The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A
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Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Tracing the development of the musical both on Broadway and in London’s West End, this updated Companion continues to provide a broad and thorough overview of one of the liveliest and most popular forms of musical performance. Ordered chronologically, essays cover the history of the genre from the American musical of the nineteenth century through to the most recent productions, and the book also includes key information on singers, audience, critical reception and traditions. All of the chapters from the first edition remain – several in updated forms – and five new chapters have been added, covering ethnic musicals in the United States; the European musical; Broadway musicals in revival and on television; the most recent shows; and a case study of the creation of the popular show Wicked based on interviews with its creators. The Companion also includes an extensive bibliography and photographs from key productions. William A. Everett is Associate Professor of Musicology at the University of Missouri–Kansas City. Paul R. Laird is Professor of Musicology at the University of Kansas. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information The Cambridge Companion to the MUSICAL ............ SECOND EDITION edited by William A. Everett and Paul R. Laird © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information University Printing House, Cambridge CB2 8BS, United Kingdom One Liberty Plaza, 20th Floor, New York, NY 10006, USA 477 Williamstown Road, Port Melbourne, VIC 3207, Australia 4843/24, 2nd Floor, Ansari Road, Daryaganj, Delhi - 110002, India 79 Anson Road, #06-04/06, Singapore 079906 Cambridge University Press is part of the University of Cambridge. It furthers the University’s mission by disseminating knowledge in the pursuit of education, learning and research at the highest international levels of excellence. www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521680844 © Cambridge University Press 2002, 2008 This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 2002 Second edition 2008 Reprinted 2009 A catalogue record for this publication is available from the British Library Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication data The Cambridge companion to the musical/edited by William A. Everett and Paul R. Laird. – 2nd edn. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. 372) and index. ISBN 978-0-521-86238-7 (hardback) – ISBN 978-0-521-68084-4 (pbk.) 1. Musicals–History and criticism. 2. Musical theater–History. I. Everett,William A., 1962– II. Laird, Paul R. III. Title. ML2054.C35 2008 782.1´4–dc22 2007053042 ISBN 978-0-521-68084-4 Paperback Cambridge University Press has no responsibility for the persistence or accuracy of URLs for external or third-party internet websites referred to in this publication, and does not guarantee that any content on such websites is, or will remain, accurate or appropriate. © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information Contents List of illustrations [page vii] Notes on contributors [ix] Preface to the second edition [xiv] Part I r Adaptations and transformations: before 1940 1 American musical theatre before the twentieth century Katherine K. Preston [3] 2 Non-English-language musical theatre in the United States John Koegel [29] 3 Birth pangs, growing pains and sibling rivalry: musical theatre in New York, 1900–1920 Orly Leah Krasner [54] 4 American and British operetta in the 1920s: romance, nostalgia and adven- ture William A. Everett [72] 5 Images of African Americans: African-American musical theatre, Show Boat and Porgy and Bess John Graziano [89] 6 The melody (and the words) linger on: American musical comedies of the 1920s and 1930s Geoffrey Block [103] Part II r Maturations and formulations: 1940–1970 7 ‘We said we wouldn’t look back’: British musical theatre, 1935–1960 John Snelson [127] 8 The coming of the musical play: Rodgers and Hammerstein Ann Sears [147] 9 The successors of Rodgers and Hammerstein from the 1940s to the 1960s Thomas L. Riis and Ann Sears [164] 10 Musical sophistication on Broadway: Kurt Weill and Leonard Bernstein bruce d. mcclung and Paul R. Laird [190] Part III r Evolutions and integrations: after 1970 11 Stephen Sondheim and the musical of the outsider Jim Lovensheimer [205] 12 Choreographers, directors and the fully integrated musical Paul R. Laird [220] [v] © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information vi Contents 13 From Hair to Rent: is ‘rock’ a four-letter word on Broadway? Scott Warfield [235] 14 The megamusical: the creation, internationalisation and impact of a genre Paul Prece and William A. Everett [250] 15 ‘Something borrowed, something blue’: the marriage of the musical and Europe Judith Sebesta [270] 16 New horizons: the musical at the dawn of the twenty-first century Bud Coleman [284] Part IV r Legacies and transformations 17 Why do they start to sing and dance all of a sudden? Examining the film musical Graham Wood [305] 18 Revisiting classic musicals: revivals, films, television and recordings Jessica Sternfeld [325] 19 The creation of a Broadway musical: Stephen Schwartz, Winnie Holzman, and Wicked Paul R. Laird [340] Notes [353] Select bibliography [372] Index [386] © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information Illustrations 1 Scenic design for Act 2 from Emma Abbott’s production of the opera Paul and Virginia by Victor Masse´ (1872) showing the interior of the plantation home of Mons. St. Crois on ‘a picturesque island off the coast of Africa’. Tams-Witmark Collection, University of Wisconsin-Madison [page 23] 2 ‘A Brivele dem Taten’ (A Little Letter to Papa) (1911). Words and music by Solomon Smulewitz (1868–1943), arranged by Joseph Rumshisky (1881– 1956) [41] 3 Libretto cover from ‘Klein-Deutschland’ (Little Germany) (1897) by Adolf Philipp [46] 4 Editorial cartoon concerning the popularity of The Merry Widow from The Evening American, 1909 [62] 5 The original New York production of The Student Prince with Ilse Marvenga and the Male Chorus. Photo courtesy of The Shubert Archive [78] 6 A production of Show Boat, c. 1938 at the St Louis Municipal Opera. Photo courtesy of the Municipal Theatre Association of St Louis [100] 7 Gertrude Lawrence with the doll that George Gershwin gave her to hold while singing ‘Someone to Watch Over Me’ in Oh, Kay! Photo courtesy of New York Public Library, Billy Rose Theatre Collection [121] 8 Programme cover from original production of Twenty to One (12 November 1935, Coliseum). Photo from private programme collection of John Snelson [128] 9 Programme cover from the 1945 revival at the Victoria Palace of Me and My Girl (original premiere 16 December 1937, Victoria Palace). The design is the same as the original cover and Lupino Lane starred in both productions. Photo from private programme collection of John Snelson [136] 10 Programme cover from the original production of Bless the Bride (26 April 1947, Adelphi Theatre). Photo from private programme collection of John Snelson [136] 11 Programme cover from original production of Gay’s the Word (16 February 1951, Saville Theatre). Photo from private programme collection of John Snelson [136] 12 Programme cover from Expresso Bongo (23 April 1958, Saville Theatre). Photo from private programme collection of John Snelson [136] 13 Shirley Jones as Maria with the children in the 1977 production of The Sound of Music at Starlight Theatre, Kansas City, Missouri. Photo courtesy of Starlight Theatre, Kansas City, Missouri [161] [vii] © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-68084-4 — The Cambridge Companion to the Musical Edited by William A. Everett , Paul R. Laird Frontmatter More Information viii List of illustrations 14 Carol Channing in the 1977 production of Hello, Dolly! at Starlight Theatre, Kansas City, Missouri. Photo courtesy of Starlight Theatre, Kansas City, Missouri [187] 15 Lotte Lenya performing the song ‘Pirate Jenny’ with Leonard Bernstein conducting during concert production of The Threepenny Opera at Festival of the Creative Arts, Brandeis University, 1952. Photo courtesy of The Kurt Weill Foundation for Music [191] 16 Production of Company in 2001 at the Missouri Repertory Theatre. Photo courtesy of Kansas City Repertory Theatre [209] 17 Ann Reinking, P. J. Mann and Christine Colby Jacques in ‘Stout-Hearted Men’,a dance number from Bob Fosse’s Dancin’,in 1979. Photo courtesy of TimePix, Martha Swope Collection [227] 18 The original production of Hair in 1968. Photo by Dagmar [238] 19 The original London cast of Les Mis´erables, Palace Theatre, 1985. C Donald Cooper, Photostage [252] 20 Sarah Brightman and Michael Crawford in The Phantom of the Opera,Her Majesty’s Theatre, 1986. C Donald Cooper, Photostage [262] 21 German production of Elisabeth, courtesy of Stage Entertainment, Inc.