CAPITAL GAINS CLEAN AIR ACTION IN DELHI-NCR: WHAT NEXT? CAPITAL GAINS CLEAN AIR ACTION IN DELHI-NCR: WHAT NEXT? Authors: Anumita Roychowdhury, Atin Biswas, Avikal Somvanshi, Shambhavi Shukla, Shantanu Gupta, Shobhit Srivastava, Soundaram Ramanathan, Vivek Chattopadhyay, Sayan Roy and Anannya Das Editor: Akshat Jain Design: Ajit Bajaj Cover photo: Vikas Choudhary Layout: Kirpal Singh Production: Rakesh Shrivastava and Gundhar Das This report was made possible because of: The opinions expressed do not necessarily reflect the views of the supporters and funders, nor should they be attributed to them. The views/analysis expressed in this report/document do not necessarily reflect the views of Shakti Sustainable Energy Foundation. The Foundation also does not guarantee the accuracy of any data included in this publication nor does it accept any responsibility for the consequences of its use. © 2021 Centre for Science and Environment Material from this publication can be used, but with acknowledgement. Maps are not to scale. Citation: Anumita Roychowdhury et al 2021. Capital Gains: Clean Air Action in Delhi-NCR: What next?, Centre for Science and Environment, New Delhi Published by Centre for Science and Environment 41, Tughlakabad Institutional Area New Delhi 110 062 Phone: 91-11-40616000 Fax: 91-11-29955879 E-mail:
[email protected] Website: www.cseindia.org 4 CONTENTS Clean air in Delhi-NCR: Action so far. What next? 7 SECTION 1: Air quality targets and assessment 27 SECTION 2: Industry 50 SECTION 3: Power plants 71 SECTION 4: Vehicles and fuels 83 SECTION 5: Mobility 105 SECTION 6: Waste 128 SECTION 7: Crop fires 141 SECTION 8: Clean household energy 149 Way forward 151 References 153 5 Clean air in Delhi- NCR: Action so far.