january 1997 Quaker Thought FRIENDS and Life OURNAL Today

How WiU "Liberal" Q!Jakerism Face the 21st Century? The Spiritual journey of Isaac Penington, 1616-1679 Christian Peacemaker Teams: CaUed to FaithfUlness Editor-Manager Among Friends Vinton Deming Associate Editor Kenneth Sutton Assistant Editor Timothy Drake Resolutions Editorial Assistant Claudia Wair ith the start of a new year, it's that time again for making new Poetry Editor Judith Brown resolutions-<>r perhaps choosing an old one and trying again. I hear people resolving to do all sorts of things in the new year: making a Art Director W Barbara Benton commitment to lose weight, perhaps; learn a foreign language; resolve a bitter Production Assistant relationship, or establish a new one; plan for a special trip abroad; renew a Alia Podolsky commitment to work for peace; achieve a particular goal at work or school. Marketing and Advertising Manager Nagendran Gulendran As I reflect on the question for myself, a personal incident comes back to me, one Circulation Assistant I haven't thought of in quite a while. It occurred during a family outing a couple of Nicole Hackel years ago at the end of the summer. My children insisted that what they wanted to do Administrative Secretary as a final fling before schools reopened was go to an entertainment center-a glitzy Marianne De Lange place on the waterfront, where they could play video games, eat pizza, and enjoy the Bookkeeper Juliet Resos high-tech environment of computerized games and other things I don't understand. I Development Consultant dreaded the outing but tried to put on a brave front, much as I do when I go to the Henry Freeman dentist. Development Assistant The place was a madhouse of activity, and after about an hour I went outside with Pamela Nelson Volunteer a headache to sit on a step, breathe some fresh air, and passively observe the Robert Sutton sidewalk scene. An amazing mix of people were coming and going-families like Board of Managers my own, boaters from the adjacent harbor, and a number of well dressed Irwin Abrams (Clerk}, Jennie Allen, professionals heading for an expensive restaurant. I marveled at the mix and felt Lucinda Antrim, Paul Buckley, Susan Carnahan, Sue Carnell, Elizabeth Cazden, Barbara Coffin, relief that I was outside and away from the noise of arcade games and children. Phoebe Cottingham (Treasurer), John Farmer, Suddenly a young man, fairly well dressed compared to my faded jeans and old Deborah Fisch, Marty Grul'\dy, Ingrid Holcomb, Robert Kunkel, Mary Mangelsdorf, Judy Monroe, sneakers, came up to me and started a brief conversation. He made a few comments Caroline Balderston Parry (Recording Clerk), about how bad things were in the city and such-and then, before turning to walk Lisa Lewis Raymer, Margery Rubin, David Runkel, away, he leaned forward and dropped two quarters in the cup I was holding. Larry C. Spears, Larry D. Spears, Carolyn Sprogell (Assistant Clerk), Robert Sutton, Well, my wife had told me I should have dressed better, but the kids, in a big rush Carolyn Terrell, Wilmer Tjossem to go, had told me I looked fme, that the place wasn't dressy. But I never considered FRI ENDS JOURNAL (ISSN 0016-1 322) was established that I could pass as a homeless person! I felt a number of emotions-surprise, in 1955 as the successor to The Friend { 1827-1955) embarrassment, mild amusement, disbelief. (The Jack Benny in me quietly and Friends lntelligencer {1844-1955). 11 is associated with the Religious Society of Friends. appreciated the two coins, which I slipped into my pocket. After all, the young man • FRIENDS JouRNAL is published monthly by Friends would have been embarrassed if I had tried to give them back.) Publishing Corporation, I50 I Cherry St., Actually, the whole affair made a good story when I went back inside. (My wife Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497. Telephone {215) 241- threw away the old jeans the following week and encouraged me to buy new 7277. E-mail: [email protected]. Periodicals postage paid at Philadelphia, Pa., and additional sneakers.) mailing offices. Now, as I reconsider the incident, I realize it has forced me to look differently at • Subscriptions: one year S25, two years $45. Add the homeless people I pass on my way to work. It has made me look beneath the S6 per year for postage to countries outside the U.S., surface things like the poor clothes, dirty blankets, and occasional strange behaviors, Canada, and Mexico. Individual copies $2.25 each. • Information on and assistance with advertising is and try to see the human being. Sometimes, I admit, it isn't easy. At such moments I available on request. Appearance of any push myself to acknowledge that for many people there's a very thin line between advertisement does not imply endorsement by having their life pretty much together and losing it through a health crisis, loss of a FRIENDS JOU RNAL. job, or other personal setback. • Postmaster: send address changes to FRIENDS JouRNAL, 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, My resolution for the new year? To be more humble, more open to the human PA 19102-1497. connections, more willing to speak to the issues of our day as those earlier Quakers, • Copyright e 1997 by Friends Publishing Isaac Penington and others, felt led to do. Corporation. Reprints of articles available at nominal cost. Permission should be received before reprinting excerpts longer than 200 words. Available on microfilm from University Microfilms International. PRINTED ON RECYCLED PAPER

Moving? Let us update your subscription and address. FRIENDS JoURNAL, 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 Next Month in FRIENDs JoURNAL: (215) 241-7277; Fax (215) 568-1377 Cuba Revisited E-mail: [email protected] The Faith of Our Giving Down in the Dumps

2 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 FRIENDS Volume 43, No.1 JOURNAL

Features Departments

7 The Spiritual Joumey of Isaac Penington, 2 Among Friends 1616-1679 Marshall Sutton 4 Forum His words ofspiritual counsel benefited many first-generation 5 Viewpoint Friends. 20 CPT Notes 11 How Will "Liberal" Quakerism Face the 21st Century? 24 News of Friends Claudia Wair Can we look at our rich and passionate spiritual tradition in the 26 Bulletin Board context ofour world as it is today? 27 Calendar 13 Sigrid Helliesen Lund on Quakerism, 28 Reports Adapted t.rom Her Autobiography, Alltid Underveis 30 Books translated by Kathryn Parke Sigrid Lund's description ofinternationa l Quakerism is rooted 32 Milestones in her experience as a Norwegian Friend. 33 Classified 15 Jury Freedom and the Trial of Penn and Mead Samuel M. Koenigsberg The religious witness ofearly Friends set precedents in English Poetry judicial procedures. 6 The Mountain Stream (IW~~~~&[fij [F>~ijij~ @fi~~~£UVP00~b\lQ)(f: Margaret Hope Bacon W£rrt tritd fou" pr(f;acniog to an unlawful asS€mbly. Adoption Poem, in Honor of Gracie Susan Tripp Snider Idling Judith Liniado Snowplay Margo Waring

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FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 3 Forum

Experiences sought in need, are we being selective to further a Friend David Albert asks why our personal or political cause? While some find meetings don't attract minorities. I can't Friends may have already heard of the in the burnings evidence of racism and answer about attracting racial minorities; we exhibition, Stille Helfer ("Quiet Helpers"), should ask members of other races. I can currently touring various towns in Germany others symptoms of growing religious intolerance, can we not simply find evidence give an obvious answer for one group of (AFSC Notes, April 1996). It records of people in trouble, black and white, people, based on my work with our New Quaker relief work after the two World arsonists, homeless, racists, church York Yearly Meeting committee on Wars and also the help that was given to members, jobless, the discouraged, and the disability concerns. If we want people in people who were persecuted and had to flee deranged? Although rebuilding community wheelchairs to come to our meetings, we from Germany between the wars. is more difficult and complex than must build ramps and make our bathrooms In Austria we are planning a similar rebuilding a church, isn't that also our accessible! That's only the beginning, but exhibition to be held in the fall of 1997 to mission as Quakers? Are there not ways to it's a good start, which I'm proud to say was commemorate the 50th anniversary of the develop a legacy of involvement that results taken by Albany (N.Y.) Meeting and many awarding of the Nobel Peace Prize to AFSC in spiritual enrichment for ourselves, the others. What are the less obvious barriers for and FSC. The emphasis will be on relief communities affected by the church participation by people of other minorities? work and help to refugees in Austria. burnings, and those who have been Are there any Friends in the United Joe Levinger States or elsewhere who could share with us considered "the enemy without''? Rensselaer, N.Y. Beth Keiter their personal experiences of Quaker work Johnson City, Tenn. in Austria? We would be grateful to receive Vanessa Julye's article does make our stories, letters, photos, or anything else that agreeing at the FGC Gathering to cancel the we could use for our exhibition, which will On diversity Underground Railroad game sound a bit open in Vienna and then go on a tour of easier to arrive at than it felt to me at the David Albert (FJ October 1996) has time. At first, I felt responsible to defend the some of Ol!r major cities. accurately identified the reasons we do not Perhaps we can also look forward to Canadian Friends on the Junior Gathering attract others. This is an article that all of us welcoming you back to the scene of your staff who had done this simulation game interested in outreach and growth should be former labors in 1997. among Friends before and who wouldn't familiar with. As he points out, we lack the have, I was sure, if they saw any racist Irene Schuster and Sheila Spielhofer guideposts that are attractive, and for most message in it. But the perception of racism Hiickelstr. 31/4 small meetings there is no specific service by the Friends gathered with Vanessa was A1235 Vienna, Austria project in the community. So often we are very real, along with a feeling for a few not focused and just end up talking to moments that they saw me as an adversary, ourselves. I thank David Albert for a well­ not open to hearing their witness to the truth. Church rebuilding written presentation. At that point I found guidance through the In the presentation of Quakers' response Chris Pedersen "Opening of Hearts and Minds" process I to the burning of churches (FJ Sept. 1996), Birchrunville, Pa. had learned in a workshop with Bonnie no efforts at outreach to the larger Tinker. community surrounding the affected I loved reading the diversity of beliefs in We began to build trust and were able to churches or attempts to engage these people the three articles on diversity in the October move forward with a shared commitment to in rebuilding are described. Although the issue. Friend Bruce Bush asks, "do we bring the witness of these Friends of color to safety of workcamp volunteers is a freely, openly, and equally accept all people our children and families that night when we legitimate concern for organizers, it would as valid individuals in their own right, wrestled with the question. It was not easy seem that continued communication and regardless of their race, sexual orientation, for Friends to expose real personal hurts and involvement with the community, rather and so on?" I would like to answer "Yes," confess imperfections and insensitivities in than isolation, would provide a safer but I fear that I have many prejudices from worship with our children. After hearing atmosphere for workcamp participants, having spent 74 years in a prejudiced some of those children speak to the issues in church members, and ultimately the survival environment. I continue to learn about my that meeting for worship and the following and protection of the new churches that have prejudices and do my best, with help from day, I am sure that they gained more in been built. Media attention, which may itself God, to overcome them. insight and awareness than they could have be inflammatory, is hardly adequate Friend Vanessa Julye illustrates our lack from any historical simulation game. protection, nor is improvement in law of awareness, in telling us her reactions and Perhaps FRIENDS JouRNAL can help enforcement an answer every community actions on the proposed "Underground Friends to examine how we deal with racism needs. Railroad Game" at the Friends General and discrimination now. It is always a It is easier to engage forceS when there is Conference Gathering. The Friends who temptation to point out how (some) Friends a perceivable enemy, but Quakers have planned this game just didn't understand the contributed to the Underground Railroad or historically refused to pain still present the Civil Rights Movement in the past and label others in such a among African expect that to exempt us from the need to do manner. Are we Americans. They much about the racism still present in U.S. neglecting our became aware of this culture today and in our meetings. historical mission? The pain by learning from JouRNAL article refers ,Z Friend Vanessa. I Tom Farley only to 30 burned ~ think one of the main Redwood City, Calif. churches; one assumes ~ virtues of diversity is the author is singling ~ that we can learn from out only those that are each other. We still Lessening the stigma ~ predominantly black. o. have a lot of learning Rita Goldberger, by her openness and In ministering to those ~ to do! candidness about her relationship with 4 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL Viewpoint Quakerism and Casinos uaker tradition and gambling casi­ fine boardwalk hotel, that retains much of its The city had an attractively designed nos stand at opposite poles. Quak­ splendor. The gambling halls were window­ library with many readers. Nearby was a erism stands for honest earning less, isolating the clients from reality outside large public housing complex, well built. Qbased on honest effort. Casinos the building. Rows of customers, many eld­ But the rental units were half empty and stand for winnings--or losses-based on erly, repeatedly sank coins in slot machines, offered at reduced price, since prospective chance. although all knew that the odds were stacked tenants did not wish to live near a tough In its Faith and Practice, Britain Yearly sharply against them. area. Meeting advises Friends against acquir­ A constant grind, "Rnrr-m, Rnrr-m," fol­ On the way home from New Jersey to ing possessions through unethical specu­ lowed us along the aisles, into the restrooms, Massachusetts, we stopped at the most lation and games of chance. New England and up the gilded escalator to the dining room. profitable casino in the United States. Yearly Meeting quotes Britain, "The at­ The sound and atmosphere gave the impres­ Connecticut's Foxwoods is owned by the tempt to make a profit out of the inevitable sion of climbing through an immense slot Meshantucket Indian Tribe. The atmo­ loss and possible suffering of others is the machine. The restaurant was clean and attrac­ sphere inside and outside Foxwoods was antithesis of the love of one's neighbor on tive, the food well prepared. The dining room pleasanter than Atlantic City. But the gam­ which Jesus insisted." was an exception to other rooms in that it had bling rooms again were windowless. The I had that in mind when I visited Atlan­ large windows, looking upon the boardwalk sound track played a shrieking, oscillat­ tic City, N.J., and Foxwoods in eastern and the sea. ing, and pervasive noise. Again, many Connecticut last summer. As we drove The diners were silent. An elderly gentle­ garners were elderly. down the causeway toward Atlantic City, man at the next table sat alone, staring at his Three Connecticut State policemen told we were bombarded by billboards adver­ plate. I did not see him eat. Although our me they were opposed to the Foxwooods tising gambling halls. No other business waitress sought to be friendly, she was un­ establishment. It had introduced crime, or product was advertised. The Atlantic doubtedly ground by the "Rrrrr-m, Rnrr-m," prostitution, and huge traffic problems to City skyline was impressive in its row of seeping under the dining room door. an area that had been quietly rural and large casino buildings, stretching from The casino next door played the same semi-residential. Serious urban problems north to south. The largest building was tape-other casinos also had the Rm-m had moved to the Connecticut country­ the Taj Mahal, a tall, homely skyscraper sounds, with the same grinding, overpower­ side. that looked like a mammoth tombstone. ing sound. Although the security guards sought My study of the casino problem in the In the city, we drove through a low­ to be courteous, they were suspicious. A burly United States and abroad, during the past income African American neighborhood, female guard stood alert, then suddenly raced two years, convinces me that casinos and consisting of plain, red brick houses. We to the ladies room to attack a problem. gambling are contrary to Jesus' preach­ were trying to get to Hackney's Seafood Outside, people on the boardwalk looked ment and the Quaker way. My visits Restaurant near the inlet, which I used to grim, showing no holiday spirit. An Atlantic to Atlantic City and Foxwoods confirm enjoy. A postman told us that Hackney's City native explained, "The boardwalk people that concern. I suggest that Friends was long gone, as were other good, pri­ are grim because they have lost in the casi­ continue the Quaker tradition and oppose vately owned dining places. If we wished nos." On the avenues behind the casinos, casinos as harmful. a pleasant restaurant, we would have to go people appeared disorganized. Long rows of to a gambling house. pawn shops, flashing the word "GOLD," lined - T. Noel Stern We arrived at a large casino, once a Atlantic A venue. South Dartmouth, Mass.

Nancy Lewis (FJ Oct. 1996), has done a was totally amazed! Such power, such truth! planet besides marijuana. This is marvelous job of lessening the stigma of I see these truths every day of my life maddening. homosexuality. She has helped me (sentence) and it brought a tear ofjoy to my So, in a word, let me say that you're tremendously, and for that I thank her. eye to read such forthrightness. doing the right thing by publishing the Let us not, however, go overboard and These are things I've known for many article. equate their relationship to marriage. Rita years and have fought hard to bring about. Robert J. Riley and Nancy's relationship is undoubtedly on And I'm still fighting. Our courts are Lompoc, Calif. a higher plane than the average, and yet her polluted and corrupted by the nation's drug pride at their relationship being "completely laws and the media by not putting out the faithful to each other for 12 years" says it real truths. And, of course, our politicians clearly. In a Christian marriage this thought have a need to "posture." So until the people FRIENDS JouRNAL welcomes Forum con­ wouldn't occur. It is axiomatic that they will demand change from this madness there tributions. Please try to be brief so we be faithful for life. will be no change. We must instigate may include as many as possible. Limit Nelson Babb change. letters to 300 words, Viewpoint to 1,000 W. Suffield, Conn. The drug laws are wrong. We're turning words. Addresses are omitted to main­ our people into criminals and informants. tain the authors' privacy; those wishing I'm doing a life-without-parole sentence for to correspond directly with authors may Drug legalization not turning in everybody I know. In the send letters to FRIENDS JouRNAL to be Thanks so much for the beautifully federal prison system, I'm destined to die forwarded. Authors' names are not to be written article by Walter Wink (FJ Feb. here. I'm 44 years old. My crime was used for personal or organizational so­ 1996). Friends of mine sent it to me only conspiracy to distribute LSD-believe it or licitation. -Eds. recently or I would have responded sooner. I not, one of the most innocuous drugs on the

FRIENDS JOURNAL January ] 997 5 The Mountain Stream They that love beyond the World, cannot be separated by it. Death cannot kill what never dies. Nor can Spirits ever be divided that love and live in the same Divine Principle; the Root and Record oftheir Friendship. -William Penn Beneath its coverlet of ice The mountain stream still flows Leaping downward over rocks In rills and torrents gro~ . Hidden here beneath deep snow We hear its gurgling dimmed Below, it bursts into our sight, Black water, crystal rimmed. Deep in the earth, below the frost The never failing spring Feeds brook and pond and waterfall; The living waters sing. So are we also fed from depths within. Our spirits joined beyond all severing. -Margaret Hope Bacon Idling It is early winter; Snowplay Outside everything is sparse. What extra snowflake Adoption Poem, Our house is full and stirring; Does it take in Honor of Gracie I revel in this refuge. To snap the weighted branch? Welcome My son laughs as he I return to books and music, snowflakes fall, Shakes the snow down on To beading and sewing, each different, himself. To cooking and caretaking, transforming our world The tree sighs in relief. To the gathering of friends. with magic and beauty. -Margo Waring And looking out across the stark trees Well-come, Receding to some unknown place, by the grace of God, I turn within. this new child transforms our lives, This spell reminds me touches our hearts, Margaret Hope Bacon is a To taste each sip ofhot tea, member ofCe ntral brings us joy. To rock in a chair, Philadelphia (Pa.) Meeting. -Susan Tripp Snider To breathe more slowly. Susan Tripp Snider is a member ofCe lo (N. C.) To be grateful Meeting. That my time here is whole Judith Liniado lives in West Newton, Mass. And nothing less. Margo Waring is a member -Judith Liniado of Juneau (Alaska) Meeting.

6 January J997 fRIENDS JOURNAL The Spiritwl ]uurney of

by Marshall Sutton

saac Penington was born in London (a things of God, such thick darkness, such uni­ knowledge of the truth: they were there city of about half a million then) eight versal shame, such dreadful shatterings, have and others of his family." Iyears after Milton and eight years be­ so apparently overtaken us. Not only our Isaac comments about his feelings: fore George Fox. His father, Sir Isaac superstruction, but our very foundation is shaken. And I cannot but say that the Lord was good Penington, a Puritan and Lord Mayor of unto me, did visit me, did teach me, did help London following the execution of In his wanderings he joined an inde­ me, did testify his acceptance of me many Charles I, was a political force to be reck­ pendent congregation. He writes: times, to the refreshing and joy of my heart oned with at this time.· Isaac studied at before him. Cambridge University. He was a writer. At that time when I was broken and dashed to But my soul was not satisfied with what I He did not choose to enter doors of op­ pieces in my religion, I was in a Congrega­ met with, nor indeed could be, there being tional way but soon parted with them, yet in further quickenings and pressings in my spirit, portunity open to him. He was an articu­ great love relating to them how the hand of late seeker caught up in the crosscurrents after a more full, certain, and satisfactory the Lord was upon me, and how I was smitten knowledge; even after the sense, sight, and of the Puritan revolution in England. In in the inward part of my religion, and could enjoyment of God, as was testified in the his heart he was a solitary, a gentle spirit. not now hold up an outward form of that scriptures to have been felt and enjoyed in the Later in life he says about his childhood: which I inwardly wanted, having lost my God, former times. my Christ, my faith, my knowledge, life, my I was acquainted with a spring oflife from my On another occasion with Friends in childhood, which enlightened me in my ten­ all. the area he comments: der years and pointed my heart towards the uring this wilderness experience Lord, begetting true sense in me, and faith, he met Mary Springett from Kent, Yea, the more I conversed with them, the and hope, and love, and humility, and meek­ then living in London, a widow more I seemed in my understanding and rea­ ness. D with her daughter Gulielma. Her mar­ son to get over them, and to trample them under my feet, as a poor, weak, silly, con­ His university education and his privi­ riage ended abruptly when her young hus­ temptible generation, who had some smatter­ leged background proved not to be an band died while an officer in Cromwell's ings ofTruth in them and some honest desires anchor for his soul. During the war be­ army. She and Isaac both shared the same toward God; but very far off from the clear tween the King and Parliament, authority yearnings of the spirit; they married in and full understanding of his way and will. was challenged in established religious 1654 and moved to Chalfont St. Peters in For though the Lord had reached the pure and political institutions on all levels. Isaac Buckinghamshire, some 12 miles north Seed of life in men, and had quickened my was keenly sensitive to what WaS going of London. Friends such as Fox, soul thereby; Yet I knew not how to turn to the on all about him: war, suffering in the Hubberthorn, Burroughs, and Nayler were Seed, and abide in the Seed, and to hold my streets of London as the wounded arrived meeting with seekers in the area. knowledge and life there; but was still striv­ in carts, the l!lultiplication of sects, free It was here one bright day, while Isaac ing to live and know (and comprehend and practice) in a part above the Seed, and there and Mary were walking in a park, that a spirits, Ranters. the enemy was still too hard for me, and did A person of his sensitivities would be Quaker on horseback passed and blurted often deprive me ofthe benefit of the right use aware of the influx into London from the out a comment about their fancy attire, of what the Lord had wrought in me and continent of persons who had fled En­ which drew out a censoring comment freely bestowed upon me. gland during the strict rule of Charles I. from Mary Penington, whereupon the He knew despair as reflected in his own horseman turned. There occurred a brief It was not until the large general meet­ words: conversation in which Isaac engaged the ing at John Crook's in May 1658 that Quaker in a searching discourse. the out­ Penington became deeply reached and If ever there was a time for tears without, and publicly identified with Friends, and it grief of spirit within,, this seems the season: come was an invitation to come and speak with two Friends visiting the area: Thomas was no doubt the powerful ministry of when after such an expectation of Light and George Fox himself that sealed his Glory of settlement and Establishment in the Curtis and William Simpson. Isaac and Mary's spirits were reached by this en­ convincement. Mary and their daughter counter. We know that the Peningtons Guli were also convinced. George Fox Marshall Sutton is a member of Gunpowder said on this occasion: (Md.) Meeting, where he is a member of had several other occasions with Friends Ministry and Oversight Committee. He has and met with them in their home. . .. that which Friends speak, they must live served as general secretary of Baltimore Hubberthorne made this observation: in; so may they expect that others may come Yearly Meeting. "Isaac Penington and his wife grow in the into that which they speak, to live in the same.

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 7 Then the water oflife cometh in; then he that I have read His nature, His love, His com­ It was at a meeting for worship at the ministreth, drinketh himself, and giveth oth­ passion, His tenderness, which have melted, Grange in Chalfont St. Peters that soldiers ers to drink. overcome, and changed my heart. And also I burst in and arrested part of the group Isaac Penington describes this turning know very well and distinctly in spirit where including Isaac. They were taken to the doubts and disputes are, and where the Aylesbury jail. This first imprisonment experience: certainty and full assurance is, and, in the tender mercy of the Lord, am preserved out of lasted 17 weeks in the middle of winter. I felt the dead quickened, the seed raised in so the one, and in the other. He was held in a malt house with no much that my heart (in the certainty of light chimney. About this time a very severe and clearness of true sense) said: this is He, saac Penington was a man of 41 or 42 law was made, specially against Friends. this is He. There is no other. This is He whom and a practiced author when he and The penalty, enacted by this law, on as­ I have waited for and sought from my child­ Mary joined with Friends. Their home sembling for the purpose ofreligious w9r­ hood, who was always near me and often I begotten life in my heart. But I knew him not was a place of meeting for worship twice ship in a number exceeding four was five distinctly, nor how to receive him or dwell in a week and a general meeting once a pounds for the first offense, ten pounds him. And then in this sense (in the melting month. for the second offense, and banishment and breathings of the spirit) was I given up to It was only two years after their from England for the third offense. Friends the Lord to become his, both in waiting for the convincement that the persecutions be­ did not pay fmes, so they were impris­ further revealing of his seed in me and to gan during the reign of Charles II. Isaac oned-over 4,000 of them in this period. serve him in the life and power of the seed.... would serve six prison terms for a total of His second imprisonment was in 1664 Again [my heart] cries out: I have met with nearly five years of confinement, during when he was taken out of a meeting and my God, I have met with my Savio:ur; and he which his property was confiscated and sent to Aylesbury jail again for 17-18 hath not been present with me without his the family moved to the Bury Farm near weeks. Friends did not meet in secret. salvation. But I have felt the healing drop upon my soul from under his wings. I have Arnersham. Their family now numbered His third imprisonment was in 1665 met with the true knowledge, the knowledge five. William Penn, whose ancestral home when he was picked up with others on a of life ... which my soul hath rejoiced in, was near Arnersham, was a frequent visi­ street in Arnersham, as Isaac and his in the presence of the Lord I have met the tor. He looked upon Isaac as a father, and friends were carrying the body of a de­ seed's Father, in the seed I have felt him my indeed he was, on the occasion of Penn's ceased Friend to the grave. They were not Father.... marriage to Guli. assembled for worship. Because it was a

I have come to know Isaac Penington To: Bridget Atley, 1665 reasonings of thy mind, but dwell in the from his letters. Letters have a way of But thou must join in with the feeling sense of life; and then that will drawing out spiritual counselfrom the beginnings of life, and be exercised with arise in thee more and more, which the day of small things, before thou maketh truly wise, and gives power, and writer, especially letters written in a meet with the great things, wherein is brings into the holy authority and time of spiritual awakening and the clearness and satisfaction of the soul. dominion of life .... Prize inward change. Most ofthese letters, written in The rest is at noon-day; but the travels exercises, griefs, and troubles, and let the decade 1660-1670 when begin at the breakings of day, wherein faith and patience have their perfect Penington spent close to five years in are but glirnmerings, or little light, work in them. confinement, reveal sensitive discern­ wherein the discovery of good and evil is not so manifest and certain; yet there To One under Divine Visitation, n. d. ment ofthe inner spiritualjourney ofa must the traveler begin and travel; and Oh! Look not after great things: small meeting, afriend, or an inquirer. They in his faithful travels (in much fear and breathings, small desires after the Lord, display compassion, heart knowledge trembling, lest he should err), the light if true and pure, are the sweet born ofhis own inner struggles. They will break in upon him more and more. beginnings oflife. Take heed of are letters of spiritual nurture. Ex­ despising the day of small things by To: Dulcibella Laiton, 1677 looking after some great visitation, cerpts and the letters in full have been There is a pure seed of life which proportionable to thy distress, according published from time to time, most re­ God hath sown in thee: oh that it might to thy eye. Nay, thou must become a cently in the reprinting of his Works in come through, and come over all that is child, thou must lose thy own will quite four volumes, three ofwhich are now above it, and contrary to it! And for that by degrees. Thou must wait for life to be in bookstores. end wait daily to feel it, and to feel thy measured out by the Father, and be mind subdued by it, and joined to it. content with what proportion, and at Take heed oflooking out, in the what time, he shall please to measure.

8 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL Saturday when the incident occurred and the jail was at a Isaac and Mary distance of 14 miles, the Con­ Penington were stable permitted the prisoners convinced by to go home on parole to meet encounters with him at Amersham on Second Friends in their Day morning. (This reflected homes and on confidence in the word of the street. Friends, which was not un­ common). The jailer was not at home when they arrived on Second Day. When the jailer returned he sought lodging for Isaac Penington and his five friends in the town. They re­ fused to pay fines but the jus­ tice detained them only for a month. (The justice had the power to lessen both the fme and the term of imprisonment previous to banishment.) Isaac at this time was in danger of being expelled from England. Banishment was not always enforced. In this ins~ce Isaac v.o. Continued on next page

Oh! Be little, be little, and then thou Saviour; indeed, it is not so in God's that his seed's grace may grow up in thee wilt be content with little and if thou feel sight; for we own Christ to be a Saviour; more and more, and thou mayst daily feel now and then a check or a secret but we lay the main stress upon the life, thy heart as a garden, more and more smitting, in that is the Father's love; be which took upon it the manhood. And enclosed, dressed, and delighted in by not over wise, nor over eager in thy own that life, wherever it appears, is of a him. · willing, running, and desiring, and thou saving nature. This is a salutation oflove from thy mayst feel it so; and by degrees come to friend in the truth, which lives and the knowledge of thy Guide, who will To S. W., 27th of12 Month, 1678 changes not. lead thee step by step in the path of life, Oh!, my Friend, there is an ingrafting and teach thee to follow, and in his own into Christ, a being formed and new ToM Hiorns, 1679 season powerfully judge that which created in Christ, a living and abiding in Now, this advice ariseth in my heart, cannot nor will not follow. Be still, and him, and a growing aJ?.d bringing forth Oh! keep cool and low before the Lord, wait for light and strength, and desire fruit through him unto perfection. Oh, that the seed, the pure, living seed, may not to know or comprehend but to be mayst thou experience all these things, spring more and more in thee, and thy known and comprehended in the love and, that thou mayst so do, wait to know heart be united more and more to the and life, which seeks out, gathers, and life, the springings of life, the Lord therein. Coolness of spirit is a preserves the lost sheep. separations of life inwardly from all that precious frame; and the glory of the Lord evil which hangs about it, and would be most shines therein, in its own lustre and To a Friend, n. d. springing up and mixing with it, un

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 9 Penington avoided being confined again cost him his life. In this case he was Guli went to live with Friends in Bristol. by civil authorities. ·released because a relation of his wife They moved to the Bury Farm and later The fourth detention was in the same removed him to another jurisdiction where bought and renovated a farmhouse, year about a month after his release. A his release was obtained in 1668. While Woodside, from monies Mary obtained soldier came to the house without a war­ interned for this second time by the Earl, as rents from property in Kent. rant and asked Isaac to report to Philip Isaac wrote a long letter to him. A short At this time ( 1670) a law was in force Palmer, a deputy lieutenant of Bucks excerpt shows his tenderness toward the aimed at Friends called the Conventicle County. He was put back in Aylesbury Earl: Act. There were to be no meetings of jail. His internment was by order of the If I should give thee honors and titles, might I Friends in homes. The fmesimposed were Earl ofBridgewater. It was suspected that not do thee hurt? 0 come down, be low in thy harsh and informers aided the authorities the dreaded disease, the plague, had af­ spirit before the Lord, honor him in thy heart in enforcing the law. Bucks County fected a prisoner in the jail. The Earl was and ways, and wait for the true nobility and Friends took action against informers and urged by friends to put Isaac in a nearby honor from him.... I am thy friend in these were relatively free from arrests, but the house. The Earl refused but the jailer's things, and have written as a true lover and jail in Reading was full of Friends. Isaac wife arranged for Isaac to be taken to a desirer of the welfare of thy soul. went to visit these Friends in Reading and house in which he was shut up for about saac lay in prison in rooms so damp as a result served his sixth term in jail. six weeks before he was taken back to the and unhealthy that he was disabled for This last imprisonment lasted nine months. jail. His total confinement was for nine I several months. It was during these confmements that months. It was at this time that Isaac and Mary he carried on a correspondence with his His fifth confmement occurred when lost their home at the Grange. It was home meeting at the Grange and Friends he had been home about three weeks. A confiscated by the courts due to proce­ in the vicinity of Amersham where the party of soldiers from the said Philip dures in which they could not testify be­ family retreated after they lost their base Palmer (by order of the Earl) came to his cause of their refusal to take an oath. at the Grange. Isaac Penington enjoyed a home and seized him in bed and carried Their testimony, therefore, was not ac­ quieter life writing and attending meet­ him away to Aylesbury jail without cause, cepted. Before his release the family was ings in the area until his death in 1679 where he remained a year and a half broken up. Mary went to stay near Isaac while visiting in Kent with Mary before he was released. It very nearly where he was interned. Their daughter Penington. r:J

Lord (by his own Spirit and in the virtue To the Friends at Chalfont, what he would have any of you, or of his own life), that which he pleaseth in Buckingham Shire, 1667 every one of you, do. to bestow on me. And, I have no faith, Oh! Keep out of that wisdom, which no love, no hope, no peace, no joy, no knoweth not the thing; for that is it, To Friends ofTruth in and about ability to any thing, no refreshment in which also stumbles about the names. the two Cha/fonts, 1666 any thing, but as I find his living breath But keep to the principle of life, keep to And this is my present cry unto you. beginning, his living breath continuing, the seed of the kingdom, feed on that Oh that ye might feel the breath of life, his living breath answering, and which was from the beginning.... The that life which at first quickened you, performing what it calls for. So that I am Lord hath advanced you to that and which still quickeneth! and that become exceeding poor and miserable, ministration of life and power, wherein breath of life has power over death; and save in what the Lord pleaseth to be to things are known above and beyond being felt by you, will bow down death me by his own free grace. names; wherein the life is revealed and in you, and ye will feel the seed lifting There is a pure seed of life which felt, beyond what words can utter. Oh! up its head over that which oppresseth God hath sown in thee ... . Oh, wait dwell in your habitations; which is pure, it. Why should the royal birth be a daily to feel it. Oh, wait to feel the Seed, living, spiritual, and will cause your captive in any of you? and the cry of thy soul in the breathing souls and spirits more and more to live life of the Seed, to its Father ... and in and to God, as yet eat and drink To a Parent wait for the risings of the power in the thereof. Dear Friend, 1665 heart .... Be still and quiet, and silent Breath unto the Lord, that thy heart before the Lord, not putting up any To the Women Friends that met at may be single, thy judgment set straight request to the Father nor cherishing any Armscot in Worcestershire, 1678 by his principle of life in thee, and thy desire in thee, but in the Seed's lowly There is that near you, which will children guided to, and brought up in, nature and purely springing life. guide you; Oh! wait for it, and be sure the sense of the same principle. As for Ye must come out of your ye keep to it; that, being innocent and praying, they will not need to be taught knowledge, into the feeling of an inward faithful, in following the Lord in the that outwardly; but, if a true sense be principle of life, if ever ye be restored to leadings of his power, his power may kindled in them, though ever so young, the true unity with God, and to the true plead your cause in the hearts of all his from that sense will arise breathings to enjoyment of him again. Ye must come tender people hereabouts; and they may Him that begat it, suitable to their state, out of the knowledge and wisdom ye see and acknowledge that your meetings which will cause growth and increase of .have gathered from the Scriptures, into a are of God. Be not hasty, either in that sense and life in them. feeling of the things there written of, as conceiving anything ye are to do; but it pleaseth the Lord to open and reveal feel him by his Spirit and life going them in the hidden man of the heart. along with you, and leading you into LP.

10 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL How Will "Liberal" Quakerism Face the 21 st Century? by Claudia Wair

y search for a new spiritual home Catholic and Bud­ What is our role as was at first difficult, but the sim­ dhist works than Mplicity, generosity, honesty, and Quaker or biblical a religious society? spiritual convictions of the Quakers I read works. This led me Do we give the about in Alex Haley's book, A Different to feel that my newly ~ Kind ofChri stmas, convinced me to seek chosen community ~ Inward Light the the Religious Society of Friends. At the was lacking some- ~ time I wasn't sure about what I was get­ thing essential. ~ room to help us ting myself into, but I was ready to learn. As I began par- ~ determine that role? Seven years later and now a member of ticipating in the the Society, I am still learning. The atmo­ larger Quaker community through my sages, and the testimonies but the silence sphere in my first meeting for worship yearly meeting and the American Friends itself, the thought that goes into some seemed spirit-filled, Service Committee, my messages, and the social action that de­ warm, welcoming, safe, discomfort grew. The si­ rives from our testimonies. home. At first the si­ lence of worship felt more Without that "Source" whom Quakers lence comforted me, the full ofgood will than God's originally equated with Christ, who are messages focused me. will, though some may ar­ we? I fear merely do-gooders without Now the silence chal­ gue that the two are inter­ direction or inspiration; people meditat­ lenges me to listen, the changeable. Committee ing on things of the self, not seekers wait­ messages teach me, and meetings and training ses­ ing on the "Lord"; empty vessels expect­ I know that what hap­ sions seemed full of busi­ ing to be filled, but unable to let that pens in meeting for ness and empty of spirit. worship is not all there Time at Pendle Hill has is to Quakerism. given me great insight to As I became more ~ my discomfort. The read­ involved in my monthly ~ ings and discussions in and meeting, I noticed a ~ out of class have shown lack of basic knowl- ~ me that I am not alone in edge about the Bible my concerns, and that the and Christianity, although most Friends I hopes and fears I have for the future of -.:; know identified themselves as Christians. the Religious Society of Friends, particu- :S The study groups I joined read more larly for the liberal branch, are shared by ~ others. It both dismays and heartens me to ~ know that my spiritual ancestors had many of the same hopes and fears: In our goals which fills us do its work. I think many with regard to our social testimonies, Friends have lost the spirit-inspired sense where does the Inward Spirit fit in? Do of living in the world, thereby losing the Friends let the Light lead us, or do we ability to act effectively in it. assume we are doing God's will? As we Many Friends focus on the testimony sit in meeting for worship, are we truly of simplicity and struggle with it, won­ waiting on the Lord, or are we waiting for dering if simplicity means getting rid of the hour to be over? Do we wait the "stuff' we've accu­ in silence to hear the still, small mulated from the world: voice, or do we worship the si­ stereos, second cars, etc. lence itself, irritated when ames­ Friends, in a sincere at­ sage breaks that silence? And tempt to do what's right, finally, are all who sit in meet­ seem to lose sight of the Claudia Wair, a member of Langley Hill (Va.) ing for worship really Quakers? § testimony of harmony, Meeting, is the FRIENDS JouRNAL editorial as­ Who is to say they aren't? ~ which I believe is essen­ sistant. She recently completed a year as a I worry that modem "liberal" ~ tial to "getting things student at Pend/e Hill in Wallingford, Pa. Friends tend to worship not the ~ done" in the manner of ©1996 Claudia Wair source of the silence, the mes- C:S Friends. I also sense that

F RIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 ll modem Friends seem to think we've got­ growth as what is found in my own West­ ten "equality" down pat and no longer em tradition. Other "universalist" Quak­ Fundraising Consulting for query themselves on their everyday ac­ ers I have met, though, seem to believe Educational Institutions and tions with regard to race, gender, sexual that the term defines Quakers who simply Nonprofit Organizations preferences, age, disability, etc. I have don't accept Christ as their example, but Currently serving Midwest, found, as a Black Quaker, that many believe in the social testimonies of Southeast and East Coast clients Friends focus on ''political correctness" Quakerism. I don't know if accepting the Henry Freeman Consulting rather than true equality-focusing on rational without the spiritual aspects of 713 S.W. 15th Street, Richmond, Indiana 47374 the language rather than the substance of Quakers can make a happy or effective 1-800-707-1920 the testimony. The peace testimony has member of the Religious Society of attracted many people to Quakerism, but Friends. I fear that agreeing with a particular testi­ I see a need for guidance in Quaker­ CREMATION mony does not necessarily make one a ism. We used to have "eldering" when a Friends are reminded thai the Anna T. Jeanes Fund Quaker. message seemed from the self rather than will reimburse cremation costs. I think that, for the most part, Friends Spirit-inspired. I think that the notion that (Applicable to members of have changed their understanding of the "anything goes" in meeting for worship Philadelphia Yearly Meeting only.) basis of the testimonies. Many people has taken hold. Some people confuse "per­ For Information, write or telephone seem to take them for granted, that Quak­ sonal experience" with "personal experi­ SANDY BATES 5350 Knox Scr.. c ers have had many of these testimonies ence ofGod" and share stories rather than PhUadtlpbla, PA 19144 for centuries, therefore we must have them share ministry. right. But change, in the positive sense, I put even more questions to you: does not seem to have occurred with much Should there be adult education in our JOURNEY'S END FARM CAMP frequency; do we look at our world as it is yearly and monthly meetings? Perhaps is a farm devoted to children for sessions of (not as it was 350 years ago, and not as it even (dare I say it) Bible study? At least a two to eight weeks each summer. Farm ani­ basic history of the Religious Society of mals, gardenin~, nature, ceramics, shop. Non­ should be) and reexamine our testimonies violence, simplicity, reverence for nature are to see if Friends are truly living out these Friends? Should applicants to the Society emphasized In our program centered in the have some required reading or classes on life of a Quaker farm family. For thirty-two testimonies and to determine if the times boys and girls, 7-12 years. Welcome all races. require positive changes to our outlook Quakerism before their applications are Apply in December-.January. and actions as Quakers? What is our role considered? CARL & KRISTIN CURTIS in the world as a religious society, espe­ I would have applied for membership Box 136, Newfoundland, PA 18445 Phone: (717) 689-3911; 0604 cially as we enter the 21st century? And earlier and been a more active member do we give the Inward Light the room to had such options been available to me. I help us determine that role? don't think it fair to assume that atten­ Before leaving my old church I felt dance at one meeting for business and a that the historical Christ (as far as one is potluck or two prepares people for mem­ able to know the historical Christ) was a bership in the Religious Society ofFriends. far better example of right living than the I think it reasonable that we try to under­ stories of miracles, virgin birth, resurrec­ stand what people are looking for as they tion, atonement, and so forth. I try to live enter our community before we offer my life following Christ's example-and membership. I do not propose that we though I stop short of calling Jesus divine stop welcoming these seekers to our meet­ (I still think God is our only divinity), I ings. But I do suggest that we, the monthly consider myself a Christian, as did the meeting and the prospective member, early Quakers. should take far more care when entering In many meetings there is a distinct the meeting for clearness for member­ sense of reservation when it comes to ship. using "Christocentric" or even God-based It is my hope that Friends of the liberal language. This frustrates me, because I tradition will reclaim the rich and pas­ came to Friends with the assumption that, sionate legacy of our spiritual ancestors. ince 1851 Quakerdale has since it started out as a Christian religion, That with the Spirit's guidance we will blended history, vision and Christian values to strengthen it still was. Though I understand the diffi­ act effectively in our communities and in youth and their fam ilies. culty many may have with their former the wider world. That we reexamine the Treatment services encourage churches' misuse of the Bible, I find it foundation of our faith, scripture, without positive change for teens i!lli!. equally difficult to be a Christian without allowing the baggage of the past to taint thei r fam ilies, empowering them feeling able to talk freely about God and its essential teachings. That we remem­ co face the future with hope. Christ. ber that "Christ has come to teach his For informacion on how you can help build Quakerdale's I had always defined "universalism" people himself' and not to assume we endowment for the 21st century as accepting the traditions and/or works know all there is to learn. That we look call or write: of other religions as just as valid as Quak­ ahead to the next century not as a society Donna Lawler, erism. I, though I call myself a Christian, of friends, doing the work of many exist­ Director of Development (Phone 515-497-5294) believe that many ofMuhammad's words, ing secular organizations, but as· the Re­ the Buddha's teachings, and Jewish prac­ ligious Society of Friends, putting our Box 8 New Providence, lA 50206 tices are as helpful to me in my spiritual faith into practice. D

12 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL Sigrid Helliesen Lund ON QUAKERISM adapted from her autobiography, Alltid Underveis

translated by Kathryn Parke

Sigrid Helliesen Lund (1892-1987) chored in a faith received either through never to be satisfied, always to be moving was a Norwegian who joined Friends at written tradition or through other people. boundaries farther out somewhere." age 55, after having worked in the under­ They may feel secure, often happy and This "seeking" is built upon experi­ ground during the German occupation to confident-though sometimes perhaps a ence and practice-the experience that rescue Jewish children and aid refugees, little self-righteous, tending to judge there are powers outside our ability to always using pacifist principles. She be­ people who think differently. understand. As suitable words cannot be came an international leader in Quaker Others think they don't need religion found for this experience, Quakers have affairs, first with the Quaker team at the at all. They too may feel secure- though chosen not to formulate a concrete creed. United Nations and later as executive perhaps less joyful-yet they too are of­ There are Quakers who would like to secretary ofthe Europe Section, Friends ten judgemental, even condemnatory, to­ anchor themselves more definitely. And World Committee for Consultation. In her ward people with different conviction. we must admit that when one talks with autobiography, published in Norwegian Then there are the seekers, and I would outsiders, it is often hard to explain our in 1982, she discussed what Quakerism say that Quakers belong in that category. lack of firm statements. meant to her. A search for something more-new truths, Yet, short of a definite creed, certain new understandings- runs through the ways ofthinking are common for all Quak­ whole of Quaker history. In the preface to ers. We believe in a Power, Spiritual, here is a tendency to divide hu­ her book Form and Radiance, the Swed­ Divine. We believe that this Power is mankind into categories-those ish Quaker Emilia Fogelklou Norling says: found in all people. We speak of"that of T who live in the north or the south, "To Pascal's words, 'You would not seek God" in everyone and feel that it is our white or black, rich or poor, etc. Still, me ifyou had not found me,' I would add: task to advance this by our lives and our when I think about my relationship to You have not found me, if you do not work an9 to be helpful especially to oth­ Quakerism, I wonder if one can't also seek me again and again." Essential in ers who seek the same values. group people according to their religious Quakerism is the search for the meaning Yet myriad views are accommodated needs.... of life, for an understanding of co-exist­ within the Religious Society of Friends, There are those who are firmly an- ence with other people, for a deeper view especially in connection with the dogmas of what god-like powers are in control. upon which more traditional churches Kathryn Parke, a member ofAsheville (N.C.) Quakers would agree with Nordahl build. Meeting, is the translator ofthe as-yet-unpub­ Grieg's saying, "The one who has left the Often I am asked whether Quakers are lished English version ofLund 's autobiogra­ horizon's eternally receding circle has Christian. How does one define "Chris­ phy, Always On the Way. understood the essence of freedom- tian?" "The Religious Society ofFriends"

.::~ ""'~ " :~::: !:: !:: <3 ..., -~"' "J {:l Sigrid Helliesen Lund ~ (second from left) with ~ <::; the Quaker team at the ·i="' United Nations General iii !:: Assembly, 1954 " FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 13 has been translated from English to other What we know about the historic Jesus tualloyalties. Obviously, there is a limit­ languages, generally without using the and what he is supposed to have said ing result of this: the ideas that lie behind word "Christian." But we would doubt­ comes from the Gospels, written long Quakerism are too little known, although less say ourselves that we are Christian, after Jesus lived. Mark, the first biogra­ I am convinced that many people need because we build on the Christian tradi­ pher, began his about the year 70, and exactly this form of religion. tion, despite our differing ideas about such none of the evangelists had actually met Quakers rely on practical assistance dogmas as the church's understanding of or known Jesus. The Gospels must be and educational work-in their own and the Bible and its view about Jesus as considered as transmissions of tradition in other countries-to express sympathy God's only son and our Saviour. from those who did experience being with and solidarity and to help where help is urely no one doubts any longer that Jesus, not necessarily as words actually needed. That kind ofeffort seems to many there was a historic Jesus. But why spoken or written by himself. The Gos­ of us a much more natural way to show Shas he been so important? Was it pels have greatness, strength, poetic what we stand for than to insist on our because he was God's special messenger beauty- which certainly add to their ideas through the spoken or written word. to humankind? Was he a unique person, value, but do not necessarily make them Some do question whether such practical for whom there is no match? Or was he an more true in the literal meaning of the work is truly religious: does it take time ordinary person, but with abilities beyond word. and strength that should be used for more the usual? We don't need to know whether ev­ spiritual considerations? I don't believe For me personally, he would not be so erything that stands in the Gospels is his­ that spiritual and practical aspects of life important if he had not been a human torically correct. I believe we should study should be set up against each other. Let us being, through and through. As a unique the intent of the words, not cling to every meet and joyfully support service ofwhat­ creation, with a special relationship with syllable. That, I think, is what is meant by ever kind. God, his life and mission would not have the saying that the word destroys, but the ur centering point, what renews had the significance for me that it now Spirit's power lives on and makes us free. our strength to go further, is our has. As a human being who was fully I believe strongly in the unity of life: 0 time ofworship together. Some­ dedicated to his task, his life presents a there are no parts that are holy and others times I feel that the silent meeting for gleaming example for humankind. That that are not. I am fully aware that the worship is far too short-sometimes it this led to great suffering doesn't make human person is dualistic, has tendencies may seem too long- it depends entirely his life less valuable. Well, many human toward both good and evil; but life itself on oneself and not on others. Silent wor­ beings have gone through great suffering, is a unity. Quakers hold strongly that no ship, the deepening we find when center­ and I don't know whether he himself place is more holy than another, that one ing down, has great meaning for us. It believed that he was something special. room is not more blessed than another, as carries one through many difficulties and Crying out on the cross, "My God, my a place for worship. For purely practical many problems in life. God, why have you forsaken me?" he too reasons, we may have a specific assem­ I have always had trouble understand­ had his moment of doubt. Yet he surren­ bling place, but worship can be just as ing the meaning of prayer, probably in dered to what he believed was God's will meaningful wherever one holds it. For part because I have never been able to for his life. this reason, Quakers generally dispense imagine God as a person. I have no faith I must say that I resist the idea of a with ... ritual and don't practice baptism that one can pray for things, or pray for death of atonement. To me, the notion and communion as separate sacraments. something specific to happen. For me, seems immoral. Should we really believe There are many different views within that isn't the meaning of prayer. Once I that another person could take upon him­ Quaker groups themselves. It is exactly talked about this with Grete Stendahl, a self our evil deeds? And then we should this breadth, this wide view, that is Swedish Quaker. She said, "I have never be freed of them? That seems an outra­ Quakerism's essence and strength. Cer­ formed a prayer in words." That I can geously easy way to accept one's "sins." tainly, one should talk with others and understand. Prayer is a condition-which To be a mature, independently thinking present one's own views. But if another one achieves through strong contact with human being, I believe one must take sees things differently, there is no harm, it the divine. One naturally has desires, responsibility for one's actions, stand by is only an enrichment. One must fully needs, longings, but these can rarely be what one has done, take the consequences. respect the differing views of others, not expressed satisfactorily in words. For me, Many may feel that such a view reduces force one's opinion upon others. How true prayer lies on quite a different plane Jesus' significance, but it doesn't for me. one lives-or at any rate attempts to live­ from asking for favors from something I think there is a great division between is what is important. represented as a person, a father idea-as the two names "Jesus" and "Christ"­ The basic Quaker attitude of full sym­ we were taught when we were small. Jesus, the man, and Christ, the eternal pathy with one's fellow human beings What should carry one through life is divine Power that lives further and arises naturally results in pacifist action, resist­ respect for other persons, love for others, over and over in every person. ing violence and exploitation. The time­ faith that we all have something of divine This Power can be personified. Those honored Quaker witness ofopposing out­ power in us, something that is greater two on the road to Emmaus were certain ward war is now too simple and must be than ourselves. There are things one can­ that there was another person with them. more far-reaching. Violence in and of not explain, which the attempt to put into But this may not necessarily have meant itself, including spiritual oppression, is words may even destroy. We prefer to a visible human being, but rather a Power what we need to guard against. call that divine power Love, but true love that changed their lives, changed their Quakers, at least those groups de­ includes so much-understanding, affec­ view of what it means to be a human scended from the European form ofQuak­ tion, . . . respect for differences among being. Many have doubtless had similar erism, tend to avoid the kind of mission people and among their ways of acting. experiences. work that tries to change people's spiri- CJ

14 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL Jwy Freedom and the Trial ofPenn and Mead

by Samuel M. Koenigsberg

e trial of William Penn and his or both of these categories. There were tims. In 1662 the Quaker Act was passed olleague William Mead in 1670 Levellers, with an advanced political pro­ by Parliament. It struck at a vulnerable 11was a celebrated one. Despite the gram, radical for its day; Fifth Monarchy Quaker tenet by penalizing refusals to venomous hostility of the presiding judge Men, who believed the Second Coming take the oath of allegiance. The Quaker to the accused, the jury acquitted them. was imminent; and Diggers, Ranters, and Act also banned non-Anglican religious The jurors in tum were fined and impris­ Anabaptists. The sole survivors have been meetings of five or more persons. In 1664 oned for bringing in the acquittal verdict. the Quakers; George Fox spent his for­ the Conventicles Act was passed. The Eight jurors paid to secure their release. mative years during the Civil War. purpose of the enactment, spelled out in Four, however, sought relief in a higher its title and its preamble, was to suppress court. In a ringing opinion the court deter­ Persecutions by "seditious conventicles." Directed not only mined that a judge may not punish a jury t~e Restoration government at Quakers but at all forms of religious for its verdict, however thoroughly he Following the Restoration it became a nonconformity, it prohibited meetings of disagrees with it. The case became a land­ principal objective of the Crown's offic­ five or more persons "under colour or mark in Anglo-American jurisprudence. ers to assure that no revolution would pretext of religion" not in the Anglican ever again unseat the monarchy. The form of worship. 1HE TRIAL OF 1660s became a period of repression. The The 1664 statute expired by its terms Quakers were by now a substantial move­ in 1668, and, not having succeeded in PENN AND MEAD ment, and although a completely peace­ extirpating religious dissent, it was fol­ The decades preceding the trial ofPenn able sect, were among the principal vic- lowed in 1670 by the Second Conven­ and Mead were among the most ticles Act. Amending its prede­ turbulent in modem English his­ cessor in several respects, it tory. After numerous confron­ added a specific ban on outdoor tations between Charles I and gatherings. The decade of the his Parliaments, the Civil War 1660s witnessed a vast number broke out by 1642, and by 1649 of prosecutions under these stat­ Charles lost both the war and his utes. Four thousand or more head. Then followed the period Quakers were imprisoned. The of the Interregnum, with Second Conventicles Act boded Cromwell as England's leader continued persecution. until his death in 1658. In 1660 One method of harassing Charles II was restored to the Quakers was to lock their meet­ throne. inghouses. Among those locked The Presbyterians and the In­ by the London authorities was dependents, broadly speaking, one on Gracechurch Street. had been the two principal forces in Charles I's overthrow. But a Penn addresses number ofsmall dissident groups an "unlauful assembly" burgeoned during the stirring On Sunday August 14, 1670, years ofthe Great Rebellion. The 300 people gathered outside the war against the king had both barred meetinghouse. William political and religious objectives, Penn, a young man of 26 and of and the dissidents were in one gentlemanly bearing, spoke to the assemblage. He was accompa­ Samuel M. Koenigsberg, of Haverford, Pa., is a lawyer inter­ nied by William Mead, a draper ested in legal history and civil lib­ and an active Quaker. Penn and erties. He is indebted to Louis Green ~ Mead were both arrested and, and to Robert L. and Elizabeth R. C5 refusing to pay the fme prescribed Post for encouragement, and to the ~ by the Conventicles Act, they de­ Posts for indispensable help. s:: manded a jury trial and spent the

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 15 next two weeks in jail. Their trial began ing- the request was denied, and both taken off, and had been put on at the on September 1 in the Old Bailey, Penn and Mead pleaded not guilty. direction of the Bench, "and therefore not London's principal criminal court. we but the Bench" should be fmed. Mead The indictment was for participating The trial exhorted the court to "fear the Lord, dread in an unlawful assembly. This was not a Proceedings resumed two days later; His power, and yield to the guidance of statutory offense but one under the com­ the intervening time the two defendants His Holy Spirit." mon law, formulated and defined by an remained in jail. When the trial opened, There were three witnesses for the pros­ accretion of precedents over a long pe­ Penn and Mead were brought into court. ecution, apparently constables sent to ar­ riod of time. The crime consisted of tak­ A bailiff or doorman snatched their hats rest Penn and Mead. Each witness testi­ ing part in a band intending acts not yet off. fied to the presence of a large crowd and being committed, but which, if commit­ Mayor. Sirrah, did you put off their hats? to Penn's having addressed it. One said ted, would be a riot. It was also an unlaw­ Put on their hats again. that Penn had "preached" but, like the ful assembly to gather under circum­ Observer. [Note: The account of the trial other two, he had not heard what he said. stances of terror, causing fear and endan­ was written by Penn, and there are inter­ Mead scored a point here by calling out to gering the public safety. polations by an "observer," giving some the jury that the officer had not heard The indictment invoked neither the facts and legal arguments not contained what Penn had said, so how could he Conventicles Act nor its predecessor, the in the transcript]. Whereupon one of the testify that he had preached? Quaker Act. The reason may have been officers putting the hats upon their heads The Bench did not bother to conceal the more severe penalties for unlawful (pursuant to the order ofthe court) brought its animosity to the defendants. Inter­ assembly. Also, the prosecution may have them to the bar. spersed throughout the proceedings were been aware that it had no evidence of Recorder. Do you know where you are? such pejoratives as "saucy fellow," what Penn had actually said. Lacking this, Penn. Yes.... "troublesome," "impertinent," being the it would be impossible to prove that the Recorder. Do you not know there is re­ milder characterizations. Others included gathering was of a religious character. spect due to the court? "pestilential" and the snarl to Mead that Presiding at the trial was Sir Thomas Penn. Yes. he deserved to have his tongue cut out. Howell, recorder of London, a judicial Recorder. Why do you not pay it then? Mead used one occasion to invoke the office. Present and participating-an in­ Penn. I do so. privilege against self-incrimination, then dication of the importance attached by Recorder. Why do you not pull off your at an early stage of its growth and only the authorities to the case-was Sir hat then? grudgingly recognized. One of the wit­ Samuel Starling, the mayor of London, Penn. Because I do not believe that to be nesses testified he had not seen Mead in and five aldermen. The jury was sworn any respect. the assemblage, and the recorder asked and the indictment against Penn and Mead The recorder fined each 40 marks Mead whether he had been there. Mead was read. After some sparring about (present value about $1 ,500) for contempt. responded, "No man is bound to accuse Penn's demand for a copy of the indict­ Penn responded that the pair had come himself," and he put the recorder on the ment-Penn had had a year's legal train- into court with their hats having been defensive by asking, "Why dost thou of-

16 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL fer to ensnare me with such a question?" Both Penn and Mead frequently ar­ Pax World is a no-load, The Fund does not invest gued with the recorder, Penn raising points diversified, open-end, in weapons production, of law. The recorder, irritated, sent them balanced mutual fund nuclear power, or both to the bail dock, a partitioned-off designed for those who the tobacco, alcohol, area in the rear of the courtroom. Penn wish to receive income or gambling industries. would shout to the jury from behind the and to invest in life­ Various types of supportive products and accounts are available: partition from time to time. Throughout services. Pox invests in Regular Accounts, I RAs, the trial both followed a practice resorted such industries as pollu­ Educational Accounts, to by political dissidents eager to make tion control, health core, Custodial Accounts for For a free prospectus and their case to the jury. They frequently food, clothing, housing, other materials call toll-free: M inors, SEP-1 RAs, Auto­ interrupted the prosecution testimony and education, energy, and 1·800·767-1729 matic Investment Plans, leisure activities. and 403lb) Pension Plans. the outbursts of the Bench to address the 2 24 Stole Street Portsmouth, NH 03801 jury directly. Minimum investment is $250. The two accused also sought to speak Therefore, with Pax there http://www.greenmoney .com/pax Send no money. Past perfor­ after the concluding step in a trial, the are social as well as Pax World Fund shares are mance is no guarantee o f recorder's charge to the jury. They were economic dividends. available for sale in all 50 stoles. future results. interrupted, and, persisting, were ordered A SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY FUND to be taken to the "hole," a malodorous Ten-Year Total Return underground lock-up. Avl'roHif' Annu.tl R.tlt• uf R1•1urn for PcrlolllnciiiH16;30/96 $24801 1 Veer: 19.96% The verdicts 5 Veers: 8.63% After an hour and a half of delibera­ 1!1 Veers: 9.51 % tion in a chamber above the courtroom, 15 Veers: 12.25% eight jurors descended and declared the defendants guilty. The court ordered the remaining four to be brought down. Sin­ gling out juror Edward Bushel, the Mayor and two of the aldermen berated him: he was the cause of the "disturbance," he was the "abettor of a faction," he was "an impudent fellow." The jury was sent out again, this sec­ ond time returning with a unanimous ver­ dict: Was Penn guilty of the offense charged? The foreman responded, "Guilty SANDY SPRING of speaking in Gracechurch Street." Recorder. Is that all? . . . You had as good say nothing. FRIENDS Foreman. That is all I have in commis­ sion. Mayor. Was it not an unlawful assem­ SCHOOL bly? Foreman. My Lord, this is all I had in commission. "t.a v~ ~ SruJ." Denounced and again sent back to de­ liberate, the jurors then returned- the third • Boarding Option Grades 9 to 12 • Day: Pre-K through 12 time-with a written verdict, finding that Five or seven day programs Penn was guilty of speaking or preaching to an assembly met together in Outstanding college preparatory curriculum Gracechurch Street, and that Mead was based on traditional Quaker values not guilty. The mayor and the recorder now "ex­ ceeded rules of all reason and civility." • Upper School AP courses e Strong arts and athletics programs Juror Bushel was particularly vilified. • Required community service e Travel abroad opportunities Penn protested the attack on the jury and Situated on 140 acres in historic Quaker country, an hour's drive was in tum denounced by the court. He urged the jurors not to give up their rights, from Washington, D.C., Baltimore, or Annapolis. to which Bushel responded, "Nor will we ever do it." For further information: SANDY SPRING FRIENDS SCHOOL, BOX 3, The jury was now kept overnight, and 16923 NORWOOD ROAD, SANDY SPRING, MD 20860 denied meat, fire, drink, or "other accom­ Phone: (301) 774-7455 Fax: (301} 924-1115 modation" (the reference was to a

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 17 chamberpot). The next morning it reported BUSHELS CASE the same verdict: "William Penn is guilty of speaking in Gracechurch Street." Of the jurors who were imprisoned, This verdict seems to have especially eight soon paid. Bushel, however, and provoked the court. In addition to alterca­ three others, John Hammond, Charles tions between the Bench and the accused, Milson, and John Bailey, refused to pay. ''there were many passages which past From jail Bushel applied for a writ of between the jury and the court," the ob­ habeas corpus in the Court of Common server noted. Bushel was again singled Pleas, the second highest court in Eng­ Pre-k to 12th grade out. land, and he and his fellows won their 17th & Benjamin Franklin Parkway Mayor. You are a factious fellow . ... freedom in one of the most important Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 1 9 1o 3-1 2 8+ Bushel (addressing the recorder). Sir cases in the history of Anglo-American For information, call the Admissions Office Thomas, I have done according to my jurisprudence. 215-561-5900 conscience. Mayor. That conscience of yours would The writ ofhabeas corpus cut my throat. The writ ofhabeas corpus had been for Bushel. No, my Lord, it never shall. several centuries and still remains a prin­ Mayor. But I will cut yours so soon as I cipal legal bastion of individual freedom. can. The writ, a court order, empowers one Recorder. I will have a positive verdict, alleging an illegal deprivation of his lib­ or you shall starve for it. erty, his right to move freely about, to ask Educational exceUence for over 200 years The jury was sent out for the fifth time. a court to pass on the legality ofhis deten­ Age tlnw tlmnlgb twelftb grtUJe Returning, it delivered the same verdict, tion. The writ commands the person hold­ "Guilty of speaking in Gracechurch ing him to produce him in court and le­ 1996/97 OPEN HOUSE DATES Street." Again the recorder and the mayor gally justify the restraint. Usually sought November 10, 1996 • January 26, 1997 denounced Bushel, and Penn protested. by a prisoner who charges a violation of February 25, 1997 • April 13, 1997 Recorder. You are a factious fellow; ... his constitutional rights, such as the right May 18, 1997 and whilst I have anything to do in the to counsel at his trial, habeas corpus is MOORESTOWN FRIENDS SCHOOL city, I will have an eye upon you. available for any restraint. The judge is 110 East Main Street • Moorestown, NJ 08057 Mayor. Have you no more wit than to be required to consider the matter as promptly Phone: 609.235.2900 ext.227 Jed by such a pitiful fellow? I will cut his as possible, usually within three days, and nose. to pass upon the legality of the incarcera­ Penn. It is intolerable that my jury should tion. 0 be thus menaced: Is this according to the The high importance of the writ is fundamental laws? Are not they my proper attested by the U.S. Constitution: "The judges by the Great Charter of England? privilege of the writ of habeas corpus What hope is there ofhavingjustice done, shall not be suspended, unless when in when juries are threatened, and their ver­ cases of rebellion or invasion the public • m~a~e ce}'C1F1caces dicts rejected? safety may require it." • awa120s ·1t2SCJZ1pctons • The recorder again ordered the fam­ In the present instance, the imprisoned •e1JZC12 announcemencs • ished jury upstairs, and overcame their Bushel in his habeas corpus application • 4}Zeec1TJ(j C3.lZb bes1Gfl5 • reluctance by directing the sheriff to take stated that the trial court had acted ille­ •112V1C3C1012S • SCJZOLLS • them. This time, the sixth, they returned, gally in fming andjailing.him. finding both William Penn and William Little is known about Edward Bushel. .:Hanz~:i:Tt~~Tesr Mead not guilty. Responding individu­ He was a London merchant, and, from 609-186-JSZ+ ally, as the court demanded, each juror the manner in which the mayor and alder­ man addressed him from the Bench, it 0 affirmed the not guilty verdict. seems that they were acquainted with him. The jurors penalized Apparently he was a substantial citizen. Display AdDeadlines Once again, as usual, the court chas­ His colleagues, too, were merchants. tised the jurors and now fmed each 40 Chief Justice John Vaughan presided Reservations are required for display marks, directing that they be imprisoned over the Court of Common Pleas. He and his four brethren on the court passed ads in FRIENDS JOURNAL. until they paid. And notwithstanding the verdict, neither Penn nor Mead was freed. on the application for the writ. Contem­ March issue: Reserve space by Jan. 6. Ads must be received by Jan. 13. They had been fined for contempt ofcourt porary opinion about Vaughan varies. at the outset of the trial for wearing their One diarist thought he was wise and April issue: Reserve space by Feb. 3. hats. Not paying, they were kept in jail. learned. He is also described as able, but Ads must be received by Feb. 10. Penn's father was an admiral, a naval though a royalist, more inclined to popu­ Ad rate is $28 per column inch. hero, and a friend of King Charles II. lar authority. Call (215) 241-7279 FRIENDS . Now on his deathbed, and wishing to see with your reservation his son once more, he had Penn's fine The response ofthe prosecution or questions. JOURNAL paid and procured his release. Mead's The law required the sheriff to write fme was also paid, and he too was freed. on the back of the writ the reason for his

18 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL detention of the jurors and to produce eluded, could not be forced by a judge. A them, together with his response, in court. jury must not be threatened or intimidated The sheriff, represented by government into a verdict not of its own choosing. prosecutors, answered that the jurors had Nor, except for corruption, may its mem­ been fmed and imprisoned for contempt bers be punished should they fail to agree 851 Buck Lane Early Birds of court because they had delivered with a judge's view of the evidence. Haverford, PA Extended Day a verdict "contrary to full and manifest Bushel and his companions were re­ (610)642-2334 evidence." leased. Chief Justice Vaughan believed that The importance of Bushel's Case, as A COEDUCATIONAL ELEMENTARY SQ-IOOL the Court of Common Pleas had no au­ posterity has named it, goes far beyond PRESQ-IOOL THROUGH SIXTH GRADE thority to pass on the issue. Once his the immediate decision freeing Penn and colleagues had voted against him, how­ Mead's four jurors. In the centuries since FIVNls Scltoolwelcomu souiellls of QIIY race ever, he joined wholeheartedly in acting then, the law has become finnly estab­ religib11 altd ~~atioNJl or ctlutic origi11 on it. It was he who delivered the opinion lished that a judge may not punish a jury of the court. for its verdict, no matter how strongly he He began with a eulogy of the writ of may disagree with it. habeas corpus. "The writ," he said, "is the The opinion and its enduring strength Make friends, usual remedy ofan individual deprived of do not require one to view the institution Make music his liberty against law. The writ com­ of the jury uncritically. Juries may be at mands the day." packed, or subtly cajoled or threatened by The answer of the government, the a judge, or corrupted by litigants. But chief justice declared, was inadequate. lawyers with long experience before ju­ Friends The cause for the detention must be spe­ ries have great admiration for the system cifically stated, he held, so that a court and would not replace it by leaving deci­ Music passing on a habeas corpus application sions to a judge alone. The jury can pro­ Camp could be convinced as clearly as the sen­ vide a safeguard between an arbitrary or tencing judge that the verdict indeed was partial judge and a litigant who becomes contrary to full and manifest evidence, or an object of a judge's animus. ages 10-18 could see whether it was merely "doubt­ Especially in a case involving political July 6-August 3, 1997 ful, lame, or dark," or if in fact there was or religious dissent, the jury can stand as a at Barnesville, Ohio any material evidence at all to support it. shield between the forces of officialdom For brochure: FMC, P.O. Box 427 "It is not possible to judge of that rightly and the dissenters. As in the case of Penn Yellow Springs, Ohio 45387 that is not exposed to a man's judgment." and Mead, jurors have stood between a Objective truth, the court further held, persecuted religious or political minority Ph: 937-767-1311 or 937-767-1818 was difficult to ascertain, but the response arid a prosecutorial authority that includes did not charge the jurors with being aware a judge. The jury thus can serve a funda­ that their verdict was contrary to full and mental purpose, standing as a bulwark THE HICKMAN manifest evidence. against arbitrary and oppressive govern­ ment. Freedom ofthe jury For this, we can in large measure thank The court then turned from the flaws William Penn and William Mead. They in the government's response to the sub­ demanded a trial by jury, they protested stantive issue of the application. Its basic the abuse of the jury by the mayor and the Independent LMng and Personal Care ruling was that individuals could differ in judge, and they urged its members to Convenient to shops, businesses, and rulrurol opportunities their conclusions about a case, and might obey their consciences. Posterity must also Reasonable • Not{or-Profit well come to opposite results from identi­ thank Edward Bushel and his three fellow Founded and operated by Quakers cal testimony. The court declared: unsung heroes for not succumbing to the court's malevolence and for suffering jail 400 North Walnut Street A man cannot see by another's eye, nor hear West Chester, PA 19380 (61 0) 696-1536 by another's ear,ono more can a man conclude to vindicate the freedom of~e jury. D or infer the thing to be resolved by another's understanding or reasoning; and though the This article presents the substance of a verdict be right the jury give, yet they be not talk given at The Quadrangle, Haverford, assured it is so from their own understanding, Pa., on May 16, 1996. A principal source for students with are foresworn at least in foro conscientiae [in for the article, courtesy of the Quaker learning differences the tribunal of moral conscience]. Library of Haverford College, was The Proceeding from this premise, the court Tryal of William Penn & William Mead Delaware Valley said that it is the function of the jury to for Causing a Tumult . . . September 1670. fmd the facts and to apply to them the law Bushel's Case is reprinted in State Trials, Friends School as the judge instructs them. But if the vol. 6, p. 999 (T.B. and T.J. Howell, eds., 730 Montgomery Ave. Bryn Mawr, Pa. judge is to dictate the verdict, of what use London, 1816). The author acknowledges College Preparatory Grades 7-12 is thejury, the opinion asked. Should it be the assistance of Dr. C. C. Pond, director and Summer School of research of the Public Information Of­ abolished? Call {610} 526-9595 & a vUfeo The verdict of a jury, the court con- fice of the British House of Commons. for info

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 19 CPT Notes Called to Faithfulness: Christian Peacetnaker Teams' First Ten Years by Val Liveoak

n a 1984 speech to the Mennonite World these ends, it is useful to look at how well it is women sitting in shacks selling charcoal, fruit, Conference, Ron Sider, Mennonite pastor achieving them. manioc . ... As we listen to a judge mediate a I and president of Evangelicals for Social In Haiti, CPT has had a continuing pres­ disagreement in which one man cut off the Action, electrified those present with a radical ence since autumn 1993, and remained in head of a goat that ate part of his garden. As we challenge: members of the Historic Peace Haiti when most other nongovernmental or­ sit with a 28-year-old woman who lost her Churches should become active peacemak­ ganizations pulled out after President baby .. . . I am helpless to help each person in a ers, following Jesus' radical example, and be Aristide's failed first attempt to return. As a system that exploits people on an international, national, and local scale. All I can do is walk prepared to make sacrifices in the process. He violence-preventing presence in the provin­ with them, and I believe that this is ten times challenged affluent churches to "show the cial town of Jeremie, and later in the northern harder than running around finding aid. It's poor of the earth our peace witness is not a province of Ti Rivye, CPT members trained letting go of and grasping responsibility at the subtle support for an unjust status quo but local people in dispute resolution; observed same time. Letting go of the power to control rather a commitment to risk danger and death and reported on the lack of disarmament dur­ destiny, money, etc., AND taking responsibil­ so that justice and peace may embrace," in ing the UN presence; worked for judicial ity for the fact that I have choices, money, etc., order to witness that "God's way of dealing change leading to the replacement of corrupt and that I can and must learn to share, some­ with enemies is the way of suffering love." judges; and were observers during the parlia­ how. I take courage from Jesus' life. Not only should congregations seek to be­ mentary and presidential elections in June come examples of love and reconciliation and December 1995. In Washington, D.C., CPT had two vio­ within themselves, but, "Unless we ... are CPT members travel to rural areas by pub­ lence reduction projects ( 1994-96) in Colum­ ready to start to die by the thousands in dra­ lic transportation (more frequently a truck or a bia Heights, a neighborhood known for its matic, vigorous new exploits for peace and boat than a bus), motorcycle, and foot, prompt­ crime and poverty. The team there moved justice, we should sadly confess that we re­ ing Reserve Corps member Joanne Kaufman into an apartment complex with a history of ally never meant what we said [about follow­ to reflect: violence and drug culture in an attempt to address the problems head on; facilitated four ing Jesus' example] . .. [since] making peace CPT's walking ministry can 't be measured .. . . is as costly as waging war." He envisioned a neighborhood trainings in nonviolent self­ Haiti is a hard environment and North Ameri­ defense and dramatic ways to depict the vio­ band of 100,000 Christians prepared to con­ can goals and schedules are hard to follow front situations of conflict around the world. lence of racism and poverty; participated in when you walk six hours to get to a village citizens' patrols; worked with neighbors in Mennonite and Brethren in Christ congrega­ or visit a court.... I have often felt as if this tions took up his challenge and formed Chris­ closing down two crack houses; and worked is the most closely we can follow Jesus, as I with neighbors to provide a safe atmosphere tian Peacemaker Teams (CPT) in 1986. walk a dusty back road or trail with Haitian for Halloween festivities in 1994 and 1995. For the next seven years, CPT volunteers fiiends and greet children carrying five-gallon engaged in a process of organizing and ad­ oil jugs or huge buckets of water, as we pass The CPT team initiated two phases ofwork ministrative work, outreach, sending short­ in Columbia Heights with Listen­ term projects and delegations to the Middle ing Projects in which they inter­ East and Haiti, and sponsoring protests of viewed neighborhood residents. In military activities in Canada and the United the second Project, Friends and States. Mennonites were involved in in­ Many Quakers have watched CPT with terviewing and were also inter­ interest, some joining its delegations and viewed about their attitudes toward Peacemaker Corps. In 1995 Friends United violence and residents ofthe neigh­ Meetingjoined CPT and Friends Peace Teams borhood. "Apathy and fear are the Project affiliated with it. CPT's Mission State­ two demons we struggled with ment declares that "CPT offers an organized most often," stated one report. nonviolent alternative to war and other forms Despite that finding, Cole Hull, of lethal intergroup conflict. ... It seeks to one of the founders of the Project enlist the response of the whole church in in Urban Peacemaking, wrote: conscientious objection to war, and the devel­ The vision of PUP is to gather opment of nonviolent institutions, skills, and glimpses of humanity and peace training for intervention in conflict situations." amidst the violent landscape of As it finishes ten years of working toward drugs, desperation, and denial .. .. We are discovering that creative peacemaking is a long-term invest­ Val Liveoak is a member of Austin (Tex.) ment and that we must always be Meeting sojourning at San Antonio (Tex.) ready and willing to Jearn new things Meeting. She has served in Chiapas, Mexico, and Washington, D.C., as a reserve member CPTer Kathleen Kem of CPT's Peacemaker Corps and is on the cautions Palestinians coordinating councilfor Friends Peace Teams during an explosive Project. situation in Hebron.

20 January 1997 fRIENDS JOURNAL Oakwood Friends School in our work at being witnesses to God's reign breaking into the world. The initiatives in Wash­ located in the historic Hudson Valley 75 miles oorth of New York City ington, D.C., are part of the discovery journey for us. Our attempts at peacemaking illustrate the necessity for us as peace churches to take very seriously the need for our active commit­ ment to peacemaking and to continue to search for creative solutions to the problems in our cities. Team member Wes Hare said: CPT believes that our commitment to nonvio­ lence must be expressed in activity. We believe that "Witness Actions" of "walking the walk" offer us the opportunity to live out our nonvio­ lent beliefs. We have experienced the pervasive violence which is fundamental to our national culture and heritage and therefore must be con­ fronted directly in the family, and in neighbor­ hoods . . . in other words, at the grassroots, Coed boarding and day school for grades 7-12 and postgraduate neighbor to neighbor. CPT has also had a long-term team in Rigorous rollege prepuatory curriculum Small class sizes Hebron, on the West Bank, since June 1995. v~ and performing arts lJruque~orprogram There, team members provided protective Strong, nurturing community Athletic program presence for Palestinians during every Sab­ International program Commuruty service bath on Duboya Street (due to Israeli settlers' marches accompanied by violent confronta­ tions of the settlers and the residents of this commercial district); walked with Palestin­ Please contact the Admissions Office: 515 South Road, Poughkeepsie, NY U601 ians requesting protection from harassment; (914)462-4200 supported protests/complaints of Palestinian families targeted by Israeli security forces or Israeli settlers; sought to block demolition of Palestinian homes and then assisted in the rebuilding of demolished Palestinian homes; worked with Palestinians to remove gates to the University of Hebron and in the Central Market area of Hebron erected during the WESTTOWN SCHOOL Intifada to control the Palestinians; facilitated informal classes and discussions on Christian nonviolent views of social change; and re­ ported on human rights violations and arbi­ trary arrests. Critics ofthese actions complain that they seem to reflect an anti-Israeli bias, but on Sunday March 10, 1996, following terrorist bombings of the Number 18 bus in Jerusalem on two previous Sundays, CPT members rode the bus in a public display of solidarity with Israeli citizens to proclaim their opposition to the renewed violence Israel was suffering in the wake of attempts to imple­ We invite you to discover the value of a Westtown education... ment peace accords. under the care ofthe Philadelphia Yearly Meeting since 1799. The prayerful struggle for discernment that goes into each ofthese actions is described by *Challenging programs in academics, the arts, and athletics CPT Coordinator Gene Stoltzfus: *Strong Quaker presence in student body and faculty The days for the team are long. Opportunities for nonviolent direct action are limitless. *310 day students in grades pre-K through 10 Each of these opportunities and invitations is *290 boarding students in grades 9-12 (boarding required, 11-12) accompanied with massive amounts of discus­ sion about the risks, the strategy, the faithful­ *Diversity of racial, geographic, economic and religious ness to the CPT visions of nonviolent interven­ backgrounds among students and teachers tion. In each case much energy is consumed to *Weekly meeting for worship and strong sense of community prepare for the worst case and the best case. It is not easy to achieve unity. . . . There are strong are central to school life. disagreements but genuine appreciation for the differences and the need for a mixture of Westtown School, Westtown, PA 19395 (610) 399-7900 diverse personalities. fRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 21 Jim SaHerwhlte, a Quaker from Bluffton, Ohio, in rubble of Grozny, Russia, April 6, 1996 ~ ~ People are convinced that God has placed that CPT in principle could provide a frame- ~ them there for a time such as this .... When we work for such an alternative form of engage- ~ asked . . . how long the CPT mission should ment-certainly this possibility is being ex- ~ continue ... our university friends simply said, plored with regard to refugee resettlement . . . ct "Stay until there is justice." [CPT can be] a low-key presence but does not The Friends Camp in Bucks County hesitate to take a more active role if the situa­ A lively exchange about CPT's work has tion calls for it. • TWO WEEK SESSIONS • been carried out on internet discussion groups. STARTING jUNE 22 One person questioned the role of people Attempts at dialogue, as well as nonvio­ A residential camp coming in from the outside to become in­ lent actions, are essential, but may seem to be volved in local conflicts. Kathleen Kern, who provocative. One critic suggested that CPT Jor boys & girls 8-13. has served in all of the projects listed above, members provoked the hostility of Jewish At Camp Onas kids wrote: settlers. Cole Hull, who also has worked on choose their activities from a ll the long-term projects, answers: a complete camp program. CPT serves as a guest in the house of the disenfranchised. Rather than building our own [H]ostility already exists in most every sit­ house between the houses of the two groups in uation we find ourselves invited to be a part FOR INFORMATION 610-84 7-5858 cal/ conflict, we accept invitations to live with the of.... [I]n truth, speaking truth to power or 609 Geigel Hill Rd., Ottsville, PA 18942 oppressed. Within that role we find ourselves challenging cultural/situational assumptions ONAS IS ALSO AVAILABLE FOR OFF·SEASON GROUP RENTALS better able than our hosts to greet the oppres­ are not violent [actions] ... they just operate sors at the door. Using active nonviolence as a with the "language" or iconography of conflict. means of communication, we confront and en­ They push up some of those unsettling things gage those in power, making it clear that we about our human condition or our political land­ will A) tell the truth about what we see them scape that we would rather not deal with. The next generation and those t> come doing, B) physically lay down our lives to As to "provoking hostility": is it not the case need to know your life story. We will prevent their harming our hosts, and C) treat that when anyone is prevented or hampered travel to you. record you as you share the them with the respect and love to which they from committing violence or perpetrating in­ experiences that have shaped your life. are entitled as children of God. Our position as justice, that person is going to be angry at being and gather the richness of your memories guests also helps to deter violence on the part of thwarted? The key is to then work with that into a beautiful book-a cherished legacy our hosts and their extended family .... By anger to prompt dialogue, not to avoid provok­ for those you love. preventing violence against our hosts, we help ing it by acquiescing in the injustice. diminish the anger and the "trapped" feelings that can lead to retribution. By respecting them Anne Montgomery, a member of the Unda Lyman & Marty Walton we in tum engender respect for our own non­ Hebron team, adds her view of the role of 505 Willow Road. Bellingham. WA 98225 "outside agitators": 1-360-738-8599 or 1-800-738-8599 violent positions and open channels for the teaching and discussion of nonviolent strategy. It is important to recall Martin Luther King We know from Jesus' example that standing Jr.'s insistence that in nonviolent action we do with the oppressed does not mean participating not create the violence and anger often rooted in actions that violate the radical command to in fear ... because it is already present and G love the enemy.... We may at times leave the must come to the surface to be healed .... We . house of our hosts to visit the oppressors in need to push boundaries a little to help provide their house and listen as actively as possible to a safer physical and psychological environ­ F . their fears and concerns. We can take the op­ I ment, free of harassment and fear, in which portunity to communicate to these people that . reconciliation can take place and people can s their lives are precious in our eyes because God solve their own problems. loves them. Ideally we can then communicate Germantown Friends School some of the enemy's humanity to our hosts Is CPT too one-sided in its reporting? Re­ (215)• 951-234 6 when we return to their house. But in the end, sponding to a critic of work in Hebron, Cole Please come to our Open Houses: we will always return to their house. Hull writes: •Saturday, Oct. 26, 2-4 p.m. In a discussion about the situation in We are not a news organization nor do we wish •Monday, Nov. 11, 8:30a.m. Bosnia, James Satterwhite, a Friend who be­ to simply and sterilely respond to the wholesale •Friday, April 4, 8:30a.m. came a member of the Reserve Corps in 1996 and has traveled twice to Chechnya for CPT, re­ flects: 1997 If we abhor military action, then Religious we should be ready to provide an Emphasis Week alternative. If we sit back and sim­ Guilford ply "condemn" what is happen­ College January 26-31 ing, then we are contributing noth­ Spealcers ing, and have nothing therefore to Admission Office Steve and Marlene Pedigo say to the situation. It seems to me 5800 West Friendly Avenue Michael Van Hoy Greensboro, NC 27410 Judith Cunningham CPTer Lena Siegers, Trayce Peterson from Hamilton, Ont., 910-316-2100 listens to Haitians in FAX 910-316-2954 Quaku EducadoD the Artlbonlte Valley http://www.guilford.edu lfDU 1137 describe the Insecurity In the countryside. 22 WIUJAM PENN CHARTER SCHOOL Est. 1689 307 Years of Quaker Education

The William Penn Charter School is a Quaker c:ollege-preparatory school stressing high standards in academics, the arts, and athletics. Penn Charter is committed to nurturing girls and boys of diverse backgrounds in an atmosphere designed to stimulate each student to work to his or her fullest potential. Kindergarten through twelfth grade.

Earl J. Ball 10, Head of School 3000 W. School House Lane, Philadelphia, PA 19144 (215) 844-3460 suffering that impregnates the relationship be­ tween Israel and Palesti ne, Muslim and Jew. We report what we become involved in .... We can stand to learn much about the love for all peoples, and often struggle to be poor reflec­ tions of our Creator, but recognize our willing­ FRIENDs HoME AT WoonsroWN ness to work alongside and advocate for all peoples who are at the wrong end of a gun, a A QJ,taker-Sponsored Retirement Facility hearing, a demolition, a roadblock. Too often this also means being with the people who do • One-bedroom Woods Court • 60-bed Medicare & Medicaid not make the laws [rather than those who en­ Apartments for People over 60 Certified Nursing Home force them]. • Residential facility with • Pastoral Setting community dining · • Caring, supportive staff Do CPT's actions have unintended results? \NCX)()STOJI/N • Delicious, nutritious meals Cole Hull responds, based on his experience: Any action does not necessarily have to achieve P.O. Box 457, Friends Drive • Woodstown, NJ 08098 • (609) 769-1500 any specific goal to be worthy of its effort. We do not always see the immediate fruits of our labors, but wish to continue to forge ahead nevertheless. . . . Sometimes "outsiders" are able to do things that local persons cannot. . . . Palestinians are at a grave risk here for speak­ ing out in spite of legal documentation in their favor. Israeli peace activists would indeed be able to address these issues ... (but] are equally considered "outsiders" and [are] just as able to leave whenever they like . . .. You might say that we have more power in these contexts than Scattergood offers a rigorous college preparatory program for approximately most people: the power to make such a state­ sixty students, grades 9 through 12, in a caring, close-knit community of boarding ment without getting shot or arrested too quickly; the power to engage the military and settlers students and resident staff living and working together in a beautiful rural setting. without fear; the power to ask hard questions. CPT has gone into regions and situations where • Coeducational complex, long-term problems exist and have • Graduation requirements include existed for a long time. Solutions will not come Quaker Studies and an off-campus quickly, and there are many levels of work that community service project · must be done. One small group, however, can • Strong programs in the arts effect some changes, shed some light, and be an • Four-year Spanish language example to others-both those involved in the program with work-camp conflict and others who are watching it. experience in Mexico CPT actively embodies the beliefs of the • Daily campus and farm work crews traditional Peace Churches and puts into prac­ • Outdoor and wilderness programs tice teclutiques that might become a model • Cooperation emphasized over for future peacemaking. As Cole Hull puts it, competition "CPT exists to facilitate the placement of • More than one-third of students and committed persons into conflict situations in staff have Quaker backgromtds the hope of discovering ways to uncover last­ ing peace." 0 To l~am mor~ abouJ Scalt~rgood, or to a"ang~ a visit, conJactthe Dir~ctor of Admissions, Soatt~rgood Friellds School, 1951 D~IIIJ AWIIIU, w~.sl Branch, Iowa 52358-8507, Requests for information and donations plroM (319) 643-7628 or(319) 643-76()(), FAX (319) 643-7485. may be sent to CPT, P.O. Box 6508, Chicago, IL 60680-6508, telephone (3 12) 455-1199, Under the care oflowa Yearly Meeting of Friends (C) since 1890 e-mail [email protected].

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 23 News of Friends

Opposition to capital punishment is con­ Navy Doesn't Want You to tinuing to grow throughout Europe, ac­ Ask" that brought attention cording to a recent report from the Quaker to discrimination in the mili­ Council for European Affairs. All countries tary and challenged the U.S. wishing to join the Council of Europe, an Navy's promises of job intergovernmental body that promotes human skills, money for college, rights, democracy, and cultural cooperation, discipline, and adventure. must agree to adopt Protocol 6 of the Euro­ pean. Convention on Human Rights, which abohshes the death penalty. The country of Milwaukee (Wis.) Moldova became the most recent addition to Young Friends fly the Council of Europe when it signed Proto­ kites to protest col 6 on May 2, 1996. QCEA, which has military recruiting. consultative status at the Council of Europe, actively supports the abolition of the death penalty and has recently forwarded a resolu­ tion to the Council in support of conscien­ tious objectors. In an unrelated move in June :The FRIENDS 1996, Belgium also abolished its death pen­ alty, which had not been applied in that coun­ JOURNAL Campaign try for 47 years. (From Around Europe Octo­ The fall and early winter months have Work Underway Among ber 1996) been a very exciting time for the fRIENDS Friends JouRNAL Campaign. With over $500,000 Clothing, shoes, linens, and canned goods Groups ofFriends gathered on several were sent to victims of Hurricane Hortense in commitments received by mid-Novem­ occasions in the fall to hear about the ber, we are well on our way toward the in Puerto Rico by the American Friends Ser­ needs of the JoURNAL and consider sup­ $800,000 campaign goal. (We anticipate vice Committee on Oct. 1. The Caribbean porting the campaign. We are particularly that we will have passed the $600,000 Project for Justice and Peace, a sister organi­ appreciative to Henry and Mary Esther mark by the time this January issue reaches zation to AFSC in Puerto Rico, distributed the Dasenbrock for hosting in late October a your door.) almost I 0,000 pounds of supplies to areas in reception for Vint with area Friends at Gifts in recent months have come in­ the southern part of the country where dam­ their home in Haverford, Pa. age from the hurricane was most severe. In creasingly from subscribers around the A campaign committee at Medford country. Some gifts are large--$5,000 or addition to heavy wind damage, the hurricane Leas Retirement Community in New Jer­ more-while others are more modest. brought nearly 20 inches of rain and thou­ sey is hard at work seeking support for the Handwritten notes often express appre­ sands of people lost their homes in resultant campaign. In addition to holding several ciation to the staff for their work. flooding. An AFSC Puerto Rico Relief Fund planning meetings, the committee hosted has been established to purchase medicine Some of the notes that accompany a November 16 gathering for Vint with gifts share news about the reader or a loved and furniture and to pay rent for those left over I00 people in attendance. Our thanks one whose life was touched by a particu­ homeless. To contribute to the relief fund to the following committee members for lar article or story. Often these memories send donations, earmarked for Puerto Rico, their good work: Bob and Gladys Gray, t~ go back many years; sometimes the im­ AFSC, 1501 Cherry St., Philadelphia, PA Jane and Sam Burgess, Wilda DeCou, pact of the JOURNAL is more immediate 19102, telephone (800) 226-9816. Gertrude and Wayne Marshall, Tak and dates back to a recent issue. Moriuchi, Genie Phelps, Kate Haupt, The common thread that connects these Young Friends in Milwaukee, Wis., organ­ Becky Monego, Phyllis Sanders, and notes is a much felt appreciation for the ized a successful protest against U.S. Navy Esther Woodward. JouRNAL as a vessel for sharing the spiri­ recruiting on July 22. When Anna Fritz, a tual journey of Friends. What wonderful Travel plans for 1997 17-year-old member of Milwaukee (Wis.) gifts these notes provide! Meeting, heard the U.S. Navy's recruiting Much of the first six months of 1997 tour was coming to town, she took her con­ will be devoted to visiting with Friends $50,000 gift from a throughout the country. A busy schedule cern to meeting. At the suggestion of Chris "non-Friend" Lombardi from Central Committee for Con­ is planned for Vint, taking him to the scientious Objectors, Anna decided to use One highlight of the fall was a gener­ Midwest (Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, and kites as a manner of nonviolent protest that ous gift of $50,000 from one of our read­ Illinois), Southeast (North Carolina and would draw attention away from the event. ers who falls into the category of "non­ Florida), and Mountain States (Montana Designed by Verdell DeYarman, founder of Friend." Why such a large gift to a Quaker and Colorado) during the first three months Peace Action, a community group based at publication? In conversation with editor­ of the new year. Other trips being sched­ the Milwaukee Friends Meetinghouse, the manager Vinton Deming, this very gen­ uled include a swing up the West Coast in kites were decorated by children in the meet­ erous donor cited the JouRNAL's willing­ April or May, a second trip to the Mid­ ing. When the day of the recruiting event ness to tackle difficult issues and to do so west (Iowa, Wisconsin, and Minnesota), arrived, ten teenaged and four adult Friends, in ways that leave the reader with hope and several trips to meet with Friends plus Peace Action volunteers and members of rather than despair. He also cited the from Maryland to Maine. We are deeply the Catholic Worker, flew their kites on the JOURNAL's ability to address issues ofspiri­ appreciative to the many Friends around pier to "greet" the USS Oliver Hazard Perry. tuality in ways that reflect the strength of the country whose assistance make these The group protested on two occasions and Friends to link the inner faith journey trips and gatherings among Friends distributed literature on alternatives to the with social action and concern for others. possible. military, including a list of "Questions the

24 January 1997 FRIENDS Jou RNAL THE SORROWS OF THE Q!JAKER JESUS james Nayler and the Puritan Crackdown on the Free Spirit LEO DAMROSCH.

In October 1656 james Nayler rode into Bristol surrounded by fo llowers singing hosannas in deliberate imitation of jesus' entry into jerusalem. In Leo Damrosch's trenchant reading this incident and the extraordinary outrage it ignited shed new light on Cromwell's England and on religious thought and spirituality in a turbulent period. The Sorrows of the Quaker Jesus is at once a study of antinomian religious thought of an exemplary individualist movement and of the ways in which religious and political ideas become intertwined in a period of crisis. It is also a vivid portrait of a fascinating man.

"Absolutely splendid. This book offers a substantial ne.t~ analysis of the essence of early Quaker thought and it is a poignant and gripping story of how one man was destroyed for exposing the soft underbelly of Cromwellian religious liberalism" - JOHN MORRILL. Cambridge University 4 halftones • $39.95 cloth

Consider a gift that hsts aUyear- and beyond! What better surprise for the new Gift Subscription #1: This is a gift ftom: FRIENDS year than a gift of NAME MY NAME JoURNAL! Each issue of the magazine will be the perfect ADDRESS ADDRESS reminder throughout the year of your love and friendship. l:l$25/16 issues (special New Year's offer) Total enclosed·$. ______We'll make the holiday season Send renewal notice Oro me D to recipient even more festive with our own for all subscriptions listed above. (I am gift as well: If you send two gift Gift Subscription #2: including $6/year/subscription for postage outside the U.S., Canada, and Mexico.) subscriptions of FRIENDS NAME j oURNAL, we'll add four extra DEnclosed is my check DBill me months to each of the gift Charge my: DMasterCard OVISA subscriptions, too--16 issues of the magazine for the price of1 2! D $25116 issues EXP. DATE Let the holiday spirit continue (special New Year's offer) for the next 16 months. Give Send renewal notice two or more gifts of FRIENDS Dto me Dto recipient j OURNAL

1501 Cherry Street FRIENDS Philadelphia, PA 19102-1497 (215)241-7115 JOURNAL Fax: (215) 568-1377

FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 25 Bulletin Board

•Volunteers are being sought for work in Chiapas, Mexico. The Latin American Com­ mittee ofNew York Yearly Meeting is plan­ ning a three-week workcamp at the Hospital San Carlos in mid August. Located in Altamirano, Chiapas, a small mountain town currently occupied by the Mexican army, the hospital can accommodate 50 adults and 40-50 children. Participants with the following skills are needed: nursing, mothering, washing, sew­ ing, construction, teaching, cooking, garden­ Abington Friends School ing, animal husbandry, art, music, and any ability to repair body and mind. The project will also work to educate local populations A Quaker co-educational college preparatory day school about the many preventable illnesses that are for students in Preschool through Grade 12 common in the region. Support in the form of donations of clothing and medical supplies, organizational guidance, and financial contri­ butions is also needed. For more information, contact Elaine Chamberlain, 97 Springville Ave., Amherst, NY 14226, telephone (716) 837-0475, or Mary E. Way, 2195 W. Main For more information, please call St., Stanley, NY 14561, telephone (716) 526- 215-886-4350 5196. • Friends World Committee for Consultation's Elizabeth Ann Bogert Memorial Fund offers grants ofup to $500 to individuals involved in the study and practice of Christian mysticism. Proposals should include a description of the project, amount of money requested, how monies will be used, other sources of funding, and how results will be communicated to others. The deadline for proposals is March 1. To apply, send seven copies of the proposal, plus two or three letters of reference from people familiar with the project, to Carolyn N. Terrell, 46 B Brainerd St., Mount Holly, The ESR Equation: NJ 08060. •The Quaker Collection of Haverford College 1. A supportive, Chrtst-centered, learning community-plus is accepting applications for three $1 ,500 Gest Fellowships for one month of research using 2. Rigorous academics-plus Quaker Collection materials to study the con­ 3. Diversity of age, race, gender and faith traditions-plus nections and relationships between various 4. Afocus on personal spirituality-plus ways of expressing religious belief in the world. The month of study can occur anytime 5. Many small, engaging classes-plus between June I and Jan. 31 , 1998. The appli­ 6. Opportunities to work closely, one-on-one, with caring faculty-plus cation deadline is Feb. I. For more informa­ tion or to apply, contact Ann W. Upton, Quaker 7. Aplace where family members are included. Collection, Haverford College, Haverford, P A 19041. (From the FAHE Newsletter) •"Be Still and Know That I Am God" is the theme for the midwinter gathering of Friends for Lesbian and Gay Concerns, Feb. 14-17, ~ ~~riWation. in Leesburg, Fla. The gathering's theme and activities will "highlight our need to discern Earlham School of Religion- who we are and what we are called to, with (A QUAKER St:ltiiNARY OFFERING MAsJER OF DMNTIY, God's guidance." The weekend will include MAsJER OF MINISIRY AND MAslER OF ARTs DEGREES) worship and fellowship, business sessions, the right answer for a solid education worship sharing, entertainment, a program and personal preparation for ministry. for young people, and time to play. For more information or to register, contact Doug Tipton, Call Nancy Nelson at 1~1377 P.O. Box 1363, Madison, WI 53701-1363, 228 College Avenue, Richmond, Indiana 47374 telephone (608) 251-0904, e-mail adtipton@ I execpc.com.

26 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL •Friends meetings and schools are invited to participate in the Friend-Ship Kits campaign sponsored by the Material Aids Program of the American Friends Service Committee. The Broadmead Material Aids Program, now in its 79th year of operation, needs to build up its reserve of school, hygiene, sewing, and art kits. A re­ serve ofkits enables AFSC to respond quickly to requests for material aid; they are espe­ cially useful for work with refugees. Lists of ingredients for the various kits are available from AFSC. Groups who assemble the kits are encouraged to include a note or picture to personalize the gift and are asked to contrib­ ute one dollar for each kit to help pay shipping expenses. In addition to providing a service for persons in need, assembling kits gives communities an opportunity to build aware­ A Friends Continuing Care Retirement Community ness of social needs throughout the world. An Accredited Non-Profit Facility AFSC has already sent school kits to Nicara­ gua and Haiti, and hygiene kits to Bosnia. A shipment of school and art kits to Russia is planned in early 1997. For more information, contact Tom Moore, director of AFSC's Ma­ terial Aids Program, at (215) 241-7041, or by e e-mail at [email protected]. 13801 York Road Cockeysville, MD 21030

410-527-1900 Est. in 1979 GlliiiiM ..e•ll• Calendar omatURI IrY

JANUARY 3-5-The annual New Year's Silent Retreat at Woolman Hill in Deerfield, Mass. Cost is $90. Contact Woolman Hill, Keets Rd., Deerfield, MA 01342, telephone (413) 774-3431. 3-11-Australia Yearly Meeting, in Hunter's Hill, near Sydney, Australia. Contact Topsy Evans, P.O. Box 119, N. Hobart, Tasmania 7002, Australia, telephone (61..{)2) 349.{)55, fax 343-240. 10-12-Evangelical Friends International-North Scholarship Opportunities for Quaker Families. American Region. Contact John Williams Jr., 5350 Broadmoor Circle, NW, Canton, OH 44709, tele­ phone (330) 493-1660. Each year George School awards ... Mid-January-Peru-INELA Yearly Meeting, in Llave, Puno, Peru. Contact INELA-Peru, Apartado ... One $10,000 Anderson Scholarship, recognizing 369, Puno, Peru, telephone (51-54) 35-0210. academic achievement, commtmity involvement and In January-Bhopal Yearly Meeting, at Bhopal leadership potential, to a Quaker student. Meetinghouse, Bhopal, India. Contact Devdas Shrisunder, G-9/34, North T.T. Magar, Bhopal, ... Five $2,000 John M. George Scholarships to new MP 462003, India. boarding students. Criteria include participation in ln January-INELA-Bolivia Yearly Meeting, in Monthly Meetirig, demonstrated interest in Quaker La Paz, Bolivia. Contact INELA, Casilla 8385, La Paz, Bolivia, telephone (591-2) 34-36-26. concerns and academic achievement. 24-26-Pacitic Northwest Quarterly Silent Re­ treat in Gold Bar, Wash. Contact Quaker House, ... Two $1,000 John M. George Scholarships to new day 4039 9th Ave. NE, Seattle, WA 98105. students. Criteria are the same as above. ... $2.4 million in need-based scholarships. Admissions and scholarship application deadline: February 1, 1997. For more information, please contact: George School Phone: (215) 579-6547 Box4000 Fax: (215) 579-6549 Newtown, PA 18940 E-mail: gsadmiss@ hslc.-org

FRmNDS10URNALJanuary1997 27 Reports

Ireland Yearly Meeting mistrustful, afraid, and intimidated could not nI~ ~lM~~~ be denied in the face of the experience of personal pain and loss of which we were • Quality care in the Quaker tradition. As a representative from Britain Yearly Meeting to Ireland Yearly Meeting, my role movingly told; yet there were some who • 42 apartments for independent living, was not to speak for BYM but to listen and evidently wished they could deny it. In his 60 private personal care rooms, 120 learn. That was the frame of mind in which I lecture, Simon Lamb urged the yearly meet­ nursing home beds. arrived in Waterford, Ireland, where I was ing corporately to release its sin and weak­ welcomed very warmly to the pleasant grounds ness before rededicating itself as a worship­ • Peace of mind. Supponive medical and buildings of Newtown School. ing community. It seemed I was witnessing and social services throughout your I had plenty to listen to and learn from. the beginning of that process. stay. Friends aged from 2 to 92 were present at this Irish Friends are working through their residential meeting, Aug. 2-6, 1996, although pain, acknowledging that their fears are real. • An active lifestyle in a beautiful, in smaller numbers than I am used to. Ireland But they have not stopped trying to reconcile graceful setting. Yearly Meeting is about one-tenth the size of differences, to foster relationships across bor­ BYM, and the sessions mirrored this differ­ ders of all kinds, and to work for peace now. • Meals, housekeeping, transponation, ence, being attended by an average of 130 I was heartened and inspired by the evidence cultural and social activities. Friends. I felt as though I was meeting a large ofcontinuing, patient work for reconciliation. family, many of them actually related to one The report from Ulster Quaker Service • A history of caring since 1904. another--some surnames were repeated again Committee vividly presented to us its difficult and again-and others connected through and demanding work with prisoners and their Stapeley In Germantown school or Young Friends. families. We heard, too, how Quaker House 6300 Greene Street I saw Ireland Yearly Meeting's different works with quiet persistence to talk with those Philadelphia, PA 19144 strands working together in unity, though of­ on all sides and to bring together informally Call Carol Nemeroff ten through disagreement and not without dif­ those who could not meet in any more of a public forum. Working for peace in the present Admissions Director ficulty. The evangelical and liberal traditions are both alive in Irish Quakerism, both ofthem conditions of fear and lack of trust some­ (215) 844-0700 trying to listen to the other's very different times brings Irish Friends close to despair, approaches to faith and modes of expression. but they continue to put their faith into action. G In the public lecture, Simon C. Lamb, an During the rest of the weekend, I listened evangelical Friend, urged us to put together as Irish Friends wrestled with other issues: the spirituality of evangelicalism and the ac­ simplicity and the right use of money, the Coming to D.C.? tive faith of the liberal tradition. He encour­ proper religious education of Friends' chil­ aged his audience, and particularly his fellow dren and young people, the realities and ide­ Stay with Friends on Capitol Hill evangelicals, to speak their own truth as well als of marriage, ecumenical relations, and the as to listen to others. However, he warned that first steps towards revision of part of their WILLIAM PENN HOUSE although we should not hide our light under a Book of Discipline. Sometimes I found the 515 East Capitol St. SE bushel, it is better to offer a reading lamp than language and concepts uncomfortable, but I to switch on headlights that might blind rather kept listening and was often moved in ways I Washington, DC 20003 than illuminate. did not expect by the strength of Friends' His words were still with the meeting as it feelings and by the strong convictions and Individuals, Families and Groups came to look at the peace process, trying to strong faith underlying them. $25 to $40 discern a way forward. This was the session in Throughout the yearly meeting, through despair resisted, through fears and anxieties Seminars on Current Issues which I was most aware of the fact that Ireland Yearly Meeting encompasses the whole is­ faced, through family and fellowship cel­ for Schools, Colleges, and Meetings. land. In this place, Northern Ireland and Eire ebrated, through action for reconciliation con­ (202)543-5560 were united through religion instead of being tinued, echoed these words from Micah, [email protected] divided by it. But this was also a session in printed on the program, which we all carried which deep differences were evident. Ireland with us and which I carried home with me: Yearly Meeting includes people from a wide "And what does the Lord require of you?" range of backgrounds, views, and prejudices, -Gil Skidmore and words can be a stumbling block. (Reprinted from the Aug. 23, 1996, Irish Friends had already begun to work Friends' issue ofnie Friend) • through this problem. At a conference held C E N T R A L earlier in the year, at a time when hopes of For over 150 years ... peace were higher, they attempted to examine themselves, to work through anxieties, pain, • Excellence in academics and fear together. The aim was to help Friends The following "Commentary" from The • Respect for the individual to understand others by understanding them­ Friend was written by Deborah Padfield, • Community service selves: to avoid a sense of superiority or a editor of The Friend, who also attended Ire­ • A diverse student body passive dependence upon politicians and oth­ land Yearly Meeting. Ireland Yearly Meeting invites and wel­ • Outstanding college ers to solve Ireland's problems. The confer­ ence was a successful first step and it was comes visitors from other denominations and placement agreed to hold others, including perhaps one other faiths to its sessions. During one highly Friends' C e ntral School aimed particularly at Friends from the North. charged evening at this year's IYM, a Baha'i (610) 649-7440 ext. 208 That there is still work to do was evident in visitor voiced a worry: while she had be­ this session. The fact that some Friends felt lieved the gift of Quakers to lie in being

28 January 1997 FRJENDS JoURNAL neither Protestant nor Catholic, she seemed in an evangelical faith that is wholly commit­ rity of faith that will not ignore the pains and now to hear the voices of Protestant Quakers ted to social and political engagement. dangers of the present time. I am haunted by and Catholic Quakers. It's a long walk Friends have ahead. But Emma Lamb's "it's for real, Friends." And I The comment was as shrewd as painful; this was a yearly meeting full of laughter, am warmed by the love that pours from Irish yet it shed light not just on a potential stum­ affection, and friendship, a meeting of Friends Friends, welcoming the outsider. bling block for Friends, but on one of their - determined to do all they can to. learn to know strengths--or so it seemed to me, an outsider. and understand each other. There was ur­ - Deborah Padfield Though Quakerism has stood largely outside gency behind that dedication. (Reprinted from the Aug. 23, 1996, Ireland's sectarian divide, it contains Friends I am-inevitably-humbled by ari integ- issue ofThe Friend) who are, in their devotion to the Scriptures, unambiguously Protestant, and those who by background or political sympathy feel more Expc:riential akin to Catholics. The catastrophic slump in Designs Organizational development One pathway to peace Catholic church attendance in the Republic Ellen Brownfain, and co~sulting worldwide leads right through the had, after all, been mirrored by growth in Principal & Friend Specializing in team building, attenders in the Religious Society of Friends. 4I5- 24I-I 5 I 9 leadership development and halls of Congress 1218 Leavenworth St. diversityttaining. Ask about This duality is both a source of great rich­ SF CA 94109-4013 our upcoming spirit quests ... ness and a tension whose magnitude I had not begun to recognize. Yet it is only a part of the mosaic of differences that is Irish Quak­ A~k how you can help erism. Theirs is a unity that has, it seems, to bring Friendt/ concern for transcend not ')ust" denominational back­ peace and ju5tice to Capitol Hill ground or sympathy, not ''just" the different perceptions born of living north or south of FRIENDS COMMIITEEON NATIONAL LEGISLATION the boundary, not ')ust" the experience of 245 Second Street N.E. Washington, D.C. 20002-5795 living in the thick of the troubles or in one of A Quaker Conference Center Belfast's leafY suburbs, not ')ust" the influ­ 340 HIGH STREET DISCOVER QUAKER PHILADELPHIA ence of liberalism and indeed post-Christian­ P.O. BOX246 Two-hour walking tours of William Penn's ity, not ')ust" the difference between being BURLINGTON, original city of brotherly love, in honor of or not being part of one oflreland's old, long­ NEW JERSEY 08016 Penn's 350th birthday. intermarried Quaker families, not ')ust'' age; Available for day and overnight use Send a SASE for schedule to: QUAKER Friends have to transcend all these things. 609-387-3875 TOURS, Box 1632, Media, PA 19063. The longing for unity-albeit unity in dif­ ference-is barbed for Irish Quakers in a way that it is not for those in Britain. Irish people know that the alternative to unity is division, whose costs can be deadly. I was stunned by the way-tentative, hurt­ Spirituality and theJflrts ing, achingly honest-in which Friends A VACATION OPPORTUNITY AT PENDLE HILL opened up the wounds of mutual difference yet held their meeting together, bound by * Painting as Meditation their deep commitment to the call of truth -HELEN DAVID BRANCATO jULYI8-zi and healing. Yearly meeting met during a time ofrenewed confrontation. Fear, raw fear, * Shaping Thoughts & Dreams was in the air, from northern and southern - GREGORY ZEORLIN Friends. Fear of the chasm that might be * Moving Toward Wholeness: opening again before the Irish people. Fear of Healing & the Arts being hurt any more. -CHRISTINE LINNEHAN JuLY zs- z8 But out of desperation come voices that need to be heard: a Bible study that led straight * Soul in Slow Motion: journal-Making into an evangelical Friend's experience of & Poetry by Hand & Heart not feeling welcome at yearly meeting; then -PAULUS BERENSOHN AuGusT x- s a deeply charged main session in which a The Ministry ofWritingfor Publication Belfast Friend said that the painted ketbstones * -ToM MuLLEN AuGusT 8-xz of Protestant and Catholic areas were not a source offear-and another responded out of * Hearing with Our Hands: her experience as employer of Catholics and The Psalms & Mixed Media Protestants, owner of a business that had - NANCY CHINN AuGusT8-I2 been burntout, mother of a son who had been Visiting artists between workshops pulled from his van by masked men. "There's a bitterness creeping in. .. . It's for real, See Classified Ads for full listing of spring and summer programs. Friends." Simon Lamb's lecture spoke to all those ~ PENDLE HILL · A CENTER FOR STUDY AND CoNTEMPLATION whom I encountered. He seemed to offer a bridge over one gulf in experience and per­ V x-8oo-742-3I5o, EXT. 137 · BoxF · 338 PLusH MILL RoAD· WALuNGFORD, PA 19086 ception dividing Friends: a Qoakerism rooted fRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 29 FRIENDLY LEADERS Books TRANSLATE YOUR CORE BEUEFS Speaking as a Friend: INTO EFFECIIVE ORGANIZATIONAL ACI'ION Essays Interpreting Our Quaker methods underlie the strongest modern management techniques. Work with a Friendly organizational consultant who shares your values and Christian Faith has put them into dynamic practice in family business, school, human service By Dean Freiday. Barclay Press, Newberg, agency, and corporate settings. Public or private sector, any locale. Oreg., 1995. 116 pages. $12/paperback. ORGANIZATIONAL DEVELOPMENT•CHANGE MANAGEMENT•TEAM BunDING• WoRK PROCESS Dean Freiday has authored several books REDESIGN•INDIVIDuAL AND GRoUP RoiE CoNSULTATION•'CoUABORATIVE U:AI>ERSHJP' and articles ofQuaker scholarship. He is best TRAINING•CoNFUcr RESownoN• AlDANa DEVELOPMENT known for his Modern English Edition of Barclay's Apology, the greatest single work GEMINI ALLIANCE DIANE CANO, PRINGPAL of Quaker self-interpretation to the wider Christian world. But few Friends know ofhis 327 FOURm STREET#1R, BROOKLYN, NY 11215 decades of work representing Friends to the DHCANO®AOL.COM PH.: (718) 832-0678, FAX: (718) 832-3684 National and World Councils of Churches. That ecumenical witness entered a crisis in 1975, when the World Council chose to define Christian unity in terms of"eucharisitc fellowship." To establish future Christian dia­ logue and collaboration upon the practice of Friends educators worldwide are gathering at West­ Second ritual sacraments was a senseless blunder. town School for a once-in-a-decade opportunity to Differences in sacramental theology and prac­ International forge links of community from kindergarten class­ tice have occasioned virulent divisions, even Congress rooms to graduate studies. Join the conversation wars, among churches. That tragic histocy pro­ begun at Guilford in 1988. vided one reason for the Quaker renunciation on of outward sacraments in the 1650s. From a Sponsored by Friends Council on Education, Friends Quaker viewpoint, a sacramental definition Quaker Association for Higher Education, and Westtown of Christian· unity amounted to an (uninten­ tional) invitation out of the World CounciL School, celebrating its bicentennial. Education Speaki.ng as a Friend is a little volume of •••••••••••••••••••••••••• • 41 essays occasioned over the past two decades June 19-22,1997 by Dean Freiday's ecumenical efforts. His "Biblical Evidence for the Sacraments" Westtown School ~l~Rif~ ~f [~~N~f IN [~MM~NilY (1977) responded to the wee crisis. The essay amply shows, with the aid of leading Send for registration packet • Culture Crossing: Studies and • Sertlce in a Changing World New Testament scholars, how far removed (March I mailing) to: Students, Partnerships and • Governance Challenges Projects • Defusing the Literary Canon formal sacraments are from any clear biblical Pat Macpherson • Teaching Science: Collobora· • Do Friends Hove a Pedagogy? mandate. It ends with some pointed queries Westtown School, Westtown, PA 19395 tlons and Community Actions • QuakerValues in to the WCC. A follow-up essay provides an Voice: (610) 459 5795 Fax: (610) 399-6967 • Living with Violence, Teaching Non-Quaker Settings engaging narrative ofecumenical events lead­ E-mail: [email protected] for Peace • Integrating Faith and Learning ing up to this crisis and some of Dean's • Maintaining Real Community • QuakerValues in Website: in the Age ofVirtual Reality Coeducation: What Works encounters in maintaining his witness in the http://forum.swarthmore.edu/fce/qe2 • The Arts ofSocial Change for Equality? face of mainstream Christian leaders gener­ ally oblivious (and sometimes hostile) to Friends understanding of the sacraments. Also included here is a later essay, "Friends: An Historically Normed Introduc­ tion" ( 1991 ). This piece could be useful to Friends struggling to make our faith compre­ hensible to other Christians, either informally or in local ecumenical groups. Teachi'ng and Learning The language of these essays is some­ times theologically technical (perhaps not .. .in the Quaker tradition since 1784 unduly, given their formal ecumenical con­ text). Nevertheless, a vital Christian faith and • Nursery Through Grade 12 generous, Friendly spirit consistently shine • Coed Student Body of 770 through. While Quaker witness is necessar­ • Inquiries from students and teachers encouraged. ily prophetic in its stance toward the wider church, Freiday's affirmative tone is essen­ tial to constructive dialogue today. He has served Friends faithfully, selflessly, and val­ iantly in this ministty of reconciliation. This book appears at time when Quaker MOSES BROWN SCHOOL ecumenical witness languishes. Evangelical 250 Lloyd Avenue • Providence, R.I. 02906 • 401-831-7350 elements in Friends United Meeting seek to cut that body's-last ties to the National and

30 January 1997 FRIENDS JOURNAL [~ .· ~ FRIENDS WORLD World Councils. Meanwhile, liberal Friends continue to romanticize the faiths offar-away ~ PROGRAM lands and cultures, oblivious to the "warts" that slowly grow on any tradition-not just Christianity. Both of these tendencies neglect LIVE, STUDY & WORK IN OTHER CULTURES the prophetic Christian vocation of Friends to critique and embrace the larger Judea­ WHILE EARNING YOUR BACHELOR'S DEGREE Christian tradition to which Friends belong and are responsible. Dean Freiday deserves Year and semester programs in Japan, our gratitude for his Quaker contribution to China, Israel, India, Kenya, England or the Christian world. Speaking as a Friend is a Costa RJca ''testament ofdevotion" that I hope will draw other Friends into formal and informal ecu­ plus menical work. A year~long program In Comparative -Douglas Gwyn Religion & Culture in Japan, India Douglas Gwyn is a Friend-in-Residence at AND Israel Woodbroke College, Birmingham, UK, dur­ ing the 1996-97 year. Experiential learning through cultural immersion, academic seminars, and independent field study make In Brief Friends World the educational experience of a lifetime. Hungry Ghosts By Mary Taylor Previte. Zondervan Publish­ Friends World Program, Box CN ing House, Grand Rapids, Mich. , 1994. 271 Long Island University pages. $15.99/hardcover. Hungry Ghosts is 239 Montauk Highway an in-depth account of the author's experi­ Southampton, NY 11968 ence running a correctional facility designed (516) 287~8475 to rehabilitate young criminals. It covers the history of the center, some personal back­ grounds of the detainees, the methods the author used in working with them, and her many experiences with them. The bulk of her philosophy is composed of principles like respect, nonviolence, positive feedback when possible, and discipline--with the intent to correct rather than to exact vengeance--when neccesary. She also writes of the influences in her life that led her to the position, the most prominent of which was the three years she spent as a child in a Japanese concentration LEARNING FROM YESTERDAY. camp during World War II. Cuentos Panamenos By Richard Allen Bower. Friendship Press, New York. N.Y., 1993. 144 pages. $11.951 paperback. The hardships of rural Panamani­ ans who are faced with a shortage of jobs, resources, and money is the focus of Cuentos LIVING WITH RESPECT FOR Panameiios. The book is made up primarily of 14 short stories, each by a different author. These serve to present the daily routines and history of their village, Monte Claro, as well as the dreams, ambitions, joys, and sorrows of the people who write them. At the end is a TODAY AND TOMORROW. short index defining some ofthe Spanish words scattered throughout the book. -Cat Buckley

I 120 Meetinghouse Road . Gwynedd PA 19436 215/643-2200 . Nancy B. Gold, Dir. of Admissions

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FRIENDS JOURNAL January 1997 31 Milestones

Births/Adoptions Flaccus-Edward Flaccus, 75, on September 7, 1996, Bacon-Reminy Joy Bacon, on Aug.1 0, 1996, to at Kendal at Hanover, N.H. Elise and Jim Bacon of Purchase (N.Y.) Meeting. Edward, a member of James-Larina James, on Sept. 23, 1996, to Bennington (Vt.) Meeting, Alison and Than James of Burlington (Vt.) was born in Lansdowne, Pa. Meeting. He was educated at Friends Central School in Philadel­ Short-Gabriel Short, on Aug. 26, 1996, to phia and graduated from Laura N. Short and William Drummond. Laura is Haverford College in 1942. a member of Haverford (Pa.) Meeting. Drafted in 1942, he served three and a half years in Civilian Public Service. Af­ Marriages/Unions ter World War II, Edward Clifton-Davis-Robert Davis and Catherine did volunteer relief work Clifton, on May 15, 1996, under the care of for the AFSC in the British Hamilton (N.Y.) Meeting, of which Catherine is a Zone ofGermany in 1946- member. 47, working with German nationals and displaced , Courtenay-McAllester-David P. MeA/lester persons. During this term of service he met and was sentenced to three years in Texarkana Federal and Beryl Courtenay, on Aug. II, 1996, at and married Sally Emlen in 1947. Edward returned to Prison for opposing conscription. He was paroled under the care of South Berkshire (Mass.) the U.S. to teach biology and German at the sec­ after 13 months to be the executive secretary of the Meeting. ondary school level in New England and continue American Friends Service Committee office in Grundy-Nydam-David Lee Nydam and Anne his education, receiving an MS in biology from the Seattle, Wash. Two years later he became the Edmunds Grundy, on Aug. 31, 1996, under the University ofNew Hampshire and a PhD in botany/ executive secretary of the AFSC office in Pasa­ care of Cleveland (Ohio) Meeting, of which ecology from Duke University in 1959. From 1958 dena, Calif. In 1949 he directed the Quaker relief Anne is a member. to 1968 he taught biology at the University of program in the Gaza Strip, and later was the first Minnesota, Duluth. After a year as visiting scien­ director of the UN's refugee program for over lrish-Tatman-Robert Fry Tatman and Terry tist at Brookhaven National Lab and at SUNY 200,000 Palestinian refugees. In 1952 the Johnsons Ann Irish, on July 20, 1996, under the care of Stonybrook, N.Y., he taught at Bennington Col­ became involved with an AFSC social and techni­ Upper Dublin (Pa.) Meeting, of which both are lege from 1969 until his retirement in 1986. cal assistance program in Jordan until 1956. In members. Throughout his life, Edward and his wife worked 1957 Paul organized the Quaker Conference for Jones-Long-Lionel Long and Sandra Jones, on actively on concerns for peace, human rights, and Diplomats in Ceylon. From 1958 to 1968 he was April 5, 1996. Sandra is a member of New fair housing, often helping and witnessing for non­ director ofthe Diplomats Program in Europe, based Brunswick (N.J.) Meeting. violence and justice. He was outspoken against in Geneva, Switzerland. During those years he was military involvement in Vietnam, and did draft detached from the program to under:take surveys Kissii-Hewitt-Mark Hewitt and Mia Kissi/, on counseling for conscientious objectors. He was of West Africa and Cambodia with his wife. In June 6, 1996, under the care of Summit (N.J.) 1967 he worked in Southeast Asia to establish a Meeting, of which Mia is a member. active in various capacities in the Religious Soci­ ety of Friends. He was also very active in environ­ Quaker aid program in North Vietnam. In 1964-5 Sweeny-Dresser-Todd Dresser and Katy mental issues of conservation, preservation, and he was a Fellow at the Center for the Study of Sweeny, on June 9, 1996, under the care of pollution, forming a lifelong link with his profes­ Democratic Institutions in Santa Barbara, Cali( Hamilton (N.Y.) Meeting, of which both are sional work as an ecologist. Edward was preceded Returning to the Middle East in 1968, Paul worked members. in death by his wife, Sally, in 1992. He leaves two for the AFSC to better understand the region's Van Arkel-Dear-Marc Dear and Marianne daughters, Jennifer Flaccus and Lynne Flaccus; a conflict and to seek solutions. Both Paul and Jean Van Arkel, on June 29, 1996, under the care of son, Christopher Flaccus; three grandchildren; a were members of the working party that prepared Haverford (Pa.) Meeting. brother, Louis Flaccus; and several nieces and the AFSC-sponsored publication, Search for Peace nephews. in the Middle East. In 1974 the Johnsons retired to Santa Barbara, Calif., where Paul served as clerk Deaths Hoopes-Hazelette Hoopes, 98, on June 25, 1996, of Santa Barbara (Calif.) Meeting and on Ministry in Reading, Pa. Hazelette served Reading (Pa.) and Oversight. Paul took voice lessons and learned Buskirk-Rosamond "Bobby" Buskirk, 79,onJune Meeting as an overseer and on Representative to read music, and he and Jean traveled to see and 8, 1996 in Ocala, Fla. A member of Gainesville Meeting for many years. She was active in the hear outstanding opera performances. In 1990 they (Fla.) Meeting, Bobby raised three children practi­ community in the American Association of Uni­ moved to Friends House in Santa Rosa, Calif. Paul cally alone and worked as a night postal clerk for versity Women, the United Way, the Reading Pub­ served on Ministry and Worship ofRedwood Forest 17 years. Her creative skills as an artist were strik­ lic Library, the Reading school board, and numer­ (Calif.) Meeting. Paul is survived by Jean, his wife ing and memorable. She worked with a sure, deft ous other endeavors. She always tried to make of 60 years; and two brothers, Richard and David. touch in three media: blocks of wood and lino­ everyone, big or small, feel welcome. She noticed leum, pastels for portraits, and people. She nur­ others' accomplishments and never failed to tell Tatman-Thomas Cooper Tatman, 78, on Feb. 27, 1996, at Bryn Mawr, Pa., Hospital. Born in tured Phil Buskirk, whom she married in 1973, them so. Hazelette was a Friend who truly put her reciprocally until his death in 1995. Though seri­ faith into practice. She was preceded in death by Philadelphia, Pa., where he attended Penn Charter School, Thomas graduated from Haverford Col­ ously ill during her last year, she remained strong, her husband, Darlington. She is survived by a gracious, and patient with hope and cheer. Her daughter, Delite Hoopes Hawk; two sons, lege and received an MA in Germanic philology carefully chosen words in Quaker meetings (Mi­ Darlington Jr. and Ray Hoopes; 12 grandchildren; from Harvard University, followed by further gradu­ ate study in Germanics at the University of Penn­ ami, Gainesville, and South Eastern Yearly Meet­ and seven great-grandchildren. ing) were offered with loving wisdom, wit, and sylvania. He was drafted into the U.S. Army in Johnson-Paul Browning Johnson, 86, on July 1941. Following the war he taught foreign lan­ commitment. In her cheerful greeting of that of 13, 1996, in Santa Rosa, Calif. Born in Duluth, God in every person, and in her encouraging lead­ guages at Temple University and Lincoln Univer­ Minn., Paul graduated from Antioch College in ership ofthe Spirit, she was a role model in Friends sity, as well as at Friends Select School in Philadel­ Ohio in 1932, followed by graduate work in sociol­ committees and First-day school classes. She was phia. A member of Merion (Pa.) Meeting, he was ogy at the University of Wisconsin. He worked sweet-spirited, beautifully gracious, gentle, and active in Philadelphia Yearly Meeting, serving on with the Federal Transient Bureau and was man­ dedicated. Bobby is survived by her son, Robert Representative Meeting and on several commit­ ager of the Tennessee Valley Authority's Handi­ Slane; daughters Sally Gillespie and Susanna tees, including the International Relations Com­ craft Cooperative. In 1936 he married his Antioch Powers; and five grandchildren. mittee. He served as Overseer and on numerous classmate, Jean Hanson. During World War II he committees at Merion Meeting, where he was a

32 January 1997 fRIENDS JOURNAL valued and beloved member for over 50 years. He Lawrence moved to Richmond, Ind., and became store, Robert and Rachel made countless fiiendships was a member ofth e Friends Historical Association, members ofC lear Creek (Ind.) Meeting. Following and contacts in the Lititz community, where he the Modem Language Association, the American Lawrence's death, Evelyn returned to Cincinnati was known to be fair and honest and as much in the Association of Teachers of German, the American and joined Eastern Hills (Ohio) Meeting. She was trade of stories and jokes as of hardware. He later Association ofUniversity Professors, and the board active in the life of all the meetings of which she learned the trade of locksmithing. His testimonies of Haverford College. Thomas is survived by his was a part. Evelyn was interested in amateur radio of fiiendship and honesty and a kindly interest in wife, Olive Bates Tatman; a son, Robert Tatman, operation and became the first president of the others was consistently demonstrated throughout two daughters, Katherine Blackman and Sarah International Organization of Women Radio Op­ his numerous associations. Having a generous and Yeager; two grandsons; and a sister, Ann I. Tatman. erators in the 1950s. She was a strong advocate for nondiscriminatory nature led to memberships in Tibbits-Eve/yn Kellogg Tibbits, 97, on May 22, responsible end-of-life planning. Evelyn was an groups as diverse as the Veterans of Foreign Wars 1996, in Cincinnati, Ohio. Born in Joliet, Ill., Evelyn enthusiastic swimmer and bridge player, a great (though not a veteran), the board of the Lancaster studied economics at the University of Chicago, listener, and a forward-thinking person. She is sur­ Peace Education Project, the Masonic Order, Shrine where she met Lawrence Tibbits. They were mar­ vived by two daughters, Lyn Tibbits Day and Margot and Consistory, the Lancaster County Conservancy, ried in 1923 in the University of Chicago chapel Tibbits Slocum; four grandchildren; and six great­ and the Young Businessman's League of Lititz. In and later raised two daughters. Evelyn and grandchildren. 1994-95 he was the president of SHHH, a self­ help group for the hearing impaired. As much as he Lawrence became Friends in the early 1950s when Trimble-Robert William Trimble, 81, on April they participated in Downers Grove (Ill.) Prepara­ II, 1996, in Lititz, Pa. Born in Coatesville, Pa., he enjoyed the company of others, especially his fam­ tive Meeting, and later were founding members of graduated from Pearce Business School and later ily, he deeply treasured solitary times with his that meeting. In 1961 they moved to Oxford, Ohio, helped establish his parents' hardware store. His sailboat. Robert was preceded in death by his first where they attended West Elkton (Ohio) Friends marriage to Rachel Webster introduced him to wife of 52 years, Rachel. He is survived by his Church before helping to organize Oxford Pre­ Quakerism, and with her he was a founding mem­ second wife, Esther Martin Trimble; and his twin parative Meeting. A few years later Evelyn and ber of Lancaster (Pa.) Meeting. From the hardware sons, Phillip and David Trimble.

Hawaii-Island of Kaual. Cozy housekeeping cottages. Classified Peace, palms, privacy. $SO/nightly. 147 Royal Drive, Books and Publications Kapaa, Hl 96746. (808) 822·2321. For Information call (215) 241-7279. 55¢ per word. Minimum charge is $11. Quaker House, Managua, Nicaragua. Simple hospitality; Wider Quaker Fellowship' s mailings (in English and/or Add 10% if boxed. 1Oo/o discount for three shared kitchen. Reservations: 011-505-2-663216 (Span­ Spanish) are a view into the wider Quaker world. Brief consecutive insertions, 25% for six. ish) or 01 1-505-2·660984 (English). readings nurture the spirit and call Friends and friends of Friends to witness. The Fellowship has been open to all Appearance of any advertisement does not An oasis of calm In the heart of London? Yes, at the imply endorsement by Friends. Journal. since 1936. Gilt memberships are encouraged; we need Quaker International Centre, where short-, medium-, and and welcome financial support. 1506 Race Street, Phila­ longer-term accommodation is available as well as con­ delphia, PA 19102-1498, USA, (215)241-7293; a program Classified Ad Deadlines: ference facilities. Excellent homemade food. For further of Friends World Committee for Consultation, Section of information contact telephone: (0 March issue: January 13 171 ) 387-5648, fax: the Americas. April issue: February 10 (0171) 383-3722, or write to: 1 Byng Place, London WC1E7JH. Submit your ad to: Worship In Song: A Friends Hymnal, 335 songs, his­ Looking for a creative living alternative in New York torical notes, indexes, durable hardcover, available early Advertising Manager, Friends Journal City? Penington Friends House may be the place for you! September. $20/copy (U.S. funds) plus shipping/han­ 1501 Cherry Street We are looking for people of all ages who want to make a dling. Soltcover spiral copies at same price. Call for Philadelphia, PA 19102·1497 serious commitment to a community lifestyle based on quantity rates. Order FGC Bookstore, 1216 Arch Street, Fax : (215)~1377 Quaker principles. For information call (212) 673-1730. 2B Philadelphia PA 19107 or call (800) 966-4556. We also have overnight accommodations. Accommodations Bookstore. Serving Friends and seekers Assistance Sought m worldwide with Ouaker-felated books and curricula for all ages. Materials to meet needs Big Island Friends invite you into th eir homes for mutual Housing needed for Friends (family of four) in the Santa Quaker sharing. Donations. HC1, Box 12-0, Captain and interests of individuals, religious educators, and Fe or Albuquerque, N. Mex., area. Need to house-sit or Cook, Hl96704. (808) 328-8711,325-7323, or 322-3116. spiritual communities. Free catalog of over 500 titles. rent for below market value temporarily until job found. Religious education consu~at ion. Call, write, or visit: Texas. Quaker-owned RV park in beautiful Texas Hill Moving due to wife's health needs. Call: Stephen Sank Friends General Conference Bookstore, 1216 Arch Street, Country. Near Quakerland Friends Community and Hill (609) 858-0633 or Shelly (505) 983-7241 . 2B, Philadelphia, PA 19107, M-F 9 a.m.--4:30p.m. EST, Country Monthly Meeting. Full hookups, trees, wide (600) 966-4556. spaces. Armadillo Junction RV Park, P.O. Box 592, Ramallah Friends Meeting needs financial help with Ingram, Texas 78025-0592, e-mail: [email protected], or their Play Center Program for 50 five-year-Qid West Bank (SOC) 238-2848. refugee children. Dear Friends, we depend on you to help Quaker Books. Rare and out-Quaker life-care community. Concerned c5tngkQ 7250. Fax: (215) 241-7285. Thoughtfully designed cottages complemented by attrac­ tive dining facilities, auditorium, library, and full medical Concerned Singles Newsletter links compatible, so­ The completed applications should be returned to the Clerk of the Search Commntee: Neil H. Hartman, 11 0 S. protection. Setting is a wonderful combination of rural cially conscious singles who care about peace, social and university environment. Entry fees from justice, civil rights, gender equHy, and the environment. Church Street, Moorestown, NJ 08057, U.S.A., for re­ ceipt by January 31, 1997. $42,000-$147,000; monthly fees from $1,205-$2,437. Nationwide. All ages. Since 1984. Free sample: Box 444- 500 East Marylyn Avenue, Department F, State College, An Equal Opportunity Employer FJ, Lenox Dale, MA 01242, or (413) 445-6309. PA 16801-6269. Telephone: (800) 253-4951.

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Friendly, experienced service; community center with dining room, pool, bank, shops, The Quaker School at Horsham, a value-centered el­ domestic and international; overnight exercise room, on-site health center, physicians' offices, ementary and middle school for students with learning delivery. (800) 888-4099. beauty and barber shops. Monthly fee includes daily differences. Small, remedial classes, qualified staff, serv­ meal, housekeeping, linens, maintenance. Close to hos­ ing Philadelphia, Bucks, and Montgomery Counties. 318 pital, shopping, educational and cu~ural opportunities, Meeting House Road, Horsham, PA 19044. (215) 674- Wedding Certificates, birth testimonials, poetry, gifts all parks, and historic saes. Ready for oocupancy in late 2875. done in beautiful calligraphy and watercolor illumination. 1996. For more information please call (908) 722-4888 or Book early for spring weddings. Write or call Leslie write: Arbor Glen, 100 Monroe Street, Bridgewater, NJ Lansdowne Friends School-A small Friends school for Mitchell, 2840 Bristol Rd., Bensalem, PP.. 19020. (215) boys and girls three years 08807. of age through sixth grade, 752-5554. rooted in Quaker values. We provide children with a quality academic and a developmentally appropriate pro­ Moving to North carolina? Maybe David Brown, a Quaker gram in a nurturing environment. Whole language, real estate broker, can help. Contact him at 1208 Pine­ thematic education, conflict resolution, Spanish, after­ wood Dr., Greensboro, NC 27410. (910) 294-2095. school care, summer program. 11 0 N. Lansdowne Avenue, Lansdowne, PA 19050. (610) 623-2548. United Friends School: coed; preschool-8; emphasiz­ ~tudios ~~ ing integrated, developmentally appropriate curriculum, SERVICES FOR OLDER PEOPLE including whole language and manipulative math; serving upper Bucks County. 20 South 10th Street, Quakertown, PA 18951. (215) 538-1733. Marriage certificates, Announcements, Invitations, etc. All Kendal communaies and services reflect our sound The Meeting School: a Quaker alternative high school Do justice to your event with our calligraphy and award­ Quaker management, adherence to Friendly values, and for 30 students who want an education and life­ winning graphic design. (800) 763-0053. respect for each individual. Full service continuing care style promoting Friends testimonies of peace, equality, retirement communities: and simplicity. Students live in faculty homes, sharing Friends Helping Friends Grow. Investment certificates Kendal at Longwood; Crosslands - Kennett Square, meals, campus work, silence, community decision Pa. are available from Friends Extension Corporation. These making. Characteristic classes include: Conflict Resolu­ investments promote the growth of Friends by providing Kendal at Hanover • Hanover, N.H. tion, Native American Studies, Ecology, Human Rights, Kendal at Oberlin • Oberlin, Ohio Alternative Housing, Mythology, Quantum Physics. Col­ low cost loans to build new facilities or renovate existing Kendal at Ithaca •Ithaca, N.Y. facilities. For information contact Margaret Bennington, lege preparatory and alternative graduation plans. Wooded 101 Quaker Hill Drive, Richmond, IN 47374. Telephone: Independent living wah residential services and access rural setting near MI. Monadnock; organic garden, draft to health care: horses, sheep, poultry. Annual four-week intensive inde­ (317) 962-7573. Conlston and Certmel • Kennett Square, Pa. pendent study projects. The Meeting School, 56 Thomas We are a fellowship, Friends mostly, seeking to enrich Individualized skilled nursing care, respite care, Road, Rindge, NH 03461. (603) 899-3366. and expand our spiritual experience. We seek to obey Alzheimer's care, and personal care residences: the promptings of the Spirit, however named. We meet, Barclay Friends • West Chester, Pa. Stratford Friends School provides a strong academic publish, correspond. Inquiries welcome! Write Quaker For information call or write: Doris Lambert, The Kendal program in a warm, supportive, ungraded setting for · Universalist Fellowship, 121 Watson Mill Road, Corporation, P.O. Box 100, Kennett Square, PA 19348. children ages 5 to 13 who learn differently. Small classes Landenberg, PA 1935Q-9344. (610) 388-5581 . and an enriched curriculum answer the needs of the whole child. An at-risk program for five-year-olds is avail­ Low-Cost Full Internet for Friends through Penn'sNet able. The school also offers an extended day program, from anywhere in the U.S. or world; PC or Mac. $9.50/ tutoring, and summer school. Information: Stratford month plus usage charges of $1 to about $3/hour. Ben­ Friends School, 5 Llandillo Road, Havertown, PA 19083. efits William Penn House. Contact: Penn'sNet, 515 E. FRIENDS HOMES (610) 446-3144. Capitol Street, Washington, DC 20003. Junior high boarding school for grades 7, 8, 9. Small, Marriage Certificates. Fine calligraphy in traditional plain academic classes, challenging outdoor experiences, com­ styles or decorated with beautiful, custom-designed bor­ West munity service, consensus decision making, dally work ders. Also Family Trees for holiday gifts, births, projects in a small, caring, community environment. Arthur anniversaries, family reunions. Call or write Carol Simon Morgan School, 1901 Hannah Branch Road, Burnsville, Sexton, Clear Creek Design, 820 West Main Street, Rich­ Friends Homes West, the new continuing care retire­ NC 28714. (704) 675-4262. mond, IN 47374. (317) 962-1 794. ment community In Greensboro, North Carolina, is now open. Friends Homes West is owned by Friends Homes, Inc., specialists in retirement living since 1968. Friends Services Offered Summer Camps Homes West includes 171 apartments for independent living and on-site health care services in the 28 private Friends Music Camp: Fantastic music-Quaker-commu­ Arborvitae Tree care. Jonathan Falroaks-Certified Ar­ rooms of the Assisted Living Unit or the 40 private rooms nity experience, ages 1Q-18. FMC, P.O. Box 427, Yellow borist, for all your Arboreal needs. Scientific Tree Care, of the Skilled Care Nursing Unit. Enjoy a beautiful com­ Springs, OH 45387. (937) 767-1311 or (937) 767-1818. munity in a location with temperate winters and changing beautifully done. 608 Green Ridge Road, Glenmoore, PA 19343. (610) 458-9756. seasons. For more information, please call (910) 292- r'"':. camp Woodbrooke, Wisconsin. A caring 9952, or write Friends Homes West, 6100 West Friendly camp to make friends, have fun, develop skills, and learn about the environment. Road, Greensboro, NC 27410. Wedding Certificates, beautifully handwritten. Plain or fancy. Samples on request. Diane Amarotico. (541) 482- Quaker leadership. 36 Boys and Gins; ages 7155. 7-12; 2- or 3-week Sessions. Jenny Lang, 795 Beverly Place, Lake Forest, IL 60045. Schools (847) 295-5705, or e-mail: alang@ Marriage Certificates. Send for free package, "Planning xnet.com. Come visit Olney Friends School on your cross-country your Quaker Wedding.• Samples of wedding certificates, travels, six miles south of 1-70 in the green hills of invitations, artwork, ideas, tips, more! Gay and lesbian eastern Ohio. A residential high school and farm, next to couples welcome. Write Jennifer Snowolff Designs, 306 Stillwater Meetinghouse, Olney is college preparation S. Fairmount Street, #1, Pittsburgh, PA 15232. Call: Summer Rentals built around truthful thinking, Inward listening, loving com­ (412) 361-1666, any day, time before 9 p.m. E-mail: Prince Edward Island, Cenada. Follow the blue herons munity, and useful work. 61830 Sandy Ridge Road, [email protected]. to clear skies, berry picking, fresh seafood, warm swim­ Barnesville, Ohio, 43713. (614) 425-3655. ming, and private picnics on miles of clean sand beaches. Socially Responsible Investing Westbury Friends School-Safe, nurturing Quaker Splendid view from new bay-front cottage. 1 1/2 baths. Using client-specified social criteria, I screen invest­ $550 per week. Available June and July. (902) 469-4151 . environment for 100 children, nursery-grade 6, on beau­ ments. I use a financial planning approach to portfolio tiful 17- acre grounds. Small classes and dedicated management by identifying individual objectives and de­ teachers. Music, art, computers, Spanish, and gym. Ex­ signing an investment strategy. I work with individuals tended-day, vacation-holiday, and summer programs. and businesses. Call Sacha Millstone; Raymond, James Half- and full-day nursery, preK. Brochure: Westbury & Associates, Inc., member NYSE, SIPC. (202) 789- Friends School, 550 Post Avenue, Westbury, NY 11590. 0585 in Washington, D.C., area, or (800) 982-3035. (516) 333-3178.

FRIENDS JOURNAL January ] 997 CREMATION, SIMPLE BURIAL OR TRADITIONAL BURIAL NEW BENEFITS New Benefits are available to provide up to half of the costs of either burial services or cremation services for any member of the PHILA. YEARLY MEETING. The maximum benefit available is up to $4,000.00 per member of the PHILA. YEARLY MEETING. This new pilot program is available now and is in addition to the AnnaT. Jeanes Fund. Yerkes Funeral Home, Inc. 2811 W. Chester Pike, Broomall and 8645 W. Chester Pike, U ppcr Darby will be administering and providing these benefits to the PHILA. YEARLY MEETING members in PA & N.J. Locations other than Broomall and Upper Darby are available in Eastern PA, Philadelphia, Central PA, and South Jersey. For services or information please call: (610) 356-0500 • (215) 729-4858 • (610) 446-4903 foR SIMPLE BURIAL, CREMATION OR TRADITIONAL BURIAL BENEFITS TO PHILA. YEARLY MEETING MEMBERS.