sectors involved in the manufacture, distribution, use and Product stewardship disposal of products, which seeks to ensure value is recovered from products at the end of life. Recycling facilities found in public areas, such as parks, reserves, transport hubs, shopping centres Public Place Recycling (PPR) and sport and entertainment venues that allow the community to recycle when away from home. Putrescible Waste Waste that readily decomposes, including food waste and organic waste from gardens. Thermal breakdown of waste in the absence of air, to produce char, pyrolysis oil and syngas e.g. the Pyrolysis conversion of wood into charcoal.
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TERM EXPLANATION
Unless stated otherwise, tonnes of materials entering reprocessing facilities. No direct correlation to Recovered tonnages how much was reprocessed as there is no data on tonnes stockpiled by reprocessors or tonnes landfilled by reprocessors. Therefore, referred to as “recovered” rather than “reprocessed”. In the context of the waste hierarchy, recovery means energy recovery, typically via a waste to Recovery energy facility. Recovery Rate(s) Used generally to describe material recovery, that is recycling, and energy recovery. Waste collected separately and sent for recycling. For the purposes of this implementation plan Recyclable Materials incorporates container glass, ferrous and non-ferrous metals, paper, cardboard and garden organics. While this term strictly applies to all materials that may be recycled, in this document the term is Recyclables generally used to refer to the recyclable containers and paper / cardboard component of kerbside waste e.g. it excludes garden organics. Recyclate Raw materials that can be recyclable that is sent to, processed in a waste recycling facility. A term that may be used to cover a wide range of activities, including collection, sorting, Recycling reprocessing and manufacture into new products. Refuse Derived Fuels (RDF) Refer to Process Derived Fuels. Changing the physical structure and properties of a waste material that would otherwise have been Reprocessing sent to landfill to add financial value to the processed material. Without reprocessing, the beneficial use of waste materials would be lost. Reprocessing facilities See Reprocessor. Facility that changes the physical structure and properties of a waste material that would otherwise Reprocessor(s) be sent to landfill to add financial value to the processed material. Without reprocessing the beneficial use of the material would be lost. A centre/ shop that enables the sale and subsequent re-use of good quality, saleable products and Resale centre/ shop materials that were disposed of by their previous owner. Residual material that remains after any source separation or reprocessing activities of recyclable materials or garden organics. Residual waste Waste that is left over after suitable materials have been recovered for reuse and recycling. This generally means the environmental or economic costs of further separating and cleaning the waste are greater than any potential benefit of doing so. The process of obtaining matter or energy from discarded materials. Occurs at resource recovery Resource Recovery centres. Facilities established to receive and/ or recover re-usable and recyclable materials that would Resource Recovery Centre otherwise be destined for disposal. Can be combined with a transfer station and may include resale centres. Recovering value from a discarded resource without processing or remanufacture e.g. garments Re-use sold though opportunity shops are, strictly speaking, a form of re-use, rather than recycling. As a general rule, all of the data is rounded to the nearest thousand. This may result in minor Rounding of data discrepancies between totals and line items. Graphs, charts and modelling were generated using non-rounded data. Any exceptions are referenced. Groupings of industries used to generalise patterns in waste generation and disposal e.g. Sectors, industry sectors construction and demolition, food services including food retail and food manufacturing, small to medium enterprises. Area set aside to maintain an adequate distance between the facility and sensitive land uses such as residential development, so those uses are not adversely affected by noise, odour or dust. The Separation distance land may or may not be owned by the facility owner. Residences and businesses in a rural or industrial zone are not classified as sensitive land uses. Residue directly arising from large scale shredding operations to recover metals. Shredded material Shredder floc includes, but is not limited to, end of life vehicles, white goods, machineries, drums and corrugated material. The concept of a ‘social licence to operate’ has evolved from broader concepts of ‘corporate social responsibility’ and is based on the idea that a business not only needs appropriate government or Social licence to operate regulatory approval but also a ‘social licence’. The social licence is the acceptance that is continually granted to industry and facility operators by the local community or other stakeholders to operate. Solid waste generated from commercial, industrial or trade activities, including waste from factories, offices, schools, universities, state and federal government operations and commercial construction Solid Industrial Waste (SIW) and demolition work. Excludes MSW, wastes that are prescribed under the Environment Protection Act 1970 and quarantine wastes. Non-hazardous, non-prescribed, solid waste materials, ranging from municipal garbage to industrial Solid waste waste.
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TERM EXPLANATION
The practice of segregating materials into discrete material streams prior to collection by, or delivery Source Separation to, processing facilities. The sequence of activities that move materials from waste generators to (and from) hubs e.g. collection, transport and sorting. The length of the spoke and hence the location of the hub for a Spokes particular material stream is influenced by the impact of transport on the margin of return for that particular material stream. Stockpiling Storage of materials. Statutory authority established in October 2005 under the Sustainability Victoria Act 2005 with the key objective of ‘facilitating and promoting environmental sustainability in the use of resources’. SV Sustainability Victoria (SV) works across the areas of energy, waste and water with communities, industries and government applying the best ideas and encouraging action to enable change in environmental practices. A facility allowing the drop-off and consolidation of garbage and a wide range of recyclable Transfer Station materials. Can be combined with a resource recovery centre and may include resale centres. Do not undertake processing activities. Any discarded, rejected, unwanted, surplus or abandoned matter, including where intended for Waste recycling, reprocessing, recovery, purification or sale. Anything that is no longer valued by its owner for use or sale and which is, or will be, discarded. In this document, the term ‘solid waste’ refers to non-hazardous, non-prescribed, solid waste materials ranging from municipal garbage to industrial waste. Waste generation The sum of products and materials that are recycled, recovered for energy or disposed to landfill. A concept promoting waste avoidance ahead of recycling and disposal. Recognised as promoting Waste hierarchy management of waste in the order of preference: avoidance, reduce, reuse recycle and disposal. Waste and Resource Recovery Statutory authorities established under the Environment Protection Act 1970 responsible for Group (WRRG) preparing the Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plan for their region. The planning framework as defined in the amendments to the Environment Protection Act 1970 and including: The Statewide Waste and Resource Recovery Infrastructure Plan (State Infrastructure Plan) Waste and Resource Recovery The seven Regional Waste and Resource Recovery Implementation Plans (Regional Planning Framework Implementation Plans) Relevant Ministerial Guidelines made under section 50CA of the Act The process for integration of the State Infrastructure Plan and Regional Implementation Plans. Applies to those involved in managing waste e.g. collectors, sorters, processors and landfill Waste management industry operators. The concept of, and strategies for, waste generation to be kept to a minimum level in order to reduce Waste minimisation the requirement for waste collection, handling and disposal to landfill. Also referred to as waste avoidance. Waste to Energy Refer to Energy from Waste.
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ARARAT RURAL CITY COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Ararat? The level of service to the customer and community is important The cost of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Data collection needs to be continually improved to provide evidence towards cost effective solutions Ensure solutions are not industry driven but consider social, environmental and financial impact / benefit to Council How does the City deal with organic garden waste in the future?
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Ararat Resource Recovery Centre Seven rural Resource Recovery Centres and Landfill (Hard Waste only)
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Upgrade Ararat Resource Recovery Centre (Transfer Station) facility to accommodate further materials for resource recovery Anticipated closure of the landfill (hard waste) component over the forthcoming years at the seven rural Resource Recovery Centres Investigate the consolidation and rationalisation of some of the rural Resource Recovery Centres and examine the feasibility of a new Resource Recovery Centre (potentially with a neighbouring municipality)
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 5. Work with Councils or Industry and the EPA to progress any rehabilitation assessments and requirements for closed landfills 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Ararat Rural City Council or Staff.
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CENTRAL GOLDFIELDS SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Central Goldfields? Management of garden waste and its continual refinement to produce smaller shredded material to compost better and reduce contamination The cost of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Future development of industrial zoned land at Flagstaff with resource recovery infrastructure (Energy from Waste) and its support of the economy and employment Continuing maintenance and monitoring of rehabilitated closed Carisbrook Landfill
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Carisbrook Transfer Station and Resource Recovery Centre Four rural Resource Recovery Centres
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Development of a proposed energy from waste facility Continual improvement of Council’s four Transfer Station and Resource Recovery Centres including the Carisbrook in- vessel composting facility
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 3. Work with all levels of government and their agencies, Industry and Investors to explore innovative and technological advancements that could inform future infrastructure development and investment 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 5. Work with Councils or Industry and the EPA to progress any rehabilitation assessments and requirements for closed landfills 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Central Goldfields Shire Council or Staff.
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CITY OF BALLARAT
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Ballarat? New Garden waste collection service, implementation, interchange facility and resource re-use Progressing resource recovery industries and technologies as part of the Ballarat West Employment Zone precinct and liaison with surrounding municipalities in consideration of this Planning and development of a new Transfer Station in the Ballarat West Employment Zone and the transition from the existing Gillies Street South facility Management and operations of the of the Smythesdale Landfill located within the Golden Plains Shire Council Ongoing monitoring of closed landfills Stockpile management at private reprocessors
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Ballarat Transfer Station A number or private reprocessors that provide the region with materials resource recovery
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Relocation of existing Ballarat Transfer Station and redevelopment within the Ballarat West Employment Zone. Feasibility and investigations towards and energy from waste facility within the Ballarat West Employment Zone Continual improvement of private reprocessing facilities
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials and from mixed loads of waste 3. Work with all levels of government and their agencies, Industry and Investors to explore innovative and technological advancements that could inform future infrastructure development and investment 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 6. Work with Councils and relevant state planning authorities to site new infrastructure appropriately and protect existing facilities and hubs from encroachment
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the City of Ballarat or Staff.
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GOLDEN PLAINS SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Golden Plains? The level and cost of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Rokewood Transfer Station development, improvement and promotion Illegal dumping Smythesdale Landfill Management by the City of Ballarat Data collection needs to be continually improved to provide evidence towards cost effective solutions Geelong Resource Recovery Facility (Stonehaven) Planning permit and outcome
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Smythesdale Landfill – owned and operated by the City of Ballarat Rokewood Transfer Station Western Gypsum
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Future cell development at Smythesdale Landfill and subsequent capping, monitoring, leachate management, etc. Enhancement of the Rokewood Transfer Station
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 7. Contribute to the development and application of a reliable regional data system to inform waste and resource recovery decisions 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Golden Plains Shire Council or Staff.
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HEPBURN SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Hepburn? New innovations and micro solutions to local waste and resource recovery matters which also support economic development and employment opportunities Continual improvement on Transfer Station and Resale Centres including promotion of Hepburn Hot Trash Facebook page Data collection needs to be continually improved to provide evidence towards cost effective solutions Continue to increase diversion and resource recovery of materials Illegal dumping
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Three Council Transfer Stations and Resale Centres Daylesford MRF Davo’s Worm Farm
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continuous improvement of Transfer Stations and Resale Centres
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 7. Contribute to the development and application of a reliable regional data system to inform waste and resource recovery decisions 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Hepburn Shire Council or Staff.
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HINDMARSH SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Hindmarsh? Solutions for resource recovery in rural and remote communities as those involving transportation and lower volumes may not be viable The cost of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Continual increases in the cost of waste management and resource recovery Management and resource recovery of concrete, garden waste, tyres, scrap metal and hard plastics Distances between rural townships and their transfer stations Solutions to better recover resources and materials from agricultural waste
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Four rural Transfer Stations and three drop-off facilities
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continuous improvement of Transfer Stations and Drop Off facilities
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 7. Contribute to the development and application of a reliable regional data system to inform waste and resource recovery decisions
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Hindmarsh Shire Council or Staff.
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HORSHAM RURAL CITY COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Horsham? For landfill development to be considerate of site specific hydro/geological circumstances and be based on a risk basis rather than generic design and construction methodologies Difficulty in creating and viably maintaining local markets, with social enterprise, for resource recovery as evidenced by MRF closure due to market driving options towards larger contractors and inability for smaller businesses to compete Collaborative procurement and waste related partnerships to ensure the cost of waste and resource recovery is minimised and no detrimental cost implications to the residents and broader community The need for the Council and the industry to be flexible and adaptable towards resource recovery Increased waste diversion and resource recovery solutions that are cost effective for the community For the Council, in partnership with the Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group, to be a strong conduit back to the State Government providing a strong message of the challenges faced in regional and rural Victoria and the vast distances and associated cost involved in transportation of materials
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Dooen Landfill and Horsham Transfer Station and Resource Recovery Centre A number of private reprocessors including Axis Worx
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continual improvement to Horsham Transfer Station and Resource Recovery Centre
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 8. Share information across government on regional infrastructure and market development needs and priorities
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Horsham Rural City Council or Staff.
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MOORABOOL SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Moorabool? Future disposal of materials within the municipality with new or expanding facilities Impact of C&I and C&D waste at existing facilities Road infrastructure around waste and resource recovery facilities Problem materials streams such as tyres and mattresses Illegal Dumping
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Maddingley Brown Coal and Calleja Organics Three Council Transfer Stations
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Expansion of organics processing and C&D waste processing at Calleja as well as cell capping and development at Maddingley Brown Coal Development of Pinegro Composting facility at Mt Wallace Continual improvement of Council Transfer Stations
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 6. Work with Councils and relevant state planning authorities to site new infrastructure appropriately and protect existing facilities and hubs from encroachment
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Moorabool Shire Council or Staff.
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NORTHERN GRAMPIANS SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Northern Grampians? Consolidation of Resource Recovery Centres / Transfer Stations to ensure a viable, cost effective, centralised facility Low volumes of garden waste and difficult to process due to contamination and pathogens Looking for regional solutions to local issues such as joint procurement Closure of St Arnaud Landfill by 2017 and its rehabilitation Long term establishment of a landfill in the reutilisation of the Stawell Goldmine Tyre stockpile reduction and resource recovery operations
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Statewide Waste Regional Landfill Stawell Transfer Station, St Arnaud Transfer Station and Landfill and one rural Transfer Station
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Investigate the consolidation and rationalisation of some of the rural Resource Recovery Centres and examine the feasibility of a new Resource Recovery Centre (potentially with a neighbouring municipality) Urban Tyre Recycling Corporation – Tyre shredding and pyrolysis
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 5. Work with Councils or Industry and the EPA to progress any rehabilitation assessments and requirements for closed landfills
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Northern Grampians Shire Council or Staff.
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PYRENEES SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Pyrenees? The cost of service balanced by the level of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Data collection needs to be continually improved to provide evidenced towards cost effective solutions Continual improvement is required for Council’s Transfer Stations especially the connection of essential services Problem material streams including E-waste, tyres and scrap metal Community education of waste and resource recovery including what can and cannot be recycled Economic development and employment opportunities through use of industrial land and / or collaborative advances
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Four Transfer Stations Beaufort Hospital Bioenergy Plant
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continual upgrade to Council Transfer Stations Potential replication or similar bioenergy plant at specific suitable locations Investigate the partnership of a combined Resource Recovery Centre (potentially with neighbouring municipalities) with specialised services such as organics garden waste receival
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Pyrenees Shire Council or Staff.
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WEST WIMMERA SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to West Wimmera? The cost of service balanced by the level of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Solutions for resource recovery in rural and remote communities as those involving transportation and lower volumes may not be viable. Investigate social enterprises supporting waste and resource recovery and examine use of agricultural materials to produce local solutions. Improved community education on waste and resource recovery Problem material streams such as garden waste, tyres, farm waste and concrete Data collection needs to be continually improved supported by feasibility studies to provide evidence towards cost effective solutions Illegal Dumping
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Seven rural Transfer Stations
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continuous improvement of Kaniva and Edenhope Transfer Stations
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 9. Continue to work with relevant agencies, Councils and Industry on waste and resource recovery education and engagement
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the West Wimmera Shire Council or Staff.
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YARRIAMBIACK SHIRE COUNCIL
What waste and resource recovery topics and challenges are important to Yarriambiack? The future of operational landfills exempt from licencing The cost of service balanced by the level of service to the customer and broader community is critical and cost effective solutions to waste and resource recovery problems must be developed Solutions for resource recovery in rural and remote communities as those involving transportation and lower volumes may not be viable. Investigate social enterprises supporting waste and resource recovery and examine use of agricultural materials to produce local solutions. Looking for regional solutions to local issues such as joint procurement Distances between rural townships and their transfer stations Illegal Dumping
What are the key existing facilities in this municipality? Six Transfer Station and Resource Recovery Centres Four Landfills and Resource Recovery Centres
What facilities are expected to change within the next ten years in this municipality? May include new or expanded facilities or facilities to be closed Continuous improvement of Kaniva and Edenhope Transfer Stations Investigation into the future operations of landfills exempt from licensing and potential closure or variation in activities on site
What are the key Regional Implementation Plan Priority Actions for this Council? 1. Assess and, where viable, support the development of solutions and systems to increase the recovery of priority materials 2. Facilitate the development of regional partnerships to enable efficiencies in resource recovery, materials transport and disposal 4. Work with Councils and Industry to upgrade (and rationalise) infrastructure, improve operations and engage communities 5. Work with Councils or Industry and the EPA to progress any rehabilitation assessments and requirements for closed landfills
This information has been collated by Grampians Central West WRRG. It in no way reflects any policy, intent or proposal of the Yarriambiack Shire Council or Staff.
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Grampians Central West Waste and Resource Recovery Group
P.O. Box 1067 Bakery Hill, Victoria 3354 P: 0409 093 382
For more information or to provide feedback please visit gcwwrrg.vic.gov.au