DOCSLIB.ORG

September 1982

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
September 1982 Septemberl982 vol. vn NO. 9 Department of interior. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Technical Bulletin Endangered Species Program, Washington, D.C. 20240 Eastern States Orchid Listed as Endangered The small whorled pogonia (Isotria light green, elliptic, somewhat pointed was purchased several years ago solely medeoloides), which numbers fewer leaves. The short sepals are up to 2.5 for the purpose of protecting this rare than 500 individual plants in 10 states in cm long and help distinguish the spe- orchid population. the eastern United States and Canada, cies from the other member of the ge- The species is officially listed as an was listed by the Service as Endan- nus, Isotria verticillata, which is more endangered species by State law in gered (F.R. 9^0/82). The continued ex- common and has longer sepals. At ma- Michigan, North Carolina, and Massa- istence of this rare orchid is endangered turity the plants are 9.5-25 cm tall. chusetts, and in the Province of Ontario, by taking of the plants and loss of Isotria medeoloides was originally and the Government of Canada. Official habitat. proposed for listing on June 16, 1976, listing under the 1973 Act, as amended, but was subsequently withdrawn in will provide a means by which various The species was named in 1814 and 1979 in accordance with the listing conservation and recovery actions can was known historically to occur in 48 deadline imposed by the 1978 Amend- be implemented to insure the continued counties in 16 eastern States and Can- ments to the Endangered Species Act. existence of this plant throughout its ada. Today it is known to occur in 15 The Service reproposed the species on range. Michigan, Connecticut, Rhode counties in 10 different States (Illinois, September 11, 1980, basing its propos- Island, North Carolina, and South Maine, Michigan, New Hampshire, New al on sufficient new information which Carolina, all States in the species' Jersey, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, indicated that it is in danger of range, have entered into formal agree- Rhode Island, South Carolina, Virginia) extinction. ments for the protection and conserva- and one county in Ontario, Canada. A total of 38 comments were received tion of plants as provided by Section Two of the 17 known sites are located 6(c)(2) of the Act. About 50 individuals on U.S. Forest Service land; the re- in response to the reproposal, including letters from the Governors of 15 States. of Isotria medeol6ides could be cov- mainder are on privately owned land. ered by the agreements. Over 70 percent of the known plants are All these interested parties and Gover- in Maine. nors supported the proposal to list The U.S. named this species on a Isotria medeoloides as Endangered. provisional list for the Annex to the Con- Critical Habitat has not been deter- The U.S. Forest Service supported vention on Nature Protection and Wild- mined for Isotria medeoloides on the listing the species throughout its histori- life Preservation in the Western Hemi- basis that the disclosure of specific lo- cal range, citing no significant impact of sphere during a conference held in Mar calities would further endanger the or- listing on the 2VA acres of National For- del Plata, Argentina, October 1965. The chid's continued existence, making it est areas in which the species occurs. species was included on Appendix II of vulnerable to taking for noncommercial Comments received from the Governor the Convention on International Trade purposes. This fear is not unfounded— of Michigan indicated that the Michigan in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna today, there are nearly as many, if not Nature Association currently owns the and Flora (CITES) at the original pleni- more, dried specimens of the species in land on which the small whorled potentiary conference in Washington, herbaria than are known to exist in the pogonia occurs in that State. The land D.C. in February and March 1973. wild. Many former localities, some dating back to the late 1800's, have been inad- vertantly lost due to habitat alteration. Based on herbaria label data and recent field checks of these sites, shopping malls, housing developments, and golf courses now mark the localities of his- torical populations. Conservation pro- grams for the species, therefore, must be concerned with the availability of in- formation on specific sites, so that nei- ther inadvertant nor deliberate destruc- tion occurs. The plant can be found in a variety of forest types but is most often associ- ated with relatively open areas in decid- uous hardwoods. The orchid produces one or two yellowish-green flowers (from mid-May in the south to mid-June in the north) above a whorl of five or six This rare orchid ("Isotria medeoloides^ is endangered by taking and habitat loss. ton Department of Game, and carried out by personnel of the Santa Cruz fa- cilities. This is the second hacking at- tempt this year within the Olympia Area; the first was in Oregon (see June 1982 BULLETIN). It is hoped that these birds will survive and eventually establish ter- ritories in the Columbia River Gorge. The peregrine falcon, as a breeding species, has been extirpated in Idaho for about a decade. To help the rees- tablishment of a breeding population in that State, the Service cooperated in a reintroduction project with the Peregrine Fund West (Fort Collins, Colorado), the Idaho Department of Fish and Game, and two private contributors (the Simpiot and Boise Cascade Corpora- tions). Two release sites were estab- Endangered Species Program re- Research Group Lab, were transported lished in Idaho in the summer of 1982. gional staffers have reported the fol- to the Columbia River Gorge on the A total of eight peregrine falcons were lowing activities for the month of Washington side and placed in an artifi- successfully released and fledged from August: cial nest structure (hack box) near a his- these sites. This provides optimism for Region 1—Three peregrine falcon toric eyrie as part of a reintroduction ef- the future of the peregrine falcon recov- (Faico peregrlnus) chicks, bred in cap- fort. The project is being funded by the ery program in Idaho. A minimum of 90 tivity at the Santa Cruz Predatory Bird Service, administered by the Washing- birds will be released in the State during the next 5 to 7 years. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 3, Federal BIdg., Fort Snelling, Forty-nine active peregrine falcon Washington, D.C. 20240 Twin Cities, MM 55111 pairs have been monitored for repro- Robert A. Jantzen, Director (612-725-3500): Harvey Nelson, Re- ductive success in California, and 15 (202-343-4717) gional Director; John S. Popowski, sites were manipulated to improve re- Ronald E. Lambertson Assistant Regional Director; James productive success. Sixty young fledged Associate Director and M. Engel, Endangered Species from these wild nests for an average of Endangered Species Program Manager Specialist. 1.2 young fledged per active pair, al- (202-343-4646) Region 4, Richard B. Russell Federal though 14 of the sites failed to fledge John L. Spinks, Chief, BIdg., 75 Spring St., S.W., Atlanta, GA young. Four young peregrines were Office of Endangered Species 30303 (404-221-3583): James W. cross-fostered to two pairs of non-listed (703-235-2771) Pulliam, Regional Director; John I. prairie falcons (FaIco mexicanus), and Richard Parsons, Chief, Christian, Assistant Regional Direc- 12 young were released at four hack Federal Wiidlife Permit Office tor; Alex B. Montgomery, Endangered sites. This resulted in 76 young pere- (703-235-1937) Species Specialist. grines added to the California wild pop- Clark R. Bavin, Chief, Region 5, Suite 700, One Gateway Cen- ulation in 1982. Almost all young were Division of Law Enforcement ter, Newton Corner, MA 02158 banded prior to fledging. (202-343-9242) (617-965-5100): Howard Larsen, Re- An agency review draft of the TECHNICAL BULLETIN STAFF gional Director; Stephen W. Parry, Macfarlane's Four O'Clock Recovery Clare Senecal Kearney, Editor Assistant Regional Director; Paul Plan has been completed. This plant is Michael Bender, Assistant Editor Nickerson, Endangered Species a member of the Nyctaginaceae or "four (703-235-2407) Specialist. o'clock" family. In Latin, its generic Regional Offices name, Mirabilis means wondrous. This Region 1, Suite 1692, Lloyd 500 BIdg., Region 6, P.O. Box 25486, Denver Fed- species, M. macfarlanei, was named for 500 N.E. Multnomah St., Portland, OR eral Center, Denver, CO 80225 Ed Macfarlane, a boatman on the Snake 97232 (503-231-6118): Richard J. My- (303-234-2209): Galen Buterbaugh, River who pointed out the plant to shak, Regional Director; William F. Regional Director; John D. Greene, Rollins and Constance in 1936. These Shake, Assistant Regional Director, Assistant Regional Director; Don botanists described the species later Sanford R. Wilbur, Endangered Spe- Rodgers, Endangered Species that year. In 1947, Davis, an Idaho bot- cies Specialist. Specialist. anist, discovered it on the Salmon River Region 2, P.O. Box 1306, Albuquerque, Region 7, 1101 E. Tudor Rd., Anchor- in Idaho. Later fruitless searches for Mi- NM 87103 (505-766-2321); Michael J. rabilis led botanists to consider it possi- age, AK 99503 (907-276-3800, ext. Spear, Regional Director; Conrad A. bly extinct. It wasn't until 1978 that a 495): Keith M. Schreiner, Regional Di- Fjetland, Assistant Regional Director; small colony was noted in Hell's Canyon rector; Jon Nelson, Assistant Region- Jack B. Woody, Endangered Species Recreation Area in Oregon. It has since Specialist. al Director; Dennis Money, Endan- been found in three additional localities, gered Species Specialist. including what is thought to be the type U.S.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE
    Guide to the Flora of the Carolinas, Virginia, and Georgia, Working Draft of 17 March 2004 -- LILIACEAE LILIACEAE de Jussieu 1789 (Lily Family) (also see AGAVACEAE, ALLIACEAE, ALSTROEMERIACEAE, AMARYLLIDACEAE, ASPARAGACEAE, COLCHICACEAE, HEMEROCALLIDACEAE, HOSTACEAE, HYACINTHACEAE, HYPOXIDACEAE, MELANTHIACEAE, NARTHECIACEAE, RUSCACEAE, SMILACACEAE, THEMIDACEAE, TOFIELDIACEAE) As here interpreted narrowly, the Liliaceae constitutes about 11 genera and 550 species, of the Northern Hemisphere. There has been much recent investigation and re-interpretation of evidence regarding the upper-level taxonomy of the Liliales, with strong suggestions that the broad Liliaceae recognized by Cronquist (1981) is artificial and polyphyletic. Cronquist (1993) himself concurs, at least to a degree: "we still await a comprehensive reorganization of the lilies into several families more comparable to other recognized families of angiosperms." Dahlgren & Clifford (1982) and Dahlgren, Clifford, & Yeo (1985) synthesized an early phase in the modern revolution of monocot taxonomy. Since then, additional research, especially molecular (Duvall et al. 1993, Chase et al. 1993, Bogler & Simpson 1995, and many others), has strongly validated the general lines (and many details) of Dahlgren's arrangement. The most recent synthesis (Kubitzki 1998a) is followed as the basis for familial and generic taxonomy of the lilies and their relatives (see summary below). References: Angiosperm Phylogeny Group (1998, 2003); Tamura in Kubitzki (1998a). Our “liliaceous” genera (members of orders placed in the Lilianae) are therefore divided as shown below, largely following Kubitzki (1998a) and some more recent molecular analyses. ALISMATALES TOFIELDIACEAE: Pleea, Tofieldia. LILIALES ALSTROEMERIACEAE: Alstroemeria COLCHICACEAE: Colchicum, Uvularia. LILIACEAE: Clintonia, Erythronium, Lilium, Medeola, Prosartes, Streptopus, Tricyrtis, Tulipa. MELANTHIACEAE: Amianthium, Anticlea, Chamaelirium, Helonias, Melanthium, Schoenocaulon, Stenanthium, Veratrum, Toxicoscordion, Trillium, Xerophyllum, Zigadenus.
    [Show full text]
  • Pogonia Subalpina (Orchidaceae): a New Species from Japan
    Bull. Natl. Mus. Nat. Sci., Ser. B, 43(3), pp. 79–86, August 22, 2017 Pogonia subalpina (Orchidaceae): a new species from Japan Tomohisa Yukawa* and Yumi Yamashita Tsukuba Botanical Garden, National Museum of Nature and Science, Amakubo 4–1–1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305–0005, Japan *E-mail: [email protected] (Received 11 May 2017; accepted 28 June 2017) Abstract Pogonia subalpina T. Yukawa & Y. Yamashita (Orchidaceae) is newly described from marshy, subalpine grasslands of central and northern parts in Honshu, Japan. This species is simi- lar to Pogonia japonica Rchb. f. and P. minor (Makino) Makino, but can be distinguished in flower by its short hairy crests on the disk of the labellum mid-lobe, by its glabrous abaxial surface of the labellum, and by its single, broad, purplish pink band along the mid-vein of the petals. Nucleotide sequence divergences among the three entities in the nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS and the plastid trnK 5’ intron regions warrant independent species status of the new entity. Key words : Japan, new species, Orchidaceae, Pogonia, taxonomy. Introduction ica and P. minor has been generally recognised (Yukawa, 2015). However, another entity that The genus Pogonia Juss. is a small orchid does not match morphologically with either of genus in which four species, i.e., P. japonica them was tentatively designated a Japanese name Rchb. f., P. minor (Makino) Makino, P. ophio- “Miyama-tokiso” (Takahashi, 1987). In this study glossoides (L.) Ker Gawl., and P. yunnanensis we evaluate the taxonomic status of this Finet, are currently accepted (Pridgeon et al., neglected entity.
    [Show full text]
  • NJ Native Plants - USDA
    NJ Native Plants - USDA Scientific Name Common Name N/I Family Category National Wetland Indicator Status Thermopsis villosa Aaron's rod N Fabaceae Dicot Rubus depavitus Aberdeen dewberry N Rosaceae Dicot Artemisia absinthium absinthium I Asteraceae Dicot Aplectrum hyemale Adam and Eve N Orchidaceae Monocot FAC-, FACW Yucca filamentosa Adam's needle N Agavaceae Monocot Gentianella quinquefolia agueweed N Gentianaceae Dicot FAC, FACW- Rhamnus alnifolia alderleaf buckthorn N Rhamnaceae Dicot FACU, OBL Medicago sativa alfalfa I Fabaceae Dicot Ranunculus cymbalaria alkali buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot OBL Rubus allegheniensis Allegheny blackberry N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, FACW Hieracium paniculatum Allegheny hawkweed N Asteraceae Dicot Mimulus ringens Allegheny monkeyflower N Scrophulariaceae Dicot OBL Ranunculus allegheniensis Allegheny Mountain buttercup N Ranunculaceae Dicot FACU, FAC Prunus alleghaniensis Allegheny plum N Rosaceae Dicot UPL, NI Amelanchier laevis Allegheny serviceberry N Rosaceae Dicot Hylotelephium telephioides Allegheny stonecrop N Crassulaceae Dicot Adlumia fungosa allegheny vine N Fumariaceae Dicot Centaurea transalpina alpine knapweed N Asteraceae Dicot Potamogeton alpinus alpine pondweed N Potamogetonaceae Monocot OBL Viola labradorica alpine violet N Violaceae Dicot FAC Trifolium hybridum alsike clover I Fabaceae Dicot FACU-, FAC Cornus alternifolia alternateleaf dogwood N Cornaceae Dicot Strophostyles helvola amberique-bean N Fabaceae Dicot Puccinellia americana American alkaligrass N Poaceae Monocot Heuchera americana
    [Show full text]
  • Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria Verticillata) in Canada
    Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series Adopted under Section 44 of SARA Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Canada Large Whorled Pogonia 2017 1 Recommended citation: Environment and Climate Change Canada. 2017. Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Canada. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment and Climate Change Canada, Ottawa. 3 parts, 26 pp. + vi + 19 pp. + 4 pp. For copies of the recovery strategy, or for additional information on species at risk, including the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) Status Reports, residence descriptions, action plans, and other related recovery documents, please visit the Species at Risk (SAR) Public Registry1. Cover illustration: © Thomas G. Barnes @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database Également disponible en français sous le titre « Programme de rétablissement de l’isotrie verticillée (Isotria verticillata) au Canada » © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of Environment and Climate Change, 2017. All rights reserved. ISBN 978-0-660-24325-2 Catalogue no. En3-4/274-2017E-PDF Content (excluding the illustrations) may be used without permission, with appropriate credit to the source. 1 http://sararegistry.gc.ca/default.asp?lang=En&n=24F7211B-1 RECOVERY STRATEGY FOR THE LARGE WHORLED POGONIA (Isotria verticillata) IN CANADA 2017 Under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996), the federal, provincial, and territorial governments agreed to work together on legislation, programs, and policies to protect wildlife species at risk throughout Canada. In the spirit of cooperation of the Accord, the Government of Ontario has given permission to the Government of Canada to adopt the Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Ontario (Part 2) and the Large Whorled Pogonia – Ontario Government Response Statement2 (Part 3) under Section 44 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA).
    [Show full text]
  • Entire Document (PDF)
    Thank you to the following contributors who supported the publication of this book. Ford Motor Company Fund EXPLORE OUROUR NATURALNATURAL WORLDWORLD A BIODIVERSITY ATLAS OF THE LAKE HURON TO LAKE ERIE CORRIDOR EXPLORE OUR NATURAL WORLD A BIODIVERSITY ATLAS OF THE LAKE HURON TO LAKE ERIE CORRIDOR his book is dedicated to all T of the plants and animals that live in this region and the people who have yet to learn about them. Project Designer, Manager and Researcher – Lisa M. Appel Contributing Writers – Lisa M. Appel, Julie A. Craves, Mary Kehoe Smith, Bob Weir and John M. Zawiskie Editors – Mary Kehoe Smith and Bob Weir Graphic Design – Peter Schade/Schade Design, Inc. www.schadedesign.com Funding for this project was provided by the U.S Environmental Protection Agency Great Lakes National Program Office to the Wildlife Habitat Council. LOU TERRY LOU PREFACE In the spring of 2002 we embarked in partnership on the development disrupt their traditional life-styles–life styles development of a Biodiversity Atlas of the Lake Huron to that can offer modern societies many lessons in the Lake Erie Corridor, which has focused on the watersheds management of resources in complex forest, mountain, of the St. Clair River, Lake St. Clair and the Detroit River. and dryland ecosystems. Some are threatened with virtual This activity has resulted in a first – the publication of an extinction by insensitive development over which they have Atlas which documents the natural heritage treasures and the no control. Their traditional rights should be recognized and human resources of this area in which we reside and share they should be given a decisive voice formulating policies about together.
    [Show full text]
  • 44347813008.Pdf
    LANKESTERIANA 16(2): 255–267. 2016. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.15517/lank.v16i2.26010 RECENT ADVANCES ON EVOLUTION OF POLLINATION SYSTEMS AND REPRODUCTIVE BIOLOGY OF VANILLOIDEAE (ORCHIDACEAE) EMERSON R. PANSARIN Departamento de Biologia, Faculdade de Filosofia, Ciências e Letras, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, 14040-901, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil • [email protected] ABSTRACT. Vanilloideae as currently circumscribed comprises nine genera and two tribes: Vanilleae and Pogonieae. The pantropical genus Vanilla has been frequently assumed to be natural on the basis of its climbing habit and lateral inflorescences. However, the inclusion of the rareDictyophyllaria dietschiana in phylogenetic analyses makes the genus Vanilla paraphyletic. Within Pogonieae, phylogenetic analyses show that inclusion of Pogoniopsis turns the tribe paraphyletic. All analyses reveal that Pogoniopsis is closely related to members of Epidendroideae. Members of Pogonieae are pollinated by several groups of solitary and social bees, two pollination systems being recognized: reward-producing and deceptive. Molecular phylogeny suggests that the common ancestor to Pogonieae gave rise to two evolutionary lineages: one tropical with a condition of reward production; and one predominantly temperate-invading line with deceptive flowers. Reward-producing flowers characterize South and Central American clade (= Cleistes), while deceptive pollination is prominent in the clade including North American-Asiatic taxa plus Amazonian Duckeella. Species of “orchid bees” have been recorded as pollinators of the genus Vanilla (V. planifolia group and V. pompona group) in the Neotropics. In species of the V. pompona group, these bees are attracted by the fragrance of the flowers. Hummingbirds have been reported to pollinate some species of Vanilla.
    [Show full text]
  • Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria Verticillata) in Canada
    PROPOSED Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series Adopted under Section 44 of SARA Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Canada Large Whorled Pogonia 2016 1 Recommended citation: Environment Canada. 2016. Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Canada [Proposed]. Species at Risk Act Recovery Strategy Series. Environment Canada, Ottawa. 25 pp. + Annexes. For copies of the recovery strategy, or for additional information on species at risk, including the Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC) Status Reports, residence descriptions, action plans, and other related recovery documents, please visit the Species at Risk (SAR) Public Registry1. Cover illustration: © Thomas G. Barnes @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database Également disponible en français sous le titre « Programme de rétablissement de l’isotrie verticillée (Isotria verticillata) au Canada [Proposition] » © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, represented by the Minister of the Environment, 2016. All rights reserved. ISBN Catalogue no. Content (excluding the illustrations) may be used without permission, with appropriate credit to the source. 1 http://www.registrelep-sararegistry.gc.ca RECOVERY STRATEGY FOR THE LARGE WHORLED POGONIA (Isotria verticillata) IN CANADA 2016 Under the Accord for the Protection of Species at Risk (1996), the federal, provincial, and territorial governments agreed to work together on legislation, programs, and policies to protect wildlife species at risk throughout Canada. In the spirit of cooperation of the Accord, the Government of Ontario has given permission to the Government of Canada to adopt the Recovery Strategy for the Large Whorled Pogonia (Isotria verticillata) in Ontario (Part 2) and the Large Whorled Pogonia – Ontario Government Response Statement2 (Part 3) under Section 44 of the Species at Risk Act (SARA).
    [Show full text]
  • Abstract Introduction Distribution and Plant Communities Botanical And
    Fire Effects Information System (FEIS) orderIsotria medeoloides, small whorled pogonia and Isotria verticillata, large whorled pogonia Abstract Introduction Distribution and plant communities Botanical and ecological Figure 1—Small whorled pogonia. Image courtesy of characteristics Robert H. Mohlenbrock @ USDA-NRCS PLANTS Database / USDA NRCS. 1995. Northeast wetland flora: Field office guide to plant species. Northeast National Fire effects and management Technical Center, Chester, Pennsylvania. Management considerations Appendix References Figure 2—Large whorled pogonia. Creative Commons image by Judy Gallagher. Citation: Fryer, Janet L. 2019. Isotria medeoloides, small whorled pogonia and Isotria verticillata, large whorled pogonia. In: Fire Effects Information System, [Online]. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, Missoula Fire Sciences Laboratory (Producer). Available: www.fs.fed.us/database/feis/plants/forb/isospp/all.html ABSTRACT This Species Review provides information on the ecology and knowledge gaps of two Isotria species: small whorled pogonia (I. medeoloides) and large whorled pogonia (I. verticillata). These orchids are native to the eastern United States. Both are rare and have legal protection status in many states. Small whorled pogonia is Federally Threatened. Both species grow in acidic soils that are typically mesic but range from wet to dry. Plant communities with these species include mixed hardwood and coniferous-deciduous woodlands and forests. Red maple is consistently associated with both Isotria species across their distributions. Detailed site characteristics and plant community associations are discussed for both species. The two Isotria species show considerable differences in their population structures and reproductive efficiencies. Small whorled pogonia is nonclonal (nonrhizomatous), self-pollinated, and rarely produces flowers while large whorled pogonia is clonal (rhizomatous), insect-pollinated, and produces more flowers than small whorled pogonia.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Whorled Pogonia Recovery Plan, US Fish and Wildlife Service
    Small Whorled Pogonia (/satria medea/aides) Recovery Plan FIRST REVISION U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region Five, Newton Corner, Massachusetts SMALL WHORLED POGONIA (Isotria medeoloides) RECOVERY PLAN FIRST REVISION Prepared by Susanna L. von Oettirqen New Erqlard Field Office U.S. Fish aid Wildlife Service ~rd, New Han~shire for 1~ion Five U.S. Fish aid Wildlife Service Newton 0)mer, Massac±xusetts ~roved: .~cI Late: The title page illustration is a xerox of a National Arboretum herbarium specimen collected by O.M. Freeman in May of 1941. The specimen is an historical record for James City County, Wrginia, and is currently housed at the herbarium of the College of William and Ma,’,’, Willamsburg, Wrginia. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Small Whorled Pogonia Revised Recovery Plan Current Status: This rare but widely distributed species is currently known from 86 sites in 15 states and Canada, with a total of approximately 2,600 stems (1991 data). This population level exceeds the number of occurrences known at the time of listing (17 extant sites); however, 13 to 15 sites are known to be extirpated, while as many as 41 sites are considered to be historical. Populations continue to be lost as habitat Is degraded, developed, and otherwise threatened. Isotria medeoloides was listed as endangered on October 12, 1982, and the initial recovery plan was completed in 1985. Recovery actMty to date has generated new site, life history, and population Information. In addition, some level of habitat protection has been achieved for 47 percent of the known sites. Habitat Requirements: The small whorled pogonia occurs on upland sites in mixed-deciduous or mixed- deciduous/coniferous forests that are generally in second- or third-growth successional stages.
    [Show full text]
  • Small Whorled Pogonia & Endangered Species Isotria Medeoloides (Pursh) Ref
    Natural Heritage Small Whorled Pogonia & Endangered Species Isotria medeoloides (Pursh) Ref. Program www.mass.gov/nhesp State Status: Endangered Federal Status: Threatened Massachusetts Division of Fisheries & Wildlife DESCRIPTION: The Small Whorled Pogonia is a slender orchid which grows up to 10 inches tall when flowering and up to 14 inches when fruiting. The stem ends in a whorl of 4 to 6 pale-green elliptic leaves that are 1 to 3.5 inches in length. One or two lime-green flowers (about ¾ in. long) grow from the center of the whorl on short stalks. The flowers are composed of three petals, the lowest of the three having a greenish lip at its tip. Surrounding the petals are three separate, narrow, pale green sepals (outer floral leaves) which grow between 0.5 to 0.75 inches long. Fruiting capsules are erect; the fruit stalk length is approximately equal to that of the capsule (0.7-1.2 in. long). LIFE HISTORY/ECOLOGY: The Small Whorled Pogonia can remain dormant for two years or more, making its reproductive history difficult to study and its age difficult to determine. Growth is initiated by mid- May and flowering by the second week of June. The flowers last for 7 to 10 days. The leaves turn yellow and die in September and seeds are expelled from their capsules after October 15. The buds which indicate the following year’s growth are visible in mid-September. SIMILAR SPECIES: Isotria verticillata, the Large Whorled Orchid, is similar to Isotria medeoloides but can be distinguished from the latter by the shape of the Photo by Jennifer Garret, NHESP sepals.
    [Show full text]
  • A Reassessment of High Quality Natural Communities on Camp Grayling
    A Reassessment of High Quality Natural Communities on Camp Grayling Prepared by: Michael A. Kost and Joshua G. Cohen Michigan Natural Features Inventory P.O Box 30444 Lansing, MI 48909-7944 For: Michigan Department of Military and Veterans Affairs Camp Grayling, MI 49739 June 30, 2005 Report Number 2005-11 Cover photograph: Best Bog on Camp Grayling (M. Kost). EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report presents the results of a reevaluation of 14 natural communities first identified in the early 1990s and discussed in Higman et al. (1994). Several significant changes have occurred since the natural communities were originally documented. Most notably, invasive species present a threat to many of the communities, particularly the mesic sand prairie at the Portage Lake Complex. This site contains a population of the invasive plant, leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula), that threatens to degrade habitat for numerous rare species including Houghton’s goldenrod (Solidago houghtonii), a federally threatened species. Several of the wetlands recently experienced fire, which appears to have bolstered species diversity and habitat heterogeneity in both the wetland and upland habitats. Water levels for many of the wetlands have dropped considerably since first surveyed in the 1990s. This phenomenon is likely the result of regional decreases in water levels tied throughout the Upper Great Lakes Region. Degradation by off road vehicles was observed in two wetlands but was not severe in either, indicating that education, enforcement, and deterrent efforts are having a positive affect. The report contains detailed site summaries and conservation and management recommendations for each natural community with the Results section entitled Site Descriptions and Management Recommendation.
    [Show full text]
  • The Following Is a Preliminary List of the Vascular Plants of New York City with Links to Observations, Specimens and Biological Interactions
    The following is a preliminary list of the vascular plants of New York City with links to observations, specimens and biological interactions. The list includes order; family; scientific name; common name: status in the New York City flora (native or non-native; extant (for natives), naturalized (for nonnatives), waif, historical or pending, frequency (rare, infrequent, frequent); and notes such as New York state legal protection or invasiveness. The coefficient of conservatism (CoC) value is listed for native species. This is a measure of the plant's fidelity to particular habitats, where 0 indicates no fidelity and 10 indicates a strong correlation with a narrow habitat range. The CoC values reported here were assigned by the New York Natural Heritage Program and the New York Flora Association. Lycopodiales Lycopodiaceae Dendrolycopodium obscurum (L.) A. Haines – Flat-Branched Tree-Clubmoss Native (CoC 5); Rare Observations Specimens Interactions Diphasiastrum digitatum (Dill. ex A. Braun) Holub – Southern Ground-Cedar Native (CoC 4); Rare Observations Specimens Interactions Huperzia lucidula (Michx.) Trevis. – Shining Firmoss Native (CoC 5); Historical - Last seen 1900 Observations Specimens Interactions Lycopodiella alopecuroides (L.) Cranfill – Foxtail Bog-Clubmoss Native (CoC 7); Historical - Last seen 1900 Observations Specimens Interactions Lycopodiella appressa (Chapm.) Cranfill – Appressed-Leaved Bog-Clubmoss, Swamp Bog-Clubmoss Native (CoC 7); Historical - Last seen 1941 Observations Specimens Interactions Lycopodiella inundata
    [Show full text]