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Transportation Impacts of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority and the Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project

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Transportation Impacts of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority and the Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project Transportation Impacts of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority and the Central Artery/Third Harbor Tunnel Project Volume I February 2006 After Before IFC Economic Impact of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority & Related Projects Volume I: The Turnpike Authority as a Transportation Provider Prepared for: Massachusetts Turnpike Authority 10 Park Plaza, Suite 4160, Boston, MA 02116 Prepared by: Economic Development Research Group, Inc. 2 Oliver Street, 9th Floor, Boston, MA 02109 Table of Contents Table of Contents Preface.........................................................................................................................i Summary of Volume I Findings...................................................................................i Introduction ................................................................................................................1 1.1 Analysis Methodology............................................................................................1 1.4 Organization of the Report .....................................................................................2 Overview of Projects...................................................................................................3 2.1 I-93 Central Artery Projects ...................................................................................3 2.2 I-90 Turnpike Extension to Logan Airport.............................................................5 2.3 New Public Safety Services for Boston Area Highways........................................6 2.4 I-90 Improvements West of Route 128 ..................................................................6 2.5 Other Services ........................................................................................................8 Highway Projects & Facilities in Boston ....................................................................9 3.1 Methodology for Measuring Economic Benefits ...................................................9 3.2 Interstate-93 Central Artery..................................................................................10 3.3 Interstate-90 / Massachusetts Turnpike Extension ...............................................12 3.4 Harbor Crossings: Callahan, Sumner and Ted Williams Tunnels........................15 3.5 Storrow Drive and Charles River Crossings ........................................................19 3.6 Summary of Downtown Traffic Changes.............................................................20 3.7 Fast Lane Program – Boston Region....................................................................25 3.8 Emergency Response............................................................................................25 Highway Projects and Facilities Outside of Boston ..................................................27 4.1 Traffic Levels .......................................................................................................28 4.2 New Interchange 10A...........................................................................................29 4.3 Traveler Information Services..............................................................................29 4.4 Service Plazas.......................................................................................................30 4.5 Fast Lane Program – Western Turnpike...............................................................33 The MTA as an Employer and Contractor ................................................................34 5.1 Definitions and Methodology...............................................................................34 5.2 MTA Revenue & Expense Overview...................................................................35 5.3 MTA and Turnpike Employment and Payroll......................................................36 5.4 Vendors of Supplies and Services ........................................................................37 5.5 Effects On The Massachusetts Economy .............................................................39 5.6 Tax and Other Non-toll Revenues Generated.......................................................41 Acknowledgements...................................................................................................43 Table of Contents List of Tables Table 3-1. Changes in Volumes & Times: Central Artery ............................................... 11 Table 3-2. Change in Volumes & Times Between Airport and I-90/I-93 Junction.......... 13 Table 3-3. Changes in Total Daily Volumes: Harbor Tunnels to Airport ........................ 17 Table 3-4. Changes in Peak Hour Volumes & Times: Harbor Tunnels to Airport .......... 18 Table 3-5. Changes in Vehicle-Miles and Vehicle-Hours of Travel ................................ 21 Table 3-6. Comparison of VHT Changes with Original Projections................................ 22 Table 3-7. Change in Value of Time and Operating Cost ................................................ 24 Table 3-8. Use of Transponders at Facilities of the Metropolitan Highway System....... 25 Table 3-9. Emergency Stations and Platforms Profile...................................................... 26 Table 4-1. Growth in Turnpike Traffic Levels : 1994 – 2003 ......................................... 28 Table 4-2. Visitor Information Center Customer Growth: 1994 – 2003 .......................... 29 Table 4-3. Service Plaza Locations and Tenants ............................................................. 31 Table 4-4. Service Plazas Sales Revenue: 1994 & 2003 .................................................. 33 Table 5-1: MTA and Service Plazas: Direct Employment & Payroll (as of 2003) ......... 36 Table 5-2. MTA Ongoing and Turnpike Startup Expenditures ........................................ 37 Table 5-3. Breakdown of MTA Non-Capital Expenses.................................................... 38 Table 5-4. Breakdown of MTA Capital Expenses............................................................ 38 Table 5-5. Impacts on the Mass. Economy from MTA Vendor Purchases ...................... 39 Table 5-6. Impacts on the Mass. Economy from Respending of Worker Income............ 40 Table 5-7. Total Economic Impact of the MTA and Related Facilities............................ 40 Table 5-8. State/Local Government Tax Impacts Generated by MTA Operations .......... 41 List of Figures Figure 2-1. Central Artery/Tunnel Projects ........................................................................ 4 Figure 3-1. Extended Area Within 40 Minutes Of Logan Airport* ................................. 15 Figure 4-1. Map of Massachusetts Turnpike Interchanges............................................... 27 Figure 4-2. Map of Turnpike Visitor Information and Service Plazas ............................. 30 Figure 4-3. Growth in MTA Rents from Tenants at Service Centers............................... 32 Figure 5-1. Breakdown of MTA Revenue ........................................................................ 35 Figure 5-2. Massachusetts Jobs Generated by MTA ........................................................ 41 Preface PREFACE The Massachusetts Turnpike Authority was created by 1952 legislation in order to oversee the construction, operation and maintenance of an express toll highway running east-west between the New York state line and the Boston area. The original Turnpike opened in 1957, consisting of a 123-mile toll way between the New York state line and the Route 128 beltway. It was designated as I-90 in the Interstate Highway System. The Turnpike’s 12-mile “Boston Extension” continued the route from Route 128 (now also known as I-95) to downtown Boston. That extension was opened in two stages -- to the Allston-Brighton toll plaza in 1964, and to I-93 downtown in 1965. A final 3-mile continuation of the Turnpike’s Boston Extension across Boston Harbor (via the Ted Williams Tunnel) to Logan Airport and Route 1A opened in 2003. In 1958, the Authority was authorized to acquire the Sumner Tunnel (constructed in 1934) from the City of Boston as well as to construct and operate a parallel Callahan Tunnel. The twin tunnels began joint operation in 1962. In 1997, the Metropolitan Highway System (MHS) law gave the Turnpike Authority a new set of responsibilities. The MHS was defined to include major highway facilities within the Route 128 belt – including the 15-mile Boston Extension of I-90 between Route 128/I-95 and Route 1A in East Boston (including the Ted Williams Tunnel and Fort Point Channel Tunnel), the Sumner and Callahan tunnels, the I-93 Central Artery project (including the Zakim Bunker Hill Bridge and Storrow Drive Connector Bridge), the Central Artery North Area (City Square tunnel) and other connecting Central Artery facilities. The law divided the Turnpike Authority into two parts: the original 123-mile Turnpike (referred to as the “Western Turnpike” and the MHS. Today, the Turnpike Authority operates the Western Turnpike and the MHS as two independent and financially self-sustaining road systems. Once completed, all facilities completed as part of the Central Artery project will officially become part of the Massachusetts Turnpike Authority’s MHS. A year earlier, in 1996, the Turnpike Authority issued a study authored by the Donahue Institute and University of Massachusetts Transportation Center that analyzed the economic impact of the agency and its highway facilities. Many changes have occurred in the nine years since that report, including extension of the I-90 Turnpike across Boston
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