February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1287 -EXTENSIOINS OF REMARKS REPRESENTATIVE MOORHEAD SUP­ tioned has also been negotiated in a number The problem of alcohollsm is multiplex; PORTS STEELWORKERS' ALCO­ of other agreements. its eventual control demands a multilateral During 1971, the United Steelworkers of approach. To work with the alcoholic is to HOLISM REHABILITATION PRO­ America will be negotiating contracts with realize the complexity and variety of its GRAM Can, Aluminum, Non-ferrous, Basic Steel and causes, and, in too many cases, to experience many fabricating companies. Our negotiating the frustration that comes with the absence committees will seek the following clause or inadequacy of community facllities and HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD into each contract, which reads as follows: services. OF PENNSYLVANIA "Without detracting from the existing rights To admit that this major health problem IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and obligations of the parties recognized in is multiplex and its resolution depends on other provisions of this Agreement, the Com­ multi-dimensional treatment programs, is to Friday, January 29, 1971 pany and the Union agree to cooperate in underscore the necessity for joint labor­ Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, there the development of a sound policy and pro­ management programs. More than this, both cedure at the plant level in encouraging em­ labor and management must relate their has been much attention given in the ployees affiicted with the illness of alcoholism efforts to the broader community. The work news in the past year to the ever-increas­ to undergo a coordinated program directed behavior and job performance of the prob­ ing drug problems in our country. to the objective of their rehabilitation." lem drinker is the immediate concern of This is as it should be. However, in this With all the contracts and programs that labor and management. This is the starting new attack on drug addiction and drug can be agreed upon, there still is the need for point, but their concerns for the alcoholic use, let us not forget that the Nation the improvement of community treatment employee will usually take them into the still has a massive alcoholism problem. facilities. For without the proper facilities community. Both labor and management to help the alcoholic, then all the agreements must be concerned with avallab1lity, accessi­ Alcoholism is an illness. Knowledgeable and programs are meaningless. b111ty and the quality of community treat­ people do not look upon it as anything I think it is about time that labor takes ment facilities, services, and personnel. else. Illnesses should be treated just like a good look at the myth of the so-called Looking back over the past decade we can other diseases by trained physicians in "Six Billion Dollar Industrial Hangover." For view with feelings of deep satisfaction the hospitals. years leading organizations in the field of enormous strides that have been made to see The United Steelworkers of America alcohol behavior that deal in education, pre­ and treat alcoholism as a medical problem. have taken a very enlightened view vention and treatment of alcoholism have A measure of that progress is this very series toward alcoholism. In many of their re­ had the same hang-ups about this so-called of Senate Sub-committee hearings. Twenty­ hangover, and the monies lost due to alcohol­ five years ago the only relationship between cent contracts worked out with industry, related drinking problems in industry. government and alcoholism involved the this union has inserted a clause that If we take a realistic approach to this police and the courts. binds the company and the union into a problem we will find that first labor, then However, despite these advancements, I cooperative plant-level program on al­ the general public pay the high price for this would like to underscore that our biggest coholism rehabilitation. I think the Steel­ so-called hangover. task in the area of employment is to reach workers deserve praise for their progres­ During collective bargaining with a com­ and sensitize the spokesmen of both labor pany, labor uses the fiscal profit as one of and management as to the problem and the sive work in this area. the margins in negotiating a contract for the At this time, I would like to introduce fact that there are things they can do to­ betterment of our members. gether. There have been attempts to estab­ into the RECORD the testimony of William We know that alcoholism is one of the lish programs for the rehabil1tation, or ha­ George, the USWA mental health and cost factors which decreases the profit that billtation o!' the alcoholic by labor and in­ addiction coordinator, presented in is used to negotiate with. This cost includes dustry, and some of these programs are Pittsburgh before the Senate Special absenteeism, tardiness, sick leave, fringe successful today. From our experience, the Subcommittee on Alcoholism and benefits, accidents, inefficiency, poor work success of these alcoholism programs estab­ Narcotics: performance, loss of trained manpower, etc. lished in industry depends upon the per­ This means that the package negotiated is sonalties involved. TESTIMONY OF WILLIAM L. GEORGE smaller due to alcoholism. But it is also true that there are many I sometimes wonder why man has allowed After signing the contract with the Union, more plants and firms without such pro­ himself to reach these complexities of ll!e, in many cases the Company increases the grams. We read about a few case histories in and what motivates him to escape into cost of its product, which is handed down to such magazines as Fortune or a report by the alcoholism, which detracts him from facing the consumer. In reality, instead of calllng National Industrial Conference Board and reality? Is· it his spouse, family, friends or alcoholism an industrial hangover, we should believe that such enlightened policies on al­ pressures brought upon him in his home, on say that alcoholism is an inflationary cost to cohollsm are the rule rather than the ex­ the job or society in itself? I hope someday this nation. ception. It would appear that the opposite is this question may be answered, but as of to­ In one way or another we're going to pay true. Our first job is to convince more firms day the only important question is; what for alcoholism. It can be paid for in dollars to adopt forward-looking policies and pro­ can be done for, or how can we help the and cents, or we can pay for it by working grams. The educational phase of our work is alcoholic and his family? We must not forget together in combating this dreaded illness. far from over. In fact, this must be a con­ that alcoholism is not only an individual ill­ Industry speaks of their financial losses tinuing activity. ness, but is also a family and social sickness. due through alcoholism; and labor speaks of Labor must stand united with manage­ I think one of the answers is to broaden their energies lost through grievance of dis­ ment, and the community in establishing a the public's understanding through the news ciplinary cases, involving those suffering joint program for the prevention and treat­ media and educational programs, and ask for from alcoholism. At a meeting with griev­ ment of alcoholism. Without the total co­ a more sophisticated identity of the alcoholic. ance-men of a large local union, I made a operation of all, I do not see how a success­ The United Steelworkers of America, which statement that 60 percent of all disciplinary ful program can be developed. I repres~nt, regards alcoholism as an 11lness. grievances were caused because of alcohol­ At our last two International Conventions ism, and I was told by the chairman of the The Labor-Management Committee of the (August 1968, in Chicago, Illinois and Sep­ grievance committee that I used a conserva­ National Councll on Alcoholism, of which I tember 1970, in Atlantic City, New Jersey) tive figure. I feel, personally, that the most a.m a member, has developed a Cooperative we had an exhibit booth expressively for the important thing is not the dollars that in­ Labor-Management Approach to Employee education of our members about the illness dustry loses nor is it the energy labor ex­ Alcoholism Programs. This program was de­ of alcoholism and the drug problems facing pends, but what is important is the man who veloped for the pre-treatment phase of alco­ our nation today. is suffering from alcoholism. Alcoholism is a. holism instead of treatment itself. During negotiations in 1968 with the basic disease that may take his life; and not only As we all know with adequate treatment steel companies, an alcoholism clause was does the alcoholic suffer, but those close to facilities, then all that is needed is the mo­ negotiated under safety and health, in most him, his family, his close friends, and his tivation of the alcoholic on problem drinkers basic steel contracts, which reads as follows: community. to treatment, the pre-treatment that I re­ "Without detracting from the existing rights It is here where we must start to establish ferred to in the N.C.A. program. and obligations of the parties recognized in a better understanding so that jointly labor, We feel that Labor and Management can other provisions of this agreement, the Com­ management and community can sit down strive forward with the new N.C.A. program, pany and the Union agree to cooperate at the and establish a workable program that will since this program was developed with the plant level in encouraging employees affiicted not only help rehab111tate or hab111tate those coordination of both leaders of Labor and with alcoholism to enter under a Coordinated suffering from alcoholism, but will also be a Management. Program directed to the objective o~ their re­ stepping stone ~or better communications We need to realize tba.t all the pamphlets, bab111ta.t1on." The clause I have just men- tor all other community problems. guides and conferences cannot substitute !or 1288 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 our own motivation, observation, and ex­ THE DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA HOME Nation's Capital to residents whose in­ perience. There is still much to be learned RULE ISSUE ability to operate a city of this size and about the work situation and alcoholism. complexity has made Washington an in­ If there is one aspect of the trade union movement which has survived several gen­ ternational laughing stock. erations of social, economic and political HON. JOHN R. RARICK We would not be surprised to find that change in this country, it is the maxim that OF LOUISIANA the capitals of certain undeveloped or in unity there is strength. Many of our older IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES emerging nations were regarded as haz­ members are not reluctant to use the term ardous posts by civilized foreign service Friday, January 29, 1971 solidarity, and now many of our new and people. It is a little disturbing to find younger members have come to know the Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, many that our own Capital-the seat of gov­ practical meaning of the word. And it is Americans are aware of a request for this which we have sought to apply to the ernment of the foremost nation in the acceptance of alcoholism as a disease by the home rule for the occupants of Washing­ world-is regarded as a hazardous duty medical and social service communities, ton, D.C., nerve center of the United station by the personnel of many of the with a positive extension of this assessment States. Many are sympathetic because foreign embassies resident here. to our union concept that in numbers and they have been conditioned to so believe It is pointless to recite again the week­ ln a bond of fraternity, difficult objectives by emotional propaganda movements. ly report of armed robberies, assault, and become attainable. The present promotion of home rule other crimes of violence which have oc­ The alcoholic does not share the respect­ for the District of Columbia is generated ful regard for statistics and charts which curred within the city. many of us do in our zeal to depersonalize by two basic forces-the right to vote, It is important for us to take note of the problem as it involves our various sec­ and local self-government. the fact that the so-called government tors of concern. He knows only that he is On the other hand, the only reason of the District of Columbia is obviously faced with a terrible, overpowering burden, for the creation of, and therefore neces­ unable to do anything to reduce this and the worst of this may be the realiza­ sity for, a Federal City, Washington, shameful toll. tion-however without foundation-that he D.C., was as a neutral, nonpolitical sanc­ The recent announcement of a slight is alone. And this we know may be the worst tuary as the seat of our Government Clime drop in the District of Columbia of all negative human experiences. More where Federal representation from every is unimpressive and nonconvincing. than others, he is in need of others. The State and of every political persuasion alcoholic actively requires companionship, There is no decrease in crime, but rather understanding and love of his fellow man. could meet in safety to legislate the laws the victims of crime are not reporting And it is this recognition by our union, and of our Republic. the incidents. The victims have learned the tradition of fraternity which is involved The framers of the Constitution were that reporting crime accomplishes no­ in the trade union perspective which pro­ aware of the threat to republican gov­ thing but to compile statistics for the vides a basis for a unique strength in this ernment which existed in Philadelphia local authorities, while they in turn are area; the knowledge of those affected by this when the Continental Congress was sur­ intimidated and harassed, and the judi­ disease that they are not alone. rounded and imperiled by a mob from cial establishment does not punish the which it was powerless to protect itself. offenders. The Constitution, therefore, provided for No legislator can say that the District LULAC WEEK the creation of a Federal district, the of Columbia is an independent, impartial District of Columbia, over which the community, nor a safe place to work in Congress should have plenary and ex­ the interests of his constituents. Nor is HON. ABRAHAM KAZEN, JR. clusive legislative power. This require­ the District any model city nor is it indi­ OF TEXAS ment was simply to make us masters in cative of a cross-section of the Ameri­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES our own house. The men who wrote our can society since it is overwhelmingly Constitution knew what they were doing. disproportionately out of racial balance. Monday, February 1, 1971 They had seen Congress, sitting where it Washington, D.C., no longer qualifies Mr. KAZEN. Mr. Speaker, I am pleased did not rule, surrounded and besieged as a neutral sanctuary for those about to introduce today a joint resolution by a mob demanding back military pay. the business of our country. which requests and authorizes the Presi­ In the very same sentence our Con­ Therefore, the purpose for it being an dent of the United States to proclaim stitution requires us to "exercise like open city, detached from a State, no February 14-21, 1971, as "LULAC Week." authority over all forts, magazines, ar­ longer exists. This resolution proposes recognition of senals, dockyards, and other needful The pending issues of home rule and the League of United Latin American buildings." voting rights can easily be disposed of Citizens, a nonprofit organization with The framers of the Constitution rec­ by retroceding that portion of Washing­ two major goals. LULAC seeks to relate ognized that the Nation's Capital be­ ton, D.C., back to Maryland from whence the full meaning of citizenship to all longed in the same category as these it came. District of Columbia citizens Americans of Spanish-speaking back­ other essential properties. It serves the will then be able to vote and as a city of grounds, and also to assure to these citi­ people of the Nation, is supported and Maryland will enjoy home rule just as zens full access to the rights of American maintained by the people of the Nation, exercised by the citizens of Maryland, citizenship. and must be controlled and governed by Virginia, and any other State. The organization was founded Febru­ the people of the Nation. The District of I include my bill, H.R. 355, to retrocede ary 17, 1929, in south Texas, and in the Columbia never has been self-support­ a portion of the District of Columbia past 42 years has developed councils in 19 ing, it is not now able to pay its own to the State of Maryland and also in­ States, with important influence in the way, and it never will be able to do so. clude a newsclipping at this point: fields of education, civil rights, man­ It has no more entitlement in logic or H.R. 355 power training, and community action. It in morality to "home rule" than do Fort Be it enacted by the Senate and House of has enabled people of a proud heritage to Polk , Redstone Arsenal, the Brooklyn Representatives of the United States of make economic and social contributions Navy Yard or the Chicago Post Office. America in Congress assembled, That all of to our Nation. Indeed, our country's Learning nothing from the failures of that portion of the District of Columbia ceded headstart program was largely adopted the radicals who made the same mis­ to the United States by the State of Mary­ from a LULAC program in my State takes a hundred years ago, we again ex­ land and not included within the Federal area described in section 3 of this Act, and called The Little School of 400. In as­ periment with "home rule." all the rights and jurisdiction ceded to the sociation with the American GI Forum, Unfortunately, Congress in its wisdom United States by the State of Maryland in LULAC organized Jobs for Progress, Inc., never saw fit to proclaim the District a connection therewith, are hereby retroceded an important and innovative manpower reservation granting residency as a priv- and relinquished to the State o! Maryland program. ilege limited solely to people in Gov­ effective as of the date of the acceptance We in the Congress will do well to hon­ ernment and those having legitimate thereof by the State of Maryland. or the proud past and the promising fu­ business with the agencies of the Gov­ SEc. 2. (a) Nothing in this Act shall be ture of this organization. I am pleased ernment or its facilities. construed to vest in the State of Maryland any property right in any real or personal that the distinguished junior Senator Such shibboleths as "home rule," "de­ property situated in that portion of the Dis­ from Texas, LLOYD BENTSEN, is offering mocracy," and "government by the peo­ trict of Columbia retroceded to the State of this same resolution in the other body. I ple" have caused us to forget this les­ Maryland under the first section of this Act urge prompt action so that the President son and to relinquish step by step our and held by the United States or by any per­ may issue this proclamation. responsibility and authority over the son, except as such property may be trans- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1289 ferred to the State of Maryland by the Unit­ (From the Washington Star, Jan. 28, 1971] Unfortunately, the debate in the other ed States or by such person, as the case D.C. POPULATION 71 PERCENT BLACK, 1970 body has again distinguished itself by its may be. CENSUS FIGURES SHOW indecisiveness and, regrettably, its apparent (b) The jurisdiction of the United States The black population of the District rose sense of hopelessness. Thank God that this body, despite its uninhibited free swinging and of the government of the District of Co­ from 54 to 71 percent between 1960 and 1970, lumbia, and the laws in effect in the District according to prelimiary Census figures. debate, continues to be capable of making of Columbia as of the date of acceptance by clear cut and courageous decisions when In the suburbs, the black population rose our nation's security is at stake. the State of Maryland of the retrocession by more than 80,000, from 6.4 to 7.9 percent. provided for by the first section of this Act, My words today are therefore intended as The rise is small compared to the over-all much for the members of the other body shall remain in full force and effect until the suburban population here, but more substan­ State of Maryland shall provide by law for as they are for you and, perhaps even more tial than increases in other cities throughout importantly, they are intended for the Ameri­ the extension of its jurisdiction and judicial the country. can people. For in the last analysis, it is the system over that portion of the District of The white population in the Dist rict Columbia retroceded to the State of Mary­ American people who stand to lose every­ dropped by 133,427 during the 1960s and grew thing if we fail to discharge our awesome land under the first section of his Act. by 709,287 in the suburbs. The suburban responsibilities in respect to our national de­ (c) The United States shall retain juris­ population growth in the decade was 9 to 1 diction over the real and personal property fense. white. Consideration of the defense budget, con­ held by it, and situated within that portion The over-all suburban population rose from of the District of Columbia retroceded to the trary to what some would have us believe, is 705,670 in 1950 to 2,104,613 in 1970. The Dis­ not a question of assigning relative priorities State of Maryland under the first section of trict's population dropped from 763,956 to this Act, in the same manner and to the between defense and domestic programs. 756,510, but the number of black residents Decisions on the defense budget should be same extent as the United States exercises went from 411,737 to 537,712. jurisdiction over property held by it situated based on the simple quest ion of national survival-and nothing more. within the various States. The issue should be "what is required to SEc. 3. (a) The Federal area referred to in survive?"; and not "how should we allocate the first section fo this Act is more particu­ the national budget between defense and larly described as that portion of the District THE SOVIET THREAT domestic programs?" of Columbia situated within the boundary The final measure of our ability to survive line described as follows: as a nation in a hostile world will not be Beginning on the east side of Rock Creek HON. BARRY M. GOLDWATER, JR. how well we have managed our domestic re­ where it m ~ ets the Potomac River and run­ OF CALIFORNIA sources and domestic programs, but whether ning generally north and east to a point or not we have avoided and frustrated the where P Stre~ Northwest intersects Rock IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES forces of evil Which would draw us into the Creek; Friday, January 29, 1971 crucible of war with the Soviet Union. thence east on P Street Northwest to Flor­ If we fail in that endeavor, we will have ida Avenue; Mr. GOLDWATER. Mr. Speaker, in re­ failed in everything. thence following Florida Avenue to Fif­ cent weeks, we have seen the passing of It is this circumstance which demands that teenth Street Northeast; two great Americans, Congressman L. we maintain a level of strategic and conven­ thence south of Fifteenth Street Northeast Mendel Rivers and Senator Richard Rus­ tional military capability that will ensure to C Street Northeast; sell. Here were two men who realized against a n y misunderstanding by t he leaders thence east on C Street Northeast to the the importance of maintaining a strong in t he Kremlin of our intentions to survive. East Capitol Street Bridge; Regrett ably, the leaders in the Kremlin are national defense at a time when we are now evidently unimpressed by both our mili­ thence east on the East Capitol Street seeing our defense posture come under Bridge to the point where it intersects the t ary capability and our national determina­ middle of the Anacostia River channel; heavy attack. Let me hasten to say that tion to survive. thence generally south and west down the I concur with many of my colleagUes that That our determination to survive is sus­ pect requires no elaboration. The dissident midchannel of the Anacostia River to '~at wasteful Government spending, particu­ point in the channel that is due south of larly in the Department of Defense, must voices in our nation who would destroy the Hains Point; stop. Under the Nixon administration, very iabric of our society are being inter­ preted by the leaders in the Kremlin as the thence due west to the present Virginia­ there have been some great strides made voices of the American people. This fact District of Columbia boundary at the shore­ in this area, but at the same time some together with our evident unwillingness to line of Washington National Airport; politicians, for reasons unknown, have support a defense establishment geared to thence generally north and east up the sought to criticize necessary military pro­ national survival has created a very danger­ Potomac River along the Virginia-District of grams. Therefore, I wish to present the ous atmosphere in which the Soviet Union Columbia boundary to a point parallel to may be tempted into actions which can only the northernmost projection of Theodore words of our late colleague, Mr. Rivers of South Carolina, who had the occa­ ultimately result in a nuclear holocaust. Roosevelt Island; Since t he deterioration of our military ca­ thence east to the confluence of Rock Creek sion to address this distinguished body pability vis-a-vis the Soviet Union is no and the Potomac River. on September 28 of last year regarding secret to the Kremlin, I believe it is high (b) Where the Federal area described in the Soviet threat. I believe it would be time that we tell the American people the subsection (a) is bounded by streets such beneficial for all of us to seriously con­ facts of life. I plan on doing that today. streets shall be under the exclusive jurisdic­ sider his remarks again: First, since we all recognize the vital im­ tion of the Federal City and the Federal THE SOVIET THREAT portance of being a maritime nation, and jurisdiction shall extend to the sidewalks because of our dependence on the free use of the distant side of tpe street. Mr. Speaker: Never before in the 30 years of the seas, let me tell you some sobering SEc. 4. Effective as of the date of the ac­ of my membership in this body have I facts about Soviet naval strength. ceptance by the State of Maryland of the stepped into the well of this House with The Soviet Union is now one of the world's Federal area retroceded to it under this Act, greater concern for the future of this nation. two leading sea powers-and possibly the the State of Maryland shall be entitled to one The fears that I have are those that must leading power. When Admiral Gorshkov as­ Representative in addition to the number be shared by every American regardless of sumed command of the Navy in 1956, it was of Representatives to which it is otherwise his political or social philosophy or his eco­ largely a water-borne adjunct of the ground entitled, until the taking effect of the next nomic status. forces. Today. it is a well balanced modern reapportionment, and such Representative All Americans have been given the blessed force which is equally at home on the high shall be in addition to the membership of and priceless heritage of freedom-a freedom seas as it is in coastal waters. the House of Representatives, as now pre­ which I am convinced is in terrible jeopardy. Soviet naval units now frequent waters scribed by law. Until otherwise provided by My critics, who are legion, will attempt to which only a few years ago were considered the St ate of Maryland, such additional Rep­ dismiss what I say today by categorizing the private preserve of Western naval forces. resentative shall be elected from the Federal them as the shrill cries of a hawk who is It was only in 1964 that the Soviet Navy area retroceded under this Act. Such tem­ suffering the agonies of reduced defense ex­ began continuous deployments in the Medi­ porary increase in the membership shall not penditures. terranean; now, since the Arab-Israeli war operate to either increase or decrease the If this occurs, I will have failed my pur­ of 1967. a flotilla of nuclear submarines and permanent membership of the House of Rep­ pose since I believe that these critics, who missile-armed surface ships have been con­ resent atives as prescribed in the Act of love America no less than I, will, if they tinuously operating there. August 8, 1911 (37 Stat. 13) nor shall such assess my words carefully, find that we not This Mediterranean presence has at times temporary increase affect the basis of ap­ only have a common concern, but a com­ attained a flotilla strength of 65 naval ves­ portionment established by the Act of No­ mon and frightening peril. sels, including submarines and support ships. vember 15, 1941 (55 Stat. 761; 2 U.S.C. 2a), The Congress is now engaged in a great As a consequence, today Soviet naval forces for the Eighty-third Congress and each Con­ and protracted debate over foreign policy constitute a major political and military gress t hereafter. and the defense budget. presence in the Mediterranean. CXVll--82-Part 1 1290 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 This naval presence has also been extended Despite the 47 United States nuclear at­ maintaining a high level of sustained opera­ into the Indian Ocean, and the farthest tack submarines designed and available to tions." reaches of the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans. combat the Soviet submarine threat, the Without revealing information which Soviet submarines and warships equipped latest Soviet nuclear submarines have a sub­ would give aid and comfort to the Soviet with missiles now operate off the coast of merged speed which is significantly higher Union, I also feel compelled to tell this the United States, as well as the Caribbean than anything we previously contemplated or House that not very long ago I was told and off the coast of Africa and Southeast expected. that the combat condition of our cruisers Asia. It is this chilling fact that has compelled and destroyers in the Atlantic Fleet was so The world-wide Soviet naval operation the Committee on Armed Services to insist bad, both from a materiel breakdown and "Ocean" which was conducted during April that we go forward immediately on the con­ personnel shortage viewpoint, that more than of this year involved more than 200 ships struction of the new nuclear-powered 688- half of them were in a condition that would and submarines, and was their announce­ class submarine which we hope will be able have seriously affected their combat cap­ ment to the world that they have developed to cope with this significant and deadly So­ ab111ty. As a matter of fact, some of these and intend to flex their naval muscle simul­ viet capability. However, regardless of how ships could not have engaged in any kind taneously in the four corners of the world. rapidly we proceed on the construction of this of naval confrontation. The Soviet surface fleet now includes two new class of submarines, it will be years be­ I cannot over-emphasize the seriousness of helicopter carriers, about 24 cruisers, 35 fore they become operational in significant this situation. Yet, I know that there are guided missile destroyers, 50 gun-armed de­ numbers, and in the meantime Soviet tech• people in the Congress of the United States stroyers, more than 100 destroyer escorts, nology will undoubtedly strive to maximize who will say "so what?" I can only warn and literally thousands of smaller ships, this almost unbridgeable gap in our defen­ the Members of this House that we are on minesweepers, coastal escorts, support craft, sive response to this Soviet submarine threat. the brink of disaster and I have never before and intelligence collectors. This existing and ever-widening gap in been so concerned in all the years I have The greatest Soviet naval strength is in our defensive capaJbility to meet the SoViet served in the Congress of the United States. its submarine force-the largest ever created submarine threat is simply a current reflec­ We must therefore acknowledge the fact in the history of the world. The fleet pres­ tion of the past unwillingness of defense that our naval vessels are today simply not ently has approximately 360 submarines, 80 of budgeteers to provide for a modern Navy. ca.pa.ble of discharging their war--time mis­ which are nuclear-powered. Practically every surface ship in the Soviet sion requirements if called upon to do so. The new Soviet Polaris-type submarine can fleet has the Styx missile. Now for you who I believe these facts are as close to proof fire 16 'ballistic miss1!les to a range of at J.eas.t don't know what the Styx missile is, let me positive as I can make available to the Ameri­ 1300 miles; at least 13 units of this class tell you a few shocking facts. This is a short­ can people that if we are not already a sec­ are already operational, and these units are range missile which travels at approximately ond-rate naval power, we are perilously close being produced at the rate of 8 to 10 each sonic speed and can be carried on almost to becoming so. year. They are testing a new submarine bal­ the smallest type of naval craft. It has tre­ I needn't emphasize that in a war with the listic missile estimated to have a range of mendous reliability and, most unfortu­ Soviet Union there will be little solace in 3000 miles. This missile will probably be nately, we have little in the way of a reliable being in second place. back fitted into the existing Soviet submarine defense against this type of missile atta~k. As sure as I stand before this House, there fleet. These surface-to-surface missiles enable will be a confrontation in the Mediterranean At the present rate of construction, the small torpedo boats to duel with cruisers between the Soviets and ourselves. They will Soviet fleet of these Y -class ballistic missile and large combatant surface vessels by out­ create the incident to suit their convenience. submarines wm surpass the United States ranging the conventional naval art1llery on And how wm we respond? At the rate we are fleet of 41 Polaris submarines by 1973 or these ships. going now, considering the condition of the 1974. Unfortunately, we again do not have a Sixth Fleet, in fact the entire Atlantic Fleet In addition to the Y -class b.alllstic missile missile of this capability in our own opera­ and the tremendous strides made by the submarine, the Soviet navy has approximate­ tional inventory. Soviet naval forces, we would be forced to ly 40 older ballistic missile submarines which The surface naval vessels of the United back down. Why do I say this? What did we carry three launchers each. States are, as compared to the Soviet Union, do recently when a Russian trawler came Nine of these submarines are nuclear­ if anything, in worse condition than those within 200 yards of the nuclear submarine powered, and are probably targeted against of the undersea fleet. No purpose would be James Madison, off Cape Kennedy? We European or Asian targets, whereas the more served in attempting to detail these defi­ postponed the test launching of a Poseidon modern Y -class missile submarines are, for ciencies except to point out that the Comp­ missile-and this in our own backyard! the most part, targeted against the United troller General of the United States recently Moreover, when we finally made the test States. submitted a secret report to the President launch of the Poseidon missile, the Rus­ The Soviet navy also has about 65 sub­ of the United States and the Congress on sians literally moved into the test area and marines, 35 of which are nuclear powered, the impaired combat readiness of the Navy's attempted to preempt our recovery of im­ equipped with supersonic cruise missiles, Atlantic and Sixth Fleets. portant fragments of the missile launch. some having ranges up to 400 miles. These In that report, the Comptroller General For years the Navy, in particular, has been submarines are designed to attack both naval in commenting on the readiness of these accused of reporting Soviet submarines off and merchant ships. In addition, the Soviet naval vessels stated, and I quote: our coasts just about the time the Defense Union has about 240 other submarines which "Approximately 80% of the major ships Appropriation bill is debated on the Floor. are designed for torpedo attack mission in the Atlantic Fleet are over ten years ol

r •. 1292 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 In 1968, the U.S. spent $14-billion; the Let me hasten to add that these military insurmountable advantage in strategic weap­ USSR $14-billion. pay increases which have been and will onry over the United States before the con­ In 1969, the U.S. spent $14-billion; the continue to be provided by the Congress are clusion of the SALT talks? absolutely necessary. Moreover, additional As a matter of fact, this circumstance alone USSR $15-billion. compensation increases will, in the future, illustrates the cold and calculating master In 1970, the U.S. will have spent $13 to be necessary if we hope to reduce reliance plan of the Soviet Union, who in entering the $14-billion, while the USSR will have spent on the draft, or keep any semblance of a SALT negotiations hope to freeze the United $16 to $17-billion. career force which is absolutely essential States in an inferior position in strategic These figures in the R&D area alone re­ as our weapons systems become more and weaponry. flect Soviet determination to m atch and pass more complex. I pray to God that the American people, the United States in the incorporation of In terms of gross national product, our and the Congress in particular, will soon advanced technology into military hardware. defense budget has gone from 9.7 % in 1968 awaken to these realities and recognize that Despite the increased effort expended by to 7% in 1971, while at the same time the the question confronting us is no longer one the Soviet Union in defense related R&D, domestic parts of our national budget have involving the relative allocation of priorities there has been no corresponding reduction in increased their share of the gross national in spending between defense and domestic the resou rces the Soviet Union has allocated product from 12.8% to well over 13.4 % in programs, but rather the fundamental ques­ towards the R&D effort in the civil industrial the same time-frame. tion of national survival. base. The 7 % portion of the gross national We can not as a nation afford to spend one Thus, contrary to the effort in the United product which is allocated to our national penny less on national defense than that States of reducing the Defense Department's defense represents the smallest allocation amount which is required to ensure that you R&D effort and allocating it to civilian agen­ of our gross national product to national and I, and our children, can convince the So­ cies, the Soviet Union cont inues to fund defense purposes in 20 years. Surely no viets they dare not pull the trigger when a both efforts at progressively increasing levels. American would argue that we can put a Soviet gun is placed against our heads. The significance of the greater R&D effort price tag on the lives of our people. I'd The issue therefore is very simply how being made in the Soviet Union is that tech­ rather be alive at 10 % than dead at 7. much money must we spend to insure our nological advances developed by this greater Now let me summarize for a moment. I survival-since if we fail to demonstrate to R&D effort will only be evident 4, 5, and have outlined to you that our former 5 to the Soviet Union our determination to sur­ 10 years from now, but at a time when we 1 margin in nuclear strategic weapons has vive-the amount of money we spend for will be incapable of catching up to match in a few short years vanished. The Soviet domestic programs will become merely an these technological improvements and ad­ Union now h as a nuclear strategic weapon academic exercise. vancements. capability in excess of ours, and this supe­ I plead, and I beg you, my colleagues who Stated another way, if we permit the So­ riority will continue to increase if we do not collectively have the responsibility of the viet Union to create hardware which will ne­ take dramatic action to stem the tide. We security Of our nation in your hands, to gate our existing technological capability can no longer look upon our threat of ponder these facts which I have brought to in offensive and defensive weapons, the So­ nuclear war as a satisfactory deterrent to you today. They are proof positive that we viets will so exceed us in power as to pre­ aggression with conventional arms, as we are in serious trouble. Unpleasant as these empt any possible influence we may in the could in the two decades past. From here facts may be, you can not ignore them, for on if we threaten nuclear war in response if you do, you are failing not only your con­ future hope to exert among the family of to aggression, we risk our own destruc­ stituency but also all the peoples of the nations. tion. world who, in the final analysis, look upon The deterioration in our military capabil­ Moreover, I pointed out that the Soviet the United States a:> the fountainhead and ity as contrasted to that of the Soviet Union Union has within a few short years negated guardian of the highest aspiration Of gen­ has resulted from a combination of the Viet­ our naval superiority. This same accomp­ uine freedom in this chaotic world. nam war, inflation, and the pressures of new lishment is evident in other areas of con­ These are the facts that confront our Presi­ and increased costs of our domestic pro­ ventional warfare, including our ground and dent, our Congress, and our defense planners. grams. air capabilities. These are the facts which reflect the pro­ In order to place this rnatter in better As a matter of fact, while Congress is still phetic wisdom of an observation once made perspective, let me provide you with a few debating the necessity for building an ad­ by a gentleman by the name of Mr. Richard facts on this matter: vanced manned strategic bomber, the B-1, M. Nixon, when he said: Since FY 1968 the Department of Defense we now know that the Soviet Union has al­ "If present trends continue, the United has attempted to combat inflationary forces ready built such an aircraft, and it should States, a very few years hence, will find itself with DOD reductions, totaling $17.3 billion be coming into their operational inventory clearly in second position-with the Soviet in constant dollars. at least 3 to 4 years before we can hope to Union undisputably the greatest military In this same period, a reordering of na­ have our B-1 operational. power on earth." tional priorities has resulted in a re-alloca­ The circumstances of the B-1 bomber de­ I'm afraid that that day has already tion of federal resources from defense to bate in this country illustrate the reasons arrived. other programs in amounts greater than the why we seem hell-bent on national suicide. DoD reductions. While we debate the question of maintain­ The FY 1971 defense program in constant ing our military capability, the Soviet Union MONROE BUSINESS INSTITUTE dollars is only $5 billion above the pre-war quietly but openly forges ahead. FY 1964 level. Yet, the incremental cost of It may be that the gap which has now been the war in FY 1971 is undoubtedly more created in our defense capability can never HON. MARIO BIAGGI than double the $5-billion budget increase. be bridged. The Soviets have the bit in their OF NEW YORK Thus, what has occurred is that the dif­ teeth, and make no mistake about it, are both IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES capable and determined to maintain this ference in funding of the Vietnam War has Friday, January 29, 1971 been accomplished by deferring weapons newly-developed superiority: modernization, plant maintenance, and by Perhaps I can best put into perspective the Mr. BIAGGI. Mr. Speaker, as the un­ reductions in operational readiness. determined accelerated effort being made by the Soviet Union to eclipse the United States employment situation deteriorates many The impact on these factors is actually Government officials are searching for greater than these figures indicate since with in strategic capability, both offensive and de­ inflation and a combination of pay and price fensive, by giving you a concrete measure of ways to channel unproductive members increases, personn el costs have increased tre­ this effort. of the work force into meaningful, well­ mendously, wiping out even the most inten­ In calendar year 1969, the United States paying jobs. The Federal Government sive economies achieved by the Defense Es­ spent a total of $7.5-billion on strategic of­ has been called upon to spend millions tablishment. fensive and defensive weaponry. During that of dollars to retrain large numbers of For example, in 1965 with a military man­ same period, the Soviet Union expended ap­ Americans. However, across this Nation proximately $13-billion for the same effort. power level at 2.6 million, military pay cost n .any private enterprises are already at $13.9-billion. Thus, it is evident that the Soviet Union in a single calendar year has spent approxi­ work attacking the problem of job re­ Under today's higher costs and with pro­ mately $5.5-billion more for increased stra­ training. These institutes are perform- jected pay increases, if we had 2.6 million tegic capability than did the United States. ing an essential service to the commu­ men in FY 1971 and we now have in excess I recognize that a $5.5-billion added effort nity and their efforts will complement of 3 million, the personnel costs for FY 1971 is somewhat difficult for laymen to compre­ any emerging Federal programs. would be approximately $29-billion. Thus, hend. However, since the cost of a single The Monroe Business Institute, lo­ personnel costs alone will have more than Minuteman missile is approximately $4.8- cated in the Bronx is an excellent exam­ doubled since 1965, without regard to man­ million, the added Soviet effort is roughly power levels. This gives one an idea of how equivalent to the procurement of a thousand ple of these fine educational institutions. severely manpower costs and the effort to Minuteman missiles. Established in 1933, Monroe has three reduce defense costs have detracted from our All of this in one calendar year! schools in the Bronx. They are accredited ability to maintain a modern technologi­ Can anyone consider this anything but an by the New York State Department of cally advanced military capability. obvious effort to give the Soviet Union an Education and by the accrediting com- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1293 mission, which is recognized by the U.S. personnel in sufficient numbers, properly dis­ ticularly the young, toward military Service. tributed within the services, including the Public esteem for our Armed Services has Office of Education. National Guard and Army Reserve, can be reached a low ebb. Hopefully, some of the The school offers training in all provided without the motivation of Selective program now underway in the Services will phases of business including IBM key­ Service. improve matters. Probably the further wind­ punching, computer programing, NCR We strongly support every effort to make down of the war in Vietnam will moderate accounting, electric typewriting, stenog­ military service so attractive that the need some of the virulence which has been so un­ raphy, accounting, and all related sub­ to draft anyone can one day be eliminated. justly directed at the military. But others jects. These are all good-paying fields Yet the effort to reach an all-volunteer force outside the Services are golng to have to and honorable professions. has a. long way to go. Until that goal is help. reached we feel it is essential that a viable, We urge that the Commander-in-Chief They work with several F~deral and fully operational Selective Service System take a more active role using the full ma­ State training programs including man­ remain in force. The national safety requires chinery of his administration to enhance the power training, vocational rehabilita­ it. prestige of the Services. Congress can, of tion, veterans' programs, and the work In taking such a firm position in support of course, do a great deal not only through their incentive plan. Selective Service extension, AUSA is mindful appropriations, but by more actively and Additionally, Monroe has had out­ of the very active efforts under way to greatly publicly refuting the garrulous minority who standing success in training disadvan­ enhance the challenge and attractiveness of feel that there is political capital to be made taged students. They combine basic Eng­ military service. We support these efforts. by vilifying the military who cannot fight However, thus far the total efforts in this back. Leaders in business and industry can lish, spelling, and math training in all direction have been those undertaken by the take a more active, positive and public pos­ their programs where good placement services themselves, a. bootstrap operation if ture in support of the military. depends on satisfactory use of these you v,.ill. The Army has recognized that there But most of all, many members of the re­ skills. are a number of actions which should be ligious and academic communities have the The school has also been invited by undertaken which involve little cost and do greatest responsibility to make restitution three Presidents to attend the Confer­ not require substantial reprogramming or for the damage which they have done to the ence on the Employmenli of the Handi­ new money. Many long standing customs and dedicated individuals who through their capped in recognition of Monroe's out­ practices have a high irritant quotient with military Service have shouldered the burdens no corresponding usefulness in the modern of executing our national policy while they standing work in the training and place­ Army. These should be and many are being had no voice in its direction. The anti-mili­ ment of the handicapped. eliminated. Such actions contribute to tary activities of large numbers among the Their emphasis on close personal su­ making everyday life in a military more religious and academic communities have pervision and concern with the success worthwhile and attractive. been a national scandal and have seriously of each student has produced the kind The Army should and is making a greater demeaned their own institutions as well as of results that any program, whether effort to increase the professionalism in the doing grave injustice to those who serve their public or private, would be proud of. military. The young people who look at the country as good citizens. We cannot have the Hopefully, Federal job training experts military as a. possible career should see clearly All-Volunteer Force they profess to desire so more challenge and responsibility than has passionately if they at the same time do all will take cognizance of the work being been visible in the past. Today's young leader they can to discredit and vilify those who done by the private sector in this area requires a sense of dedication, adaptability, wear the uniform. and profit from the fine programs of­ and sentitiveness to the needs of his men even If those who so ardently oppose Selective fered by such schools as the Monroe greater than was needed in the past. It will Service will channel a portion of their ener­ Business Institute. take a professionally rewarding organization gies toward making military Service more to attract the type of young leader the Army prestigious and attractive, the day may come needs. when the draft will no longer be needed. With all of the changes and experiments Until then, we Americans can't have it both POSITION OF ASSOCIATION OF THE which the Army has undertaken, there are ways. We can't insist that Selective Service U.S. ARMY ON EXTENSION OF SE­ other key ingredients, over which the Army must be abolished and fail to support those LECTIVE SERVICE LEGISLATION can exercise only minimal control, that will measures needed to create a Modern Volun­ be needed in any plan to reach a zero draft. teer Army. American colleges can't protest Among other things these involve public atti­ their love of freedom and permit a radical HON. STROM THURMOND tudes about the military and the consistent minority on campus to deprive others of the­ OF SOUTH CAROLINA appropriation by Congress of the additional freedom to choose a military profession through ROTC. And American citizens, for­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES money which will be necessary to get at the root problems of declining service attrac­ whose security the military serves, cannot Monday, February 1, 1971 tiveness. fail to insist that military personnel be treat­ ed with decency, dignity and respect through Mr. THURMOND. Mr. President, to­ Increased pay (including expanded pro-pay for the combat arms), improved housing, out our society. morrow the Senate Committee on Armed medical and dental service, insurance, equit­ Involuntary military service has never­ Services will begin hearings on the ex­ able retirement benefits, modern equipments, been popular since its instigation in 1792. tension of the Military Selective Service and relief from menial non-military tasks, However, without it our country would have Act. are some of the items that will require sub­ been lost. Much is being done to make mili­ In connection with the extension of stantial appropriation if they are to make tary service less onerous, but such involun· this act, the Association of the U.S. Army military service competitive with civilian life tary service through a viable, operative Selec­ for the high-type young people our Services tive Service System will be required until we has issued a position paper stating its have proven that we can maintain quality views on draft extension, the all-volun­ require. For example, it is estimated that civilianizlng kitchen police would cost about Armed Forces of sufficient size to meet our teer army, zero draft, and pay increases. $115 million a year. To give our soldiers in­ National Security requirements Without it. Mr. President, the views of AUSA are creased privacy in their barracks is estimated well stated and worthy of the attention to cost at least $50 million. Young people of Congress and the Nation. I ask unani­ do not contend with these irritations in mous consent that the position paper be civilian pursuits. MAN'S INHUMANITY TO MAN­ printed in the Extensions of Remarks. One of the reasons we feel so strongly about HOW LONG? There being no objection, the position the extension of Selective Service is our ap­ prehension that it will take a considerable paper was ordered to be printed in the period of time before appropriations of the RECORD, as follows: size required will be passed by the Congress. HON. WILLIAM J. SCHERLE EXTENSION OF SELECTIVE SERVICE LEGISLATION While there is a great reservoir of esteem OF IOWA The Association of the United States Army and good will for the Services in Congress, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES is firmly convinced that the defense of the there are in its membership many vocal anti­ Monday, February 1, 1971 United States requires that a substantial por­ militarists. There is also amongst those in tion of the young men of the country must Congress who are friendly to the military Mr. SCHERLE. Mr. Speaker, a child serve, at some time, in the Armed Forces. We Services, an openly expressed cynicism or asks: "Where is daddy?" A mother asks: feel further that it is unlikely that the man­ doubt about the efficacy or practicability of "How is my son?" A wife asks: "Is my power requirements of the Armed Services an All-Volunteer Force. In this climate our husband alive or dead?" can be met, at least for the foreseeable fu­ visualization of a gradual, long-term effort ture, entirely by voluntary enlistments. We to reach the goal of zero draft seems to be Communist North Vietnam is sadis­ therefore reiterate the position we took in our realistic. tically practicing spiritual and mental 1970 resolution that Selective Service legis­ There is another basic problem which can­ genocide on over 1,500 American prison­ lation must be extended until such time as not be solved by the Services alone, and that ers of war and their families. actual experience has proven that qualified is the attitude of many Americans, par- How long? 1294 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 CONGRESS IS NO LONGER A time-a 2-, 3-, or 4-month span. The could be delivered by air. He looked into the RUBBERSTAMP result of this huge injection of funds into feasib111ty of delivering it by blimp, but was the economy is highly infiationary. It is advised this was too inaccurate. no small wonder we have been unable to Then two years ago, Putnam saw films of the Skycrane lifting heavy construction HON. WILLIAM S. BROOMFIELD solve completely the crisis of our econ­ equipment for the m111tary, and he decided OF MICHIGAN omy. this was how his house could be flown. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES I am not saying, Mr. Speaker, that the new Federal calendar will be a perfect BUU..T DUPLICATE Monday, February 1, 1971 answer to our problems. But it seems, at With very few changes in the basic design he created 25 years ago, Putnam had the Mr. BROOMFIELD. Mr. Speaker, the the very least, a much better way of do­ house built on the premises of his Decatur Congress is no longer a rubberstamp. In ing business than our present system. I firm, and a duplicate of it built in Stratford, the last 10 years alone I have noted a urge my colleagues to lend this meas­ Conn., for the test flight there. growing unwillingness in this body to ure their full support in the 92d Con­ Now that the house has earned its "wings" accept passively the recommendations of gress. it wm be put into plant production. the executive branch. No proposal, re­ The yet-to-be named company, with Put­ gardless of how innocent it may seem, is nam, Charles R. Shetterly, and Aubrey COPTER MOVE HOUSE? CAN DO Couch as partners, is currently considering taken for granted, and all are subjected plant sites in the metropolitan area, plus to the most intense congressional scru­ other sites for subdivisions !or the homes. tiny. This is, I believe, an important ad­ HON. BEN B. BLACKBURN TWENTY PER DAY vance but it is not without its draw­ OF GEORGIA The plant will turn out 20 houses per IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES day when it goes into production, and de­ backs: Such close scrutiny takes time; livery by helicopter wm probably be lim­ hour upon hour of the day must be de­ Monday, February 1, 1971 ited to 40 to 50 miles in the metropolitan voted to hearings and debates. As a re­ Mr. BLACKBURN. Mr. Speaker, dur­ area, according to Couch, although it would sult, most of the appropriations that ing the past 2 years, one of the major be possible to deliver as far as 500 miles. should have been enacted by July 1 are The 1,236-square foot house has an alumi­ delayed until the close of the session-6 goals of the Subcommittee on Housing num frame with all of the support at the months later. During the past four Con­ of the House Banking and Currency !our corners of the house. The cable is hooked gresses, for example, only eight of 102 Committee has been to fulfill the pledge on at the roofiine for corners lifting. made by the Congress in 1968 to provide Putnam said the house is built like an regular appropriations bills have become 10 million new housing units before 1980. airplane with the roof trusses welded by the law before the beginning of the fiscal In o::.·der to try to fulfill this goal, the space age methods used for planes. year. During the 91st Congress not one Housing Subcommittee has investigated It wm sell for about $16,000 including de­ regular appropriations bill was enacted livery by helicopter but excluding land and many new and revolutionary forms of foundation costs. before the fiscal years beginning July 1, housing construction. 1969, and July 1, 1970. Recently, an aDticle appeared in the This is an important problem. It dis­ Atlanta Constitution regarding a firm in rupts not only the Federal budget, but my area which has constructed a house the planning and budgets of State and HOWARD WAID OF TRUSSVILLE, which oan be delivered by helicopter. ALA. local jurisdictions as well. These units Whether or not this method will help depend upon Federal grants for substan­ us solve our problems, I am not sure. tial portions of their spending. If they do However, I believe it is an attempt in the HON. JAMES B. ALLEN not know how much money they will re­ right direction. For the information of OF ALABAMA ceive from Washington, thPY cannot plan my colleagues, I am inserting the arti­ IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES in advance for the year ahead. Educa­ cle in the RECORD: tional institutions, hospitals, and hous­ Monday, February 1, 1971 ing programs all must wait for word from COPTER MOVE HOUSE? CAN Do (By Sallye Salter) Mr. ALLEN. Mr. President, in these Congress before they can begin their im­ days of increasing use of motor vehicles portant tasks. The latest way to get a house delivered is to fly it in-not with its own wings but on the highways of our country, it is I do not believe this is a sound policy. by helicopter. encouraging to hear of drivers who have Yet, a return to our former status as a The technique had a trial run in Connecti­ operated vehicles for many years and mere rubberstamp would be just as un­ cut in November, and it worked. It has po­ over many miles without a single acci­ sound, if not more so. We are left, there­ tential for solving the problem of highways dent. fore, with but one alternative: Extend cluttered with widening modular and mobile Greyhound Lines-East, one of the ma­ the Federal fiscal year to allow us an homes. jor commercial passenger operators in extra 6 months to review these appro­ The 28-by-44-foot house that passed the the United States, recently honored Mr. helicopter test was built by a Decatur firm priations. In this way, there will be ample and was the culmination of a 25-year dream Howard Waid of Trussville, Ala., who time for State and local planning as well of Frank Putnam of Decatur. has driven for the company 25 years as calm congressional deliberation. The demonstration, using a S-64-E Sky­ without a chargeable accident. The bill I have introduced this past crane, built by Sikorsky Aircraft, a division A news release concerning this a ward week will give us that time. It provides of United Aircraft, was also a dream come and reporting Mr. Waid's strong theories that the fiscal year for the Federal Gov­ true for aircraft pioneer, Igor Sikorsky, who about driver safety, has been issued by ernment will coincide with the calendar had predicted in a 1959 speech in Tokyo that the National Association of Motor Bus year, Discussion of appropriations will his helicopters would someday be used for Owners. Because I fervent,.. ~elieve that delivering houses. emphasis on highway safety must be­ begin in January and end in December, A company spokesman said this was one of not July, as is the present case. a series of tests to be conducted by Sikorsky come a daily way of life for all drivers. To me this makes good sense. Under with the heavy-lift helicopter to evaluate the I ask unanimous consent that the news the existing system Federal agencies op­ feasibillty of the revolutionary system. release be printed in the Extensions of erate on continuing resolutions, spend­ GREAT POTENTIAL Remarks of the RECORD. ing at the prior year's level without He said the company foresees a far-reach­ There being no objection, the news re­ knowing whether they are overspending ing potential for the technique in "Opera- lease was ordered to be printed in the or underspending. tion Breakthrough" of the Department of RECORD, as follows: When they finally receive their appro­ Housing and Urban Development. HOWARD WAID OF TRussvn.LE, ALA. priation, they must use it all at once, if Putnam, president of Utility Services, Inc. BmMINGHAM.-Greyhound is honoring they expect to receive equal or higher in Decatur, said his father was 1n the con­ Howard Waid of Trussvllle, Ala., !or driving funding in the following year. Naturally, struction business and was frequently a Greyhound 25 years without a chargeable plagued by rain which stopped the work. accident. appropriations are judged on their use­ "I always thought we should build homes fulness; if all the money is not used, then "Wald has compiled a remarkable road like automobiles, and we could build them safety record,'' according to Walter 'Weiss, di­ it is assumed that all of it was not neces­ in a plant all the time," he said. rector of safety !or Greyhound Lines--East. sary. So, billions of dollars in appropria­ While working for an aluminum firm, Put­ "Remarkable because of Greyhound's tions must be spent in a very short nam designed his house which he w.as sure stringent safety standards. I! there's even a February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1295 J;Cratch on a bus, Greyhound records it. Pre­ However, in light of the length of time act only on national candidates, separate ventable accidents are always charged to the normally involved in amending the U.S. ballots or special voting procedures will be driver," Weiss adds. required to make certain that only those en­ During his long years on the road, Waid Constitution, alternative measures to titled to full privileges enjoy them. has developed strong theories about driver bring about immediate full enfranchise­ Experience has shown that even with the safety. ment of these young voters should also old system of one age limit for all voters, our "The most common mistakes made by non­ be considered. Perhaps the best manner ballots and balloting practices have been professional drivers," he says, "are speeds too to accomplish this in Michigan would be sufficiently confusing to foul up many an high for preva111ng conditions, tailgating the consideration of a constitutional election. and switching lanes without signaling. amendment by the Michigan State Legis­ We contemplate with horror the chaos that Countless accidents could be avoided if driv­ lature. could develop With the "double-standard" ers would watch these basic problems." Mr. of voting in an election involving national "Intense concentration is also needed-you Speaker, a convincing case was and other candidates and issues. What a field have to constantly try to anticipate the recently made on behalf o!' this alter­ day challengers could have, demanding that other guy's moves. And never believe the sig­ native in an excellent editorial which ap­ local, county and state election boards prove nal of the driver in front of you!" he adds. peared in the Melius newspapers pub­ that no person under 21 had voted on other According to Weiss, Waid's philosophy pays lished in my congressional district in than national candidates. off for Greyhound and the public: National Michigan. I would like to insert this By the time the results of such an election Safety Council studies show travel by Grey­ could be straightened out, it might be al­ article into the RECORD for the benefit most time for the next one. hound is 17 times safer than driving your­ of my colleagues: self. Since the next presidential election is Waid, 52, started his career in 1941. MAKE IT UNANIMOUS nearly two years away, Michigan has time to A native of Gaylesvllle, Ala., he lives at 113 Although we have been consistently op­ remedy this situation before facing such a Lake Street with his wife and five children. posed to lowering the voting age to 18, basing situation. We believe the State Legislature Waid is a member of the local Athletic Boos­ our stand on reasons we felt to be reason­ should take immediately whatever steps are ter Club. He is also manager of a little league able and logical, we would prefer, by far, to necessary to grant full voting rights to those baseball team. see the young people have full balloting aged 18 through 20. If this requires a refer­ Greyhound has a continuing program to rights then the halfway "mess" that pre­ endum, then the legislature should place the honor drivers who compile outstanding safety vails at present. matter on the ballot as soon as possible, even records. Last year, more than 150 Greyhound It simply makes no sense that those 18 if a special election is required. drivers were commended for accumulating through 20 should be permitted to vote for 25-year or better safety records. the nation's president in an election in­ volving issues and personalities with which they can be only remotely famlliar. but deny RECLAMATION AWARDS CLOUD them the right to participate in local and SEEDING RESEARCH CONTRACT state elections, where it would be possible EIGHTEEN-YEAR-OLD VOTE-MAKE for them to know much more about issues FOR CONCHO RIVER WATERSHED IT UNANIMOUS and personalities. IN TEXAS From the standpoint Of providing an ex­ pression of public opinion on vital national HON. 0. C. FISHER HON. WILLIAM D. FORD and world problems and programs, the na­ tional elections are the most important that OF TEXAS OF MICHIGAN our citizens take part in. Generally speaking, IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the clailns and counter claims on vital issues Monday, February 1, 1971 Monday, February 1, 1971 and on the experience, capabllities and per­ sonalities of the principal candidates are far Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, a 3-year Mr. WILLIAM D. FORD. Mr. Speaker, more complex and confusing-and remote-­ $850,000 program of summer cloud seed­ as a longtime advocate of the 18-year-old than those in city, school, county .:>r state ing to develop techniques aimed at in­ vote; I was extremely proud when the political campaigns. creasing rainfall, has been announced by 91st Congress passed legislation which If we are to have an "apprenticeship" sys­ tem for voters, "breaking them in" with the Bureau of Reclamation. This is a at last enfranchised all Americans be­ limited privileges at the age of 18 and ex­ significant move to determine whether tween the ages of 18 and 20 with full panding their voting rights as they gain in scientific techniques can cause rain to voting rights. This legislation was passed age and experience, with full citizenship fall in cloud covered arid areas. The re­ by an overwhelming majority in both the privileges at 21, we seem to be going at it sults will be followed with much interest. House and the Senate. It was vigorously backwards by giving them the most serious Under leave to extend my remarks, I supported by Representatives and Sen­ responsibllities first. include the release by Reclamation. It ators from both political parties and by An apt parallel might be the methods em­ follows: advocates of diverse political persuasions, ployed in "bringing along" athletes to com­ pete in major league baseball or in the top RECLAMATION AWARDS CLOUD SEEDING RE­ ranging from the conservative views of professional football conferences. SEARCH CONTRACT FOR CONCHO RIVER Senator BARRY GOLDWATER to the liberal In baseball, prospective big leaguers get WATERSHED IN TEXAS views of Senator EDWARD KENNEDY. their starts on the sandlots or in high schools The Bureau of Reclamation has awarded a However, the recent Supreme Court and colleges. If they show promise, they move contract to the Texas Water Development decision has now left Michigan and most on to minor-league teams and finally those Board for a 3-year program of summer cloud­ other States with the unfortunate situa­ with the necessary talent make it to the "big seeding to develop techniques aimed at in­ tion in which 18- to 20-year-olds may leagues." creasing rainfall, the Department of the In­ vote for their President, but not their Denying Michigan's approximately 500,000 terior announced today. young men and women 18 through 20 the A result of the research is expected to in­ Governor, for their Senator and Con­ opportunity to vote on local, county and state clude increased runoff of the Concho River gressman, but not their State or local issues and candidates while national law above Twin Buttes Reservoir, a major unit legislators, nor even their hometown grants them balloting privileges in presi­ of Reclamation's multiple-purpose San An­ mayor. The present situation is neither dential elections seems pretty much the same gelo Project. The City of San Angelo has ex­ realistic nor sensible. It simply does not as starting a young fellow on a major league perienced severe water shortages, resulting make good sense to allow our new young team and then, after one to three years of in rationing of water in recent years. voters to participate in national elec­ trial, allowing him to join a minor-league Commissioner o! Reclamation Ellis L. tions which predictably involve the most squad. Arinstrong said the $850,000 project will in­ Since the United States Supreme Court has volve the seeding of suitable convective distant, complex, and fr..r-reaching issues ruled that 18 years is a proper age for the clouds _during the period from April to Sep­ of the day and then deny them the right voting franchise to be exercised (making this tember through 1973. Seeding will be con­ to participate in local elections involv­ the law of the land in federal elections), ducted by aircraft over a 4,600 square mile ing issues with which they are much more Michigan should bow gracefully to the in­ area west and northwest of San Angelo, in familiar, and, in most cases, which are evitable and extend full voting rights. central Texas. much less complex. Aside from the apparent inequity of grant­ The Texas Water Development Board 1s For these reasons, Mr. Speaker, I have ing only partial voting privileges at 18, there expected to contract with a qualified scien­ is the problem o! the confusion that is bound tific-meteorological firm !or the actual seed· joined with 34 of my colleagues in intro­ to develop when national elections happen ing to begin this summer. ducing a House joint resolution propos­ to fall on the same day as state and local The etrort is a part of the Bureau of Rec­ ing a constitutional amendment which balloting. lamation's Project Skyward, a program of would provide for full enfranchisement of With some registered voters allowed to pass scientific research begun in 1962 to explore the 18- to 20-year-old voter. on all candidates and issues while others can whether cloud-seeding can produce addi- 1296 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 tlonal supplies of water efficiently, economi­ graphically depicted the discriminatory A number of factors influence volunteerism cally, and in a socially acceptable manner. treatment of first-termers. According to and retention. Among these are the job Project Skywater contractors currently are Mr. Schweitz, the Armed Forces received market on the outside, the public attitude studying the treatment of summer convec­ toward the military and the presence or ab­ tive clouds with field projects in Arizona, cumulative pay hikes of 154.3 percent sence of a shooting war. It is not yet clear North Dakota, and South Dakota. Winter since 1952, but junior enlisted men have what the recent slump in the civillan job projects concerned with t he seeding of cold been raised by only 86 percent in that market is doing to retention. orographic storms are in progress in Cali­ period. He added that: Defense, of course, is looking for more ef­ fornia, Colorado, Nevada, New Mexico, Mon­ The spread in monthly pay between the ficient ways to spend pay dollars than across­ tana, Utah, Washington, and Wyoming. recruit's mere $134.40, the supergrader's the-board increases in basic pay. Conventional ice phase seeding with silver roughly $750-975, the colonel's $1,800, and The variable reenlistment bonus is one iodide, as generally practiced in other weather the four-st ar general's nearly $3,000, appears example of the kinds of services which are modification projects, is not applicable to entirely out of line and totally unrealistic. more "cost effective." The VRB lets man­ the types of clouds most frequently found in Yet officialdom in recent years has allowed power planners put the dollars precisely the San Angelo region. Here, Commissioner it to take place with apparently little con­ where the need is. Armstrong said, an additional technique­ cern or protest. The proposed pro pay for men volunteering that of warm could-seeding-will be explored. for the combat arrns is another such device, This technique involves the use of water­ It is clear that our "totally unrealistic" as is the newly advanced idea to give "Con­ absorbing chemicals to accelerate the rain­ military pay structure has been allowed tinuation Incentive Pay" (COIN) to many forming process within clouds. These materi­ to develop because the draft enables us officers. Payments similar to COIN already als will be released into air currents feeding are being made to physicians and to Navy nu­ suitable clouds. Urea and ammonium nitrate to compel men to serve at extremely low clear submarine officers. are ideal for this purpose. rates of pay. We can correct this in­ As reported in the January 20 AFTimes, The Concho River watershed was proposed equitable treatment of junior enlisted the idea is to expand such payments to give bot h by the Texas Water Development Board men, and help the President fulfill his line officers up to $15,000 and more to sign and by officials of the City of San Angelo as commitment for an all-volunteer force, up for five years beyond their obligated serv­ the site for a seeding project. It offers excel­ by enacting the pay structure recom­ ice. lent prospects for accurate evaluation of re­ mended by the Gates Commission. I com­ sults because of a low level of atmospheric mend this item to your attention: pollution and by the presence of an extensive UNDER-2 PAY GAP GREW DURING 13-YEAR PROGRESS THROUGH network of rain and stream gauges already UNDERSTANDING in place. DROUGHT Seeding generally will be confined to t hose (By Bob Schweitz) convective clouds which, left untreated, WASHINGTON .-The reason the military pay would produce only marginal precipitation in HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN system is so out of kilter has been the re­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE the form of light showers. Criteria will be luctance of past Administrations and Con­ established dictating when and under what gresses to face up to the realization that new IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES circumstances seeding will 'be conducted. recruits and draftees also deserve adequate Monday, February 1, 1971 A preliminary survey of summer cloud pay. From 1952 to 1965 there were no pay climatology for the San Angelo area was made raises for enlisted men with fewer than two Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, those who last year to determine the frequency with years of service. The raises for all other grades truly seek sound progress and mutual which warm convective clouds develop; their since 1952 have more than doubled those for understanding among Americans deplore size and water yield; and other factors re­ the "under twos." accent on racism whatever the source. quired to assess their seeding potential. Overall, the military force has received a Both warm and cold clouds occur in the cumulative basic pay hike of 154.3 percent They also decry permissivism toward area during the spring and summer monthS, since 1952, while the junior enlisted men pornography or violence in our society. with a predominance of the warm type. Both have received only 86 percent, including the From time to time columnists assist in are amenable to seeding, and both varieties raise effective Jan. 1, 1971. placing the common good in perspective. will be treated during the course of the Even as late as 1969, when the Hubbell pay I believe the renowned columnist Al Capp project. group was functioning, the nation was still has done this in the following column of the opinion that the draft would continue reprinted recently in the New Hampshire indefinitely, so little attention was paid to increasing pay in the lowest ranks. Sunday News: REASONABLE PAY FOR OUR SERV­ The problem is more than one of percent­ HOLLYWOOD LmERALS MAKE RACIST MOVIE ICEMEN CAN BRING AN END TO ages. It is also one of the cold cash differences (By Al Capp) THE DRAFT spelled out by the percentages. For those with sick minds, Hollywood has For example the January 1 raise was 7.9 come up with a nice change from the regu­ percent across the board in basic pay. At the lar run of sex movies-a racist movie called HON. WILLIAM A. STEIGER E-1 recruit level it meant a $9.90 monthly "Little Big Man." OF WISCONSIN increase. For an 0-6 with 26 years, the same I'm sure Dustin Hoffman, the star, and 7.9 percent meant a $132 raise. Thus the raise Arthur Penn, the director, didn't intend it IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES of the 0-6 alone totaled almost as much as to be racist. They are both leading Holly­ Monday, February 1, 1971 an E-1s present monthly basic pay of $134.40. wood-New York liberals, our largest group of The "spread" in monthly basic pay between unintentional racists. Mr. STEIGER of Wisconsin. Mr. the recruit's mere $134.40, the supergrader's Racism-and I'm sure Hoffman and Penn Speaker, in his message on the draft roughly $750-$975, the colonel's $1800 and will agree with me--is the conviction that last Thursday, President Nixon stated the four-star general's nearly $3000, appears human inferiority is decided by skin color. that: entirely out of line and totally unrealistic. "Little Big Man" is the story of the U.S. Yet officialdom in recent years allowed it Cavalry in the Indian Wars, the white man With an end to the draft we will demon­ to take place with apparently little concern strate to the world the responsiveness of versus the red man. or protest. The white man is portrayed as decidedly our system of government--and we will also Defense, of course, has asked Congress to demonstrate our continuing commitment to inferior in humanity, honesty and generosity. give EM with under two years service an­ Even the liberal New Yorker magazine pre­ the principle of ensuring for the individual other 20 percent in basic pay, but even that the greatest possible measure of freedom. dicted that white audiences would be in­ would add only $26 a month for a monthly sulted. Black audiences might be, too. Eleven months ago, the President's pay of $161 for a recruit. Not much of an in­ After a century of ignoring the gallant role Commission on an All-Volunteer Force centive to volunteer. blacks played in the winning of America, we Nevertheless, $134.40 or a $161 per month now know that 20 per cent of U.S. Cavalry found that we could end the draft by figure for the hundreds of thousands of Rerv­ troops in the Indian Wars were black. establishing a reasonable pay scale for icemen with under two years service, rep­ I haven't seen "Little Big Man" for the military personnel in their first term of resents a tremendous amount of money. same reason I don't attend Klan meetings, service. The Commission, headed by the A 20 percent basic pay raise for enlisted and so I don't know 1f Hoffman and Penn's distinguished former Secretary of De­ men with fewer than two years of service U.S. Cavalrymen are all white. If they are, fense, Thomas S. Gates, also declared is budgeted at half a billion dollars next that would, of course, spare blacks from the that regardless of the draft, the recom­ year, and now it appears Defense may ask film's racism, but it revives another form of mended pay raises were justifiable on the for a bigger raise. racism-the denying of credit to blacks. Other pay grades will be getting raises, I can't imagine red Americans enjoying grounds of equity alone. too. And while there should be savings in the anti-white, or anti-both black and white In a recent article in the Air Force training costs brought about by increased racism of "Little Big Man" much either. Times, editor Bob Schweitz, a noted ex­ retention resulting foro higher pay, no one is They, more, perhaps, than any of us, have pert on military personnel matters, certain the hikes will have that effect. learned that whatever race is the victim of February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1297 racist propaganda, no matter how uninten­ citizens where government is closest to prices and wages, he has only begun the bat­ tional, all of us are hurt. them-after decades of power and re­ tle and the outcome is far from certain. The It isn't easy to be a Hollywood-New York sponsibility flowing in the other direc­ nation cannot afford economic gains which movie liberal. But, then, it wasn't easy to be tion: to Washington. are illusory and thereby temporary, and the George Lincoln Rockwell. He was in the same price for a President's election based on eco­ business, and he wound up dead. His Holly­ As the specific proposals come before nomic illusion is sometimes paid by his party wood new competitors merely wind up dead the Congress, the next months will be for a generation after the illusion crumbles. at the box office. spent in deciding just how and how far We urge caution on massive deficit spending. They tell us the new "involved" attitude we go in this new direction. To arrive But in total, the President's program is of parents toward education will produce at the best decisions-those that will be a forward-looking and necessary one, and it better kids than the simple old attitude. best for America-Members of Congress would be a national disservice were irra­ When I was a kid, my parents had a simple will need to become well a ware of the tional partisan and bureaucratic intransi­ attitude toward education and that was that "thinking" of the Nation. To assist my gence to thwart consideration of it on its all schools were good for kids, and t hat all merits. school teachers were smarter than kids. colleagues in this task, I include in the Back then, our mothers didn't snoop RECORD at this point a thoughtful edi­ around other schools to find out if they had torial from the January 25 edition to the MORSE PROPOSES URBAN the slightest advant age your school didn't Dayton, Ohio, Journal Herald: COUNCIL have, and if there was the slightest suspicion STATE OF THE UNION: THE PRESIDENT OFFERS of it they didn't mobilize into militant mobs A BOLD PACKAGE and storm city hall. President Nixon's State-of-the-Union mes­ HON. MARGARET M. HECKLER Back then, when you reached first grade OF MASSACHUSETTS age, your mother pointed the way to the sage is the kickoff not only for a new Con­ gress--the 92d-but also for what may be IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES nearest school, and told you to come back in one of the most bruising two-year eras in eight years with a diploma. Monday, February 1, 1971 Kids who did that were gOOd kids. the political history of that Union. Those who didn't weren't worked over by His proposed program is not wildly inno­ Mrs. HECKLER of Massachusetts. Mr. social workers and called culturally mal­ vative or radical in the sense that it raises Speaker, as a member of the Massachu­ adjusted. They were worked over by the fiat issues never before considered, but it is a setts delegation, and as one who has long of their father's hand, and called little bums. bold attempt to make real some of the phi­ losophies that have been bantered about as been deeply concerned with the problems The old attitude toward education gave us plaguing so many communities in the Marian Anderson and Jonas 8alk. theories. The new one has given us Angela Davis The President's "six great goals" by now Commonwealth and throughout the and Jerry Rubin. require only capsulization. {1) His welfare Nation, I was indeed pleased to note the The scene: a fine old Indiana University, plan combines the long-sought objectives of initiative recently taken by my colleague newly liberalized. aid without humiliation to those unable to the gentleman from Massachusetts irony kind of effective and creative mecha­ some dormitory across the way. You may call of conflicting practices between departments it greed, son. There are other names for it. in some fields and overlapping projects in nism suggested by Mr. MoRsE, and to One is concern. Another is love. others, and substitutes a structure based on the enthusiastic endorsement it de­ Every forward-looking American sleeps bet­ program areas. serves: ter at night knowing we have Ed Muskie to The principles stated by the President are MORSE PROPOSES URBAN COUNCIL prevent us from developing supersonic speed indisputable. The methods, as he himself Local communities are beset by so many by pointing out its possible hazard to the noted, are open to debate, and the tone that problems these days that any suggestions to environment. the debate assumes may well determine how ease their burdens are eagerly received. But when we really needed him was when close the nation is to solving some of its more One of the latest is that of Cong. F. Brad­ the automobile was being developed. He nagging domestic problems. ford Morse, R-5th District. might have stopped that, too, by pointing The signs are not good. The Republican The Lowell representative, in a letter to out its possible hazards, and we'd have stayed Party finds trouble in forging diversity into President Nixon over the weekend, recom­ where we belonged-on the horse. a common strength. The Democratic Party mended creation of a White House Council But didn.'t they, occasionally, menace the is in an amorphous state--a host of char­ of Municipal Advisers as a focal point for environment? acters looking for a theme. Numerous hope­ the consideration of urban dilemmas. fuls a.re emerging to joust for the 1972 presi­ Morse suggested the proposed council be dential nomination, and the prospects are set up along the lines of the present Coun­ for many individual attempts by Democrats cil of Economic Advisers. He expressed con­ THE PRESIDENT OFFERS A BOLD to upstage not only the President, but rival fidence in the latter body, headed by John PACKAGE contenders for the nomination as well. Ehrlichman, but told the President that a Then, too, the President's program steps group with "a narrower charter may be nec­ hard on the entrenched bureaucracy. Reforms essary to insure that our municipalities re­ in government structure, although passed ceive top-level attention." HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN by Congress and signed by the President, do The departure of Dr. Daniel P. Moynihan, OF OHIO not necessarily cause the ship of state to jibe who was an expert on urban affairs, makes IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in another direction. Unification of the armed it imperative, in Morse's view, that "an services was an example of this sluggish re­ effective, creative and sympathetic mecha­ Monday, February 1, 1971 sponse. nism be established to insure that the Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker, on Oddly perhaps, the one program likely to priority attention that our urban problems January 22 in his state of the Union get broad backing in Washington is the one require be continued." which gives us pause. The economy of the Morse suggested a. three-man council address President Nixon outlined the country is, we believe, still fighting a perilous with extensive practical experience at the basis for a "new American revolution" to wage-price undertow that runs counter to municipal level of government. He said such speed the process of returning more the tide of recession shown by economic in­ a council would "accord well with the presi­ power and responsibility to State and dicators. Although the President has given dent's expressed desire to encourage and local governments-and therefore to the subtle signs that he is exerting pressure on assist local government." 1298 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 Lynn, of course, would have an interest in Colorado that kllled 31 Wichita State Uni­ Ryther, who had never gone outside of the the creation of such a. council. Obviously, a versity football players. government chain of command before, was three-man body could not spread itself Those athletes were among hundreds killed outraged in 1969 at the evidence that the thinly enough to find cures for all the spe­ in crashes of chartered planes between April, FAA was not taking the necessary steps to cific problems of all the municipalities in when the FAA evaluation division recom­ modernize radar and other equipment. He the nation. mended the change, and October when top took his complaint to the top administrator But by studying some of the major prob­ FAA officials finally recognized the problem. in his area, and over the heads of his immedi­ lems common to all cities at a. given time­ Even if there had been no safety issue that ate superiors. financial woes at the moment, for example, required urgent attention, the bureaucratic On that oocasion, a board of inquiry was the proposed council could come up with pressure used against the senior FAA safety established that confirmed the correctness of broad general policies to effect some degree official is inexcusable. It is comparable to the the complaints by Ryther and resulted in of relief. firing of cost expert Ernest Fitzgerald by the three superior officers being retired from The fact that it would have direct access Air Force after he called attention to cost government. to the White House would be a. tremendous overruns on the C5A aircraft, or the State His success in correcting that problem gave plus factor. Department's firing of security expert Otto F. him courage to tackle the job of tightening And the President himself would benefit otepka for oa.lling attention to lax security. FAA regulations when his four-month study by having expert advisers on urban affairs When the FAA finally did tighten the air came across the laxity that existed in inspec­ part of his intimate official family to keep safety regulations, the rules were virtually tions of charter planes and regulations deal­ him constantly informed on the needs of the same recommendations Ryther had made ing with pilots flying those planes. local government. after a. four-month study that ended in Ryther 1s a. native of Park Rapids, Minn., March, 1970. and a graduate of New York University, Both Ryther's reoommendations and the where he received a. B.S. degree in 1940 in final FAA rules called for increasing the fre­ business and management. WHAT RIGHT TO DISSENT? quency of aircraft inspection and also tight­ ened pilot-training restrictions. The rules ONE MAN's BATTLE were aimed especially at requiring pilots to be WASHINGTON, D.C.-The four-year ordeal HON. H. R. GROSS famila.ir With the specific type of charter air­ of Kenneth S. Cook, a 57-yea.r-old Air Force OF IOWA craft they are flying. weapons analyst, should concern every mem­ FolloWing is rthe chronology of events: IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ber of Congress who seeks to protect the 1. In early April the recommendations by rights of career government employes. Monday, February 1, 1971 Ryther were submitted to Archie W. League, Cook's ordeal started in 1966 when he FAA assistant administrator for appraisal, for Mr. GROSS. Mr. Speaker, the two complained that then Lt. Col. Roderick W. immediate action. Clarke, acting commanding officer at Hollo­ newspaper articles which I will insert in 2. Throughout April and early May, League man Air Force Base in New Mexico, was dis­ the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD as a part Of took no action. Ryther appealed above torting scientific reports on the defense my remarks, raise the grave question as League. FAA Deputy Administrator Kenneth against intercontinental ballistic missiles to whether there remains the right to Smith set up a meeting on May 26 attended (ICBMs), Cook said he was neither pro­ dissent on the part of valued Federal by Bertrand Harding, the FAA's associate ad­ antiballistic missile (ABM) or a.nti-ABM, ministrator for manpower, League, and but believes tha;t whatever decision was employees. Ryther. The articles comprise two columns made should be made on honest scientific 3. A few days after the meeting, Smith re­ reports. written for the Des Moines Register by jected Ryther's plea. as "not sufficiently ur­ MASTER'S DEGREE the well-known journalist, Clark R. gent." He sent the problem back to League, Mollenhofi, chief of the Register's Wash­ who immediately started to dismantle the At the time of his complain-t, Cook, a ington Bureau and Pulitzer Prize-win­ safety evaluator's office, and directed Ryther physicist and mathem81tician with a. mas­ to go on an extended inspection trip. ter's degree from the University of Indiana, ning reporter. was a $16,152-a.-yea.r government scientist In one of his columns, "Watch on -4. Ryther declined to go, and continued to With an outstanding record. He had been Washington," Mollenhofi details the appeal for tighter safety restrictions to FAA listed in American Men of Science since 1954. Administrator John H. (Ja.ck) Shaffer and Today, Cook is struggling to exist on a story of Philip I. Ryther, senior safety also to Under Secretary James M. Beggs. Both evaluator for the Federal Aviation $300-a.-month pension while fighting for a brushed off Ryther's complaints, declined to hearing on an Air Force finding that he is Agency, who tried repeatedly to warn intervene, and again turned the safety deci­ mentally incapable of carrying out his gov­ his superiors of impending air disasters sion back to League. ernment duties. unless tighter safety regulations were 5. On Aug. 19, 1970, League filed 11 pages The fact that the top Air Force psychiatrist, applied. For his foresight and courage, of charges against Ryther. Harding then con­ lit. Col. Paul Grissom, has stated it is an Ryther was driven out of Government. ferred with Ryther on the charges, and ad­ injustice hasn't caused any effort to cor­ vised that he could save himself money, worry rect the record by either the Air Force In another of his columns, Mollenhofi and wear and tear on his health by resigning. describes the fate of Kenneth S. Cook, Harding indicated FAA officials could easily or the Civil Service Commission. an Air Force weapons analyst, who ac­ get access to Ryther's federal tax returns, but Dr. Grissom said "a. review of all available reports of phychia.tric evaluation and the cused superiors of distorting scientific that if he resigned the charges against him reports and was promptly made the ob­ would be dropped. Ryther insisted he had medical board report rendered at Holloman nothing to hide. Air Force Base disclosed no evidence of a ject of repeated mental examinations. psychotic or severe chronic neurotic condi­ Mr. Speaker, the right to reasonable 6. In September, Ryther's doctor told him tion in Mr. Cook. (These reports) do not dissent and the right to make reasonable the frustration fight at FAA had affected his support the conclusion, on any sound med­ recommendations must be protected if health, and advised that he resign. Ryther ical basis, that Mr. Cook was incapacitated agreed to resign on a disability pension and for performance of his duties." Federal employees are to be more than the charges were dropped on Sept. 16, 197o­ mere rubber stamps in the service of just 15 days before the crash that killed a Grissom did say that Cook, a perfectionist their Government. Congress ought to Wichita State football team and dramatized in his work and punctual in work habits, is lose no time in investigating the facts in the need for tighter rules on charter flights. "relatively inflexible." each of these cases as a simple matter In October the FAA engaged in a. hurried QUESTIONED BY SENATORS of justice. rewrite of the April safety recommendations. The question of misuse of the mental The articles follow: Approval was given and the new restrictions incapacity finding was rmsed by several sen­ to bring chartered aircraft up to airline ators in a letter to John Macy, then chair­ SAFETY CHIEF FORCED FROM JOB WITH FAA standards were printed in the Federal Reg­ man of the Civil Service Commission. Sen­ (By Clark Mollenhoff) ister of Oct. 27. They included the following ator Sam Ervin (Dem., N.C.) wrote, "It would WASHINGTON, D.C.-Department of Trans­ precede: appear from the record that officials at Hol­ portation officials reprimanded, threatened "A recent accident has highlighted the loman Air Force Base, displeased with Mr. and finally forced the resignation of the need to regulate more strictly the leasing of Cook's policy criticisms of their operations, senior safety evaluator of the Federal Avia­ large airplanes by educational institutions may have taken advantage of the many loop­ tion Agency (FAA) who tried to warn of im­ for the carriage of student groups, as for ex­ holes in the laws and regulations affecting pending air disaster. ample football teaxns and choral groups." the rights of the individual." The story will be the subject of Senate Ryther, 55, is a career government em­ Cook charges that an A1r Force clique at hearings in February or March. ploye who had more than 26 years in gov­ Holloman conspired to fire him for mental The tightening of a.ir safety regulations ernment when he retired. His G8-16 salary disability and to bar him from a public hear­ for charter flights recommended by safety of $30,972 was a result of a recent promotion ing. Cook contends a little more diligent in­ evaluator Philip I. Ryther in April, 1970, was he had received in connection with some vestigation by the Air Force or Civil Service not incorporated into an FAA regulation un­ bureaucratic negligence he had uncovered in Commission into the records would prove his til last Oct. 27-25 days after the crash in 1969. case. .February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1299 Since 1967, Cook has spent $9,000 fighting 1966 that there was lying and falsification of But vandalism by no means repre­ the case in which the Air Force says it has no records in personnel cases. sents the total cost of crime in the authority now that the Civil Service Commis­ The Air Force and Civil Service Commis­ schools. Vandalism figures, for example, sion is in the case. The commission says it sion have given inaccurate reports to mem­ generally do not include the cost of now considers the case "closed." bers of the Senate and House, and have con­ James B. Goode, the deputy assistant sec­ tradicted theinselves. They have disregarded equipment and supplies stolen from the retary of the Air Force for personnel policy, the pleas of Senator Clinton Anderson schools. In 1966, that amounted to said where "mental instability" is an issue (Dem., N.M.) and Senator Ervin that they $800,000 in New York City, and it is now ~.. we couldn't turn the case around if we try to do "justice" because "a man's life running at about $1 million a year. wanted to do it. It is in the hands of the is at stake." Vandalism costs also leave out the Civil Service CommisSion." costs of lost instruction. Every time a The friction between Cook and Colonel typewriter, a tool, or a piece of athletic Clarke at Holloman existed for months when equipment is stolen or damaged student& Cook took his complaint to Washington in THE SAFE SCHOOLS ACT OF 1971 a. "confidential" letter to Brig. Gen. Ernest are unable to carry on their work until Pinson, commanding officer in the Office of the item is replaced or repaired. That is Aerospace Research at the Pentagon. In that HON. JONATHAN B. BINGHAM often weeks or months. The real cost of Oct. 31, 1966, letter, Cook cha.rged that Oolo­ OF NEW YORK this wasted time for students and teach­ nel Clarke had engaged in "information ma­ ers is difficult to calculate. But it is con­ nipulation" and "a general degradation of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES siderable, and it must be taken into ac­ civilians" at the base. Monday, February 1, 1971 count as part of the total cost of school HE IS SUMMONED Mr. BINGHAM. Mr. Speaker, the prob­ crime. He asked General Pinson for "decent man­ lem of crime in the schools has grown The psychological and material cost agement" and specifically asked that he "get to students, teachers, and school em­ this Clarke out of here immediately and get to such proportions that it now threatens rid of this officers' plague." the very viability of our educational sys­ ployees who become victims of crime in On Nov. 22, 1966, Clarke summoned Cook tem in many communities of the Nation, the schools is similarly incalculable, but to his office, told him he had a copy of the especially in urban areas. I have listened certainly extensive and serious. letter to Pinson and stated he would run with great concern to many parents and Finally, there are the costs of efforts Cook out of the Air Force and the govern­ students in my own district describe the to reduce and prevent these deplorable ment. Clarke withdrew Cook's security clear­ seriousness of this problem, and I have acts. Until recently, such costs for most ance on the spot and detailed him to in­ recently reviewed in some detail the school systems were so small that sepa­ consequential work. rate figures were not kept. Recently, A week later, Clarke's secretary called to situation in the rest of the country. On tell Cook to report to Lt. Col. Dwight Newton, the basis of that review, and my Dwn ex­ however, security and crime control has who headed the base hospital. Cook knew perience with the problem in New York, become a major category of school ex­ Dr. Newton to be a friend and neighbor of I have developed legislation to deal with penditures. New York, in 1970, requested Clarke. the situation which I am introducing to­ and received separate security funds for "We are going to find out what makes you day. It is legislation that will be con­ the first time-$500,000 for a 170-man tick," Dr. Newton allegedly told Cook. troversial. But I am convinced it is badly special security force. For 1971, the city Newton asked Cook if he would "agree" to needed and long overdue. As far as I am has requested $1,000,000. The trend is submit to an examination by base doctors. similar in other cities. Cook would not agree, but when Dr. Newton aware, it is the first legislation of its kind replied he could order him to do it, changed ever introduced in the Congress. Like it or not, the schools are in the his mind and said the examination would The following chart summarizes the crime control business, and by neces­ "prove my case." dramatic increase in crime in the schools: sity they are in it in a big way. Given One week later, Cook was examined by the financial limitations on many school Dr. Herbert H. Reynolds, the base psychol­ INCREASE IN SOME CATEGORIES OF CRIME IN ELEMENTARY districts, it is highly questionable ogist. A week after that, he was examined AND SECONDARY SCHOOLS FROM 1964 TO 1968 whether they will be able to free suf­ by Capt. Martin Reite, a base psychiatrist. ficient funds to deal effectively with Percent REFORE BOARD Category 1964 1968 increase crime. And every dollar they do free to Cook spent about 40 minutes before the fight crime is a dollar less devoted to 25, 1967. Holoman Medical Board on Jan. Homicides ___ ------15 26 73 their major purpose-providing young­ He was not permitted to have his lawyer Forcible rapes ______51 81 61 sters with a quality education. Yet the with him on order from Colonel Clarke. Robberies _____ --- ___ ------396 1, 508 306 schools themselves simply must succeed The five-man board included Dr. Reynolds, Aggravated assaults ______--- 475 680 43 Burglaries, larcenies _____ --- 7,604 14, 102 86 ir. controlling crime in the schools. Dr. Reite and three other medical men from Weapons offenses ______419 1, 089 136 Where they fail we face unthinkable de­ the base. Narcotics ______73 854 1, 069 Cooke heard nothing from the board until Drunkenness ______------370 1, 035 179 velopments-the collapse of the educa­ April 17, 1967, when Clarke directed him to Crimes by nonstudents ______142 3,894 2, 600 tional system, or the emergence of edu­ Vandalism incidents ____ -- __ _ 186,184 250,549 35 report to Dr. Newton. Dr. Newton bluntly Assaults on teachers __ ------25 1, 801 7, 100 cational garrisons. stated the board was unanimous in finding Assaults on students _____ -_- 1, 601 4, 267 167 To help the schools out of this him physically and mentally "incapable of Other ______------____ _ 4, 796 8, 824 84 dilemma and to relieve parents, teachers, performing further service for the Air Force and children who are bravely trying to or for the government." Source: 1970 -survey of 110 school districts, Senate Sub­ continue with education despite increas­ In late April and early May: Cook consulted committee on Juvenile Delinquency. his own doctors-Dr. George M. Schlenker, of ing terror in the schools, we must provide El Paso, Tex., and Dr. W. Thomas Holman, Crime in most categories at least the schools with needed additional funds. of Los Cruces, N.M. Dr. Schlenker said Cook doubled between 1964 and 1968, and in­ These must be funds apart from those "may be paranoid tinged" but added that he creases as high as several thousand per­ already available for direct educational was neither potentially dangerous nor a se­ cent occurred in some important cate­ purposes. They must be funds explicity curity risk. He said the Air Force should be gories in that short time. If anything, and exclusively for restoring safety from able to find use for his talent and experi­ those statistics are conservative. Many crime in the schools. ence. youngsters are afraid to report crimes That is the essence of the legislation Dr. Holman was much stronger in his sup­ committed against them. If they were It port of Cook. He declared that Cook had the I am introducing today. would provide, kind of "obsessive-compulsive personality" not, nearly every child in New York and for the first time, a program of Federal that drives many "outstanding individuals many other cities could tell his own story grants to local school districts and other (to) great feats on behalf of mankind." He of being shaken down, mugged, or worse. educational agencies to meet school pictured 1t as a "valuable" trait, and added For the school · systems, and for the crime control needs. It is a new program, he found "no abnormal content of thought" taxpayers who support them, it is ex­ separate from any existing programs of in the Air Force analyst and urged that he traordinarily costly. The National Edu­ Federal aid to schools. be put back to work with a pay raise. cation Association has estimated that With all the Federal educational and Despite that record, and the corroboration is from the office of the Air Force Surgeon Gen­ school vandalism alone currently cost­ law enforcement programs now on the eral, neither the Air Force nor Civil Service ing the Nation's schools about $200 mil­ books, no Federal assistance has been Commission has given Cook a hearing. Nor lion a year. The cost of vandalism just in made available for this purpose. has either taken into account the evidence New York City in 1969 was estimated at My legislation, the Safe Schools Act of from others who left the base in 1965 and over $5 million. 1971, does not propose or seek to impose 1300 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 any single or precise solution to the parent patrols. On the basis of an in­ Difficult as it sometimes is to distin­ school crime problem. It provides, in­ dependent study of school disruption­ guish "outsiders" from "insiders," espe­ stead, flexible resources to enable and including crime--for the National Asso­ cially in large, crowded schools, better induce individual school districts to de­ ciation of Secondary School Principals, attempts must be made. We can no longer velop and improve their own solutions, the Syracuse University Research Corp. permit school children and personnel to based on their own special needs and strongly recommended increased use of be such easy prey for intruders who find circumstances, without having to make paid, neighborhood-based security aides schools convenient settings for crime. sacrifices in educational programs to do in the schools. Use of parent security We must, in every school, at least be able so. Within broad limits, the use of the aides has been tried successfully in to spot individuals who clearly do not Federal funds I am proposing to make schools in Cleveland, Berkeley, and else­ belong-and spot them quickly. Several available is up to local school officials and where. Their effectiveness was found to of the other measures I have mentioned their communities. be enhanced by their neutrality-that is, under this legislation would help. In ad­ Now it will be tempting for some to their lack of identification with either dition, more elaborate methods of stu­ look upon this legislation rather sus­ school officials or the police. Here again, dent identification, attendance, schedul­ piciously as a "police in the schools" of course, special training is necessary, ing, and accounting might be effective. bill. It is no such thing. School crime especially in the area of fundamental With a capability efficiently and contin­ control projects funded under this legis­ constitutional rights. Without such ually to identify all bona fide students lation will have to be fully considered training parent patrols could do more absolutely, perhaps through a photo and evaluated by the parents of the harm than good. But with proper train­ identification badge, it would be that children to be affected. Parent and com­ ing, it appears that they can make an much easier to identify intruders. munity support is one of the major cri­ important contribution. Funds under the Fifth. Improved school-community li­ teria for the granting of funds. I am con­ legislation I am proposing could be used aison. Every school crime control pro­ fident that most parents, particularly if to set up such parent patrol programs, gram should include systematic efforts to given other alternatives, do not want to to train participants, and to pay their inform citizens near each school of the bring police into the schools. The fact is salaries. problem, and should attempt to enlist that there are plenty of alternatives Third. Installation of basic surveil­ their support. A number of communities short of bringing police into the schools lance and alarm systems as crime deter­ have experimented with public participa­ that can increase the safety of the school rents. One special area where this type tion programs under which citizens are community. Those alternatives need to of equipment might be particularly help­ alerted to report strangers in or near be explored, tried, and improved upon. ful is with regard to school crimes in­ schools, to report any information they New ones need to be developed. That is volving firearms. As you will note on the may obtain about illicit activities in­ the intent of this bill, and I am con­ chart, there has been a particularly volving schoolchildren, and so forth. In fident that is how it will be used by State alarming increase in crimes with fire­ some communities, parent canvassers and local jurisdictions. arms in the schools-they have increased have been sent out regularly to request, In those instances where a local com­ 136 percent over the past 4 years on the gather, and study such information in munity may determine that uniformed basis of a study by a U.S. Senate sub­ conjunction with school security officials. personnel are needed in the schools, this committee from which these figures are In the Bronx, students have organized legislation will help assure that that de­ taken. That is a reflection, of course, of both to curb crime within the school and cision is made responsibly, with full com­ the great traffic and oversupply of fire­ to alert the community to the problem munity participation, and with full at­ arms in our society in general. But we and enlist their help in stopping it. Such tention to necessary safeguards. My pro­ have moved swiftly and decisively efforts should be encouraged, and my posal, for example, specifies that no Fed­ through the use of sophisticated surveil­ legislation would enable the schools to eral funds under any circumstances shall lance devices to cut down and deter air­ support, implement, and expand them. be used to support firearms, other weap­ line passengers, for example, from har­ None of these potential programs un­ ons, or chemical agents in the schools. boring firearms which might be used in der the Safe Schools Act will solve the What are some of the other ways we hijackings. Is the safety of our school­ problem of crime in the schools. They might stop the crime wave in the children and teachers any less impor­ are immediate emergency measures to schools? In my judgment, after some tant? Should we not move equally quickly save the schools and those who work study of the problem, there are several to make use of these methods as much as and study in them from further terror promising possibilities : we can to stop firearms and other lethal and injury. But school crime, like crime First. Greater professionalization and weapons at the schoolhouse doors? I anywhere, can only be eliminated by expansion of school security forces. Sad­ think we should. And I would hope and getting at its causes. With that in mind, ly, perhaps, but undeniably, the days of expect that a great many local school and with my support and that of most the grandfatherly school custodian­ districts would elect to use some of the of my colleagues in the House, the Con­ watchman, shuffling wearily about his funds under my legislation to purchase gress passed, for example, the Juvenile chores to supplement his pension, are and install unobtrusive, carefully man­ Delinquency Prevention and Control Act over. It is time we recognize that the job aged, but effective surveillance equip­ in 1968. Since then we have appropriated of making schools safe is a delicate and ment for use in stopping weapons from $30 million to aid, treat, and rehabilitate demanding one. It requires special skills, entering the school. delinquents. techniques, and equipment which neither It would be a mistake to expect too To solve the problem of crime in the teachers nor school administrators nor much in the way of total crime reduction schools we need more programs like that the average "cop on the beat," possess. only from the installation of even the along with improved programs in hous­ We must define the responsibilities and most sophisticated alarm systems. Never­ ing, health care, and job opportunities. role of security personnel in the school theless, they are of some value as deter­ And we need to invest more funds in community, and we must provide them rents. Schools that do not have them them. But rehabilitation works slowly,. with appropriate special training and constitute extremely inviting crime tar­ especially in view of our limited efforts~ facilities. The head of security in a ma­ gets, and resources should be available Often, we must try to keep delinquents jor city school system in the Midwest to outfit all schools with at least basic in the schools and work at rehabilitat­ told me his people lack even basic rapid equipment of this type. ing them there. In so doing, however,. communications equipment that would Fourth. Improved student identifica­ we increase the needs of the rest of the· enable them to report or summon help tion and accounting methods. One of the school community for protection. And when trouble is encountered. Some most astounding and distwbing facts our responsibility to the potential vic­ school systems have hesitated to pro­ about the increase in school crimes is tims of crime is certainly no less than vide needed security equipment because the extent to which such crime is com­ our responsibility to those who may per­ its security forces are not adequately mitted by outsiders-people who do not petrate it. trained to use it properly. So one in­ belong in the schools in the first place. In my judgment, the Safe Schools Act adequacy leads to another. And our chil­ Such crime by outsiders increased 2,600 of 1971 is a constructive step toward bet­ dren and teachers are the losers. percent between 1964 and 1968 in the ter meeting our responsibilities to those Second. Increased adult presence in 110 school districts sampled by the Sen­ who bear the brunt of crime. It provides the schools through the use of trained ate Juvenile Delinquency Subcommittee. a framework for increasing and improv- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1301 ing protection and safety of one of our will honor longtime Mayor Charles Huggins Democrats to make the program a success, most important and vulnerable institu­ at a banquet and informal "get-togethers" since they both are Republicans. tions-our schools. It would assure that Saturday in the Gleason High School gym­ "We are not selling tickets and there will nasium. be no charge for the supper. We are trying to this increased effort is undertaken­ "It's hard to explain exactly why we are make it attractive to everyone, and we want without hysteria, with full attention to having the program. It is something we sim­ everyone to come," Mr. Sanders said. "The essential constitutional safeguards, with ply felt ought to be done, so we are doing it," day is for 'Charlie' and for simple expres­ the initiative and power in the hands of said Dudley Sanders, the mayor's nephew and sions of thanks." the people most affected, not as a sub­ a teacher at the high school. stitute, but as a supplement for pro­ "Part of the reason may be that 'Charlie• grams directed at the causes of crime isn't a typical mayor. He doesn't spend all his time in the office. When you see !lim, he's REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT and the rehabilitation of potential crim­ helping with the street patching or mowing THE DEDICATION OF THE inals. grass alongside the OEO (Office of Economic DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER NA­ I want to note that, in preparing this Opportunity) workers in the city park. But he TIONAL REPUBLICAN CENTER proposal, I have benefited from advice does more than a man half his age." and assistance from a number of na­ The mayor is not an ordinary 74-year-old tional and local organizations, including man. HON. JOHN J. RHODES the National Association of Secondary His hands are thick and worn, suggesting OF ARIZONA years of working the brown Weakley County School Principles, the National Associa­ soil. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion of School Administrators, the Na­ Mayor Huggins offers no explanation for Monday, February 1, 1971 tional Committee for Support of the Pub­ the special occasion. However, he did say that lic Schools, the International Association when they "decided to name the city park Mr. RHODES. Mr. Speaker, On Janu­ of School Security Officials, the National Charlie Huggins Park they went a little too ary 15, 1971, a dream was fulfilled for Council of Big City Boards of Education, far." the Republican Party when President and the National Congress of Parents Mayor Huggins said he was born on a farm Nixon dedicated the Dwight D. Eisen­ and Teachers. The International Asso­ in the community of Catfield, between Dres­ hower National Republican Center on ciation of School Security Officials, an den and Greenfield, and that with 11 chil­ Capitol Hill. This was a truly historic dren in the family, "times were not always occasion as it marked the first time that organization which was recently formed good." for the purpose of professionalizing and As the second eldest child he helped his any American political party has taken improving the school security field, al­ father with farming to provide for the other up residence in a permanent home. ready has given this proposal a formal children, which meant he had to end his In dedicating the Eisenhower center, and enthusiastic endorsement. A num­ formal education after the third grade. President Nixon called for the Repub­ ber of other organizations are studying it "Young people today just don't realize how lican Party "to be the party of the open for possible endorsement. hard we had it back then and how easy it is door, a party with its doors open to all I commend this proposal to the atten­ to get an education today," Mayor Huggins people of all races and of all parties, declared. those who share our great ideals about tion of my colleagues in the House, many In 1922 he got a job with the Wabash of whom, I am sure, share my concern Railroad and stayed with it 15 years. the future of America and the future of over school crime and may find the idea After a layoff in 1937, he moved to Gleason the world." of specific Federal grants for this pur­ and took a $30-a-month job in an auto parts In choosing these words, President pose worthy of support. In particular, business. Nixon could not have paid a more fitting I hope that the Members of the relevant Two years later he bought one-third in­ tribute to a great" American. I include subcommittee of the Education and La­ terest in the business, and during the next the President's remarks at the dedication bor Committee will give this legislation 10 years the company opened parts stores in of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National seven West Tennessee towns. Republican Center at this point in the prompt and favorable consideration so The business was then divided. Mr. Hug­ that full House action on it will be pos­ gins became owner of the store in Gleason, RECORD: sible in the near future. and the store is still in operation. REMARKS OF THE PRESIDENT AT THE DEDICA­ Since 1963 when he became mayor, he has TION OF THE DWIGHT D. EISENHOWER NA­ spent much of his time working to improve TIONAL REPUBLICAN CENTER government services and to attract industry Chairman Morton, Mrs. Eisenhower, Mem­ ,. CHARLIE HUGGINS DAY to Gleason. bers of the Congress, Members of the Nation­ "I took the job because I thought I could al Committee and our very special guests do something for the town, and not for the this morning: HON. ED JONES salary ($30 a month)," he said. I feel that it is a very great honor to have "When I became mayor the city hall was the opportunity to participate in this cere­ OF TENNESSEE a crowded, rundown building and completely mony that I understand has been going on IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES inadequate. No one thought we could afford for some time before I arrived. Monday, February 1, 1971 to build a new building, but I took the job I don't know whether there was any sig­ with that aim." nificance in the fact that they gave the dol­ Mr. JONES of Tennessee. Mr. Speaker, Shortly after he became mayor, an agree­ lar away before I got here. on January 30, 1971, the people of Glea­ ment was reached with the Weakley County But, in any event, the remarks that I will son, Tenn., located in the congressional Municipal Electric System to share half the make will be brief and qui.te personal, as I district which I represent, honored their cost of a new building and a $40,000 struc­ think General Eisenhower would have want­ mayor with a "Charlie Huggins Day." ture was erected. ed them to be on such an occasion. The mayor also cites with pride a $300,000 We have here a building and we think of Mr. Huggins has spent many years in water and sewer system completed last year, how it came into being. And we know that faithful service to his town, county, major street repairs and expansion of the it came into being because men helped to State, and Nation. Although he ts a city limits. build it, men who knew things about bricks strong Democrat, he has always placed Gleason's population grew from 900 in 1960 and mortar and superstructure and archi­ the interests of his people above partisan to 1,314 in 1970. tecture and all of that. And we are very politics. The people, in return, have set The mayor says he dearly loves politics. proud that they built such a good building. aside this one day to pay a nonpartisan "I've been a Democrat all my life, and I'll It also came into being because one man tribute to the man for his distinguished always be a Democrat;" he declared. in particular had a dream. I know that his He was a delegate to the last two national name has been referred to previously, but service. Democratic conventions and says the Demo­ let me refer to him in the terms that Gen­ The event was announced in a story cratic Party is "the South's only hope for the eral Eisenhower, I think, would have referred which appeared in the January 26, 1971, future." to him. issue of the Memphis, Tenn., Commercial One of the persons already reserving a seat I will recall a conversation I had with Gen­ Appeal. At this point I include in the for the Saturday celebration is Mrs. Anna­ eral Eisenhower right after he became Presi­ RECORD the story which was written by belle Clement O'Brien, sister of the late Gov. dent and I became Vice President in 1953. Mr. Tom Williams: Frank Clement. Mayor Huggins said he and we were riding back from Quantico after a Mr. Clement were "close friends." meeting there of various members of the "GET TOGETHER" AT GLEASON WILL HONOR "Every Democrat from Hubert Humphrey Armed Services with regard to our Defense MAYOR down has been invited to the program," budget. The General was reminiscing about (By Tom Williams) said Mr. Sanders. some of the great days of the victory in Eu­ GLEASON, TENN., January 25.-Friends, rel­ He and Robert Owen, who helped organize rope and about some of the men who served atives, politicians and his fellow townsmen the program, said it would be up to the under him and with him. 1302 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971

And I asked him that if he had to select As a matter of fact, I noticed as I came for all, we can never hope to establish one quality in an individual for an organi­ out onto this platform today-which, in­ lasting world peace. zation, above everything else what would it cidentally is heated by the television lights­ be? And he thought a moment and answered, but in any event, I noticed as I came out Along with freedom-loving people "Selflessness." He said, "Of course, other that door was open. And now it is closed. everywhere, I hope that those who now things matter. You want brains and dedica­ Symbolically, what I would like to say as struggle against tyranny will soon win tion and hard work." But he said the most this new building is omcially dedicated is their battles, and that next year's cele­ important quality that you can have in an that I would like this building to be the bration of Ukrainian independence will arm.y, whether it is an arm.y in war or an building of the open door, a party with its be celebration of a fact, and not just army in a political campaign or an organi­ doors open to all people of all races and of a dream. zation in a great national administration, is all parties, those who share our great ideals "selflessness," the willingness to go out and about the future of American and the future do hard and tough jobs in a completely un­ of the world. selfish manner; the willingness to sacrifice That is how the Republican Party came SOCIAL SECURITY BENEFIT IN­ one's self for a greater cause than himself. into being. It was a party then th,at brought CREASE NEEDED NOW I think Jim Auchincloss was a selfless man. into it not just a group of people who be­ I remember 20 years ago when I was in the lieved certain very narrow things, but peo­ House and later in the Senate and then as ple who differed about a great number of HON. FRED SCHWENGEL Vice President and when I was out of omce, things, but who were united on one prin­ OF IOWA I could always expect a call from Jim Auchin­ ciple; they wanted union. They believed in closs about the Eisenhower Center. the unity of this Nation. They believed in IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES And he spoke about his dream, the neces­ the freedom of men. Monday, February 1, 1971 sity to get support for it, ideas that didn't And, so our party ha.s great principles, seem to have any chance of succeeding. But principles that are far bigger than the Re­ Mr. SCHWENGEL. Mr. Speaker, in he drove on and on and others then joined publican Party. They are big, as an of Amer­ conjunction with my efforts to secure him and eventually this great building, the ica itself. But our party will not grow unless passage of an increase in social security Center for all of the Republican National it is the party of the open door, open to all benefits, I have obtained a copy of a Committee's activities finally came into people, all people who share our principles, fairly thorough comparison of the social being. who want to work with us for the betterm.ent security system and other retirement And a selfless man, Jim Auchincloss, and of America and the betterment of the world- programs. The article was written by And so I think these are the two thoughts all the other selfless people with him, and Walter W. Kolodrubetz of the Office of many of them are right here in this audience, that General Eisenhower would have wanted I think General Eisenhower would want me me, who was proud to be his Vice President Research and Statistics, Division of Eco­ especially to pay tribute to this morning. during the eight years he was President of nomic and Long-Range Studies in the The other thing I think the General would the United States, to convey to you, this very Social Security Administration. It is en­ say today is something about the Party of distinguished audience today: titled: "Private and Public Retirement which he was a member, and the Party to First, an appreciation to all of you who Pensions: Findings From the 1968 Sur­ which he had such dedication and what he have been selfless in your work for our Party vey of the Aged." It appeared in the Sep­ would like for it in the future. And perhaps In campaigns. Sometimes we won. Sometimes we lost. But you gave everything you had. tember 1970 issue of the Social Security he would speak of this Party the way he Bulletin. used to speak about the Party and its or­ That is, of course, the greatest attribute an ganization to the Members of the Cabinet individual can have. Inasmuch as the article is so perti­ and to me during those occasions when we And, second, his advice that ours should be nent to the question of increasing social were in political campaigns in '54, '56, '58 the party of the open door, open to all peo­ security benefits, I intend to insert parts and then again in 1960. He often used to ple, all parties, all faiths, all races. of the article into the RECORD over the emphasize the necessity for the Party to ex­ -That is the kind of a party he would want next few days: pand, to get more people, more troops to and that is the kind of a party we are, and join with us. And he pointed out what was that we shall be in the years ahead. PluvATE AND PUBLIC RETIREMENT PENSIONS: FINDINGS F'ROM THE 1968 SURVEY OF THE actually a very great truth, that by itself neither political party in this country could AGED win an election. In order to win, it is neces­ (By Walter W. Kolodrubetz•) The Federal social security program is to­ sary to pick up enough independents and UKRAINIAN INDEPENDENCE enough members of the other Party to get day the major source retirement income for the majority. the aged population. For a sizable and grow­ And President Eisenhower, for that reason, ing group, however, private and other public would emphasize the necessity in speaking HON. LESTER L. WOLFF group retirement programs have considerable to a Party organization and all of us, you, OF NEW YORK effect on the maintenance of Income. In 1967, private pensions were received by about 1.8 our Party organization people here today, to IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES say organize the Party well, but be sure you million aged couples and nonmarried per­ organize it in a way that you can bring Friday, January 29, 1971 sons, almost all of whom were receiving others into the Party and allow others to monthly cash benefits under the old-age have allegiance to it and to our cause even Mr. WOLFF. Mr. Speaker, on Janu­ survivors, disabllity, and health insurance though they may not be members of the ary 22, the 53d anniversary of the inde­ (OASDHI) program. Retirement programs for Party. pendence of Ukraine was celebrated by Federal (civtllan and military), State, and And I think on that score one thing that over 2 million Americans of Ukrainian local government employees and for railroad General Eisenhower used to say in talking ancestry. Unfortunately, the independ­ workers provided support for an additional about the party on those occasions when he ence which they celebrated, and which 1.5 m1llion aged units, two-thirds of whom were also receiving OASDHI benefits. saw a tendency that might be too intro­ I now join in commemorating, was short­ verted was that, he said, the tendency of Examination of the sources of retirement most organizations Is to organize fewer and lived, for the Ukraine's dream of freedom benefit income of the aged population re­ fewer better and better. was transformed into a nightmare of So­ veals the role of private and other public And that, of course, is the great danger of viet domination less than 3 years after pension programs (excluding veterans• pen­ any party organization. It is the great danger the national council at Kiev declared the sion programs) in supplementing the basic of any club. It is the great danger of any Ukraine a sovereign republic in 1918. OASDHI program. About one-fifth of the association of people to be more interested in Nevertheless, the dream of freedom aged couples (with one or both members aged 65 or older) reported receiving private the organization as a goal and an end in has never been extinguished in the itself rather than an organization as simply pension payments that supplement their a base to do something, do something bigger hearts of 47 million Ukrainians. Despite OASDHI benefits (table 1). Seven percent of than itself, an organization that will grow, the hardship and anguish which they the couples, had, in addition to their OASDHI an organization that Will have an influence have experienced, they still cling to the benefits, a retirement pension through on the community and on the State and on conviction that the reality of freedom another public program, and 3 percent re- the nation and even on the world. will again be theirs. ceived only a public pension other than And so I think General Eisenhower would OASDHI in retirement benefit income_ For I am delighted to join with my col­ more than three-fifths of the couples, how­ have said, "Organize this Republican Party leagues in paying tribute to the courage well. But organize it in a way that it can ever, OASDHI benefits were their only peri, of the Ukrainians, and in reconfirming grow, that it can attract independent voters odic retirement benefit. Nine percent of the and Democratic voters, that it can attract our dedication to the task of bringing couple's received no retirement benefits but Americans in all walks of life so that we can freedom to the Ukraine and to all the relied mainly on employment as the source of become an organization that will be an effec­ other captive nations. Each of us has a tive instrument for doing better things for stake in the future of these nations-for •omce of Research and Statistics, Division America and better things for the world." without a firm commitment to freedom of Economic and Long-Range Studies. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1303 their income; presumably most of them were ernment systems was not significantly d11Ier­ the 1968 Survey of the Demographic and Eco­ qualified to receive OASDHI benefits and, in ent from that for the couples. nomic Characteristics of the Aged (DECA). some cases another public pension or a pri­ Since practically all jobs with private The Survey was designed to provide infor­ vate pension. pension coverage were also covered under mation similar to that obtained from the The same general configuration of sources OASDHI, only rarely would a private pension 1963 Survey of the Aged 1 on private and of retirement benefit income prevailed for be payable but no OASDHI benefit. All but 3 other public pension income, as well as other the aged nonmarried. The degree of supple­ percent of all aged units reporting private characteristics of the aged population. mentation of OASDHI benefits through other pension income were also OASDHI benefici­ The first article on the DECA Survey gives pension plans was far less than it was for aries in 1967, and that proportion is probably a detailed definition of income and discusses couples, however. The proportion of the non­ even lower today. Yet, since Federal em­ the problems of measuring income size.2 A married dependent on OASDHI only for re­ ployees and some State and local government statement about the Survey design, rough tirement benefits was therefore larger, employees did not have concurrent OASDHI approximations of the standard error of se­ especially for nonmarried women. Of the 2.4 coverage, only two-thirds of the aged units lected estimates, and a discussion of non­ million aged nonmarried men, 13 percent had reporting receipt of a public pension other sampling errors are included in the tech­ private pension income--more than twice the than OASDHI were also receiving OASDHI nical appendix to that article. Confidence proportion among the 7.4 million nonmar­ benefits. In some cases, one member of an levels of medians pertinent to the data pre­ ried women. For both men and women the aged couple might be receiving OASDHI sented here are shown in table I on page 21 proportion receiving public pensions such as benefits and the other member might be of this article. those under Federal, State, and local gov- getting a different public pension. This article analyzes detailed information on the characteristics of the aged population TABLE I.-SOURCE OF RETIREMENT BENEFITS: AGED UNITS WITH MONEY INCOME FROM SPECIFIED SOURCES 1967 in 1967 with various retirement benefits. Par­ ticular attention is devoted to the factors that account for the contrasting economic Nonmarried persons Married------­ positions of aged persons with and without Source of retirement benefit All units couples Total Men Women retirement benefits that supplement OASDHI benefits. Number of units (in thousands) ••.••• __ .. ______.... __ ------__ .•• 15,779 5,989 9, 789 2, 356 7,434 The Survey did not permit distinction be­ Number with- tween veterans' disability and pension pay­ OASDHI and- ments. This important source of retirement No other pension •------10,942 3, 702 7, 240 1, 626 5, 615 income was thus necessarily omitted from the Private group pension 2_ • • ••••• • • ______• ______1, 801 1, 136 666 308 358 Other public pension .••.....••• ___ .••• ------.•••••••••••••• 942 447 495 133 362 detailed analysis of pensions. Public pension other than OASDHL •••.••..•.•••••..•.••••••••.•• 509 166 343 109 234 Since practically all the units receiving pri­ No retirement benefit •-•• ------•••• ____ •• ______------__ 1, 584 538 1, 046 182 865 vate pension payments received OASDHI benefits, examination of sources and size of •Includes a small number of units who did not report whether they received private pensions. income of private pensioners is restricted to 2 1ncludes 16,000 married units and 38,000 nonmarried persons not currently receiving OASDH I benefits, according to beneficiary OASDHI beneficiary units receiving private records. Also includes 66,000 married beneficiary units and 14,000 nonmarried beneficiaries reporting both a private pension and pensions. A substantial number of other pub­ another public pension. lic pensioners were not receiving OASDHI benefits, however, and their characteristics A few of the couples and nonmarried per­ The wide differences in median annual in­ differ from those of units receiving two pub­ sons, according to the Survey findings, were come for the groups receiving various types lic pensions. Separate analysis for these getting three or more pensions. An estimated of retirement benefits point up the power­ groups was therefore neecssary. 80,000 aged units--most of them OASDHI ful influence of dual pensions in the financial The analysis in the remainder of the article beneficiaries--were receiving a private pen­ position of the aged population in 1967, as is restricted to regular OASDHI beneficiaries sion and, in addition, a public pension based the following summary shows. who received at least one check by Janu­ on government or railroad employment. ary 1967. Inclusion of part-year beneficiaries, those transitionally insured, and special "age 72" beneficiaries would have distorted Median income of- comparisons. Nonmarried persons Married Source of retirement benefit couples Total Men Women MODERNIZING FARMERS HOME OASDHI and- ADMINISTRATION No other pension ••..•• ____ •••• ____ •••• ___ ••• ______$2,752 $1, 254 $1, 195 Private group pension •------4, 257 2, 418 2, 331 Other public pension._. ______••• ______------. 4, 424 2, 435 2,319 Public pension other than OASDHI. ______3, 746 1, 649 1, 290 HON. ROBERT PRICE No retirement benefit.. ______•• ______------6, 270 1, 020 1, 007 OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES t Includes a small number of units not receiving OASDHI benefits and a small number also receiving other public pensions. 2 Not shown where base is less than 100,000. Monday, February 1, 1971 The most fortunate among the retired incomes of $2,750 and $1,255, respectively­ Mr. PRICE of Texas. Mr. Speaker, I aged population were the nearly 1.6 m1llion amounts $1,000-$1,500 below the medians of rise to introduce two bills designed to couples receiving OASDHI benefits and a their counterparts with two pensions. The affect needed changes in the operation public or private pension as well. For them, median for these couples with OASDHI as of the Farmers Home Administration. median total income was above $4,200. Dual their retirement benefits was just a little One raises operating loan limits from pensions usually mean the difference between higher than that for nonmarried persons $35,000 to $50,000; the other transfers a less than modest and a fairly comfortable with OASDHI benefits and supplementary income position, but even dual pensioners pensions. funding of the operating loan program had lower incomes than those still working. At the lowest end of the economic scale itself from the Federal budget to the The median income of the 1.2 mill1on elderly were the 1 million elderly nonmarried not private money market. nonmarried persons with dual pensions was receiving any retirement benefit; their in­ In the last Congress I introduced legis­ about $2,400--about $2,000 lower than that come averaged a little above $1,000. Some of lation which, among other things, would of married couples, yet their economic posi­ these nonmarri¢ persons were employed, have accomplished these two goals. I tion was markedly better than that of others but they were not as likely as the married was gratified a portion of these pro­ among the nonmarried. couples to have high earnings. For these For the married couples in the small group nonmarried persons, the most disadvantaged posals were adopted, and that farm own- of the aged with a railroad or government were among the 865,000 women without a ership loan limits were raised from retirement pension but no OASDHI benefit, spouse, a high proportion of whom had to $60,000 to $100,000. As a result, young the median income was $3,745-roughly $500 rely on public assistance during old age. below that for couples with two pensions. The public and private retirement benefits 1 Lenore A. Epstein and Janet Murray, The Their median income was $1,000 above the paid to 9 out of 10 aged units in 1967 ac­ Aged Population of the United States: The median of couples whose only pension was counted for an estimated 42 percent of the 1963 Social Security Survey of the Aged from the OASDHI program. aggregate income of persons aged 65 and (Research Report No. 19), Social Security Ad­ For the bulk of the aged units, OASDHI over and their spouses. The Survey findings ministration, Office of Research and Statis­ benefits represented their only retirement reveal that the role of retirement benefits tics, 1967. benefit income. This group {3.7 million was substantially larger for the nonmarried 2 Lenore E. Bixby, "Income of People Aged couples and --- million nonmarried per­ than for the couples. 65 and Over: Overview From 1968 Survey o! sons) fell ln the lower end of the income~ These findings of the overall retirement the Aged," Social Security Bulletin, April position balance sheet. They had median benefit status of the aged were obtained from 1970. 1304 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 farmers who are just starting out and of farm machinery, equipment and sup­ mittee on Science and Astronautics on more established farmers who want to plies have risen along with the cost of the 26th, 27th, and 28th of January were expand their operations now better meet living, the 1960 limits are inadequate distinguished by many, many outstand­ their financial needs, at least as far as now. By way of illustration, during the ing presentations by eminent scientists FHA real estate loans are concerned. last 7 years, the capital investment of our panel and the visiting guest panel­ With the farm ownership loan pro­ costs for farms and ranches have climbed ists from many portions of the world. gram reasonably updated, I think Con­ 79 percent. Annual outlays for fertilizers Those presentations on international gress should turn its attention to the have increased 64 percent; costs of vari­ science policy were brilliantly high­ farm operating loan program and make ous pesticides are up 20 percent; and, lighted by the remarks of Dr. E. E. David, those changes necessary to bring it too feed costs have risen 33 percent. Jr., science adviser to the President, who in line with the demands of today's These increases have had dramatic addressed the Panel members and com­ economy. consequences for the farm sector as a mittee guests at a luncheon on the 27th Perhaps the most basic change that whole. To cite but a few examples, in of January. His penetrating views on the is needed concerns the method by which 1967 the average grade A dairy farm need for international science policy the farm operating loan program is in Wisconsin required well over $50,000 and scientific cooperation between the funded. At present, money for the pro­ operating capital compared to the nations of the world were amplified by gram is taken out of the Federal budget $30,000 that was required between 1957- his concepts by which international and appropriated by Congress. For some 59. The average hog or beef fattening scientific cooperation can be imple­ time I have thought this to be an ineffi­ farm in the corn belt required more than mented and made a reality. It is very cient mechanism. And after analyzing $84,000 in 1967, compared to $44,000 in easy to agree that international scientific the problem in detail I have concluded 1957-59. Finally, in 1967 the average cooperation is good for the peoples of that the taxpayers interests would be cattle ranch in the Southwest required the world. It is indeed another thing to best served if operating loan funds were an operating capital investment of make the hard decisions that will make generated from the private money mar­ nearly $60,000, as contrasted to the international scientific cooperation an ket rather than from the Federal tax $38,000 that was needed between actuality, I daresay not a Member of dollar. This I discovered could be ac­ 1957-59. the House accepts the idea that sci­ complished by transfering funding from If these statistics are coupled with the ence and technology are the predominant the budget to the agricultural credit in­ fact that infiation has jacked up operat­ ingredients of modern society. I am also surance fund, a change which has also ing costs considerably since these figures sure the Members will agree that where­ been earnestly sought after by the ex­ were gathered, all but the unconscious ever political leaders join with their sci­ tremely capable Administrator of the can get a pretty good idea of the finan­ ence counterparts and transcend the ever Farmers Home Administration, James cial problems facing farmers today. present nationalism and begin working V. Smith. Moreover, not only have I Turning to my proposal, I would like for the welfare of the world-not just for found approval for my idea at FHA, the to see farm operating loan limits raised their own particular country-the peo­ Bureau of Management and Budget and from $35,000 to $50,000. Abstractly, this ples of the world would inevitably be­ the President have been equally recep­ does not sound like much of an increase, come the beneficiaries. I urge every Mem­ tive and a mutually acceptable legisla­ but I have been assured by FHA officials ber to read and meditate upon the words tive proposal has been arrived at. The that this extra amount would enable the of Dr. David. importance the President attaches to loan program to fulfill the credit needs The address follows: this proposal is demonstrated by the fact of most small farm borrowers. REMARKS OF DR. E. E. DAVID, JR. that it is one of the 40 specific legis­ Additionally, I would like to stress It is a great pleasure today to address this lative requests he sent to Congress earlier that if the funding of the operating distinguished audience of members of the loan program were transferred to the House Science and Astronautics Committee, this week. its Panel on Science and Technology, mem­ In summation, transferring the FHA private money markets, as I have pro­ posed, then raising loan limits would bers of the AIAA, and the foreign guests who operating loan program from the Federal have been participating in this three-day budget to the Agricultural Credit In­ not cost the taxpayer anything. In this session on International Science Policy. surance Fund, as proposed in my bill, connection, I have been assured that, I must compliment the members of the would save tax dollars. And with pro­ pending this transfer, FHA could pro­ Committee and particularly Chairman Miller gram funds being generated through the vide for some increase in the level of for organizing these annual meetings. In so sale of FHA paper in the private money program funding in accordance with the doing, you continue to demonstrate your market, the interests of governmental new loan limits without relying on any deep interest in the health of science and additional appropriations. such an ap­ technology, not only in this nation but also efficiency and would be well served. internationally. Mr. Speaker, my second bill raises proach I find eminently suitable. Before I proceed, let me recognize the the limits on farm operating loans from In conclusion, Mr. Chairman, I urge splendid efforts of the Committee and your the $35,000 ceiling established in 1960, my colleagues to expedite these two Subcommittee, formerly headed by Mr. Dad­ to $50,000. I think this change is vital to proposals. Transferring the funding of dario and now in the hands of Mr. Davis, the ongoing success of this particular the operating loan program from the to develop the issue of domestic science pol­ FHA loan program. Federal budget to the private money icy. Your hearings have been invaluable, market has the full support of the ad­ your questions have been searching, and your By way of general background, FHA reports have been thoughtful and provoca­ was established to provide supplementary ministration. Increasing the outside tive. We will draw on them heavily. loans to small farmers unable to obtain limits on operating loans would give FHA Since World War II there have evolved in commercial credit. For three decades officials greater :flexibility in meeting the most of the developed nations small but these loans have enabled farmers to ob­ credit needs of this Nation's hard-pressed dedicated bureaucracies promoting interna­ tain vital financial assistance; and as a farmers. Both are worthy goals; both tional scientific and technical cooperation. deserve prompt congressional approval. The cliches which motivate them read some­ result, many successful farmers owe their thing like this: science is international by beginnings to FHA loan programs. In­ nature; international cooperation makes cidentally, financially this program has good international relations; hence, interna­ been as successful for the Government tional science is good international politics as it has been operationally for the farm­ REMARKS OF DR. E. E. DAVID, JR., and good human relations and should be er. I say this because, not only have the SCIENCE ADVISER TO THE promoted at every opportunity. FHA loans been repaid with interest, PRESIDENT I personally am very susceptible to the logic of these phrases. In my own profes- rural borrowers have had an outstanding sional career in communications and com­ repayment record. HON. GEORGE P. MILLER puting, I have found that wherever I have With regard to the operating loan pro­ OF CALIFORNIA traveled throughout the world, regardless of gram specifically, it was established for language, culture, tradition, or degree of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the purpose of assisting farmers develop political tension between my country and Monday, February 1, 1971 my hosts, mutual interests in engineering efficient and profitable farming opera­ and science immediately provided. a com­ tions. Although this program has pro­ Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. Speak­ mon ground for useful communication. vided a needed function; perhaps its er, the meetings of the Advisory Panel President Nixon is also a strong believer greatest single problem is, since the costs on Science and Technology of the Com- in the value of functional partnership rela- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1305 tions among nations in science and tech­ need the views of other nations on the ex­ great extent by responsible actions in pro­ nology. Since he took office two years ago, tent to which we should finance exchanges tecting the proprietary aspects of science and new or greatly expanded cooperative pro­ and cooperation in these areas of "little technology, using the accepted mechanisms grams have been developed with Romania, science." which I mentioned earlier. Yugoslavia, France, and most recently with Basic research in big science provides an­ Another facet of the problem involves the Spain, all related to visits of the President other motivation for cooperation. High energy developing nations. We in the developed to those countries. physics, optical radio astronomy, space and world have an obligation to encourage and But a deep feeling that international oceanography require such immense invest­ aid their peaceful development. Secretary science is good is still, I confess, not suf­ ments in facilities that we are approaching Rogers yesterday mentioned the President's ficient to stir the elephantine bureaucracy the stage where no single nation, even the proposal to create an International Develop­ of our government into responsive action, largest, can afford to build all that is desir­ ment Institute as a future focus for our bi­ nor to persuade the Congressional wardens able or even necessary for its own research lateral technical assistance efforts. This of the appropriations process that the small, community. A deliberate move toward in­ promising proposal will lay a new foundation but finite quantity of federal monies re­ ternational sharing of major facilities is for effective technical cooperation between quired to turn these convictions into realty indeed appropriate. Again, however, with the U.S. and developing countries. It will are justified. There is no phrase that passes careful attention to the accepted protective provide a unique instrument for bringing the from the lips with less effort than "inter­ mechanisms. best of U.S. scientific and technological national scientific and technical coopera­ The Western Europeans with their highly talent to bear and in a way which will tion" nor any budget request that is harder successful CERN venture have set one ex­ strengthen, not supplant indigenous institu­ to secure through our present process of ample of effective cost-sharing in high­ tions in those countries. It is very clear here funding domestic, mission-oriented agencies energy physics. Already France and Britain that we have much to learn about how to to participate in these a-Ctivities. There are are cooperating with joint user groups for make such efforts truly effective. I will have reasons for these difficulties. They run the certain large national facilities. While lab­ a bit more to say about this later, but basi­ gamut from pure chauvinism to a gross mis­ oratories in most countries have traditionally cally I believe the key lies in creating com­ understanding of the delicate processes of received visiting foreign scientists, I believe petences within the developing societies rele­ creative technical work. We must confront it is no longer adequate to consider the con­ vant to their own needs. these difficulties. In short, I am suggesting struction of a large new facility as a matter As we progress in this discussion from that we need a U.S. policy for international of only national concern. At the very mini­ basic research toward the applied side, the science and technology. I see that as a direct mum, we should stimulate in the scientific problems of nationalism, national security, and logical extension of our national scientif­ community a global approach to facilities and proprietary interest become greater. ic and technical p-:>lides. construction and discuss frequently on an Again, I believe that we can confront these The President has asked me to submit intergovemmental basis national plans and problems responsibly and still maintain to him in May of this year the first of what priorities for major new developments. The effective interactions among us. may become an annual report on science and purpose would be to stagger these develop­ One of the key challenges facing this na­ technology. This I shall do and if it meets ments in the big science fields so that each tion and other nations as well, is finding with his approval, I would expect it to be becomes available to the best of the world's means by which technology can be advanced, transmitted to the Congress and to the na­ scientific community at a time which will shared, and applied to common problems tion as the first attempt by Executive to maximize its productivity and usefulness. without restricting our individual national blueprint our national R&D priorities. In that Space research facilities, such as an orbit­ ability to compete for markets with the report we intend to have a. chapter on inter­ ing space laboratory or an orbiting astro­ products of this technology. There are some national scientific and technical cooperation. nomical observatory, also could well qualify fine examples of how this can be done. One What I would like to do today is to tell for cooperative support. of the most cogent is the application of com­ you som·e of my personal views on the sub­ So much for basic science. There are also munications satellites for global point-to­ ject. I assume that these will be reflected to areas o'f applied research and engineering of point communication. Here we have seen the some degree in our official posture. direct social or public benefit which govern­ initial research blossom into a demonstrated Basically, we understand the advantages ments in all countries are financing. For capability and then into an international to be gaine_d in scientific cooperation-we example, effective action against drug abuse, cooperative venture. This effort follows a long understand much less about the benefits and evaluation of the long-term effects of trace tradition of international cooperation in costs of technology transfer between nations. chemicals or pesticides on plants and ani­ communications, including joint ownership In addition to the much-discussed difficulties mals, solutions to urban transit snarls, im­ of Transatlantic and Transpacific cables of technology transfer, how do we balance provement in the delivery of health care, which preceded the satellite technology and proprietary loses in technology against the protection of environmental quality and which are still being installed. The intelsat intangible benefits of cooperative ventures? combating of pollution are all areas of com­ story indicates that we should have no illu­ It is a. difficult question, but I believe that mon concern. In these areas we can minimize sions about the readiness of nations to give the only way for our country to sustain tech­ our national investments and maximize our up competitive advantages without compen­ nological leadership is to use fully our ex­ results by attacking these problems together. sating return. At the same time it is fair to cellent R&D enterprise-that is, to outper­ Indeed, there are some problems which can­ say that we have seen there a willingness form our competition through excellence. not be solved at all without international co­ to accept indirect as well as direct benefits. This view can facilitate international co­ operation. For example, controlling pollu­ By indirect benefits I mean such things as operation since it encourages the flow of in­ tion in Lake Erie or the North Sea requires a enhanced national security resulting from formation and techniques, yet insists on a coalition of governments. In cases where international stability, an enriched quality of quid pro quo. Let me discuss some of these multilateral cooperation between govern­ ments is needed, international organizations life, and better understanding of man as a thoughts more fully. biological entity. This is a hopeful sign and Cooperation in matters scientific has a can supply the means for cooperation. This approach, however, can become fragmented. it is a point of view which I think needs to long and honorable history. The free ex­ be emphasized and cultivated. Similar prom­ change of information and research results For example, I am told that many interna­ tional organizations--some 26 of them, now ising opportunities and potential problems is the basis of our scientific and professional can be see:a in several other programs in­ societies and archival journals. Even here, have pieces of the international environmen­ tal problem. We need a strategy for managing volving space-based systems now being dis­ however, there are protective mechanisms cussed as part of post-Apollo cooperation. Dr. so that individual workers and inevitably these efforts and for guiding the work of these organizations. We have thought a great deal Low mentioned these yesterday. However, their countries are recognized for their ac­ there is a specific field from my own experi­ complishments. In the commercial world, about this issue in the United States and patents and copyrights are also an important will have a U.S. position to discuss in the ence which I would like to comment upon. protective mechanism. Make no mistake 'framework of the 1972 U.N. Conference on the It is the area of computing. Here is an area these mechanisms make possible the sharing Environment in Stockholm. of intense international competition on a of scientific information through such ac­ The environment is only one example of commercial basis. Yet a group of us over tivities as professional meetings. In terms the scientific and technical issues being dealt the last few years have found a topic within of federal government policy, the support of with today in international organizations. this field which is right for international domestic research by our government im­ Furthermore, new issues are arising all of the cooperation in the best sense. plies a willingness to finance the interna­ time and as the thrust for development of As you know, computers must have pro­ tional exchange of knowledge, at the same the Third World accelerates, there will be in­ grams in order to operate. The principal in­ time insisting on proper protection. We rec­ creasing burdens placed on our international ternational competition concerns the com­ ognize, too, that often a researcher traveling machinery. This international machinery puter hardware itself and not the software, abroad can acquire a f'act or hint from a must be adequately supported and culti­ which is so vital. In fact, all countries recog­ foreign colleague that can save months of vated. This will not be a popular issue with nize that the use of computers to solve their effort at home. It is clear, however, that this Congress and many people in the United problems, public or private, is limited today process implies tight management to assure States. There has been and continues to be a not by the capabilities of the machines them­ that foreign travel is not abused. It is not feeling that money spent in the area of for­ selves but by the lack of an adequate soft­ easy to decide how much is enough in this eign affairs of international organizations ware technology for programming. A group in area. Perhaps these three-day discussions means waste, soft-headedness, and a lack of Western Europe, Canada, and the United will shed some light on the subject. We also return. I believe that this can be offset to a States has been studying for the past four 1306 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 years the possibility of an international in­ that the hour-long show has spilled over 'TNT' program we've had," says Barb. "For stitute of software engineering. The pur­ into the next half-hour time slot. The example, we did a program on welfare, With a pose of this institute would be to develop next day a civic-minded radio station re­ panel that included people from the welfare a technology for the production of software. department and people from the Welfare Lt would not develop software itself but plays the program. Rights Organization. The WRO and the peo­ would only provide the means whereby pro­ There have been many noteworthy ple here had been somewhat at odds. They grams could be produced economically and achievements of this program. Not the really hadn't coiDinunicated well; but after reliably. The well-being of nations in the least of these have been those which they appeared together on the program, com­ next twenty years will hinge on software. helped establish better communications munications were established and some posl· For example, the problems of privacy, between two welfare organizations, and tive things are beginning to come out of it. air traffic control, government operations, the establishment of active ecology As a result of our ecology program, a number of high school action groups were formed. scholarship, and education are all going to groups in the local high schools. be dependent on economical, reliable soft­ And recently, something really exciting hap­ wear. The concept of the institute il­ The Junior League has been assisted pened. We had Dick Lugar, the mayor of In· lustrates what I consider the Vital features by the League of Women Voters and the dianapolis, up talking about metropolitan of technological cooperation. A central in­ Association of University Women. government. (His wife is a League member.) stitutional group would carry out the core Mr. Speaker, it is genuine pleasure for Now the city assessor of Bay City here wants work to develop software engineering tech­ me to salute the Saginaw Junior Leaguers to bring the mayor of Nashville, a democrat, nology. Associated with this central group as well as the members of the other as­ up to show that the ideas of Unigov crosses would be at least one institution from party lines. He's willing to pay his way to sisting organizations, for their signal ac­ appear on 'TNT'.'' each member country. These members would, compli'shments through this vital com­ in turn, adapt the centrally-developed tech­ GETTING THE IDEA niques to their particular local needs. This munity service program. approach draws on the strengths of all coun­ The magazine article, a real success Barbara got the idea for this kind of story, is as follows: League community service from a Channel tries, at the same time permitting individual 19 presentation last spring concerning mile­ countries to reinforce their own capabili­ TNT--8AGINAW'S TV SUCCESS STORY age; she watched the telephone/question ties. I believe this offers a powerful model Overheard on a Michigan educational tele­ procedure and liked the immediacy of it, see­ for technological cooperation. vision station: ing this method of presentation as a way to Returning to my original comments, I "But should deviant behavior be explained believe we can suggest a policy basis for bring issues out into the open. international scientific cooperation. It is in the cla.ssroom? Suppose a teacher goes Barb talked with Channel 19's William J. simply that nations' international programs through the chapter on masturbation with Ballard and together they laid out the basic should aim to maximize the use of world­ his students, and then one day he sees a two-segment forinat. The initial program of­ Wide R&D resources and also to encourage boy in the back of the classroom doing the fers background material on a subject; it is very thing the book's been talking about." followed the next week with the call-in panel the development of new resources where "Good land, I should hope he would say they do not now exist. If this objective were discussion. Ballard asked if the Junior accepted, I believe national and proprietary in no uncertain terms that you don't do that Leagut: would produce the program, and sug­ in the classroom, and tell the boy to get his gested that perhaps other groups, also con­ interests could be protected and at the same fanny down to the principal's office.'' time the synergistic effects of cooperation cerned with public affairs, would be inter­ "That's part of the problem though. The ested. The League of Women Voters and the could be attained. schools can't teach sex in a moral Inanner. American Association of University Women I believe sex education is a parental respon­ were approached in each of the tri-cities. All sibility because only the family can explain were enthusiastic. it in terms of the principles of Christian "One huge mass meeting" was held to dis­ SAGINAW JUNIOR LEAGUE HON­ morality." cuss and decide upon topics. Volunteers for ORED FOR TV PROGRAM The program is "TNT" (the acronym for subjects ranging from abortion through pol­ "Thursday Night at Ten"), a live discussion lution and housing code enforcement were of controversial issues that encourages view­ determined, and time slots filled. er telephone calls to spur on the panel. Responsibility for presentation is divided. HON. JAMES HARVEY Conversations like the one above, on sex OF MICHIGAN Channel 19 (NET) gets the film and material education, are dynamite on television, that for the first segment, while the organization IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES medium of the innocuous, of Doris Day pink­ assigned to that subject lines up a fair panel. Monday, February 1, 1971 filtered puritanism, and the calls come in Three or four volunteers answer the phones so hot and heavy that the hour-long show and relay questions. M. Anderson Rapp, one Mr. HARVEY. Mr. Speaker, recently often spills over into the next half-hour slot. of the station's commentators, is moderator. an issue of the nationally circulated Barb Opperman, who's been a member of The League Public Affairs Committee, Junior League magazine was called to the Junior League of Saginaw for "ten holy chaired by Margaret Clark, handles the my attention because of a special article long years" started the program in October League's responsibi11ties for panel and pub­ 1969, serving as producer-coordinator for her licity. Just promoting the program has prov­ relating to the success achieved by the League placement. "It's been so incredibly Saginaw Mich., Junior League for its en an immense project. Newsletters and fun that I feel guilty because it's not League monthly bulletins have been sent to schools, part in a highly popular public affairs placement. I mean, it can't be--it's too much churches, and to asserted civic groups, de­ television program aired over the edu­ fun." pending on the program's topic. Delta Col­ cational television station connected with The program is done "for no money" on lege's public relations department and local Delta College, channel 19, and the fol­ Channel 19, an educational television station newspapers have been cooperative in promot­ lowing day on a Saginaw radio station, connected With Delta College, and is rebroad­ ing and lauding the service venture and its cast the folloWing day over WFAM, a Sagi­ results. Radio announcements are given regu­ WFAM. naw radio station which hits Saginaw, Bay Not only was I happy to read of the larly, and in January four billboards in the City, and Flint. Despite her non-existent area advertised 'TNT." accomplishment of the league because its budget, Barb has managed to produce an Response by the public has been excellent. activity encompasses the largest city in extraordinary effective opening for the pro­ That is, at least people are watching. The our Eighth District, but also because the gram: "I did that in my backyard. My hus­ phone-in average is 50 calls per program. Re­ originator of the program, Mrs. Barbara band's a pyrotechnic. He has a wholesale sponse seems to depend on the controversial Opperman, is most deserving of this na­ fireworks company, so he built a sign for us nature of the subject: the program on sex with little lances all fused together. When education, for example, generated some 100 tional recognition. My wife June, who we lit it, the letters 'TNT' just took off." was most active in the Saginaw league, calls. and I have great admiration for Mrs. IN THE BEGINNING THEY COME IN THREES Opperman's talents and dedication to The Saginaw League's present deep in­ "TNT" is but one of the three programs in volvement in television was preceded by a which the Saginaw League 1s involved, and league efforts. year devoted to studying the entire TV media Barbara Opperman is connected With all of The Junior League's panel-type TV in the area. The research committee was them. One is "Marquee," a program promot­ program is called TNT-the acronym for convinced after this survey that "TV is a ing the arts. The television committee pro­ "Thursday Night at Ten"-and is de­ wonderful and unlimited field in which the duces, acts in, and writes scripts for this pro­ signed to stimulate the community to­ surface has barely been scratched, and that gram. One girl even works on camera. "It's ward indepth thinking on many of to­ the Junior League should be strongly in­ just fabulous," says Barbara. "Wf' do things volved and take full advantage of the many like pop art and Wine as an art as well as the day's issues and potential problems. opportunities it offers." Barbara and her TV symphony and the ballet. We have people Viewers are invited to call in at the committee of six took a course in TV Produc­ who are really knowledgeable--from the area conclusion of the live panel discussion tion before plunging into the enormous task or from the state-come in and talk to us. with pertinent and timely questions. On of creating coiDinunity service programs. I'm one of the hostesses, as well as pro­ occasions, the response has been so great "Something has come out of almost every ducer-director of the program; Mary Prine- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1307 ing, also of the Saginaw League, does alter­ school system next fall. We're writing the LOW•KEr PROGRAM nate shows. Mary and I ask the dumb ques­ scripts ourselves, using everything from read­ So far the speech is the only visible sign of tions that everyone else would ask, you know, ing concepts, math concepts, dental hygiene, an intensive low-key program designed to and then we have a host, Mr. Henderson, family problems, social situations, or just achieve what once was known as bridge­ who is the arts editor of the Saginaw News. fun. Just everything. We're working in con­ building between East and West. Both the He's the solid person on the show; he gets junction with Saginaw Valley College and Commerce and State Departments already into the meat, the drag-it-down-into-the­ the Board of Education on this program. It have taken policy positions in favor of new depths sort of thing." may go throughout the country if it works. legislation to extend Export-Import Bank "The other program is called "Introspect." "So it's really just kind of . . . well, I financing and most favored nation (MFN) I'm the hostess and producer for that one guess you could say ... the Saginaw League treatment to Eastern Europeans. (MFN treat­ too. We present a person who has a hobby is really moving." ment offers tariff advantages, while Exim that is really different and exciting, but financing, terms of which are below-market, completely remote from his education or amounts to a subsidy.) Except for Yugoslavia, vocation. We had a dentist who's a magician, which enjoys both advantages, and Poland, and a guy who runs a trucking company and whioh gets MFN treatment, both now are out­ collects fire engines, real ones, and also builds HERE WE GO AGAIN ON EAST-WEST TRADE lawed for Communist countries. little teeny models." Commerce wants legislative authority to In addition to coping with three television empower the President, at his discretion, to programs--quite a load for a professional, grant Exim. financing and MFN treatment for let alone a housewife-Barbara has three HON. JOHN M. ASHBROOK any European country in the Communist children: a boy, 7, and two daughters, 5 and OF OHIO bloc. State, going even farther, seeks legisla­ 3. It's a corny question, but how does she IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES tion authorizing both advantages for all Com­ manage? munist nations with which the U.S. has dip­ "My house is dirty sometimes. But I think Monday, February 1, 1971 lomatic or trading relations (and State, by the more you have to do, the more organized the way, favors trading with Red China.) you get. If I get up in the morning and I Mr. ASHBROOK. Mr. Speaker, several don't have anything to do that day, it takes years ago over 120 Members of the House Commerce argues that the establishment of "normal" trade with Eastern Europe will be me all day to get the house pickec". up and cosponsored legislation to establish a se­ impossible without the legislation it advo­ the dishes out of the dishwasher. But I have lect committee to review this Nation's cates. The measures, it contends, would en­ a meeting at 9:30 a.m., everything is done policies regarding trade with Communist courage U.S. exporters to promote sales in by 9 :00. Besides, I only tape 'Marquee' once countries. Unfortunately, as in the case Eastern Europe and enable the European a month, two shows at a time. 'TNT' is at of many other proposals, the legislation Communists to expand their purchases from 10:00, so the kids are in bed by that time. the U.S. On this score, Mr. Scott also ob­ And I started taping 'Introspect' last sum­ was not enacted. This proposal was based on the experiences of the House Select tained a list of everything the European Com­ mer, so there wasn't that much to do this munists are willing to export to the U.S. winter. I do most of the work coordinating Committee on Export Control in 1961 Christopher Stowell, one of his assistants, 'TNT' on the phone at home. I'm not really and 1962 which reviewed and appraised told Barron's the list includes 100 products, out much." grandiose recommendations for in­ such as ham, fish, tomato sauce, cheese, wine, NEXT YEAR: PROJECT BRITE creased trade with Communist countries fresh fruit, furniture and glass. Quite a quid "Next year I'll just be doing a little bit of involving chemical processing equip­ pro quo for ball bearings and transistors. television. But I'll be working mostly in ment, machine tools and electronic BALANCE OF PAYMENTS inner-city schools. I'm involved in a project equipment. As a result of the extensive Contrary to long-standing contentions of down there that's really going to pan out to work of the select committee, not only the bridge-builders, trade with Communist be something neat. It's Project Brite military but economic restrictions were Europe, either with or without new legisla­ (Bridging Resources to Improve Teaching for made a basis for future policies. tion, is unlikely to have much effect on the Everyone). We're starting with a very deep U.S. balance of payments-it is not expected inner-city school. The Board of Education In late December and January two ex­ cellent articles appeared in Barron's, the to constitute more than 1% of total U.S. ex­ began this, and I've ·been working as a volun­ ports. According to official projections, U.S. teer. We've done things like the Career business and financial publication, which exports to Eastern European countries are put Orientation program. I've gone out and got­ update developments in this all impor­ at between $500 million and $700 million by ten tapes of black community leaders who tant field. Written by Shirley Scheibla, 1975, compared with total U.S. exports of be­ have made it--ministers, drug store owners, Barron's alert and inquisitive investiga­ tween $55 billion and $60 billion for that beauticians, and so on, who give about two tive reporter, this material provides am­ year. minutes of peptalks on tape. We play maybe ple arguments for the establishment of State, in advocating broader Communist two a week on the speaker system in the trade legislation than Commerce, reasons school, and the kids feel like the people are another House select committee to re­ view our present policies in this area. For that, if the Administration is going to make in there. The tapes just say, 'each day in the effort on Capitol Hill, it might as well school is important.' It's a black voice and a a sobering look at what the State and seek broad authority. Moreover, the Depart­ black person whom they know, at least by Commerce Departments have in store for ment argues that such authority would help name. The point is to motivate the kids to us in the East-West trade field, I include President Nixon carry out his policy of ne­ bigger things. at this point the two articles appearing gotiating with the Communists. "Then every other week we have a success­ in Barron's issues of December 28, 1970 Contrariwise, the Defense Department has ful black come into the school to talk to the fourth and fifth graders. Like one week we and January 4, 1971: consistently maintained that State and Com­ [From Barron's, Dec. 28, 1970] merce have failed to provide adequate jus­ had a program on ministers. First the kids tification for seeking such changes. Defense stud!ied a little bit about what a minister BUSY BRIDGE-BUILDERs-COMMERCE OFFICIALS is not convinced that the U.S. should re­ does, and then we had a minister come into PuSH PLANS FOR ExPANDING EAST-WEST the classroom and he talked to the kids. Each verse its policy of not lending or guarantee­ TRADE ing loans to countries with records of de­ minister had three half-hour sessions with (By Shirley Scheibla) them. It was great because it was double faults on debts, confiscation of property WASHINGTON.-For the past few months, without adequate compensation and sup­ reinforcement, both for the minister and the the Commerce Department's Director of In­ kids. I sat in on one session featuring a girl plying countries engaged in host1Uties with ternational Commerce has been quietly urg­ the U.S. (According to Senator Thurmond, who works for the Wicks Corporation. She's ing U.S. industrialists to make business deals black, an accountant. She explained what she the Soviet Union and its Eastern European with Romania, Bulgaria and other Commu­ satellites furnish Hanoi with over 80 % of did, and what sort of education she needed. nist countries. the materials used in the Vietnam war.) Just sort of a general career talk, and then The proposals include factories for the the kids asked questions. If the Administration opts for MFN treat­ manufacture of electronic components and ment, Defense suggests asking Congress for INDIGENOUS PUPPETS ball bearings, as well as several chemical it for only one Communist country at a "And then ... the neatest thing now ts plants. These ventures and others are on so­ time-and then only when assured of recip­ that we're starting a puppet program. We're called Communist shopping lists which Di­ rocal gain. Like Defense, the National Aero­ actually making black puppets. We've hired rector Harold Scott obtained during a trip nautics and Space Administration and the an artist who makes black heads. First, the he and three other Commerce officials made Atomic Energy Commission are leery of the heads were molded out of clay and then wa last summer to Eastern Europe to look into whole idea. made plaster of paris molds. We're in the the prospect of expanding East-West trade. "TEMPTATION PERSISTS" experimental stage now to see if we should Ever since, Mr. Scott has been traveling use latex, ceramic, plastic wood or papier throughout the United States, making the But Commerce's Harold Scott talks as if he mache. We'll test the puppets this summer, same speech in which he reports on his mis­ has a Congressional mandate for promoting using black voices on tape, to see which pup­ sion and seeks to whip up business senti­ U.S.-Communist trade. "The Export Admin­ pets are most successful, and which me_thod ment for increased trade with Communist istration Act said to encourage trade with the goes over best. We'll send it out into the Europe. Communists, and we started with that when 1308 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971

it went into effect the beginning of this firms has only been made at the express re­ Mr. Meyer asked the Committee to give the year," he told Barron's. In that speech, which quest of the government concerned, only to Romanian list urgent consideration. Mr. Scott has made so many times, he says the extent that government requested, and Mr. Meyer told Barron's that the U.S. gov­ he undertook his trip to Communist Europe only to U.S. firms selected by that govern­ ernment is giving Romania preferential treat­ "in conformance with the spirit of the pre­ ment. On this basis, I am sure you will un­ ment, without any explicit quid pro quo, be­ sent Export Administration Act." He adds, derstand that disclosure of these lists would cause the country is pursuing an independ­ "While in the Commerce Department it is constitute a breach of our pledge of con­ ent foreign policy. He said that when the not our mission to dream of bridge-building, fidentiality to these governments which President of Romania was in Washington re­ the temptation persists. . . ." could have most adverse consequences to cently to visit President Nixon, Commerce Close reading of the Act, however, indicates United States foreign relations with Eastern arranged for him to talk with four or five that Mr. Scott interprets it liberally indeed. Europe." businessmen at the Department. The law states: "It is the policy of the United Barron's has managed to obtain the shop­ States both (A) to encourage trade with all ping lists of Romania and Bulgaria. The Bul­ (From Barron's, Jan. 4, 1971] countries with which we have diplomatic or garian list says that country wants American­ ARSENAL OF COMMUNISM?-BRIDGE-BUILDERS trading relations, except those countries with built plants for the large-scale production of which such trade has been determined by CHANNEL STRATEGIC MATERIALS, EQUIPMENT such items as benzine, kerosene, polyester TO THE REDS the President to be against the national in­ filament, melamine, acetaldehyde and iso­ terest, and (B) to restrict the export of goods prene. The Romanian list has the following (By Shirley Scheibla) and technology which would make a signifi­ proposal for American firms to supply tech­ WASHINGTON.-The Congressional Joint cant contribution to the military potential of nology and build Romanian factories, with Atomic Energy Committee, headed by Rep. any other nation or nations which would 51% Romanian and 49% U.S. ownership: Chet Holifield (D., Calif.), may soon try to prove detrimental to the national security GETTING THEIR BEARINGS stop the export to the Soviet Union of com­ of the United States." puters which could spur the development of The three Commerce Department officials A radi•al bearing plant, with a capacity of its nuclear weaponry. who accompanied Scott on the three-week 30 to 35 million bearings per year, to begin Washington newspapers recently reported mission last June were Rauer H. Meyer, direc­ operations in 1976. Technological lines in the that when BritiSh Prime Minister Edward tor of the Office of Export Control; Ernest factory for which Romania wants U.S. help Heath was at the White House last month, Rubin, director of the Eastern European di­ include forging, lathing, primary heat treat­ he asked President Nixon to approve the sale vision of the Bureau of International Com­ ment, grinding, secondary heat treatment, as­ to the Soviets of $25 million worth of British merce; and Robert Simpson, director of the sembly bearing case manufacturing and roller computers now embargoed by NATO coun­ Office of International Commercial Relations. bodies manufacturing. Payment would be tries through the Co-ordinating Committee They visited Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, Hun­ made in bearings. (CoCom). Rep. Holifield told Barron's that gary, Poland, Romania and Yugoslavia. Production lines for electronic component he has directed his staff to look into the SHOPPING LISTS parts, including six kinds of resistors, for de­ proposed sale. If it involves advanced com­ velopment in 1971-75. In his speech, Mr. Scott says, "from each puters not otherwise readily available, the Equipment for freeze drying in a vacuum Committee, he said, probably will lodge a country visited, we obtained so-called shop­ capable of producing 1,000 metric tons a year. ping lists consisting of major technology or protest. Romania would handle the construction and NUCLEAR EDGE plants which each country is interested in pay for the equipment with freeze dried buying or co-venturing. Using these shopping products. From other sources (who requested ano­ lists we are making con tact with qualified Offshore drilling platform capable of drill­ nymity), Barron's has learned that the com­ American companies to determine interest ing in 270 feet of water, with construction puters &re the most modern the United King­ dom is capable of producing; they would take and arrange introductions. We are trying to start in 1971. "American Partner would hard to be an effective broker." provide for the equipment and materials the place of similar U.S. equipment involved During a phone conversation with Mr. which are not manufactured in Romania, as in a deal killed a year ago by the Joint Com­ Scott, Barron's sought to learn more about well as the necessary technical documenta­ mittee. That latter's interest reflects its belief the lists. At that point, he abruptly said, tion and licenses and technical assistance for that superior computers are the main reason "The Secretary (of Commerce) is calling me, construction and personnel training. The Ro­ for any nuclear edge this country and its and I have to go immediately." He then hung manian Party would pay the American Party allies may have over the Reds. up. Subsequent calls to his office brought for its participation by supplying the same A bitter intra-Administration feud has the response that he was out of the country. with Romanian-made goods. The credit would raged over the British request for months, The aforementioned Mr. Rubin told Bar­ be paid within a period agreed upon by both with the State Department leading the van­ ron's, "We're not in a position to make avail­ parties. An offer for such offshore drilling guard of proponents. According to one Capi­ able to you lists which have been made avail­ platform has been received so far from the tol Hill opponent (not Rep. Holifield): "If we able to us by other governments." Asked why Offshore Co., U.S.A." lose this one, we've lost the whole ball game, he couldn't let Barron's see them if he was Commerce has labeled the Romanian pro­ because this case can serve as a precedent showing them to industry, Mr. Rubin ex­ posals "joint ventures." According to State, for giving all Communist countries the ad­ plained that Commerce is giving only parts "'Joint ventures' or, as the Communists call vanced technology they need to equal our of the lists to particular companies. "See them, 'industrial cooperation agreements,' nuclear and other might." the Romanian Embassy for the list," he sug­ have been increasingly pushed by Commu­ Though plainly the most dramatic case, gested. nist Europe since 1964. They consist of vari­ the proposed U.K. computer deal is only one Reminded that we wanted lists covering ous cooperative business arrangements, usu­ facet of a widespread campaign by East­ more than Romania, Mr. Rubin replied, ally contracted at the company or enter­ West bridge-builders within the Administra­ "There were only one or two other countries prise level, that involve a greater degree of tion to achieve a massive liberalization of besides Romania which gave us lists. I can't Western assistance or East-West interde­ export controls. For example, the shock waves remember who they were." pendence than provided in traditional com­ are still reverberating in some quarters over the bold bid of the Commerce Department CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION? mercial transactions ... Joint ventures lo­ cated in the Communist partner's territory (still pending) for sole authority to rule on When we quoted the part of Mr. Scott's often require difficult and protracted nego­ exports of U.S. computers to Communists. speech in which he stated that his travel tiations, and they are covered by a heteroge­ Commerce admittedly lacks the expertise of group (including Mr. Rubin) obtained shop­ neous collection of complex agreements. The such agencies as the Defense Department. ping lists from each country visited, Mr. main reasons for this are the anomalous po­ Central Intelligence Agency, Atomic Energy Rubin declared, "I have to go; Mr. (Christo­ sition of joint agreements in a planned econ­ Commission and National Aeronautics and pher) Stowell will take care of your ques­ omy, and the absence of the legal and eco­ Space Administration. tions." Mr. Rubin then hung up. nomic institutions covering foreign invest­ POLICY DECISIONS Mr. Stowell said, "I'm not positive I'm al­ ment in a Communist country ... The Com­ Several other significant export control lowed to say which countries gave us lists. munist partner obtains capital and know­ cases call for policy decisions on dealing with The information is confidential. What are how from the Free World without incurring Communists. They involve French integrated you driving at? What conclusions are you fixed charges on loans which might be needed circuit manufacturing technology for Poland trying to support?" to finance outright purchase; repayment is (now embargoed by CoCom); electro-dy­ Finally, we were advised by Mr. Rubin from profits or in goods. Furthermore, the namic vibrators for Poland which could be that if we would make a request in writing technology may be quite advanced or unique, used in guided missiles and a MIG plant. in for the lists, he would take the matter up and not for sale." that country; computer components for Po­ with the general counsel of the Commerce Since items on the Romanian list would land and Romania; integrated circuit manu­ Department and others and "try to get a require licensing for export, Mr. Meyer has facturing equipment for Hungary; microwave ruling." sent the list to the Operating Committee, an equipment for Czechoslovakia. Two weeks after mailing such a request to inter-agency group which considers export The bridge-builders already have scored Mr. Rubin, and sending a copy to Commerce control problems and has members from some notable "victories," including com­ Secretary Maurice Stans, we received a reply State, Defense, NASA, AEC, Interior Depart­ puters and a rolling mill for Russia, trucks from Mr. Scott which said, in part, "The dis­ ment, Agriculture Department, and an ad­ for Red China and calculators and a petro­ closure of this trade information to U.S. visor from the Central Intelligence Agency. leum refinery for Romania. Opponents, how- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1309 ever, have succeeded in defeBiting plans for The French argue that if the U.S. has Italy was more important. Now Commerce the export of catalytic cracking technology to approved the export of computers to Mos­ is citing this case as a precedent for allow­ Poland; a computer, oil extraction equip­ cow, why not computer parts like integrated ing the export of about $2.5 million worth ment, trucks and gear-making equipment for circuits for Poland? However, they fail to o'f French trucks to Red China made with the Soviet Union; and machinery for micro­ mention that Moscow got a second-genera­ U.S. parts, including GM and Cummins en­ wave equipment for Czechoslovakia. tion computer, while integrated circuits are gines and Allison transmissions. Those British computers, manufactured by for the third. Moreover, the Moscow deal The East-West traders also scored at the International Computers Ltd., are roughly stipulated surveillance by U.S. technicians White House in Octomber 1969, when Pres­ equivalent to third-generation American to see that no military use be made of the ident Nixon, overruling objections by the units which substitute integrated circuitry computers, while the proposed Polish ven­ Defense and the Interior Departments, au­ for solid-state electronics. (The fourth gen­ ture involves no such deal, whatever it may thorized an $8 million American petroleum eration (Barron's, November 2) went on the be worth in a closed society. refinery for Romania. drawing boards in this country without any Just a few days ago the State Department MAY BE A PRECEDENT won a fight for approval of a $613,700 Japa­ breakthrough in the state of the art.) The The outcome of the French proposition, in Russians would use the British computers at nese rolling mill for Russia despite the like­ their science center at Serpukhov. Early in turn, is apt to serve as a precedent for action lihood that the end user will be the Serp 1 1969, the Soviets offered the U.S. time on on a pending United Kingdom request for Molot Plant, one of the leading Soviet pro­ their 76 Gev particle accelerator at Serpuk­ exemptions from CoCom embargos to allow ducers of high-quality steel for strategic pur­ hov in exchange for delivery of the CDC 6600 export to Hungary of $141,000 worth of in­ poses. In any event, experts explain that a tegrated circuit manufacturing equipment computer made in the U.S. by Control Data mill of that size and type is capable of roll­ Corp. The Departments of State and Com­ and a $72,000 thermo-compression ball ing hard steel and titanium used in military merce almost pushed the deal through about bonder used for producing transistors and and space equipment. a year ago when the Joint Atomic Energy integrated circuits. However, the bridge builders have suffered Committee stopped it. The push by the Commerce Department defeats, too. In September 1969 and again in for sole authority to rule on exports of U.S. April 1970, President Nixon ruled against CENSORED VERSION computers to Communists is based on a con­ exporting $25 million worth of Gleason gear­ The story unfolds in a censored version tention that present U.S. controls are in­ making equipment to the USSR which could of Committee testimony taken last March effective. The U.S. has its own list with many have been used to manufacture military ve­ and released in July. M. C. Greer of the Atom­ more items than that of CoCom. Commerce hicles. ic Energy Commission told the Committee, maintains, however, that if a computer or Defense apparently was responsible for "It still is one of the most powerful com­ computer part isn't on the CoCom list, there killing a deal early last year under which puters in the world." is no point in controlling it because the Com­ an American firm would have designed and According to Rep. Holifield, the Russians munists can get it from one of the numerous installed a $26 Inillion system 'for oil ex­ said, "We just want to use it. You can put allied countries. Thus, Commerce authority traction and gathering for Russia. a padlock on it, and we won't steal the tech­ over exports of computers only on the U.S. The Interior Department, its Petroleum nology or anything like that." Commented list would mean no control at all. and Petrochemical Task Force Group and the Rep. Holifield, "You should know what that In rebuttal, the Defense Department Defense Department successfully blocked a would amount to." argues that since most of the allies' com­ plan by Universal Oil Products Corp. of Chi­ Vice Admiral Hyman G. Rickover, the puters are dependent upon this country for cago to transfer catalytic cracking technol­ Navy's Director of Naval Reactors, testified vital parts, the U.S. exercises effective con­ ogy to Poland. Officials pointed out that, with that an Atomic Energy Commission study of trol over where most computers, even if not no quid pro quo, it would have contributed the proposal "underestimated the risks and on the CoCom list, go. Any foreign com­ significantly to the industrial capability for did not addr€SS several important consid­ puter using U.S. parts cannot be exported military support and that the technology erations. . . . The fundamental element in to another country without U.S. permission. is not readily available abroad. It would have modern technology is computers. If you give For those computers not requiring U.S. parts, served the growing petrochemical complex your best computer away, you are giving the Defense contends there has been inadequate at Plock, where oil from the Soviet Union competition the opportunity to develop the examination to determine whether they are is refined into such products as high octane technology just as rapidly as you do. . . . the equal of American makes (unlikely, since gasoline. Even if we furnished the Soviets a U.S. com­ this country's computer technology is supe­ WITHDREW APPLICATION puter and could insure it was not used for rior to that of the rest of the world). Despite disagreement among the agencies, defense purposes, having this powerful unit ASTONISHED OTHER AGENCIES that dispute did not require a White House at Serpukhov would probably free up other Commerce has further astonished other decision. In the face of what is considered · computers of Soviet design for weapons use. overwhelming opposition, Universal simply For many years this committee has seen this agencies by authorizing a $1.5 million Friden calculator program for Romania without ob­ withdrew its application. Now Interior's issue more clearly than any other commit­ aforementioned Task Force is trying to draw tee and any branch of the executive depart­ taining the assent of other federal agencies concerned. The program involves manufac­ up guidelines for similar future cases. ment. Had it not been for this committee, the State and Commerce maintained the ven­ Defense Department, the AEC and the State turing equipment and technology for desk calculators using solid-state transistors. ture was justified on the basis of special U.S. Department would have long ago given away relations with Poland. Those "special rela­ this vital technology." Commerce simply assumed that consent would be a matter of course and told the tions" emanated from the Polish uprising of Sometime this month, President Nixon is the 'Fifties. Nevertheless, there has been no expected to rule on whether the U.S. should other agencies after the fact. Now the De­ partment is trying to talk them into approv­ official reversal of U.S. policy regarding Po­ approve that $7 million French deal involving land, despite the latter's participation in integrated circuits for Poland. Like the Brit­ ing the export to Romania of insertion machinery which estensibly would be used Russia's 1968 march into Czechoslovakia and, ish computers, the circuits are the subject of of course, prior to the widespread riots in Po­ an intra-Administration feud. for the manufacture of calculators but which also could help make components for third­ land and their brutal suppression. LONG-TERM CREDIT The first article in MUs series discussed how generation computers. the State and Commerce want Export-Im­ The French company would provide the Another pending computer component case port Bank financing and most favored nation plant, manufacturing machinery and engi­ involves a U.K. request for an exception to tariff treatment for Communist nations. If neering know-how and would train the Po­ a CoCom embargo to permit it to sell Poland the two departments obtain these goals, fur­ lish technicians. The French government the technology for manufacturing strategic ther liberalization of export controls and would provide long-term credit, with repay­ line printers. The U.S., which finds itself trade with Communists is bound to result. ment by barter. Reportedly the transaction divided on the case, has not yet made known So far the agencies have fa.i,led to reconcile would furnish enough technology to enable its position. Opponents contend that many their advocacy of more East-West trade with Poland to meet the military and civilian need of the printers manufactured with this tech­ present policies regarding Rhodesia and for these circuits for all the countries of nology would be exported to Russia and South Africa. While neither poses a military Communist Eastern Europe. other Eastern European countries and would threat to this country, the 'Administration The French think they have two prece­ enable them to transform a completely in­ bans military exports to South Africa and dents to assure them of U.S. consent. For adequate precision mechanics sector of the maintains such strict embargos against Rho­ one thing, this country already haa approved computer industry into one equal to that of desia that it deprives the U.S. of vitally­ the first stage of a deal in which the cir­ the Free World. needed chromite. cuits would be the final step. This one in­ Last July the bridge-builders won a nota­ Foes of the bridge-builder point out that, volved supplying Poland with $2 million ble victory when President Nixon approved instead of encouraging independence which worth of silicon transistor manufacturing the export to Red China of $30 million worth Communism does not encompass, additional machines. of Perlin! trucks made in Italy with Gen­ help from the West will stave off collapse The other precedent is U.S. sanction of eral Motors engines, overruling opponents of inefficient Socialist systems and enables the export of two British 4-70 computers, who pointed out that the trucks could serve them to continue to concentrate on arms valued a.t $5 million, to a. research institute military purposes. Reportedly, he wa.s per­ production. Without help, the Reds would in Moscow. These are second-generation com­ suaded by the argument of State and Com­ be forced to produce more non-military items ,, puters which replace tubes with transistors. merce that maintaining good relations with to earn the foreign exchange for imports to

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, .. . 1310 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 offset the shortages of their own making that his every need will be taken care of attention to what our Government is under a system inferior to free enterprise. whether he works or not, stands little chance doing right and to make sure we do not Barron's closing comment in an editorial of developing a strong character. His own on East-West trade, published on January 16, natural eagerness to learn and to grow and reform or change ourselves into more 1967, bears repeating today: "There remains to excel is cut off at the very beginning of bureaucracy, more unneeded expense a final, supreme consideration for any Amer­ his life, and he may never know the thrill of and more problems. ican businessman who may still hanker after achievements on his own. A child who is en­ In this light, I would like to bring to elusive profit from selling to the Commu­ couraged early to earn extra pennies, by the attention of my colleagues an arti­ nists. He must decide in his own private con­ shining shoes or selling newspapers or doing cle from the New York Times. The arti­ science whether the profit is worth the per­ household tasks, stands a much better sonal risk that some day, soon or late, on chance of reaching them than a child who cle concerns the Interstate Commerce some near or distant battlefield, his neigh­ is taught to do nothing. Commission, a Federal agency that has bor's son or his own may be struck down by We have achieved a higher standard of received quite a bit of criticism of late a weapon which his zeal for trade put into living, given more, helped more, and been and has been a topic of interest to profes­ an enemy's trade put into an enemy's hand.'' more alert to the needs of our citizens than sional reformers for some time. any people, under any other form of gov­ The New York Times points out the ernment in the history of the world . . . ICC, under the direction of its new and I, for one, do not want to lose it. I be­ Chairman, Mr. George Stafford, has be­ LAWRENCE WELK SPEAKS OUT ON lieve one of the reasons our countl,'y has been come a public defender of passenger GUARANTEED INCOME able to accomplish so much is that our founding fathers and early immigrants had service. Seldom, if ever, do we hear of a the freedom to dream great dreams and work Government agency that is so public hard to achieve them. We must not lose this oriented-an agency that goes out of its HON. 0. C. FISHER right. way to defend the public's right. OF TEXAS Rather than give a man money, simply In my home State of Kansas, an area IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES because he exists ... let us educate him to the glory that can be found in work . . . most vulnerable to any change in rail Monday, February 1, 1971 and then bend every effort towards helping service, the Commission's latest defense Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, the re­ him find and hold a job. I do not think it is of passenger rights is most welcome and nowned orchestra leader and television ever too late to help a man accomplish this, appreciated. So often our governmental personality Lawrence Welk recently no matter what his condition in life. We can agencies are the subjects of criticism, start right now by educating our people to both from the executive branch and the made some interesting comments on the the fact that this is still the land of oppor­ Congress, and so often neither group of­ proposed guaranteed annual income. He tunity, and that any job . . . no matter how fers any constructive suggestions or di­ said: lowly . . . can lead to a successfUl and happy rection. In light of recent criticism, it is The most destructive aspect of the guar­ life if it is performed with spirit and en­ anteed wage plan, it seems to me, is the fact thusiasm. Our primary goal should be to most gratifying to see the Interstate that it endangers our free-enterprise sys­ build the character of the man who is doing Commerce Commission protecting the tem ... and I believe with all my heart the job, for in this way we will build the public. that this is the best system the world has character of the nation as well. Mr. Speaker, I commend this article ever known. We have made tremendous progress in the to the attention of all of my reform­ fields of science and technology. We have In an article in Christian Economics, learned how to send a man to the moon and minded colleagues: Mr. Welk aired his views on this subject probe the underside of the sea. We have SURPRISE FRIEND FOR PASSENGERS in these words: learned how to split the atom and harness The most remarkable aspect of the Inter­ the energy of the sun. We have built giant state Commerce Commission's attack on the Numerous spokesmen today are advancing computers that do incredibly complex jobs the theory that a guaranteed annual wage inadequacy of the projected national rail­ for us. But we have neglected our most im­ road passenger network is the source of the plan for every person in the United States portant obligation. We have neglected our criticism itself. The I.C.C. has a spotty, not would solve our hard-core unemployment primary duty to build men. to say imperceptible, record as a public de­ problem and dramatically alleviate the suf­ I think we began to get into serious trouble fender of passenger service. It often seemed fering of our poor. I share very deeply the when we took God out of our schools and more accommodating to the railroads' d-esire common concern we all feel for these terrible out of our hearts. We need to re-introduce to discontinue trains than to the passengers' conditions ... but I believe there is a better basic moral values into our lives. We need to need to ride on them. solution than a guaranteed annual wage. affirm again those American verities of hope Thus the commission's charge that the I speak not as a politician or a states­ and courage and faith ... the principles of rail network proposed by the new, quasi­ man ... but simply as a father, a business fair play and integrity, and an honest day's governmental National Railroad Passenger man, an orchestra leader and a concerned work for a day's pay. Corporation is far too limited only under­ citizen of this country which I love so very Somehow I feel that the real answer to our scores the extent of those deficiencies. In his much. I have known extreme poverty in my difficult problems can best be found in the letter to the Department of Transportation, lifetime, and I have been blessed with a teachings of Christ. He spoke of the dignity I.C.C. Chairman George Stafford argues measure of success, and I have had a unique of the individual human being. He demon­ rightly that the determination of proper opportunity during these past forty-five strated through the love and compassion passenger service entails more than cost­ years in show business to observe human of his own life how valuable each human accounting. The railroads' role in the battle nature at work. I base most of my objections soul is. against automotive poisoning of the air must to the wage plan on the lessons I have been A human being is far too valuable to be surely be taken into account in any fed­ able to learn through practical experience paid off in money. A human being grows and erally subsidized restructuring. and observation. prospers through the dignity of work. Introduction of Metroliners on the New Under the guaranteed annual income plan York-Washington run demonstrates that four thousand dollars has been suggested as even a modest venture into technological the minimum amount for a family of four. improvement can turn the tide. Efficient If the head of the household earns part of SURPRISE FRIEND FOR train service through all of Western Europe that sum, the government will make up the PASSENGERS has proven that the railroads can be both difference. If, however, he earns nothing at a national asset and a boon to tourism. It all ... the government will pay him the full is a devastating commentary on the Ameri­ amount. HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS can deterioration of rail service that the­ To my way of thinking this is a negative United States today has fewer than 400 in­ approach which does not solve the basic OF KANSAS tercity passenger trains, compared with 1,00()' problem. Instea~ of inspiring and helping a. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ln Britain, 850 in France and over 500 in man fulfill his potential by working to sup­ Monday, February 1, 1971 West Germany. Governor Rockefeller's warn­ port himself and his family, it actually en­ ing that the proposed rail network would courages him to sit back and do nothing, Mr. SEBELIDS. Mr. Speaker, today we isolate upstate New York and cut virtually­ secure in the knowledge that the government hear of constant concem and interest all rail travel links with Canada further em­ will take care of him. This destroys his ini­ regarding the obvious need for our Gov­ phasizes the total inadequacy of existing tiative and his will to succeed. It robs him of ernment to respond to the needs of our plans. his natural human dignity, and even the Nation and its people. There is a great The I.C.C.'s defense of passenger rights: right to direct his own life. makes it imperative that Transportation Sec­ I am also concerned about the effect such tide of support for reform and responsi­ retary John Volpe come forward with a much a guaranteed wage plan would have on our ble change throughout our Government. more comprehensive design. Failure to do SO> children. A child raised in an atmosphere Of course, reform and change are would show blatant disregard for the public: of defeat and apathy, and taught to expect needed, but I think we also need to pay interest. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1311 REORGANIZATION PLAN "MAKES Cabinet department to handle parklands and Therefore, it was impressive for us to SENSE" TO DOMESTIC AFFAIRS another forest lands? What are the distinc­ note that spokesman for the numerous tions that require one department to handle EXPERT wilderness areas and another recreational non-Russian people within the Soviet areas? Should all these functions be com­ Union rallied in support of the Jews who bined in one department of natural have recently been subject to trials and HON. LEE H. HAMILTON resources? other forms of persecution. OF INDIANA The answers are likely to be just about Of special interest was the following IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES those that the Administration has reached. release issued by the American Latvian But institutional change must not stop at Monday, February 1, 1971 Association on the subject of persecution the last page of the Federal Government or­ of minority people within the U.S.S.R.: Mr. HAMIT..TON. Mr. Speaker, Joseph ganizationail manual. The problems of our society are increas­ PERSECUTION OF JEWISH AND 0rHER MINORITY Califano, President Johnson's special as­ ingly multijurisdictiona.l. To plan and exe­ PEOPLE BY THE SOVIET RUSSIAN REGIME sistant for domestic affairs, has com­ cute economic development programs in The Board of Directors of the American mented favorably on the Federal Govern­ terms of a state boundary is as arbitrary as Latvian Association in the United States ment reorganization scheme presented in the line the Pilgrims drew some three hun­ passed the following resolution at its meet­ President Nixon's state of the Union ad­ dred years ago. The resources and conditions ing on January 9, 1971 in New York, N.Y. dress. Mr. Califano notes that: that affect prosperity and poverty extend "We protest the recent sentencing of eleven over entire regions-New England, the Great Jews in the Soviet Union to death or long ... man's technology and aspirations have imprisonment. Their only crime was to try changed so much faster than his institutions Lakes, Appalachia. The problems of pollution, water and power to leave the Soviet Union to go to Israel, that we face a major crisis if these institu­ their spiritual and historical homeland. In tions cannot be adapted to serve him. supplies and transportation span huge areas. New levels of cooperation in which resources our judgment that is no crime but an at­ His remarks from the January 29, 1971, can be pooled and shared must replace ego­ tempt to exercise individual freedom and New York Times, follow: centric and bureaucratic lines. choice. The responsibility of states must not be The Jewish and other minority people in THE NIXON PLAN MAKES SENSE clouded by archaic notions of sovereignty. the Soviet Union are persecuted because of (By Joseph A. Califano, Jr.) Economic development is much more effec­ their religious beliefs and national aspira­ (Joseph A. Califano Jr., now a. Washington tive on a regional basis; water and air pollu­ tions. There is abundant evidence that this attorney, was President Lyndon Johnson's tion problems cannot be solved without persecution is well planned and ha.s as its special assistant for domestic affairs) cleaning the whole river basin or the entire goal a complete obliteration of all religious WASHINGTON.-The President's proposal to airshed. groups and ethnic units. Such process started reorganize eight of the Cabinet departments The web of government extends into the in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia after the into four departments-human resources, county commissioner's office, city hall and Soviet Russian Military invasion of these in­ the local neighborhood. Here the confronta­ dependent Baltic states in 1940. It is contin­ community development, natural resources, uing today and the deported and killed Lat­ and economic development--will raise the tion between the citizen and his government can become a most horrendous maze. vians, Lithuanians and Estonians are re­ hackles of virtually every special interest placed by Russians. group in Washintgon. Bureaucratic problems between mayors and other metropolitan officials must be sub­ We are aware that the Soviet government But the plan should make abundant good is planning trials of more Jews in Riga and sense to conservatives and liberals alike. It merged. New taxing jurisdictions must be devised. The parasitical relationship of sub­ elsewhere because of their aspirations and should be particularly appealing to those of attempts to go to Israel. This persecution ot us who believe in a strong Presidency and urbanites with the large tax base to inner city residents With the decreasing tax base Jews and other minority people constitutes who have struggled with the problems of con­ a genocide. Therefore, we ask all people to ducting coherent domestic policies in the must be re-emmined. Suburban workers and visitors in the central city must bear a fair join us in our protests about the persecution present organizational framework. of Jews, Latvians, Lithuanians, Estonians For conservatives, the four new depart­ share of the services they use. Moreover, scarce human and physical resources must be and other minority people in the Soviet ments offer opportunities to eliminate over­ Union. lapping programs and for more efficient op­ pooled. Within the cities themselves, lines of au­ The defender of individual and civil rights eration and cost reduction. For liberals the Jan Yachimovics, before he was imprisoned proposed organizational changes could be a thority and control must be established with clarity, fairness and firmness. Mayors must by the Soviet authorities in Latvia, wrote a long .step forward in our ability to convince public letter. In it he gave a long account of the American taxpayer that we are providing be given more power vis-a-vis city councils, city departments and county officials. James the Soviet persecutions and encouraged peo­ government machinery capable of giving ple to protest the imprisonment of thou­ them something for the taxes they are pay­ Reston put it as well as anyone in his col­ umn calling New York's Mayor "a goat called sands of Latvians in the Mordovi·an and Sibe­ ing. rian slave labor camps. The regime is strong Twentieth-century problems will not be scape." If we are going to hold our mayors responsible for so much, we should give them only because the people are down on their solved with nineteenth-century organiza­ the authority to fulfill that responsibility. knees, he cried out and invited people to tions. The Federal Government cannot hope Institutional and organization problems stand up and be counted. Today Jachimovics efficiently to administer over 400 major do­ tend to be considered dull and superficial. is imprisoned in an insane asylum. mestic programs with an organization that At this time in the development of our gov­ American Latvian Association, represent­ was set up to handle forty. ernment--at every level-this is far from the ing Americans of Latvian heritage, takes a The time is long overdue to rearrange the case. Indeed, man's technology and aspira­ stand to promote individual and national old-line agencies. As anyone who has worked tions have changed so much faster than his freedom of all people suffering under an un­ in the Federal Government discovers, coord­ institutions that we face a major crisis if just and cruel rule. ination is no substitute for getting the boxes these institutions cannot be adapted to serve in the right place, for giving to the President him. President Nixon appears to have pro­ one man with enough authority to be held posed a good start at the Federal level. Let's responsible for natural resource development, hope it will inspire similar efforts throughout NEWARK MAYOR GffiSON TESTI­ human resources, or community develop­ the states, cities and counties of our nation. FIES ON URBAN CRISIS ment. Smaller agencies respond to Presidential leadership only in the minds of the most HON. PETER W. RODINO, JR. naive students of government administra­ OF NEW JERSEY tion. Under the myth of reportnig directly to CONSTANT PERSECUTION OF NON­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the President, these agencies operate as inde­ RUSSIAN PEOPLE IN U.S.S.R. pendent fiefdoms. Monday, February 1, 1971 The Nixon proposals come out of the work of task forces that have studied this prob­ Mr. RODINO. Mr. Speaker, Newark, lem in both the Johnson and Nixon Admin­ HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI N.J., Mayor Kenneth A. Gibson in testi­ istrations. Anyone who looks at the present OF ILLINOIS fying before the Joint Economic Com­ organization of our domestic departments IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES mittee last week explicitly enunciated the begins to ask the same questions. For ex­ gravity of the crisis with which Newark ample: Monday, February 1, 1971 and our Nation's cities are plagued. And Where does education end and job train­ Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, 1s I would like to bring to the attention of ing begin? Where does health end and nutri­ it tion begin? Should all education and skill­ important for us to keep in mind that my colleagues the following recent edi­ giving programs, as well as nutrition and the Soviet Union is in fact a giant slave torial from the Star-Ledger: health programs, be in one department of state in which constant persecution is URBAN PETITION human resources? committeed against the non-Russian Mayor Gibson certainly did not pull any What are the distinctions that require one people within the U.S.S.R. punches in his appearance before the Joint 1312 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971

Congressional Economic Committee, depict­ manufactured a fiction out of whole cloth that they must "strike." This timely edi­ ing Newark as the "most decayed and finan­ for some devious purposes of his own. Hoover, torial follows: cially crippled city in the nation." they shrieked, should resign. The mayor put it in blunt terms in de­ Well, sir, a federal grand jury in Harris­ No IDLE THREAT scribing the harrowing conditions that afflict burg, Pa., has now indicted the Berrigan John Flood, president of the Combined urban communities. It will take nothing less brothers and four others on charges that they Counties Police Association [CCPA], has than a "bold affirmative commitment" from conspired to kidnap presidential foreign pol­ given the Labor Laws Study Commission fur­ Congress "before it is too late" to prevent the icy adviser Henry Kissinger and blow up ther reason to submit a substantial report complete collapse and deterioration of the heating ducts in government buildings. We in the near future. Flood's organization, nation's cities. Mr. Gibson made it eminent­ remind our readers that an indictment is not formerly known as the Cook County Police ly clear that this urban catastrophe could a conviction, and we are not commenting Association [also CCPA], has reacted only be averted by massive infusions of fed­ here on the truth of charges that are made. strongly to what befell it in Waukegan. After eral funds. Guilt or innocence will be properly decided getting what it wanted in a series of subur­ Newark's problems may be aggravated, but in a courtroom. ban police strikes, CCPA hit a snag. Wauke­ they serve as a graphic microcosm of Amer­ What we are pointing out is that Hoover gan did not knuckle under as expected; when ica's urban ills. What has occurred in the said an investigation was under way, what 54 policemen refused to obey an order to re­ state's largest city is an old and oft-told story it involved, who it involved, and that he was turn to work, the city Civil Service Coxnmis­ that could be applied with chilling parallel to the country's top police officer making an sion fired them. Mayor Robert Sabonjian any other large municipality. official report to a committee of the U.S. a.sked for and got the services of lllinois state You name them-New York, Los Angeles, Senate on a matter of grave national concern. troopers to fill the vacuum. Chicago, Cleveland, Detroit, ad infinitum. He told it the way it was. His distractors Now Flood says, "instead of taking 70 guys The list is long, and it keeps getting longer. owe him an apology. out at once we'll have to go out with hun­ In appealing for greatly expanded federal dreds." The strategy is to get numerous po­ subsidies, Mr. Gibson was in effect speaking lice forces mobilized to strike simultaneously, for mayors of all large cities afflicted with in numbers prohibitive of even the briefest widespread physical obsolescence, social replacement by state troopers. Policemen in STRTIKES BY PUBLIC EMPLOYEES New York and Milwaukee have just demon­ blight, unemployment, astronomical costs ENDANGER THE NATION and shrinking revenue bases, rising welfare strated that policemen are entirely capable caseloads, soaring crime rates and changing of the mass walkouts Flood is planning for population composites. HON. ROBERT McCLORY lllinois municipalities. The mayor, in his relatively short time in This state [among others] needs new, un­ office, has become intimately-and painful­ OF ILLINOIS equivocal legislation concerning strikes by ly-aware of the debilitating syndrorr:e of the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public employes. We urge the Labor Laws Study Commission to act with dispatch, and ailing big city. And he has sought to impress Monday, February 1, 1971 the gravity of the urban crisis on federal the legislature to define quickly the stat­ legislators and members of the Nixon Admin­ Mr. McCLORY. Mr. Speaker, when the utory public interest where strikes by public istration. All that he has been able to evoke employees are concerned, in new law with Boston police went on strike in 1919, the explicit teeth. We cannot conceive that any thus far is sympathetic understanding and then Governor of Massachusetts Calvin legislature, even in this perxnissive age, is pre­ little, if nothing, in the way of tangible com­ Coolidge called out the State militia, who pared to countenance strikes by policemen, mitments. took over the policing of the city. firemen, and prison guards. Are sanitary dis­ But Mr. Gibson appears to be indomitable; he is determined to keep petitioning at the Governor Coolidge won national rec­ trict workers' services much less essential? seat of power in Washington until he gets ognition for his prompt and decisive ac­ Teachers'? Prison guards'? The assignments tion. Shortly thereafter he was elected of mental hospital staffs? Wherever the leg­ more in return than lip service, a historical islature draws the line, it should state severe staple in the nation's capital. Vice President and then President of the penalities for disregard of the law, and these United States. Coolidge declared: penalties must be rigorously enforced. There is no right to strike against the Of course, public employes are not slaves. public safety by anybody, anywhere, any Public employment has to offer pay ade­ APOLOGIES TO HOOVER time. quate to attract qualified applicants. But it is intolerable to permit incumbent public em­ While Coolidge's position continues to ployes to extort ever higher salaries for them­ HON. SAM STEIGER have general acceptance, the current selves by threatening to disrupt essential OF ARIZONA wave of strikes by policemen, firemen, public services if their demands are not met. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES and other public employees seems to Experience in numerous cities, in illinois and elsewhere, has shown that these threats Monday, February 1, 1971 have caused relatively little concern among citizens--or public officials. are not idle. The possibiilty of making such threats must be eliminated. Mr. STEIGER of Arizona. Mr. Speaker, State police and National Guard per­ under the leave to extend my remarks in sonnel have been called out in many in­ the REcORD, I include the following arti­ stances to protect the public where the cle from the Phoenix Gazette, January public safety has been ignored by strikes THE 1971 SENATE YOUTH 15,1971: of public employees. PROGRAM APOLOGIES TO HOOVER An editorial which appeared in the There is a campaign by the Communist­ Chicago Tribune issue of Friday, Janu­ loving New Left not only to force J. Edgar ary 29, draws attention to the threat HON. LAWRENCE J. HOGAN Hoover out of his job as director of the Fed­ which could result if police in a number OF MARYLAND eral Bureau of Investigation, but to smear his name so badly in the process tha.t nobody of localities should go on strike simul­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would ever again pay any attention to any­ taneously. This kind of threat, uttered Monday, February 1, 1971 thing he might say. by a militant leader of a police ''union," It is understandable that the actual Amer­ should revive support for the firm posi­ Mr. HOGAN. Mr. Speaker, I feel very ican Reds and their conscious sympathizers tion taken by Governor Coolidge-which privileged to have been able to partici­ would participate in the effort. Hoover is is as clearly applicable-and vital-to­ pate today in the 1971 U.S. Senate youth one of their most capable and dangerous day as it was in 1919. program sponsored by the William Ran­ enemies, and to get him out of their way The Boston police of that day were dolph Hearst Foundation. would be a momentous victory. It is more underpaid and overworked to a far great­ This program, created by a Senate difficult to find cause for the actions of some other Americans who seem to have joined er degree than any police in America resolution nearly 10 years ago, is a rich­ the get-Hoover vendetta. today. Still, the grievances today may be ly satisfying experience both for the We have in mind the columnists, TV com­ as great as those of the Boston police. young people who come to the Nation's mentators and politicians who whooped up a But there is no surer way to produce Capitol to learn the machinery of the storm of derision for Hoover after he testi­ martial law, national curfews-or worse. Federal Government firsthand and for fied under questioning at a U.S. Senate hear­ than for strikes by public employees to those of us who are able to share our ex­ ing Nov. 27 that a plot to kidnap a highly proliferate to the point where citizens periences in government with them. placed government official was under investi­ gation, and that the inquiry involved the will demand protection--even at the I was proud to learn, Mr. Speaker, that draft-protesting, bond-skipping priest, the sacrifice of individual freedoms. one of my constituents, Luis L. Granados Rev. Philip Berrigan and his brother, Daniel, The Tribune editorial articulates a ill, of Takoma Park, Md., was selected also a priest. You'd have thought that Hoover message that needs to be heard-par­ to participate in this 1971 program. I had viciously, irresponsibly and untruthfully ticularly by public employees who feel congratulate Luis for the scholastic and February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1313 extracurricular accomplishments which hardworking. To say otherwise is no service E's" as a formula for reducing auto fatali­ merited him the opportunity to partici­ to anyone. ties. They were "education, engineering and pate in this program. I think most of us heartily concur in enforcement." these sentiments. Now, Transportation Secretary John Volpe Mr. Speaker, I would like to offer my has revamped the expression of major em­ congratulations to another person asso­ phases in this field to "the man, the machine ciated with the Senate youth program, ELIMINATING DRUNK DRIVERS and the highway." and that is Mr. Ira P. Walsh, the direc­ In many ways, the two mottoes are saying tor of the program. He has done an out­ the same thing. standing job in coordinating these pro­ HON. LAMAR BAKER "The man," that is, the driver, is stlll the grams. My own association with Ira key factor in the equation. The current at­ OF TENNESSEE tention to getting the drunken driver-and, Walsh goes back much farther than the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES in many circles, the word has been changed 10 years that the program has been in Monday, February 1, 1971 from "drinking" to "drunken" on the theory existence. Ira Walsh was my mentor back it is the habitual, the problem, the heavy in high school when I served as the first Mr. BAKER. Mr. Speaker, it was most drinker who is the cause of so many mis­ editor-president of the Scholastic Sports encouraging to me to learn that Secre­ haps, rather than the social imbiber who Association which he founded while he tary of Transportation John Volpe and might be called a "drinking driver"-in­ was associated with radio station WWDC Secretary of Health, Education, and volves both education and enforcement. There must first be the effort to keep the here. Welfare Elliot Richardson recently true alcoholic from behind the wheel Mr. Speaker, last year the members signed an interagency alcohol safety through impressing him or his associates of the Senate Advisory Committee for countermeasures agreement to reempha­ with the dangers involved; then there must the U.S. Senate youth program stated size to the American public the danger be the enforcement followup to impose the following: inherent in drinking and driving on our penalties heavy enough to be deterrents for With few exceptions over the years, the highways. They will have my support in those who are guilty of driving while drunk. delegates and their Senate representatives the advancement of any joint effort to The element of engineering nowadays is have apparently experienced little of the eliminate drunk drivers from the Na­ present both in the improved highways, built much discussed "generation gap" or "lack of to carry heavier traffic loads with greater tion's highways. safety, and in the automobiles themselves, communication." Indeed, at the height of the As a member of the Tennessee General question-and-answer periods, it seemed that built to comply with higher federal safety communicating '\"as thick and fast while the Assembly, I had the honor of sponsoring standards. maturity and knowledge of the students and seeing enacted our implied-consent But, of course, words are meaningless with­ bridged whatever "generation gap" may have law which requires any person arrested out results. Secretary Volpe can point to the existed. for driving under the influence of an in­ fact that 1,100 fewer fatalities occurred in 1970 than in the previous year despite more This is very heartening, Mr. Speaker. toxicant to submit to a mandatory test or cars and more miles driven. That's progress, In fact, in meeting with these young have his license revoked. anyway it is expressed. people today, I began to believe that we The breath-testing requirement of our may very well be experiencing a return law has been in operation since Decem­ to those qualities of life which have made ber 1, 1970. The highway patrolmen in this Nation what it is. Perhaps the all districts have been trained to give the NIXON'S OMISSIONS freaked-out generation of the 1960's is tests. They collect breath specimens and dying with the birth of the 1970's. Let us submit them to one of three alcohol test­ ing laboratories, each of which is super­ HON. BENJAMIN S. ROSENTHAL hope so. vised by an M.D. or Ph. D. with special OF NEW YORK I have always been convinced, even training in toxicology and alcohol test­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES dw·ing the height of the disturbances ing. on our Nation's college campuses and Monday, February 1, 1971 It is the plan of the department of high schools, that the great majority of Mr. ROSENTHAL. Mr. Speaker, an our young people espouse the same beliefs public health, which supervises this ac­ historian, Thomas H. Greer, has written that most loyal Americans espouse, far tivity, to hold a series of educational a brief and perceptive analysis of the different from their counterparts who, seminars throughout the State dealing state of the Union message of President for such a long period of time, have been with the implied consent law, alcohol Nixon. Professor Greer has, with a per­ the featured attraction on the evening effects, and the laboratory support pro­ spective eminently appropriate to his news. This belief is reaffirmed again every gram. We have 75 percent of our counties calling, described in a recent letter to time I participate in programs such as submitting breath samples to the labora­ the editor of the New York Times, what the Senate youth program. The great ma­ tories now. Through this educational the President's message did not say. His jority of our young people are good, ra­ program, we hope to have 100 percent letter follows: tional, and humanitarian patriots who participation soon. It is probably too early to see what NIXON'S OMISSIONS are conscientiously seeking the best qual­ To THE EDITOR; effect this law is going to have in re­ ity of life for themselves and their fellow In his State of the Union address on Jan. men. ducing the number of drunk drivers in 22 President Nixon produced a kind of mas­ This point was made most eloquently Tennessee. A great deal will depend upon terpiece. He himself suggested that his in an editorial in the Christian Science the enforcement it receives. Our State speech was perhaps the greatest message Monitor last April which stated as fol­ program can benefit from the thrust presented to COngress since the founding of which is put behind the national pro­ the Republic, and in one sense he was cor­ lows: gram Secretary Volpe and Secretary rect. It was a masterly evasion of the central Even if we confine ourselves .to that pro­ Richardson have in mind. problems of our time. portionately small segment of youth which What are the central problems of our is most active in questioning today's in­ By the same token, Tennessee's pro­ time? First and foremost, there is the prob­ herited values, we by no means find that gram could become a part of the na­ lem of war-the present war in Asia and the the majority are copping out, placing vague tional effort which must be made if we wars for which we are preparing. Next is the mysticism above rationality or reason, or are going to deal effectively with this all-devouring arms race which continues to avoiding their fellow human beings in favor problem. threaten human existence and to drain away of animals. And to imply that this is true The prospects for making further our human, physical and financial resources. of all youth is the height of irresponsibility. Third is the problem of creating effective Such accusations against youth are an gains in reducing highway deaths is international controls to provide global or­ example of missing the forest because of a good. As evidence, I wish to call atten­ der, health, food and the other necessaries few trees. It cannot be denied that the in­ tion to an editorial appearing in the or life for an exploding world population. All creased tempo, the greater nervousness, the January 24 edition of the Chattanooga, of these problems profoundly affect the state speed of various kinds of permissiveness, the Tenn., Times. Under leave to extend my of the Union. problems which rack contemporary society remarks, I include the editorial "Safety On the strictly domestic scene, these are have produced a higher degree of alienation Gains" in the Appendix of the RECORD: the central needs: a drastic reordering of among youth than formerly. But we are con­ United States patterns of production, con­ vinced that the great majority of young SAFETY GAINS sumption and life style in keeping with our people, regardless of higher hemlines and Safety-minded om.cials and organizations diminishing resources and mounting pollu­ lower hairlines, are still hard-headed and once said they concentrated on the "three tion. Needed are the elimination of poverty CXVII--88-Part 1 1314 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 and unemployment, rebuilding of the na­ parture for Miami the area was cleared and to the President of the United States tional rail network, provision for mass tran­ now is a model par+; of downtown. He had each year. a major hand in it. sit in urban communities, rehabllitation of I found of particular interest, while the core cities and ghettos and accelerated In proportion the blight of Greater Miami programs for sound low-cost housing. We probably is greater. In the 14 years since noting this latest address, Mr. Edwards' must have sweeping reform of our anti­ Mr. Sofge first became assistant director of remarks where he said: quated court and prison systems, improved the old Miami Housing Authority 4,500 pub­ You and I know, but let us make every ef­ and universal health service, purification of lic housing units have replaced some of the fort to have young people understand that air and water and guarantees of immediate worst shacks and shanties. we know, that we have every reason to be and powerful aid to the nonwhite and other Progress also has been made at the private ever grateful for our heritage as Americans. "trapped" groups. Students and educational level. In neither sector is it sufficient. The It is right and proper for all to be proud, instituions at all levels must have more expressways have displaced thousands of humbly proud, to be Americans. I hope we fundS. A general de-escalation is called for slums dwellers without creating any hous­ adults will never cease to be as long as we Of threats, violence, and repression through­ ing replacements. live, and I have a hope for you young per­ out the society. But Haley Sofge's example surely will chal­ sons present and those of your generation What dld we hear in the speech? While lenge the community to pursue as avidly his across the land. the President touched upon some of the cen­ goals. "He really was emotionally and intel­ I hope you will never become so sophis­ tral problems facing the nation, he gave lectually committed to the public housing ticated that you will consider true patriotism chief attention to matters of secondary im­ process," attests Martin Fine, an attorney to be old-fashioned and outmoded. I hope portance (e.g., revenue sharing and Cabi­ who has been in the forefront of the hous­ your love for your country and respect for net reorganization). He also declared that ing program for many years. "He was an in­ its ideals will grow as you grow in knowledge the place in history of the 92d Congress will novator, he was creative and he was daring. and experience in life, that you will do your depend upon how well it carries out hiS And all of these are minimum statements part to make America ever better in the years proposals. about Haley." to come. I hope you will never fail to keep As an historian I should say, rather, that Indeed, they are. They encompass as well the American dream alive in your hearts de­ its place will depend upon how quickly the his leadership in the construction of hous­ spite all the disappointments that you may Congress disposes of the President's diver­ ing, much of it architecturally distinguished, come so that others to follow after you will sionary agenda-and what it does about the for senior citizens. have the same grand opportunity. central problems of our time. The citizen (to say nothing of the news­ For this is the greatest nation on earth. paper) often grouses with good reason about The wealthiest. The most powerful. The most government employes. Too often both are charitable. And, with all of its human frail­ slow to recognize excellence and to acknowl­ ties, the noblest of all. edge dedication. OUTSTANDING PUBLIC SERVANT Mr. Speaker, believing that my col­ RETIRES Thomas Jefferson could say in the last years of his Presidency that "I have the leagues will find the entire address by consolation of having added nothing to my Mr. Edwards timely and of interest, I in­ HON. DANTE B. FASCELL private fortune during my public service, and sert it at this point in the RECORD: of retiring with hands as clean as they are OF FLORIDA Thank you, Mr. President. empty." Of such stuff were the nation's first I am grateful for this privilege to have a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES public servants. part in keeping alive a cherished tradition Monday, February 1, 1971 In a time of cynicism, suspicion and doubt that has existed in our club for fifty-eight surrounding public service, it is not a small years. Just as were those other members, Mr. FASCELL. Mr. Speaker, the same thing but a large one to be able to bestow who have stood here on the first day of years qualities by which dedicated public tribute where it belongs. In truth it is the past, I am humbly proud to offer the Annual servants merit recognition usually cause Haley Oofges, in public life or private, over Toast to the president of our nation. them to shun it. Such has been the case the generations who have made America. Like them all, I am honored to address my with Haley Sofge, the executive director fellow members of the Saginaw Club, your of the Department of Housing and Ur­ sons, your sons-in-law and your grandsons and to extend my warmest wishes to each ban Development for Metropolitan Dade of you for the New Year. County, Fla. A TOAST TO THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES Down through the years, speakers have To the regret of all who have been used this occasion to reflect upon the past privileged to know him and the many and contemplate the future and many of thousands who have benefited from his them have incorporated into their remarks HON. JAMES HARVEY a warning of the dangers confronting the labors in the field of public housing, OF MICHIGAN Haley Sofge is stepping down for reasons nation at that point in history. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES As we prepare to offer the fifty-ninth an­ of ill health. nual tribute to our chief executive, it is not I want to add my word of praise to Monday, February 1, 1971 my desire to preserve that part of our tradi­ the tributes being paid to this man. His Mr. HARVEY. Mr. Speaker, I believe tion that warns of national peril. It seems guiding philosophy has always been pro my colleagues will find of interest a most to me, however, that reality compels its in­ bono publico, and the example he has unique occurrence which has been a tra­ clusion on this first day of 1971 for these set for others in public life will be a per­ are disconcerting times in which we live. dition of the Saginaw Club, Saginaw, We are hearing the impatient demand for manent legacy. Mich., for almost 60 years now. It is the change all about us and experience tells us Mr. Speaker, I commend the attention annual toast to the President. that the certainty of change is always ac­ of our colleagues to a recent editorial On the first day of each new year at companied by the twin certainties of delight from the Miami Herald concerning Haley exactly 12 o'clock noon, the members and despair. At once, we recognize the never­ Sofge and the outstanding contribution have gathered with their sons, sons-in­ ending need for constructive change on one he has made to Dade County: law, and grandsons in the club's ball­ hand, and we see unreasonable demands for change creating new frustrations on the SUCH GIFTS OF PuBLIC SERVICE BESTOW room to hear a speaker deliver a timely other. GREATNESS ON AMERICA address and offer the annual toast to the We are reminded of our weaknesses as a Many thousands of Miamians who were Nation's President. people and certainly we have our share. We touched by the works of Haley Sofge prob­ By tradition, the identity of the hear that young people are disenchanted ably do not know him. He is the self-effac­ speaker is kept secret from the member­ and unmotivated, and sometimes, we gain ing, dedicated executive director of the Metro ship and the public until the moment he little comfort in recalling that Socrates also Department of Housing and Urban Develop­ worried about young people nearly twenty­ ment, who has retired because of ill health. is introduced by the club president. four centuries ago. We see a broad decline The event, we think, is an opportunity to The 1971 toast was delivered by Wil­ in moral values and that is reason for our pay tribute to the good and faithful servant liam J. Edwards, president of the Lake concern in a very real sense. of the public, wherever he is, as exemplified Huron Broadcasting Corp. Mr. Edwards We have cause to be mindful of many by Mr. Sofge's career. was introduced by C. Ward Lauderbach, threats to man's existence on this globe. No He won national attention in Nashville, the president of the Saginaw Club. thinking person can ignore the rapidly in­ creasing problem of over-population of the Tenn., by helping rid the Tennessee capital Annually, the address is broadcast live city of its worst slums. A dozen or so years earth and the whole family of attendant ago, these hovels marched by the thousands by all Saginaw radio stations and the threats to food supply and pollution of the up the slope of Capitol Hill from the valley text is published in its entirety the fol­ air we breathe and the water we must have below and burgeoned in other areas of what lowing day in the Saginaw News. Fur­ to survive. The consequences of failure to has since become a lovely city. After his de- thermore, a copy of the address is sent meet these threats to the continued existence February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1315 of mankind are almost beyond comprehen­ work in our midst. There is the widening state of mind that easily accepts whatever sion. The magnitude of the problem and the realization that a small, but ruthless, revolu­ comes as natural and inevitable, that tol­ relentless speed of its movement may very tionary segment of our society is waging a erates indecency and law-breaking as lamen­ well force man to put aside his devisive in­ deadly war of terrorism, and that a deter­ table signs of the times, that somehow man­ mined effort to put an end to it is long over­ ages to provide ready excuses for public vi­ terests and unite in the common fight for olence and usually sympathizes more with survival. due. Because of the priceless advantages of a I believe the present condition will not be the offender than the offended on the grounds tolerated by the great majority of citizens, that so much injustice exists in the country. free press and an unparalleled system of mass I think we have another responsibility. We communication, we are not only exposed to indefinitely. The choice of total anarchy on one hand or heavy-handed repression on the must make a better effort to communicate much unpleasant news every day, we find it our beliefs with respect to the problems of almost impossible to avoid becoming at times other is no choice at all for a free people, and the time has come to avoid both, it seems to our time to the generation that follows a frustrated and frequently discouraged about step behind us, not in a feeble attempt to the fut ure of our country. me. Let me hasten to add that I do not ad­ defend this system, but because they have We know that organized crime continues to the right to know our thoughts. grow more powerful by the day in our land, vocate the suppression of dissent. Our sys­ There are those who cite unrest among that crime in general is increasing, and we tem guarantees our right to protest, as well young people as the classic sign of internal reason that public apathy is at least partially as support, government action and policy. I decay in America. They argue that a deep responsible for that condition. We are con­ do not urge the maintenance of the status distrust of their elders is universally shared stantly reminded of the tragedy of Southeast quo by any stretch of the imagination, for I by them all. They warn that there is wide­ Asia, and we yearn for an end to war. We are know that change is inevitable and indeed spread resentment and almost total disen­ becoming more fully aware of the imperfec­ necessary to avoid stagnation. chantment among young persons, because tions wit hin our social order, and we witness I cannot deny that injustice exists in our they are tired of adult hypocrisy, tired of the mounting unrest that results from in­ society as it does in all others to varying corruption in high places, tired of profiteer­ justice. In the midst of widespread affluence degrees. As individuals, we are not without ing in a capitalistic economy and tired of an for most, we see pockets of want for the few. sin and our nation, like others, reflects its oppressive and unjust social structure. We see and hear alarming reports of the in­ citizenry. You and I cannot deny, of course, that creasing use of drugs among young people I do not even challenge the right of the some young people are totally committed to and we frantically hope for an awakening volatile few to proclaim their discontent and the obliterat ion of our way of life. They that will decisively put an end to that de­ stridently voice their demands for immedi­ represent, however, but a tiny percentage of structive practice. We see decaying inner ate change. Let the day never dawn in this today's youth. By any measure, the over­ cores of gteat crnes and we know that an­ country when men and women canot safely whelming majority Of young men and women swers must be found to that gigantic prob­ s ... .. im against the mainstream current when today are decent, patriotic and God-fearing lem, for a whole new set of social ills multiply opposing views, as unpopular as they may be, people. If they were not, there would be no in such an atmosphere of despair. cannot be openly and fearlessly expressed, promise for the future, no hope for human We have seen dramatic changes in our time when you and I cannot risk being wrong development. and we see the need for changes to come, without suffering dire consequences. Many of them at their impressionable ages. but for many of us, some of the changes What I suggest must be eradicated with­ however, are being subjected all too fre­ have been most difficult to accept. out further ado from the American scene is quently to the dramatic exhibitions of the We are having our traditions discarded, the ruthless terrorism that is designed to activists, who are admittedly tired of the our values challenged, our beliefs subjected destroy our way of life and our nationhood. way things are. They must also be confused to ridicule, our ideals discounted and our in­ Regardless of the worthinese of some causes, at times, if not discouraged, by the apparent stitutions attacked. Moreover, we are be­ blatant lawlessness cannot continue to be en­ absence of adult concern about the impor­ coming increasingly uneasy about the forces dured. The time has come when outrageous tant issues and events of our time. Perhaps, among us thait would change everything we demands by unreasonable militants must be they would welcome some timely expressions hold dear as a people. rejected forthrightly. Violators of the law of opinion from our generation. If so, I would I am persuaded that the permissive at­ must be prosecuted promptly in order to pro­ not presume to represent a broad opinion of mosphere prevalent throughout much of the tect the public interest and to insure that my contemporaries. I would merely pass on land and the growing unlawful activities of justice is served. Roving trouble-makers must a personal view in the hope that it might the militant few that continues to threaten no longer be allowed to invade peaceful col­ have some worthiness for consideration. I our personal safety and national security lege campuses and disrupt the education of would start by saying that I, too, am tired are reasons for our deep concern. law-abiding students. Faculty members who of some things. I am tired of hearing so It is no longer a strange experience to foment unrest and advocate the forceful much about all the things that are wrong hear from the mouths of native-born Ameri­ overthrow of government must be made re­ with this system of ours. cans revolutionary rhetoric that was framed sponsible for their illegal acts and subjected We adults know that we have many faults in Marxist camps beyond our shores. We to the penalty of the law. The unlawful oc­ and there are wrongs to be correoted but have come to expect violent civil disruption cupancy of premises and the willful destruc­ there are some right things about this be­ whenever and wherever it serves the purposes tion of private and public porperty must be loved land that cry for recognition. Ad­ of those who can cause it. We have observed punishable, upon conviction, in a court of mittedly, we have a social problem of monu­ outbursts of brutality and destruction dis­ law, regardless of the causes espoused by the mental proportions that surely must be the guised as peaceful dissent and we have seen guilty ones. concern of all men of good will. It serves no those evil activities hastily excused as under­ I am convinced these steps must be taken useful purpose to cite that all majorities standable reaction to social injustice. We despite the to-be-expected protest that they have historically imposed their wills on the have also heard those willful acts described represent the suppression of personalliberily. minorities in their midsts and we cannot as the justifiable right of citizens to freely I believe they will not jeopardize the civil truthfully deny that some of our fellow express their dissatisfaction with the sys­ right of any law-abiding citizen nor endanger Americans have been shamefully exploited. tem. the precious right of free expression. To the What is important is this. Discrimination We have known our courts of law to be­ contrary, I believe that failure to uphold for reason of race, color or creed is unlawful come stages for obscene derision, insult and the law will cause our cherished liberties to in this nation. That is national policy and disdain. In the midst of the clamor against erode and pass into oblivion. For I think that it is proof that we, as a nation as painful police brut ality, officers of the law have be­ protest, to be valid, must be peaceful in as it has been for some, are committed to. come living targets for the assassin's gun­ America's free society; that dissent, to be the proposition of equality of opport unity­ sight. effective, must not threaten the lives and and justice for all citizens. Let me further We have witnessed our country's constitu­ property of others, that change, to be usefully say that I know of no other successful at­ tional guarantees mockingly employed by and meaningfully sought, must not be de­ tempt in history to assimilat e such a large those who would destroy those very guar­ signed to violently destroy a system that by minority into a nation's mainstream Of life. antees. We have come to know about vanda­ its very nature and heritage accommodates We have by no means won the battle against lism, arson, riots and even murder in the the idea of change and recognizes the need discrimination, and we most certainly do not streets of our cities and on the once-quiet for constant improvement. always live up to the high ideals of our na­ campuses of colleges and universities. We I believe, too, that we must work for con­ tion, but we rure trying and progress is being have seen our proud flag publicly desecrated, structive change that will enrich all of our made in our time. Brotherhood in the fullest burned and trampled under foot, and we lives and increase our understanding and sense remains much more of an ideal than have seen the red banner of the communist appreciation of each other for the common a reality but, at least, it is still an ideal in enemy openly flaunted by Americans, on good, but I also believe that we must resist the good land of many people. American soil, at a time when American the forceful imposition of change, for the The view is often expressed that a mistake men are still dying in Vietnam. sake of change, by those who would rather of massive proportions occurred when our What appears to be a concentrated cam­ destroy the present system than contribute to military forces were first sent to Vietnam. paign by a handful of radical leftists has the building of a better one. That decision may not have been in our best left a trial of kidnappings, murders, hijack­ I think we must strive to be compassionate interest, but keep in mind that Americans ings and sabotage in various parts of the especially for the less-fortunate among us did not go off to war in Southeast Asia in land. In the minds of many of us, there is no without embracing the permissive attitude pursuit of the spoils of war. We did not go longer any doubt that subversives are at that prevails so widely today. I refer to that to conquer a free people, to force our will 1316 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 on another nation or to annex real estate propose a Toast to the Chief Executive, Rich­ it will stir people into action. Orson Welles in that part of the world. We responded to ard Nixon. advanced his wordly holocaust one year to the call of a friendly government to protect Gentlemen, to the President of the United 1939. His modern-day counterpart, Zev. Put­ it from the ravages of a communist takeover, States! terman, director of program development for and we went because it appeared to serve Metromedia television, has done the same to our national interest and that of all free product "1985." a one-hour special on what men to halt the spread of red aggression in "1985"-A MESSAGE FOR AMERICA can result from continued pollution Of the Vietnam, just as we did more than a decade atmosphere, the seas and the land. earlier in Korea. "The entire concept is based on what some Let me say to responsible young people HON. CLARENCE J. BROWN ecologists and environmental scientists say if that I am tired of having my country de­ OF OHIO could happen within 15 years pollution scribed by some of its home-grown critics as continues at its present rate," according to imperialistic. Let them produce just one IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Mr. Putterman. The dramatized newscast case in history where a single nation has Monday, February 1, 1971 makes use of Metromedia's facilities and an­ borne the heavy burden of defending so chormen in New York, Washington, Kansas many from the imperialistic design of an­ Mr. BROWN of Ohio. Mr. Speaker one City and Los Angeles and details not what other. of the gravest concerns that has faced has occurrP.d, but what could. I am tired of the often-voiced accusation Americans as a major issue during many A total of 30 video "crawls" will advise that we are a completely materialistic and months, now, has been the question of viewers througho•tt the broadcast that decadent society that places the dollar above arresting the destruction of our physical "1985" is a fictionalized newscast taking all else. We are the wealthiest nation, to be environment: purifying the air we place in the future. During the actual broad­ sure, but we are for the most part a spir­ cast, a similar disclaimer will be voiced in itually-motivated people undergirded with breath, cleaning up the water we drink, Spanish for metropolitan viewers who may an abiding faith in God and our churches reducing the stinking piles of garbage not read English. Local programs, focusing on are living proof of it. We are condemned for we throw out, reducing the noise that the specific problems in their markets, will failing to eradicate poverty, for not caring threatens our hearing and nervous sys­ be aired by the Metromedia stations immedi­ enough for the weak and the poor among us. tems, finding pesticides and herbicides ately following the special. can anyone show us a people of any other that do only their intended jobs, saving The various poll ution topics covered by the period in history that shared more? We are green space. If we do not find answers to special include air pollution in Los Angeles, branded because ours is the highest living many of these problems, the quality of water pollution in New York ' .nd Washington standard ever known to man, and yet priva­ and damage to the land caused by insecti­ tion still lingers to haunt our people, but life Americans have enjoyed since the cides in the Midwest. who can truthfully say that condition is the first settlers arrived in this Nation is Worldwide ramifications of pollution are result of callous disregard for our fellow seriously in danger. How much danger also presented. Although fictional, each seg­ men? What other citizens have ever been so and how long we have to reverse the ment discussed on the special will be based generous and charitable at any time? If this trend is a question no one can answer. on research already conducted and prognos­ is a materialistic society, how can its heart In a remarkable public service televi­ tications made by ecologists during the past be sv compassionate when it comes to help­ sion program, aired for the first time last year. The format of the programs following ing its own and reaching out to alleviate hu­ "1985" are designed to be solution oriented, man suffering in other lands? June 1, the Metromedia network at­ according to Mr. Putterman. This nation is castigated for being mili tempted to give Americans a view into The program is being offered to other sta­ tarily strong by the enemies of freedom. It the future if the Nation failed to come to tions free of charge and Mr. Putterman ex­ is branded a war-mongerer and the Penta­ grips with the many environmental pects between 50 and 100 stations to re­ gon is depicted as a symbol of man's evil problemr. and the worst happened. "1985" quest copies. Metromedia is also preparing against man. Yet, this country continues to was an hour-long dramatized newscast a booklet based on the script of the pro­ seek peace hopefully as it serves by necessity that used film footage of present situa­ gram to be sent to members of Congress as the single bulwark against communist tions to show what a day in 1985 and various civic, business, educational and aggression on many fronts. might be like if all of the de­ political leaders around the country. We are criticized for spending so much "While we don't want to panic people money on space exploration when there are structive forces of our environment were into doing something rash as a result of the so many unmet needs here on earth. But, to suddenly overtake the environment's program, we do want to move them into American feet made mankind's very first ability to cope with them. It was a chil­ action," says Mr. Putterman. and only impressions on the surface of the ling account that left little to the imagi­ "We will be painting a picture of reality moon, and who can belittle that unprece­ nations of viewers all too well aware of as some scientists predict it will be and hope­ dented achievement in human history? the picture before them on their TV sets. fully, sounding an alarm that will get peo­ I am tired of hearing the American ideal ple to head off what has been prophesied."" described as hypocrisy by the cynics among I have collected a number of previews and reviews of the program, and insert Metromedia stations will air the program us, because even now there are lofty goals June 1 at 8 p.m. with their local specials as yet unattained. And finally, I am tired them in the RECORD at this point for the following at 9 p.m. of the complaint by some that there is no attention of my colleagues who may not freedom in this bastion of liberty, we call have seen either the program or the [From the Washington Post, May 31, 1970] the U.S.A. articles. After reading them, I would You and I know, but let us make every hope my colleagues would take any op­ "1985" ON METROMEDIA: A PREVIEW effort to have young people understand that portunity to view the program if it is (By WilHam E. Smart) we know, that we have every reason to be ever "1985," a fictionalized news documentary grateful for our heritage as Americans. It is ever again made available. It and others like it project what could happen if we portraying the United States in the midst of right and proper for all to be proud, humbly a worldwide environmental crisis, wm be proud, to be Americans. I hope we adults fail to complete the job begun in pro­ telecast Monday at 8 p.m. on Metromedia will never cease to be as long a.s we live, and tecting and preserving our environment. Television's four television stations (Chan­ I have a hope for you young persons present This is an impressive example of the nelS locally). and those of your generation across the land. power of the television medium to dram­ The hour-long program 1s not unlike Or­ I hope you will never become so sophisti­ atize a real problem-hopefully to a pos­ son Welles' 1938 radio broadcast of "The War cated that you will consider true patriotism itive purpose. Metromedia is to be con­ of the Worlds." Unlike that program, which to be old fashioned and outmoded. I hope caused widespread panic by listeners who your love for your country and respect for gratulated for its great and effeotive public service. thought the United States had been invaded its ideals will grow as you grow in knowledge by Martians, the enemy in "1985" happens and experience in life, that you will do your The articles follow: to have been created by man himself. part to make America ever better in the years [From the Bro:l.dcasting magazine, June 1, The enemy is pollution-the massive pol­ to come. I hope you will never fail to keep 1970] lution of the atmosphere, the earth and the the American dream alive in your hearts oceans. despite all the disappointments that may "1985" SEEKS TO lNSPmE ACTION ON come so that others to follow after you will POLLUTION Here's how the fictionalized story goes: The have the same grand opportunity. Orson Welles's 1938 adaptation of H. G. United States 1s 1n the middle of a national Wells' "War of The Worlds'• led some lls­ catastrophe. The President has just spoken For this is the greatest nation on earth. to the nation. All television and radio sta­ The wealthiest. The most powerful. The most teners to near hysteria before the realization that it was fiction calmed them. In 1970, tions are operating around the clock to relay charitable. And, with all of its human frail­ offi.cial instructions and report the developing ties, the noblest of all. Metromedia television is adapting the Or­ And now, in keeping with our long-estab­ wellian, "1984" theme to the Mercury Thea­ crisis. lished tradition, let us stand together and ter's dramatized newscast in the hopes that At Metromedia, anchorman Mark Evans February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1317 (Metromedia's vice president for public af­ radio fiction of a Martian invasion has left water, poisoning by DDT-all came to a frairs) summarizes the President's message, an indelible memory. climax at a certain time. then introduces reports by Metromedia news­ Man's technological miracle, its demands The story begins at the end of a presiden­ men across the country-George Putnam in to be properly tended shugged off by stu­ tial message describing the situation. Mark Los Angeles, Blll Jorgensen and Ken Gil­ pidity, greed, lust for anarchic sensation, has Evans, news announcer for WTTG, and an­ more in New York, Glen Hanson in Kansas crumbled worldwide. chorman for the special, gives a summary of City and Alan Smith and Maury Povich in An appalling state of cha.os reigns. The the telecast from the White House. Un­ Washington. president, advised to leave Washington, stays counted thousands have been kllled by smog As each newsman tells his bleak story, the on seeking to concoct a way out of the en­ in Los Angeles. The highways leading from viewer sees film of actual air, land and water vironmental Armageddon. He has been as­ the city have been jammed by refugees and pollution that exists today. The footage ac­ signed extraordinary powers but all the signs impassable for two days. Over the nation, companying reporter Alan Smith's report on point to a further deterioration, even amid 130 other cities are suffering from the same starvation deaths in Africa is stark. It isn't the depletion of food stocks, to a threat of cause. In other continents, a cumulative pretty. cannibalism. wave of starvation, rioting and other ills 1s Near the end of the program, reporter In Los Angeles, the death toll from the continuing. The Northeast United States has Jorgensen comments on the concern voiced toxic fumes of a great air inversion is already been in the grip of a total power blackout by people beginning in the late Sixties and 11,000 and expected to climb fast. Against from Boston to New York for a week. the lack of action that followed: "And so orders, a despairing rush starts in an effort to All this is conveyed to the viewer in an the best intentions on earth are not enough­ flee the city. ingenious way. The regional situations are not until people couple them with enough reported by the Metromedia News men: Bill action. That's the lesson we've learned-too CONSTRICTED INTO DEATHTRAP Jorgenson in New York; Alan Smith and late." This increases the tragedy. Jammed free­ Maury Povich in Washington; George Put­ "1985" producer Vernon Hixon sums up ways constrict into a mazy death trap. nam in Los Angeles; and virtually every the program with a warning: "The things Caught in the nightmare, cars honk a mad other member of Metromedia's staff. we wm describe have not actually happened chorus. They contaminate the air all the In addition to their coverage of the fiction­ but they could!" more with their exhaust. alized disasters, they remind viewers of the Immediately after the simulated newscast From New York to Boston, electric power reasons for them and the inadequa~y of the the independent group's stations will present is gone and the cities are ghostly. Garbe.ge minimal efforts to prevent them which began IocaiHy produced hour-long discussion pro­ piles high. Police and fire fighting break­ circa 1970. They overlooked some of the grams relating to current pollution problems. downs mount as toxic smog saturates 47 causes: for example, the indifference to the WTrG-TV's discussion program, entitled American cities. warnings on the part of many people, such Status "70,'' was produced 'by Ed Scherer. The midwest agricultural heartland is as the ladies of the D.A.R. who thought the rank, deserted Poisons like DDT, industrial whole thing was a Communist plot; people (From the Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, disposal, sewage have made a diseased muck who didn't believe the scientists; those who May 28, 1970) of the rivers, kllled the fish and the birds disregarded the warnings as a passing fad, A MEssAGE To PONDER which ate those fish. The soil is poor, its and fat-headed politicians. produce scanty and that a prisoner of life. Remembering the near-panic which was (By Morton Moss) Even the oceans have been fouled. set off by Orson Welles and his fictionalized People, in general, are so constituted that, Epidemic hovers, airports are closed and tale of that martian invasion, Producer if they aren't hit personally amidships with mobs, rioting and looting, swirl around help­ Hixson and his staff were careful to include a problem, they find it remote, theoretical less National Guardsmen. The tooth of need frequent reminders that what was appearing and unreal. has been sharpened unbearably by gigantic on the screen was not factual. This was a Pollution of the planet, excessive human population expansion in the U.S. and over­ necessary weakening of the 111usion. For breeding are such problems. Conditions that seas. Beyond U.S. borders, governments top­ someone tuning in later after the introduc­ build toward a catastrophe continue to pile ple, humans _ose their humanity and rage tion, the pictured disasters might have up. These conditions lead logically to fright­ berserk from elementary deprivation. seemed all too plausible. There have been ful disaster. Evans maintains a special optimism. He fatal smogs, dangerous power blackouts and But the disaster hasn't struck. Meanwhile, asks his newscaster lineup its assessment. documentaries about starvation in the there are only occasional ominous irritants. One by one, contact with them sm.--s. He United States and other nations. There's no emotional sense of emergency. still speaks of options that remain open. As This might have been an unduly talka­ Ignored, the logic of catastrophe doesn't go Evans mentions hopeful developments in the tive program, but it wasn't. The reports CYl away but proceeds relentlessly toward its Pacific northwest, he suddenly flicks off the the various correspondents are copiously 11- predestined conclusion. screen which goes blank. It then conveys a lustrated, with photographs and film clip­ We've had the impression about these message to ponder: pings. Some of these, such as starving chll­ documentary essays on man's rape of his The End. dren in Biafra and records of the actual environment that they somehow just graze blackout several years ago, may be viewed the target. This isn't because they fail to (From the Baltimore Sun, June 1, 1970] apprehensively as prophetic of worse things present the data that contrives a strong in­ LooK AND LisTEN WITH DONALD KIRKLEY to come. Also, "1985" builds up suspense tellectual case. They do. But the emotions from start to finish. must be reached, the jolt of immediacy George Orwell's ominous prediction of a After it is aired tonight, it should cause achieved. world made hideous as the result of human quite a stir and it may have interesting This is done with shocking impact by stupidity, as contained in his frailty and repercussions. "1985," an hour's piece of Metromedia the­ novel "1984," has been superseded by a tele­ vision documentary called "1985,'' to be aired ater about a catastrophe that embroils planet [From the New York Times, June 2, 1970] earth in that year, Fictionalized reality and on WTTG-Channel 5 tonight, 8 o'clock to prophecy, it attains a cutting edge through 9 o'clock. It will be followed by another hour TV: A FRIGHTENING LOOK AT THE PROBLEMS a simulated newscast, anchored in Washing­ of discussion and comment by a panel of ex­ IN "1985" ton, D.C., and moving electronically around perts concerned with the problems of (By George Gent) the map of the United States and the world. ecology. Taking a note from Orson Welles' cele­ Mark Evans, Metromedia vice president for The program is a scoop for WTTG, and an brated 1938 "War of the Worlds" radio scare, public affairs, plays anchor man in an excep­ important one. This production by Metrome­ Metromedia television and WNEW-TV took a tional telecast that shows on KTTV-11 Mon­ dia News is the first in the field of dramatized brave look into the future last night and day night at 8. Producer Vernon Hixon took documentar:, which has been overlooked by discovered-the Apocalypse. the bold conception and forged a winner. the networks and independent stations. It The two-hour study of the problems of Metromedia utilizes newcasters and com­ is, indeed, the best of the many specials pollution-present and future-was an ex­ mentators from its television stations here, which have been telecast since the environ­ citing exercise in journalistic imagination, in New York, Kansas City and Washington. mental crusade was launched by CBS-TV with the first-futuristic hour the more in­ Evans and Maury Povich, George Putnam, last March. It is also the most frightening teresting and valuable. It attempted to show Bill Jorgensen and Ken Gilmore, Glen Han­ of the documentaries on the subject. through a dramatized documentary-not un­ sen and Alan Smith lend an alarming im­ As seen in a preview in Washington, "1985" like those usually seen on TV with Metro­ aginative dimension to the real. went far beyond earlier warnings of clear media reporters covering a disaster-what At intervals, reminders are given that the and present dangers to mankind than any the world of 1935 will look like if present events aren't actually occurring but are of its predecessors. That is because it em­ population trends and environmental neglect dramatizations of what might occur in the bodied all the pollutions in one hour of continue. absence o! measures to avert them. "fictionalized news." The script, written by It was a harrowing vision of thousands The program so successfully mimics reality Don Bresnahan and Vernon Hixon, was based of smog deaths, power failures, depleted riv­ that the frequent interruption serves to avoid on the idea that 15 years hence, the various ers, barren lands and smothered oceans. possible serious public misapprehension. threats to mankind-smog, population ex­ Famine stalked most o! the underdevel­ Panic stirred in the late '30s by Orson Welles' plosion, befoulment of the earth, air and oped world and food riots tore the major 1318 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 Asian capitals, the United States Govern­ called, starts in the wake of an emergency conscious or unconscious parody of tv docu­ ment was seeking legislation for compulsory address by the president. People, fish and mentaries. At the end of the show, Mark abortion and sterilization, while large bo­ wildlife are perishing by the millions all over Evans, anchoring a news show from pollu­ nuses were being asked for childless couples the world-suicidal victims of a world which tion-ridden 1985, is pathetically polling his a.nd heavy taxes for the fruitful. blindly ignored all warnings and indulged correspondents for optimistic predictions The reporters and commentators did not itself into self-destruction. Fantasies of op­ while, one by one, city interconnection is lost blink at the tough controversial, moral and timism, daydreains of miracles, mystic faith and finally the screen goes dark in the mid­ philosophical reevaluations that would have in Yankee ingenuity, naive faith that God dle of a sentence. to be made if their bleak vision was not to won't let ths happen to his errant children Metromedia solves the "War of the Worlds" become a reality. find stubborn adherents until the end as an­ syndrome-"My God, Bev, the world's com­ The major problem, of course, is that such chorman Mark Evans loses contact with one ing to an end"-by flashing frequent dis­ prophecies can become self-fulfilling. The remote feed after another. Finally he is claimers on the screen, warning the audience aim of "1985" was to frighten and it did. blacked out hiinself while mouthing, to the that they are watching fiction. Several de­ But it was notably short on rational solu­ last, the ritual optimism that things can't vices are extremely effective in diluting the tions on how to avert disaster and always be as bleak as they seem. play-acting atmosphere, however, including opted for the most pessimistic projection of It is as shattering and jolting an experience using as actors fulltime newsmen from the events. It raised many more questions than as television is capable of serving up-and various Metromedia cities, who do essen­ it answered, but perhaps that should be it is masterfully achieved. All the Metrome­ tially what they would be doing if the drama accounted a major virtue. The program was dia correspondents-anchorman Evans and were actually happening and running unre­ a frontal assault on the complacency, and Bill Jorgensen, Glenn Hansen, Alan Smith, lated news bulletins across the screen warn­ in terms of its limited objective it was bril­ Maury Pavich, Ken Gilmore and George Gil­ ing of airport closings, etc., while Evans liantly successful. more-heighten the impossible to distin­ talks. Channel 5 reported that 42 calls--about guish from their daily newscasts. It's encouraging that the pseudo-docu­ equally divided, for and against--were re­ Don Bresnahan and Vernon Hixon have mentary pulls no punches in showing the role ceived during and immediately after the written a taut and controlled script. They that industries and particularly autos play show. The objectors protested what they re­ artfully combined documentation with sci­ in pollution-probably a good reason why garded as the program's scare tactics. A few, ence fiction, keeping the viewer on the edge there was no commercial interruption. The having just missed the opening caution, of his seat every second of the alloted 60 program attempts to show what will happen called in to ask if the events portrayed were minutes. A virtuoso team job of film ~dit­ to this country if the worst that is predicted actually happening. ing, charging narration with almost unbear­ happens, and without passing on the valid­ However, the program scrupulously inter­ able visual impact, is registered by Densil ity of the research done, it all seems logical rupted the narration every five minutes to Allen, Joe Dialon, Ben Foti, Joe Rizzo, Vin­ and frightening. Air pollution is lightening warn that the program was a dramatization cent Russo and Bob Taylor. They make sim­ only because industry is at a virtual stand­ and also inserted streamers in the lower por­ ply remarkable use of stock film and foot­ still, much highway traffic is outlawed, the tion of the screen during particularly fright­ age supplied by the Environmental Control exploded population ls starving because all ening portions. Administration of the U.S. Public Health food sources are polluted, the President has Police and radio stations had been alerted Service, the American Museum of Natural been given dictatorial power (only implied), to forestall public panic and avert the prob­ History, the U.S. Senate committee on pub­ paler blackouts and looting are rampant-­ lems created for Mr. Welles by his famous lic works, Empathy Graphics and Airlie in other words, just like 1970, only worse. broadcast. House. And they do stitchless wonders inte­ All the outlets, by the way followed the "Nineteen Eighty-five" was produced by grating the camera mark of Metromedia cine­ hour show with local hours devoted to mar­ Vernon Hixson, with Zev Putterman, execu­ matographers Steve Alexander, Dick Herrera, ket environmental problems. tive producer. Jerry Kahn, Jack Leppert, Jerry McGallicher MICK. and Leroy Parker. TELEVISION REVIEW Every conceivable technique is employed [From the Chicago Tribune, June 25, 1970] [From the Hollywood Reporter, June 3, 1970] to advance the illusion of the day the world TELEVISION NOTES realized it waited too long. The sense of an­ (By William Tusher) "1985," a Metromedia fictionalized news re­ chorman Evans pulling in reports from across port of the end of the earth owing to pollu­ Does off network television really hold the country and other parts of the world, tion of air, land, and water, will be aired at promise? Is there any evidence that if the with live remotes from far-flung disaster 11:30 p.m. Saturday on channel 32. !Prime time siphoning goes through, the areas, is flawlessly and chillingly realized. public won't be cheated, as critics claim? There's no make-believe abouts it. The Mindful of the panic created by Orson The implications for the multiple program television set becomes a suction tube swal­ Welles' drama about a Martian invasion of source doctrine of the FCC couldn't have lowing all in its path. Side crawls keep flash­ the earth on a 1938 radio broadcast, the pro­ a more persuasive friend in court than Metro­ ing bulletins of proliferating disasters and ducers of "1985" will include video scrawls warnings to citizens who may be tempted to across the screen to assure the viewer that media's absolutely shattering. Orwellian doc­ this is fiction. umentary on the ecology crisis, "1985." take to highway, water or air. We've had television warnings coming out With Zev Putterman as executive producer, The documentary is based on what some ecologists and scientists predict will happen of our ears on the encroaching dangers of with authenticity heightened by Ken Gil­ in 15 years if serious measures are not taken polluting ourselves into extinction. Here is a more's special science reports, with excellent graphics by Mark Cantor and Jack Crawford now to stop the pollution of our environ­ documentary that meets head-on the gam­ ment. ble of being yet another anti-climactic echo, it is a fine group effort. A monumental the repetition of which risks leaving the achievement for Metromedia television, for Metromedia newsmen across the country public more numb than alert to the perils. producer Hixon, for art director Jerry Bailis, report on the envisioned ecological disaster The inescapable apprehension is, "What-­ and especially for directors Russ Segel in New much as when they cover major news dis­ yet another soap operation on environmental York, Joe Nagy in Washington and Larry Ca­ asters today. Reports of power failures, smog survival?" zaran in Kansas City. The Los Angeles cut­ deaths, spoiled waters, famine in an over­ populated world, rioting and looting, and the Given all those built-in handicaps, Metro­ ins, directed by Lennie Blondheim, well voiced media, in "1985," has exceeded in impact any­ as they are by Putnam, lacked the impact toppling of foreign governments come in to anchorman Mark Evans, who bleakly hunts thing done by the networks on this critical­ of the others. yet curiously safe and apolitical-issue, and This one should most assuredly be placed for some shred of hope. the networks on the whole have done well, in a time capsule-just in case there are any Altho this is strictly a dramatization, the indeed. In a massive effort involving the key post-1985 inheritors. A smasher from every program seeks to make people acutely aware news personnel of MM's owned and operated point of view. of the magnitude of pollution problems, hop­ stations in Los Angeles, New York, Kansas ing to inspire the steps necessary to avert the City and Washington, D.C., "1985" projects [From the Variety, June 5, 1970] doom portrayed in "1985." the galloping pollution crisis 15 years for­ "1985": TELEVISION REVIEWS ward and gives it such immediacy and impact With Mark Evans (anchorman), Alan as to defy any lingering pocket of indiffer­ Smith, Maury Pavich, Bill Jorgensen, Ken RADICALS MAKE UP 1 PERCENT OF ence or skepticism. Gilmore, George Putman, Glen Hanson. NATION'S YOUTH So real that it is reminiscent of the Orson Exec. Producer: Zev Putterman. Welles Martian scare that shook up radio Producer: Vernon Hixon. three decades ago, "1985" takes warranted Wrtters: Hixon, Don Bresnahan. HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI precautions against panic by periodically 60 Mins., Mon. 8 p.m. OF ILLINOIS billboarding warnings that the events being Metromedia-TV. portrayed aren't actually happening. That Metromedia's view of the environment, as IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES could be pretentious as hell--except that the shown on all its tv stations except in San Monday, F~bruary 1, 1971 simulation of a world strangling in its death Francisco, is daring, vivid, and much more rattle is so starkly believable. pessimistic than television stations are wont Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, the The fictionalized news drama, as it is aptly to wax. The one amusing aspect, in fact was a Aurora, Til, Beacon-News of Tuesday, February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1319 January 12, carried a column by Dumitru It is not the Yippies, the Hippies, the conservatives, depending largely upon whose Danielopol, a Copley Press columnist who Vietnick and other such demonstrators that ox is being gored.'' Yes, indeed, even today the Seniority Sys­ is represent America. They are freaks in our a thorough student of radical activities society. tem still serves as a whipping boy for the at home and abroad. His comments in It is the kids who build rather than burn frustrations of everyone whose favorite legis­ this column are based on persistent study who are the heart of this nation. lation somehow fails to sail as swiftly, as of the subject and I believe this partic­ smoothly and as unceremoniously through ular column gives an accurate summary Congress as its proponents would like. of our Nation's youth. Few practices of our Congress are so con­ The item follows: tinuously controversial, so widely criticized, SIX VIRTUES OF THE SENIORITY so generally misunderstood and so rarely RADICALS MAKE UP 1 PERCENT OF THE NATION'S defended. YoUTH SYSTEM It seems to me that we Christians espe­ (By Dumitru Danielopol) cially should befriend and defend the System During the past few feverish years of stu­ HON. PHILIP M. CRAN-E of Seniority. We remember that Jesus said dent unrest, many polls have been taken in "Blessed are the peacemakers" and we often an effort to find out just what it is student s OF ILLINOIS repeat the prayer of Saint Francis of Assisi, want, what they think. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Lord, make me an instrument of thy peace." The results show that the radicals--the Monday, February 1, 1971 If there is one great instrument which con­ ones who profess hatred of the system and tributes to an atmosphere of peace on Capitol a desire to destroy it-make up about 1 per Mr. CRANE. Mr. Speaker, this week a Hill, in my humble judgment it is the time­ cent of the nation's youth. large delegation of young Christian men honored System of Seniority. Yet the polls have somehow failed to im­ and women are visiting Washington and Speaking as a friend of this beneficial press. Sample opinions expressed in cold per­ Capitol Hill. American tradition, and speaking as one who centages offer little reassurance amid fire­ serves as a "professional peacemaker" for bombs, rioting and the nosey rhetoric of the Under the auspices of the National As­ President Nixon on Capitol Hill, allow me to radicals. sociation of Evangelicals, over 100 upper­ simply outline six virtuous qualities that the More convincing-and far more encourag­ class students from evangelical liberal Seniority System contributes to the function­ ing-is the picture gained by one who is arts colleges across the country are par­ ing of our Congress: able to travel widely and con·;erse on the ticipating in a Federal service seminar. 1. Harmony. spot with many of this country's youth. These young Christians are here to study 2. Effi<:iency. I have met and talked to young rep­ our American system of government first­ 3. Stability. resentatives of all points of view, to would­ 4. Continuity. be wreckers of our system who refer to hand, and to explore career opportuni­ police as "pigs," and to others who love their ties in the Federal service. 5. Familiarity. country, respect the law and support those This morning the seminarians were led 6. Maturity. who risk their lives in order to enforce it. For in a stimulating and thought-provoking What is this Seniority System? How does the latter, t he policeman is not an enemy question and answer session by my it inject t hese virtues into the workings of but a friend. If the word "pig" is applied to Congress? What is the basis of my opinion? him, they say, it would stand for "patriotism, friend from Libertyville, Til., Donald E. How is the cause of good government served integrity and guts." Deuster, who serves the Nixon adminis­ by Seniority? These youngsters are well in the majority, tration as a congressional relati'Ons WHAT IS THE SENIORITY SYSTEM? I found. They are as keen as steel to stand officer. First, you will not find the Seniority up and be counted in support of what they Mr. Deuster took the opportunity this System in the Constitution, in the Rules of consider to be the basic ingredients of a morning to outline six virtues of the se­ the Senate or House, in Jefferson's Manual, lawful society. Said one: niority system as it operates in Congress. nor in any other official document. It is not "The loudmouthed few wish to start from He spoke from his years of practical po­ a law nor a rule of Congress but simply a scratch. The vast majority accept the world litical experience on Capitol Hill as well practice observed and respected by both as it is and work out problems with exam­ political parties in the House since 1911 and ples taught by history." as from the perspective of a committed Christian involved in the public service. in the Senate for over a century. I talked to representatives of the "Heart­ Simply, Seniority means that in each of land Youth for Decency," a Californian group Because the controversial seniority the committees of Congress-twenty-one in formed in May 1969 by a number of youths system is so rarely defended in public by the House and sixteen in the Senate--the who are fed up with campus unrest, moral anyone, I am certain that my colleagues Member of the Majority Party with the laxity and street violence. They decided to will be especially interested in the longest continuous service on that committee do something about it. thoughtful and philosophic remarks by automatically becomes Chairman. They work on many worthy projects in my illinois friend: What does it mean to be Chairman? their community. They have collected and Essentially, the Chairman is the presiding sent gifts to our servicemen, visited hos­ SIX VIRTUES OF THE SENIORITY SYSTEM officer of' the committee. He is responsible for pitals, helped rebuild an orphanage which (By Donald E. Deuster) the efficient functioning of his committee. was destroyed by fire, and initiated a veter­ My fellow Christians, good morning and He schedules hearings, invites and welcomes ans memorial monument in La Mesa, etc., welcome to Washington. witnesses, presides over public hearings and etc. Your wise leaders, Clyde Taylor and Judith executive sessions, supervises the work of Their singing group, "Freedom Sounds," Brown of the National Association of Evan­ the professional staff, and symbolically he has performed at more than 100 functions in gelicals, both suggested that I speak briefiy sits in the big chair under the flag and holds Southland. on some controversial subject, and then, re­ the gavel. Their most recent and probably most spond to your questions. Can he be a dictator? Not fur long. Yes, spectacular activity is on behalf of U.S. pris­ Accordingly, let me say a word about " your the Chairman has powers, but they are oners of war. friend and mine," that great historic and usually overrated. Yes, he hires the profes­ Working in conjunction with the "Concern distinctively American custom-the Congres­ sional staff. But, since the Legislative Re­ for Prisoners of War, Inc.," they have helped sional System of Seniority. organization Act of 1946 moS't of the pro­ collect millions of letters, petitions and sig­ The Seniority System is not only currently fessional staff are able to stay on in their natures addressed to the Communists in controversial, but it seems to be eternally so. jobs notw

HOW DOES SENIORITY PRODUCE HARMONY? time for almost two years. Our passenger of the Senate and House arrive on the ffill, The Seniority System contributes to the trains have been dying off since Wol'lld War II filled with enthusiasm, and stamped by theil' internal harmony and peace inside the over a period of thirty years-longer than electorate with ever-changing concepts of Congress by quietly, quickly and automati­ most of you have been a.live. what America needs. cally elevating the most senior and expe­ Furthermore, even after a law is passed, Through these long years of wrestling with rienced Majority Party Member to the it must be implemented, adlninistered and national and international problems-the Chairmanship. enforced. Finally, Congress must exercise depression, war, defense, foreign aid, taxes, This avoids having a rough and tumble some oversight to see that the law they civil rights, poverty, welfare, and more re­ political campaign inside each of the thirty­ passed really did solve the pl'Oblem. This en­ cently, the environment and the need for seven Congressional committees at the start tire process may cover forty or fifty years. reform of the Federal bureaucracy and reve­ of every Congress. Seniority avoids the wheel­ The Seniority System encourages Con­ nue sharing with the states and local gov­ ing and dealing, the power plays, the gressmen to stay on one committee and thus ernments-Members of Congress develop deep become experts in one subject area. There­ philosophic perspectives, great wisdom and intrigue, the deals, promises, back-slapping, maturity. apple-polishing and vicious personality by, they acquire through personal experience clashes that such election campaigns can great knowledge concerning the development SENIORITY WILL SERVE ON and long-term solution of our national produce. problems. In summary allow me to predict that the HOW DOES SENIORITY MAKE FOR EFFICIENCY? This beneficial system assures us that the Seniority System will serve America for many leadership of our legislative committees will more years to come. Probably your grand­ Seniority enables Congressional commit­ children will visit Washington in the future tees to organize quickly and get on with the be in the hands of men with the greatest public business. No time need be wasted in experience. The system insures expertise and and ask some questions about Seniority. continuity. Yes, at the opening of this Congress both agonizing and deb111tating political cam­ parties did take action to allow the custom paigns fur the chairmanship, nor in healing HOW DOES SENIORITY BRING ABOUT FAMILIARlY? of Seniority to be modified. The House Demo­ the resulting wounds and bitterness. Committee Members not only become fa­ crats voted to conduct a caucus vote on Enough time and difficulty is associated Iniliar with the scope of problems under their nominations for committee chairmen when­ with the assignment of the new freshmen subject matter jurisdiction, ibut also the full ever demanded by ten Members. The House Members to the committees. At the begin­ Membership of the House and Senate, the Republicans agreed to hold a secret vote of ning of this 92nd Congress all fifty-six fresh­ leaders of the Executive branch, and the lead­ the entire Republican membership to deter­ men House Members and eleven freshmen ers of the American public become familiar mine who will serve as ranking minority Senators-sixty-seven ambitious men and with the committee leaders. Members of the committees. women-receive a committee assignment. Many a committee--indeed, most commit­ Furthermore, both parties wrote into their This task alone calls for juggling and sort­ tees-are highly respected on the floor of the caucus rules a statement that their respec­ ing the confiicting desires of new and old House and Senate because of the personal tive Committees on Committees need not Members a.llke to join the most prestigious prestige, character, expertise and reliab111ty follow seniority in drafting lists of commit­ and politically attractive committees. of the committee chairman, and also his tee assignments for caucus approval. Furthermore, we do have election cam­ various subcommittee chairmen. Over the Nonetheless, my Christian friends, even in paigns for Republican and Democratic Party years we learn that a chairman's word and view of these actions to more easily enable leadership positions in both the House and judgment can be trusted. exceptions to be made to the Seniority Sys­ Senate. Your banquet speaker this evening, The longer you are in Washington, the tem, my expectation is that the custom will­ my good friend Congressman John B. Ander­ more you appreciate that this government and should-be followed for many, many son of illinois, was re-elected Ch.a.irma.n of and world of ours is so complex and so im­ years to come. the House Republican Conference last month mense that no one person can know every­ As Chairman Colmer of the House Rules by the very close margin of 89-81, over an­ thing. You absolutely must trust the advice Committee said to me in the corridors just other able House Republican, Congressman of someone else. Consider such highly tech­ a few days ago, "The Seniority System is not Samuel Devine of Ohio. And, Senator Robert nical and complicated matters as our space perfect, but no one in one hundred years has Byrd of West Virginia defeated Senator Ed­ flights to the moon, our anti-ballistic missile conceived of a better one." ward Kennedy of Massachusetts for the po­ defense system, the aeronautical and atmos­ And on this line of thought, I am reminded sition of Senate Majority Whip. pheric aspects of the supersonic transport of a speech that Winston Churchill made in These high-level political campaigns take aircraft, and the whole field of defense, Inili­ the House of Commons on November 11, 1947, time and sometimes create lasting disloca­ tary intell1gence and international affairs. in which he said: tions repercussions and hostilities. The In such a world as this, the Seniority Sys­ "Many forms of Government have been Seniority System shields the working com­ tem helps assure us that the committee lead­ tried, and will be tried in this world of sin Inittees from such time and energy-consum­ ers in Congress will be men and women with and woe ... no one pretends that democracy ing confiicts. the greatest experience, expertise and fa­ is perfect or all-wise. Indeed, it has been said HOW DOES SENIORITY BRING STABILITY? miliarity with the immense problems con­ that democracy is the worst form of govern­ fronting us. Seniori.ty rewards those Members who stick ment except all those other forms that have with one committee and thereby move up SENIORITY MEANS MATURITY been tried from time to time." the leadership ladder. The system discour­ Critics call it th System of Senility. Per­ Likewise, let me say that so far the System ages hopping about from one committee to haps a few old men are as feeble and senile of Seniority is the best humanly conceived another depending upon where the political as a few young men are rash and foolish. arrangement for assuring some basic har­ grass looks greenest at the moment. Yet, in my personal experience, the great mony, tranquility and peace on Capitol Hill preponderance of committee chairmen and to offset the tendencies for partisanship and Seniority avoids the waste attendant upon hostll1ty. drastic changeovers of committee personnel. the older Members of Congress are wise, alert, By enticing Members to stay with one com­ intell1gent, mellow, kindly, moderate and My hope is that you, and other informed mittee and one general subject matter area, mature. Christians, will appreciate the virtues of the the custom guarantees relative stab111ty in a On a. personal note, my young Christian Seniority System, and beyond that, my hope political world that is generally character­ friends, let me tell you this. If the Good is that you will defend and befriend this Lord allows me to live to the ripe age of beneficial institutional instrument of politi­ Ized by change and job insecurity. cal and legislative peace. Members of Congress come and go depend­ eighty-one, and I am as alert, wise, aware ing on the election day desires of the Amer­ of the world about me, and as responsive to Ican voter. To the extent that some stab111ty the needs of my country, as is Chairman can be woven into the management struc­ W1lliam M. Colmer of the House Rules Com­ ture of our national affairs, the Seniority mittee, my cup shall be running over with UKRAINE System helps immeasureably. gratitude to Almighty God for his blessings. Through the years these senior Members WHY DOES SENIORITY MEAN CONTINUITY? of Congress see Presidents come and go. For HON. JAMES A. BURKE Most of our national pl'Oblems creep up example, wise, experienced and mature Con­ OF MASSACHUSETTS on us gradually. It may take ten or twenty gressman Les Arends, Republican Whip of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES years for local problems to become national the House, was first elected to Congress in in scope. Hearings may be held one year by 1934 when Franklin Delano Roosevelt was Friday, January 29, 1971 a Congressional committee and no Federal President. I was five years old and you were law passed for another three or four years. not born. Mr. Arends has served in Congress Mr. BURKE of Massachusetts. Mr. This was the case with the famous Medi­ under six Presidents. Speaker, January 22 marked the 53d an­ care program. These many senior Congressmen have seen niversary of the ill-fated dedaration of This was so with the new landmark Rail many Administrations come to town with independence of the freedom-loving Passenger Service Act of 1970, one single various notions of how to bring about the people of the Ukraine. After centuries o! piece of legislation that has occupied my millenium. Also, they see freshmen Members domination by the czars who were over- February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1321 thrown in the name of freedom and to be and with what determination they The recycUng operation proposed by the Aluminum Association would be a $15-mil­ usher in a new era free from the tyranny face not only the past but also the next llon pilot plant tha.t could handle 500 tons of the oppressor, the Ukrainians-long­ 53 years. of garbage a. day, about the amount produced suffering and courageous persons that by a community of 175,000 to 200,000 people. they were--seized the occasion to realize The Aluminum Association would not ac­ the nurtured hopes of centuries and de­ ALUMINUM INDUSTRY PREVIEWS tua.lly build the plant. Rather it hopes that clare their national identity and inde­ NEW RECYCLING PLANT: ANSWER its engineering studies showing that such a pendence. Alas, the dancing in the streets TO MODERN WASTE DISPOSAL plant could a.llow a. community to make a. was premature. The new Russian Gov­ PROBLEMS profit out of its garbage will spur others into action. ernment lost no time in giving the lie The plant itself would need no new tech­ to their slogans as they ruthlessly put HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD nology because it combines existing processes down the experiment in freedom. Soon OF PENNSYLVANIA to grind up garbage, ranging from potato the streets echoed only with the march­ peels to old refrigerators, and then separate ing feet of soldiers, the clatter of IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES it into its valuable components. horses hooves of invading armies, and Monday, February 1, 1971 Any material that could not be recycled into a. raw material, such as plastics or some the cries of dying heroes. The new breed Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, the of Russians-the Communists-had lost paper, would be burned to generate steam or aluminum industry has come up wi:tJh a electricity. none of the czarist zeal for foreign domi­ concrete, realistic answer to one of this The aluminum industry is pushing the nation and showed early on in the Nation's largest pollution problems-gar­ plan because aluminum is worth $200 a ton Ukraine, what they have shown so many bage. as scrap, or more than ten times as much as times since, that they do not hesitate to Previewed in New York the other day, paper or glass. The aluminum industry rea­ roll across national boundaries to sup­ this proposal, a recycling plant that sons that if a. community wants to make press the flames of independence. Early would produce everything fed into it to a more profit out of its garbage it will encour­ on, it was made clear for all to see that valuable reusable substance, is one that age its citizens to use more things like alumi­ the so-called Union of Soviet Socialist num cans and other aluminum packaging. should receive the attention of all con­ Richard D. Waughan, director of the Fed­ Republics was at its very heart built on cerned with pollution problems. eral Bureau of Solid Waste Ma.angement, who ruthless force and denial of independ­ One of the more encouraging aspects was at the news conference yesterday, praised ence. The U.S.S.R. rose from the ashes of this idea is that the plant would de­ the recycling concept. But he said that of czarist Russia; however elaborate the mand no more technology and know-how aluminum prices could become depressed if disguise about a new order, it was made than we already possess. In other words collections were stepped up significantly. perfectly clear that little intrinsic had with a push from the right direction, we David P. Reynolds, vice president of Rey­ changed with regard to the fate of mil­ could begin in the very near future con­ nolds Metals Company, said, however, that lions of subject peoples. The monolithic structing these plants that would solve his industry would buy all the aluminum exterior of the U.S.S.R. has come to be a that could be collected at the $200-a-ton this Naton's massive garbage disposal price. standard feature of the international problem, and the many other environ­ landscape the past half century. Com­ KRETCHMER SOUGHT LAW mental concerns connected with our in­ The legislation allowing plastic and paper mentators have grown accustomed to de­ creasing accumulation of garbage. bags that was signed by the Major had been scribing it, referring to it, and watching David Bird, writing in the New York sought by Jerome Kretchmer, the city's Act­ it from the outside and not surprisingly, Times, discusses this engaging idea. ing Sanitation Commissioner. the impression has been created of a I would like to introduce Mr. Bird's Mr. Kretchmer, who was at the ceremony, giant political hegemony that moves with article into the RECORD at this time: said tests had shown that when bags were one accord and is a union of diverse used instead of metal cans there was less ALUMINUM INDUSTRY OFFERS PROCESS TO Utter, fewer litter fires, a. substantial reduc­ people who have surrendered their na­ RECYCLE WASTE tional feelings in return for a concerted tion in flies and a. 20 per cent increase in effort to bring about a new world order. (By David Bird) productivity of sa.nitationmen. The aluminum industry presented a plan Also at the ceremony was John J. DeLury, That is understandable. That is also yesterday for a recycling plant that could president of the Uniformed Sanitationmen's why it is good to pause on this anniver­ take in all municipal garbage as a raw ma­ Association, who warmly endorse the bag sary each year-to recall the tragic terial and process it into reusable material legislation. He said it was the only issue on events of years ago and the noble senti­ ranging from sand and paper to various types which "we had a. unanimous decision by ments of those early Ukrainian heroes, of metal. 11,000 sa.nitationmen." He cautioned, how­ to be sure; but more important, perhaps Such a plant, for which the industry has ever, that the bags would have to be picked to be mindful that the monolith is not completed feasibility studies, is designed to up from the sidewalks before they were as monolithic as it seems. Within this solve the disposal problem by turning every kicked open by sma.ll boys. bit of garbage into something useful. The bags, which must meet tougher forced union, hundreds of forces are at In another aspect of the garbage-disposal strength standards than for those that have work pulling in opposite directions and problem, Mayor Lindsay signed into law yes­ been generally oi!ered for sale so far, are ex­ away from the center, which is Moscow. terday a bill that would allow plastic and pected to be in the stores as early as this For memories of an independent Ukraine, paper bags to replace the familiar metal gar­ week. Approved bags will carry a drawing of which survived the centuries of Czarist bage can. a. hand with the thumb and forefinger form­ domination have not dried up and dis­ In a City Hall ceremony the Mayor said ing the letter "C." appeared in so short a time as half a the bags would contain the garbage better century of Russian Communist domina­ and simplify collection. As a result, he said, tion. National identity, cultural heritage, "we anticipate a cleaner and quieter city." pride in one's country, centuries of eth­ A COMPLETE PROCESS MRS. SHARON JOHNSON-"WOMAN nic tradition cannot be legislated away The proposal for a recycling plant, which OF THE YEAR" with an act of Congress-not even the was described by the Aluminum Association powerful Soviet congresses. Today be­ at a news conference in the Biltmore Hotel, is one of the first for a. process that would HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON hind the outside wall the Russians have take care of all garbage, not just part of it. OF CALIFORNIA thrown up around their so-called Union, So far, individual industries, under pres­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the flames of national identity still burn sure from environmentalists who are con­ and if one looks closely the mortar of the cerned about the growing mounds of waste, Monday, February 1, 1971 wall is loose and cracked and with each have tended to concentrate on salvage drives Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. month and year the cracks are getting to recover just their own products that be­ Speaker, this past Friday night, January come waste. deeper a.nd wider. These were piecemeal salvage drives-the 29, the Lawndale Coordinating Coun­ This country, the new home of count­ Boy Scouts, for example, bringing back old cil selected Mrs. Sharon Johnson as the less Ukrainians, has only to listen to bottles. Gradually, it became evident that "Woman of the Year" in recognition of these outstanding citizens of America to such drives were not going to be enough to her unselfish efforts for the betterment of know of what proud stu1f these mortals solve the waste problem. the community. 1322 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 Her work with our youth deserves spe­ CONGRESSIONAL RECORD the calendar of School and Magdalen College, Oxford, and cial praise. As a member of the Advisory events of the National Gallery of Art for has served as a Professor of the History of Board of the Lawndale Youth Council, the month of February 1971. Art at the University of London and Director of the Courtauld Institute of Art ( 1937-47). Mrs. Johnson was instrumental in the Once again the National Gallery of He was president of Magdalen College from success of the 1970 cancer drive, and the Art has planned outstanding exhibits 1947-1968. His publications include Boniface October "clean-up" drive. In addition, and events. The American people, and VIII (1933), St. Francis of Assisi (1936-new she has been an assistant leader for the especially those living in our Nation's edition 1968), and numerous articles in the G.S.A. Brownie Troop; assistant den Capital are very fortunate to have this Journal of the Warburg and Courtauld In­ mother for the Cub Scouts; and is cur­ excellent gallery to visit and enjoy. stitutes. He is also editor of the Oxford His­ rently a member of the Lawndale Little The calendar follows: tory of English Art. League Association. The A. W. Mellon Lectures in the Fine Arts NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART CALENDAR OF began in 1952 through grants from the Ava­ In the community, Mrs. Johnson has EVENTS, FEBRUARY 1971 lon and Old Dominion Foundations. Their been equally active. For the past few HOGARTH: PAINTINGS FROM THE COLLECTION purpose is to "bring to the people of the years, she has worked on the local can­ OF MR. AND MRS, PAUL MELLON United States the best oontemporary thought cer fund. In 1968, she worked in the This exhibition is the fourth in the series and scholarship bearing on the subject of the fine The A.W. Mellon Lectures are YMCA fund drive. Mrs. Johnson was a of works by British artists in the collection arts." published in the Bollingen Series by the volunteer worker in the pediatrics sec­ of Mr. and Mrs. Paul Mellon. Twenty-nine tion of the Los Angeles County Health paintings by William Hogarth (1697-1764), Princeton University Press. Previous lec­ the renowned pictorial dramatist and social turers include Sir Nikolaus Pevsner, the Services, and has worked in tuberculosis British architectural historian, and Kenneth and respiratory disease mobile units in commentator of the early 18th century, have been selected for this exhibition, on view on Clark, author and narrator of the "Clv111sa­ the last few years. tion" series, whose lectures in 1953 later were the main floor from February 12 through May For the past 5 years, Mrs. Johnson has published as The Nude: A Study in Ideal 30. The most important picture shown is The Form. worked in the Lawndale Chamber of Beggar•s Opera, which reflects the artist's Commerce Christmas festivals, serving passionate interest in the theater. This EXTENSION SERVICE as chairman, cochairman, and committee painting wm be the subject of the Sunday A new slide lecture, "The Creative Past: chairman. She was the entertainment lecture, February 14 to be given in the Na­ Art of Africa," is now available to schools chairman for the Lawndale lOth anni­ tional Gallery Audi·torium by Ronald Paul­ and community groups through the Gal­ versary and city hall dedication. She has son, Chairman, Department of English, The lery's Extension Service. Based on the highly­ Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore. acclaimed African sculpture exhibition held been instrumental in the success of the at the Gallery in February 1970, this new Lawndale Youth Day Parade, and had Also chosen from Mr. and Mrs. Mellon's collection for this exhibition of Hogarth program offers a basic introduction to the the honor of serving as the Easter bunny works are portraits, genre scenes, a prelimi­ subject through text, recording and seventy­ in the 1969 parade. ill that parade, she nary sketch for the Foundling Hospital altar­ eight color slides. was the cograndmaster with Santa Claus. piece, and the set of twelve paintings mu­ Three revised slide lectures also offered through the Extension Service. "The Artist's Her active participation in the Lawn­ strating Hudibras, a poem by Samuel Butler dale "Monday Eves" has resulted in her satirizing the Puritans. A fully Ulustrated, Eve: Pictorial Composition," "The Artist's fifty-page catalogue of the exhibition ($2.50) Hand: Five Techniques of Painting," and election to most official positions in that "Color and Light in Painting" are now avail­ organization. She served as toy loan co­ has been prepared and annotated by Ross Watson. able. The Extension Service, which reached ordinator and helped to form this worth­ over 3,000 communities last year, also pro­ while project. A seleotion of Hogarth's prints, to go on vides movies, film strips and traveling ex­ view in March in Gallery G-19. will comple­ hibits with over sixty titles ranging from the In the Lawndale Women's Club, Mrs. ment the exhibition of Hogarth's paintings. Johnson is the current dhairman of Byzantine period to the 20th century. "Operation SAM." For the past 5 years, CONTINUING ON VIEW Monday, Feb. 1, through Sunday, Feb. 7 Ingres in Rome, Special Exhibition Gal­ Painting of the week.-(11" x 14" repro­ she has been on the Lawndale Coordinat­ leries, ground floor, through February 20; ing Council where she has served as pres­ ductions with texts for sale this week-15 Kiithe Kollwitz: Prints and Drawings, Gal­ cents each. If mailed, 25 cents each) -Re­ ident and treasurer. lery G-19, ground floor, through February. Her efforts have not gone unnoticed. dan. Evocation of Roussel (Chester Dale Col­ A NEW DIRECTOR'S TOUR ACOUSTIGUIDE lection) Gallery 84--Tues. through Sat. 12:00 She was the recipient of the Lawndale J. Carter Brown has recorded a new Direc­ &2:00; Sun.3:30&6:00. Chamber of Commerce President's Spe­ tor's Tour of the National Gallery, which in­ Tour of the week.-The Exhibition of In­ cial Award for 1969-70 for a nondirector. cludes discussion of some of his favorite gres in Rome, Central Gallery-Tues. through But most importantly, Mr. Speaker, paintings and a number of personal anec­ Sat. 1:00; Sun. 2:30. Mrs. Johnson is a wife and mother. While dotes. This forty-five minute Acoustiguide Tour.-Introduction to the Collection, Ro­ she may not receive recognition in this will be available from the rental desk on the tunda--Man. through Sat. 11:00 & 3:00; Sun. main floor at the Mall Entrance. 5:00. area, I am sure that her diligence and Sunday lecture.-The Styles of Ingres. conscious efforts are well received by GALLERY AND CAFETERIA HOURS Guest Speaker: Robert Rosenblum, Professor those who know her best and have loved The Gallery is open weekdays and Satur­ of Fine Arts, New York University, New her longest. days, 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m., and Sundays, York-Auditorium 4:00. Mr. Speaker, it gives me great pleasure 12 noon to 9:00 p.m. The Cafeteria is open "Civilisation," VI-Protest and Communi­ to recognize Mrs. Sharon Johnson for weekdays, 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m.; luncheon cation-Saturday & Sunday, 12:30 and 1:30. service 11:00 a.m. to 2:30p.m.; and Sundays, Sunday concert.-Rich.ard Morris, Pianist-­ her contributions to the community. I dinner service 1:00 to 7:00 p.m. congratulate the Lawndale Coordinating East Garden Court, 7:00. Council in their choice and I ask my A. W. MELLON LECTURES Monday, Feb. 8, through Sunday, Feb. 14 colleagues to join me in commending Mrs. "Vasari, the Man and the Book" is the Painting of the week.-11"x14" reproduc­ Sharon Johnson for donating her time, subject of the 20th annual A. W. Mellon Lec­ tions with texts for sale this week-15 cents tures in the Fine Arts, to be delivered this each. If mailed, 25 cents each-Vigee-Lebrun. and her efforts to improve our com­ year by the distinguished British art historian The Marquise de Peze and the Marquise de munity. and educator, T. S. R. Boase. Dr. Boase's lec­ Rouget with Her Two Children (Gift of the tures will explore the life and influence of one Bay Foundation) Gallery 55-Tues. through of the most colorful personalities of the Sat. 12:00 & 2:00; Sun. 3:30 & 6:00. NATIONAL GALLERY OF ART CAL­ Renaissance: Giorgio Vasarl (1511-1574), the Tour of the week.-View Painting Prior to ENDAR OF EVENTS, FEBRUARY biographer, painter, collector, and founder of Ingres. Rotunda--Tues. through Sat. 1 :00; 1971 modern art history. Since the 15th century, Sun. 2:30. vasari's often-amusing Lives of the Artists Tour.-Introduction to the Collection. Ro- has been the major source book for students tunda-Man. through Sat. 11:00 & 3: 00; of Italian Renaissance painting. The series of Sun. 5:00. HON. JAMES G. FULTON six consecutive Sunday lectures will begin OF PENNSYLVANIA Sunday letcure.-Hogarth's "Beggar's Op­ February 21 at 4:00 in the National Gallery era,, Guest Speaker: Ronald Paulson, Chair­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Auditorium with a discussion of "Vasari, the man, Department of English, The Johns Monday, February 1, 1971 Man." There is no admission charge to these Hopkins University, Baltimore--Auditorium lectures, which are open to the public. 4:00. Mr. FULTON of Pennsylvania. Mr. Dr. Boase, Chairman of the British School "Civilisation,, VII-Grandeur and Obedi­ Speaker, it is a pleasure to place in the at Rome since 1965, was educated at Rugby ence-Saturday and Sunday, 12:30 and 1:30. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1323

Sunday concert.-Elizabeth Kirkpatrick, [From the Chicago Sun-Times, Jan. 27, 1971] sisted that Mr. Gierek visit them for per­ Soprano Marjorie Yates, Flute, assisted by POLISH MIL IT ANTS ESCAPE REPRISALS sonal on-the-spot examination of their griev­ Meredith Little, Harpsichord; Loren Kitt, ances. And they clinched their point with SZCZECIN, POLAND.-Militant shipyard Clarinet; Glenn Garlick, Cello-East Garden a succession of work stoppages, go-slows, and workers who led last week's strike will suffer Court, 7: 00. agitation at which their demands rapidly as­ Inquiries concerning the Gallery's educa­ no state reprisals, by order of new party sumed a political as well as economic char­ tional services should be addressed to the leader Edward Gierek, i.t was learned Tues­ acter. Educational Office. day. AlreaiCiy in the wake of Mr. Gierek's visit Szczecin, badly hit by food price riots last Monday, Feb. 15, through Sunday, Feb. 21 some local officials who had lost the work­ month, swung into a second day of normal ers' confidence have been relieved of their Painti ng of the week.-8" x 10" black­ working. People lined up Tuesday morning posts. More are to follow and also, according and-white photographs with texts for sale to buy up the local paper which gave the first to Warsaw reports, more changes at higher, this week-75c each. Vuillard. Public Garden, full account of G ierek's meeting with pro­ national levels can be expected before the (Lent by Nathan Cummings) Gallery 76- testing workers here. party's Central Cominittee plenum in early Tues. through Sat. 12:00 and 2: 00; Sun. 3:30 The men h ad struck to emphasize eco­ February. and 6:00. nomic and polit ical grievances, including a Mr. Gierek's reputation and his popularity Tour of the week.-Artists in Rome. Ro­ demand for the punishment of those who and acceptance are obviously all consider­ tunda-Tues. through Sat. 1 :00; Sun. 2:30. ordered militia and troops to shoot at civil­ ably enhanced. His principal aim on this Tour.-Introduction to the Collection. Ro­ ians during the pre-Christmas clashes. Un­ tour was both to hear the workers and to tundar-Mon. 11:00, 1:00 and 3: 00; Tues. confirmed reports say scores of persons were bring home to them the serious nature of through Sat. 11:00 and 3:00; Sun. 5:00. shot and hundreds injured. the country's economic probleinS. Sunday lectur e.-Vasari, the Man and the "The yardmen insisted that people who gave the order to shoot be severely punished, He included a warning against allowing Book: The Man, Guest Speaker: T. S. R. their understandable impatience for better Boase, A. W. Mellon Lecturer in the Fine the newspaper Glos Szczecinski said. things to be exploited by people still in places Gierek, after promising strike leaders they Arts--Auditorium 4:00. of influence. He said some of them were "Civilisation," VIII.-The Light of Experi­ would not be punished, warned that the na­ " causing difficulties." ence Saturday and Sunday, 12 :30 and 1:30. tion was in a "blind alley" economically. Sunday concert.-Shoshana Shoshan, So­ There was no more money at present for HINT TO OPPOSITION prano, Allan Rogars, Pianist-East Garden further wage hikes. It was his first semipublic allusion to the c2urt, 7:00. continued presence in the leadership of po­ Monday, Feb. 22, through Sunday, Feb. 28 [From the Christian Science Monitor, Jan. tential opposition. But, according to in­ 29, 1971] formed observers in Warsaw, his sympathetic Painting of the week.-11" x 14" repro­ handling of men and events in Szczecin and duction with texts for sale this week-15 ON WAY TO JOBS, POLES CHEER GIEREK Gdansk not only cooled a dangerous de­ cents each. (If mailed 25 cents each)-Gil­ (By Eric Gourne) velopment there but also deflated any who bert Stuart. The Skater (Andrew Mellon Col­ hanker for a harder line. lection), Gal.Jery 60B-Tues. through Sat. VIENNA.-Poland's Baltic workers went At least for the present, his talks with the 12:00 and 2:00; Sun. 3:30~S.nd 6:00. back to work and Edward Gierek, the Poles' Tour of the week.-Ingres and Neoclassic­ new party chief, returned to his desk in War­ workers apparently reflected his own policies ism. Central Gallery-Tues. through Sat. saw after an exchange on an equal footing earlier-that is before he came to power as 1:00; Sun. 2:30. without parallel in 25 years of Coroinunist party chief in Silesia, Poland's rich coal­ Tour.-Introduction to the Collection. Ro­ rule in Eastern Europe. and steel-producing region. There consumer tundar-Mon. through Sat. 11:00 and 3:00; For Mr. Gierek, his visit to the troubled standards were never allowed to be overshad­ Sun. 5:00. northern ports was a notable success in a owed or overriden by production goals as Sunday Zecture.-Vasari, the Man and the sedulously pursued effort to establish a elsewhere in Poland. Book: The Book, Guest Speaker: T. s. R. meaningful dialogue between the regime and He set out to bring home to the workers Boase, A. W. Mellon Lecturer in the Fine the people. the plain, inescapable fact that the economy Arts--Aud1torium 4:00. It goes much further-especially in its at present has no reserves or slack in which "Civilisation," IX.-The Pursuit of Happi­ background of incipient revolt--than the living standards can be raised as rapidly as ness-Saturday and Sunday, 12:30 and 1:30. rapport which the Hungarian regime has the workers would wish. His appeal was es­ Sunday concert.-Sheila Henig, Pianist­ established with its workers through the pecially emphasized for the shipyard work­ East Garden Court, 7:00. modest "liberalization" of the labor unions ers who have been responsible for Poland's All concerts, with intermission talks by in years of cautious reform. biggest single area of economic expansion members of the National Gallery Staff, are Not even the independent Yugoslav Com­ since the war. broadcast by Station WGMS-AM (570) and munists have had quite such a confronta­ FM (103.5). tion. [From the Washington Post, Feb. 1, 1971] CHEERED BY WORKMEN POLISH PARTY PAPER ANALYZES, DENOUNCES For the Polish workers it was an unique GOMULKA REGIME occasion because by bypassing their "estab­ (By Dan Morgan) A HOPEFUL SIGN IN POLAND: lishment" representatives they constituted their own negotiating bodies and won their WARSAW.-A close lieutenant of new Polish POLISH MILITANTS ESCAPE RE­ Cominunist leader Edward Gierek has pub­ PRISAL demand to put their case on their own terms and without inhibitions of any kind directly lished the first comprehensive, party-sanc­ to the country's leader. tioned critique of the government of Wladys­ From all accounts Mr. Gierek's frank plea law Gomulka, who was ousted from p ower in HON. ROMAN C. PUCINSKI December. OF ILLINOIS for "confidence, help, better work, under­ standing and patience," coupled with under­ Western diplomatic analysts here believe IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES takings to adjust the new norm and incen­ the detailed document may serve as the Monday, February 1, 1971 tive arrangements which finally sparked the basis for a thoroughgoing purge of party ele­ December discontent was well received. ments loyal to Gomulka and his policies. Mr. PUCINSKI. Mr. Speaker, we have He was cheered at the end of a meeting The author is Maciej Szczepanski, editor been watching with great interest there­ with str1k1ng shipyard workers at Szczecin of the daily Trybuna Robotnica which is the cent developments in Poland under the where he arrived when the yards had been main party paper of Gierek's home region idle for almost 72 hours and again at Gdansk of Silesia. His article took up more than a new party leader, Edward Gierek. full page of the paper's Thursday edition. It is, I believe, a cautiously hopeful which is Poland's biggest shipbuilding cen­ ter. It sharply attacked by name two of Go­ sign that Mr. Gierek has ordered no At Szczecin the questions and his answers mulka's proteges, economic planner Boleslaw state reprisals against the militant ship­ and his painstaking hearing of the many Jaszcuk and ideologist Zenon Kliszko, both yard workers who struck recently to workers delegated by the rank and file went of whom lost their posts on the politburo in appeal their economic and political on into the small hours. A "working session" last month's shuffie. And it referred to the grievances. with the Gdansk workers lasted seven hours. "autocratic methods of the former first sec­ Perhaps this gesture on Mr. Gierek's After it was all over, the return to normal retary"-Gomulka. part signals the beginning of a new era working in the Baltic ports apparently was At the same time Szczepanski made a long soon complete. and detailed analysis and critique of the eco­ of peaceful dissent in this strife-torn na­ Both sides--the new regime and the work­ nomic, ideological and political faults of the tion. We will continue to observe Mr. ers in a branch of industry whose welfare old regime. In essence, he maintained that Gierek's policies with careful optimism. is vital to economic growth-seemed to have bad economic programs had squandered the Mr. Speaker, news articles about these gained appreciably from the exchange. hard work of devoted leaders. possibly hopeful new policies follow: From early January the workers had in- Though party and non-party officials have 1324 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 been outspokenly critical in private of the FLAWS IN REVENUE-SHARING PLAN leaving states and cities to raise money by Gomulka regime since its demise, Western increasing their taxes: That would still leave diplomats said this was the most sweeping our poorer states in financial trouble because condemnation to appear in an official publi­ HON. JOSEPH E. KARTH they simply do not have an adequate tax cation here. Excerpts have been printed in OF MINNESOTA base. the Warsaw press and read over television. So what revenue-sharing means is that the The article appeared to serve the double IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES federal government will take money from aim to enhancing the reputation of Gierek Monday, February 1, 1971 rich communities and share it with poor as man who had opposed faulty policies, and communities to equalize the level of life from of preparing the party and country for the Mr. KARTH. Mr. Speaker, in view of state to state. coming eighth plenum of the Central Com­ the tremendous interest in so-called That is an acceptable goal-as long as the mittee and more sweeping personnel changes. revenue-sharing plans, I think it is valu­ revenues that are turned back are also used "Personnel policies are now undergoing able at this point to reprint the fine ar­ to equa.Uze the level of life within the state major change," the article said. "Every man ticle by Carl T. Rowan published in the or the ol.ty. is being assessed as to his abilities. The party Washington Evening Star on January But that is where I have my deepest re5er­ rejects the old system of Kliszko of picking va.tions about turning back to local govern­ 'his boys' regardless of whether they knew 27, 1971. I believe we can profit from ments several billions of dolLars in Ull1'e­ how or wanted to serve the party. We know the perspective of this acute observer. stricted block grants. History suggests that now that birth, long years of work or past The article follows: the funds will not be used in a way that lifts merits are in fact secondary. The main thing FLAws IN REVENUE-SHARING PLAN everyone's level of life in many cities and is the amount of ideological knowledge and (By Carl T. Rowan) states. political engagement, experience and profes­ Even when Congress allocated a. billion sional qualifications." I just can't work up an enthusiasm for doUars a year With a. clear stipulation that Szczepanski wrote that party organizations giving huge sums of federal money to George it be used for "compensatory education" of have now been "given back their statutory Wallace of Alabama. or Ronald Reagan of poor. underprivileged children, local officials duties, rights and functions." California., With no restrictions on how that were caught using the money on the well­ No date has been announced for the Cen­ money is to be spent. to-do or to continued programs that pre­ tral Committee plenum, but it is expected I appreciate fully the financial crisis of viously were financed with regular local to take place in the first half of February. most states and the near-bankruptcy of many funds. Gomulka and his associates are still mem­ cities, but "revenue sharing" as proposed by A similar misuse of funds occurred when bers of the Central Committee. Is was clear the Nixon administration does not strike me Congress allocated millions to encourage and from the Szczepanski article that, in the as an effective or proper solution. increase school desegregation. view of Gierek supporters, those men stand When it comes to philosophy of govern­ Congress has every reason, then, to be du­ for policies that are completely discredited. ment, I agree that power ought to rest with bious about handing over vast sums of "no The Writer described the "bungling inabil­ the people, that people at the very local level strings" money to states and cities. ity of economic experts in the Jaszczuk ought to have as much control over their af­ And President Nixon's revenue-sharing style" and said that their erroneous policies fairs as possible, that our federal bureauracy package probably will be even less appeal­ meant that the "devotion of the working has become so big and unmanageable that ing when we learn what federal programs he class brought no results in the sphere of the public has every reason to be fed up With plans to reduce or abollsh in order to free productivity or social amenities." waste and duplication. $10 billion for local government. The new leadership has sttll not revealed But before we plunge blindly into a reve­ What is more acceptable--and more like­ its own program for solving the country's nue-sharing binge, we had better remind ly of congressional approval-is that the fed­ economic difficulties, but some guidelines ourselves that the reason why the states eral government lift the $5 billion welfare are expected to emerge from the coming want to share federal money is precisely why burden off the states and that it assume meeting. the federal government has grown too big much more of the cost of education. According to reports from Szczecin, the and unWieldly. That would give the nation a reformed wel­ riot-struck Baltic city visited by Gierek a That reason is that the federal government fare program with national standards in­ week ago, the party leader won enthusie.stic can achieve things that people at the local stead of the mish-mash of widely differing applause when he said that the unpopular level cannot or will not do because local state programs. It would set us on the way incentive program of the Gomulka Govern­ governments lack the resources--or the poli­ toward an educational system where every ment was being shelved tical guts. child in South Carolina would have about The object of the program was to encour­ The federal government has grown fat and the same chance of getting an education as age efficiency by rewarding profit-making overpowerful because of default at the local the chlldren of Michigan or California. firms. But managers and workers found the level. That would leave states and cities with plan too complex. Why should the federal government be adequate funds to meet other needs. And it The main objections of workers to the in­ paying to educate pre-schoolers in West Vir­ would leave power to the local people--to the centive plan were that the rewards were to ginia, or educationally deprived teen-agers extent that local people are willing to pay be allotted on a yearly basis rather than in in Tennessee, or to build dormitories on a for thei~ power. monthly paychecks, and that bonuses were campus in Oregon? Because the states and tied to the efficiency of the enterprises as a other units of local government would never whole rather than individuals. do it. Western economic analysts believe that Why is the federal government involved Gierek may introduce his own incentive pro­ in consumer protection, voter-registration, REVENUE SHARING-PASSING THE gram in the future, taking into account the health care for the poor and the aged, or BUCK-IS ALBANY'S GAME objections to the old plan. food and food stamps for the poor and hun­ In the context of "worsening standards gry? Because state and local government long of living," and other economic ills, the ago abdicated--or ducked-responsibility in HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI "bungling" price increases of December these fields. OF NEW YORK which triggered rioting were only thP. "last speci.al interest and special privilege have IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES drop of bitterness," Szczepanski wrote. always operated with greater success on lo­ "The working class was trying to work cal politicians than on leaders at the national Monday, February 1, 1971 devotedly," he contint:ed. "However, the level. So local politicians have been more Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, a longtime engagement (Jf the working people was not than happy to leave it to federal authorities newspaperman friend, Jerry Allan, whom accompanied by wise economic policy and to do the unpopular, controversial jobs. effective concepts. Voluntarism, interference Local officials naturally prefer to let the I came to know well when he was cover­ with and paralyzing of the state adminlstra­ federal government levy taxes and pass mon­ ing municipal affairs in my home city tion and autocratic styles of governing led to ey on to them. That is much less risky politi­ of Buffalo, N.Y., has shifted his base of this-that the hard work of our people did cally than asking the federal government to operations to Albany, our State capital. not bring expected results in either quantity reduce its taxes substantially so states and He is Albany bureau chief for the Buf­ or quality of production. cities can raise their taxes and in that way falo Evening News and keeps tabs on the "Our party quite frankly admits that the get adequate revenues. broad State picture while at the same workers are right when they say their life is The system now proposed would turn time giving special attention to the in­ hard. Whenever justified, we always con.fl.rm money and spending power back to local gov­ terests of our western end of the State. that real wages of some workers, relative to ernments, but it would not turn back the the prices, are low. Our party w111 not con­ responsibility and accountab111ty that would On the current controversial subject tinue the old practice of trying to talk peo­ exist if local units of government had to of Federal revenue sharing, Mr. Allan ple into believing that the last price hike bear the onus of levying the taxes. has taken the broad view of recent do­ was no profit to the state and no loss to the I am a.wa.re of a major fla.w in the argu­ ings in Albany which he calls passing workers. This is absurd." ment that federal taxes should be reduced, the buck. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1325 For the information of my colleagues, Rockefeller and Lindsay, are not telllng the when he was presented the first Trustees here is Mr. Allan's article of January 30: complete story. Award by the board of library trustees. "The localities are virtually powerless" to The following article outlines the part REVENUE SHARING--PASSING THE BucK- find any new tax sources, Lindsay complained IS ALBANY'S GAME the other day. played by Mr. Kofman and his news­ (By Jerry Allan) Yet in the 11 years he has been governor, papers with respect to the San Leandro ALBANY.-Politicians, who delight in eva­ Rockefeller has persuaded the Legislature to Community Library Center: LIBRARY TRUSTEES HONOR ABE KOFMAN sive language, call it "shifting responsibi­ give New York City authority to impose an lities." income tax and to tap about 30 other tax (By Josephine Roberts) But "passing the buck" is a more descrip­ levies. SAN LEANDRO.-The policy of The Morning tive term for what happened in Albany this STATE PAYS ITS SHARE News as determined by its publisher, Abe week. The Governor appears to be on solid Kofrnan, is to give extensive coverage to news The setting was a din1ng room in a down­ ground when he claims that New York State stories originating in San Leandro. This pol­ town hotel where about 200 mayors of vil­ taxpayers send billions to Washington and icy brought Kofman a handsome bronze lages and cities gathered for a legislative get back only 11 cents on the dollar. trophy and a commendation spelling out meeting of the State Conference of Mayors, Rockefeller is correct in that direct federal services rendered from the Board of Library a group that lobbies in Albany for small gov­ grants to the state total about $2 billion. Trustees on Saturday. ernments. But federal accountants are also correct The first "Trustees Award" was accepted Gov. Rockefeller and Mayor John V. Lind­ when they say that the governor is not in­ by Mort Kofman, assistant publisher, as The say of New York were the star attractions. cluding, for example, New York's pro rata Morning News publisher was out of town re­ "I wish we had a mock fire," an observer share of the cost of the Defense Department, ceiving another award for community service. said. "We could put Gov. Rockefeller at the which presumably watches over the security The presentation was made by James P. end of the line, passing the first bucket of of New Yorkers as well as the rest of the Riley, president of the Board of Library Trus­ water. He hands it to Mayor Lindsay and so nation. tees during an open house and reception on up the line until we get to the fire and A few state legislators feel that, even if a commemorating the loth anniversary of the there is the mayor of the smallest village reluctant Congress approves revenue shar­ dedication of the San Leandro Community in the state, with the ultimate responsibi­ ing, only a few years will elapse and local Library Center. lity for putting out the fire." governments w111 plead poverty again. The commendation noted that the entire The fire, of course, is the money short­ "You could open Ft. Knox to Lindsay one staff of The Morning News has given much age, or in polite terms "the fiscal crisis" that day," said Assemblyman Vito B. Battista of time and effort to tell the COmmunity Li­ every government leader, from President Brooklyn. "He'd empty it and be back the brary stories, both for routine services and Nixon to the little village mayor, claims is next day for more dough." special events. shoving municipalities into bankruptcy. Battista feels that New York City and all This coverage has benefited greatly those VILLAGE GOING DOWN DRAIN other local governments could obtain more who use library services as well a.s those or­ revenue by overhauling property assess­ ganizations and staff supplying these serv­ A man with the improbable name of Mil­ ments. ton Elezophn, the mayor of Newark, in Wayne ices. ON TAXING REAL ESTATE County, said his village is going down the In reviewing the excellent relationship drain because of "double taxation," forced During his first term, 1958-61, Mayor Se­ that has existed between the Library Trustees on the village because it is part of a town. dita of Buffalo began to review city property and the entire Mornings News Trustees ex­ "We need help," Mayor Elezophn said. assessments with the idea of raising the tax tended to the Morning News-Abe Kofman. John B. Walsh, the lawyer who runs the base but there was tremendous property publisher, its commendation together with Buffalo lobby in Albany, said the ctty could owner opposition and he abandoned the the first "Trustees Award" trophy in sincere do better if persons who live in the Erie plan. appreciation of valuable services rendered County suburbs paid for services supplied by The Legislature last year adopted a law the library program. Buffalo. designed to remove property assessment from The commendation carries the signatures "We are children of the state," said Mayor politics but it will be a long time before of James P. Riley, Vernon T. Larson, Joseph Erastus Corning of Albany. valuation of property for tax purposes W. Smith Carlos Almeida, Faith Frazier, and "Cities, counties and villages in a fiscal reaches a state standard. C. H. Lubker. crisis must turn to Albany," cried Lindsay. Revenue sharing from whatever source, all The Morning News and its publisher were After several hours of buck passing it was politicians agree, is another way of tapping lauded for strong support not only of library Gov. Rockefeller's turn to get in line. the taxpayer since the private enterprise programs since the modern facility wa.s dedi­ "What we need desperately," Rockefeller wage earner is the source of all taxes. cated but for support of the fight to acquire said, "is Washington's help in meeting the The collected speeches of William E. Mil­ the library. crushing problems," a reference to the gover­ ler, if the Lockport politician ever decides to Riley mentioned that the Morning News nor's plea for $11 billion in revenue sharing collect them, will not rival the works of had carried stories about the building of the money from the Congress. Winston Churchill. library center when the project was simply a "Several overlapping layers of government But one of his remarks, made often during need and a dream. are represented here," one mayor said, "and the 1964 Goldwater-Miller presidential cam­ Present at the anniversary open house were when you get them all in one room you get a paign, is worth recalling, now that federal some members of the original "Big L Com­ good idea of how one layer blames the other, revenue shartng is seen as salvation. Said mittee" that spearheaded the drive for the or seeks help from the other." Miller: San Leandro Community Center Llbra;ry, These ten people later worked closely with IT'S TWS YEAR'S CATCHWORD "The federal government never gives you anything that it hasn't first taken away." the architect during the planning and erec­ Revenue sharing is the catchword in Al­ tion of the Estudillo Avenue facility. bany this year. Among Big L Committee in attendance Reporters waited in vain this week for any were James P. Riley, Edmund (Ted) Cole discussion by the mayors or even Rockefeller and Helen De George. Mrs. De George was the of using the tax dollar more efficiently, ob­ LIBRARY TRUSTEES HONOR only woman on the Big L Committee. taining more productivity from the millions ABE KOFMAN Numerous people who had worked on sub­ of village, town, city, county and state em­ committees were in the audience a.s well as ployes. members of the San Leandro City Council, Walsh didn't bother to explain why munic­ HON. GEORGE P. MILLER various city boards and commissions. ipalities in Erie County need about 25 sepa­ OF CALIFORNIA Mayor Jack D. Maltester paid brief tribute rate police departments. to all the people and organizations who had Mayor Stephen May of Rochester saw a IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES supported the effort to build the library ray of hope in an 18-member, blue-ribbon Monday, February 1, 1971 center. He remarked that front page stories commission appointed by Gov. Rockefeller in the Morning News had played a vital role to review the problems of local governments. Mr. MILLER of California. Mr. in enlisting community support and bringing It will spend about $250,000. Speaker, Mr. Abe Kofman is not only an the library project to a successful conclusion. The state, of course, already has an Ofllce excellent newspaperman but an out­ He noted that continuing newspaper support for Local Government which uses about $6 standing civic leader. He has been in the had made the library a true community cen­ million a year "to increase the capabilities forefront of promoting projects to bene­ ter serving the people efllciently and well. o'! local governments to organize and man­ fit Alameda County, and much of the Present at the open house and recep-t;•on age colle<:tlvely local functions and services." are the six students from Rlberao Preto, f1an In all the discussions of revenue sharing, space in his papers is devoted to extoll­ Leandro's sister city in Brazil. They were m­ either by v11lages, cities, counties, the state ing the virtues of library programs. This troduced by Carlos Almeida, library trustee or the federal government, it is diffi.cult to is just one example of his civic endeavors and chairman of the Town Aftillatlon Com­ get at the truth and the polltlclans, even and it was justly recognized recently mittee. 1326 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 COURAGE, COMPASSION MARK fice, and of their hundreds of counter­ OL' J. HENRY, CENTRAL TEXAS WEST CONSHOHOCKEN TRAGEDY parts from volunteer companies in the CHRONICLER county. The cooperation and courage of police, government officials, and indi­ HON. R. LAWRENCE COUGHLIN viduals certainly displayed the highest HON. J. J. PICKLE OF PENNSYLVANIA degree of concerned citizenship. I cannot OF TEXAS IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES single out any individual or group, nor IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES Monday, February 1, 1971 would they want this, except to be known that they were tested and did not fail in Monday, February 1, 1971 Mr. COUGHLIN. Mr. Speaker, a devas­ their obligations to their fellow men. tating series of gas-fed fires and explo­ Mr. PICKLE. Mr. Speaker, a few days To deplore and commiserate is not ago a beloved and respected man passed sions wracked the Borough of West Con­ enough, however. I intend to do my ut­ shohocken, Pa., in my congressional dis­ into the realm of central Texas legend. most to cooperate with the Pennsylvania Judge J. Henry Martindale was for 71 trict on the night of January 17, 1971. Public Utility Commission and others years a part of the heart of central Texas The toll is appalling: Four dead, 35 in­ involved in investigating the reasons for and was one of her greatest chroniclers. jured, and 24 homes destroyed. these series of blasts and fires. Within Lovable, witty, plain spoken, and with While there are many questions that Federal jurisdiction, I will propose rec­ a great love for the country and for the surround the circumstances of this ommendations, if the probes reveal these people, he regularly pounded out his tragedy, there are other things which are necessary, for tightening Federal thoughtful messages for his three news­ stand out quite clearly. These are the laws on natural gas pipelines. paper columns on an old typewriter at courage and compassion of the many Preliminary information provided to the Caldwell County Courthouse. people whose lives became intertwined me indicated the cause may have been Since I have been a Member of this when the rending basts tore apart ma­ a crack in a weld of a 50-year-old 16- body, I have been privileged to make sonry walls, spewed fire over the street, inch steel, high-pressure pipeline. I won­ many trips to Caldwell County-and my and left families homeless. dered, as I viewed the devastation in visits always started from the courthouse In my county of Montgomery, we are West Conshohocken, just how many and J. Henry. His views of current events served by volunteer firemen and that other pipelines might be just as old or were always full of simple wisdom and a night proved once again that they stand older, might be just as susceptible to true mirror of the sentiments of his area. with the best of professional firemen leaks or stresses, and might be just as An able Austin newspaperman, Mr. anywhere in competence, valor, and dedi­ vulnerable to circumstances which led to Nat Henderson, did a fine job of relat­ cation to duty. Joseph Powers, 19, a vol­ the incredible series of events that com­ ing what J. Henry has meant to central unteer with West Conshohocken's George prised the West Conshohocken disaster. Texas. I would like to reprint their story Clay Fire Co., was playing a hose on a The very least we owe to those who in the RECORD at this time: buming house after initial blasts in died, to the sorrowing survivors, to the JUDGE, REPORTER: OL' J. HENRY LAm IN homes when the streets erupted in ex­ homeless, and to those brave citizens RESTING PLACE plosion. The concussion caused the who were there that night is to review house's front wall to collapse. He was (By Nat Henderson) all regulations, making sure they are LocKHART.-They laid ol' J. Henry to rest crushed to death. strong enough, tightening them up and Saturday in the Lockhart Graveyard. His twin brother, James, was further enacting new ones if necessary, making That's probably the way Judge Martindale away and was fighting the fire. He was certain we have stiff inspection proce­ would have written his own obituary if he injured along with other volunteer fire­ dures and remedies for deficiencies, in­ could have pecked it out on his old type­ men. stituting procedures for immediately writer down at the Caldwell County Court­ Two children, missing the night of the house, like he did for so many decades for cutting off gas to ruptured lines, and the Austin American-Statesman. fire later were found dead. They were taking every possible step to prevent a Midhael Pruitt, 14, and his sister, Mi­ He passed away Thursday in a Houston reoccurrence of this type of disaster. infirmary after being born 71 years ago on a chelle, 8. Their grandfather Albert Rupp, farm in the sandy hill country halfway be­ 66, had been blown out of the house by tween Lockhart and McMahan and doing a one of the explosions and died later in lot of things in the time between. the hospital. SALUTE TO BRAVE UKRAINIANS- John Henry Martindale was justice of the In West Conshohocken, a community 53D ANNIVERSARY OF INDEPEND­ peace in Caldwell County from 1933-42 and of a little more than 2,000 people with ENCE county treasurer from 1942 until just last less than a square mile of area, the flags month. He became a legend with his home­ fly at half staff. Neighbors, service or­ spun philosophizing and storytelling in his newspaper columns. He wrote "J. Henry Says" ganizations, officials of government 31t HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD in the Austin American, "Uncle Si's Obser­ all levels, and individuals are working to OF PENNSYLVANIA vations" in the Austin Statesman and "Under ease the burden of the grieving and the IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the Courthouse Clock" in the Lockhart Post­ displaced. Register for many years. The courage and compassion that Friday, January 29, 1971 He became a correspondent for the Austin marked the early hours of the West Con­ Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, the American in 1930 Stnd continued to gather news from the Lockhart area until the early shohocken tragedy are evidenced in the people of the Ukraine proclaimed their 1960's. continuing efforts of countless groups independence 53 years ago, but enjoyed Martindale made news himself as well as and individuals. As the Congressman, very little freedom before they were reporting it. As a correspondent, he some­ and formerly the State Senator for West crushed by Russian force. times had to quote himself as a county of­ Conshohocken, my personal inspection For half of a century they have been ficial. He never accused himself of misquot­ of the site further convinced me of the victims of personal, religious, and politi­ ing himself in the newspapers. widespread impact of this disaster. cal oppression, yet have never lost their Once upon a time, Justice of the Peace Words are inadequate to comfort a spirit or desire to be free. Martindale was presiding at an examining On this occasion, we in the Congress trial in a criminal case. The prosecuting mother who has lost two children and attorney introduced some evidence which her father. Expressions of sympathy can­ salute the brave Ukrainians and the would have made news. The prosecutor ad­ not console a mother who has lost a twin work of the Ukrainian Congress Commit­ vised Martindale the judge not to give the son. Even all our efforts to provide shel- tee of America who have done so much information to Martindale the reporter. ter clothing, and food for the homeless to sustain their fellow countrymen and A headline the following morning in the so~ehow cannot make up for the terrible to speak out against tyranny, not only Austin American said, "J. Henry Not Talking suffering caused these people. in the Ukraine but wherever people are to Self." The scars of the West Conshohocken captive. Once upon another time, Judge Martindale got Reporter Martindale In a jam over a tragedy will remain. But remaining also It is our hope-and our duty-to work Christmas turkey on the courthouse lawn. will be the indomitable spirit of the vol­ for the day when all men will enjoy the Lockhart businessmen were giving away unteer firemen of George Clay Fire Co., right to choose their own way of life and prizes, and the turkey gift flew the coop and as exemplified by Joseph Powers' sacri- their own government. roosted in a tree. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1327 A young boy climbed the tree, captured HARDEN: Labor News Conference. Welcome that spending and other kinds of' spending the bird and came crashing to the ground to another edition of Labor News Conference, that would help pull us out of the recession? when the turkey flapped its wings. a public affairs program brought to you by GoLDFINGER. Well, we need expansionary "The ambulance carried the boy off to the the A~IO. Labor NeWs Conference brings policies, Miss Shanahan, certainly. hospital," . Martindale wrote later, "and I together leading AFL-CIO representatives We've been in a recession for about a year heard on the street the lad was dead on and ranking members of the press. Today's and one-half. arrival. I beat it to the telephone and called guest is Nathaniel Goldfinger, director of the Unemployment has risen to about five the American. They printed the story the AFL-CIO's Department of Research. million people, or six percent of the labor following morning. But when I got to town Early this month, President Nixon an­ force. the next morning, I heard the boy had iodine nounced new federal tax procedures permit­ Additional millions of people are com­ spread over his cuts and was turned loose. ting business and industry a faster write-off pelled to work part-time, and their weekly "Guess I should have called the coroner to of expenditures for equipment that would take-home pay is cut. confirm the death, but, shoot, I was the cut several billion dollars from federal tax On top of that we have inflation. coroner," Martindale said. revenues. Although implementation of the The result is a combination of inflation Martindale got a bang out of spoofing plan must be delayed until completion of and recession. people, places and things including himself. hearings required by the Administrative We certainly do need an expansionary "I attend a rural school. Got a diploma. Procedures Act, it is clear that the Admin­ policy-we do need a massive, expansionary from Harmony Grove Rural High School and istration intends to press for it. The AFL-CIO stimulus to the economy-to stimulate sales, was salutatorian. The other member of the charged that the billion dollar tax break for production and employment. class was valedictorian," he wrote. business would "help those who need it least But it seems to me that this is the most Being an honor graduate, Martindale often as the expense of those who n eed it most," fantastic way of doing it. This is the old ohided those who were against progress in and branded the move "incredib!e." Here to "trickle-down" theory of the 1890's and the public schools. Once the Lockhart schools question Mr. Goldfinger about the ~IO's 1920's-the economic theory of Presidents became the center of a controversy over views of that Administration-proposed tax McKinley, Coolidge and Harding. money to be spent to improve the school break for business. chances for its adoption SHANAHAN. What would you do as an alter­ buildings. He wrote a column about the cost and other economic matters, are Eileen native? of the proposed remodeling on the school Shanahan, of the New York Times' Wash­ GoLDFINGER. Well, the alternative is to in­ restrooms. ington bureau, and Frank Swoboda, labor crease sales and increase production by in­ "We didn't have all that fancy plumbing correspondent for Business Week Magazine. creasing government expenditures for vital­ back in Harmony Grove School, and people Your moderator, Frank Harden. ly-needed social requirements, such as hous­ got educated just the same. The girls went And now, Mr. Swoboda, I believe you have ing, hospital construction and school con­ to the pecan mott on one side of the school, the first question? struction. That increases employment--and and the boys went to the oak grove on the SwoBODA. Mr. Goldfinger, could you give it also increases public investment. That, other side." us a basic description of just what "liberal­ Miss Shanahan, would increase industry's After that, very few people objected to the ized corporate depreciation scales" means? operating rate. building program in Lockhart. GOLDFINGER. Well, in a way, this is a tech­ It is true, as the Administration states, Martindale's columns in several newspapers nical issue. Mr. Swoboda--but, a technical that business outlays-business expenditures sometimes were poignant, sometimes hilari­ issue that amounts to billions of dollars of for new machinery--are now levelling off. ous and always full Of thought. He had a tax write-off for business. But, they are not levelling off because busi­ simple explanation for nearly everything­ It's a. strange and wrong-headed move, as ness doesn't have the money to spend-they including politics. I see it, for the President to make the first are levelling off, because industry is operat­ "My maternal grandmother was a young step of eoonomic policy measures in the year ing at only about 76 percent of capacity. In housewife with an infant son and lived near 1971, a form of tax bonanza amounting to other words, at present, almost 25 percent of Gordon, Ga., when Sherman and his hench­ several billion dollars to corporate business. American industry's machinery, equipment. men came marching by on their way to the The way it works, business will be per­ •and plan ts is standing idle, and standing sea.... She died at 96, an unreconstructed mitted to write off the cost of machines and idle because sales and production are insuf­ Rebel to the end," Martindale wrote in 1961. equipment at a rate about 20 percent faster ficient. There aren't enough customers for "Had I voted for the GOP in November and than at present. The so-called "normal life" the things that we oan produce in this econ­ had I died a few weeks later and had I made of a machine will be cut by about one-fifth. omy. it to Heaven, I sure would have had a hard If under the present Treasury rules it is We have to increase the number of cus­ time explaining my vote to Grandma,'• he writen off in ten years, the new Treasury tomers-we have to increase consumer spend­ said. rules will permit the company to write it off ing power-we have to increase government in eight years. spending and government investment. That Now, this amounts to an awful lot o! way, you eventually increase business invest­ money, when you add the whole thing to­ ments in new plants and machines, rather gether. The Treasury Department's own AF~CIO'S GOLDFINGER ASSAILS than to try to do it through the old "trickle­ estimates are, $2.7 billion in the first full down" theory of handouts and tax-bonanzas NEW DEPRECIATION RULES AS year of' operation, running to more than $4 to business. "TAX BONANZA" FOR BUSINESS billion five years down the road. SwoBODA. Mr. Goldfinger, what's the differ­ This is a huge tax cut to business. It's the ence between this and President Kennedy's equivalent of something like a seven percent Investment Tax Credit in 1962? HON. HENRY S. REUSS tax cut for corporate business. But the GOLDFINGER. Well, the Investment Tax OF WISCONSIN Treasury did a few other things here. Credit for business investments in equip­ They not only stepped up the regular IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment, which President Kennedy put into ef­ write-off for business equipment by about fect back in 1962, was opposed by the AFL­ Monday, February 1, 1971 20 percent, they also provided an additional CIO at the time. write-off in the first year. Then-and to me, There was a difference, however. Mr. REUSS. Mr. Speaker, the research this is utterly incredible--they propose to The seven percent tax credit did show up director of the ~CIO, Mr. Nathaniel drop the reserve ratio test. This test, under as profit. The gimmickry of the Administra­ Goldfinger, had some cogent remarks the old rules, required the company to tion's move here is technical, but it is very about the administration's new deprecia­ actually replace the machines at about the interesting. By stepping up depreciation tion rules in the course of a radio inter­ !'late that they were writing them off. The write-offs, the way the Treasury is doing it view carried January 26 on Labor News Treasury now announces that it will drop at present, they are increasing the reported Conference over the Mutual Broadcast­ this test. oosts of doing business, for bookkeeping pur­ By eliminating the reserve ratio test, the poses. And on that basis, business gets a tax ing System: Treasury, it seems to me, is eliminating any cut, because reported business costs are in­ LABOR NEWS CONFERENCE rational basis for depreciation write-offs. creasing and reported profits are declining, Subject: Billion Dollar Tax Break for Busi­ It's simply saying to American business that and business gets a tax bonanza. ness. from now on, depreciation is whatever the The big corporation will get the lion's Guest: Nathaniel Goldfinger, director of Treasury says it is, not the rate at which share of this, not the small businesses. the ~IO's Department of Research. machinery wears out and is replaced. So, what's happening here is a form of gim­ Reporters: Eileen Shanahan, of the New SHANAHAN. Well, the Administration justi­ mickry-speeding up depreciation wrtte­ York Times' Washington bureau and Frank fies the depreciation speed-up on the grounds offs, increased business costs-as reported on Swoboda., labor correspondent for Business that it would help stimulate business­ the books. Week magazine. purchases o! equipment--and that this It could become--and may well become-­ Moderator: Frank Harden. would help bring us out of what they are an inflationary pressure on price levels, be­ MUTUAL ANNOUNCER. The following time not yet calling a recession, but most econ­ cause the reported costs of business will in­ is presented as a public service by this sta­ omists are, by now, I think. What's the crease and therefore the mark-ups will be tion and the Mutual Broadcasting System. alternative? Isn't it a good idea to stimulate higher. 1328 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 SHANAHAN. You're saying tha.t this thing Service or the Treasury Department has the in order to stimulate business, in order to makes profits look smaller, even though that discretionary authority, on its own, to elimi­ stimulate employment, in order to stimulate ·actually isn't the case? nate the so-called reserve ratio test. production. GOLDFINGER. That's right, Miss Shana.han. SHANAHAN. That's the one tha.t said you I'm not sure what President Nixon's By increasing reported costs of doing busi­ actually have to replace your machinery ·at budget will amount to. For example, one of ness, this form Of tax gimmickry--speeding something like rthe rate tha.t you're claim­ the factors in President Nixon's budget will up depreciation write-offs--reduces the re­ ing for tax purposes? be this giveaway to business. Something like ported profits of business. In fact, I wouldn't GOLDFINGER. Yes, yes, Miss Sha.na.han, I $2,700,000 less tax receipts from corporate be a bit surprised if a year or two from now, think there 1s a 1rea.l Issue here as to whether business is involved in that budget. we hear cries from individual companies, the the Treasury has the discTetionary authority I think it would be much wiser and U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National to e11minate the whole basis for depreciation. sounder, in terms of economic and social Association of Manufacturers, about a If you drop the reserve ratio test, there is policy, to spend that kind of money on "profit-squeeze," about low profits. But the no longer any rational basis for deprecia­ needed public improvements which Amer­ probable cries of poverty from those sources, tion. Once you drop that concept-the re­ ican society needs. With the state of our under these circumstances, will be entirely­ serve ratio test, under which business is re­ cities, the state of our hospit als and schools or largely-a fraud-the result of deprecia­ placing machinery at the rate they are writ­ and the lack of adequate urban mass transit tion write-off gimmickry fostered by the Ad­ ing it off~nce you drop that, you're say­ in this country, many positive things could ministration. ing that the Treasury Department deter­ be done with that more than $2.5 billion SwoBODA. Do you see it providing any 1m­ mines, at its whim or on its quirks, what which could stimulate the economy. mediate stimulus to capital spending? the depreciation is. SwoBODA. Mr. Goldfinger, this isn't the only GoLDFINGER. With unemployment at six Now, this goes beyond merely the techni­ change in Nixon's economic policies. Now percent of the labor force, and with industry cal term of depreciation. It also means that that he's getting toward 1972, he's gotten operating at 76 percent of capacity, I see the U.S. Treasury Department determines into the area "jawboning." Where do you see practically no impact on the economy, at this what profits are. him going now? point. I think it is a fantastic move for the fed­ GoLDFINGER. I have no idea on that, Mr. In fact, your own magazine, Mr. Swoboda, eral government to drop the reserve ratio Swoboda. I mean, we hear all kinds of talk Business Week, in the issue of January 16th, test, in addition to the depreciation speed­ from the White House and various areas of stated, quote "There is also scant evidence up. the Administration. that liberalizing depreciation at this time SWOBODA. Mr. Goldfinger, one thing the But, I see no evidence, thus far, of a clear­ will induce many companies to change in­ Treasury Department did do was go to Chair­ cut policy, in terms of the kind of expan­ vestment plans." man Wilbur Mills (D-Ark.) of the House sion that the President spoke of a few weeks I think this is reasonable. Ways and Means Cpmmittee, and get his ap­ ago, when he was interviewed by several tele­ Businessmen don't invest money just for proval of this 20 percent figure. Doesn't that, vision newscasters. the sake of investing money; they're not in effect, negate a lot of congressional op­ I fail to see any evidence, thus far, of the going to buy machines merely for the sake position? expansionary policies that the President was of buying machines. GoLDFINGER. I don't know what Chairman talking about then. You have to recall that Businessmen invest money in new ma­ Mills told the Treasury Department, Mr. not only has the Administration come up chinery and new equipment in the hope Swoboda, but I believe there is considerable with a tax bonanza of $2.7 billion, in the that they will be able to use the machinery opposition among Members of Congress-in first year, to corporate business, but this and equipment to produce goods and sell both the House of Representatives and the comes only weeks after the President vetoed them at a profit. Senate--to wha.t the Treasury Department a bill passed by both houses of Congress to It all gets back to the sagging economy­ has done here. create jobs for the long-term unemployed not enough sales--not enough customers. Just look at this-they are handling out and seriously underemployed; this comes only The sound way, in our judgment, to stimu­ this tax bonanza to corporate business at a weeks after the President vetoed appropria­ late the economy is not through this old time of a large and growing budget deficit tions for housing and urban development; "trickle-down" theory of the 1890's, but resulting from the recession, and from low it comes only weeks after he vetoed funds for through increased publlc investment in the production, low sales, high unemployment education. kinds of things American society needs­ and inadequate income, therefore producing Now, I don't understand, logically, what hospital construction, school construction, low revenue receipts for the federal govern­ the President means, when he speaks of "ex­ rebuilding the cities, stepping up an of these ment. pansion,'' because, when you add these things kinds of activities, which would help Ameri­ Well, lt seems to me that there are an up, they are inherently contradictory. On can society create jobs, create customers. This awful lot of things that could be done first the one hand, there is a tax bonanza for bus­ not only creates jobs on the site-on-site and foremost, rather than hand out a seven iness; on the other, he speaks of "expan­ construction~but also creates jobs and in­ percent tax cut to business. At this time, sion." Yet, he vetoes expansionary legislation. creases investment in such things as cement what we need is a stimulus to the economy The Manpower Bill, for example, would companies, steel companies, and all the other to increase sales production and employ­ have created several hundred thousand jobs-­ things that are used in publlc investment. ment. badly-needed jobs in public service-type em­ This is the way to stimulate the economy on SHANAHAN. I wonder if we could maybe ployment-for the long-term unemployed a sound basis, as I see it-not the old get over into tha.t general economic area a and the seriously underemployed. "trickle-down" theory and tax g1mm.lckry. little bit ... SHANAHAN. Interest rates are suddenly SHANAHAN. Mr. Goldfinger, a couple of GOLDFINGER. Sure. coming down very fast. Is that going to help young lawyers who work for Ralph Nader SHANAHAN. I gather that rather than give the economy expand? have filed suit against this liberalization of business this $2 to $4 Y2 billion in tax reduc­ GoLDFINGER. Well, it will help housing a depreciation on the grounds that the Treas­ tion, you would spend the money on impor­ bit, Miss Shanahan, and it has already helped ury didn't go through the proper procedures tant public services in the budget. housing a bit. of public hearings and so forth, and couldn't GOLDFINGER. Oh, most certainly, Miss But, the decline in interest rates--as you do it under existing law. I know it's really Shane.han. Those are the things that are know from your expertise in watching the a question for a lawyer, but, do you think needed. economy, Miss Shanahan-the interest rate that's a serious charge? Do they have any SHANAHAN. I wonder what your thoughts decline is not because the Administration is chance of overturning this? are about the Nixon budget policy, already driving interest rates down. GOLDFINGER. Well, I don't know tha.t they announced, which is that we should run a Interest rates are falling because of inade­ quate business loans and inadequate busi­ have a chance of overturning it, Miss Shana­ budget deficit somewhere in the neighbor­ ness. han. I'm not a lawyer, and these are very hood of probably $15 billion-wha.t they caJl There is just inadequate demand. technica.l issues. a "full-employment budget," basing expend­ But, one thing is clear; the Treasury did itures on how much revenue you would pull back from the immediate announce­ collect if we had only four percent unem­ ment, and they are now proceeding on the ployment, instead CY! six. Do you agree with HIGHER EDUCATION ~ERENTLY basic of providing special hearings on this that basic concept? And, do you think that's "CONSERVATIVE INSTITUTION'' isSue, under the Administrative Procedures a good-sized deficit? Act. GoLDFINGER. Well, I'm not sure of the ex­ SHANAHAN. As I understand it, that's just act numbers, and won't be, until we look at HON. JAMES G. O'HARA on som.e of the details, like whether it's the details of President Nixon's budget, OF Ml:CHIGAN going to apply to ut111ties and so on, not on which, at this point in tlm.e---a..s we are talk­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES the ba.sic isSue, which is 20 percent faster ing now-is not yet out. We haven't had a Monday, February 1, 1971 depreciation. chance to look at it. GOLDFINGER. Well, I think that there 1s a I say that we need a large increase in fed­ Mr. O'HARA. Mr. Speaker, few pro­ question as to whether the Internal Revenue eral, public investment outlays. We need it fessions today are more challenging than February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1329 that of chief administrator of an insti­ He went on to explain that presently the consultant to Iowa Western Community Col­ tution of higher education. Of the posi­ school is attracting more residents over 30 lege in Councll Bluffs and Area II Commu­ tions they fill, perhaps none requires years of age. n ity College in Des Moines. Statistical figures recently released show Dimitry, 41, has been with the community greater skill and flexibility than the pres­ that 52 per cent of the students are now en­ college since October 1962 when he was em­ idency of community colleges. In addi­ rolled in technical and vocational education. ployed as a part-time research associate. tion to harmonizing the interests of stu­ "Our vocational program is the most com­ Since then he has served as administrative dent bodies with those of local communi­ prehensive in the state and perhaps in the assistant, assistant to the president, director ties, they must insure that their colleges nation," Dimitry said. of the division of research and development, serve post-high school students of all The college, according to Dimitry, must and director of the Center Campus. ages in a broad range of circumstances-­ help individuals help themselves in every As research director he was instrumental sector of life. "We should provide a janitor as in designing the "House concept" for the persons wishing to enhance occupational well as an engineer with the same degree of Center Campus, which adopted Oxford Uni­ skills, degree holders updating their instruction so that they both perform accu­ versity's system of small colleges in a larger knowledge, people exploring new avoca­ rately," the president said. complex of the community college. tions. It is gratifying that this Nation When asked about campus unrest and dis­ Before coming to MDCC he taught at has young men with the qualities of fore­ orders Dimitry said: Highland Park Junior College and Wayne sight and courage that these jobs de­ "Too much is expected today of higher State University. He was employed as a rec­ mand. education, because some people see it as the reation leader for Boys Clubs of Detroit and agent of social change. North Congregational Church of Woodward. The Macomb County Community Col­ "Higher education should be an institu­ He is currently act ive on a state and local lege in Michigan has the very good for­ tion that transmits the culture. When you level in the Kiwanis Olub, is a member of tune to be led by just such a man. Dr. transmit the culture you perform a con­ the Detroit Camp Fire Girls Board of Direc­ John R. Dimitry has been its president servative function, you add new things, ap­ tors, a Sunday school teacher at Drayton for the past 3 years. The MCCC is already ply power of analysis and carry it to the new Avenue Presbyterian Church, and a member one of the largest community colleges in generation." of the Oakland County Democratic Organiza­ What has happened, Dimitry explained, is tion. the country. Its enrollment is expected that some of the young generation want a to more than double to 40,000 students drastic change and they like an inherently in the next 10 years. Under Dr. Dimitry conservative institution to change drasti­ REPRESENTATIVE MOORHEAD SA­ the college is serving truly as a college cally. LUTES FLAG POEMS SENT BY for the community. The youthful presi­ "Social activists want to change the world FOURTH GRADE CLASS dent thinks the school's vocational pro­ around," Dimitry said, "higher education is gram, already the most comprehensive not equipped to and should not do that. in the State, should provide the same de­ "In effect, some try to turn us into political HON. WILLIAM S. MOORHEAD and social action groups and we should resist OF PENNSYLVANIA gree of instruction for persons in non­ it." professional occupations as it does for In as much as Dimitry believes that aca­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES degree candidates. demic freedom can be destroyed by the fanat­ Monday, February 1, 1971 A personal profile of this outstanding icism of the left, as well as the right, he feels college administrator appeared recently that students should have an advisory voice Mr. MOORHEAD. Mr. Speaker, once in the Macomb Daily. I commend it for in the decision-making process of running again, a fourth grade class, taught by reading to my colleagues: the school. Miss Roberta Feldman of the John Min­ "Pollcy-making should be the responsibll1ty adeo School in Pittsburgh, has sent me HIGHER EDUCATION INHERENTLY "CONSERVA­ of elected officials," Dimitry said. "Students, a booklet of poems which they wrote in TIVE INSTITUTION" through the student senate and a vr.riety of honor of our flag. (By Christos N. Kassaris) committees, should have only an advisory I marvel at the insight and ability that WARREN .-During a period when a college role." these youngsters evidence in their verse. president's job is most difficult to perform, In explaining why the students should only I wonder how well some of their elders and several presidents have resigned from have an advisory role in the running of the "presidential fatigue," John R. Dimitry, pres­ school Dimitry said: could perform if called upon to do the ident of Macomb County Community Col­ "Because they don't own the institution, same chore. lege, faces the future with a fresh outlook. but the people of Macomb Oounty do." Their total product, as explained in a Dr. Dimitry, who took command of the The college newspaper called the "Last Is­ letter from Master Bobby Gorby, is dedi­ school three years ago, has created one of sue" fascinates Dimitry and the views in it cated to "world peace," a very commend­ the most stable campuses in Michigan. interest him, despite the fact that they are able objective. MCCC, one of the largest community col­ critical of him most of the time. When I introduced a similar book of leges in the nation, presently has two cam­ The only thing that troubles the president poems last session, my office received puses and approximately 18,000 enrolled stu­ about the paper is that the people who run comments from all over the country, at­ dents. Plans call for the building of a third it "are not representative of the student campus Within the next two years and a body. testing to popularity and worth of the 40,000 student enrollment is expected by "It presents a distorted view of student childrens' effort. 1980. opinion," Dimitry said. "Distortion is never I would like to introduce these poems When Dr. Dimitry was appointed acting worthwhile and I personally believe in di­ into the CONGRESSIONAL RECORD for the president of MCCC in December, 1967, after versity." I do not believe in a minority dis­ information and pleasure of my col­ the resignation of Robert E. Turner, he was torting the views of the majority. leagues. named the only "logical man to be given "There is room for all to be heard, but no I am sure you will enjoy reading them the post." one's view should ever drown out other as much as I did: The board of trustees did not ask for appll­ views," he added. PrrrsBURGH, PA., cations from any other candidate for the Educated in Detroit public schools Dimitry Janua:ry 12, 1971. position when they considered naming a attended Spring Hill College and received his DEAR MR. MooRHEAD: In our reader Ven­ permanent president. B.S. degree from Wayne State University in tures, a unit on "Bold Beginnings" introduces The board justified its action of naming 1952 and his master of education degree there the fourth grade student to the "American Dimitry for the post by stating that he had in 1954. Story." After reading and discussing "The worked for the college for five and a half In 1966, he completed his doctor of educa­ Rockets Red Glare" and "The Star-Spangled years and did not need a period of familiari­ tion degree at Wayne State University, spe­ Banner" we decided to write poems expressing zation with the school, which another candi­ ciallzing in community college administra­ our patriotic feelings about our fiag. date might have needed. tion. All of us did not agree on what the fiag Dr. Dimitry has, according to faculty mem­ His Kellogg Foundation Fellowship in is or what the fiag stands for, but we all bers and students, performed in an excellent Community College Administration was voiced our opinions verbally and in writing. manner as president, and has significantly awarded in 1961 and extended for a second We decided to dedicate our booklet to our contributed to the growth of MCCC. year. country, our fiag, and our desire for world Dimitry has an unusual degree of optimism In addition to his activity With the Michi­ peace which has yet to be achieved. for the future of the school. gan Education Association and American Thank you for taking the time to read "The future of MCCC is assured," Dimitry Association of University Professors, he has our booklet. said. "We have the full support of the com­ served on the Michigan Curriculum Research Sincerely, munity and we can prove it by their at­ Committee, research committee of the Michi­ BOBBY GORBY, tendance." gan Association of Junior Colleges, and as a RoBERTA FELDMAN. CXVII-84-Part 1 1330 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971

OUR FLAG Means the flag is true MY AMERICAN FLAG Also maybe the white (By Martin Roth) Our fl:ag symbolizes our country's unity, Means that there was horrible fight. strength, and growth from 1776 to 1971. My American flag is red, white and blue. How can we as Americans help but be It is always up waving before the morning reminded of the men who have fought then OUR FLAG dew; (1775) and are stlll fighting now (1970) to (By Scott Makrauer) Its nickname is "Old Glory", preserve our great country of which Our The Stars and Stripe so Always a beautiful sight, Flag is a most important symbol. Wave through the night, Old Glory never poor or in fright; we as the fourth graders of the John Like a glowing candle It represents our country, Minadeo Elementary School in Pittsburgh, Every star that America is the name, Pennsylvania feel that our flag is something Glows so bright But Old Glory is known throughout the special. Twinkles out in gay delight. world Our wish is to dedicate this poetry booklet Our flag stands for our country, For all its honor and its fame. to our country, our flag, and our desire for So nice and bright. world peace in the year 1971. THE STAR SPANGLED BANNER "Oh, thus be it ever when free men shall OUR FLAG (By Andy Powell) stand Blest with vict'ry and peace." The flag that flew over Fort McHenry all ROBERTA FELDMAN. (By Brian Feldman) night. I love my flag so very true The flag that encouraged our men to fight. OUR FLAG I love those colors red, white and blue, A man named Francis Scott Key was watch­ (By Elise Byer) I'm very proud of my flag. ing in fright, Our flag waves high in the North American The red for blood, Because he thought that the flag might get sky. The blue for ocean, captured that night. With its stripes of red, on its field of The white for snow, Until by a burst of light he saw, that the flag blue. That's what I know. was still there. It symbolizes courage to me and courage to I think I have the very best flag Waving in the air. you. That is why I shall brag. In the night our flag waved high, O'GLORY Like twinkling diamonds in the sky. OUR FLAG (By Cynthia Neft) Today and always our flag is true. O'Glory throughout the night, :With its stripes of red on field of blue. (By Richard Goldstein) Our flag means more to me, Which our soldiers' had a fight. Then at Fort McHenry, THE AMERICAN FLAG Than my most prized possession, My bike or even a tree. There was a great flash of silent. (By Karen Neller) So you can see, O'Glory our flag stlll there, Our flag, known as the Red, White and Blue, Our flag means much to me. That was great thing to hear. Stands up so proudly and so true. Our flag stands for loyalty, When our country grew, Through many a perilous fight, Our flag that waves so bright and free. Our flag still flew. While we waited anxiously through the We respect it with thoughts, night, We never drop it. We finally saw Old Glory's stars and stripes OUR FLAG O'Glory I'm glad of white. (By Andrew Margolis) For our flag is still here. The colors, white, blue and red, Our stars and stripes on our flag, IT Is MY FLAG Might symbolize blood, the sea, sky, and the May make many people proud to brag. dead. The red and white stripes, (By Amy McNelis) The flag means a lot to me, Gave men bravery to fight. It is my flag, I'm one of the proudest Americans that could Then there was a man whose name was Key. For a country so free, ever be. He wrote the Anthem at the sea. Although the British, Key saw the red, white and blue in the air. Tried to take it away, STARS AND STRIPES He saw that our flag was still there. When it waved over Fort McHenry, (By Brenda Anderson) In a colorful fight, When the twilight gleamed it's last On Our Flag there are stars and stripes. OLD GLORY The men and the women saw with triumph, Those stars and stripes are so bright. (By Edye Berman) The Americans had won, Our Flag can be seen at night, That bloody war is Old Glory was on top of Ft. McHenry That is why ours so bright. O'er the land of the free and the home of the The brave men had to fight, You could see it through the fog, brave. For all our countries rights. It was so strong that you could see They fought so we could be free, Red, white and blue showing through the MY FLAG They did this all for you and me. smog. (By Todd Siegel) The rockets red glare, the bombs bursting in MY FLAG air My flag has thirteen stripes and fifty stars. The fifty stars stand for all the states. (By Patty Lynch) The soldiers were giving a big fight, The thirteen stripes stand for the thirteen My flag means freedom But when they saw Old Glory original colonies. For all who shall stand It was a wonderful sight. Our flag stands for freedom, that everyone Be they in Alaska, Florida, New Jersey knows. All over our great land. OUR FLAG When they see it wave. My flag is bright (By Scott Holzer) Our countries freedOlll shows. With colors, blue, red and white. My flag represents our country, These colors waved all through the night Our flag so blue, I like my flag and that is true. While men fought a perilous fight. So red, white and true, Its colors of red, white and blue. As man watched in fright In the perilous fight, So horrified we lost the fight It lasted through the night. THE STARS AND STRIPES He looked very hard The ramparts were there, (By Francis Dusch) Until he saw the flag in the break of light. Watching the rockets red glare. The stars and stripes were very hard to see. The men fought throughout the night As Francis Scott Key wrote But one great man could see. In such a horrible fight A poem, our "National Anthem" on a boat. His name was Francis Scott Key. Some men did die Little did he know, The fog was too thick to see through. In graves they now lie. The flag would always be a symbol of love But he could see it better than you or me. Yet Old Glory waved forever. and Liberty. So he wrote a poem about that famous d.ay. When the flag of our country waved and OUR FLAG THE FLAG waved. (By Janet Danko) (By Ed Brinkley) Our flag is strong and true OUR FLAG Its colors are red, white and blue The flag is very bright indeed, (By Kathy Kramer) Maybe the color red To honor it we should do good deeds. Our flag known as the red white and blue Means the blood that was shed The red and white across the night, Standing there anxiously proud and beauti­ So maybe the blue Showed we won the fight. ful too. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1331 Waving so proudly clear and bright, on our side of the battlefield. Nothing can defeat it. It waved all through the night. When I see the airplanes I think of the lands, Because our flag is the strongest It stands there waving pretty and bright. I think of the frightened sons of moms, It will wave over the land of the free, All through the twilight's dawn's early light. Who were terrified at every noise, And the home of the brave. They were so fr.ightened they lost their polse. OuR FLAG When I see the flag, its blue, white and red. OUR FLAG (By Howard Elinoff) I think of the people who fought and laid (By Todd Levow) dead. Through the fight The :flag is red; The flag stood bright. OLD GLORY The :flag is white; The flag was red, blue and white The blue on the flag, On that perilous night. (By Amy O'Toole) Is so very bright; The flag st111 waves. Old Glory waved both day and night, Through the perilous fight, So very brave. All through the perilous fight. Our :flag was so right. The bombs bursting in air. Old Glory waves so true, It proudly waved; Gave a noise everywhere. With her colors of red, white and blue. Through the dark cold night.

OUR FLAG Old Glory's colors are red, white and blue And to her we should always be loyal and OUR FLAG (By Craig Frischman) true. (By Sanford Kauffman) Our flag is great Old Glory has stars, Our :flag is a symbol of the red, white and Best at any rate That stand for every state. blue. On it there are fifty states. When we see her, Everybody salutes it no matter who. Our flag is nice and bright We should feel proud and great. I'll never forget it, It stands for all our rights Old Glory is our country's flag No, not at all. Our :flag has 13 stripes That I have to brag. For it's a symbol of liberty Love and Justice. To keep our flag we had to fight. So if our country is ever in a fight, Just call on Old Glory, THE STABS AND STBIPES OUR FLAG She'll wave both day and night. (By Michael Neft) (By Susan Robbins) So remember my friend, Old Glory will never come to an end. The stars are white on a blue field. Our :flag's colors of red, white and blue are The stripes are red and white. very bright. OUR FLAG The stripes can symbolize many things. The fifty stars make it just right The stars stand for the country's fifty states. It followed Washington all through the war (By Rose Ann Pugliese) The red stripes can stand for the blood Through all this, it was never torn Our flag red, white and blue That was shed in the wars. But today, many people have no honor for Brings joy to me and to you. The red could also stand for bravery. the flag The flag waves so high, The white stripes could stand for peace. They throw it around as if it were a rag. High as the birds that fly in the sky. Or they could also stand for victory. When the flag waves, it hardly makes a The white stripes could also stand for the sound OUR FLAG Snow the soldiers fought in. The :flag isn't allowed to touch the ground (By Bonnie Smith) But still people do not care Our flag has its colors of red, white and blue. MY FLAG They flop it (By Pamela Segal) They plop it Our flag has fifty stars all dressed in blue. Until it wm tear There are many different kinds of flags. My flag 1s red, white and blue. I am proud to see my flag wave There is one for every state. It has starts on it too. It makes me feel proud and brave. I think our country's :flag is so great. It 1s so bright You can see it at night OUR FLAG OUR FLAG That is such a beautiful sight. (By Dana Harris) The red stands for blood, (By Barry Haffner) Which was shed over the mud. Our stars and stripes When our flag waves, The blue stands for the sky, Waved through the night Our people feel brave Which was up very high. Our flag is great Our flag is red, white and blue The white stands for liberty, The best of any rate We feel loyal and true. For you and for me. The colors of our flag are red, white and blue Our flag has stars and stripes Every American should be proud and true We are all lucky it waves through the night. OUB FLAG For our great flag, the red, white and blue. It stands for our country which right It stands for America and all of its might. (By Christine Broderick) OUR FLAG Our flag, the red, white, and blue, OUR FLAG Let us behold our flags stars and stripes. (By Todd Arenson) (By Gregory Knight) The red stands for the blood the men shed. Everyone loves our flag The white is for the freedom that we have. Because the colors are so bright Our flag is the greatest to me. The blue stands for the sky. Our flag means freedom Other flags look beautiful but I think our The flag is ours for ever, ever more. The colors that mean this are blue, red and flag is the best. white. I think the red stands for blood coming from OUR FLAG Oh maybe the red our men. Means blood that was shed White stands for freedom. (By Lisa Bingaman) Men have all bled Blue stands for water or our sky. Always be true to the red, white and blue. So now they are dead. Our :flag shows that brave men have died. Don't forget the stars in the field of blue They fought for our country The red stands for blood that soldiers did Now the flag stands shed The flag means freedom THE STABS AND STRIPES The white stands for the battlefield where For every man. (By George Kacsuta) soldiers lay dead. OUR FLAG The stars against the dark blue sky. The blue stands for the sky, where bombs It looks like dots across the sky. burst in air. (By Vicki Morris) The red and white stand out too. That gave proof through the night Our :flag is red, white and blue, But I like the stars against the field of blue. That our :flag was stlll there. It can be old and it can be new. The rockets through the air. The stars mean the states all fifty of them Our flag_is one of pride, But the flag was stlll standing there. white It will never never hide. The men that fought to keep our country's They too gave proof Through the day and through the night, pride. Through the night Old glory shines all through the light. Defending our :flag, the Stars and Stripes. That our country was right. So always be true to the red, white and blue, OUR FLAG OUR FLAG Its my flag and yours and our country's too. (By Bobby Gorby) (By Gil Lee) When I see the flag it's blue, white and red, Our flag 1s red, blue and white THE STARS AND STRIPES I try to think of those who are dead. It never comes down at night. (By Michael Slotsky) The Americans who traveled to make us a It will always be up and never down. There was a man by the name of Key. shield You can find it in every town. Who wrote our anthem of Uberty. 1332 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 He could hardly see the flag through the The people were so brave. appreciate BoB DoLE's leadership as we misty fight. That's why our flag still waves, do in Kansas. He heard mysterious calls all through the Over the land of the free and the "home of night. the Brave." The following editorials, one from Then the Star Bangled Banner was written. WIDW in Topeka and the other from the OuR FLAG Kansas City Kansan, say very well what OUR FLAG I am trying to point out. I commend these (By Dale Sloan) (By Ellen Silverman) editorials to the attention of my col­ Our flag is bold, Our flag waving proudly in the air, leagues and especially to the Republican With many strong colors, Members of Congress: The sky is beautiful and clear. It's waved in the fight of the Boldly, the flag stands high up stright, Revolutionary War. WIBW EDITORIAL To represent our country America so great. Today it still waves This week, Senator Robert Dole of Kansas The Children were waiting for their clue, When anyone dies, officially became the Chairman of the Re­ To stand straight and salute the red, white Or in a parade it proudly files. publican National Committee. We think and bluE. I like our flag because it's true. that's· good news for Kansas. After weeks of Its colors are red, white and blue. speculation, President NiXon made his MY FLAG choice known. Dole, 47, serving his first term (By Debbie Wedner) OuR FLAG in the Senate has made his mark. He served as President Nl.Xon•s spokesman on the Sen­ I love my flag (By Christy Cappella) ate floor during much of the last session. His It wlll always wave We love our flag, choice by the President solidifies his position It will stand for It's red, white and blue, as the Senate's White House spokesman for The land of the free and the home of the We love our flag, brave. election. Dole, a Conservative, is one of the My flag is also great It's so mighty and true. Senate's more forceful debaters. It has one star for every state. There are all kinds of flags, We believe Dole's new position is one It has waved all through the night. But I think ours is the best. Kansans should welcome. Kansas . . . com­ While men fought a battle and fight. Our flag is red, white and blue, pared to giants like New York, Callfornia., My flag is also red and white That's how our flag is dressed. Ohio and Pennsylvania ... is small in popu­ With colors very bright lation. We have 5 Congressmen compared to OUR FLAG New York's 41. In Presidential elections, the The red white and blue state has 7 electoral votes compared to 40 Will always be true. (By Fredric Weisberg) for California. There is red, white and blue, For years, Kan.sa.ns . . . and citizens of OUR FLAG It has been sewed so very new. small population states like Oklahoma, Ne­ (By William Forrest) The stars and stripes, braska, Colorado and the Dakotas ... have The flag was bright, Are full of white. fretted about the fact that their viewers On that perilous night. A perilous fight, carry little weight ... that politicians pay Every bomb that struck that night. Was fuught that night. attention to the states and areas with the Gave everybody a terrible fright. There shall be peace, big votes. The flag could wave, Throughout the land. Dole•s new role . . . while certainly a Because it was brave, Freedom, democracy and love so grand. partisan one ... puts him in touch with We won the war, the highest levels of administrative think­ So we'll fight no more. ing. With a Republican President tn the White House, this is important to Kansas. OLD GLORY TRIBUTE TO SENATOR ROBERT Dole, for example, will sit in on cabinet­ (By Becky Giffen) level discussions. He'll have the ear of the DOLE OF KANSAS President and his leading aides when he calls The red, white and blue of our country. with a problem. We are thankful for our flag. We view Senator Dole's new appointment We are thankful for the men HON. KEITH G. SEBELIUS as somewhat similar to the role of the busi­ Who fought to save our flag. OF KANSAS nessman or civic leader who agrees to spend The red, white and blue is our freedom. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES a year as Chamber of Commerce President or That we as Americans have the red, white and United Fund Chairman or as President of the blue, of our country is something to Monday, February 1, 1971 State Association of his profession. In the make us glad. case of Senator Dole, his business is politics. Mr. SEBELIUS. Mr. Speaker, for a In the American system of two major parties, MY FLAG man to have enough energy and talent it sometimes takes political weight to get (By Jlll Grinberg) to successfully hold two vitally important things done. And Senator Dole has accepted It's very true jobs is a rarity today. Yet, my State of the challenge of wearing two hats-just like OUr flag is red, white and blue. Kansas has a man who has enough en­ many able and energetic men continue to When we look at the soldiers, ergy and drive to do any job and to do run successful business enterprises and still They have bullets in their shoulders. it well. devote time to civic, church and other pub­ It's sad to see As my colleagues know, Senator BoB lic service work. The dried blood on their bodies DoLE of my home State of Kansas has He's agreed to do this work because he be­ When we look become the new chairman of the Re­ lieves in it . . . and he's taking the addi­ We see the Star Spangled Banner flying. tional job at no increase in pay. But ... his publican National Committee. That is new job can mean much to the Kan.sa.ns he certainly good news for Kansas and as It MY FLAG represents. will, indeed, make him a major Republicans of all persuasions through­ voice in Washington. Anybody who thinks (By Jimmy Bernstein) out our Nation come to know BoB DoLE, this new job will keep Bob Dole from doing Our flag is a great one. I am sure they will recognize it is cer­ his duty as a Senator from Kansas doesn't The flag shall never be touched by an enemy tain good news for the Republican know him very well. He's an 18-hour-a-day hand. worker. He seems to almost never tire. He It will always stand. Party as well. works at his job as Senator, and he'll work It will never go down. BoB DOLE's energy, drive, and ability at the job of being Republican Chairman. This is my country home of the brave. to get things done have almost become Somebody once said ... "If you want to This is my country land of the free. a legend in his origin home district, get something done, get the busiest man in I think our fiag spells out liberty. the First Congressional District of Kan­ town, and he'll get it done." That applles in sas that I am now privileged to repre­ the case of Bob Dole. MY STAR SPANGLED BANNER sent. Regardless of party, the people of Not because it's a Republican job : .. but the "Big First" know BOB DOLE gets because it means so much to Kansas, all (By Debbie Rosenthal) Kansans should applaud the new honor for When our flag waves, things done and works tirelessly for his Senator Dole. Kansas has had influential men Our people feel brave. constituents. The Republican Party, as in the Senate before-but seldom if ever has There is the red, white and blue well as the State of Kansas, are now the Kansas had a Senator with this kind of voice It's colors of our flag are true. Senator's constituency and I am sure with the party in power-and that's good for When our flag waved party members will come to know and Kansas. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1333 [From the Kansas City Kansan, Jan. 18, payers are taking a beating. Instead of Officials are at a loss to know how to pre­ 1971] providing urgent housing needs for de­ vent it. The tenants themselves, for a long time, have asked for guards, better door KANSAS SHARES IN DoLE'S SPOTLIGHT serving low-income tenants, public hous­ locks, and other security measures. But the Kansas is in the spotlight of national at­ ing has been one big headache. That fact NCHA is strapped for cash, and Ivey says tention with the election of Sen. Robert is well illustrated by what is happening guard services are among the most expensive Dole as chairman of the Republican Na­ at the Frederick Douglass Dwellings, and items one .can imagine. tional Committee. He was the personal rec­ there are others. Slums and ghettos arise Then, too, the Departments of Housing ommendation of President Nixon. from beautiful structures. and Urban Development doesn't normally Senator Dole is to be congratulated upon What is happening in the District is approve of such expenses in family units­ his selection and is deserving of its honor housing for the elderly is guarded at night­ and responsibility. He has supported the reported in other metropolitan areas. Perhaps the committee which handles although Congress last year spoke of the need President's position in Congress and fought for better security, perhaps with tenant co­ formidable opposition from the Democrat public housing legislation should under­ operation. ranks and in some cases from within his take a full scale investigation of what is Meantime, Ivy said, the authority will press own party to further Mr. Nixon's goals. happening. American taxpayers have on and seek new bids for the final phase This position could become a step to even much at stake. of work at Douglass, the brick facade and higher levels in his chosen field of political Under leave to extend my remarks, I window frames. It seems NCHA's three-year­ endeavors. His ascendency on the ladder of old, 900,000 estimate was only half of what national prominence will depend upon hiS include an article which appeared in the January 29 issue of the Evening Star: the bidders said the work would cost and degree of success in the development of the new plans were out for bids this week. Republican party on the national level­ LOW-RENT PROJECT HIT: THIEVES PLAGUE The stripped apartments will be redone. upon his ability to attract good people to HOUSING WORK No one, though, is Willing to predict when work with him to build a strong and viable (By Harvey Kabaker) the modernization at Douglass Will be fin­ party. ished. He has already taken the initial steps and The District's public housing agency was made the first appointments to develop thiS making some headway fixing up the 303 low­ team that hiS predecessor stated was going rent apartments at Frederick Douglass Dwell­ to be so necessary in the next few years to ings, 21st Street and Alabama Avenue SE. preserve the two-party system. With many of its 10,500 apartments deteri­ TIME TO RETURN POWER TO orating, and assorted financial and manage­ PEOPLE Senator Dole's record indicates that he rial woes, the National Capital Housing Au­ has the talent, drive and personal qualifica­ thority has gained the reputation-fairly or tions to meet the forthcoming challenges of not-of "the worst slumlord in the city." his new office. With his capacity for hard SO it was important-for the Douglass HON. EDWARD J. DERWINSKI work, be will be Bible to handle his senato­ residents as well as the NCHA-that visible OF ILLINOIS rial duties as well as his new political duties. progress be made in modernizing the build­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The proper teamwork can make him effective ings. The $1.5 m1llion project is the most in both areas. thorough one ever undertaken by the hous­ Monday, February 1, 1971 The state of Kansas can be pleased to have ing authority and could result in a better Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, a vet­ one of its own in this position-a position place than when Douglass was new-in 1941. of close association to the very highest levels eran and therefore knowledgeable ob­ of the federal government. SCHEDULE IS FULL server of the Washington scene is Walter Kansas is doubly fortunate to have both Agenda: New roofs, complete rewiring, all­ Trohan, Washington bureau chief emeri­ its senators-Dole and James E. Pearson­ new heating system, new plumbing, garbage tus of the Chicago Tribune. Mr. Trohan so highly regarded by their peers. Neither is disposals, refrigerators, kitchen cabinets, has the rare facility to properly analyze ranges, plaster, painting, doors, windows, tile following the other, but each is striking out the complex problems on the Washington in his own particular area of expertise. floors and brick veneer. Work around the Dole is the aggressive partisan in solid present tenants, don't force them to be re­ scene His column of Wednesday, Jan­ support of the President's program and his located. Fill the 50 vacant units when they're uary ·27, 1971, which follows, comment­ political party. finished. ing on the President's state of the Union Senator Pearson is more closely associated The job is perhaps half done. message is, in my judgment, as sound a with the group within the Republican party Last week, boards were torn off five vacant commentary as has come to my atten­ that carried the senatorial leadership role apartments, which were then systematically stripped and vandalized. NCHA officials tion: during the past Congress. He can be ex­ IT Is TIME To RETURN POWER TO PEOPLE pected to rise in that area and receive fur­ guessed it took three hours each time--two ther recognition of his efforts and ablllties. apartments one night, three the next. (By Walter Trahan) Yet both these leaders are working closely All the plumbing is gone, so are garbage WASHINGTON.-The safest political predic­ together for the nation, their state and con­ disposals, cabinets, copper tubing from the tion of our day is that President Nixon wm heating systems--everything including, liter­ not get the six goals he outlined to Congress stituents. Kansas voters can be proud of ally, the kitchen sink. their own discernment in electing them. in his state of the Union message. Yet the Monteria Ivey, Sr., NCHA acting executive most important problem of our day is the re­ director, estimated the loss in dollars at turn of power the people. around $5,000. to But the loss in time, effort and morale For 38 years power has been flowing from THE WOES OF PUBLIC HOUSING­ is priceless. the people to Washington, where it has in­ PROJECTS TURNED INTO GHET­ "It's frightening, very disheartening to toxicated generations of politicians and bu­ me, to say the least," Ivey commented. rocrats. But it must never be forgotten TOS-THIEVES OBSTRUCT DIS­ that the flow of power was directed by vote TRICT OF COLUMBIA WORK 500 UNITS HIT of the people. It was not seized here, as it D.C. police and the FBI-NCHA property is was abroad, by dictators. Concentration of federally owned-have been called in, but so power is not an American problem but a HON. 0. C. FISHER far nothing has been found. world problem, even tho the President has OF TEXAS Theft and vandalism are not unknown in asked America to tackle it first. public housing. Last month, city housing of­ Mr. Nixon called for a "peaceful revolu­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ficials announced a $1.1 mlliion program to tion" by which power would be returned to Monday, February 1, 1971 reclaim some 500 units-mostly ground-floor the state and local levels so that the people garden apartments-that were broken into might be given a chance to solve their prob­ Mr. FISHER. Mr. Speaker, reports hard on the heels of vacating tenants, and lems, something the promises of polltlcians, have multiplied of how scores of public remain easy game for break-ins. the arrogance of intellectual planners and housing projects have been turned into Not long ago a pool table was placed in a the dictates of burocrats have failed to do. slums and ghettos. These units are so northeast project. It took a half-dozen men 'Tis a consummation devoutly to be often treated as objects for destruction to move it into a basement recreation room. wished, and yet we can wonder whether the and vandalism. The decent tenants who Now it's gone. people have the w111 or the capacity to solve take pride in their quarters are plagued At a new project, the contractor recently the problems. by others who practice deterioration and made the miscalculation of equipping the The States falled to solve the Depression kitchen several weeks before tenants were and came to Washington to surrender power ruin. scheduled to move in. Despite the pressure fCir doles. The states failed to solve the race A good example of this is found here of a night watchman, several refrigerators problem and left its solution to the federal in the District of Columbia where tax- disappeared government. And now the states want the 1334 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 federal government to be their tax collector. The TFP labors for the preservation of regime of property whose basis still is the They are calling not for a return of the the basic values of Western Christian individualist concept of the right of domin­ sources of revenue but for a share in the civilization. Its concern is concentrated ion. This way we assure the widest dif­ federal collections. mainly on three related problems: Com­ fusion of property, Including the communi­ It is safe to say the six goals suggested tartan type of property", said President Frei by the President will be bogged down in munism, the widespread tendency toward at the beginning of his government. the mires of Congress. Politics, procrastina­ socialization, and the movement to de­ His basic premise was that social justice tion and personal ambition will exact their stroy strong family ties and to destroy was the distribution to all men of the goods toll. This is the year before the Presidential the morals of youth. produced by the society, and that the govern­ campaign year and many will not be able to The TFP is interested in getting in ment was the only institution able to make see clearly thru the maze of Presidential touch with patriotic people in America this distribution. lightning rods. who are :fighting as they are for the pres­ With this sort of vision of life, the CDP Already it is being charged that the pro­ ervation of Western Christian civiliza­ situated its actions on the same level with gram is nothing more than a campaign docu­ the marxist leninist parties, with which, al­ ment. It is said that Mr. Nixon has presented tion. A communication link uniting the though he was separated by the democratic an array of pious platitudes and incanta­ many anti-Communist peoples in differ­ forms which he maintained, he came to con­ tions calculated to blame the Democratic ent countries may be useful in a defense stitute an ideological community. Congress for all that is wrong in 1972. Even against the enemy's strategy of knocking This community does not make itself mani­ if the program were perfect--which it is off one country at a time. fest only in the enunciation of their pur­ not--many would be against it for political I insert at this point a TFP press re­ poses. In practice, the government of Presi­ and selfish reasons. lease: dent Frei tried to accomplish, through other Only a few years ago, Lyndon B. Johnson means, the postulates which the lefts tried to consolidate the departments of la­ THE CHILEAN ELECTIONS: A FORSAKEN struggled to accomplish. bor and commerce, but the plan was wrecked KERENSKY He tried to eliminate the causes of vio­ by labor leaders jealous of their power. It SANTIAGO, CHILE-The sunset of the gov­ lence, but the more he advanced in the di­ is certain many will not support the cur­ ernment of president Eduardo Fret of Chile rection of his objectives, the more violent rently proposed reshuffling of the Cabinet. has been marked not only by a rising leftist the lefts became. Many Will attack for various reasons, but terrorism, but also by numerous commen­ Today, on the eve of the end of his man­ mainly for votes, the program to reform sky­ taries of the south american press, in which date, the Chilean president has before him rocketing welfare. this government has been accused of having a country shaken by subversion, by terror They will resist the Nixon effort to pro­ failed in its program of social reforms. and by the shadow of civil war. mote prosperity, improve the environment President Fret is busy getting ready to leave This proves that it does not pay to com­ and advance health, but most of all they his government in the midst of an agitated promise with the lefts. will oppose any drive to strengthen state and electoral campaign, which will end on Sep­ It shows that the causes pointed out by local governments. tember sixth, when the Chilean people will the lefts as the motives for the violence were The American way has been changed choose their new president. not more than a mere pretext. It is obvious markedly of late. Now murmurs of dissatis­ Well informed circles in this capital say that the marxists are not interested only in faction are growing louder. Streets have run that the Christian Democrat candidate, Rad­ social reforms. red and skies have glowed with violence. The omivo Tomi, is the least favored of the three Today the Chilean people have three clenched fist of angry revolution is being candidates for the offlce. choices. Who will win the next elections? raised. Campuses have become incubators of The criticisms of the government of Presi­ The anti-communist right, the Castro-com­ protest and pulpits have become forums for dent Frei are being made by the liberals, munist guerrillas, or will it be a military political and sociological change, rather than the conservatives, and even by the extreme coup? havens of spiritual regeneration. left. It Is interesting to note that even some Whatever is the result, it will be the end In all this ferment many good and true of the organs which greeted with enthusiasm of a traditional democracy which was in the citizens have weltered in agonies of fear and the beginning of the socialist reforms of this past an example for the whole of Latin Amer­ frustration. They want to oppose a world government, now are sadly recognizing the ica. This democracy generated its own de­ they feel they never made. Most of all, they failure of that program. struction through permissiveness. want to be heard. There is growing talk of This is exactly the case of the ultra liberal President Frei will enter history as a Keren­ a tax strike, even tho the power establish­ newspaper "0 Estado de S. Paulo", which sky (as Fabio Vidigal Xavier da Silveira called ment has seen to it that most taxes are recently published an analysis of the present him in his best-seller "Fret, the Chilean collected before they even become due. chilean situation, written by N. Bosch, from Kerensky"). Or will he enter history as a Now the President has recognized that the which we Will quote some lines. visionary? people are dissatisfied. Let us make a. start During the last six years, Mr. Frei tried Perhaps he was just a "well-intentioned" at turning promises into performances at the to convince the world, especially Latin Amer­ man, but who was profoundly mistaken in local level. ica, that the latin american political prob­ his understanding of the lefts . . . lems were the exclusive result of the archaic social economic structures which the old oligarchies were trying to preserve. lN DEFENSE OF THE CHILEAN TFP SAo PAULO, BRAZIL.--8everal newspapers THE PRESERVATION OF WESTERN During that time, it was systematically denied the fact that foreign powers had an recently published what obviously was CHRISTIAN CIVILIZATION IS A influence in the sudden rise of such problems slanted news about the activities of the HEMISPHERIC EFFORT in the continent. Also during that time, the Chilean TFP. thesis that subversion, terror and violence The newspapers clearly insinuated tha.t were a natural revolt against a situation of the Chilean TFP was responsible for rural HON. JOHN R. RARICK exploration of the poor people was heatedly agitations in opposition to the agrarian re­ defended. form of President Eduardo Fret of Chile, and OF LOUISIANA that the TFP participated in an incident IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES "Get rid of the causes and the effects will disappear," the Christian Democrat president which caused the death of a. member of the Monday, February 1, 1971 of Chile said. federal department in charge of the execu­ tion of that reform. Mr. RARICK. Mr. Speaker, numerous By this token, he labelled the so-called Juan Gonzalo O.a.mpbell, member of the "Revolution with liberty", which came to be Council of the Chilean TFP denied the individuals and organizations in the the theme of his government. United Statse undertake to thwart the charges during a press conference in Sao He then presented a plan of radical re­ Paulo, where he came to undergo a health conspiratorial attempts of those direct­ forms, designed to eliminate the motives of treatment. ing the international Communist con­ social dissatisfaction, and in consequence, He explained to the Brazilian press the true spiracy to subjugate and control the re­ eliminate the attitudes of rebellion. methods of action of the organization which maining nations of the free world. The Although he tried to inspire himself in the he heads. counterparts of these anti-Communist German and Italian Christian Democracies, To that end, he wrote a letter to Professor groups operate in Latin American coun­ the Chilean Christian Democratic Party Plinlo Correa de Oliveira., the President of tries. One such organization is the Bra­ (CDP) elaborated on a program of govern­ the National Council of the Brazilian TFP. ment in the most pure socialist style, 1n His declarations were later condensated in zilian Society for the Defense of Tradi­ which the na.tionallzation of foreign compa­ one of Prof. Oliveira's famous weekly articles. tion, Family and Society-Sociedade nies and the agrarian reform were the main In it Campbell made clear three points: Brasileira de Defensa da Tradicao, Fami­ points. 1. The Chilean TFP has always been a law­ lia e Propriedade--known simply as TFP. The Ohilea.n Christian Democracy coin­ abiding organization both in its deeds and Its address is Rua Martim Francisco, 669, cided In many aspects with the materialistic actions, which are always performed through Sao Pal!lo (3)-S. P., Brazil. theories of Marx. "We intend to reform the public campaigns. February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1335 The TFP has always been a defender of of the Carmel (the Patroness of Chile), Then, to top it all off, these nine political the legal methods of action, and has con­ which was In the appropriated property, to a appointees, as their first official act, chose demned agitations and terrorism. The TFP is public oratory In Curacavl, the neighboring as their Chairman, Winton M. Blount, the presently engaged in a campaign in support district. Republican politician who has, in the past of free and orderly elections, and is warning Among the group which carried the image, two years, presided over the most drastic the co~try against the dangers of a possible was a number of militant members of the deterioration of the postal service since the dictatorship. Chilean Society for the Defense of Tradition, days of 1950, when Jesse Donaldson was 2. The Chilean TFP was not involved in Family and Property. running the mails. the incident which resulted in the death of The TFP members, who rode horses dur­ Once he lowered his arm after taking the the federal employee. All the TFP activities ing the parade, wore red capes and berets, new oath of office, Chairman Blount re­ in the rural areas have been known by their and carried both the Chilean and the TFP mained totally In character. With an arro­ respect to law and order. banners. gance which would have brought a blush to TFP has refused to promote violence, even Religious hymns were sang throughout the the cheek of Louts XIV, he announced that in the face of the unjust expropriation of traject. he Intended to lead the Postal Establishment the farm of its president. In Curacavi, the image wa.s set for the straight back to 1902, when the infamous 3. Any comparison between the TFP and worship of the public, and Msgr. Berrios, the "Gag Rule" was born. He said that from now the leftist extremists is malicious and with­ Dioceslan Bishop, who was present at the on postal employees will be forbidden to out any real basis. ceremony, blessed the place. communicate with their Congressman con­ The leftist extremists are groups of armed At the occasion, Mr. La.rrain spoke about cerning postal matters. If we have any com­ terrorists and criminals, who make use of the Importance of this act and asked the plaints we must direct them to the Congres­ violence, and who have, in the past, attacked Virgin to prevent Chile from falling into the sional Liaison Officer at headquarters, who several times members and militants of the communist hands. will be the "sole voice of the Postal Service TFP during its campaigns, with various types Mr. Angel Salinas, a worker in the appro­ in communicating with Congress." Since this of weapons. Such elements have already in­ priated land, also spoke at the occasion, Liaison Officer will be appointed by the man­ flicted grave wounds in various members of explaining the antagonistic feelings of the agers and will be beholden to them for his theTFP. peasants for the socialist regime which was sustenance, it is not very likely that he will contrary to the interests of the rural popu­ transmit to the Congress any complaints "To compare their methods with the activi­ lation, and destructor of the Christian C1vil1- against his employers, or any information ties of the TFP 1s to confuse the spirits and zat1on. that will make his employers seem to be less gravely damage a Society which bravely but Mr. Lorratn is the President of the Chilean than geniuses. peacefully struggles to save Chile from a red Society for the Defense of Tradition, Family The P.O. Department spokesmen have been regime", concluded Mr. Campbell. and Property, an organization which for many mouthing pious platitudes about taking the years has led the struggle against communi­ Post Office out of politics ever since the pres­ UNJUST APPROPRIATION PROVOKES A POPULAR zation of Chile, which 1s the number one ent administration came to power. They de­ REACTION IN CHILE objective of the Christian Democratic Party. ceived a lot of people into thinking they were SANTIAGO, CHILE, July.-The administra­ One of the most Important steps to achieve serious. So now we find these nine politically tion of President Fret of Chile appropriated this communization is the implementation appointed Governors appointing as Chair­ a farm which was a property of Mr. Patricio of a socialist agrarian reform. Such reform man the Republican politician who, by all Larrain Bustamante, according to reports always received from the Chilean TFP the accounts, is itching to run for the Senate which reached this city. loudest critics, which have never been re­ next year in Alabama. (However, we cannot The unjust appropriation proved once and futed by Fret's regime. see how Mr. Blount can make any political for all that the agrarian reform of President Therefore, one can understand the efforts hay out of his record of having been party Frel and of the Chilean Christian Democracy of the leaders of the Christian Demorcatlc to further deterioration of the postal service does not have in mind the social welfare of Party to punish the president of such organi­ and of having helped mightily to precipitate the workers nor the economic development of zation. This characterizes the political ob­ the first postal strike in our history.) the country. jectives of the reform, which is one of hatred, Certainly, both parties have been playing The agrarian reform has been implemented and which will always be used against the this game for generations, jumping up a with the political objective of persecuting enemies of the Christian Democracy. likely political candidate and giving him a the adversaries of the socialist policies of job which will keep him before the electorate the Christian Democratic Party. untn it ts time to get out on the hustings. Therefore, in addition to instituting an This has been Standard Political Procedure. agrarian reform which has for its basis the PRESIDENT OF POSTAL UNION But never before has the stratagem been complete suppression of the right of owning WRITES AN EDITORIAL carried off with such blatant hypocrisy. Never a property, the Chilean Government did not before has it been conducted to the accom­ hesitate in breaking the very same laws paniment of solemn organ music, and pietis­ which it established to persecute the adver­ HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI tic hymn-chanting, and such fervent cries of saries of the regime. "holier-than-thou." The performance has OF NEW YORK The appropriation of the property of Mr. been nauseating. IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES The new Chairman of the Board celebrated Larrain was violent, unjust and arbitrary, his appointment with a press release listing even taking into account the present law of Monday, February 1, 1971 confiscation of the chilean agrarian reform. 31 major "achievements" carried out during Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, the presi­ his two years as the final Postmaster General The act shocked so many people that, as of our history. The release should be set to soon as the news about it became known, Mr. dent of the National Association of Let­ music. It covers almost everything conceiv­ Larrain began receiving numerous mani­ ter Carriers, Mr. James H. Rademacher, able--economy, pornography, structural plan­ festations of solidarity as well as demonstra­ has made some interesting editorial com­ ning and so on, except service. Not one of tions of repugn for the injustice which he ments in the February 1970 edition of the 31 socalled achievements has anything had just suffered. the Postal Record, monthly publication whatsoever to do with the principal mission These manifestations and demonstrations of his union. Following is the text of his of the Post Office--the moving of mall swiftly came from legislators, owners of property, editorial: and surely from sender to recipient. leaders of associations, the people of the re­ As for the ridiculous decree forbidding gion, residents of the area, peasants and Two WRONGS Do NOT MAKE THIS RIGHT postal employees to communicate with their workers. (By James H. Rademacher) Congressmen, the National Association of This support was made more evident Suddenly it becomes apparent that all the Letter Carriers intends to ignore it. We pro­ through a declaration with some 900 signa­ advocates of a Postal Corporation were only pose to continue operating in the same hon­ tures of workers, farmers, and others who de­ kidding when they were talking about true orable, straightforward way we have always plored the situation. This declaration also postal reform. They apparently have sold operated. We believe in the Lloyd-LaFollette stated the reasons why they were against the the American people a pup, and a mighty Act, not in arbitrary decrees of a politically agrarian reform, the communism and the mangy pup it is. inspired Chairman of the Board. We believe class struggle. We started to become disenchanted with the decree is unconstitutional in that it Mr. Larrain also received the support of the practical aspects of the quasi-corpora­ would deprive postal employees of the right leaders of the "National Party" (the opposi­ tion idea when the President appointed nine of free speech and the right of petition. If tion party), in which Deputy Gustavo totally management-oriented persons, none Chairman Blount chooses to contest this Monckeberg made statements to the press of whom had ever been inside a post office point in court with us, we would be delighted condemning the appropriation. except to mall a package, to serve as the to accommodate him. The high point of the demonstrations was Governors of the new Postal Service. Our And as for the new Postal Service, we have a peasants parade as a sign of unsupport to sense of uneasiness grew when the Governors, not quite given up on it yet, but, unless the government action. In the parade, about rather sneaktly, were sworn in on an interim attitudes and personnel are drastically al­ 500 persons carried the image of Our Lady basis, before Congress could convene. tered in the near future, we predict that 1336 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 Congress will vote itself back into authority which look after their needs, may be expected The creation of a mild liberal or socialist within two years. Maybe it will take less to voice bitter opposition to so sweeping a regime in some period of convulsion is the time than that. reorganization. Farm groups, labor and busi­ first milestone. But no sooner has this been ness all may be reluctant to see departments created than it is to be overthrown. Woes familiar with their concerns merged with and scarcity resulting from confusion must other areas of responsibility. be exploited. Collisions, if possible attended REPORT TO NINTH DISTRICT CON­ It has been this kind of opposition which with bloodshed, are to be arranged between STITUENTS-FEBRUARY 1, 1971 has scuttled earlier plans of reorganization. the agents of the new government and the President Johnson's proposal to merge the working people. Martyrs are to be manufac­ Labor and Commerce Departments fell tured. An apologetic attitude in the rulers through largely because of the opposition of should be turned to profit. Pacific propa­ HON. LEE H. HAMILTON organized labor. The concept of a natural re­ ganda may be made the mask of hatreds OF INDIANA sources department also has been discussed never before manifested among men. No IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES for several years, but never acted upon be­ faith need be, indeed may be, kept with non­ cause of the opposition of Congressional com­ communists. Every act of goodwill, of toler­ Monday, February 1, 1971 mittees, trade associations, citizens' groups ance, of conciliation on the part of govern­ Mr. ·HAMILTON. Mr. Speaker, under and state governments. ments or statesmen is to be utilized for their the leave to extend my remarks in the The President has painted his proposal in ruin. broad strokes, indicating he would spell out Then when the time is ripe and the mo­ RECORD, I include the following: in greater detail the specifics in the next few ment opportune, every form of lethal vio­ CoMMENTARY ON THE PRESIDENT'S PLANS FOR weeks. His proposals are, on the whole, bold lence from mob revolt to private assassina­ REORGANIZATION and imaginative and deserve a careful hear­ tion must be used without stint or compunc­ The President struck a responsive chord in ing by the Congress. tion. The citadel will be stormed under the his State of the Union Message when he as­ An automatic rejection of the President's banners of liberty and democracy; and once serted that most Americans ... "are simply proposals by the Congress, at a time when the apparatus of power is in the hands of the fed up with government at all levels." My many have doubts about the responsiveness brotherhood, all opposition, all contrary conversations and correspondence with Ninth and efficiency of government would be un­ opinions must be extinguished by death. District residents have pointed up increasing wise. The government needs to spend all the Democracy is but a tool to be used and impatience with government which is not time and effort it can muster to the task o:t afterward broken; liberty but a sentimental responsive to the individual, promises too improving its structure. folly unworthy of the logician. The absolute much, and delivers too little. The taxpayer wants his government to rule of a self-chosen priesthood according With this kind of an introduction, the work better. He believes that it can, and he to the dogmas it has learned by rote is to President then proposed a broad and am­ is likely to think that a little "shaping up" be imposed upon mankind, without mitiga­ bitious reorganization of Federal departments might just improve things considerably. tions, forever. to end what he called "hopeless confusion of All this, set out in prosy textbooks, writ­ form and !unction." He proposed making ten also in blood in the history of several eight Cabinet departments out of the present powerful nations, is the communist's faith 12. The Departments of State, Treasury, De­ COMMUNISM AND REVOLUTION IN and purpose. To be forewarned should be to fense and Justice would remain, while the THE UNITED STATES be forearmed I following new departments would be created: 1. A department of human resources, which would take over the function of the Depart­ HON. LOUIS C. WYMAN ment of Health, Education and Welfare RAILPAX AND THE FUTURE (HEW), and some of the programs now ad­ OF NEW HAMPSHIRE ministered by the Labor and Agriculture De­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES partments. Its primary responsibility would be in dealing with people as individuals and Monday, February 1, 1971 HON. EDWARD J. i>ERWINSKI as members of a family. Mr. WYMAN. Mr. Speaker, at a time OF U.LINOIS 2. A department of community develop­ when too many Americans tend to forget IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ment, which would take in the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), basic truths about communism-or do Monday, February 1, 1971 and the Community Action Program, which not want to remember or admit-the Mr. DERWINSKI. Mr. Speaker, Chi­ is now administered by the Office of Economic voice of Winston Churchill comes to us Opportunity (CEO). This department also loud and clear. Written 41 years ago, cago is the rail center of our Nation and would deal with rural communities. Reader's Digest's current condensation thus has an obvious interest in the issue 3. A department of natural resources, of Sir Winston's message from his book of the proposed Railpax operation. It is which would absorb the Interior Department "Great Contemporaries," is a reminder essential that we scrutinize the Railpax as well as some functions of the Agriculture plans thoroughly and permit its estab­ and Commerce Departments which now deal that Americans must not, should not, lishment as a practical plan. This point with the control and conservation of our nat­ and cannot afford to overlook or push is well made in an editorial carried over ural resources. aside these truths as Congress and the WBBM radio Chicago on January 19, 4. A department of economic development, executive branch fashion foreign and which follows: which would take in functions of the Agri­ domestic policy in the 1970's. culture, Commerce, Labor and Transporta­ As Churchill says, ''To be forewarned RAILPAX AND THE FUTURE tion Departments, as well as such independ­ is For years, railroads have been having a ent agencies as the Small Business Adminis­ to be forearmed." Let us not forget: rough time of things. Transportation ex­ tration and the Tariff Commission. Its pri­ WINSTON CHURCHU.L ON REVOLUTION perts say that they expect some improve­ mary function, obviously, would be the main­ (By Winston S. Churchill) ment this year, based on a possible increase tenance of a healthy national economy. in business conditions. And it is further The reaction of the Congress to the Presi­ CONDENSED FROM "GREAT CONTEMPORARIES" supported by the government backed Na­ dent's proposals has been cautious. Several Communism is not only a creed. It is a tional Railroad Passenger Service Corpora­ of the leaders of the Democratically-con­ plan of campaign. A communist is not only tion-commonly called Railpax. trolled Congress have charged the President the holder of certain opinions; he is the Starting next May, Railpax is supposed to with "political grandstanding" in attempting pledged adept of a well-thought-out means provide better and reasonably priced trans­ to present his Administration as an agent of of enforcing them. The anatomy of discon­ portation over intermediate distances. But it reform and innovation. Most, however, have tent and revolution has been studied in every would be wrong to say that everything is taken a "wait and see" stance. phase and aspect, and a veritable dr1ll book going to be better. This is going to be a very Reforms of the magnitude outlined by the prepared for subverting all existing institu­ lean operation With only about 200 runs President would touch many levels of govern­ tions. The method of enforcement is as much throughout the country. Many areas can ment, not the least of which is Congress it­ a part of the communist faith as the doctrine make a good argument for adding train runs. self. congressional committees are organized itself. To expand Railpax, the public is going to to oversee the present departments. Elimi­ At first the time-honored principles of have to show acceptance of rail travel be­ nating some of these departments would also liberalism and democracy are invoked to tween cities on the proposed runs and the mea.n the elimination of some Congressional shelter the infant organism. Free speech, the railroads will have to invest more of their committees, whose members have built up right of public meeting, every form of lawful revenues in the program. enormous power and control. political agitation and constitutional right Railpax has yet to prove itself. But if it Special interest groups, which have estab­ are paraded and asserted. Alliance is sought does, it may help to improve our entire lished lines o! communication with the De­ with every popular movement toward the transportation industry. Actually, Railpax partments and Congressional committees left. will mean a reduction in some services at February 1, 1971 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS 1337 the start. But if the Department of Trans­ tributions to improve our Nation and opposition of my committee leadership to portation planners are right, they will have our society. revenue sharing is philosophical in that cut out money losing runs in favor of those they don't believe the taxing and spending with a good potential for growth. We cer­ functions should be separated, although they tainly hope that this proves to be the case. are already separated to a substantial de­ gree, even here in the Congress, where we REPRESENTATIVE BARBER B. CON­ have a Ways and Means Committee to raise ABLE SAYS REVENUE SHARING the money and an Appropriations Commit­ INEVITABLE tee to spend it ... MAN OF THE YEAR-JACK PELLERIN Q. I am interested in the practicalities. Have you counted noses on the Ways & HON. THADDEUS J. DULSKI Means Committee and do you have a rough HON. GLENN M. ANDERSON OF NEW YORK estimate as to how many of your committee OF CALIFORNIA IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES would approve some form of revenue shar­ IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES ing? Monday, February 1, 1971 A. I think it would be very diffi:cult to tell Monday, February 1, 1971 at this point. It is clear we are going to have Mr. ANDERSON of California. Mr. Mr. DULSKI. Mr. Speaker, there is hearings on revenue sharing. Despite their Speaker, today I wish to recognize and much discussion these days on Federal opposition, both Mr. Mills and Mr. Byrnes pay tribute to a man in my congressional revenue sharing with the States and have said that we will have hearings on this local communities. issue. district who has rendered many years of My distinguished upstate New York They say the result of the hearings will service to his community-Lawndale, colleague, Mr. CoNABLE, who is a member be to kill the idea once and for all. I doubt Calif. of the Ways and Means Committee, has it.... On January 29, the Lawndale Coordi­ Q. Have you worked out with the White nating Council recognized the achieve­ given his views in a verbatim interview House who would undertake the leadership in with Lucian C. Warren, the able Wash­ supporting revenue sharing among the Re­ ments of Jack Pellerin by awarding him ington bureau chief for the Buffalo, N.Y., the Man of the Year Award. publicans, inasmuch as Mr. Byrnes is op­ An active leader in the Red Cross, Jack Evening News and a former president of posed? Who on your side would take the the National Press Club. responsibil1ty? Would you be the one? Pellerin was chairman of the Lawndale­ Since Mr. CoNABLE considers revenue­ A. I have told the White House I will help Hawthorne Red Cross Executive Board, sharing to be inevitable, I believe his in every way I can. But I suspect the nominal chairman of the Southwest District rationale may be of interest to all Mem­ leader will be the senior Republican in favor Board of the American Red Cross, and is of revenue-sharing, and he probably is Rep. a member of the gallons club of the bers and I include the January 30 inter­ Jackson Betts of Ohio. Red Cross. view as follows: He has not committed hiinself fully and In addition to his duties as branch WNY's MAN ON WAYS AND MEANS SAYS REVE­ said he would sponsor the bill for study manager of the Security Pacific National NUE SHARING IS INEVITABLE purposes only. I think his attitude is more (By Lucian C. Warren) typical of the Ways & Means Committee Bank in Lawndale, Mr. Pellerin has than my attitude, which is one of outright found time to work with our youth. He is (NoTE.-Enactment of some form of rev­ advocacy of the bill. enue-sharing is "inevitable," despite the op­ a cofounder of the Lawndale Youth HELP MUCH AS HE CAN Council and, today, he is chairman of the posi•tlon of top men on the House Ways & Means Committee. This is the view of GOP Q. But if he doesn't grab the ball, you'll advisory board. In showing his desire to Rep. Barber B. Conable, Jr., of Alexander, be there to help as much as you can. help youth, he was one of the organizers who in the following interview tells why he A. Yes. But I'd have to say that while I of the South Bay "25" Club to help chil­ favors it and how it will work. In addition will do what I can to advance an idea I be­ dren at Christmastime. Mr. Pellerin to belonging to Ways & Means, Rep. Conable lieve in I don't have any illusions about served as director of the South Bay "25" is also on the Congressional Joint Economic my ability within the committee to meet on Club for 2 years. He also played Santa Committee and was recently named to the equal terrns the leaders of the committee Claus, seeing more than 5,900 children as House Republican leadership as chairman of in both parties.... Santa this year. In 1959, Jack Pellerin its House Republican Research Committee.) I think the hope we have for advancing WASHINGTON.-Q. Congressman Oonable, this idea legislatively has got to be based was the chairman of the Youth Day you have made a statement on revenue shar­ in the creation of a climate of support in Parade. ing in which you seem to embrace the con­ the Congress itself.... This year's recipient of the Man of the cept and say that Congress will have to act Q. So you're optimistic? Year Award is a past member of the on it. A. I'm optimistic in the sense that I think board of directors of the Centinella Val­ I wonder on what you base your optimism revenue-sharing is inevitable. I don't mean ley YMCA. He has driven a truck in the considering the fact that the chairman of that I think it's going to be easy and that your committee, Rep. Wilbur Mills (D., Ark.), Mr. Mills and Mr. Byrnes aa-e going to change cleanup campaign for the last 2 years. and the ranking Republican on the commit­ their minds overnight or that they are neces­ Mr. Pellerin played in the 1970 golf tour­ tee, John W. Byrnes of Wisconsin, are both sarily going to accept in detail the Presi­ nament for the Children's Hospital ben­ against it. dent's recommendations. efit. He was the coach of the Rotary Club A. I think revenue sharing is inevitable, I don't think Congress should accept the baseball team for 2 years, and also is a an idea whose time is come. If this is so, President's recommendations in detail on member of the Alondra Golf Men's Club. even the opposition of the powerful leaders anything without considering it carefully Mr. Pellerin has served on the board of my committee will not be able to stop it, and without studying alternatives. of Rotary in Lawndale for 1 year. He was but will only be able to change its form. OPEN MIND ON DETAILS I think the idea is one whose time has international service director and, also, come because of the inevitable increases in I'm not for a rubber stamp Congress and bulletin editor for his club and won first local and state government costs, as long as I myself have an open mind as to the details place in District 528 for bulletin pub­ they continue to participate in significant of the proposal. I think the President has lishers at the district conference. problem solving on those levels. made an ingenious proposal here and we Mr. Pellerin, married and the father The cost of federal government is not should consider it very seriously and in a of three children, attends the Maria going up as fast as is the cost of local and positive frame of mind because of the in­ state government. To finance problem-solv­ evitability of the idea. Regina Catholic Church. He has served Q. Do you think revenue-sharing will pass as secretary, first vice president, and ing on the state and local government levels we have for the most part used taxes that Congress this year in some form? president of the Lawndale Chamber of are regressive when compared to the federal A. I don't know. I think that it should and Commerce. This year, he is serving as income tax. I'm going to work for it myself. I think the treasurer of the Lawndale March of chances of its passing are considerably better Dimes. REALLOCATION OF TAX RESOURCES than you might feel in the light of the state­ Mr. Speaker, Jack Pellerin has served An important part of tax reform, therefore, ments made by Mr. Byrnes and Mr. Mills. has got to be reallocation of tax resources, Q. Have you got any indications as to his fellowman and his community for so that the unfair and inequitable regressive when the hearings would be held? many years. I take pleasure in congrat­ taxes, which are the backbone of taxes on the A. I think it will be in June, in all proba­ ulating the Lawndale Coordinating state and local level, can be reduced in im­ biUty. The first item of business for the 92d Council in their choice for the Man of portance. Congress, once the Ways & Means Committee the Year Award, and I commend Mr. I think real estate taxes in our area have is organized and functioning, will doubtless Jack Pellerin for his outstanding con- gone about as far as they can go. A lot of the be social security and welfare reform . . • 1338 EXTENSIONS OF REMARKS February 1, 1971 I think then we'll have problems of the A. I'd say-"don't count on it." Th1s 1s Such things as transportation money, for interest equalization tax, which will expire going to be a tough issue and it is going to example, which are to be included in the shortly, and the debt ceiling. The debt ceiling require a good deal of chewing over. special revenue-sharing funds, are much 1s obviously going to have to be reassessed Q. Mr. Mills has said that revenue-sharing more likely to go to the Northeast corridor in the light of the proposed actual deficit, won't help the places that need it the most. than anywhere else. as opposed to the full employment deficit. He said that states such as New York, Con­ Q. How about the pass-through money for EXPECTS LENGTHY HEARINGS necticut and New Jersey are the ones that local governments? I expect the revenue-sharing hearings will will get the short end of the horn. A. The communities Will share only in re­ be rather protracted. In light of the great A. I don't know why he says that. It must spect to their tax e:ffort in the pool of money presidential interest in this and in light of be that Mr. Mills does not think the Presi­ that goes to the state as a whole ... the the tremendous pressures that are generat­ dent's proposal for distributing money on high-tax communities Will get a bigger pro­ ing in state and local governments, I am the proposition of both population and tax portion of the state pool of revenue-shar­ e:ffort is likely to be enacted. ing money than they would if they didn't sure Mr. Mills and Mr. Byrnes will not want have high taxes . . . to shut o:ff the testimony in any peremptory NEW YORK'S TAX EFFORT fashion. New York usually comes out poorly on fed­ New York, of course, has the major tax eral aid formulas, because they usually are Q. The hope of the Administration was e:trort in the country. That will give New weighted to give advantage to the low per to get this legislation approved so they could York a premium quite contrary to most fed­ capita income states. start paying the states and local communi­ eral aid programs ... with respect to many This particular formula, however, 1s weight­ ties beginning in October. If you were to of the categorical grant programs, New York ed more on the basis of tax e:ffort and popula­ counsel Gov. Nelson Rockefeller, would you will also have a prelnium in the special rev­ tion than anything else. It is my impression say-"don 't expect it by October 1st"? enue-sharing aspects of the proposal. that New York would do pretty well.