Feasibility Study on Variable-Speed Air Conditioner Under Hot Climate Based on Real-Scale Experiment and Energy Simulation
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Spatial Distributions of Carbon Storage and Uptake of Urban Forests in Seoul, South Korea
Sensors and Materials, Vol. 31, No. 11 (2019) 3811–3826 3811 MYU Tokyo S & M 2051 Spatial Distributions of Carbon Storage and Uptake of Urban Forests in Seoul, South Korea Do-Hyung Lee,1 Sung-Ho Kil,2* Hyun-Kil Jo,2 and Byoungkoo Choi3 1Green Business Division, Korea Research Institute on Climate Change, Chuncheon 24239, South Korea 2Department of Ecological Landscape Architecture Design, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea 3Department of Forest Environment Protection, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, South Korea (Received August 17, 2019; accepted October 23, 2019) Keywords: climate change, ecosystem service, tree cover, vegetation index, forest management Urban forests are crucial to alleviate climate change by reducing the amount of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere. Although recent research has mapped the ecosystem service worldwide, most studies have not obtained accurate results owing to the usage of high-cost and low-resolution data. Hence, herein, carbon storage and carbon uptake per capita are quantified and mapped for all administrative districts of the Seoul Metropolitan City through (1) the analysis of tree cover via on-site tree investigation and aerial imagery and (2) geographic information system (GIS) analysis, targeting the Seoul Metropolitan City of South Korea, which has achieved the highest level of development. Results indicate that the total carbon storage and carbon uptake of Seoul are approximately 1459024 t and 147388 t/yr, respectively; the corresponding per unit area values are approximately 24.03 t/ha and 2.43 t/ha/yr, which are lower than those of other cities. In particular, carbon storage and uptake per capita benefits of the urban areas, except for the urban forest areas, are confirmed to show a maximum difference (~20 times) between the regions. -
Diurnal Thermal Behavior of Photovoltaic Panel with Phase Change Materials Under Different Weather Conditions
energies Article Diurnal Thermal Behavior of Photovoltaic Panel with Phase Change Materials under Different Weather Conditions Jae-Han Lim 1,* ID , Yoon-Sun Lee 1 and Yoon-Bok Seong 2 1 ELTEC College of Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea; [email protected] 2 Center for Climatic Environment Real-scale Testing, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Chungbuk 27873, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +82-2-3277-6874 Received: 16 October 2017; Accepted: 27 November 2017; Published: 1 December 2017 Abstract: The electric power generation efficiency of photovoltaic (PV) panels depends on the solar irradiation flux and the operating temperature of the solar cell. To increase the power generation efficiency of a PV system, this study evaluated the feasibility of phase change materials (PCMs) to reduce the temperature rise of solar cells operating under the climate in Seoul, Korea. For this purpose, two PCMs with different phase change characteristics were prepared and the phase change temperatures and thermal conductivities were compared. The diurnal thermal behavior of PV panels with PCMs under the Seoul climate was evaluated using a 2-D transient thermal analysis program. This paper discusses the heat flow characteristics though the PV cell with PCMs and the effects of the PCM types and macro-packed PCM (MPPCM) methods on the operating temperatures under different weather conditions. Selection of the PCM type was more important than the MMPCM methods when PCMs were used to enhance the performance of PV panels and the mean operating temperature of PV cell and total heat flux from the surface could be reduced by increasing the heat transfer rate through the honeycomb grid steel container for PCMs. -
The Natural Environment Control System of Korean Traditional Architecture: Comparison with Korean Contemporary Architecture
ARTICLE IN PRESS Building and Environment 41 (2006) 1905–1912 www.elsevier.com/locate/buildenv The natural environment control system of Korean traditional architecture: Comparison with Korean contemporary architecture Do-Kyoung Kimà Department of Architectural Engineering, Korea University, 5Ga, Anam-Dong, Sungbuk-Gu, Seoul 136-701, Republic of Korea Received 28 February 2005; received in revised form 15 April 2005; accepted 4 July 2005 Abstract Modern architecture does not have the capacity to control its environment without resorting to methods involving high energy consumption, and these have caused many environmental problems. Architecture needs to recover its capacity to control its environment in an environmentally sustainable manner. Korean architecture has developed systems to control its environment in an environmentally sustainable manner from longstanding experience. This study examines methods used to control the architectural environment in Korean traditional architecture and compares them with Korean contemporary architecture. r 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Natural environment control system; Korean traditional architecture; Natural ventilation; Natural lighting 1. Introduction cannot be the basic method for solving architectural problems associated with the environment. Nowadays, there is a ‘‘well-being’’ fashion in Korea, By the end of the 20th century, a pro-environmental where Koreans seek healthy food and homes [1]. During or ecological architectural trend began to appear. the latter part of 2003, many broadcasts and press Global environmental disruption has continued since notices expressed concern that some buildings have a the industrial revolution in the 18th century, and finally negative effect on the human body. In particular, many human beings have encountered serious difficulties. -
With Air Purification
As clean as it is Cool with Air Purification Do you know how small the size of Ultrafine dust which impact your helath? Traps all particles without fail, even Ultrafine dust (PM 1.0) Micro Dust Filter 90㎛ 50 ~ 70㎛ PM 10 PM 2.5 PM 1.0 Fine Human Hair Dust, Pollen, Combustion Smog, Smoke, Beach Sand Mold, etc particles, organic Diesel soot compounds, metals, etc. ※ PM : Particulate matter is the sum of all solid and liquid particles suspended in air many of which are hazardous. This complex mixture includes both organic and inorganic particles, such as dust, pollen, soot, smoke, and liquid droplets. Protect your family from Ultrafine dust. www. LG.COM As clean as it is Cool with Air Purification Why your A/C needs air purification? Outdoor air is bad? No need to worry. With the LG ThinQ app, you can monitor the state of the indoor air at a glance. Traps all particles without fail, even Ultrafine dust (PM 1.0) 90㎛ 50 ~ 70㎛ PM 10 PM 2.5 PM 1.0 Fine Human Hair Dust, Pollen, Combustion Smog, Smoke, Beach Sand Mold, etc particles, organic Diesel soot compounds, metals, etc. www. LG.COM DUALCOOL with Air Purification KEY FEATURES Air Conditioner and air purifier in one PM1.0 sensor is automatically activated and filtration system removes microscopic dust after 5 million lons capture them. Step 1 PM 1.0 Auto Sensing Step 2 Ion Diffuser Step 3 Filtration System Step 4 Display - Indoor Air Detecting indoor dust 5 million negative ions emitted Effective particle capture. -
Small Air to Water Heat Pump Chiller | Resdiential Hydronic Heat Pump
The World’s Most Efficient Chiller Heat Pump Ultra-Efficient Multiple IDUs - Up to 8 Indoor Units Per CX34 CX34 Air-To-Water Heat Pump 2 Tons Cooling / 3 Tons heating IPLV Cooling 26,615 BTU COP 6.75 EER 23.02 Heating 33,813 BTU COP 3.92 Save More w/ DC Inverter Fan Motors All of the thin-line (5.1" thin) wall, floor and ceiling fan coil units use high efficiency and nearly silent DC Inverter fan motors, designed for 115v 50/60Hz power. 220v 50/60Hz standard FCUs are available for export customers. Geothermal Performance There is no Energy Star program for air to water heat pumps. However, the Chiltrix air-cooled chiller exceeds the Energy Star EER requirements for geothermal water-to-water systems. Server Room Cooling Ultra High Efficiency Heat Pump Chiller Chiltrix offers an optional Free Cooling add-on which allows up The CX34 obtains its ultra high efficiency using existing technologies in to EER 141+ & COP 41+ cooling performance during winter at a new way. For example, we use a DC Inverter compressor and a DC low ambient temperatures. Chiltrix chillers are also available Inverter water pump (both are variable speed) controlled together with in a N+1 redundant configuration. a DC inverter fan motor to achieve the best possible balance of water flow rate, compressor speed, and energy use. Solar Ready Perfect for solar PV operation with super low power draw and A special control algorithm looks at the temperature delta between the a 2 amp soft start that’s easy on inverters and batteries. -
AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES in SEOUL MEASURED USING the UW-MADISON HSRL by Coda Phillips a Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfillmen
AEROSOL OPTICAL PROPERTIES IN SEOUL MEASURED USING THE UW-MADISON HSRL by Coda Phillips A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences) at the UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN–MADISON 2019 The thesis is approved by the following members of the Final Committee: Steve Ackerman, Professor, AOS Grant Petty, Professor, AOS Tristan L’Ecuyer, Professor, AOS i acknowledgments I would like to acknowledge and thank Robert Holz, Ralph Kuehn, and Willem Marais, my mentors throughout my graduate work. My thanks also go to Ilya Razenkov and Ed Eloranta for helping me with technical lidar issues. Also, this thesis was composed with data graciously provided by Xian Peng and Sang-Woo Kim. Finally, I’d like to thank those who read and commented on the thesis: Steve Ackerman, Grant Petty, and Tristan L’Ecuyer. ii contents Contents ii List of Tables iv List of Figures v 1 Review 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Overview of Aerosol in East Asia 1 Aerosol Climatology of South Korea . 2 Anthropogenic Particulate Matter . 3 Dust................................. 3 Biomass Burning . 4 Aerosol Optical Depth . 4 Surface Particulate Matter . 4 Diurnal Cycle . 5 Air Quality Trends . 5 1.3 Overview of Aerosol Observations 6 Passive aerosol remote-sensing . 6 Lidar aerosol observation . 7 In-situ observation . 7 Common Limitations . 8 KORUS-AQ................................. 8 2 Methods 10 HSRL Theory . 10 HSRL Calibration Challenges . 13 Aerosol Extinction vs. Aerosol Backscatter Coefficient . 13 Aerosol Lidar ratio . 14 iii HSRL measurements of the Lidar Ratio . 15 HSRL sensitivity to aerosol . -
Studies on the Optimum Double-Skin Curtain Wall Design for High-Rise Buildings in the Mediterranean Climate
Journal Pre-proof Studies on the optimum double-skin curtain wall design for high-rise buildings in the Mediterranean climate Tanya Saroglou , Theodoros Theodosiou , Baruch Givoni , Isaac A. Meir PII: S0378-7788(19)32308-4 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109641 Reference: ENB 109641 To appear in: Energy & Buildings Received date: 26 July 2019 Revised date: 2 October 2019 Accepted date: 24 November 2019 Please cite this article as: Tanya Saroglou , Theodoros Theodosiou , Baruch Givoni , Isaac A. Meir , Studies on the optimum double-skin curtain wall design for high-rise buildings in the Mediterranean climate, Energy & Buildings (2019), doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109641 This is a PDF file of an article that has undergone enhancements after acceptance, such as the addition of a cover page and metadata, and formatting for readability, but it is not yet the definitive version of record. This version will undergo additional copyediting, typesetting and review before it is published in its final form, but we are providing this version to give early visibility of the article. Please note that, during the production process, errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. © 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. Studies on the optimum double-skin curtain wall design for high-rise buildings in the Mediterranean climate a b c d Tanya Saroglou , Theodoros Theodosiou , Baruch Givoni , Isaac A. Meir a Kreitman School for Advanced Graduate Studies, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel b Department of Civil Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece c Desert Architecture and Urban Planning, J. -
Inverter High Wall Unit
Indoor Unit HEAT PUMP Unit 42QHA012VS 42QHA018VS 42QHA024VS 42QHA030VS Unit Size TR 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 Inverter High Wall Unit BTU/h 12000 18,000 22,000 27000 Rated Capacity at T1 Cooling kW 3.51 5.25 6.45 7.90 42QHA/38QHA BTU/h 10600 16,400 19,200 23,200 Rated Capacity at T3 Cooling kW 3.09 4.80 5.61 6.80 Rated Capacity Heating Watts 3,500 5,450 7,600 8,300 Power Supply V-Ph-Hz 220-240V- 50/60Hz, 1Ph Total System Power Input at T1 Cooling Watts 870 1,300 1,570 2160 Total System Power Input at T3 Cooling Watts 1,080 1,630 1,970 2605 Total System Power Input Heating Watts 950 1,390 2,100 2100 EER at T1 Cooling Btu/W-h 13.75 13.85 14.00 12.50 EER at T3 Cooling Btu/W-h 9.80 10.05 9.75 8.85 COP Heating w/w 3.65 3.90 3.60 3.95 Air Filter Type Washable air filter Air Flow Rate (High/ Medium/ Low Speed) CFM 356 / 280 / 230 685 / 535 / 485 685 / 540 / 485 765 / 645 / 575 Indoor Noise Level (High/ Medium/ Low Speed) dBA 41 / 37 / 33 49 / 43 / 41 49 / 45 / 41 51 / 48 / 45 Net / Gross Weight Kg 8.7 / 11.1 13.5 / 17.1 13.8 / 17.4 20 / 25.9 Dimensions (W x D x H) mm 802 x 189 x 297 1080 x 226 x 335 1080 x 226 x 335 1259 x282 x362 Liquid inch 1/4" 3/8" Pipe Connection Size Suction inch 1/2" 5/8" Drain inch 5/8" HEAT PUMP Outdoor Unit Unit 38QHA012VS 38QHA018VS 38QHA024VS 38QHA030VS Power Supply V-Ph-Hz 220-240V- 50/60Hz, 1Ph Compressor Type DC Inverter Rotary Refrigerant R410a Vertical + mts 25 30 30 50 Horizontal Refrigerant Pipe (Max Length) Vertical mts (OU & IU) 10 20 20 25 Recommended Wire Size/No. -
Inverter Scroll Compressor Advantages
For Internal Training Inverter scroll compressor advantages Sales / Technical Guide Compressor Mechanism (Inverter and Digital comp.) Inverter Scroll Digital Scroll The Mechanism of Inverter Scroll The Mechanism of Digital Scroll Discharge gas PWM valve Radial compliant Discharge Fixed scroll mechanism Bleed hole Orbiting scroll Fixed scroll (spring loaded) Suction Crank shaft Pivot Bearing mechanism Orbiting scroll Mitsubishi Electric inverter scroll compressor adopts radial Digital scroll compressor adopts refrigerant bypass mecha- compliant mechanism which contributes high efficiency nism to control its capacity. Though it can work as inverter even at the low or high speed operation. This mechanism type in terms of operation range, the efficiency goes down has no clearance between orbiting and fixed scroll, which in light load. means excellent refrigerant seal and high COP. 1 Mechanism of Inverter Scroll Mechanism of Digital Scroll Radial compliant mechanism Wrap contact force Fixed Scroll F=Fc-Fr Wrap Fixed Scroll Wrap PWM valve on direction of Wrap Orbiting Scroll contact 100% unloaded Wrap Fc no compression Slider Parts Fg Scroll separates by 1mm Fgr Crank shaft Orbiting Scroll Wrap Fc : Centrifugal force of Scroll Wrap With digital scroll compressor, one of the scroll is lifted up Fg : Compressed gass load 1 to control the capacity with electric valve. In light load time Fgr : Compressed gass load 2 or period, the refrigerant leakage is too big to run efficient- ly. Electric valve is always being used and scroll parts vert- ically hit each other inside the shell. This means less reli- ability and shorter lifespan than inverter type. Mitsubishi Electric inverter compressor makes use of the centrifugal force with scroll rotation very well. -
Rebel® Commercial Packaged Rooftop Systems Heating & Cooling Models DPS 003 – 028 3 to 28 Tons R-410A Refrigerant Energy Recovery Wheel
Catalog 256-14 Rebel® Commercial Packaged Rooftop Systems Heating & Cooling Models DPS 003 – 028 3 to 28 Tons R-410A Refrigerant Energy Recovery Wheel 3–6 tons 7–15 tons Shown with Energy Recovery 16–28 tons Shown with Energy Recovery Table of Contents Table of Contents Introduction . 3 Application Considerations . 16 Features and Options . 4 Unit Location .......................................16 Cabinet, Casing, and Frame . 6 Service Clearance ...................................16 Compressor . .6 Curb Installation .....................................16 Outdoor Coil .........................................7 Acoustical Considerations ...............................22 Indoor Coil . 7 Ductwork Considerations ................................22 Heat Pump Heating ...................................7 Return Duct ........................................22 Modulating Hot Gas Reheat .............................8 Supply Duct . 22 Supply Fan ..........................................8 Duct High Limit ......................................22 Variable Air Volume Control .............................8 Vibration Isolation....................................22 Exhaust Fan .........................................8 Smoke and Fire Protection...............................23 Filters . 8 Variable Air Volume Application ...........................23 Heating Section ........................................9 Single Zone Variable Air Volume Application .................23 Gas Furnace.........................................9 Fan Operating Range...................................23 -
Inverter Compressor Technology
Maverick® II systems - now with inverter compressor technology Market-leading rooftop efficiency solutions Daikin Applied continues to provide Operate quietly market-leading efficiency solutions Inverter compressors provide superior reduction in by offering inverter compressors in sound levels: rooftop systems that include Rebel™ • Sound levels at part-load operation are very low (3-15 ton), RoofPak™ (16-75 ton), and • Irritating on/off compressor cycling is eliminated now - Maverick II (26-50 ton). Inverter compressors modulate, delivering only Outperform digital scrolls the required energy to satisfy space The energy efficiency of an inverter compressor is conditions, providing for exceptional far superior to that of a digital scroll compressor. temperature/humidity control and lower Digital scroll compressors have specific performance limitations that should not be overlooked when making operating costs. compressor selections: Lower operating costs • Digital scroll compressors always operate at full Inverter compressors will reduce your building’s operation speed and are less efficient at part-load applications costs by saving energy: • To try to match building load, digital scrolls require • Use only the required energy to exactly match more energy to load and unload the compressor in building load while minimizing over-cooling 5-20 second intervals • As digital scrolls load and unload, audible noise • Low speed operation reduces energy consumption; levels fluctuate noticeably soft start reduces energy needed for compressor in-rush power • Minimal compressor cycling saves energy (also eliminates DX coil condensate re-evaporation) Improve operation and comfort control The modulating capacity of an inverter compressor eliminates constant on-off cycling and continually maintains the desired leaving air temperature (LAT), resulting in: • Better dehumidification and comfort control • Extended compressor life via better expansion valve control and minimal cycling ©2014 Daikin Applied. -
Chofu Heat Pumps
Chofu Heat Pumps Latest heat pump technology Made in Japan for Central Heating New Zealand, Chofu air-to-water heat pumps are ideal for warm water underfloor heating as well as radiators and domestic hot water production. Featuring a remote programmable keypad for control of operation, this heat pump is proven in the New Zealand environment. An investment in your comfort For more than 50 years Chofu has dominated • 5-Year Warranty Japan’s domestic heating market becoming a household name synonymous with reliability and • Inverter Compressor quality. Chofu’s commitment to technological • Super Low Noise - 51 dB(A) innovation, renewable energy and conservation has secured the company’s position as Japan’s • Max Temp 60°C leading air-to-water heat pump manufacturer. • Min Ambient -20°C Unknowingly, you may already be taking • Environmentally friendly R32 advantage of Chofu’s expansive product offering. refrigerant gas For decades the company has been providing • 10% reduction in energy consumption complete white-label systems or componentry to international heating companies. 0800 357 1233 | [email protected] | centralheating.co.nz Page: 1 of 2 A recent change in strategic direction has seen Chofu take large steps into the global heating arena. No longer the backing singer, Chofu is R32 poised to take centre stage and its fair share of Refrigerant Gas the international limelight. Chofu’s air-to-water heat pumps are an investment in your comfort and health. If you are wanting heating technology which boasts higher efficiencies, lower operation costs and more eco-friendly features than traditional heating methods look no further than Chofu’s range.