Notes on Sound Recording
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How to Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations Version June 2001
How To Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations Version June 2001 Thomas Geissmann Institute of Zoology, Tierärztliche Hochschule Hannover, D-30559 Hannover, Germany E-mail: [email protected] Key Words: Sound, vocalisation, song, call, tape-recorder, microphone Clarence R. Carpenter at Doi Dao (north of Chiengmai, Thailand) in 1937, with the parabolic reflector which was used for making the first sound- recordings of wild gibbons (from Carpenter, 1940, p. 26). Introduction Ornithologists have been exploring the possibilities and the methodology of tape- recording and archiving animal sounds for many decades. Primatologists, however, have only recently become aware that tape-recordings of primate sound may be just as valuable as traditional scientific specimens such as skins or skeletons, and should be preserved for posterity. Audio recordings should be fully documented, archived and curated to ensure proper care and accessibility. As natural populations disappear, sound archives will become increasingly important. This is an introductory text on how to tape-record primate vocalisations. It provides some information on the advantages and disadvantages of various types of equipment, and gives some tips for better recordings of primate vocalizations, both in the field and in the zoo. Ornithologists studying bird sound have to deal with very similar problems, and their introductory texts are recommended for further study (e.g. Budney & Grotke 1997; © Thomas Geissmann Geissmann: How to Tape-Record Primate Vocalisations 2 Kroodsman et al. 1996). For further information see also the websites listed at the end of this article. As a rule, prices for sound equipment go up over the years. Prices for equipment discussed below are in US$ and should only be used as very rough estimates. -
Jean Harlow ~ 20 Films
Jean Harlow ~ 20 Films Harlean Harlow Carpenter - later Jean Harlow - was born in Kansas City, Missouri on 3 March 1911. After being signed by director Howard Hughes, Harlow's first major appearance was in Hell's Angels (1930), followed by a series of critically unsuccessful films, before signing with Metro-Goldwyn- Mayer in 1932. Harlow became a leading lady for MGM, starring in a string of hit films including Red Dust (1932), Dinner At Eight (1933), Reckless (1935) and Suzy (1936). Among her frequent co-stars were William Powell, Spencer Tracy and, in six films, Clark Gable. Harlow's popularity rivalled and soon surpassed that of her MGM colleagues Joan Crawford and Norma Shearer. By the late 1930s she had become one of the biggest movie stars in the world, often nicknamed "The Blonde Bombshell" and "The Platinum Blonde" and popular for her "Laughing Vamp" movie persona. She died of uraemic poisoning on 7 June 1937, at the age of 26, during the filming of Saratoga. The film was completed using doubles and released a little over a month after Harlow's death. In her brief life she married and lost three husbands (two divorces, one suicide) and chalked up 22 feature film credits (plus another 21 short / bit-part non-credits, including Chaplin's City Lights). The American Film Institute (damning with faint praise?) ranked her the 22nd greatest female star in Hollywood history. LIBERTY, BACON GRABBERS and NEW YORK NIGHTS (all 1929) (1) Liberty (2) Bacon Grabbers (3) New York Nights (Harlow left-screen) A lucky few aspiring actresses seem to take the giant step from obscurity to the big time in a single bound - Lauren Bacall may be the best example of that - but for many more the road to recognition and riches is long and grinding. -
Film Vocabulary
Film Vocabulary Film-making terms are not always so easy to grasp. Here are some words that you might want to incorporate in your review. 3D. A film that has a three-dimensional, stereoscopic form or appearance, giving the life- like illusion of depth; often achieved by viewers donning special red/blue (or green) or polarized lens glasses; when 3-D images are made interactive so that users feel involved with the scene, the experience is called virtual reality. ADAPTATION. the presentation of one art form through another medium; a film based upon, derived from a stage play, short story, book, article, history, novel, video game, comic strip or similar, which basically preserves both the setting and dialogue of the original. ANIMATION. Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit and then photographing the result with a special animation camera. When the frames are strung together and the resulting film is viewed at a speed of 16 or more frames per second, there is an illusion of continuous movement . Generating such a film is very labor intensive and tedious, though the development of computer animation has greatly sped up the process. ANTAGONIST. An antagonist is a character, group of characters, or an institution, that represents the opposition against which the protagonist must contend. In the classic style of story wherein the action consists of a hero fighting a villain, the two can be regarded as protagonist and antagonist, respectively. -
Common Tape Manipulation Techniques and How They Relate to Modern Electronic Music
Common Tape Manipulation Techniques and How They Relate to Modern Electronic Music Matthew A. Bardin Experimental Music & Digital Media Center for Computation & Technology Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803 [email protected] ABSTRACT the 'play head' was utilized to reverse the process and gen- The purpose of this paper is to provide a historical context erate the output's audio signal [8]. Looking at figure 1, from to some of the common schools of thought in regards to museumofmagneticsoundrecording.org (Accessed: 03/20/2020), tape composition present in the later half of the 20th cen- the locations of the heads can be noticed beneath the rect- tury. Following this, the author then discusses a variety of angular protective cover showing the machine's model in the more common techniques utilized to create these and the middle of the hardware. Previous to the development other styles of music in detail as well as provides examples of the reel-to-reel machine, electronic music was only achiev- of various tracks in order to show each technique in process. able through live performances on instruments such as the In the following sections, the author then discusses some of Theremin and other early predecessors to the modern syn- the limitations of tape composition technologies and prac- thesizer. [11, p. 173] tices. Finally, the author puts the concepts discussed into a modern historical context by comparing the aspects of tape composition of the 20th century discussed previous to the composition done in Digital Audio recording and manipu- lation practices of the 21st century. Author Keywords tape, manipulation, history, hardware, software, music, ex- amples, analog, digital 1. -
Direct-To-Master Recording
Direct-To-Master Recording J. I. Agnew S. Steldinger Magnetic Fidelity http://www.magneticfidelity.com info@magneticfidelity.com July 31, 2016 Abstract Direct-to-Master Recording is a method of recording sound, where the music is performed entirely live and captured directly onto the master medium. This is usually done entirely in the analog domain using either magnetic tape or a phonograph disk as the recording medium. The result is an intense and realistic sonic image of the performance with an outstandig dynamic range. 1 The evolution of sound tracks can now also be edited note by note to recording technology compile a solid performance that can be altered or \improved" at will. Sound recording technology has greatly evolved This technological progress has made it pos- since the 1940's, when Direct-To-Master record- sible for far less competent musicians to make ing was not actually something special, but more a more or less competent sounding album and like one of the few options for recording music. for washed out rock stars who, if all put in the This evolution has enabled us to do things that same room at the same time, would probably would be unthinkable in those early days, such as murder each other, to make an album together. multitrack recording, which allows different in- Or, at least almost together. This ability, how- struments to be recorded at different times, and ever, comes at a certain cost. The recording pro- mixed later to create what sounds like a perfor- cess has been broken up into several stages, per- mance by many instruments at the same time. -
Automation: from Consoles to Daws
California State University, Monterey Bay Digital Commons @ CSUMB Capstone Projects and Master's Theses Capstone Projects and Master's Theses 12-2016 Automation: From Consoles to DAWs Christian Ekeke California State University, Monterey Bay Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/caps_thes_all Part of the Music Education Commons Recommended Citation Ekeke, Christian, "Automation: From Consoles to DAWs" (2016). Capstone Projects and Master's Theses. 41. https://digitalcommons.csumb.edu/caps_thes_all/41 This Capstone Project (Open Access) is brought to you for free and open access by the Capstone Projects and Master's Theses at Digital Commons @ CSUMB. It has been accepted for inclusion in Capstone Projects and Master's Theses by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ CSUMB. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Christian Ekeke 12/19/16 Capstone 2 Dr. Lanier Sammons Automation: From Consoles to DAWs Since the beginning of modern music there has always been a need to implement movement into a mix. Whether it is bringing down dynamics for a classic fade out or a filter sweep slowly building into a chorus, dynamic activity in a song has always been pleasing to the average music listeners. The process that makes these mixing techniques possible is automation. Before I get into details about automation in regards to mixing I will explain common ways automation is used. Automation in a nutshell is the use of various techniques, method, and system of operating or controlling a process by highly automatic means generally through electronic devices. In music however, automation is simply the use of a combination of multiple control devices to alter parameters in real time while a mix is being played. -
Home Audio Taping of Copyrighted Works and the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992: a Critical Analysis Joel L
Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal Volume 16 | Number 2 Article 4 1-1-1993 Home Audio Taping of Copyrighted Works and the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992: A Critical Analysis Joel L. McKuin Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/ hastings_comm_ent_law_journal Part of the Communications Law Commons, Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Joel L. McKuin, Home Audio Taping of Copyrighted Works and the Audio Home Recording Act of 1992: A Critical Analysis, 16 Hastings Comm. & Ent. L.J. 311 (1993). Available at: https://repository.uchastings.edu/hastings_comm_ent_law_journal/vol16/iss2/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Law Journals at UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Hastings Communications and Entertainment Law Journal by an authorized editor of UC Hastings Scholarship Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Home Audio Taping of Copyrighted Works and The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992: A Critical Analysis by JOEL L. McKuIN* Table of Contents I. Home Taping: The Problem and its Legal Status ....... 315 A. Constitutional and Statutory Background ........... 315 B. Home Taping or Home "Taking"?: The History of Home Taping's Legal Status ........................ 318 C. New Technologies Sharpen the Home Taping Problem ............................................ 321 1. The DAT Debacle .............................. 321 2. Other New Technologies ........................ 322 II. The Audio Home Recording Act of 1992 (AHRA) ..... 325 A. Serial Copy Management System (SCMS) .......... 325 B. Royalties on Digital Hardware and Media .......... 326 C. Prohibition of Copyright Infringement Actions ..... 328 III. -
Chapter 10 • Digital Audio Recording Devices And
Chapter 10 1 Digital Audio Recording Devices and Media section page 1001 Definitions ................................................274 1002 Incorporation of copying controls ..............................276 1003 Obligation to make royalty payments ...........................277 1004 Royalty payments . 278 1005 Deposit of royalty payments and deduction of expenses . 279 1006 Entitlement to royalty payments . 279 1007 Procedures for distributing royalty payments . 281 1008 Prohibition on certain infringement actions ......................282 1009 Civil remedies ..............................................282 1010 Determination of certain disputes . 284 § 1001 Digital Audio Recording Devices and Media subchapter a — defiNitioNs § 1001 · Definitions As used in this chapter, the following terms have the following meanings: (1) A “digital audio copied recording” is a reproduction in a digital re- cording format of a digital musical recording, whether that reproduction is made directly from another digital musical recording or indirectly from a transmission. (2) A “digital audio interface device” is any machine or device that is de- signed specifically to communicate digital audio information and related interface data to a digital audio recording device through a nonprofessional interface. (3) A “digital audio recording device” is any machine or device of a type commonly distributed to individuals for use by individuals, whether or not included with or as part of some other machine or device, the digital record- ing function of which is designed or marketed for the primary purpose of, and that is capable of, making a digital audio copied recording for private use, except for— (A) professional model products, and (B) dictation machines, answering machines, and other audio record- ing equipment that is designed and marketed primarily for the creation of sound recordings resulting from the fixation of nonmusical sounds. -
Compact Disc Minidisc Deck
4-245-486-12(1) Compact Disc MiniDisc Deck Operating Instructions MXD-D400 ©2003 Sony Corporation Owner’s Record WARNING The model and serial numbers are located on the rear of the unit. Record the serial number in the space To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not provided below. Refer to them whenever you call upon expose the unit to rain or moisture. your Sony dealer regarding this product. To prevent fire, do not cover the ventilation of the Model No. MXD-D400 Seral No. apparatus with news papers, table-cloths, curtains, etc. And don’t place lighted candles on the apparatus. Caution To prevent fire or shock hazard, do not place objects The use of optical instruments with this product will filled with liquids, such as vases, on the apparatus increase eye hazard. This appliance is WARNING classified as a CLASS 1 This equipment has been tested and found to comply LASER product. This with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to label is located on the Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to rear exterior. provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This The following caution label is located inside the equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio apparatus. frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures: – Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. -
DOCUMENT RESUME CE 056 758 Central Florida Film Production Technology Training Program. Curriculum. Universal Studios Florida, O
DOCUMENT RESUME ED 326 663 CE 056 758 TITLE Central Florida Film Production Technology Training Program. Curriculum. INSTITUTION Universal Studios Florida, Orlando.; Valencia Community Coll., Orlando, Fla. SPONS AGENCY Office of Vocational and Adult Education (ED), Washington, DC. PUB DATE 90 CONTRACT V199A90113 NOTE 182p.; For a related final report, see CE 056 759. PUB TYPE Guides - Classroom Use - Teaching Guides (For Teacher) (052) EDRS PRICE MF01/PC08 Plus PoQtage. DESCRIPTORS Associate Degrees, Career Choice; *College Programs; Community Colleges; Cooperative Programs; Course Content; Curriculun; *Entry Workers; Film Industry; Film Production; *Film Production Specialists; Films; Institutional Cooperation; *Job Skills; *Occupational Information; On the Job Training; Photographic Equipment; *School TAisiness Relationship; Technical Education; Two Year Colleges IDENTIFIERS *Valencia Community College FL ABSTRACT The Central Florida Film Production Technology Training program provided training to prepare 134 persons for employment in the motion picture industry. Students were trained in stagecraft, sound, set construction, camera/editing, and post production. The project also developed a curriculum model that could be used for establishing an Associate in Science degree in film production technology, unique in the country. The project was conducted by a partnership of Universal Studios Florida and Valencia Community College. The course combined hands-on classroom instruction with participation in the production of a feature-length film. Curriculum development involved seminars with working professionals in the five subject areas, using the Developing a Curriculum (DACUM) process. This curriculum guide for the 15-week course outlines the course and provides information on film production careers. It is organized in three parts. Part 1 includes brief job summaries ofmany technical positions within the film industry. -
Stage Terminology 1. Character / Role -The Imaginary Person the Actor Pretends to Be 2. Actor / Performer -The “Real”
Stage Terminology 1. character / role -the imaginary person the actor pretends to be 2. actor / performer -the “real” person on stage 3. set -actual furniture or lack of on stage 4. cue -a signal to begin 5. sight cue -a visual signal to begin 6. sound cue -an auditory signal to begin 7. stage properties or props -an item used on stage 8. hand prop -an easily handled item used on stage 9. set prop -large prop, not easily moved 10. exposition -information explaining events 11. setting -time and place the story takes place 12. gesture -movement expressing emotions 13. dialogue -spoken words with another actor on stage 14. soliloquy -an actor speaking to oneself on stage, usually stating emotions and/or thoughts 15. monologue -scene for one actor 16. duet -scene for two actors 17. improvisation or improv -a scene performed with little or no rehearsal 18. pantomime -a scene performed with no dialogue or sound 19. stage business -any specific action other than movement performed on the stage such as picking up a book or turning on a TV. 20. stage right -movement on the actor’s right when facing the audience 21. stage left -movement on the actor’s left when facing the audience 22. downstage -moving towards the audience 23. upstage -moving away from the audience, or the improperly taking attention from an actor who should be the focus of interest. 24. actor position -how the actor is facing 25. full front -facing fully towards the audience 26. full back -actor’s back is to the audience 27. -
Attracting Film Production
Attracting Film Production The California Film Commission (CFC) prepared this manual for the sole purpose of presenting educational materials to the California Regional Film Offices. Various authors have granted the CFC permission to use their materials for this manual only. Please note this guide is for information purposes only. The CFC does not endorse the sources mentioned herein. Before using any sample legal documents, please consult your own legal counsel as appropriate. If you wish to copy any materials within this guide, credit must be given to the California Film Commission as the source for the material. California Film Commission 7080 Hollywood Blvd., Suite 900 Hollywood, CA 90028 (323) 860-2960 www.film.ca.gov table of contents I NTRODUCTION: WHAT IS FILM DEVELOPMENT? 3 THE CALIFORNIA FILM COMMISSION 5 CREATING A FILM DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM 7 PROMOTION 13 HOW TO PUBLICIZE SUCCESS 16 SUMMARY 18 FILM INDUSTRY TERMINOLOGY 19 OTHER FILM TERMINOLOGY 25 ADDENDUM 35 A TTACHMENTS: . STANDARD PHOTOGRAPHY/FILMING PE RMIT . SAMPLE CERTIFICATE OF INSURANCE MODEL . ORDINANCE & REGULATIONS . ECONOMIC IMPACT QUESTIONNAIRE California Film Commission | 323.860.2960 | www.film.ca.gov 2 introduction: what is film development? The motion picture industry employs an estimated 250,000 Californians. However, competition from other states and countries is luring a significant portion of film production away from California. Runaway production is the term that describes those feature film, television and commercial productions that leave California to shoot in other states and countries. Film production is a clean, non-polluting industry, and produces a quick injection of revenue to a local community. When a feature film production goes on a location requiring overnight stays, the cast and crew may remain for two to six weeks, or even longer.