First International Four Seas Conference

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Detection of Geoneutrinos: Can We Make the Gnus Work For

Detection of Geoneutrinos: Can We Make the Gnus Work for Us? John G. Learned Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Hawaii, 2505 Correa Road, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA The detection of electron anti-neutrinos from natural radioactivity in the earth has been a goal of neutrino researchers for about half a century[21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26]. It was accomplished by the KamLAND Collaboration in 2005[27], and opens the way towards studies of the Earth’s radioactive content, with very important implications for geology. New detectors are operating (KamLAND[3] and Borexino[2]), building (SNO+[4]) and being proposed (Hanohano, LENA, Earth and others) that will go beyond the initial observation and allow interesting geophysical and geochemical re- search, in a means not otherwise possible. Herein we describe the approaches being taken (large liquid scintillation instruments), the experimental and technical challenges (optical detectors, direc- tionality), and prospects for growth of this field. There is related spinoff in particle physics (neutrino oscillations and hierarchy determination), astrophysics (solar neutrinos, supernovae, exotica), and in the practical matter of remote monitoring of nuclear reactors. PACS numbers: I. INTRODUCTION: GEONEUTRINO STUDIES tivity required demands employment of expensive liquid STARTED scintillators in order to produce significant light (yielding 30-50 times that from a Cherenkov detector) and further, The preceding paper, “Why Geoneutrinos are almost all neutrino directionality is lost. Further, delicate Interesting”[1], really sets the stage for this contribu- care must be taken for radiopurity, now well understood tion to NU2008. McDonough explains that the flux of but not easy. geoneutrinos coming mainly from the natural radioactive The process employed for detection of the anti- decay chains of Uranium and Thorium from throughout neutrinos is the inverse beta decay, used by researchers the earth, serves as a tag for the abundance and loca- since the initial observations of these neutrinos by Cowan tion of these rare isotopes.
Name Street City ABABULUGU, BIFTU a 309 CAMPUS DR UNIT 3

Name Street City ABABULUGU, BIFTU A 309 CAMPUS DR UNIT 3 AMHERST NY 14226 ABALIGDI, AYESHA A 161 PRINCETON AVE UNIT 3 AMHERST NY 14226 ABAS, SELWA K 136 PRINCETON AVE UNIT 2 AMHERST NY 14226 ABAZAID, EMAN R 581 ALLENHURST RD UNIT A AMHERST NY 14226 ABBAS, AMMAR 288 ALLENHURST RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABBATE, JOSEPHINE A 166 THISTLE LEA WILLIAMSVILLE NY 14221 ABBATOY, DAVID M 535 BURROUGHS DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, ELIZABETH F 293 SARATOGA RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, GREGORY N 293 SARATOGA RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, JACLYN K 216 BERRYMAN DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, JAMES E 334 CALLODINE AVE AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, MARY ROBERTA 519 GROVER CLEVELAND HWY AMHERST NY 14226 ABBOTT, MYLES M 293 SARATOGA RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABDALLAH, BAHI 591 ALLENHURST RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABDELLATIF, IHMAIDAN M 497 ALLENHURST RD AMHERST NY 14226 ABDEL-LATIF, RUBA 497 ALLENHURST RD UNIT A AMHERST NY 14226 ABDULJABBAR, ZAID 533 ALLENHURST RD UNIT B AMHERST NY 14226 ABED, JAWAD K 210 CAPEN BLVD AMHERST NY 14226 ABEDZADEAH, ANIS 72 MEADOW LEA DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEDZADEH, YOUNES 72 MEADOW LEA DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEEL, ASHLEY C 326 ROYCROFT BLVD AMHERST NY 14226 ABEEL, JOHN EDMUND 326 ROYCROFT BLVD AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL, BARBARA N 351 CAPEN BLVD AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL, JANE M 356 HUXLEY DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL, KEVIN S 356 HUXLEY DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL, NANCY J 356 HUXLEY DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL, RICHARD C 356 HUXLEY DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABEL-NEAL, SHERYL L 350 WASHINGTON HWY AMHERST NY 14226 ABELS, JOHN R 78 SARGENT DR AMHERST NY 14226 ABELS, LINDSAY E 78 SARGENT
1.743 Editors-In-Chief: Juan Luis Gutiérrez-Ch

Impact Factor: 1.743 May 2020, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 225–328 www.cardiologyjournal.org Cardiology Journal 2020, Vol. 27, No. 3, pp. 225–328 Editors-in-Chief: Juan Luis Gutiérrez-Chico Miłosz J. Jaguszewski Section Editors: Krzysztof J. Filipiak José Luis Zamorano Carlo Di Mario Paweł Buszman Heleen van Beusekom Philipp Sommer International Honorary Editor: Thomas F. Lüscher Fang-Yang Huang et al., see figure legend on page 319 ORIGINAL ARTICLES 272 Cardiac sarcoidosis and ventricular arrhythmias. A rare association of a rare disease. A retrospective 230 Reproducibility of quantitative flow ratio: An inter- cohort study from the National Inpatient Sample -core laboratory variability study — Y. Chang et al. and current evidence for management 238 Coronary plaque redistribution after stent — A. Salama et al. implantation is determined by lipid composition: A NIRS-IVUS analysis — T. Roleder et al. 278 Psoriasis is an independent predictor of increased risk of allergic reaction during 246 Echocardiographic assessment of left atrial percutaneous coronary interventions. morphology and function to predict maintenance Big data analysis from the Polish National of sinus rhythm after electrical cardioversion PCI Registry (ORPKI) — Z. Siudak et al. in patients with non-valvular persistent atrial fibrillation and normal function or mild dysfunction of left ventricle — P. Wałek et al. 285 MiR-1/133 attenuates cardiomyocyte apoptosis and electrical remodeling in mice with viral ISSN 1897–5593 254 Significance of congestive heart failure as a cause myocarditis — W. Li et al. of pleural effusion: Pilot data from a large multidisciplinary teaching hospital — P. Korczyński et al. 295 Characteristics of circulating endothelial cells 262 Association between mild thyroid dysfunction obtained from non-ST-segment elevation and clinical outcome in acute coronary syndrome myocardial infarction patients with additional undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention diastolic dysfunction of left ventricle observed — Q.
Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction

Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction Federico Vancheri 1,*, Giovanni Longo 2, Sergio Vancheri 3 and Michael Henein 4,5,6 1 Department of Internal Medicine, S.Elia Hospital, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy 2 Cardiovascular and Interventional Department, S.Elia Hospital, 93100 Caltanissetta, Italy; [email protected] 3 Radiology Department, I.R.C.C.S. Policlinico San Matteo, 27100 Pavia, Italy; [email protected] 4 Institute of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, SE-90187 Umea, Sweden; [email protected] 5 Department of Fluid Mechanics, Brunel University, Middlesex, London UB8 3PH, UK 6 Molecular and Nuclear Research Institute, St George’s University, London SW17 0RE, UK * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 10 August 2020; Accepted: 2 September 2020; Published: 6 September 2020 Abstract: Many patients with chest pain undergoing coronary angiography do not show significant obstructive coronary lesions. A substantial proportion of these patients have abnormalities in the function and structure of coronary microcirculation due to endothelial and smooth muscle cell dysfunction. The coronary microcirculation has a fundamental role in the regulation of coronary blood flow in response to cardiac oxygen requirements. Impairment of this mechanism, defined as coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD), carries an increased risk of adverse cardiovascular clinical outcomes. Coronary endothelial dysfunction accounts for approximately two-thirds of clinical conditions presenting with symptoms and signs of myocardial ischemia without obstructive coronary disease, termed “ischemia with non-obstructive coronary artery disease” (INOCA) and for a small proportion of “myocardial infarction with non-obstructive coronary artery disease” (MINOCA). More frequently, the clinical presentation of INOCA is microvascular angina due to CMD, while some patients present vasospastic angina due to epicardial spasm, and mixed epicardial and microvascular forms.
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Subject Categories Click on a Subject Category below: Anthropology Archaeology Astronomy and Astrophysics Atmospheric Sciences and Oceanography Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Business and Finance Cellular and Developmental Biology and Genetics Chemistry Communications, Journalism, Editing, and Publishing Computer Sciences and Technology Economics Educational, Scientific, Cultural, and Philanthropic Administration (Nongovernmental) Engineering and Technology Geology and Mineralogy Geophysics, Geography, and Other Earth Sciences History Law and Jurisprudence Literary Scholarship and Criticism and Language Literature (Creative Writing) Mathematics and Statistics Medicine and Health Microbiology and Immunology Natural History and Ecology; Evolutionary and Population Biology Neurosciences, Cognitive Sciences, and Behavioral Biology Performing Arts and Music – Criticism and Practice Philosophy Physics Physiology and Pharmacology Plant Sciences Political Science / International Relations Psychology / Education Public Affairs, Administration, and Policy (Governmental and Intergovernmental) Sociology / Demography Theology and Ministerial Practice Visual Arts, Art History, and Architecture Zoology Subject Categories of the American Academy of Arts & Sciences, 1780–2019 Das, Veena Gellner, Ernest Andre Leach, Edmund Ronald Anthropology Davis, Allison (William Gluckman, Max (Herman Leakey, Mary Douglas Allison) Max) Nicol Adams, Robert Descola, Philippe Goddard, Pliny Earle Leakey, Richard Erskine McCormick DeVore, Irven (Boyd Goodenough, Ward Hunt Frere Adler-Lomnitz, Larissa Irven) Goody, John Rankine Lee, Richard Borshay Appadurai, Arjun Dillehay, Tom D. Grayson, Donald K. LeVine, Robert Alan Bailey, Frederick George Dixon, Roland Burrage Greenberg, Joseph Levi-Strauss, Claude Barth, Fredrik Dodge, Ernest Stanley Harold Levy, Robert Isaac Bateson, Gregory Donnan, Christopher B. Greenhouse, Carol J. Levy, Thomas Evan Beall, Cynthia M. Douglas, Mary Margaret Grove, David C. Lewis, Oscar Benedict, Ruth Fulton Du Bois, Cora Alice Gumperz, John J.
History of High-Energy Neutrino Astronomy

History of high-energy neutrino astronomy C. Spiering DESY, Platanenallee 6, D-15738 Zeuthen, Germany This talk sketches the main milestones of the path towards cubic kilometer neutrino telescopes. It starts with the first conceptual ideas in the late 1950s and describes the emergence of concepts for detectors with a realistic discovery potential in the 1970s and 1980s. After the pioneering project DUMAND close to Hawaii was terminated in 1995, the further development was carried by NT200 in Lake Baikal, AMANDA at the South Pole and ANTARES in the Mediterranean Sea. In 2013, more than half a century after the first concepts, IceCube has discovered extraterrestrial high-energy neutrinos and opened a new observational window to the cosmos { marking a milestone along a journey which is far from being finished. 1 From first concepts to the detection of atmospheric neutrinos The initial idea of neutrino astronomy beyond the solar system rested on two arguments: The first was the expectation that a supernova stellar collapse in our galaxy would be accompanied by an enormous burst of neutrinos in the 5-10 MeV range. The second was the expectation that fast rotating pulsars must accelerate charged particles in their Tera-Gauss magnetic fields. Either in the source or on their way to Earth they must hit matter, generate pions and neutrinos as decay products of the pions. The first ideas to detect cosmic high energy neutrinos underground or underwater date back to the late fifties (see 1 for a detailed history of cosmic neutrino detectors). In the 1960 Annual Review of Nuclear Science, K.
Characterizing the Diffuse Neutrino Flux with the Future Km3net/ARCA

Characterizing the diffuse neutrino flux with the future KM3NeT/ARCA detector Charakterisierung des diffusen Neutrinoflusses mit dem zukunftigen¨ KM3NeT/ARCA-Neutrinoteleskop Der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultat¨ der Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat¨ Erlangen-Nurnberg¨ zur Erlangung des Doktorgrades Dr. rer. nat. vorgelegt von Thomas Gerhard Georg Heid aus Roth Als Dissertation genehmigt von der Naturwissenschaftlichen Fakultat¨ der Friedrich-Alexander-Universitat¨ Erlangen-Nurnberg¨ Tag der mundlichen¨ Prufung:¨ 13.12.2018 Vorsitzender des Promotionsorgans: Prof. Dr. Georg Kreimer Gutachter: Prof. Dr. Gisela Anton Dr. Paschal Coyle Contents 1 Introduction 6 2 Neutrino physics8 2.1 Neutrino properties...................................8 2.2 Neutrino production...................................8 2.2.1 Neutrinos from astrophysical sources.....................9 2.2.2 Neutrinos produced in the Earth’s atmosphere................. 11 2.3 Neutrino Oscillation................................... 12 2.4 Neutrino interaction................................... 13 2.4.1 Interactions of neutrinos of all kinds of flavor in the neutral current..... 15 2.4.2 Interaction of νe in the charged current..................... 15 2.4.3 Interaction of νµ in the charged current..................... 15 2.4.4 Interactions of ντ in the charged current.................... 16 3 KM3NeT: A worker for neutrino astronomy 18 3.1 KM3NeT........................................ 18 3.2 Future prospects of neutrino astronomy........................ 20 4 Detector Simulation 21 5 Atmospheric
Using Standard Syste

PHYSICAL REVIEW D VOLUME 55, NUMBER 10 15 MAY 1997 Cumulative Author Index All authors of papers published so far in the current volume are listed alphabetically with the issue and page numbers following the dash. A more complete index, with the full title listed with each ®rst author's name and subsequent authors cross-referenced, is published in the last issue of the volume. A cumulative author and subject index covering Physical Review A through E, Physical Review Letters, and Reviews of Modern Physics is published annually under separate cover. Abashian, A.Ð͑9͒ 5667 Anderson, Paul R.Ð͑6͒ 3440; ͑10͒ 6116 Badgett, W.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546; Abbasabadi, AliÐ͑9͒ 5647 Anderson, S.Ð͑3͒ R1119; ͑5͒ 2559; ͑9͒ R5263 Abe, F.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546; ͑9͒ R5263 ͑7͒ R3919; ͑9͒ 5273 Baer, HowardÐ͑3͒ 1466; ͑5͒ 3201; Abe, K.Ð͑1͒ 19; ͑5͒ 2533, 2533 Andersson, NilsÐ͑2͒ 468 ͑7͒ 4463 Andreev, Yu. M.Ð͑3͒ 1233 Abel, S. A.Ð͑3͒ 1623 Bagdasarov, S.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546; Anisovich, V. V.Ð͑5͒ 2918 Abney, MarkÐ͑2͒ 582 ͑9͒ R5263 Anninos, PeterÐ͑2͒ 829; ͑4͒ 1948 Abrahams, AndrewÐ͑2͒ 829 Bagger, JonathanÐ͑2͒ 1091 Anselmino, M.Ð͑9͒ 5841 Abt, I.Ð͑5͒ 2533 ͑ ͒ AntilloÂn, ArmandoÐ͑10͒ 6327 Bagger, Jonathan A.Ð 5 3188 Acharya, B. S.Ð͑8͒ R4521 Antoniadis, IgnatiosÐ͑8͒ 4756, 4770 Baier, R.Ð͑7͒ 4344 Achasov, N. N.Ð͑5͒ 2663, 2672 Antoniazzi, L.Ð͑7͒ 3927 Bailey, M. W.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546; Adam, ChristophÐ͑10͒ 6299 Antos, J.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546; ͑9͒ R5263 ͑9͒ R5263 Adhikari, RathinÐ͑6͒ 3836 Antunes, Nuno D.Ð͑2͒ 925 Baird, K. G.Ð͑5͒ 2533 Afanasev, AndreiÐ͑7͒ 4380 Anway-Wiese, C.Ð͑3͒ 1142; ͑5͒ 2546 Baker, JohnÐ͑2͒ 829 Ahlen, S.
List of Participants

First name Last name Organization Position Rose Abdollahzadeh Chatham House Research Partnerships Manager David Abulafia Cambridge University Professor Of Mediterranean History Evangelia Achladi General Consulate Of Greece At Constantinople/Sismanoglio Megaro Greek Language Instructor - Librarian Babis Adamantidis Vasiliki Adamidou LIDL Hellas Corporate Communications and CSR Director Katerina Agorogianni The Greek Guiding Association Vice Chair of National Board Eleni Agouridi Stavros Niarchos Foundation Program Officer George Agouridis Stavros Niarchos Foundation Board Member & Group Chief Legal Counsel Kleopatra Alamantariotou Biomimicry Greece/ Nasa Challenge Greece Founder CEO Christina Albanou Spastics' Society of Northern Greece Director Eleni Alexaki US Embassy Cultural Affairs Specialist Maria Alexiou TITAN Cement SA Vasiliki Alexopoulos Stavros Niarchos Foundation Intern Georgios Alexopoulos European Research Institute on Cooperative and Social Enterprises Senior Researcher Ben Altshuler Institute for Digital Archaeology Director Mike Ammann Embassy Of Switzerland Deputy Head Of Mission Virginia Anagnos Goodman Media International Executive Vice President Dora Anastasiadou American Farm School of Thessaloniki -Perrotis College Despina Andrianopoulou American Embassy Protocol Specialist Mayor's Office Communications & Foteini Andrikopoulou City Of Athens Public Relations Advisor Elly Andriopoulou Stavros Niarchos Foundation SNFCC Grant Manager Anastasia Andritsou British Council Head Partnerships & Programmes Sophia Anthopoulou
Improving Event Classification at Km3net with Orcanet

Improving event classification at KM3NeT with OrcaNet A thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for Master in Experimental Physics at Universiteit Utrecht Author Enrique Huesca Santiago July, 2019 2 Abstract Neutrino telescopes such as KM3NeT are being built to detect these tiny, elusive particles. In the case of KM3NeT ORCA the aim is to determine the currently unknown neutrino mass hierarchy, which has far reaching implications for scientific research. Distinguishing between the different types of neutrino flavour interactions seen in the detector is critical for this goal. In order to achieve this, Deep-Learning algorithms such as the OrcaNet framework for KM3NeT are being developed and tested. This work consists of an exploration of the performance of this tool for the concrete case of event identification in KM3NeT, and its implications for determining the neutrino mass hierarchy. Here, clear evidence is presented that there is potential for event classification and identification beyond the current binary track-shower scheme, including up to 40% separation for electron neutrino charged current events. Para mamá y papá, los mejores científicos que nunca han sido. Student number: 6310141 Thesis Research Project: 60 ECTS Contact: [email protected] Supervisor: Paul de Jong First Examiner: Raimond Snellings Second Examiner: Alessandro Grelli Word Count: 24966 3 Contents 1 Introduction6 1.1 Motivation.................................6 1.2 Neutrino classification.......................... 10 1.3 Cherenkov Radiation........................... 11 2 Neutrino Physics 12 2.1 Neutrino Discovery............................ 12 2.2 Neutrino Oscillations........................... 14 2.2.1 Neutrino Mixing Formalism................... 14 2.2.2 The Solar Neutrino Problem................... 16 2.2.3 3 flavour neutrino oscillations.................
Origin and Propagation of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays

To appear in Physics Reports E-Print astro-ph/9811011 Origin and Propagation of Extremely High Energy Cosmic Rays Pijushpani Bhattacharjee1 Indian Institute of Astrophysics, Bangalore-560 034, India. Günter Sigl2 Astronomy & Astrophysics Center, Enrico Fermi Institute, University of Chicago, 5640 South Ellis Avenue, Chicago, IL 60637, USA Abstract Cosmic ray particles with energies in excess of 1020 eV have been detected. The sources as well as the physical mechanism(s) responsible for endowing cosmic ray particles with such enormous energies are unknown. This report gives a review of the physics and astrophysics associated with the questions of origin and propagation of these Extremely High Energy (EHE) cosmic rays in the Universe. After a brief review of the observed cosmic rays in general and their possible sources and acceleration mechanisms, a detailed discussion is given of possible “top-down” (non-acceleration) scenarios of origin of EHE cosmic rays through decay of sufficiently massive particles originating from processes in the early Universe. The massive particles can come from collapse and/or annihilation of cosmic topological defects (such as monopoles, cosmic strings, etc.) associated with Grand Unified Theories or they could be some long- lived metastable supermassive relic particles that were created in the early Universe and are decaying in the current epoch. The highest energy end of the cosmic ray spectrum can thus be used as a probe of new fundamental physics beyond Standard Model. We discuss the role of existing and proposed cosmic ray, gamma-ray and neutrino experiments in this context. We also discuss how observations with next generation experiments of images and spectra of EHE cosmic ray sources can be used to obtain new information on Galactic and extragalactic magnetic fields and possibly their origin.
An Overview of the Experimental High Energy Activities in Greece Chara

An overview of the Experimental High Energy Activities in Greece Chara Petridou, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece [email protected] The Activities An overview of the Experimental High Energy Activities in Greece Greek Experimental HEP Activities Chara Petridou Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Accelarator Non-Accelerator Detector/Acceleratotor Experiments Experiments R&D PhD's 44 PhD's 12 PhD's 3 PhD-students 30 PhD-students 4 PhD-students 2 Accelerator Physics Experiments Accelerator Physics Activities CERN Fermilab Experiments DESY Experiments LHC Exper imen ts nTOF Tevatron-CDF Neutrino Physics HERA-H1/ZEUS PhD's 1 ATLAS CMS ALICE PhD's 1 PhD's 3 PhD-students 2 PhD's 18 PhD's 17 PhD's 3 PhD-students 1 PhD-students 1 PhD-students 10 PhD-students 10 PhD-students 5 Non-Accelerator Physics The Greek ATLAS Project Experiments NKUoA, NTUA, AUTh all three institutes collaborated for the construction of the BIS chambers of the ATLAS Muon sSpectrometer, consisting of 128 MTD Muon chambers Experiments in Greece Experiments at CERN All chambers installed in the ATLAS pit since Dec 2006 NESTOR HELYCON CAST PhD's 4 PhD's 3 PhD's 4 PhD-students 2 PhD-students 2 All chambers commissioned with cosmic rays Ready for data taking C. Kourkoumelis This Conference 3 Demokritos University National Center for University The Greek ATLAS Project CMS in Greece of Athens Scientific Research of Ioannina Preshower • Muon studies: 2008: 17 PhD physicists Participation: Endcap • CMS Preshower (DEMOKRITOS-UoI) ECAL DCS and HV/LV, Bfield control