WILD FLOWERS AND TREES ON ASHDOWN FOREST

The Ashdown Forest Flora was published in 1996 and stands as a complete record of the status of every higher plant growing on the Forest. However, as the Flora is no longer in print, below is included a comprehensive list (excluding some of the identified hybrids and aggregates) of the higher plants found in the Forest area (roughly, the area included within the ancient pale) The status of each plant is added as an indication of its rarity:

A = Abundant (most 1 km squares occupied) F = Frequent (approx. half of the squares occupied) O = Occasional (approx. one quarter of the squares occupied) S = Scattered (approx. a dozen of the squares occupied R = Rare (approx. one to three squares occupied)

(Botanical names have been used to avoid the confusion of common names)

Acer campestris O Acer platanoides O Acer pseudoplatanus A Achillea millefolium A Adoxa moschatellina R Aegopodium podagraria A Aesculus hippocastanum O Aethusa cynapium R Agrimonia eupatoria F Agrimonia procera R Agrostis canina A Agrostis capillaris A Agrostis gigantea F Agrostis stolonifera A Agrostis vineallis O Aira caryophyllea R Aira praecox F Ajuga reptans A Alcea rosea R Alchemilla mollis S Alisma plantago-aquatica S Alliaria petiolata F Allium paradoxum R Allium triquetrum R Allium ursinum S Alnus cordata R Alnus glutinosa A Alopecurus geniculatus S Alopecurus myosuroides R Alopecurus pratensis F Amelanchier lamarckii R Anacamptis pyramidalis R Anagallis arvensis O Anagallis minima R Anagallis tenella S Anemone nemorosa A Angelica sylvestris F Anthemis cotula R Anthoxanthum odoratum A Anthriscus sylvestris A Antirrhinum majus R Aphanes inexspectata S Apium nodiflorum R Aponogeton distachyos R Aquilegia vulgaris S Arabidopsis thaliana O Arctium lappa R Arctium minus O Arenaria serpyllifolia R Armoracia rusticana R Arrhenatherum elatius A Artemisia vulgaris O Arum italicum R Arum maculatum F Asplenium adiantum-nigrum R Asplenium ruta-muraria R Asplenium trichomanes R Aster R Athyrium filix-femina A Atriplex hastata F Atriplex patula F Avena sativa S Avena fatua R Ballota nigra R Barbarea inermedia R Barbarea vulgaris R Bellis perennis A Berberis thunbergii R Beta vulgaris Betula pendula A Betula pendula x pubescens R Betula pubescens A Bidens cernua R Blechnum spicant A Brachypodium sylvaticum F Borago officinalis R Brassica napus S Brassica rapa R Briza media S Bromopsis erecta R Bromus hordeaceus A Bromus ramosus S Bromus sterilis S Bryonica dioica R Buddleja davidii O Buxus sempervirens R Calla palustris R Callitriche hamulata S Callitriche obtusangula R Callitriche platycarpa R Callitriche stagnalis F Calluna vulgaris A Caltha palustris S Calystegia sepium F Calystegia silvatica S Campanula rotundifolia S Cannabis sativa R Capsella bursa-pastoris O Cardamine amara S Cardamine flexuosa A Cardamine hirsute F Cardamine x fringsii R Cardamine pratensis A Carduus crispus R Carex acutiformis R Carex binervis A Carex hirta O Carex caryophyllea O Carex curta R Carex demissa F Carex divulsa O Carex echinata F Carex flacca F Carex laevigata F Carex muricata R Carex nigra S Carex x boenninghausiana R Carex otrubae R Carex panicea F Carex ovalis A Carex pallescens S Carex paniculata R Carex pendula F Carex pilulifera A Carex pseudocyperus R Carex pulicaris R Carex remota F Carex riparia R Carex spicata R Carex sylvatica O Carex vesicaria S Carpinus betulus F Castanea sativa A Catapodium marinum R Catapodium rigidum R Centaurea cyanus R Centaurea montana R Centaurea nigra A Centaurium erythraea A Centaurium pulchellum R Centranthus ruber R Centunculus minimus Cerastium fontanum A Cerastium glomeratum A Ceratocapnus claviculata R Ceratochloa carinata R Ceratophyllum demersum R Ceterach officinarum R Chaenorhinum minus R Chamaecyparis lawsoniana S Chamaemelum nobile R Chamerion angustifolium A Chelidonium majus R Chenopodium album F Chenopodium ficifolium S Chenopodium polyspernum O Chenopodium rubrum O Chrysosplenium oppositifolium O Cicendia filiformis R Cichorium intybus R Circaea lutetiana A Cirsium arvense A Cirsium dissectum S Cirsium palustre A Cirsium vulgare A Clematis vitalba R Clinopodium vulgare S Conium maculatum R Conopodium majus A Convallaria majalis R Convolvulus arvensis O Cornus sanguinea S Cornus sericea R Coronopus didymus O Coronopus squamatus R Corydalis claviculata Corydalis lutea Corylus avellana A Cotoneaster spp. S Crassula helmsii R Crataegus laevigata S Crataegus monogyna A C. laevigata x monogyna S Crepis capillaris A Crepis vesicaria R Crocosmia x crocosmiiflora O Crocus vernus R Cruciata laevipes R Cuscuta epithymum O Cymbalaria muralis R Cynosurus cristatus F Cyperus longus R Cytisus scoparius A Dactylis glomerata A Dactylorhiza fuchsii F Dactylorhiza incarnata R Dactylorhiza maculata F Daphne laureola R Danthonia decumbens A Deschampsia cespitosa A Deschampsia flexuosa A Digitalis purpurea A Dipsacus fullonum S Drosera intermedia R Drosera rotundifolia O Dryopteris affinis A Dryopteris aemula R Dryopteris carthusiana F Dryopteris dilatata A Dryopteris filix-mas A Duchesnea indica R Eleocharis multicaulis O Eleocharis palustris S Eleogiton fluitans S Elodea canadensis R Elodea nuttallii R Elymus caninus R Elytrigia repens F Enkianthus R Epilobium obscurum F Epilobium ciliatum F Epilobium hirsutum F Epilobium lanceolatum R Epilobium montanum A Epilobium palustre R Epilobium parviflorum O Epilobium roseum R Epilobium tetragonum O Epipactis helleborine R Epipactis purpurata R Equisetum arvense F Equisetum fluviatile O Equisetum palustre S Erica cinerea A Erica tetralix A Erigeron canadensis R Eriophorum angustifolium O Erodium cicutarium R Erophila verna R Erysimum cheiranthoides R Euonymus europaeus S Eupatorium cannabinum O Euphorbia amygdaloides O Euphorbia helioscopia S Euphorbia lathyris R Euphorbia peplus O Euphrasia anglica S Euphrasia nemorosa O Euphrasia officinalis O Fagus sylvatica A Fallopia convulvulus Fallopia japonica F Fallopia x bohemica R Fallopia sachalinensis R Festuca arundinacea O Festuca filiformis F Festuca gigantea O Festuca lemanii R Festuca ovina A Festuca pratensis R Festuca rubra A Filago minima R Filipendula ulmaria S Filipendula vulgaris R Foeniculum vulgare R Forsythia x intermedia R Fragaria vesca O Frangula alnus A Fraxinus excelsior A Fumaria bastardii R Fumaria muralis R Galanthus nivalis S Galanthus nivalis x plicatus R Galeopsis bifida S Galeopsis tetrahit O Galium aparine A Galium mollugo S Galium odoratum R Galium palustre A Galium saxatile A Galium uliginosum R Galium verum O Gaudinia fragilis R Gaultheria shallon S Genista anglica F Genista tinctoria R Gentiana pneumonanthe S Gentianella Geranium dissectum F Geranium endressii R Geranium lucidum R Geranium molle S Geranium x oxonianum S Geranium robertianum A Geum urbanum A Glechoma hederacea A Glyceria declinata S Glyceria fluitans F Glyceria maxima R Glyceria notata R Gnaphalium uliginosum A Gunnera manicata R Gymnadenia conopsea R Hedera colchica R Hedera helix A Helictotrichon pubescens R Hesperis matronalis R Heracleum mantegazzianum R Heracleum sphondylium A Hieracium species A Hirschfeldia incana R Holcus lanatus A Holcus mollis A Hordeum murinum R Hordeum secalinum S Humulus lupulus O Hyacinthoides hispanica R Hyacinthoides hispanica x non-scripta S Hyacinthoides non-scripta A Hydrocotyle vulgaris F Hymenophyllum tunbrigense R Hypericum elodes R Hypericum calycinum R Hypericum humifusum A Hypericum pulchrum A Hypericum tetrapterum F Hypochaeris radicata A Ilex aquifolium A Impatiens glandulifera O Impatiens parviflora S Iris pseudacorus O Iris versicolor R Isolepis setacea S Juglans regia R Juncus acutiflorus A Juncus acutiflorus x articulatus S Juncus articulatus F Juncus bufonius A Juncus bulbosus A Juncus conglomeratus A Juncus effusus A Juncus inflexus S Juncus squarrosus F Juncus tenuis A Kerria japonica R Kickxia elatine R Kickxia spuria R Laburnum anagyroides R Lactuca serriola S Lagarosiphon major R Lamiastrum galeobdolon O Lamium album S Lamium purpureum O Lapsana communis A Larix decidua S Larix kaempferi R Larix x eurolepis R Lathyrus linifolius F Lathyrus latifolius R Lathyrus nissolia R Lathyrus pratensis A Laurus nobilis R Lemna minor S Lemna minuta R Lemna trisulca R Leontodon autumnalis A Leontodon hispidus R Leontodon taraxacoides F Lepidium sativum R Leucanthemum x superbum R Leucanthemum vulgare F Leycesteria formosa R Ligustrum ovalifolium R Ligustrum vulgare O Linaria purpurea S Linaria vulgaris R Linum catharticum O Linum usitatissimum R Listera ovata S Lobelia erinus R Lolium multiflorum S Lolium perenne A Lonicera nitida S Lonicera periclymenum A Lotus corniculatus A Lotus pedunculatus A Lotus uliginosus Lunaria annua R Lupinus x regalis R Luzula campestris A Luzula congesta O Luzula forsteri R Luzula multiflora A Luzula x borreri R Luzula pilosa F Luzula sylvatica S Lychnis chalcedonica R Lychnis flos-cuculi O Lycopodiella inundatum R Lycopus europaeus O Lysichiton americanus R Lysimachia nemorum A Lysimachia nummularia S Lysimachia punctata S Lysimachia vulgaris R Lythrum portula O Lythrum salicaria R Mahonia aquifolium R Malus domestica O Malus sylvestris F Malva moschata S Malva neglecta R Matricaria discoidea A Matricaria recutita O Meconopsis cambrica S Medicago arabica R Medicago lupulina F Medicago sativa R Melampyrum pratense F Melica uniflora O Melissa officinalis R Mentha aquatica F Mentha aquatica x arvensis R Mentha arvensis F Mentha requienii R Mentha spicata R Mentha x villosa R Menyanthes trifoliata S Mercurialis perennis S Milium effusum R Mimulus R Moehringia trinervia F Molinia caerulea A Montia fontana R Montia sibirica R Mycelis muralis S Myosotis arvensis F Myosotis discolor S Myosotis laxa R Myosotis repens S Myosotis scorpioides S Myosotis sylvatica O Myosoton aquaticum R Myriophyllum alterniflorum R Myriophyllum aquaticum R Myriophyllum spicatum R Narcissus poeticus S Narcissus pseudonarcissus S Nardus stricta F Narthecium ossifragum F Nasturtium officinale Neottia nidus-avis R Nuphar lutea R Nymphaea alba O Odontites vernus O Oenanthe crocata O Oenothera glazioviana S Onoclea sensibilis R Ophioglossum vulgatum S Orchis morio R Oreopteris limbosperma Origanum vulgare R Ornithopus perpusillus R Orobanche major R Osmunda regalis S Oxalis acetosella A Oxalis articulata R Oxalis corniculata R Oxalis exilis R Oxalis stricta R Papaver rhoeas R Papaver somniferum R Pastinaca sativa R Pedicularis sylvatica F Pentaglottis sempervirens R Pernettya mucronata R Persicaria amphibia R Persicaria amlexicaulis R Persicaria bistorta R Persicaria campanulata R Persicaria hydropiper A Persicaria lapathifolia S Persicaria maculosa A Petasites fragrans S Petasites hybridus R Petasites japonicus R Phalaris arundinacea S Phegopteris connectilis Phleum bertolonii O Phleum pratense A Phragmites australis R Phyllitis scolopendrium O Picris echioides S Pilosella aurantiaca R Pilosella officinarum F Picea abies S Pimpinella saxifraga O Pinus nigra R Pinus sylvestris A Plantago coronopus S Plantago lanceolata A Plantago major A Plantathera chlorantha R Poa annua A Poa nemoralis O Poa pratensis F Poa subcaerulea S Poa trivialis A Polygala serpyllifolia F Polygala vulgaris R Polygonatum multiflorum x odoratum Polygonatum x hybridum R Polygonum arenastrum F Polygonum aviculare A Polygonum convolvulus R Polygonum polystachyum R Polypodium interjectum S Polypodium vulgare S Polystichum aculeatum R Polystichum setiferum S Pontederia cordata R Populus alba R Populus x Canadensis S Populus x canescens R Populus tremula F Potamogeton berchtoldii R Potamogeton natans F Potamogeton polygonifolius S Potentilla anglica S Potentilla anserine A Potentilla erecta A Potentilla x mixta S Potentilla x suberecta R Potentilla recta R Potentilla reptans A Potentilla sterilis A Primula x polyantha R Primula veris S Primula vulgaris F Prunella vulgaris A Prunus avium A Prunus cerasifera R Prunus domestica O Prunus laurocerasus O Prunus lusitanica R Prunus persica R Prunus serotina R Prunus spinosa A Pseudofumaria lutea R Pseudosasa japonica R Pseudotsuga menziesii R Pteridium aquilinum A Pulicaria dysenterica A Pyrus pyraster R Quercus cerris S Quercus petraea R Quercus petraea x robur R Quercus robur A Quercus rubra R Quercus ilex R Ranunculus acris A Radiola linoides R Ranunculus bulbosus F Ranunculus ficaria A Ranunculus flammula A Ranunculus hirsutus R Ranunculus lingua R Ranunculus omiophyllus S Ranunculus peltatus S Ranunculus repens A Ranunculus scleratus R Raphanus raphanistrum R Reseda luteola R Rhinanthus minor R Rhododendron luteum S Rhododendron ponticum A Rhynchospora alba S Ribes nigrum O Ribes rubrum A Ribes sanguineum R Ribes uva-crispa O Robinia pseudacacia R Rorippa nasturtium-aquaticum R Rorippa x sterilis R Rorippa sylvestris R Rosa arvensis F Rosa canina A Rosa glauca R Rosa micrantha S Rosa multiflora R Rosa x dumetorum R Rosa x pseudorusticana R Rosa rubiginosa R Rosa stylosa R Rosa tormentosa S Rubus agg. A Rumex acetosa A Rumex acetosella A Rumex conglomeratus S Rumex crispus A Rumex x pratensis R Rumex obtusifolius A Rumex sanguineus A Ruscus auleatus R Sagina apetala O Sagina procumbens A Sagittaria latifolia R Salix alba R Salix aurita A Salix caprea A Salix cinerea A Salix fragilis O Salix repens F Sambucus nigra A Sanicula europaea O Saponaria officinalis R Sasa palmata R Sasaella ramosa R Schoenoplectus lacustris R Scirpus setaceus S Scirpus sylvaticus O Scrophularia auriculata F Scrophularia nodosa A Scutellaria galericulata R Scutellaria galericulata x minor O Scutellaria minor F Sedum album R Sedum spurium R Sedum telephium R Senecio jacobaea A Senecio aquaticus R Senecio cineraria R Senecio x albescens R Senecio erucifolius O Senecio squalidus R Senecio sylvaticus O Senecio viscosus S Senecio vulgaris F Serratula tinctoria O Sherardia arvensis R Sibthorpia europaea R Silaum silaus R Silene dioica O Silene latifolia R Silene vulgaris R Sinapsis alba R Sinapsis arvensis S Sison amomum R Sisymbrium officinale O Smyrnium olusatrum R Solanum dulcamara F Solanum nigrum S Soleirolia soleirolii S Solidago gigantean R Solidago virgaurea F Sonchus arvensis F Sonchus asper A Sonchus oleraceus F Sorbus aria R Sorbus aucuparia A Sorbus cuspidate R Sorbus intermedia R Sorbus torminalis R Sparganium emersum R Sparganium erectum O Spergula arvensis R Spergularia marina R Spergularia rubra R Spirea canescens R Spirea douglasii R Spirea psuedosalicifolia R Spiranthes spiralis R Spirodela polyrhiza R Stachys arvensis R Stachys byzantina R Stachys officinalis O Stachys palustris S Stachys sylvatica A Stellaria alsine Stellaria graminea A Stellaria holostea A Stellaria media A Stellaria uliginosa F Stratiotes aloides R Succisa pratensis A Symphoricarpos albus S Symphoricarpos x chenaultii R Symphytum x uplandicum R Symphytum officinale R Symphytum orientale R Symphytum tuberosum R Syringa vulgaris R Tamus communis F Tanacetum parthenium S Tanacetum vulgare R Taraxacum species A Teucrium scorodonia A Thelypteris limbosperma A Taxus baccata A Thelypteris palustris R Thelypteris phegopteris R Thlaspi arvense R Tellima grandiflora R Thuja plicata R Thymus pulegioides R Tilia x vulgaris R Tilia platyphyllos R Torilis japonica O Tragopogon pratensis S Trichophorum cespitosum F Trifolium campestre R Trifolium dubium A Trifolium hybridum R Trifolium medium O Trifolium micanthrum O Trifolium pratense A Trifolium repens A Tripleurospernum inodorum F Triticum aestivum R Trisetum flavescens R Tropaeolum majus R Tsuga heterophylla R Tussilago farfara F Typha latifolia O Ulex europaeus A Ulex gallii R Ulex minor A Ulmus glabra S Ulmus procera S Urtica dioica A Urtica urens R Vaccinium myrtillus A Valeriana dioica R Valeriana officinalis S Valerianella carinata R Valerianella locusta R Verbascum thapsus S Verbena officinalis R Veronica agrestis R Veronica arvensis O Veronica beccabunga O Veronica chamaedrys A Veronica filiformis F Veronica hederifolia O Veronica montana O Veronica officinalis F Veronica persica O Veronica polita R Veronica scutellata R Veronica serpyllifolia A Viburnum opulus F Viburnum rhytidiaphyllum R Vicia cacca A Vicia hirsuta R Vicia sativa F Vicia sepium O Vicia tetrasperma S Vinca major R Vinca minor S Viola arvensis R Viola palustris F Viola reichenbachiana R Viola reichenbachiana x riviniana S Viola riviniana A Vulpia bromoides O Vulpia myuros R Wahlenbergia hederacea