WTU Herbarium Specimen Label Data Generated from the WTU Herbarium Database September 27, 2021 at 9:57 am http://biology.burke.washington.edu/herbarium/collections/search.php

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Label Query: Genus = "Galium" Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium ruthenicum Willd. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Colville National Forest: Ferry City. Drive up North fork Trout Creek, Sakhalin Island, east coast; mouth of Tukhaya River circa 17 approximately 20 miles north-northwest of Republic. East side Bode kilometers north of town of Vzmor'ye and 70 kilometers south of Mtn. near Canadian border. Makarov. T38 N R32 E S6; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Elev. 131 ft. Georef'd by Ben Legler 48.01013°, 142.532024°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Grassy meadows facing S and W below Bodie Mt. and S along the Digital Map, Georef'd by John Haskins road 1/8 of a mile. A few shrubs - ninebark (very common at slightly Steep windswept slopes and cliffs above beach, with some dwarfed lower elevations), ribes, snowberry. Many grasses, heavily Betula forest in depressions, mostly lower growing herbs and talus vegetated. Not common. Collected on lower meadows. Phenology: on exposed slopes; parent rock partly calcareous. Flowers yellow; Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. stems in loose clumps on rocky slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Jessie Johanson 99-126 10 Jul 1999 Ben Legler 1315 20 Aug 2003 Herbarium: WTU WTU-358094 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKAHLIN REGION: Ross Lake National Recreation Area: Little Beaver Creek trail. Along Sakhalin Island, southern part; town of Sokol, on eastern side of trail on east-facing slope, within 0.5 miles of trailhead (before town along road leading to Sokol Research Station. switchbacks that take trail northwest and finally west). Elev. 131 ft. Elev. 1589-2037 ft. 47° 14' 26.34" N, 142° 46' 47" E 48° 55.014' N, 121° 4.642' W; UTM Zone 10, 640860.997E, Mix of houses, weedy overgrown fields, and unkept hedgerows. 5419780.74N; Source: Field notes, UTM calculated from Lat-Lon. Stems lax; flowers white; growing on edge of road. Phenology: Furthest point west of lake. Douglas fir forest; along edge of trail. Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Common in moister areas along trail; flowers greenish white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 1328 22 Aug 2003 Sarah Gage 7265 13 Jul 2002 WTU-358112 WTU-360244, NPS accession 632, catalog 22492 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. U.S.A., INDIANA, MONROE COUNTY: Bender Rd, ca. 3 mi East of Bloomington. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: T26N R4E S10; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Sakhalin Island; on southern part of island along the Nayba River GeoLocate, Georef'd by Dan Post circa 5 kilometers north-northwest of town of Bykov. Voucher for DNA sample. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 98 ft. 47° 59' 54.48" N, 142° 53' 56.52" E Richard G. Olmstead 90-004 9 Jul 1990 Ecotone between uncut field along river and dense Abies Sachalinensis forest on slope above. Single patch growing in dense WTU-397733 shade of Abies. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 700 17 Jul 2003 Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray U.S.A., INDIANA, MONROE COUNTY: Rubiaceae Bender Rd, ca. 3 mi. east of Bloomington. R. Olmstead voucher for earlier Price DNA extraction. Phenology: Galium verum L. Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Richard G. Olmstead 90-002 25 Jun 1990 Sakhalin Island; in southern half at Sokol Research Station along Belaya River 2 miles east of town of Sokol. WTU-397731 Elev. 197 ft. 47° 14' 26.34" N, 142° 46' 47.28" E Forested slope of Betula ermanii and Abies sachalinensis; overlooking uncut hay fields. Flowers white; stems erect; common in fields. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 758 19 Jul 2003 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WAHKIAKUM COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Harrington Point, along Altoona Road 1/4 mile north of Altoona, Hell's Canyon National Recreation Area. Near Hell's Canyon north shore of Columbia River. overlook, Road NFD 3945. Elev. 40 ft. Elev. 5367 ft. 46° 16' 2.7" N, 123° 40' 8.6" W 45° 7.716' N, 116° 50.052' W Open dry south facing rocky bluff below road, with forest above. Gentle slope, mixed conifer forest (Abies grandis, Pseudotsuga Flowers white; common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. menziesii) with openings. Somewhat rocky soil with old logging debris. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 579 1 Jun 2003 Don Knoke 188 19 Jul 2002 Herbarium: WTU with Sara Tjessem, Shahid Naeem, Cindy Spurgeon, Dick Olmstead WTU-359584 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. Duck Lake, wetland edge. Elev. 6220 ft. U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: 45° 5.604' N, 117° 0.372' W Hell's Canyon National Recreation Area. Near Hell's Canyon Carex, Nuphar, Potentilla, Potamogeton; surrounded by conifer overlook, Road NFD 3945. forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 5367 ft. 45° 7.716' N, 116° 50.052' W Suzanne Bagshaw 02-38 20 Jul 2002 Gentle slope, mixed conifer forest (Abies grandis, Pseudotsuga with Dale Blum, Dave Tank, David Giblin menziesii) with openings. Somewhat rocky soil with old logging debris. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-360495 Don Knoke 191 19 Jul 2002 with Sara Tjessem, Shahid Naeem, Cindy Spurgeon, Dick Olmstead Rubiaceae WTU-361036 Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Rubiaceae Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. U.S. Forest Service Road #39. Salt Creek Summit Sno-Park, 1.0 mi. east of parking area; jct. Forest Galium triflorum Michx. Road 3915 and 100. Elev. 6206 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: 45° 12.65' N, 117° 3.88' W; T4S R46E S16 SE Okanogan National Forest. North Cascades Highway 20. Easy Pass Lodgepole pine, Abies lasiocarpa meadow; surrounded by burned Trail, below big meadow - just breaking out of trees. (GPS 3 sat.); areas. Round green fruits covered w/ hairs. Phenology: Fruits. Accuracy 49 feet. Origin: Native. Elev. 4749 ft. 48° 34.456' N, 120° 49.255' W; T36N R16E S35 Robert Goff 02-73 19 Jul 2002 Below big meadow - just breaking out of trees. Under willow, at with Suzanne Bagshaw, Dale Blum, David Giblin, Richard Robohm. stream edge; (GPS 3 sat.); Accuracy 49'. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-359756 Ken Davis 03-57 27 Jul 2003 with Richard Robohm, Sarah Gage, Robert Goff, Margarite Goff, Rubiaceae Dale Blum Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) WTU-361519 Dempster U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Rubiaceae Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. Lick Creek Campground, campsite #1. Galium trifidum L. Elev. 5433 ft. 45° 9.698' N, 117° 2.119' W U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Lush meadow interspersed with Picea Okanogan National Forest. Beaver Meadows area. engelmannii, Abies lasiocarpa, Pinus contorta. Elev. 5725 ft. Bedstraw. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 48° 33.14' N, 119° 58.558' W Beaver Meadow - open, wet meadow, Pinus contorta around edges; Jessie Johanson 02-89 Trollius laxus, Carex spp., Veronica wormskjoldii, Luzula sp., Salix with Tracey Fuentes, Sarah Gage, Ken Davis, sp. Growing at edge of tiny stream in meadow. Phenology: Flowers Joe Johanson. & Fruits. Origin: Native. 19 Jul 2002 Don Knoke 395 27 Jul 2003 with Richard G. Olmstead, Valerie Soza, Sheila Olmstead, Katie WTU-360439, WTU-V-029553 Mitchell WTU-362556 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GARFIELD COUNTY: Along Edeburn Gulch. Umatilla National Forest, Scoggin Ridge. Mountain Road 2 miles T8N R46E S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: south of Bartels Road. "Scoggin's Bone Yard" about 1/2 mile north of GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff National Forest Boundary. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 4500 ft. 46° 18' 12" N, 117° 34' 10" W C. L. Hitchcock 23486 25 May 1964 Slope to south side of road forested with ponderosa pine. Soil moist and rich. In seed. Seeds not mature - still green. Interspersed with WTU-218108 grasses, etc. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Doug Williams 26 28 Jun 1997 Rubiaceae with Robert Goff Galium aparine L. WTU-343174 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, BENTON COUNTY: Road between Snively and Bobcat Canyons, 2 miles east of Snively. Rubiaceae Elev. 950 ft. 46° 30' N, 119° 43' W; T11N R25E S4 Galium aparine L. Gravel outwash. Growing under and between rocks. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Cranberry Lake, Deception Pass State Park, Whidbey Island. Joan T. O?Farrell 72-201 23 Apr 1972 48.14389°, -122.49111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: with Thomas P. O’Farrell GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-260346 Harold W. Smith 812 3 Jun 1936 Rubiaceae WTU-35758 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: Between Ridpath and Flagpole, on left bank of Snake River. Galium aparine L. 46.58586°, -117.94202°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Growing under a basalt cliff. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Port discovery. 48.01556°, -122.86056°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: M. C. Huntley s.n. 24 Apr 1952 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In border of woods at top of beach. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-175688 Harold St. John 5854 12 Sep 1921 Rubiaceae WTU-107993 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: North end of Tumwater Canyon. Galium aparine L. T25N R17E S8; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Steep hillside, timbered, south slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Port Blakely. Native. 47.5975°, -122.50889°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff George H. Ward 350 8 May 1946 In a seaside meadow. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. WTU-134688 Walter J. Eyerdam s.n. 17 Jun 1934 WTU-291263 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COWLITZ COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Columbia River Watershed. 1 block north of Kalama, on Hwy 99. Elev. 30 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: 46.00861°, -122.84333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Shafer Park. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.098056°, -123.4575°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: West slope. Sandy, well drained soil. With grasses, Rhus Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff diversiloba. Growing on a rock bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: In moist gravelly soil. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Phillips B. Freer 160 27 May 1950 D. L. Laine 24 25 Apr 1982 WTU-135137 WTU-348495 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Tacoma. Canyon of the Snake River, west of Wawawai. 47.25306°, -122.44306°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 46.63139°, -118.05194°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Shady places. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. B. Flett s.n. 9 May 1896 William H. Baker 6479 22 Apr 1950 WTU-348496 WTU-296927

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Near Canoe Pass, Fidalgo Island. Kings Lake, 1 mile west of Boyle Lake, northeast of Snoqualmie Elev. 400 ft. Falls. 48.40694°, -122.64139°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Elev. 951 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff T24N R8E; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: Georeferenced, Dry rocky slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Georef'd by WTU Staff Annual; corollas green-white. Woods under Tsuga heterophylla and C. L. Hitchcock 4659 13 May 1939 Pseudotsuga menziesii. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. with J. S. Martin G. Lebednik 385 16 Jul 1973 WTU-52983 WTU-261079 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Columbia River Gorge, 15.6 miles west of Beacon Rock State Park, Rock Creek. along Washington State Highway 830. T4N R18E S10; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, 45.5605°, -122.23761°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georef'd by Ben Legler GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Quercus garryana woodland at base of W-facing canyon slope. With Moist woodland. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Delphinium nuttallianum, Hydrophyllum capitatum, Claytonia perfoliata, Poa secunda, P. bulbosa, Lomatium triternata, L. grayii. Jared J. Davis 158 17 May 1953 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-196528 Eliza Habegger RC 47 6 May 1997 WTU-334958 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Galium aparine L. At Down River Drive, Spokane. 47.65889°, -117.425°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff San Juan Island, Friday Harbor Marine Laboratory grounds. Shady places, but not moist. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Elev. 10-23 ft. Native. 48° 32' 39" N, 123° 51" W; T35N R4W S12; Source: Specimen label Sister Mary Milburge 883 10 May 1934 Mossy bald at east edge of preserve. Between apartments, director's residence, and road. Abundant. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers WTU-15750 & Fruits. Origin: Native. Sarah Gage SG-2799 7 May 1997 Rubiaceae WTU-336269 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: West side of Lummi Island. Galium aparine L. 48.795°, -122.6125°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Near beach. Climbing among brush and driftwood. Phenology: Priest Point Park, Olympia. East of East Bay Drive, southern part of Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. park. Elev. 100-120 ft. Xerpha M. Gaines 483 11 Aug 1950 47° 4' N, 122° 53' W; T18N R2W S2 or 11 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-182160 Sarah Gage G&R 027 22 May 1992 with Sharon Rodman WTU-345229 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: High ground, west rim Columbia Gorge, Ginkgo State Park. Umatilla National Forest, road 46, about 4 miles north of Godman 46.94945°, -120.00305°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Source: Guard Station. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 5199 ft. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. T8N R40E S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Harold W. Smith 409 29 Apr 1936 Open lithosol-type area with eastern and southern aspects. Surrounding forest of Pinus ponderosa, Abies, Picea engelmannii. WTU-38600 Most shrubs heavily browsed (presumably by elk). Mostly in fruit. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Sarah Gage 2936 29 Jun 1997 Galium aparine L. WTU-338523 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: Mouth of Spokane River. Rubiaceae 47.89389°, -118.33306°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium bifolium S. Watson Rocky slope. Below 1290 ft. level. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: 0.5 mi above Dosemeadows along the Lost Peak Trail. H. T. Rogers 509 22 May 1940 Elev. 4000 ft. 47.81361°, -123.335°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-83906 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Growing in an old Elk trail. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae V. L. Marsh 1127 10 Jul 1939 Galium aparine L. WTU-51955 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: West end of Omak Lake. 48.41111°, -119.52639°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Rubiaceae GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Under cliffs. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium bifolium S. Watson Charles B. Fiker 660 15 May 1932 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Ca. 6 miles W of Mission Peak. WTU-22742 Elev. 6000 ft. 47.285209°, -120.567756°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Sandy soil, S exposure. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) C. L. Hitchcock 20344 14 Jul 1954 Dempster WTU-172518 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Pullman. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Rubiaceae Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett In low copses. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium bifolium S. Watson Emma J. Hardwick s.n. 26 Jul 1895 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: 7.5 miles northwest, Rendezvous Pass. WTU-348497 Elev. 4000 ft. 48.622005°, -120.41365°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Vernally damp site, shaded by Pseudotsuga menziesii. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium bifolium S. Watson Ralph Naas 1449 20 Jun 1972 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: with Dorothy Naas Surprise Lake, ca. 1 mile west. Elev. 7000 ft. WTU-321755 48.22444°, -120.43667°; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open, well vegetated south slope. Minute white flowers. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ralph Naas 1036 16 Jul 1971 with Dorothy Naas WTU-321754 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Round Top Mountain. Tyler Peak, Olympic N. Forest. 48.81028°, -117.12917°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 5600 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.90306°, -123.1475°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Gravelly upper slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry meadow, moderate slope, S aspect. Phenology: Flowers & Harold St. John 6430 19 Jun 1924 Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-112968 Douglas K. Pike 8-31-79-1 31 Aug 1979 WTU-293159 Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Hart's Pass. 48.72112°, -120.67042°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Columbia River, north of Wenatchee. Among boulders on exposed slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. 47.42361°, -120.30917°; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Banks of river. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. C. Muenscher 10067 23 Jun 1939 J. William Thompson 6331 16 May 1931 WTU-55532 WTU-22892JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Meeks Table. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Elev. 4300 ft. 50 miles north of Wilbur. T15N R14E S41400; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 48.482602°, -118.70444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Slope 10%; exposure NE; Open grassland in Ponderosa pine. Sandy hillside - rock of granitic origin. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Associated plants: Stipa, Poa, Sedum, Microseris?, Artemesia rigida, Native. and annuals. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 17554 21 Jun 1948 J. G. Smith 225 20 Jun 1962 with B. R. McConnell WTU-125492 WTU-322420 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Near Humptulips. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WALLA WALLA COUNTY: 47.23306°, -123.95806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Blue Mountains. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 46.03682°, -118.03628°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Open prairies. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff On high ridges. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 9395 10 Jul 1933 C. V. Piper 2406 15 Jul 1896 WTU-22749JWT WTU-348498 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Whidbey Island. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: 48.146201°, -122.552685°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 30000 m., About 2 miles south of Anatone. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer T7N R45E S4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Pasture-meadowland. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. N. L. Gardner s.n. Jun 1897 Origin: Native. WTU-16397 Arthur Cronquist 5907 26 Jun 1949 with Quentin Jones WTU-169113 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Near Ellensburg. Riverside Park Cemetery, Spokane. Natural area north of Memorial 46.99667°, -120.54667°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Park. Along Spokane River, north of confluence with Hangman GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Creek. Moist meadows. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 1700 ft. 47° 40' N, 117° 27' 30" W; T25N R42E S14 J. William Thompson 9049 20 Jun 1933 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-22744JWT Sarah Gage G&R 942 5 Jun 1993 with Teresa Leyens Rubiaceae WTU-345001 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Near Fulda, Falcon Valley. 45.97682°, -121.30818°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Cape Horn. Borders of meadows. Additional collection date of 10 Aug 1906 on 45.57278°, -122.19389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: label. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 5183 15 Jul 1905 Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 10590 10 Aug 1920 WTU-263753 WTU-228001 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: [no locality given on label]. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: 47.33386°, -123.15505°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50000 m., Source: Belfast. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.55472°, -122.33389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. V. Piper s.n. Jul 1890 Emma A. Shumway 4277 Jul 1892 WTU-16396 WTU-90253 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: 6 miles NW of Winthrop. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Elev. 2000 ft. Palouse Prairie, along the Moscow-Pullman Airport Road 1 mile 48.539424°, -120.277624°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., north of the Varsity Drive-in Theater. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 46.91028°, -117.07472°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Open, damp, grassy field. Plants ca. 5 dm. tall. Phenology: Flowers GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff & Fruits. Origin: Native. Open grassy hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ralph Naas 1566 5 Jul 1972 William H. Baker 15208 26 Jun 1958 with Dorothy Naas WTU-297135 WTU-321757 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Signal Peak, Yakima Indian Reservation. Top of Colville Hill. Elev. 4000 ft. Elev. 3200 ft. 46.22722°, -121.13611°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: T36 R39 S33; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2500 m., Source: GeoLocate, GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by Sara Shiina Moist sandy soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Along roadside. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. V. T. Heidenreich 212 18 Jul 1932 Monita Engvall 152 28 Jun 1958 WTU-30662 WTU-196438 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium palustre L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: Green Mountain Resort Conservation Simpson Lake. Easement. 47.13348°, -123.33929°; WGS 84, T2N R3E S20; T2N R3E S21; Willamette uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Meridian; NAD 27, uncertainty: 1000 m., Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Collected along shore of lake in boggy ground. Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ditch in upland field. With Deschampsia caespitosa, Rorippa islandica, Gratiola Phillips B. Freer 53 ebracteata. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 21 Jul 1949 Eliza Habegger 556 WTU-127702, WTU-V-029591 15 Jul 1998 WTU-338416, WTU-V-029560 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: Washaway Beach, North Cove area. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR 46.66667°, -124.05417°; WGS 84, COUNTY: uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Copalis Bog Preserve. Georef'd by WTU Staff T21N R10W S20 SE 1/4; T21N R10W S29 Tideland - sand and marsh area back from the NE 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: beach. Tiny corolla 3-lobed - approx. 2 mm TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler diam. Leaves in whorls of 4-6. With grasses and Myrica gale-sphagnum bog. With Hypericum sedges, Potentilla pacifica, Cakile maritima. anagalloide, Boykinia major, Carex utriculata. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. G. Patrick 12 Eliza Habegger 614 2 Jul 1991 11 Aug 1998 WTU-320139, WTU-V-029593 WTU-339098, WTU-V-029611

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Cranberry Lake, Deception Pass State Park, Along west shore of Dailman Lake. Fort Lewis. Whidbey Island. Elev. 361 ft. 48.395833°, -122.660833°; NAD 27, 536650E, 5207600N; WGS 84, uncertainty: uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georeferenced, 300 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Georef'd by WTU Staff Crystal Shin Swamp adjacent to bog. Phenology: Flowers & Along high water mark. Slope flat. Substrate: Fruits. Origin: Native. gravel loam. Associated species: Fraxinus latifolia, Berberis aquilinum, Carex sp., Quercus Harold W. Smith 1412 garryana, Phalaris arundinacea. Plants scattered, common, growing in massive vining 28 Jul 1936 clumps. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-35757, WTU-V-029556 David Thysell 541 4 Aug 1993 Rubiaceae WTU-329989, WTU-V-029559 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Emma A. Shumway s.n. May 1892 WTU-90254, WTU-V-029592 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Stuart Island. Along the Wallace River. 48.674722°, -123.210556°; WGS 84, Elev. 1900 ft. uncertainty: 3700 m., Source: Georeferenced, T28N R9E S25; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by Ben Legler Gravelly soil along salt water beach. Phenology: In old growth forest dominated by Wetern Hemlock ca 100' from the Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. river on wet flat area. Under very large Athyrium filix-femina & Oplopanax horridum with Gymnocarpium dryopteris and mosses. W. H. Lawrence 87 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 20 Jun 1904 Mildred Arnot 403 27 Jul 1991 with Elroy Burnett WTU-96280, WTU-V-029594 WTU-321551

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Silverton. Near Cle Elum. 48.07861°, -121.56583°; WGS 84, 47.19556°, -120.93806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by WTU Staff Ditches. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 9670 7 Aug 1933 L. S. Bouck s.n. WTU-22745JWT 31 Jul 1895 WTU-16436, WTU-V-029596 Rubiaceae Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Rubiaceae Dempster comb. nov. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Meyers Falls, ca. [circa] 4 miles south of Marcus. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WAHKIAKUM 48.605442°, -118.06722°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff About 2 miles northwest of Cathlamet. Swamp. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 46.223801°, -123.411524°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, F. O. Kreager 508 23 Aug 1902 Georef'd by WTU Staff Open fields. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. WTU-68651 Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 20098 Rubiaceae 25 Jul 1953 Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. WTU-149773, WTU-V-029595 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Pullman. Rubiaceae 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Galium humifusum M. Bieb. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: C. V. Piper s.n. 26 Jun 1895 Bingen. 45.71495°, -121.46462°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: WTU-12098JWT GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Riverbank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 11876 24 Oct 1925 WTU-228004 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium mollugo L. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Near 24th Ave. Montlake, Seattle. Upper Beverly Creek, at ca.[circa] 3 mile Elev. 26 ft. marker, North Fork Teanaway River drainage, T25N R4E S21; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Wenatchee National Forest. Georef'd by Ben Legler 47.372454°, -120.877017°; WGS 84, Street corner. White flower, weed. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Origin: Introduced. Georef'd by WTU Staff West-facing serpentine-peridotite slopes. N = P. F. Zika 14138 27 Aug 1999 11. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. with A. L. Jacobson A. R. Kruckeberg 5623 WTU-340059 25 Jun 1963 Rubiaceae WTU-214270, WTU-V-029582 Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae Southeast-facing upper slopes of Three Brothers Peak, just below lookout, on trail to Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. puberulum (Piper) Etienne Creek. Dempster & Ehrend. 47.428889°, -120.7625°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: WTU Staff Near Tieton River, Rainier National Forest. Whitebark pine ("krummholz") forest type. 46.735961°, -120.789188°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Serpentine, but with admixture of sandstone, Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff gabbroic rock. On talus. Phenology: Flowers & Rocky soil. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Fruits. Origin: Native. F. A. Warren 1834 19 Jun 1932 A. R. Kruckeberg 5305 WTU-213496 20 Jul 1961 WTU-218055, WTU-V-029580 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster On Tumwater Mountain. Elev. 4000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: 47.61611°, -120.70028°; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Umatilla National Forest, Hixon Canyon Road. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Near the Tucannon Campground, ridge between Open rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Grub Canyon and Hixon Canyon. Elev. 3000-3200 ft. J. William Thompson 6457 23 May 1931 T9N R41E S27; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU WTU-22891JWT Staff Steep meadow habitat with small shrubs (Amelanchier, Philadelphus, Holodiscus, Rubiaceae Physocarpus). West slope. Staminate plants ca 15 cm; pale yellow flowers. Along ridge in steep Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum meadow with small shrubs on west slope. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Midori Murai 19 Along Boulder Creek. Elev. 3500 ft. 27 Jun 1997 47.198258°, -120.4389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-339021, WTU-V-029579 Serpentine rock slides. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 10707 18 Jun 1934 WTU-15741JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: Near golf course, Restoration Point, Bainbridge Island. Along Snowgrass Flat Trail, between Bypass Trail and trailhead. Elev. 49 ft. T12N R10E; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6828 m., Source: Calc. from T24N R2E S12; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, TRS, Georef'd by Dan Post Georef'd by Ben Legler Growing on bank in association with Mertensia paniculata. Partial shade at edge of wood. Rhizomatous, weed with Circaea Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. alpina. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Sarah Gage G&R 683 3 Aug 1992 P. F. Zika 14091 20 Aug 1999 with Sharon Rodman with A. L. Jacobson WTU-345378 WTU-339776 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: End of road to Lake Cushman. Ca 3 miles W of Duvall on road to Woodinville. Elev. 900 ft. 47.742482°, -122.049013°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., 47.42167°, -123.22167°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Beside road. In deep shade, not near any habitation. Phenology: Damp forest mould. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Ruby L. C. Sovereign 502 2 Jul 1941 C. L. Hitchcock 20184 22 May 1954 WTU-316107 WTU-179233 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Trail to Van Trump Park, Mt. Rainier. Crystal Creek. Elev. 4000 ft. 47.977296°, -123.684108°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 46.79806°, -121.77806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry rocky slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rocky alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. George Neville Jones 8449 7 Sep 1935 J. William Thompson 12557 14 Aug 1935 WTU-32502 WTU-15730JWT

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Trail along the Quinalt River between the Enchanted Valley and 3 Williamson Creek, tributary of Sultan River, 3 miles north of Sultan miles south of O'Neil Creek Shelter. Basin. Elev. 1000-2000 ft. 47.907425°, -121.815996°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., 47.6675°, -123.39389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Gravelly banks and disturbed areas in clearings of grand fir-western Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. hemlock forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. G. B. Rossbach 473 1 Jul 1938 A. R. Kruckeberg 5405 1 Jul 1962 with R. P. Rossbach WTU-215419 WTU-94851

Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Stampede Pass Tunnel, east entrance. Elev. 2800-3200 ft. 47° 16' 30" N, 121° 19' 30" W; T21N R12E S27 Flowers yellow-green. Leaves four per whorl. Growing in moist area. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sarah Gage G&R 313 16 Jun 1992 with Sharon Rodman WTU-344503 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium palustre L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Tumwater Falls, Olympia. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: 47.03806°, -122.89944°; WGS 84, At Keller Ferry 1 mile south of Columbia River. uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, 47.92586°, -118.68828°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Unknown. Sandy slope. Above 1290 ft. level. Much-branched and woody at base, forming large clumps up to 8 dm across. Staminate. J. B. Flett s.n. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 28 Jun 1902 H. T. Rogers 473 19 May 1940 WTU-36878, WTU-V-50691 WTU-83904

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. puberulum (Piper) Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: N shore of Willapa Bay, S side of Route 105. Cleman Mountain; east-facing slope of canyon 3.3 miles west of Elev. 10 ft. Naches on the south side of the mountain. T14N R10W S4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Elev. 2500 ft. Georef'd by Ben Legler 46.82299°, -120.85736°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Weed among boulders. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Introduced. Black rocky volcanic talus. 2n = 22. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. P. F. Zika 14363 16 Sep 1999 Lauramay T. Dempster 1214 10 Jul 1960 WTU-340115 WTU-243620 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. scabridum (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: Along summit of Blue Mountains, overlooking Indian Tom Creek, 30 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: miles southwest of Asotin. South slope of Badger Mountain circa 4 miles north of Wenatchee. Elev. 5300 ft. 47.43917°, -120.07278°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: T7N R43E S1; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Growing among sagebrush. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Rocky, gravelly soil on exposed crest of ridge. Flowers dirty cream. Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 17370 17 Jun 1948 Arthur Cronquist 5896 25 Jun 1949 with Quentin Jones WTU-125447 WTU-169114 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. scabridum (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Payne's Gulch, east wall Upper Grand Coulee. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: 47.94167°, -119.00222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Chelan Butte. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 3500 ft. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.84111°, -120.01528°; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Xerpha M. Gaines 547 31 May 1951 Open sagebrush slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. with T. H. Scheffer J. William Thompson 17332 11 Jun 1953 WTU-143222 WTU-170974 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. scabridum (Ehrend.) Galium trifidum L. Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: Tip Top Lookout. Sprague. Elev. 4000 ft. Elev. 2000-3000 ft. 47.44032°, -120.60854°; WGS84, uncertainty: 700 m., Source: 47.30028°, -117.97444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Wet alpine meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 6826 18 Jun 1931 J. H. Sandberg s.n. Jun 1893 with J. B. Leiberg WTU-22899JWT WTU-16408 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. scabridum (Ehrend.) U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Dempster & Ehrend. Alpine lake on Bald Mountain, Snoqualmie National Forest. Elev. 6000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 46.976389°, -120.965833°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: 10 miles northwest of Ellensburg on road to Teanaway Junction. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.098934°, -120.696752°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., In boggy ground by lake. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky and grassy slopes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 14847 24 Jun 1940 C. L. Hitchcock 8174 22 May 1944 WTU-23266JWT with C. V. Muhlick WTU-93773 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Ohanapecosh Hot Springs, Mount Rainier National Park. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Elev. 3000 ft. 46.736944°, -121.559167°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Near Blewett Pass, Wenatchee Mountains. In open bog near hot springs. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 4000 ft. 47.33556°, -120.57778°; WGS84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: J. William Thompson 12681 27 Aug 1935 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff On wooded serpentine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-15724JWT J. William Thompson 17008 5 Jul 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-171227 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Loop-Loop Road east of Winthrop. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Elev. 3500-4000 ft. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. 48.47806°, -120.185°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Bog by road. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ca. [circa] 6 miles west of Mission Peak, and ca. [circa] 20 miles northeast of Liberty. J. William Thompson 10912 2 Jul 1934 47.28753°, -120.5726°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-15727JWT Sandy slope. Flowers sulphur yellow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 20333 17 Jul 1954 Galium trifidum L. WTU-180157 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Everett. 47.97917°, -122.20083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In woods. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. M. Grant s.n. Jun 1925 WTU-44444 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: Toolie Lake, 3 miles northwest of Ewan. Funke's cranberry bog, Ilwaco. 47.147639°, -117.779015°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Elev. 25 ft. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 46.30917°, -124.04194°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Growing near lake. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. F. L. Pickett s.n. 7 Jun 1934 with J. F. G. Clarke, L. A. Dillon Ruby L. C. Sovereign 479 31 May 1941 WTU-65992 WTU-316121

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Sequim. Muddy Meadows Trail, west of Mount Adams, Gifford Pinchot 48.07977°, -123.10253°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: National Forest. Near Takhlakh Lake. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 4420 ft. Moist land. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46° 18' 30" N, 121° 32' 15" W; T10N R10E S34 Plants small, flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: J. M. Grant s.n. Jun 1916 Native. WTU-28528 Sarah Gage G&R 704 4 Aug 1992 with Sharon Rodman Rubiaceae WTU-345561 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Near Winslow, Bainbridge Island. Galium trifidum L. 47.62639°, -122.52°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: In seaside meadow, saline marsh. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Unincorporated area where Woodland Creek intersects railroad tracks. Walter J. Eyerdam 6355 10 Jul 1944 Elev. 170 ft. 47° N, 122° 45' 7" W; T18N R2W S35 WTU-118740 On wet road edge. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Sarah Gage G&R 341 20 Jun 1992 Rubiaceae with Sharon Rodman Galium trifidum L. WTU-345255 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: South Seattle. Rubiaceae 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium trifidum L. In thickets in damp soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Walter J. Eyerdam s.n. 25 Jul 1934 Whidbey Island. 48.146201°, -122.552685°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 30000 m., WTU-291266 Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer On wet shady ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae N. L. Gardner s.n. 26 May 1897 Galium trifidum L. WTU-16434 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Hawk Prairie on the mountain at Bingen. Rubiaceae 45.715°, -121.46333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium trifidum L. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2673 28 Jun 1900 Irely Lake, North Fork Quinalt River. Elev. 600 ft. WTU-228005 47.56611°, -123.67417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Slope level, soil deep clay loam. Timbered, with mint, sedges and rushes, Mimulus. On marshy lake shore. Not common. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. L. Bradley 252 A 13 Aug 1936 WTU-322342 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Along Cheasty Boulevard, Seattle. 2 miles southeast of Friday Harbor. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 48.518889°, -123.049444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3200 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff In wet swale. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. In a damp thicket. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 5199 15 Jul 1930 Morton E. Peck 12985 13 Jul 1923 WTU-22904JWT WTU-22879

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. var. trifidum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Calispell Valley near Usk. 1/2 mile southeast of Baring. 48.310278°, -117.305°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 750 ft. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.752856°, -121.453712°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., In moist soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Damp ditch, with Carex species, Veronica scutellata. Phenology: F. O. Kreager 444 10 Aug 1902 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-68684 Ralph Naas 2020 21 Aug 1972 with Dorothy Naas Rubiaceae WTU-321756 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: 1 mile west of Colville. Galium trifidum L. var. trifidum 48° 33' N, 117° 56' 56" W Slough. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Lake Thomas (in the Little Pend Oreille chain). C. L. Hitchcock 17593 23 Jun 1948 48.623889°, -117.542222°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-125823 Boggy lake margin. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Earle F. Layser 1820 Aug 1971 Rubiaceae WTU-266085 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Rubiaceae Quillayute Prairie. 47.94333°, -124.54111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium triflorum Michx. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: Head of Cottonwood Creek, southwest of Anatone. George Neville Jones 3791 Aug 1931 Elev. 4500-4800 ft. T7N R44E S6; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: WTU-21741 Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff In litter on east slope under coniferous woods. Flowers whitish. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Arthur Cronquist 5941 9 Jul 1949 Galium trifidum L. with Quentin Jones U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: WTU-291396 Ocean City. 47.071389°, -124.169444°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Seashore meadows. Abundant. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. George Neville Jones 3906 28 Jun 1933 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: WTU-35980 Mt. Angeles. Elev. 5000 ft. 47.995278°, -123.474444°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist open wooded slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 7540 19 Jul 1931 WTU-22894JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Umatilla National Forest, Hixon Canyon Road. Near the Tucannon North Seattle. Campground, ridge between Grub Canyon and Hixon Canyon. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 3000-3200 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff T9N R41E S27; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: In a thicket. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Ponderosa pine woodland, south and west facing slope. Height Walter J. Eyerdam s.n. Jul 1933 10-30 cm; white flowers. Along old road, west side slope, with miscellaneous grasses. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-291265 Midori Murai 05 27 Jun 1997 Rubiaceae WTU-339031 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Bingen Mountain, Bingen. Galium triflorum Michx. 45.715°, -121.46333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 10 miles west of Quinault lake, near highway. 47.49792°, -124.12779°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 10937 17 Jul 1922 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dense shade of cedar forest. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. WTU-270621 C. L. Hitchcock 3500 29 May 1938 with J. S. Martin Rubiaceae WTU-45078 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae Between Conconully and Loomis. 48.708333°, -119.677778°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., Galium triflorum Michx. Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff On dry open ground. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Coupe's Woods, Whidbey Island. J. William Thompson 7088 28 Jun 1931 48.29278°, -122.675°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-22897JWT Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Lloyd E. McElvain 174 16 Jun 1950 Rubiaceae WTU-135221 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Rubiaceae Mount Rainier. 46.852827°, -121.760441°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 17500 m., Galium triflorum Michx. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: On North Fork Quinault Trail near 11 mile post, Olympic National J. M. Grant s.n. Aug 1925 Forest. 47.66582°, -123.62589°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: WTU-22082 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae J. E. Schwartz 15A 16 Aug 1935 Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-33246 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: Ellsworth Creek watershed. Rubiaceae T11N R10W S35; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Galium triflorum Michx. In old-growth forest (Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, Picea sitchensis). With Carex obnupta, Oxalis oregana, Polystichum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: munitum. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Seabold, Bainbridge Island. 47.65528°, -122.51667°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Eliza Habegger 644 30 Jun 1999 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff with John Floberg Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-339588 Mary Eager 68 27 Jul 1947 WTU-171787 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: Lopez Island; Watmough Head. Cornwall Park, Bellingham. Elev. 100 ft. 48.75972°, -122.48694°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: T34N R1W S21; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Along an east-facing road edge, shaded by trees to the west. Semi-shady border habitat between Pseudotsuga woods to north Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. and open dry meadows to south, with Fragaria spp., ranunculus uncinatus, and Cerastium spp. Common perennial. Phenology: Al Hanners 88-6-5-1 5 Jun 1988 Flowers. Origin: Native. with Mildred Arnot, G. Patrick Peter E. Rapp 40 30 Jun 1981 WTU-315159 WTU-293409 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Wodan's Vale, Mount Adams. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: 46.20255°, -121.4908°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8000 m., Source: Newman Lake. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.77694°, -117.09389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: On north-facing slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 6089 26 Aug 1907 Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 8793 9 Jul 1916 WTU-228007 WTU-227995 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: 1 km south of Montlake Bridge, Seattle. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Elev. 82 ft. Below Flattop Mountain on N78, 25 miles west Glenwood. T25N R4E S21 NW 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Elev. 3149 ft. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler 46.027778°, -121.61°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 3000 m., Source: Lawns and curbs, with Taraxacum officinale, Plantago lanceolata, Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Trifolium repens. Rhizomatous, yellow flowers, weed. Phenology: Canadian zone. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Flowers. Origin: Introduced. E. Hunn 653 2 Aug 1977 P. F. Zika 13619 22 Sep 1998 WTU-271149 WTU-337378

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium verum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: West of Bryant. Along SR 529 south of Marysville. T32N R5E S29; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, T29N R5E S5; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Georef'd by Ben Legler Old roadside in damp fir-hemlock woodland. Other plants in area: Roadside bank with Scotch broom and grasses. Large patch. Rubus ursinus, Tricetum cernuum, Polystichum munitum. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Prostrate-trailing in moss. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Mildred Arnot 394 26 Jul 1991 Mildred Arnot 376 25 Jul 1991 WTU-321574 WTU-325587 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Cedonia. 48.15389°, -118.16806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Stems weak and lax, leaves sometimes more than 4 in a whorl, ovary with hooked hairs. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Mae E. Dennis s.n. 6 Aug 1946 WTU-111856 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, CROOK COUNTY: Colville National Forest: Ferry Lake Fen wetland Ochoco National Forest: Intersection of FS Rds. 2610 and 300. edge - large sedge wetland. Cover varied from Elev. 2000 ft. open to closed; plants taken from transition 44° 24.63' N, 120° 24.95' W; T13S R19E S26 zone between upland and wetland. Open Pinus ponderosa forest, burned within 1-3 years. Evidence of T35N R32E S9; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., grazing cattle and browsing elk. Rolling mesic terrain. Growing in Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler disturbed area with Dipsacus, Medicago. Phenology: Flowers & Lodgepole pine, douglas fir, spruce, Fruits. Origin: Native. serviceberry, snowberry, aspen, horsetail, moss, alder. White, closed flowers; few near wet edge; Sarah Gage 6819 10 Jun 2000 most next to road in light shade. Phenology: with Dena Grossenbacher, Richard Robohm, Anne Mullenieux, Flowers. Origin: Native. Sarah Mullenieux. Suzanne Bagshaw 20 WTU-349843 9 Jul 1999 Rubiaceae WTU-349589, WTU-V-029566 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON, CROOK COUNTY: Rubiaceae Ochoco National Forest: Forest Road 22, just northwest of Big Summit Prairie in open rocky meadow. Galium trifidum L. Elev. 4920 ft. 44° 24.41' N, 120° 16.6' W; T14S R20E S36 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Annual. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Colville National Forest. Empire Lake - open areas of wetland edge - grassy, muddy at edge of upland, some alders. Richard G. Olmstead 00-25 10 Jun 2000 Elev. 3700 ft. T38N R32E S12; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, WTU-350009 Georef'd by Ben Legler Alopecurus, Carex utriculata, Douglas fir, Rosa nootkana, snowberry, ninebark, Ranunculus. In mud, on side of hummocks. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Suzanne Bagshaw 104 10 Jul 1999 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: WTU-349552 SF Stillaguamish River drainage; Headlee Pass Trail, 0.2 miles from trailhead, after the first stream crossing. Elev. 2400 ft. Rubiaceae 48° 1' 13" N, 121° 28' 36" W Brushy slide area. Wet, seepy soil over rocks. With Acer circinatum, Galium aparine L. Athyrium filix-femina, Circaea alpina, Galium triflorum, Veronica americana, Conocephalum conicum (liverwort). Ca. 150 plants in U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: open area along trail. More plants scattered in similar habitat further Colville National Forest: Okanogan Valley: Bangs Mountain Road up trail. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. end overlook. Elev. 3100 ft. Ben Legler 64 15 Sep 2002 48° 33' 13" N, 118° 12' 34" W Open forest of Ponderosa pine and Douglas fir interspersed with WTU-349544 open areas of Physocarpus and herbs. Evidence of grazing and other disturbance. In fruit. Scandent over Ribes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Sarah Gage 5824 11 Jul 1999 Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-349659 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Gifford Pinchot National Forest: 7.1 miles to Husam. Off Rattlesnake Creek Road. Edge of clearcut, selectively logged Douglas fir. Partly Rubiaceae shady. Elev. 1947 ft. Galium triflorum Michx. 45° 50.459' N, 121° 24.034' W In shade under beaked hazelnut. White flowers. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Origin: Native. Colville National Forest: Collected along Forest Rd. 5320, near W boundary of Sect. 35. Suzanne Bagshaw 01-18 17 Jun 2001 Elev. 3610 ft. with Dale Blum T35 N R32 E S35 NW 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler WTU-350120 Gentle slope in bottom of draw. Moist soil with layer of duff. Mostly shaded with stand of Douglas fir and patches of Symphoricarpos albus. Collected below road, to 40 yards. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Don Knoke 99-55 9 Jul 1999 WTU-349316 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Cedar River Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Walsh Lake. Watershed. Rock Creek wetland system. Head into south end from Elev. 700 ft. rd 40. Drop into system at Binker culvert and head into west side of T22N R7E S9 SW 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: the wetland. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 800 ft. Floating bog mat on east edge of wall found adjacent to Walsh Lake. T22N R7E S16 NE; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Other plants in vicinity: Drosera rotundifolia, Agrostis sp., Typha Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff latifolia, Carex canescens, Potentilla palustris, Viola palustris. Rock Creek wetland system. Head into south end from rd 40. Drop Growing in marshy shore of lake. Leaf material removed for DNA into system at Binker culvert and head into west side of the wetland. extraction by: Valerie Soza, Date: 23 Feb 2004 Unused DNA banked Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Cultivated. at the University of Washington. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Clayton J. Antieau 01-11 26 May 2001 F. Weinmann 01-19 11 Aug 2001 with Linda Cooley, Kristie Dinkin WTU-350957 WTU-350618 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: SF Stillaguamish River drainage; Martin Creek trail, about 2 miles Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Findley Lake. above trailhead. Elev. 3400-3800 ft. Elev. 2700 ft. T21N R10E S7; NAD 27, uncertainty: 300 m., Source: 48° 5' 45" N, 121° 36' 28" W Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Old talus slide with Acer circinatum, Rubus spectabilis, Athyrium East-facing talus slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. filix-femina. West facing slope. Common on moss-covered soil at trailside. Ca. 75 plants seen here, with more scattered farther up Nancy Job 01-31 11 Aug 2001 trail. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. with Bill Belknap, Julie Belknap, Susan Rafanelli, Kathryn Sobocinski Ben Legler 67 6 Oct 2002 WTU-351228 WTU-350370 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Halmar Gate Wetland; Cascade Mountains of Western Washington. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Elev. 1400 ft. Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Former Taylor townsite T22N R7E S1; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: (demolished in 1947). Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 1000-1100 ft. Ditches filled with water, drier hummocks with Spiraea sp., Juncus 47° 25' 2" N, 121° 54' 28" W; T22N R7E S3 SW 1/4 effusus, Juncus supinus. Other plants in vicinity: Salix sp., Disturbed grassy ground, old home sites, part shade to full sun. Lysichitum americanum. Gaultheria shallon growing from stumps; White flowers. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Menziesia ferruginea common. Upland island with doug fir, western hemlock, red alder. Very small white flowers. Phenology: Flowers. P. F. Zika 16066 26 May 2001 Origin: Native. with Jeff Walker, David Kiefer, Kari Stices, Bill Winije Suzanne Bagshaw 01-18 23 Jun 2001 WTU-350700 with Roz Glasser, Mary Clare Schroeder, Neil Dijrani WTU-351230 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Cedar River bridge at U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Barneston. Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Webster Creek. Elev. 1000 ft. Elev. 800 ft. 47° 23.33' 33" N, 121° 51.68' 51" W; T22N R7E S14 T22N R7E S9 NE 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Woods, riparian area, and roadside near bridge. In woods. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. Second growth alder stand. Acer circinatum, Acer macrophyllum, Douglas-fi, Polystichum munitum, Rubus spectabilis. Rampant P. F. Zika 16021 26 May 2001 ground cover vegetation. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. with Jeff Walker, David Kiefer, Kari Stices, Bill Winije Eric Beach 01-61 23 Jun 2001 WTU-350699 with Alison Colwell, Dick Schaetrel, Tom Lane, Jennifer Thomas WTU-351503 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Rex River headwaters, E and S shores of Yellow island, San Juan Islands, Puget Sound. along both sides of road 700, approximately 1 mile north of Rex Elev. 23 ft. Pond. 48° 36' N, 123° 2' W; Source: Specimen label Elev. 3600 ft. Meadows with Collinsia parviflora. White flowers, pedicels bent or T21N R9E S13 NW 1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: erect; occasional. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Collected along both sides of road 700, approximately 1 mile north of P. F. Zika 16843 5 May 2002 Rex Pond. Subalpine meadow with young Abies amabalis. Yellow-green flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-350531 Eric Beach 01-6-EWB 14 Jul 2001 with Kate Bricket, Linda Cooley, Kristie Dunkin, Denise Liguori Rubiaceae WTU-351626 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Cascade Mountains of Western Washington: Webster Creek - Galium triflorum Michx. approximately 100 meters south of road 10, near group of large cedar stumps. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Elev. 700 ft. Gifford Pinchot National Forest: Trout Lake Campground. T22N R7E S9 NE 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Elev. 2237 ft. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 46° 3' N, 121° 36.896' W; T7N R10E S31 Area is above floodplain in relatively level deciduous forest Uneven ground along stream. Pseudotsuga menziesii, Acer dominated by second growth Tsuga heterophylla, Alnus rubra. White circinatum, Corylus cornuta, Symphoricarpos mollis. Roadside, flowers. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. gravelly soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. David M. Chapin 01-908 26 May 2001 Don Knoke 01-145 14 Jun 2001 with Suzanne Bagshaw, Marin Bjork WTU-351988 WTU-351755

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Along Goldendale Rd., near Coyote Creek, 16.5 mi. from junction of North Cascades National Park; Creek bottom in Horseshoe Basin. US 97 and SR 142. Elev. 4755 ft. Elev. 1911 ft. 48° 28' 59" N, 121° 1' 24" W; UTM Zone 10, 646069.847E, 45° 54.686' N, 121° 3.257' W 5371660.111N; Source: Field notes, UTM calculated from Lat-Lon. Level, fairly open; streamside vegetation, grassy. Stream now dry, With Alnus sinuata, Rubus spectabilis, Valeriana sitchensis, but streambed moist. In grass near stream and road. Origin: Native. Veratrum sp. (just coming up), Viola glabella, Thalictrum sp., Actea rubra, and Mitella pentandra. Scrambling among herbs along shady Don Knoke 01-162 18 Jun 2001 streamside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-352083 Alison Colwell 02-22 10 Aug 2002 WTU-353105, NPS accession 632, catalog 22267 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Ferry Lake Fen, 1.5 mi. NW of Ferry Lake. From FS Rd. 53 take FS Rd. 5330, thence 5330-100. The 15-acre Ferry Lake Fen is on the E U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: side of the road at an elev. of 3400 ft. Collection about 75 feet into Little Beaver Trail, about 1 mile east of Perry Creek; North Cascades the fen in shallow water over a muck soil. National Park. Elev. 3400 ft. Elev. 2034 ft. TS35 R32E S9; NAD 27, uncertainty: 300 m., Source: 48° 55.3' N, 121° 8.1' W; UTM Zone 10, 636625.715E, Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 5420205.349N; Source: Field notes, UTM calculated from Lat-Lon. Collected in wet muck soil at the edge of the fen. Associated species Dry gneiss talus, adjacent Douglas-fir forest, and adjacent cold included Salix bebbiana, Carex disperma, Juncus ensifolius, Cornus stream bank just below talus; southern aspect. Flowers green; unalaschkensis, Platanthera dilatata, and Poa. sp. Phenology: prostrate; growing in deep shade. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. F. Weinmann FCW 124 9 Jul 1999 Ben Legler 21 13 Jul 2002 with A. Weinmann WTU-353686, NPS accession 632, catalog 22824 WTU-351901 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: North Cascades National Park; Thunder Creek drainage; the first Sakhalin Island; 6 kilometers east of Boshnyakovo, along Highway large rocky bald encountered on the trail to 4th of July Pass starting 491 on south side of Avgustovka River; 55 kilometers north of at the junction with the thunder Creek Trail. A small way trail goes Uglegorsk. north onto the bald. Elev. 394 ft. Elev. 1950 ft. 49° 39' 49.38" N, 142° 15' 27.36" E 48° 40' 22.7599" N, 121° 3' 44.95907" W; UTM Zone 10, Small rocky gully with perennial stream and waterfall; and dry rocky 642641E, 5392697N; Source: Calc. from UTM, UTM from field slopes above road. Stems creeping; on soil under Betula. notes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Very dry, exposed rock outcrops covered with moss. Common, clambering across vegetation and rocks, in full sunlight. Phenology: Ben Legler 861 24 Jul 2003 Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-357127 Steve Hahn 555 15 Jun 2002 WTU-353795, NPS accession 632, catalog 23082 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium aparine L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Sakhalin Island, central part; 10.5 kilometers southwest of Nogliki on U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: east side of lower Tym River circa 1 kilometer upstream of mouth of Whidbey Island, Ebey's Landing State Park; along beach 1/4 mile Parkata River. from parking lot. Elev. 66 ft. Elev. 7 ft. 51° 38' 59.64" N, 142° 58' 37.98" E 48° 11.64' N, 122° 42.67' W Shallow lakes and ponds along river, surrounded by extensive Area behind driftwood by beach; Rosa nutkana, grasses; marshes and Alnus/Salix thickets. Trailing under grass in marsh; sandy-gravelly soil. Annual; stems clamboring on Rosa near beach; petals 3 or 4, white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. flowers off-white. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 1078 3 Aug 2003 Ben Legler 1495 30 Apr 2004 WTU-357335 WTU-355860 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Sakhalin Island; on southern part of island along the Nayba River Whidbey Island, Ebey's Landing National Historic Preserve Bluff circa 5 kilometers north-northwest of town of Bykov. Trail. 2 KM north from main parking lot. Along Trail and nearby Elev. 98 ft. woods at top of bluff. 47° 59' 54.48" N, 142° 53' 56.52" E 48° 11.82' N, 122° 43.183' W Ecotone between uncut field along river and dense Abies Sandy, west-facing, exposed bluff dominated by grasses, Achillea, Sachalinensis forest on slope above. Flowers white; stems erect; Vicia; wind-swept Pseudotsuga forest with Ribes, Berberis. Flowers growing along river. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. white; common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 690 17 Jul 2003 Peter W. Dunwiddie PWD 30 30 Apr 2004 WTU-357052 WTU-356495 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Sakhalin Island; on southern part of island along the Nayba River Sakhalin Island; along west coast ca. 8 km north of Krasnogorsk, on circa 5 kilometers north-northwest of town of Bykov. west side of Lake Baklan'ye. Elev. 98 ft. Elev. 0 ft. 47° 59' 54.48" N, 142° 53' 56.52" E 48° 28' 12" N, 142° 4' 36" E Ecotone between uncut field along river and dense Abies Grassy marsh on edge of lake; with coastal dunes behind. Flowers Sachalinensis forest on slope above. Weak perennial in moist soil white, petals 3; stems creeping in open areas of marsh. Phenology: under Abies. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Flowers. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 692 17 Jul 2003 Ben Legler 793 21 Jul 2003 WTU-357053 WTU-356985 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Okanogan National Forest. Lake Ann Trail, 1 km. north of lake. Swakane Wildlife Area, Swakane Canyon Road, Elev. 5477 ft. about 1.5 km from junction with State Road Alt. 48.5105°, -120.746283°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: 97. Steep north-facing slope on south side of GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff road. Trailside. Forest edge and sloping subalpine meadow with Elev. 915 ft. occasional pockets of talus. Rhizomatous; flowers white; common. 47° 32' 51.2" N, 120° 17' 54.9" W Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Grasses dominant on slope, with Sambucus, Rosa woodsii, Clematis ligusticifolia growing David Tank 03-43 27 Jul 2003 along stream at base of slope. In large clumps with Jessie Johanson, Cindy Spurgeon, Marianne Powell, David to 70 cm. wide; on hillside. Male and female Giblin, Kara Ardern, Suzanne Bagshaw plants present on sheet. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-363394 David Giblin 04-49 with Ben Legler, Don Knoke Rubiaceae 14 May 2004 Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-359925, WTU-V-029578 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Okanogan National Forest. Rainy Lake Outlet. Elev. 5010 ft. UTM Zone 10, 667387E, 5374601N; NAD 27, uncertainty: 50 m., Rubiaceae Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Sunny, wet meadow by Rainy Lake stream outlet. Dominant trees: Galium oreganum Britton Silver fir, Mountain hemlock, Subalpine fir, Engelman. On moist log in creek. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Cedar River Watershed. Ridgetop along 127.1 Road, just southwest Alan C. Yen 03-032 25 Jul 2003 of McClellan Butte. with Richard Robohm, Suzanne Bagshaw, Liz Van Volkenburgh, Elev. 5460 ft. Therese Ohlson 47° 23' 58.452" N, 121° 38' 11.398" W Collected along roadside from above coordinates to about 250 WTU-363037 meters west, including slope above road. Area logged 10-15 years ago, some patches of remaining old growth above road. Accociated with Rubus parviflora, Lupinus latifolius, Valeriana sitchensis, Rubiaceae Vaccinium alaskeanse, Xerophyllum tenax, Lillum columbianum, Aquilegia formosa, Galium species. (200 meters west of above Galium aparine L. coordinates.). Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: David Chapin MDD-13 13 Jul 2002 Swakane Wildlife Area, Swakane Canyon Road, about 1.5 km from junction with State Road Alt. 97. Steep north-facing slope on south WTU-364627 side of road. Elev. 915 ft. 47° 32' 51.2" N, 120° 17' 54.9" W Rubiaceae Grasses dominant on slope, with Sambucus, Rosa woodsii, Clematis ligusticifolia growing along stream at base of slope. Along creek. Galium trifidum L. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: David Giblin 04-13 14 May 2004 Cedar River Watershed. Fourteen Lakes. Lake 3. with Ben Legler, Don Knoke Elev. 800 ft. T22N R7E S14 NW 1/4 of NW 1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., WTU-359800 Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Growing on eastern edge of Lake 3; with sedge and moss. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Jennifer French Jen-23 13 Jul 2002 with Bob Antieau WTU-362633 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Cedar River Watershed. Marmot Peak. To end of 280 Road. Yakima Training Center, lower north slope of Elev. 3200 ft. Saddle Mountains. T21N R9E S11 NW; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Elev. 1400 ft. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler 46.84605°, -120.02953°; WGS 84, Clear-cut below road. Formerly Abies amabilis, Tsuga mertensiana, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, and Vaccinium species community; now in reprod. Abies amabilis Georef'd by WTU Staff and Thuja plicata. Strongly rhizomatous; forming small patches or East-facing slope of small rocky draw, adjacent tufts. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. sagebrush. Aspect: 90 degrees, slope: 5%. Associated species: Artemisia tridentata, Clayton J. Antieau 02-11-3 3 Aug 2002 Pseudoroegneria spicata, Poa secunda, with Troy Deady, Theresa Solitto Cryptantha Pterocarya, Phlox speciosa, Ericameria nauseosa, Collomia grandiflora. WTU-362707 BA#2005-17. Phenology: Fertile. Kathryn A. Beck 200219 17 May 2002 Rubiaceae WTU-359409, WTU-V-029577 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Rubiaceae Basaltic plateau at head of Robinson Canyon, in L. T. Murray Wildlife Area ca. 11 miles west of Ellensburg. Galium aparine L. Elev. 4000 ft. 47° 2' 58" N, 120° 48' 18" W; NAD 27 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Flat, sparsely vegetated, stony plateau patterned with rock stripes by San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. frost-action; with perpendicular lines of Pinus ponderosa. Blind Island. Approximately 0.5 kilometers west of Castle Island and Weak-stemmed annual in organic soil on edge of Pinus patch. 0.25 kilometers off south end of Lopez Island. Approximately 1.5 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. hectacres in size. Elev. 0-65 ft. Ben Legler 1764 13 Jun 2004 48° 25' 24" N, 122° 49' 38" W; Source: Specimen label Rocky outcrops and meadow-like areas with well developed soils. WTU-382656 Mix of native forbs and native grasses. Scattered in Rosa understory. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae David Giblin 05-50 28 Apr 2005 Galium bifolium S. Watson WTU-384302 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 13 miles north of Ellensburg; along FS Road 35 at large meadow at Rubiaceae upper end of Reecer Creek on Table Mountain. Elev. 5200 ft. Galium aparine L. 47° 12' 13" N, 120° 34' 47" W; NAD 27 Moist meadow with lush herbaceous growth, surrounded by mixed U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: conifer forest. Small annuals in open areas of meadow. Phenology: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Aleck Rock. South of Lopez Island. Elev. 0-32 ft. Ben Legler 1788 14 Jun 2004 48° 25.399' N, 122° 51.038' W; Source: Specimen label Grassy meadow with rocky outcrops. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: WTU-382608 Native. Joseph Arnett 05-23 26 Apr 2005 Rubiaceae WTU-383842 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Castle Island. Galium aparine L. Elev. 0-98 ft. 48.42104° N, 122.82176° W; T34N R1W S21; WGS 84, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Steep, cliffy island with many rock ledges, cracks and beaches. Boulder Island. Uncommon; among Arctostaphylos. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Elev. 0-65 ft. Native. 48° 25.92' N, 122° 48.158' W; Source: Specimen label Open grassy 4 acre(?) island with rock/cliff shores. Only trees are Ben Legler 2575 28 Apr 2005 several dozen stunted Pseudotsuga menziesii. Greenish/white flowers, 4 - parted. Rock crevice; uncommon. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-384317 Origin: Native. Peter Dunwiddie 05-12 26 Apr 2005 WTU-384218 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Priest Rapids Reservoir of Columbia River. Johnson Sluogh, circa 2 San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. miles noroth of Desert Aire boat launch. Fortress Island. Elev. 500 ft. Elev. 16-65 ft. T14N R23E S9 NE 1/4, SW 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., 48° 27.922' N, 122° 50.284' W; Source: Specimen label Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Treeless, 3.2 acre, island with steep north-facing slope. South-facing Long northeast-directed inlet on east river shore, sandy east shore slope dominated by Grindelia, Sedum, Holcus lanatus. Shrubs of slough, highly disturbed by camping fishermen. Phenology: include Rosa nutkana and Holodiscus discolor; moist swales and Fertile. Origin: Native. seeps sporadic. Locally common on south-facing ledge. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Joy Mastrogiuseppe 7053 6 Apr 1992 with Kali Robsen, Donna Wilcox, Darrell Pock L. A. Brooking 05-50 28 May 2005 WTU-358923 WTU-382199

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. ? Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Charles Island. Deadman Island. Elev. 25 ft. Elev. 9-32 ft. 48° 26.583' N, 122° 54.486' W; Source: Specimen label 48° 27.5' N, 122° 56.629' W; Source: Specimen label Vicinity of Caretaker's house. Common forest understory in thick Bedrock knob ca. [circa] 10 meters tall, with numerous crevices, moss; white flowers. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. several shrub thickets. Understory of thickets; common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Steve Hahn 05-81 27 Apr 2005 Louisa C. Dunwiddie 05-14 30 May 2005 Herbarium: WTU WTU-382081 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium multiflorum Kellogg Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Head of the north Fork of Imnaha River, Wallowa National Forest. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Elev. 8000 ft. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. T4S R45E S28; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Iceberg Island. Georef'd by Ben Legler Elev. 0-30 ft. Rocky soil; sagebrush type; with sagebrush, Phacelia; 40% south 48° 25.625' N, 122° 53.354' W; WGS 84 slope. Scattered. Phenology: Flowers. Island is low, ca. [circa] 30 feet high, relatively flat, with extensive bedrock outcrops throughout. Sedum lanceolatum is abundant Elbert H. Reid 740 27 Jul 1938 across the bedrock. A large swale in mid-island is dense Rosa nutkana thicket. A couple of small vernal pools in the bedrock near WTU-355447 the south side are noteworthy. Uncommon in thickets. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Lisa L. Bellefond 05-14 29 May 2005 Galium aparine L. WTU-382045 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Rubiaceae Rum Island. Elev. 16-32 ft. Galium aparine L. 48° 28.798' N, 122° 49.753' W; WGS 84 Island is narrow and runs north-south direction with forested area in U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: center. Dominated by Arbutus, Abies, Pseudotsuga, Quercus San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. overstory, and Bromus pacificus, Bromus mollis, Bromus rigidus Rim Island. understory. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 6-13 ft. 48° 28.891' N, 122° 49.595' W; Source: Specimen label Jessie Johanson 05-37 29 May 2005 One-half acre island; scattered shrubs; lots of grasses; stony. with Joe Johanson Annual. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-381508 Peter F. Zika 22027 28 May 2005 WTU-384484 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Near Decatur Island, Unnamed Island #3. Pullman. Elev. 6-32 ft. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: 48° 29.097' N, 122° 49.27' W; Source: Specimen label Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Unforested grassland; steep northwest facing outcrops. Rare in Common along open creeks and ponds; Eastern Washington. thicket. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Peter F. Zika 22125 30 May 2005 Louis F. Henderson 2487 17 Jul 1892 WTU-384192 WTU-16395

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Fremont-Winema National Forest. North Fork Sprague River at North Yakima. Forest Service Road 3411 crossing near Sandhill Campground. 46.60222°, -120.50472°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 6087 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 42° 35.619' N, 120° 52.626' W; NAD 27 Moist meadows and stream banks, Eastern Washington. Two Damp grassy bench along river. Other plants; Pinus contorta, specimens on one sheet from North Yakima and from Spokane, Artemesia arbuscula, Salix exigua, Juncus sp. White flowers. Washington. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Louis F. Henderson s.n. 30 May 1892 Don Knoke 473 1 Jul 2004 WTU-16399A WTU-367766 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: Spokane. Sprague. 47.65889°, -117.425°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: 47.30028°, -117.97444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist meadows and stream banks, Eastern Washington. Two Very common in warm, moist places, east as well as west of the specimens on one sheet from North Yakima and from Spokane, mountains. Two specimens on one sheet from Sprague and from Washington. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Lakeview, Washington. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Louis F. Henderson s.n. 9 Jul 1892 Louis F. Henderson s.n. 30 May 1892 WTU-16399B WTU-16392A Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Clemen's (Cleman's) Mountain. Lakeview. 46.81439°, -120.83698°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5500 m., Source: 47.15944°, -122.49694°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry, rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Very common in warm, moist places, east as well as west of the mountains. Two specimens on one sheet from Sprague and from Louis F. Henderson s.n. 14 Jun 1892 Lakeview, Washington. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-16407 Louis F. Henderson s.n. 25 Jul 1892 WTU-16392B Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: North Yakima. 46.60222°, -120.50472°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Common in wet meadows throughout the state. Two specimens on one sheet from North Yakima and from Maxfield, Washington. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Louis F. Henderson s.n. 27 May 1892 WTU-16433A Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Maxfield. Grandy Lake, along Baker Lake Road 4 miles NE of junction with 47.05675°, -122.70133°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Hwy 20. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 623 ft. Common in wet meadows throughout the state. Two specimens on 48° 33.937' N, 121° 48.286' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8 m. one sheet from North Yakima and from Maxfield, Washington. Shallow lake with soft bottom, marshy vegetation around edge, and Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. cold clear spring on north end; surrounded by conifer forest. Flowers white, mostly past flower; growing on floating logs. Phenology: Louis F. Henderson s.n. 22 Jun 1892 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-16433B Ben Legler 2324 3 Sep 2004 with David Giblin, Tad Dilhoff Rubiaceae WTU-364572 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Olympia. Galium boreale L. 47.03806°, -122.89944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Common in moist woods, along creeks, Western Washington. Often Fremont National Forest. Intersection of Forest Service Roads 28 put in beer by drinkers to improve taste. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: and 33. Two miles east of Happy Camp. Dairy Creek floodplain Native. south of road next to Creek. Elev. 5200 ft. Louis F. Henderson s.n. 22 Jun 1892 42° 28.154' N, 120° 38.541' W Mesic to wet soils. Willows alongs banks. Mix of native and WTU-16416 introduced grasses. Sedges, rushes, Bromus, Phleum, Alopecurus, Poa, Potentilla. Small grove of Pinus contorta on right (south) river bank. Dark silt loam soils. Cream flowers. Sweet scent. Phenology: Rubiaceae Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. Richard Robohm 04-04 2 Jul 2004 with Sarah Mallaby, Cindy Spurgeon, Jessie Johanson, Joe U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Johanson, Mary Johanson Fremont-Winema National Forest. About 8 miles northeast of Gearhart Mountain. Along Forest Service Road 28, 1/4 mile south of WTU-368014 Tamarack Lake. Elev. 6071 ft. 42° 32.544' N, 120° 41.987' W; NAD 27 Rubiaceae Open disturbed flat with scattered Pinus and Populus tremuloides. Flowers white. Scattered. Stems clustered. Phenology: Flowers. Galium latoramosum Origin: Native. ARGENTINA, ENTRE RIOS, URUGUAY: Ben Legler 1816 2 Jul 2004 5.4 km east of Colonia along road to Pt. Campichuelo. with Sarah Gage, Wendy Gibble, Robert Goff, Sharon Birks, Ken Elev. 82 ft. Davis 32° 41' 13" S, 58° 16' 34" W; NAD 27 Small arroyo surrounded by thorn scrub. Moist soil on bank WTU-369352 alongside road. Associated with Clematis, Cynodon, Glandularia, Justicia, and Verbena. Stout perennial, woody at base, stems up to 60 cm long, hanging down bank. Clear white fleshy fruits. Leaves Rubiaceae narrowly elliptic. Localized. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. Valerie Soza 1796 3 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: North and east shores of Summer Lake along Lake Cavanaugh Herbarium: WTU Road. Elev. 560 ft. 48.33396°, -122.16839°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Rubiaceae GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Floating Sphagnum bog mats rimming lake, with Pinus contorta, Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. Ledum groenlandicum, Carex, Juncus, Vaccinium oxycoccus. Flowers white; stems creeping in bog mat; uncommon. Phenology: ARGENTINA, ENTRE RIOS, COLON: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ruta 14, north side of Arroyo Marmol, km marker 174. Elev. 65 ft. Ben Legler 2819 4 Jul 2005 32° 3' 40" S, 58° 15' 42" W; NAD 27 Burned riparian area with Butia, Eryngium, and Eucalyptus. Above WTU-383013 sandy shore of arroyo on bank in shade of shrubs. Moist soil. Occasional, trailing perennial with stems ~ 60 cm long. Plant glabrous. Leaves linear. Fruits pale green, not hairy. Flowers sessile, solitary in axils. Involucre stalked, reflexed; involucral bracts ~3, unequal. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1797 4 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium noxium ssp. valantioides Galium hirtum ARGENTINA, ENTRE RIOS, COLON: ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, SANTO TOME: Arroyo Pos Pos, east side Ruta 14. Dirt road southeast of ACA Hotel in Santo Tome, above Rio Elev. 88 ft. Uruguay. 31° 58' 12" S, 58° 18' 13" W; NAD 27 Elev. 216 ft. Open grassland above arroyo; moist soil. Associated with 28° 32' 39" S, 56° 1' 56" W; NAD 27 Asteraceae, Butia, Equisetum, Eryngium, Juncus, Panicum, and South-east facing slope, in rocky dry clay soil. Disturbed vegetation Verbena. Locally common annual, erect up to 25 cm tall. Stems above river. Alongside road with Amaranthaceae, Asteraceae, ciliate. Flowers hermaphroditic, +- light green with purple-tipped Glandularia, Panicum, and Verbena. Locally common annual lobes. Fruits white, glabrous, solitary in axils on long peduncles, amongst herbs, sprawling to ascending up to 12 cm tall. Plant long sessile with involucre enclosing fruits. Involucral bracts large, ovate, wavy-hairy. Leaves linear-oblong, becoming reflexed, up to 6 mm and ciliate. Leaves +- spreading, 4/node, ovate, and ciliate. long. Fruits white and tuberculate. Flowers mostly appearing Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. hermaphroditic, but a few appearing female on same plant. Flowers hairy and yellow-green, clustered in axils or solitary. Involucre of 4 Valerie Soza 1798a 4 Feb 2006 subequal bracts, ascending to spreading. Peduncles 2-2.5 mm long. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1801 6 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. Rubiaceae ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, GRL. ALVEAR: Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. Arroyo Aguapey & Route 14, just south of Alvear, south side of route and east side of arroyo. ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, SANTO TOME: Elev. 203 ft. Flat park above Rio Uruguay, southeast of ACA Hotel in Santo 29° 6' 6" S, 56° 36' 28" W; NAD 27 Tome. Flat disturbed grassland above arroyo, dry soil. Associated with Elev. 196 ft. Cynodon, Portulaca, Verbena, and grasses. Locally common 28° 32' 39" S, 56° 1' 46" W; NAD 27 amongst herbs. Perennial herb, up to 7 cm tall, +- erect, glabrous, Disturbed area with evidence of horse grazing. Common, sprawling woody at base with spreading longer stems. Peduncle reflexed. perennial, woody at base and lower stems. Leaves linear, glabrous, Involucre of 3-4 unequal bracts with long terminal hair. Flowers +- and spreading. Only female flowers observed, yellow-green. Fruits solitary, yellow-green, and unisexual. Both male and female flowers green and papillose. Involucre of 4 unequal bracts on peduncles, observed on same plant. Fruits tuberculate, +- cream-colored to solitary in axils. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. green. Also common in understory of gallery forest above river with Apiaceae, Asteraceae, Eryngium, Fabaceae, Gomphrena, and Valerie Soza 1802 6 Feb 2006 Panicum. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Valerie Soza 1799 5 Feb 2006 Herbarium: WTU with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium megapotamicum Rubiaceae ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, SANTO TOME: Route 14, north of Santo Tome. Galium megapotamicum Elev. 301 ft. 28° 26' 51" S, 56° 6' 29" W; NAD 27 ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, SANTO TOME: Open, flat grassland along roadside. Dry clay soil. Associated with Route 14, south of Santo Tome. Andropogon, Gymnopogon, Juncus, and Setaria. Locally common Elev. 216 ft. perennial, ascending to erect, +- 18 cm tall. Growing amongst and 28° 41' 27" S, 56° 12' 58" W; NAD 27 through herbs. Stems glabrous. Leaves spreading to ascending, Open grassland alongside road in moist, clay soil. Locally common linear, margins ciliate or glabrous. Involucre of 2 spreading, perennial, up to 25 cm tall, glabrous, with woody base and lower linear-lanceolate bracts. Flowers yellow-green. Both female and portion of stems. Flowers light yellow, only female flowers observed. hermaphroditic flowers observed. Fruits cream-colored and Fruit pale green to white, tuberculate. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: tuberculate. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Valerie Soza 1803 6 Feb 2006 Valerie Soza 1800 5 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium hypocarpium (L.) Endl. ex Griseb. Galium hirtum ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, SANTO TOME: ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, ITUZAINGO: Estancia Garruchos, Establacimiento Las Marias, north side Route Southwest side of Route 12 at Arroyo Itaembe, just west of border 37. with Misiones. West side of arroyo. Elev. 426 ft. Elev. 305 ft. 28° 7' 54" S, 55° 42' 27" W; NAD 27 27° 27' 17" S, 56° 3' 2" W; NAD 27 Northeast slope above dam, just below road. Moist red clay soil. Along sunny roadside with Amaranthus, herbs, grasses, and vines. Associated with Andropogon, Axonopus, Baccharis, Eryngium, and Scarce annual with lower woody stems, ascending up to 18 cm tall. grasses. Occasional perennial, climbing to greater than 30 cm tall on Flowers hermaphroditic, pale yellow to green. Fruits pale green and adjacent grasses. Stems and leaves hairy. Leaves large and tuberculate. Inflorescence included within leaves. Involucre of 4 lanceolate, reflexed. Fruits orange and pubescent. Flowers bracts. Leaf margins and stem angles with long wavy hairs. Leaves yellow-green, appearing unisexual, with both male and female on +- oblong. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. same plant. Involucre of 4 bracts. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1810 9 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Valerie Soza 1804 6 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bigeminum Galium hirtum ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, ITUZAINGO: ARGENTINA, MISIONES, CONCEPCION: Southwest side of Route 12 at Arroyo Itaembe, just west of border Estancia Santa Lucia, along road to Puco, ~12 km south of with Misiones. West side of arroyo. Concepcion de la Sierra. Elev. 305 ft. Elev. 370 ft. 27° 27' 17" S, 56° 3' 2" W; NAD 27 28° 5' 33" S, 55° 32' 45" W; NAD 27 Along sunny roadside with Amaranthus, herbs, grasses, and vines. Along roadside, in red clay soil. Grassland with some forest patches. Dry soil. Locally common, ascending up to 30 cm tall. Plant +- Associated with Aristida, Eryngium, Paspalum, ferns, and grasses. glabrous, scabrous on stem angles and leaf margins. Leaves Occasional annual growing under shrubs or among herbs. Stems oblong. Flowers yellow-green and glabrous, apparently ascending to > 16 cm, long-hairy. Leaves spreading to reflexed hermaphroditic. Involucre of 3 bracts. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: below, linear-oblong, long-hairy. Flowers pale yellow-cream, hairy, Native. solitary in axils on long peduncles below and sessile in axils above. Flowers appearing unisexual, both male and female observed on an Valerie Soza 1811 9 Feb 2006 individual. Involucre of 4 +- equal, ascending bracts, tips reflexed. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Fruits creamy white to pale green and tuberculate. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1805 7 Feb 2006 Rubiaceae with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Galium noxium ssp. valantioides Herbarium: WTU ARGENTINA, CORRIENTES, CONCEPCION: 19.5 km southeast from Route 118 along Route 6, between Batel Rubiaceae and Concepcion. Elev. 213 ft. Galium bigeminum 28° 20' 36" S, 57° 56' 20" W; NAD 27 East side of road, less disturbed area. Flat, sunny ARGENTINA, MISIONES, CAPITAL: Eryngium-grassland with occasional tall shrubs. Dry soil. Common to Miguel Lanus. Road to Tacuru Social Club from Route 12 at Arroyo abundant, erect annual, up to ca. 34 cm tall. Growing in shade of Zaiman crossing. Southwest of Tacuru Social Club. South side of grasses. Wavy long hairs on stem angles and leaf upper surfaces, road and west side of river. margins, and veins. Leaves spreading to reflexed, narrowly ovate, Elev. 229 ft. 3-veined. Peduncles becoming reflexed. Involucre of 4 bracts, 27° 26' 50" S, 55° 54' 14" W; NAD 27 narrowly ovate, erect then spreading. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Mostly shady, rocky soil on slopes above river and flat, dense Native. grassland above river. Associated with riparian woodland and Adiantum, Cyperus, Eryngium, ferns and grasses. Occasional Valerie Soza 1812 10 Feb 2006 annual ascending to climbing on adjacent herbs, up to 76 cm tall. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Roots appear annual but lower stems woody on plants climbing tall on adjacent shrubs. Flowers cream-white, glabrous. Involucre of 2 Herbarium: WTU bracts or 2 long and 1 short bracts, glabrous. Fruits tuberculate, cream to pale green. Scabrous on stem angles. Leaf surfaces glabrous, leaf margins scabrous. Leaves oblong, spreading to reflexed. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1809 9 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium lilloi Galium gracilicaule ARGENTINA, JUJUY, DR. M. BELGRANO: ARGENTINA, JUJUY: ~8 km east of Route 9, along Route 29 from Leon to Tiraxi. Esquinas Blancas, along Route 9, on rock outcrops/cliffs at top of Elev. 5740 ft. slope above sign for Esquinas Blancas. 24° 57" S, 65° 23' 32" W; NAD 27 Elev. 11808 ft. Vertical, bare rock cliffs, southeast-facing, moist rock face. 22° 58' 46" S, 65° 28' 31" W; NAD 27 Associated with Adiantum, Equisetum, Lycopodium, West-southwest-facing, +- vertical rock outcrop, in moist sandy soil Melastomataceae, ferns, and hanging grass. Herbaceous perennial and on south-southwest-facing slope, apparently parent material hanging down from rock face, locally common. Stems up to 19 cm calcareous. Associated with Asteraceae shrub, Ephedra, Fabaceae long. Leaves 2/node. Flowers hermaphroditic, yellow-green, and shrub, Festuca, Galium corymbosum, Junellia asparagoides, cf. rotate. Fruits light green to tan, pubescent. Phenology: Flowers & Nassella, Solanum, and ferns. Rare perennial, ascending to 3-4 cm Fruits. Origin: Native. tall, +- glabrous, not woody. Growing below shrubs or from under rocks. Leaves narrowly elliptic, 4/node, spreading. Flowers Valerie Soza 1820 14 Feb 2006 hermaphroditic, yellow-green, glabrous. Fruits pale green & with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo red-tinged, short spreading hairy. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1829 15 Feb 2006 Rubiaceae with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Galium hypocarpium (L.) Endl. ex Griseb. Herbarium: WTU ARGENTINA, JUJUY, DR. M. BELGRANO: 13 km east of Route 9, along Route 29 from Leon to Tiraxi. Rubiaceae Elev. 5510 ft. 24° 26" S, 65° 22' 17" W; NAD 27 Galium nigroramosum (Ehrend.) Dempster Seepy, vertical, rocky, north-facing slope above road. Associated with Adiantum, Asteraceae herbs, Melastomataceae, Oxalis, ARGENTINA, TUCUMAN, CHICLIGASTA: Peperomia, Polygonum, Sisyrinchium, grasses and vines. 40 km west of Route 38 along Route 365 (40 km marker). Infrequent, +- erect perennial up to 21 cm tall, or sprawling and Elev. 4362 ft. climbing with longer stems. Leaves elliptic and spreading. Involucre 27° 19' 41" S, 65° 55' 35" W; NAD 27 of 4 bracts. Flowers pale green-yellow to light purple, rotate. Fruit Alongside sunny road in dry soil or in shade on steep, orange, pubescent, and fleshy. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: east-northeast-facing slope of selva. Associated with Native. Melastomataceae, Verbena, ferns and grasses. Common, hairy annual, +- erect or hanging off road bank. Inflorescence protruding Valerie Soza 1823 14 Feb 2006 above leaves. Leaves spreading, narrowly elliptic. Involucre of 4 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo unequal bracts. Flowers yellow-green, hermaphroditic. Fruits light green and glabrous. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1835 20 Feb 2006 Rubiaceae with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. Herbarium: WTU ARGENTINA, JUJUY: 4.5 km south of Route 13, road to Iruya, along Route 9, and 1.6 km Rubiaceae north of Arroyo Jallagua. Elev. 11250 ft. Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. 23° 2' 13" S, 65° 22' 42" W; NAD 27 Northwest-facing, moderate rocky mid-slope; at base of steepest ARGENTINA, TUCUMAN, CHICLIGASTA: portion of slope. Sunny, exposed, moist sandy soil at base of rocks 40 km west of Route 38 along Route 365 (40 km marker). or at base of shrubs. Associated with Amaranthaceae, Aristida, Elev. 4362 ft. Asteraceae shrub, Bouteloua simplex, Cyperus, Ephedra, 27° 19' 41" S, 65° 55' 35" W; NAD 27 Eragrostis, Erioneuron, Junellia asparagoides, Linum, Lycurus, Alongside sunny road in dry soil or in shade on steep, Microchloa, Muhlenbergia, Portulaca perennis, cactus, and grasses. east-northeast-facing slope of selva. Associated with Infrequent perennial, ascending up to 5-10 cm tall, not woody at Melastomataceae, Verbena, ferns and grasses. Scarce annual, +- base. Stems glabrous, stem and nodes pink-tinged. Leaves +- erect. Stems glabrous. Leaves linear and spreading, tipped with hair, linear, 4/node, glabrous, tipped with long hair, one-veined, margins and margins sometimes with hairs. Flowers yellow-green. Fruits pale and vein pink-tinged. Flowers cream-yellow, pink-tinged, glabrous, green and red-tinged, very papillose. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. apparently hermaphroditic. Involucre of 4 bracts, +- equal. Ovary Origin: Native. pale green, pink-tinged, and glabrous. Fruits tuberculate. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1836 20 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Valerie Soza 1827 15 Feb 2006 with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. Galium gilliesii ssp. gilliesii ARGENTINA, CORDOBA, PUNILLA: ARGENTINA, MENDOZA, LUJAN DE CUYO: Sierra Chica, Huerta Grande. Road east of Huerta Grande to El Road to Cerro del Cristo Redentor, southwest from Las Cuevas and Dragon (Paseo del Dragon), east of Route 38. Route 7. Cordillera de los Andes. Just below building "Repetidora de Elev. 3411 ft. Television." 31° 4' 18" S, 64° 28' 55" W; NAD 27 Elev. 11152 ft. Disturbed, flat hilltop. Sunny, dry soil. Open grassland with patches 32° 48' 43.5" S, 70° 4' 27" W; NAD 27 of thorn scrub. Associated with Asteraceae herbs and shrubs, East-northeast-facing, steep, sunny, exposed slope. Dry, loose soil Melica, and grasses. Occasional perennial, woody at base, +- 8 cm between rock outcrops and at bases of rocks or rock crevices. Also tall. Growing at bases of shrubs. Plant glabrous. Leaves linear, observed on gravelly, moderate slopes amongst rock outcrops. 4/node. Involucre of 2 to 4 linear bracts, tipped with hair. Flowers Associated with Bromus, Calandrinia, Helleborus, Hordeum, and cf. yellow-green, with red-tinged lobes in bud, appearing pistillate. Fruits Potentilla. No overstory. Common perennial, herbaceous, not young, pale green and tuberculate. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. woody. Mat/clump-forming, up to 5 cm tall. Plant short, stiff-hairy. Origin: Native. Leaves lanceolate. Corolla cream-yellow, rotate, hermaphroditic. Corolla lobes curved outward, inside glandular-papillate. Fruits long Valerie Soza 1841 22 Feb 2006 white-hairy. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Valerie Soza 1848 26 Feb 2006 Herbarium: WTU with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium bigeminum Rubiaceae ARGENTINA, CORDOBA, PUNILLA: Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Santa Maria de Punilla, Sierra Chica. Along east side of river along east side of Route 38. U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Elev. 2230 ft. 60th and Powell Valley, East Portland. 31° 17' 4" S, 64° 27' 32" W; NAD 27 Growing wild in a patch of woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Exposed rock outcrops and sand along river. In sun or shade. Introduced. Associated with Acacia, Cortaderia, Fabaceae tree and shrubs, and grasses. Perennial herb, woody at base, glabrous, sprawling to J. William Thompson 852 20 Apr 1926 ascending. Involucre of 2 oblong bracts. Flowers pale green to white, apparently hermaphroditic. Fruits glabrous, pale green to white. WTU-18620JWT Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1843 22 Feb 2006 Rubiaceae with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Near 175th Street North in Seattle. Rubiaceae 47.755949°, -122.338237°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Ibro Polovina Galium latoramosum Roadside weed. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. ARGENTINA, CORDOBA, PUNILLA: E. H. Jones s.n. 7 May 1939 Southwest of Copina, Pampa de Achala vicinity, Sierra Grande. East side of Route 14 (road to Copina), near junction with Route 20. Just WTU-49334 north of southwest junction of the 2 routes, at river crossing/bridge. Elev. 3936 ft. 31° 34' 28" S, 64° 39' 40.5" W; NAD 27 Rubiaceae Sunny, south-southeast-facing slope above river. In tall, dense grassland near rock outcrop. Associated with Asteraceae, Eryngium, Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) Fabaceae, Lamiaceae, Solidago, and ferns. Locally abundant Dempster & Stebbins perennial, woody at base, climbing to 75 cm tall. Stem angles scabrous. Leaves 4/node, linear, scabrous on margins. Corollas U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: yellow-green, glabrous, lobes revolute along margins, appearing On serpentine ridges near Snow Camp Mountain, Siskiyou hermaphroditic. No fruits observed on flowering plants; and no Mountains. flowers observed on fruiting plants. Fruits glabrous, white-green, Elev. 4500 ft. inflated when mature. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 42.344144°, -124.165694°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Valerie Soza 1844 22 Feb 2006 Phenology: Flowers. with Travis Columbus, Gilberto Ocampo J. William Thompson 12885 22 Jun 1936 Herbarium: WTU WTU-4874JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) Galium bolanderi A. Gray Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Siskiyou National Forest, 20-23 miles west and north of Selma on Along the Big Tree Trail. Illinois River Road (3504) or 8-11 miles north of intersection of 3504 Phenology: Flowers. and 374 on 3504. Elev. 1180 ft. William H. Baker 209 30 Jun 1949 42.35201°, -123.779622°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Source: with George C. Ruhle Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Lowland deciduous woods mostly of Quercus, also Holodiscus, WTU-297362 Pseudotsuga, Calocedrus; in shaded woods along trail. Infrequent, fruiting. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Melinda F. Denton 2478 21 Jun 1973 Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) WTU-259247 Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Rubiaceae Along the Big Tree Trail. Phenology: Flowers. Galium ambiguum W. Wight William H. Baker 209 30 Jun 1949 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: with George C. Ruhle Happy Camp/ Cave Junction Road. Elev. 3690 ft. WTU-299156 42.046782°, -123.554071°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 912 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Richard Olmstead Mixed conifer chaparral on serpentine with Ceanothus, Rubiaceae Arctostaphylos, Quercus, Festuca, Madia, Whippleya. Perennial from rhizomes; low growing. Phenology: Flowers. Galium ambiguum W. Wight Richard G. Olmstead 909 21 Jun 1986 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Waldo. WTU-315640 Elev. 1583 ft. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Lewis S. Rose 34164 12 Apr 1934 Galium ambiguum W. Wight WTU-167007 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: 2 miles south of Union Mountain Lookout, approximately 12 miles Rubiaceae west of Waters Creek. Elev. 4000 ft. Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) 42.333503°, -123.809309°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 19312 m., Dempster & Stebbins Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Siskiyou National Forest, west side of Vulcan Peak, 39 miles C. L. Hitchcock 5128 3 Jul 1939 northeast of Brookings. with J. S. Martin Elev. 3800 ft. Loose rocks on serpentine sloopes; Pinus monticola, Pinus attenata, WTU-21297JWT Quercus vaccinifolia, Juniperus communis var. montana zone. Matted perennial; infrequent; flowers yellow. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Melinda F. Denton 3688 15 Jun 1975 Galium ambiguum W. Wight WTU-262516 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: 2 miles south of Union Mountain Lookout, approximately 12 miles Rubiaceae west of Waters Creek. Elev. 4000 ft. Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) 42.333503°, -123.809309°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 19312 m., Dempster & Stebbins Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Fiddler Mountain road, above Josephine Creek, 1.8 miles south of C. L. Hitchcock 5128 3 Jul 1939 bridge over Illinois River by Eight Dollar Mountain. with J. S. Martin Elev. 1800 ft. 42.223819°, -123.70447°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 450 m., Source: WTU-53221 Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Steep slope with grassy parkland of Pinus jeffreyi, Arctostaphylos viscida, Calocedrus over serpentine. Common, flowers yellow. Phenology: Flowers. K. L. Chambers 3940 11 May 1974 WTU-274166 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ambiguum W. Wight Galium ambiguum W. Wight U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Sexton Mountain. Siskiyou National Forest; 16.1 miles west of intersection of highway Elev. 2000 ft. 199 and 3807, on 3807 in Babyfoot Lake Area (Botanical). 42.598875°, -123.361667°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2482 m., Elev. 4160-4460 ft. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 42.226145°, -123.793539°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6400 m., Rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Forest of Castanopsis chrysophyll var. minor, Lithocarpus J. William Thompson 10256 10 Apr 1934 densiflorus, Pinus lambertiana, Pinus attenuata, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Arctostaphylos, and Ceanothus. Flowers pale yellow; WTU-15736JWT locally common. Phenology: Flowers. Melinda F. Denton 2306 18 Jun 1973 Rubiaceae WTU-260086 Galium ambiguum W. Wight U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Rubiaceae Near O'Brien. Rocky plains. Phenology: Flowers. Galium ambiguum W. Wight J. William Thompson 10235 10 Apr 1934 U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Grave Creek. WTU-15738JWT Phenology: Flowers. Thomas Howell s.n. 21 May 1884 Rubiaceae WTU-18869 Galium ambiguum W. Wight U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Rubiaceae 8 miles west of O'Brien, at the Blue Turn, just below Oregon Mountain. Galium ambiguum W. Wight Open, steep serpentine-peridotite slopes with scattered P. jeffreyi, P. monticola and Douglas fir (stunted); understory of Quercus U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: vaccinifolia, Arctostaphylos nevadensis. Phenology: Flowers. Rough and Ready Creek. Elev. 1400 ft. A. R. Kruckeberg 1874 21 Jun 1950 T40S R8W S18; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler WTU-183637 Yellow pine - Chaparral; associated with Pinus ponderosa-Quercus garryana-Ceanothus cuneatus-Cercocarpus betuloides; lever valley floor, coarse rocky soil, moderate dry, full sun. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae L. E. Detling 4705 6 May 1941 Galium ambiguum W. Wight WTU-200405 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Slate Creek. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae C. V. Piper 6269 11 Jun 1904 Galium aparine L. WTU-22888JWT U.S.A., IDAHO, ADA COUNTY: 20 yards north of Table Rock road. Elev. 2750 ft. Rubiaceae 43° 38' N, 116° 11' W; T3N R3E S7 On north facing slope of gully app. Small herb with white flower. Galium ambiguum W. Wight Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Jeff P. Aldape 28 5 May 1998 Oregon Mountain, Siskiyou Mountains. Dry rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-341022 J. William Thompson 436 15 Aug 1925 Rubiaceae WTU-18711JWT-A Galium ambiguum W. Wight Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Siskiyou National Forest; Vulcan Peak, 11 miles south of Quail Galium bolanderi A. Gray Prairie Lookout or 39 miles northeast of Brookings. Elev. 3630 ft. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Ridge with Pinus monticola, Quercus vaccinifolia, Arctostaphylos; 6 miles south of Kerby, near Rough-and-Ready Creek. serpentine slopes with loose rocks. Occasional to frequent on open Phenology: Flowers. slopes among loose rocks; fruiting. Phenology: Flowers. J. William Thompson 2266 13 Apr 1927 Melinda F. Denton 3008 3 Jul 1973 WTU-18711JWT-B WTU-259090 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ambiguum W. Wight Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WALLA WALLA COUNTY: Forest Road 4402, 3 miles southeast of junction with Forest Road Wallula Gap. 112; (west of O'Brien) Siskiyou National Forest. 46.08556°, -118.90417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 3250 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 41° 59' 52" N, 123° 48' 8" W; T41S R9W S18; WGS 84, North hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital map, Georef'd by John Bassett F. L. Pickett 1403 4 Apr 1934 North side of road sloping gently uphill; south facing aspect; open with R. L. McMurray, L. A. Dillon young forest of Ponderosa pine, Calocedrus with Arctostaphylos shrub layer. Small plant; tiny flowers greenish yellow; 4 petals; WTU-65973 leaves in whorls of 4. Phenology: Flowers. Roger N. Fuller 98-34 28 Jun 1998 Rubiaceae WTU-345746 Galium bifolium S. Watson Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: O'Leary Mountain. Galium aparine L. Elev. 4800 ft. T17S R6E S5; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Georef'd by Ben Legler San Juan Island, Friday Harbor Marine Laboratory Grounds, Middle Montane Forest (Abies nobilis); associated with Alnus southwest of Fernald Laboratory, southwest of proposed building rhombifolia-Polemonium carneum-Polygonum site, adjacent to parking lot and volleyball court. phytolaccaefolium-Calochortus Lobbii; east mountain slope, Elev. 10-23 ft. moderate moist loam in full sun. Phenology: Flowers. 48° 32' 39" N, 123° 51" W; T35N R4W S12; Source: Specimen label L. E. Detling 3094 28 Jun 1938 Deep forest and forest's edge. Lax habit. Growing over ground and over other plants, in fruit. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-74194 Sarah Gage SG-2860 2 Jun 1997 Rubiaceae WTU-336200 Galium bifolium S. Watson Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Galium ambiguum W. Wight 1 1/2 miles south of Frenchman Butte. 46.287154°, -115.53972°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Forest Highway 25, 1 mile north of Serpentine Point, Siskiyou Spruce-fir; seral, open scurb; associated with Acer, Salix, National Forest. Ceanothus, Vetutinus; old burn. Phenology: Flowers. Elev. 3798 ft. 42° 23' 5" N, 123° 38' 23" W R. F. Daubenmire 4579 12 Jul 1945 West-facing meadow; serpentine barren west of road; substrate gravelly (many small rocks); growing under pine with grass (Festuca WTU-239056 californica #4719). Flowers yellowish-green. Phenology: Flowers. Sarah Gage 4727 27 Jun 1998 Rubiaceae WTU-345626 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae Near "Toolie" Lake, 3 miles nothwest of Ewan. 47.11694°, -117.73389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium aparine L. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: In Tumwater Canyon near Leavenworth. F. L. Pickett 1582 7 Jun 1934 47.59639°, -120.66028°; WGS84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: with J. F. G. Clarke, L. A. Dillon GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Among shrubs. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-65991 J. William Thompson 8456 22 Jun 1932 Rubiaceae WTU-22741JWT Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: 0.5 mile northeast of Seattle. 47.611507°, -122.32324°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In thicket. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. W. J. Eyerdam 6546 30 May 1949 WTU-290975 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle. State University, Seattle. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Moist woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. V. Piper 615 16 May 1889 Lyman Benson 1382 15 May 1929 WTU-16389 WTU-43560

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: Alki Point, Seattle. Umatilla National Forest, road 46, about 4 miles north of Godman 47.57639°, -122.40861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Guard Station. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 5199 ft. Atroadside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. T8N R40E S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff T. C. Frye s.n. 18 Oct 1908 Open lithosol-type area with eastern and southern aspects. Surrounding forest of Pinus ponderosa, Abies, Picea engelmannii, WTU-16390 mosts shrubs heavily browsed (presumably by elk). In fruit. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Sarah Gage 2933 29 Jun 1997 Galium aparine L. WTU-338522 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle, Big Bedstraw, Renton. Rubiaceae 47.48306°, -122.21583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium bifolium S. Watson Damp hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: C. Graiuger 211 16 Apr 1910 Near Sheep Camp Spring, 0.6 miles east of Jackson Gap, east of Dutchmans Peak. WTU-16394 Elev. 6900 ft. T41S R1W S6; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Rubiaceae In shade of bushes by road, near top of ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Galium bifolium S. Watson K. L. Chambers 4365 10 Jul 1977 U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: WTU-273514 Siskiyou National Forest; on highway 4045, 1.8 miles northwest of intersection of 4045 and 3941 or 25 miles east of Cave Junction. Elev. 5700-6000 ft. Rubiaceae Wet meadows with Veratrum and Ranunculus between woods of Abies Procera, Abies grandis, Calocedrus, and Arctostaphylos. Galium aparine L. Fruiting. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Melinda F. Denton 2608b 23 Jun 1973 5 miles southwest of Anacortes. 48.461587°, -122.688629°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., WTU-260058 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Woods, near roadside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 3435 15 May 1938 Galium aparine L. WTU-45066 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Renton. Rubiaceae 47.48306°, -122.21583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium aparine L. White flower. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: W. V. Lovitt s.n. 16 Apr 1910 Stuart Island. 48.674722°, -123.210556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3700 m., WTU-16393 Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Base of rock pile at edge of low meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. H. Lawrence 164 27 Jun 1904 WTU-96203 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, TWIN FALLS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: South Hills, Rogerson-Oakley road, Shoshore Creek, 1.5 miles east Yellow Island. of Shoshore Guard Station, 20.5 (13.5 airline) miles easat of 48.592222°, -123.031944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 250 m., Source: Rogerson. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 6500 ft. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. T14S R18E S10; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Peter Dunwiddie 863 17 May 1981 In lodgepole pine forest. Common to locally abundant. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-282172 Noel H. Holmgren 5978 19 Jun 1972 with Patricia K. Holmgren Rubiaceae WTU-276834 Galium bifolium S. Watson Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, CROOK COUNTY: Along Indian Creek, north of Big Summit Prairie. Ochoco Mountains Galium aparine L. between Prineville and Mitchell. Elev. 5000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: T13S R21E S25; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, South side of Satus pass, about 7 miles from summit. Georef'd by Ben Legler 45.985°, -120.6525°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Under scattered ponderosa pines in semi-meadow. Phenology: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers. Dry meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Arthur Cronquist 7386 6 Jul 1953 C. L. Hitchcock 20162 1 May 1954 WTU-153513 WTU-168037 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: Canyon of Mill Creek, 3-6 miles Northwest of Paisley. 1 mile southeast of Spanish Peak, Ochoco Mountains southwest of Moist ground. Phenology: Flowers. Dayville. Elev. 6500 ft. Morton E. Peck 15662 15 Jul 1927 T13S R25E S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler WTU-22890JWT-A Moist slope near seepage area just below crest of ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Arthur Cronquist 7547 21 Jul 1953 Galium bifolium S. Watson WTU-153511 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Mount McKay, Tiffany Range. Rubiaceae 48.616389°, -119.918333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium aparine L. Moist slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Robert Bigelow 90 8 Jul 1931 Railroad tracks at Woodland Creek. T18N R1W S22; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, WTU-22890JWT-B Georef'd by Ben Legler Under Alnus and Fraxinnus. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Sarah Gage G&R 322 20 Jun 1992 with Sharon Rodman Galium bifolium S. Watson WTU-345176 U.S.A., IDAHO, CAMAS COUNTY: Crouch Summit; 7 miles north of Soldier. 43.471678°, -114.79083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Rubiaceae GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff On sagebrush covered slope in decomposed granitic soil. Galium aparine L. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: C. L. Hitchcock 23821 5 Jul 1965 Yellow Island. 48.592222°, -123.031944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 250 m., Source: WTU-224137 Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Peter Dunwiddie 881 17 May 1981 WTU-282170 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNEVILLE COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Caribou Range, southeastern end of Big Elk Mountain, 9 airline 1 mile east of Silver Pass, 9 miles west of Four Mile Ranger Station; miles south of Palisades Dam. Boulder River Canyon. Elev. 8800 ft. 45.341299°, -110.337194°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., T2S R45E S31; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Among sagebrush. Common. Phenology: Flowers. C. L. Hitchcock 16354 12 Jul 1947 Noel H. Holmgren 5576 22 Jul 1971 with Vernon Marttala WTU-115370 WTU-276835 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., MONTANA, SWEET GRASS COUNTY: 2 miles below Rainbow Lakes along East Fork Boulder River. U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: 45.236279°, -110.187617°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Along Morgan Creek, circa 15 miles from mouth. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 44.616002°, -114.159344°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Under pines. Phenology: Flowers. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Under willows. Phenology: Flowers. C. L. Hitchcock 16515 16 Jul 1947 C. L. Hitchcock 14135 29 Jun 1946 WTU-115369 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-105611 Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: Galium bifolium S. Watson About halfway between Pine and Prairie Post Office. 43.48417°, -115.31111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Near Lake Bootahnie, Marble Mountains. Under willows near small stream. Phenology: Flowers. Elev. 5000 ft. 50.38353°, -121.541698°; uncertainty: 3200 m. C. L. Hitchcock 15502 18 Jun 1947 Subalpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-115371 J. William Thompson 147 20 Jun 1938 with Emily M. Thompson Rubiaceae WTU-16679JWT Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Roche Harbor, San Juan Island. Galium bifolium S. Watson 48.61°, -123.1475°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Rocky quany above development. Scattered annuals with tiny white Headwaters of Sheep Creek, Seven Devils Mountains. flowers, with Arenaria serpyllifolia, common. Phenology: Flowers. 45.456717°, -116.535407°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Gravel slide. Phenology: Flowers. Scott R. Atkinson 335 6 Apr 1992 Marion Ownbey 2070 26 Jun 1940 WTU-325064 with Fred G. Meyer WTU-73615 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Galium bifolium S. Watson San Juan Island; Cattle Point, south end of island. 48.450278°, -122.962778°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 300 m., Source: U.S.A., MONTANA, MADISON COUNTY: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Ten miles southwest of Crockett Lake. On north side of dunes. Fruiting. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Gravely range, in open slope among firs. Phenology: Flowers. Melinda F. Denton 3475 1 Aug 1974 C. L. Hitchcock 12521 19 Jul 1945 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-259602 WTU-98192 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Stuart Island. Along Skyline Drive, 2 miles west of Highway 95 Junction. 48.674722°, -123.210556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3700 m., T43N R5W S13; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Nat. Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Moist shady places. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Grassy bank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. W. H. Lawrence 3 17 Jun 1904 William H. Baker 15891 9 Jun 1960 WTU-96282 WTU-296974

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Priest Rapids Reservoir of Columbia River. Johnson Sluogh, circa 2 Fraser River Canyon near Yale. miles noroth of Desert Aire boat launch. 49.566667°, -121.433333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8000 m., Elev. 500 ft. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer T14N R23E S9 NE 1/4, SW 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Long northeast-directed inlet on east river shore, sandy east shore J. William Thompson 9 28 May 1938 of slough, highly disturbed by camping fishermen. Phenology: with Emily M. Thompson Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-16612JWT Joy Mastrogiuseppe 7053 6 Apr 1992 with Kali Robsen, Donna Wilcox, Darrell Pock Rubiaceae WTU-354632 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Priest River Experimental Forest. Galium aparine L. 48.355678°, -116.787586°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Melissa Bowers U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNEVILLE COUNTY: Seral community, dense, herbaceous, arborvitae-hemlock vegetation Little Elk Creek. zone. Margin of beaver pond. Stems up to 2 meters long. Elev. 7478 ft. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 43° 21.2' N, 111° 7.1' W; T1N R45E S36 SW In dry streambed by large rock. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. F. Daubenmire 44485 17 Sep 1944 J. F. Smith 4846 12 Aug 2003 WTU-271591 WTU-355727 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: Sawtooth Primitive Area; headwaters of South Fork Payette River U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: above Sacajawea Hot Springs, 1.5 miles north of Elk Lake. Boise National Forest, Forest Service Road 384, Crooked River 44.071634°, -115.750945°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Trail. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 4880 ft. Dry soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 43° 55.043' N, 115° 35.572' W; T7N R7E S26 Dry hillside along river with seeps, Salix, Alnus, Cornus along river, C. L. Hitchcock 9836 11 Jul 1944 Pinus ponderosa, Pinus contorta, Pseudotsguga, Spiraea along with C. V. Muhlick hillsides, soil sandy rocky granite, hay scented. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-93631 J. F. Smith 4051 19 Aug 2001 Rubiaceae WTU-352765 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Greer. 46.39°, -116.17417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Washington Bay, Kuiu Island. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 56.721111°, -134.356907°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2400 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer C. R. Stillinger s.n. 26 Jun 1923 In thicket in spruce forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-139323 W. J. Eyerdam 7581 1 Aug 1951 WTU-297034 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Along Priest River, 3 miles south of outlet to Priest Lake. Along southwest slope of Tomer's Butte. 48.446432°, -116.905153°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Talus slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. R. L. Nisbet 29 3 Jul 1955 William H. Baker 15611 5 Jul 1959 WTU-297123 WTU-297102 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Circa 1 mile west of Whitebird Summit. U.S.A., IDAHO, NEZ PERCE COUNTY: T29N R2E S6; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, At Arrow Junction, confluence of the Clearwater and Potlatch Rivers, Georef'd by Ben Legler twelve miles east of Lewiston. Under Crataegus near creek. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 46.478458°, -116.766361°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Quentin Jones 86 20 Jun 1950 Roadside draw. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-143789 William H. Baker 7405 13 May 1951 WTU-296926 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Lower DeGarmo Canyon. Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge. Elev. 5772 ft. U.S.A., IDAHO, BUTTE COUNTY: 42.483825°, -119.775215°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Craters of the Moon National Monument. Summit of Sunset Cone. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 43.41667°, -113.51667°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Under Juniperus ocidentalis, on thin dry soil. Flowers white. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 006 8 Jun 1996 William H. Baker 13198 30 Jun 1955 WTU-337960 WTU-297118 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge, Blue Sky area. Blue Sky Along Prichard Creek at Monarch Gulch, Thompson Pass Road. parking area. T49N R5E S13; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Elev. 5999 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 42° 25' N, 119° 43' W; T35S R26E S32 Talus slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In the Ponderosa pine grove. Aspen grove with blue camas, 30 centimeters, stems stick to each other readily. Phenology: Flowers. William H. Baker 13553 18 Jul 1955 Origin: Native. WTU-297114 Robert Goff 30 8 Jun 1996 with Diane Ferguson Rubiaceae WTU-337952 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Harpster Grade, south of Harpster. Galium boreale L. 45.98667°, -115.9625°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Rocky talus slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Along Little Salmon River; 11 miles north of New Meadows. 45.130759°, -116.283964°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., William H. Baker 11422 15 May 1954 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297288 William H. Baker 12139 26 Jul 1954 WTU-296984 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Payette River Valley, 5 miles west of Donelly. Nome River. Seward Pennisula. Wet meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sandy bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 9121 5 Jul 1952 George Neville Jones 9190 Jul 1936 WTU-297059 WTU-35972

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, FREMONT COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: 3 miles southwest of Bechler River Ranger Station. Hart Lake, east side of Hart Lake, north end of lake. T9N R45E S12; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Elev. 4526 ft. Georef'd by Ben Legler 42° 30' N, 119° 49' W Lodgepole pine woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Along edge. Water's edge. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 9791 13 Aug 1952 Sarah Gage SG1727 8 Jun 1996 WTU-297356 WTU-335777 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BANNOCK COUNTY: Along Mill Creek, Caribou National Forest two miles west of Summit CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Ranger Station. Summit of Hart highway. T12S R36E S31; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 54° N, 123° W; Misleading coordinates given only to nearest GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff degree. Woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 9329 16 Jul 1952 D. H. Calverley 69 8 Jun 1958 WTU-297054 WTU-194799 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, GALLATIN COUNTY: Hart Mountain National Wildlife Refuge; Poker Jim Ridge; east side Buffalo Horn Canyon. of ridge, above Poker Jim Spring. Elev. 7000 ft. Elev. 5576 ft. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 42° 30' N, 119° 49' W Sagebrush slope amidst 100 year old Juniperus. Under Juniperus. P. A. Young s.n 16 Jul 1933 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-35969 Sarah Gage SG1737 9 Jun 1996 WTU-335785 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., ALASKA, NOME COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Seward Pennisula, Nome, Anvil Peak. 64.581856°, -165.347303°; uncertainty: 6000 m. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Hart Mountain National Antelope Refuge; Rock Creek; about 5 miles northeast of Refuge Headquarters. George Neville Jones 9191 Jul 1936 Elev. 5248 ft. T34S R27E S29; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, WTU-35971 Georef'd by Ben Legler Shallow canyon, in crevices at base of north facing cliff above Rock Creek. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Alison Colwell JM229 8 Jun 1996 with John Myers WTU-335431 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Edgewood, Lower Arrow Lake. Arras. 49.782003°, -118.154276°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4959 m., 55° N, 120° W; Misleading coordinates given only to nearest Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer degree. In sand by lake. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In roadside grass. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. M. Ridewood 26 17 Jun 1960 D. H. Calverley s.n. 27 Jul 1958 WTU-196972 WTU-194786 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Akutan, Aleutian Island. About 11 miles southeast of Delta Junction. 54.121589°, -165.894741°; uncertainty: 17000 m., Georef'd by Wet grassy area in scrub spruce forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Joseph Stormer Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. R. John Taylor 3118 23 Jul 1965 G. N. Jones 8940 WTU-226532 WTU-101508

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Port San Juan, Evans Island. Tex Creek Roadcut, about 2 kilometers north of Murderer's Creek 60.050833°, -148.0675°; uncertainty: 1200 m. Junction on Malheur National Forest Road 21. On seashore. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. T15S R29E S7; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital map, Georef'd by John Bassett W. J. Eyerdam 5898 18 Jul 1948 On open slope of rocky debris below roadcut, with Luina serpentina, Bromus sterilis. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-175224 William Kunin s.n. 19 Jul 1991 Rubiaceae WTU-321372 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, BENEWAH COUNTY: 3 miles south of Tensed. Galium boreale L. 47.116573°, -116.92083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Roadside, grassy field. This is a voucher specimen for pollen 11 miles on road to Loon Lake from junction on Cache Creek-Clinton reference collection 350, L. B. Brubaker, U. of W. Taken October, highway. 1990. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Common in open Ponderosa Pine-Douglas Fir woods. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. William H. Baker 14370 11 Jul 1956 J. A. Calder 17748 22 Jun 1956 WTU-314653 with J. A. Parmelee, R. L. Taylor WTU-202530 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Wagon Mount Road, Lolo Creek, Petty Creek Divide, 22 miles southwest of Missoula. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Elev. 5600 ft. Sugarloaf Hill, San Juan Island. Douglas-fir zone. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 48.54111°, -123.08472°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Peter F. Stickney 815 3 Jul 1963 West-central part of island, moss and lichen-covered rocky outcrop with easterly exposure. Mostly in open, with Collinsia parviflora, WTU-234559 common annuals. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Scott R. Atkinson 379 8 May 1992 WTU-325100 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Above Multnomah Falls. 4 miles north of Lion Lookout Station, Table Mountain, 12 miles By rocky trail. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. northeast of Liberty. 47.31081°, -120.58562°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: J. William Thompson 2744 19 Jun 1927 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-22751JWT C. L. Hitchcock 3626 12 Jun 1938 with Roland V. Rethke, R. Van Raadshooven Rubiaceae WTU-45641 Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: Rubiaceae Near Eagle Creek. 45.299591°, -122.18758°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 20097 m., Galium aparine L. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Beside the highway. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Five Mile View Point, Imnaha Canyon, Wallowa Mountains. J. William Thompson 2749 21 Jun 1927 45.538423°, -116.795026°; uncertainty: 400 m., Georef'd by Joseph Stormer WTU-22750JWT Rocky hillside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 9061A 6 Jun 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-297055 Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Rubiaceae Five miles north of Takla Landing. Forest (spruce) edge of muskeg. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. T. T. McCabe 7876 17 Jul 1940 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Bear Lake. WTU-74912 Forest edges, clearing, abundant. Still in bloom, soon passing. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae T. T. McCabe 7983 28 Jul 1940 Galium aparine L. WTU-78202 U.S.A., IDAHO, FRANKLIN COUNTY: Strawberry Creek Canyon, 20 miles northeast of Preston. Rubiaceae T13S R41E S3; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium aparine L. Rocky bank. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: William H. Baker 9305 15 Jul 1952 Edge of Moscow Mountain, five miles northeast of Moscow. 46.7325°, -116.99917°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-297003 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Grassy bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae William H. Baker 8938 27 May 1952 Galium bifolium S. Watson WTU-297057 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Fish Lake, 12 miles northeast of Salmon La Sac. Rubiaceae 47.51513°, -121.06729°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium bifolium S. Watson Near stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: C. L. Hitchcock 7951 29 Jun 1942 About 12 northwest of Conconully. T37N R24E S32; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-76197 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In open logged meadow-hillside. Plant an annual. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. Leo Hitchcock 21676 1 Jul 1958 Galium boreale L. with C. V. Muhlick U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: WTU-190289 Three Saints Bay, Kodiak Island. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. J. Eyerdam 537 5 Aug 1931 WTU-86084 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., IDAHO, OWYHEE COUNTY: Three miles east of New Hazelton. Above Sawpit Creek, circa 2 miles south of Silver City. 55.249804°, -127.507459°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 m., 42.987967°, -116.73222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Common in moist open places, often on dry gravel. In full bloom or Dry gravelly slope. Occasional. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. passing. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 8250 27 Jul 1951 T. T. McCabe 8123 4 Aug 1940 WTU-297060 WTU-78203 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Trinity Islands. Alitak, Lazy Bay, near helicopter pad. Along Saint Joe River, 2 miles west of Calder. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.277772°, -116.232953°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff H. B. Looff 153 1937 Densely timbered hillside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. with E. H. Looff J. H. Christ 51-506 11 Jul 1951 WTU-314352 WTU-294697 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Mount Ingalls, Mount Stuart District. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Elev. 4920 ft. Four miles northwest of Fort Saint James. 47.47263°, -120.94637°; WGS84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Abundant in Douglas fir woods. Just coming into full bloom. Flowers Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff cream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In coniferous woods; Canadian zone; Range from Washington to California, Colorado and Montana. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: T. T. McCabe 7469 21 Jun 1940 Native. WTU-78204 W. J. Eyerdam 1081 4 Jul 1937 WTU-291264 Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Head of Beverly Creek, Wenatchee Mountains. Elev. 5000 ft. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: 47.372454°, -120.877017°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Oregon Caves National Monument and Vicinity, Sand Ridge, Lake Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Mountain trial. Dry open slope. Phenology: Flowers. 42.086699°, -123.37071°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer J. William Thompson 7751 27 Jul 1931 Open slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-22893JWT William H. Baker 54 28 Jun 1949 with George C. Ruhle Rubiaceae WTU-299154 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Fort Saint James. Galium boreale L. Abundant everywhere, clearings, forest edge, open woods. Flower white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Olga Bay, Cannery Station. T. T. McCabe 7820 13 Jul 1940 Elev. 500 ft. T35S R31W S8; uncertainty: 5000 m., Georef'd by Joseph WTU-78205 Stormer Wet grassy slope of Cannery Mountain. Flowers whitish. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ethel H. Looff 16 10 Jul 1981 WTU-313977 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Along the No Name Trail, Oregon Caves Momument. Olga Bay, Cannery Station. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 200 ft. T35S R31W S8; uncertainty: 5000 m., Georef'd by Joseph William H. Baker 81 2 Jul 1950 Stormer with George C. Ruhle Grassy slope. Southeast exposure. Flowers whitish. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-298193 Ethel H. Looff 20 11 Jul 1980 Rubiaceae WTU-313976 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Payette National Forest, east of McCall, Lick Creek road. Elev. 5600 ft. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: 44° 56' N, 115° 58' W; T18N R4E S5 S Alitak valleys. Open marsh/ sedge meadow at edge of Forest Service boundary. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Ethel H. Looff 33 Jul 1937 James F. Smith 3234 30 Jul 1994 with Henry B. Looff WTU-331181 WTU-313975

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, NEZ PERCE COUNTY: Olga Bay, Cannery Station. Canyon of the Clearwater, 2 miles east of Spaulding. Elev. 200 ft. Rocky canyon. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. T35S R31W S8; uncertainty: 5000 m., Georef'd by Joseph Stormer William H. Baker 11357A 24 Apr 1954 Grassy slope. Southeast exposure. Flowers whitish. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297119 Ethel H. Looff 20 11 Jul 1980 Rubiaceae WTU-314220 Galium bolanderi A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Galium bifolium S. Watson Red Mountain, Siskiyou Mountains. Elev. 7000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. [no locality given]. Elev. 4600 ft. J. William Thompson 12373 29 Jul 1935 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-15760JWT J. B. Flett 1194 26 Jun 1894 WTU-35975 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Eastern Oregon, Dixie Butte, Blue Mountains. Dry soil in shelter of low shrubs. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., IDAHO, NEZ PERCE COUNTY: Craig Mountains. Above Lake Waha. Wm. C. Cusick 3505 2 Jul 1910 46.07611°, -116.85056°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-140985 Open rocky slope, thickets. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 8917 17 May 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-296991 Galium boreale L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Whitehorse. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Amy Rude s.n. 20 Jun 1946 WTU-110926 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bolanderi A. Gray Galium bolanderi A. Gray U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Red Mountain, Siskiyou Mountains. Red Mountain, Siskiyou Mountains. Elev. 7000 ft. Elev. 7000 ft. Alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Alpine serpentine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. J. William Thompson 12373 29 Jul 1935 J. William Thompson 12347 28 Jul 1935 WTU-34472 WTU-15761JWT

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bolanderi A. Gray Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Red Mountain, Siskiyou Mountains. San Juan Island. West side of Mount Dallas above West Side Road. Elev. 7000 ft. About 7.8 miles northwest of Friday Harbor. Alpine serpentine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Elev. 98 ft. 48.615038°, -123.125826°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: J. William Thompson 12347 28 Jul 1935 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-32983 Patrick Elvander 601 1 May 1976 Rubiaceae WTU-267542 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: Along the Snake River, 2 miles west of Clarkston. Galium bolanderi A. Gray 46.416382°, -117.08617°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Rocky banks. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Mason's Wall along Rogue River, 3 miles south of Illahe. Rocky banks. Phenology: Flowers. William H. Baker 11381 1 May 1954 William H. Baker 11599 15 Jun 1954 WTU-296964 WTU-297943 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bolanderi A. Gray Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: 2 miles north of Eal. Der. line. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Open wooded slope. Phenology: Flowers. Lopez Island; Chadwick Hill, Lopez Village 8 miles southeast. Elev. 455 ft. Morton E. Peck 16434 27 Jun 1931 T34N R01W S16 S 1/2; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-8895JWT Rocky soil, shelter of PSME, some Cerastium arvense, a few Grindelia integrifolia. Flowers white. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae D. Naas 5709 16 May 1995 Galium aparine L. WTU-331948 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Granite Point, south of Wawawai, in the Snake River Canyon. Rubiaceae 46.63139°, -118.05194°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium boreale L. In sheltered rocky places. Upper Sonoran Zone. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNEVILLE COUNTY: Big Elk Creek trail, from trailhead to Wyoming state line. W. A. Weber 2070 12 Apr 1941 Elev. 7478 ft. 43° 19' N, 111° 3' W; T1S R46E S3 NE WTU-66532 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. F. Smith 4889 13 Aug 2003 WTU-355726 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: San Juan Island, Friday Harbor Marine Laboratory grounds. Twisp, Valley of Methow River. Elev. 10-23 ft. Elev. 1600-3000 ft. 48° 32' 39" N, 123° 51" W; T35N R4W S12; Source: Specimen 48.129743°, -120.001573°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., label Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Foreseted area northwest of Fernald Lab and proposed building site, Shaded draw. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. west of parking lot. More or less open areas. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Harold St. John 5504 16 Jul 1921 with W. D. Courtney, Charles S. Parker Sarah Gage SG-2807 7 May 1997 WTU-110699 WTU-336277 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: Glenwood. Canyon of the Snake River, 2 miles south of Asotin. 46.018846°, -121.291196°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., 46.310484°, -117.04722°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Rocky cliffs. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. B. Flett 1193 18 Jul 1899 William H. Baker 13932 29 Apr 1956 WTU-38147 WTU-297103

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Goose Lake. Near Cedonia. Phenology: Flowers. 48.15389°, -118.16806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff J. B. Flett 1190 18 Jul 1899 Wood edges near the water. Inflorescence dense, showy, white leaves in fours. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-38146 Mae E. Dennis 41 10 Jul 1946 Rubiaceae WTU-110806 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Snoqualmie prairie. Galium aparine L. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COWLITZ COUNTY: Ernest C. Smith s.n. 4 Jun 1889 5 miles south of Kelso, on cliff above Old Pacific Highway. 46.07151°, -122.8657°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: WTU-16398 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 23347 1 May 1964 with C. V. Muhlick Galium aparine L. WTU-220481 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: 3 miles west-northwest Bickleton. Elev. 3198 ft. Rubiaceae 45.99806°, -120.29944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium aparine L. Arid-timbered transition, road edge. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Yellow Island. E. Hunn 360 3 Jun 1977 West meadow, all habitats except most dry, increase size variable. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-270819 R. Johns s.n. 25 Apr 1991 WTU-332797 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Wild Rose Prairie, 15 miles north of Spokane. Near Wauconda Summit. 47.876007°, -117.425°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Elev. 3000 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.72583°, -119.0125°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Moist meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist meadows. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sister Mary Milburge 1204 11 Jul 1936 J. William Thompson 8625 2 Jul 1932 WTU-15749JWT WTU-22870JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Silver Lake, near town of Medical Lake. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Elev. 2360 ft. Between Tonasket and Republic. 47° 34' 15" N, 117° 39' 30" W; T24N R41E S17 48.70528°, -119.43833°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Growing at roadside of Freeman Road. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Native. Low wet meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sarah Gage G&R571 14 Jul 1992 J. William Thompson 7115 29 Jun 1931 with Sharon Rodman WTU-22898JWT-A WTU-344445 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Near Cle Elum. Along the Selway River, at Selway Falls. 47.19556°, -120.93806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: 46.051751°, -115.306544°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry prairies. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rocky banks. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 6855 24 Jun 1931 William H. Baker 14826 30 May 1957 WTU-22898JWT-B WTU-297014 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Okanogan River 8 miles above Riverside. Along the Little Salmon River, about 8 miles south of Pollock. 48.626036°, -119.466263°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., 45.218499°, -116.317278°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff On bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In moist thickets. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Chas. B. Fiker 796 7 Jun 1932 William H. Baker 6706 28 May 1950 WTU-22739JWT WTU-296924 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Between Cle Elum and Easton. 7 miles west of Republic. 47.210556°, -121.084722°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Elev. 3500 ft. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.64742°, -118.86297°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Moist open places. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Sandy alluvial soil; south slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 6684 13 Jun 1931 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 14 Jul 1932 WTU-22738JWT-A WTU-107942 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Spokane. 1/2 mile west of Pullman. 47.65889°, -117.425°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: 46.731382°, -117.220852°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. North hillside, burned over pasture. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sister Mary Milburge 469 10 Jun 1932 F. L. Pickett 353 13 Sep 1915 WTU-22738JWT-B WTU-67081 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Hurricane Ridge, Olympic Mountains. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Elev. 6500 ft. Clark Springs, 10 miles north of Spokane. 47.961667°, -123.4575°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 47.813611°, -117.406667°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff High alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In grassy wood by brook. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 14202 6 Sep 1937 F. O. Kreager 80 30 Jun 1902 WTU-38395 WTU-68621

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Near Bossburg. Columbia River Valley, 1 mile south of Northport. Elev. 1356 ft. Elev. 1400 ft. 48.7525°, -118.04083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: 48.573336°, -118.087048°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Field. Flowers white, herbage somewhat glandular. Phenology: Sandy alluvial soil; northwest slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Flowers. Origin: Native. Native. Vivian L. Dotts s.n. 3 Jun 1937 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 13 Jul 1932 WTU-48759 WTU-107941

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Saint Marie's Highway 6 miles north of Harvard. Pullman. Low meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3543 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Sara Legler F. L. Pickett 1527 27 May 1934 On hillsides. Abundant. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-65942 F. L. Pickett 605 28 Jun 1916 WTU-66636 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Pullman. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3543 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Sara Legler Olympic Peninsula, Quillayute Prairie. On north hillsides. Abundant. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.94634°, -124.52951°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff F. L. P. 605 28 Jun 1916 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-67127 Geo. N. Jones 3573 Aug 1931 WTU-21629 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Columbia River at Gifford Ferry. South of Palouse River, west of Colfax. Elev. 1290 ft. 46.889552°, -117.365093°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 48.572811°, -118.086806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sandy shore. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. I. C. Otis 1942 19 Jun 1934 H. T. Rogers 523 24 May 1940 WTU-26182 WTU-83903 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: South of Palouse River, west of Colfax. Mile 46. 46.889552°, -117.365093°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Elev. 656 ft. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Damp grassy slopes. U. B. C Survey Party June - July 1956. Rocky hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. I. C. Otis 1942 19 Jun 1934 T. M. C. Taylor 1411 15 Jul 1956 with A. Szczawinski, M. Bell WTU-15740JWT WTU-172402 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, YUKON TERRITORY: Near north-south runway. Whitehorse. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Sandy area. Flowers white. Stem erect. Phenology: Flowers. Pullman. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: D. A. Mitchell 124 6 Jul 1949 Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett North hillsides. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-290710 C. V. Piper 1504 26 Jun 1893 Rubiaceae WTU-16400 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: 7 miles west of Republic. Galium boreale L. Elev. 3500 ft. 48.64742°, -118.86297°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Hurricane Ridge, Olympic Mountains. Sandy alluvial soil; south slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 6500 ft. 47.961667°, -123.4575°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 14 Jul 1932 Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff High alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-187943 J. William Thompson 14202 6 Sep 1937 Rubiaceae WTU-10350JWT Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Mouth of DeGarmo Canyon. Hart Mountain National Antelope Galium boreale L. Refuge. Elev. 4854 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: 42° 30' N, 119° 50' W; T36S R25E S4 Albion. Open rocky hillside above stream. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. In moist places. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Mildred Arnot Ma-773 8 Jun 1996 Sister Mary Milburge s.n. Jun 1931 WTU-335388 WTU-34870 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Between Cle Elum and Virden. Columbia River Valley, 1 mile south of Northport. 47.19556°, -120.93806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 1400 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.573336°, -118.087048°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Low spot, moist and fed by irrigation leakage. Phenology: Flowers. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Origin: Native. Sandy alluvial soil; northwest slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Martha R. Flahaut s.n. 23 Jun 1932 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 13 Jul 1932 WTU-337125 WTU-97126 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: 7 miles west of Republic. U.S.A., IDAHO COUNTY: Elev. 3500 ft. Boise. 48.64742°, -118.86297°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Elev. 2880 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Thickets. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Sandy alluvial soil; south slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Aven Nelson 20 26 May 1911 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 14 Jul 1932 with J. Francis Macbride WTU-97128 WTU-32229

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Canyon - four miles north of Lower Post. 1 1/2 miles east of havilla. 59° 59' N, 128° 33' W 48.827602°, -119.172435°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Southerly side of hill in clearing. Tiny white flowers. Phenology: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers. Origin: Native. Shady woods, Larix-Pseudotsuga-Pinus ponderosa. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. G. A. Corcoran 67 2 Jul 1951 Louis A. Dillon 888 25 Jul 1937 WTU-143638 WTU-95822 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Columbia River Valley, 1 mile south of Northport. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Elev. 1400 ft. Washington Bay, Kuiu Island. 48.573336°, -118.087048°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., 56.721111°, -134.356907°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2400 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Sandy alluvial soil; northwest slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: In gravel on seashore. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. W. J. Eyerdam 5468 25 Aug 1947 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 13 Jul 1932 WTU-122830 WTU-97127 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, CLATSOP COUNTY: 4 miles southeast of Spangle. Beach near Seaside. 47.386542°, -117.318652°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Roadside prairie formation; loamy soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: G. E. Morrill 99 24 Jun 1933 Native. WTU-27972 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 27 Jun 1935 WTU-97065 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNEVILLE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Caribou Range, Hoffman Campground, overlooking Palisades Ellensburg. Reservoir, 12.5 airline miles south-southeast of the dam. 46.996514°, -120.547847°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 7500 m., Elev. 5800 ft. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer T3S R46E S8; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Common in lodgepole pine forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: K. Whited s.n. 1 Jun 1897 Native. WTU-20660 Noel H. Holmgren 5525 20 Jul 1971 with Vernon Marttala Rubiaceae WTU-276945 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Port Hobron, Sitkalidak Island, Kodiak. 57.159397°, -153.164167°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Lake Ozette. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 48.155°, -124.66583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff W. J. Eyerdam 132 20 Aug 1931 Thicket, shore. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-81854 G. N. Jones 5958 12 Aug 1954 WTU-35977 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Near Fulda, Falcon Valley. 45.97682°, -121.30818°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Above Lone Tree Creek on Rogue River, 1 mile south of Illahe. Borders of meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Dry hillside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 5183 15 Jul 1905 William H. Baker 5296 30 May 1948 WTU-228002 WTU-129622 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Shumagin Islands; Mist Harbor. Newman Lake. 55.122845°, -159.847531°; uncertainty: 2000 m., Georef'd by 47.77694°, -117.09389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Joseph Stormer GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Base of sea-cliff. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Moist ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. D. Martel 227 1 Aug 1935 Sister Mary Milburge s.n. Jun 1931 WTU-101692 WTU-22900JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: Wapla, Hector. Payette National Forest, east of McCall, Lick Creek road, Brown Herb, MBG 863,952 (Finland). Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Lake and road to it. Elev. 5600 ft. F. Comte C-8 Jul 1927 44° 56' N, 115° 58' W; T18N R4E S5 Corolla white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-329484 James F. Smith 3245 30 Jul 1994 WTU-330947 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Raspberry Island, Port Vita. East Twin, Moscow Mountain. Elev. 3 ft. 46.81194°, -116.90417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 58.065556°, -153.076792°; uncertainty: 3000 m., Georef'd by GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Joseph Stormer South slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. On back beach in sand and gravel as with Elymus arenerius mollis and Honckeny. Peploides, common. Root = 10 to 15 centimeters. Ben Chichester 284 30 Jun 1950 Mounted duplicate from the Herbarium of the University of California. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297124 Walter J. Eyerdam 3131 18 Jul 1939 Rubiaceae WTU-98693 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: Near Altmiller's two miles from Pierce. Galium boreale L. 46.49111°, -115.79806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., IDAHO, FRANKLIN COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Strawberry Creek Canyon, 20 miles northeast of Preston. T13S R41E S3; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: R. M. Joslyn 925 11 Jul 1946 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297120 William H. Baker 9304 15 Jul 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-296985 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: Glacier National Park. Garden Wall, 1.5 miles north of Logan Pass. Galium boreale L. 48.71924°, -113.721089°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1600 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: On steep southwest facing slopes. Open rocky ledges and talus 2 miles south of McCall. slopes. Leaves 3-nerved at base. Flowers apparently perfect. 44.882147°, -116.09778°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Grassy hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. A. R. Kruckeberg 4331 10 Aug 1957 William H. Baker 11760 12 Jul 1954 WTU-190201 WTU-297944 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Six miles east of Boulder. U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: 46.227095°, -111.991745°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9656 m., In Logan Pass, going to the Sun Highway, Glacier National Park. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 48.69953°, -113.718857°; uncertainty: 800 m. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Streamside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. F. B. Cotner s.n. 4 Jul 1954 William H. Baker 13872 15 Aug 1955 WTU-297122 WTU-297947 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Tomer's Butte, 4 miles southeast of Moscow. North of Lower Table Rock, on Sams Valley Road, 0.6 miles west of 46.691538°, -116.939429°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: junction with Highway 234 and 1.1 miles west of Table Rock Road. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff T35S R2W S32; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Ben Legler Pastures and woodland of Quercus garryana, Pinus ponderosa, Ben W. Chichester 1257 15 Jul 1954 Ceanothus cuneatus, Arctostaphylos viscida. Abundant around base of oaks. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297117 K. L. Chambers 1633 6 May 1961 WTU-258710 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Along southwest slope of Tomer's Butte 4 1/2 miles southeast of Wallowa Whitman National Forest, circa 1 mile north of Lake Fork Moscow. Campground on north Pine Creek. T38N R5W S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Elev. 3000 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open associated of Pinus ponderosa, Ribes ceereum. Occasional. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. L. Nisbet 60 3 Jul 1955 Brenda Bafus 188 19 Jun 1979 WTU-297121 WTU-278879

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BEAR LAKE COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Above St. Charles Creek, Porcupine campgrounds. Kodiak. Moist, bushy slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 57.79°, -152.407222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer E. J. Larrison 232 13 Jul 1955 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297099 Ruth Mylroie s.n. 1911 WTU-127972 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Galium boreale L. Hat Creek Valley, Marble Mountains. Elev. 3000 ft. U.S.A., MONTANA, MADISON COUNTY: 50.889953°, -121.418146°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 5 Miles North East Norris. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 45.619256°, -111.615964°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Arid slopes. Pollen collected 26 Feb 1979. Phenology: Flowers. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Origin: Native. In damp wooded areas. Abundant. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 218 26 Jun 1938 with Emily M. Thompson W. E. Booth 2912 5 Jul 1948 WTU-48164 WTU-136950

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BINGHAM COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Northwest end of Sheep Mountain, 38 airline miles north of Soda Washington Bay, Kuiu Island. Springs. 56.721111°, -134.356907°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2400 m., Elev. 6700 ft. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer T2S R41E S32; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: On sea beach. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In open aspen woods. Common; fragrant white flowers. Phenology: W. J. Eyerdam 5489 25 Aug 1947 Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-122819 Noel H. Holmgren 5444 15 Jul 1971 with Vernon Marttala Rubiaceae WTU-276944 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, PONDERA COUNTY: Conrad, about 15 miles north. Galium boreale L. In bunchgrass along roads. Common; sometimes abundant. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., MONTANA, POWDER RIVER COUNTY: Broadus, 25 miles northwest. W. E. Booth 52365 15 Jun 1952 Low brushy areas and at lower edges of pine forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-149067 W. E. Booth 2557 16 Jun 1948 WTU-133899 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BENEWAH COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, MADISON COUNTY: Along shore of Lake Chatcolet, 10 miles northeast of Plummer. McAllister, 15 miles west. Elev. 2200 ft. In forest in moist areas. Common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. T47N R3W S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Origin: Native. Georef'd by Ben Legler In gravel. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. E. Booth 2934 5 May 1948 Arthur Cronquist 5967 16 Jul 1949 WTU-136949 with Quentin Jones WTU-169116 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Glacier National Park: Swiftcurrent Valley. Elev. 5000 ft. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Open gravelly floor. Flowers white, becoming green when dry; stem Alexai Point. four-angled. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 10 ft. Sandy beach. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Daniel H. Brant 11 3 Jul 1948 Robert M. Hardy 384 13 Sep 1945 WTU-131915 WTU-97320 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Near head of Denny Creek west of Klamath Lake. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Yellow pine woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Port Vita, Raspberry Strait, Raspberry Island, Kodiak group. 58.073032°, -153.102293°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Elmer I. Applegate 3404 9 Jul 1922 Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Amongst tall grass. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-56261 W. J. Eyerdam 3826 20 Jul 1945 Rubiaceae WTU-192512 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Akutan, Aleutian Islands. Galium aparine L. 54.1259°, -165.888412°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15909 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Aleutians, Attu Island, between Cape Khlebnikof and Krupa Point. 52.898343°, 173.287268°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3210 m., Source: I. L. Norberg 434 5 Aug 1934 Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Beach and high beach. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-81850 Robert M. Hardy 238 20 Jun 1945 Rubiaceae WTU-97404 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, LEWIS COUNTY: Winchester. Galium boreale L. 46.24°, -116.62333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., MONTANA, SANDERS COUNTY: Open grassy group. Frequent. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. South of Camas. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 7682 2 Jul 1951 Fred A. Barkley 2528 9 Jun 1938 WTU-296928 WTU-51486 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Near north outlet of Lac la Hache. Fish Lake. On open, rocky ground in logged-over land, lodgepole-spruce forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. R. Anderson 635 14 Sep 1916 C. L. Hitchcock 22077 2 Jul 1961 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-174544 WTU-209493 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: South edge of city limits, Troy. U.S.A., ALASKA, ALEUTIANS WEST COUNTY: 46.73694°, -116.76861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Attu Island, Aleutian Islands, Chichagof Harbor Area. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 52.929826°, 173.2459°; uncertainty: 2000 m. Open woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In sand on beach. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 15235 1 Jul 1958 Gilmore W. Soule M.D. 172 12 Jul 1945 WTU-297013 WTU-154581 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, HOOD RIVER COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, FREMONT COUNTY: Ca. [circa] 1 mile east of Hood River. Along Canyon Creek, Meadow Creek Road, Targhee National In open oak woodland on basaltic cliffs. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Forest, 5 miles southeast of Henry's Lake. Native. T14N R44E S5; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff C. L. Hitchcock 20129 30 Apr 1954 Woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-168094 William H. Baker 9878 23 Aug 1952 WTU-296925 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Galium boreale L. 8 miles east of Moscow, Troy road. 46.732376°, -116.830197°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: U.S.A., IDAHO, BEAR LAKE COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Along Saint Charles Creek, Douglas fir zone, 3.5 miles west of Saint Open roadside ditch. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Charles. T15S R43E S20; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: William H. Baker 14380 12 Jul 1956 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Grassy flat. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-297052 William H. Baker 9424 22 Jul 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-296923 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Fort Klamath. Galium trifidum L. Edge of road, grassy meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: William H. Baker 6831 24 Jun 1950 Northeast Corvallis, between Canterbury Circle and Frazier Creek. WTU-297941 Elev. 221 ft. T11S R5W S24; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital map, Georef'd by John Bassett Wet grassland and marshes; associated species: Veronica, Myosotis, Carex, Juncus, Beckmannia, Rosa, Plagiobothyrs. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Richard R. Halse 1842 12 Jun 1978 WTU-286285, WTU-V-029597 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., ALASKA, SOUTHEAST FAIRBANKS COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Admiralty Island; east side in Seymour Canal; west shore of Canal at Southeastern, Pleasant Island, north of Chichagof Island, west end south side of mouth of Pack Creek. of Pleasant Island. 57° 53' 50" N, 134° 16' 47" W Elev. 0-20 ft. Adjacent to trailhead to bear viewing platform, at beach-forest Graveelly uplifted beach ridges, between upper beach gravel and ecotone, under alder. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. upper beach meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Mary Clay Muller 5673 30 Jun 1992 Mary Clay Muller 4932 31 Jul 1982 WTU-331495 WTU-289022

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, OWYHEE COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, BENEWAH COUNTY: Quicksilver Mountain, Silver City Range. 3 miles south of Tensed. 42.94778°, -116.63222°; WGS 84, 47.11625°, -116.92125°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by WTU Staff Field. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Growing on talus slopes. Occasional. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 15927 18 Jun 1960 William H. Baker 8215 WTU-297107 25 Jul 1951 Rubiaceae WTU-297095, WTU-V-029564 Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, KOOTENAI COUNTY: Rubiaceae Lake Coeur d' Alene at Gotham Bay. 47.59556°, -116.78444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Galium aparine L. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Shore. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: Near Service Creek, about 13 miles southeast of Fossil. William H. Baker 13572 19 Jul 1955 Elev. 3000 ft. T8S R22E S3; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, WTU-297104 Georef'd by Ben Legler Rocky soil under mixed conifers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Arthur Cronquist 6698 25 Jun 1950 Galium trifidum L. WTU-144204 U.S.A., OREGON, HOOD RIVER COUNTY: Elk Meadows, Mount Hood. Rubiaceae Elev. 5000 ft. 45.344007°, -121.617297°; WGS 84, Galium trifidum L. uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Alpine meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. 20 miles south of Prospect. Origin: Native. Mountain meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 155 J. William Thompson 13078 17 Jul 1925 3 Jul 1936 WTU-18623JWT, WTU-V-029600 WTU-10760JWT, WTU-V-029598 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Between Lake Osooyoos and Bridesville. Pine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 14378 18 Jul 1939 WTU-57753 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, MORROW COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Anson Wright Memorial County Park, Highway 207 5 miles south of To King Mountain. Hardman. Elev. 3000 ft. T5S R26E S30; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, By mountain stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Ben Legler On hillside directly opposite park, south facing open slope with J. William Thompson 12015 12 Jul 1935 vertical stripes of unvegetated weathered basalt scree, with Scutellaria, Penstemon. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-15759JWT Richard Olmstead 306 14 Jun 1983 Rubiaceae WTU-315923 Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: Cottage Grove: mile post #6 on along Hillside Drive. Galium boreale L. Elev. 1000 ft. T20S or 21S R3W U.S.A., IDAHO, KOOTENAI COUNTY: Second growth timber with grass understory. Phenology: Flowers. 3 miles south of Tensed. Origin: Introduced. Field. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. John Raasch s.n. 6 May 1996 William H. Baker 15927 18 Jun 1960 WTU-334143 WTU-219863 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Towards Honna River west of Queen Charlotte City, Graham Island. Three miles north of Fort St. James. Among logs along upper part of beach. Common. Phenology: Open, grass and willow bog. Dense on a Flowers. Origin: Native. tussock; flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. A. Calder 22467 13 Jul 1957 with D. B. O. Savile, R. L. Taylor T. T. McCabe 7580 WTU-240984 25 Jun 1940 WTU-72821, WTU-V-029599 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: Rubiaceae Seven miles south of Corvallis. 44.462876°, -123.26083°; WGS 84, Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. uncertainty: 7000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Roadside. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: 25 miles, Montlake, Seattle. Native. T25N R4E S21; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler William H. Baker 5375 Weed in dense shade, with Geranium robertianum, north end of arboretum. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Introduced. 5 Jun 1948 P. F. Zika 14696 31 Oct 1999 WTU-129621, WTU-V-029601 WTU-347437 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., ALASKA, KENAI PENINSULA COUNTY: Upper Hat Creek, Marble Mountains. Kenai Peninsula. Seward. Head of Resurrection Bay. Elev. 3000 ft. 60° 7' N, 149° 25' W 50.817329°, -121.577703°; uncertainty: 16000 m. Among Elymus and sedges along bank of creek 50 feet to 100 feet Arid slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. back from beach. Locally common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 504 18 Jul 1938 with J. William Thompson J. A. Calder 7019 27 Aug 1951 WTU-17845JWT WTU-177065 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Highway between Portland and Astoria. Seward Peninsula. Nome. Base of Anvil Peak. Wet roadside. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. George Neville Jones 9191 Jul 1936 Helen M. Gilkey s.n. WTU-12182JWT 10 Jun 1939 WTU-154606, WTU-V-029602 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Along Forest Road 4105, 7.4 miles from junction with Forest Road Rubiaceae 4103, Siskiyou National Forest. Elev. 2650 ft. Galium oreganum Britton T37S R9W S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 407 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Richard Olmstead U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Moist seep on steep bank on left side of road. Prostrate annual, Silverton. white flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 48.07844°, -121.567062°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Richard G. Olmstead 98-22 27 Jun 1998 Four-leaved bed straw. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-345606 L. S. Bouck s.n. Jun 1895 WTU-16402 Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Goat Mountains near Lake Christine. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Between Lake Osooyoos and Bridesville. J. B. Flett s.n. 19 Aug 1903 Pine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-36880 J. William Thompson 14378 18 Jul 1939 WTU-20146JWT Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, LAKE COUNTY: Galium palustre L. Southeast of McDonald Lake; Mission Range. Elev. 2000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: 47.400571°, -113.912065°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4654 m., Green Mountain Resort Conservation Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Easement. Above lake. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. T2N R3E S20 S21; Willamette Meridian; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, C. L. Hitchcock 18229 12 Jul 1948 Georef'd by Ben Legler Fraxinus latifolia - Carex obnupta wetland. With WTU-125822 Ranunculus repens, Oenanthe sarmentosa, Spirea douglasii, Carex unilateralis, Geum macrophyllum, Prunella vulgaris, Agrostis cf. Rubiaceae tenuis, Scutellaria lateriflora, Rumex conglomeratus. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Galium oreganum Britton Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: E. Habegger 601 At Big Timber Camp along the west fork of the Dosewallips River. 47.688764°, -122.897951°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 7 Aug 1998 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist open woods and old rock talus; transition zone. Phenology: WTU-338800, WTU-V-029557 Flowers. Origin: Native. Fred G. Meyer 696 28 Jul 1936 WTU-9153JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., MONTANA, POWELL COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Flathead River, 1 mile northwest of Big Prairie Ranger Station; Along the South Fork of the John Day River, 8 miles south of Flathead National Forest. Dayville. Bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 2900 ft. T14S R26E S12; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, C. L. Hitchcock 18527 20 Jul 1948 Georef'd by Ben Legler Open, rocky (basaltic) slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-125235 Arthur Cronquist 7020 25 May 1953 Rubiaceae WTU-153509 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Galium oreganum Britton About 4 miles south of Sicamous on east side of Mara Lake. On open, rocky bluffs and ledges by lake. Common. Phenology: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Fruits. Origin: Native. Mount Rainier, trail to Van Trump Park. Elev. 4000 ft. J. A. Calder 8750 5 Jun 1953 46.79806°, -121.77806°; Georef'd by Joseph Stormer with D. B. O. Savile On rock slide. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-232531 G. N. Jones 9683 5 Sep 1936 WTU-101644 Rubiaceae Galium palustre L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Green Mountain Resort Conservation Easement; Willamette Meridian. U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: T2N R3E S20; T2N R3E S21; Willamette 6 miles west of Wren. Meridian; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Wet depression in upland field. With Myosotis Pat Packard s.n. 20 Jun 1950 laxa, Rorippa islandica, Plagiobothrys figuratus, Juncus sp., Deschampsia cespitosa, Carex WTU-149268 densa, Anthoxanthum odoratum. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae E. Habegger 437 Galium oreganum Britton 11 Jun 1998 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: WTU-338418, WTU-V-029562 By trail to Van Trump Park, Mount Rainier. Elev. 4000 ft. 46.79806°, -121.77806°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Rocky alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium oreganum Britton J. William Thompson 12557 14 Aug 1935 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: WTU-32765 Base of Goat Rocks, Goat Rocks Primitive Area. Elev. 5000 ft. 46.49276°, -121.43658°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Rubiaceae GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium aparine L. J. William Thompson 15191 6 Aug 1940 U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Along Poison Creek, about 5 miles northeast of Burns. WTU-22297JWT Elev. 4300 ft. T22S R31E Rocky felsitic slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Arthur Cronquist 7061 1 Jun 1953 WTU-153512 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: 4 miles northwest of Julietta. U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: Prairie. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Along Mores Creek; 3 miles south of Bad Bear Forest Camp. 43.628419°, -115.989821°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., R. F. Daubenmire 37338 11 Jun 1937 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky banks. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-239756 William H. Baker 10368 12 Jul 1953 Rubiaceae WTU-314608 Galium oreganum Britton Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Olympic Mountains. Galium oreganum Britton 47.80682°, -123.61225°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 40000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Olympics. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. A. D. E. Elmer 2456 Jul 1900 C. V. Piper s.n. Sep 1890 WTU-18868JWT WTU-16405 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Dempster Olympic Mountains. 47.80682°, -123.61225°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 40000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Pullman. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett A. D. E. Elmer 2456 Jul 1900 In low copses. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-167008 Emma J. Hardwick s.n. 26 Jul 1895 WTU-348497 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: Galium palustre L. Green Mountain Resort Conservation Easement. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: T2N R3E S20/21; Willamette Meridian; WGS Green Mountain Resort Conservation 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Nat. Geog. Easement, Willamette Meridian. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett T2N R3E S20 and 21; Willamette Meridian; Ditch in upland field. With Eleocharis acicularis, NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Carex densa, and Carex unilateralis. Phenology: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Near drainage ditch. With Mimulus moschatus, Myosotis laxa, Carex obnupta, Carex E. Habegger 500 lenticularis. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 20 Jun 1998 E. Habegger 545 WTU-338288, WTU-V-029604 15 Jul 1998 Rubiaceae WTU-338289, WTU-V-029561 Galium oreganum Britton Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Snoqualmie River. Galium oreganum Britton Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: C. V. P. 921 12 Aug 1890 Soleduck [Sol Duc] River. 47.95164°, -124.4645°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6500 m., Source: WTU-16404 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky place in forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. George Neville Jones 8381 23 Aug 1935 WTU-32503 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Crater Lake National Park, along Redblanket Creek. U.S.A., MONTANA, RAVALLI COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Bitterroot Mountains, southeast slope of Big Dravu between east and west Boulder Peaks. Above Nelson Lake. William H. Baker 6428 28 Aug 1949 Elev. 8200 ft. Southeast slope of Big Dravu, with Melica boulbosa, Potentilla WTU-297956 gladlilosa. Phenology: Flowers. Klaus H. Lackschewitz 3110 1 Aug 1971 Rubiaceae WTU-266047 Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, OWYHEE COUNTY: Silver City Range. Galium oreganum Britton 43.01694°, -116.73222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: Wooded banks, along creek. Occasional. Phenology: Fruits. Along Eagle Creek, at Camp Millard. Damp ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 8033 18 Jul 1951 J. William Thompson 63 30 Sep 1925 WTU-296989 WTU-22874JWT-A Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Westport. Foot of Pacific Avenue. Crater Lake National Park. Kerr Notch. 46.89028°, -124.10278°; WGS 84, Phenology: Flowers. uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff William H. Baker 7153 3 Aug 1950 Tideland; with Salicornia, Jaumea carnosa, Chenopodium album, Spergularia. Corolla WTU-296986 3-lobed, 2 millimeter diameter; leaves whorls of 4 to 6. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Grace Patrick 11 Galium oreganum Britton 30 Jun 1991 U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Clear Lake. WTU-320140, WTU-V-029608 Border of swamp. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Morton E. Peck 15900 26 Jul 1927 Galium oreganum Britton WTU-22874JWT-B U.S.A., OREGON, LINN COUNTY: Willamette National Forest; on lumber road 2.3 miles west of Rubiaceae Highway 126 or Clear Lake. Elev. 3400 ft. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Woods of Pseudotsuga, Abies procera, Abies amabilis, Tsuga heterophylla, Rhododendron macrophyllum, Acer circinatum; in U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: woods or at margins of woods. Infrequent; flowers yellow. Eagle Creek, five miles from Eagle Creek Station. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Banks. Phenology: Flowers. Melinda F. Denton 3700 2 Aug 1975 J. William Thompson 2601 11 Jun 1927 WTU-262546 WTU-18622JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: COUNTY: Edge of Willapa River. Three miles east of Westhaven State Park, Westport. Raymond. 46.90861°, -124.11194°; WGS 84, 46.671279°, -123.669335°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by WTU Staff In stabilized dune area, back of the beach. With Swampy land, associated with Lysichitum and various grasses and sedges, Potentilla pacifica. Veronica. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Corolla 3-lobed, 2 millimeter diameter; leaves in whorls of 4-6. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Donald Hedrick 131 Origin: Native. 11 Jun 1936 Grace Patrick 13 WTU-5716JWT, WTU-V-029609 2 Jul 1991 WTU-320138, WTU-V-029607 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: 8 miles west of Cherryville. U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: In roadside woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ragsdale Springs, 12 miles northwest of Trail. Elev. 4300 ft. C. L. Hitchcock 4764 18 Jun 1939 42.787514°, -122.796809°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer WTU-20151JWT Open meadowland. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. Leo Hitchcock 5039 29 Jun 1939 Rubiaceae with J. S. Martin Galium oreganum Britton WTU-21136JWT U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Above Warrendale in the Columbia River Gorge. Rubiaceae Elev. 2000 ft. 45.605412°, -122.003623°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 m., Galium oreganum Britton Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Moist rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Above Warrendale in the Columbia River Gorge. J. William Thompson 11861 3 Jul 1935 Elev. 2000 ft. 45.605412°, -122.003623°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 m., WTU-34117 Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Moist rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae J. William Thompson 11861 3 Jul 1935 Galium trifidum L. WTU-15745JWT U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Longmire, Mount Rainier. Rubiaceae 46.75°, -121.81139°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Galium oreganum Britton WTU Staff Wet grassy meadow. Phenology: Flowers & U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Fruits. Origin: Native. Ragsdale Springs, 12 miles northwest of Trail. Elev. 4300 ft. F. A. Warren 1743 42.787514°, -122.796809°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 4 Aug 1932 Open meadowland. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-35970, WTU-V-029610 C. L. Hitchcock 5039 29 Jun 1939 with J. S. Martin Rubiaceae WTU-53041 Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., OREGON, CLATSOP COUNTY: Saddle Mountain. 45.968045°, -123.676311°; uncertainty: 3000 m. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. John Thomas Howell 28413 22 Jun 1952 WTU-148433 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, HOOD RIVER COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Cascade Mountains; about 2 miles on Elk Meadow trail along lower Longmire, Mount Rainier. switchbacks, about 32 miles south of Hood River (Interstate 80N) on 46.75°, -121.81139°; WGS 84, uncertainty: Highway 35. 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Elev. 4700 ft. WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Wet grassy, meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Patrick Elvander 540 12 Jul 1975 F. A. Warren 1743 WTU-263269 4 Aug 1932 Rubiaceae WTU-26158, WTU-V-029606 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Langley. Galium oreganum Britton 48.04028°, -122.405°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: WTU Staff 8 miles west of Cherryville. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. In roadside woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. M. Grant s.n. C. L. Hitchcock 4764 18 Jun 1939 with J. S. Martin Jul 1924 WTU-54337 WTU-44443, WTU-V-029612 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., OREGON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: Clatskanie. U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Damp ground in auto park. Phenology: Flowers Trask River. & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. J. William Thompson 1667 Thomas Howell s.n. Jul 1882 10 Sep 1926 WTU-22915JWT WTU-22753JWT, WTU-V-029603 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Rubiaceae Whidbey Island. Deception Pass Park. Cranberry Lake. Galium oreganum Britton 48.14389°, -122.49111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Georef'd by WTU Staff Siskiyou National Forest; on highway 3905, 14.8 miles south of Swamp. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. intersection of 3905 and 46 or 33 miles east and south of Cave Junction. Harold W. Smith 2087 Elev. 4080 ft. Woods of Pseudotsuga, Quercus, with Cornus in gulch. Common; 9 Jul 1937 petals light yellow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-221524, WTU-V-029605 Melinda F. Denton 2658 24 Jun 1973 WTU-259835 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: Georgia-Pacific Tree Farm, Wendling. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Elev. 600 ft. Along the No Name Trail. Douglas Fir forest; moist shady woods; with Trientalis, Vancouveria, 42.094043°, -123.407877°; uncertainty: 2000 m., Georef'd by Rosas, cornus, Corylus and Acer. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Joseph Stormer Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Georgia Mason 8588 29 May 1971 William H. Baker 572 16 Aug 1949 WTU-262785 WTU-298142 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., OREGON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Along the No Name Trail. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Chumstick Mountain, Entiat Ridge. Elev. 5000 ft. William H. Baker 812 2 Jul 1950 47.65006°, -120.44995°; WGS84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: with George C. Ruhle Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky summit. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-298196 J. William Thompson 8472 23 Jun 1932 Rubiaceae WTU-22871JWT Galium oreganum Britton Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, MARION COUNTY: At Big Spring, 1 mile north of Olallie Lake. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Meadowland; in drier regions in rich deep loam. Plants widespread Dempster & Ehrend. from slender rhizomes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: C. L. Hitchcock 20058 23 Jul 1953 Lower end of Navarre Coulee, southwest of Chelan. T26N R21E S3; WGS84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-152660 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae George H. Ward 392 14 May 1946 Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. WTU-134689 U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Siskiyou National Forest. Vulcan Peak, 11 miles south of Quail Rubiaceae Prairie Lookout or 39 miles northeast of Brookings. Elev. 3630 ft. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense 42.180764°, -123.985294°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 m., Dempster & Ehrend. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Ridge with Pinus monticola, Quercus vaccinifolia, Arctostaphylos; U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: serpentine slopes with loose rocks. Occasional rhizomatous Columbia River. perennial on loose rocks; flowers light yellow. Phenology: Flowers & 47.6766°, -120.20994°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Fruits. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Edge of the desert; growing in sand and gravel. Phenology: Flowers. Melinda F. Denton 3007 3 Jul 1973 Lyman Benson 1303 5 May 1929 WTU-259555 WTU-43568 Rubiaceae Galium bolanderi A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Canyon of Carberry Creek 3 miles from mouth (Middle Fork of Dempster & Ehrend. Applegate River). Dry bank. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: West face of Burch Mountain, 2/3 of the way to top from Nahahum Morton E. Peck 16395 25 Jun 1931 Canyon Road, 5 miles from main highway near Cashmere. 47.569793°, -120.420064°; WGS84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: WTU-8921JWT GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky clay talus below outcropping metamorphic rocks; taluss moderately to well covered with grass, herbs and scattered shrubs. Rubiaceae Growing in grass and under shrubs, and at base of rocks. Phenology: Flowers. Galium humifusum M. Bieb. L. T. Dempster 1216 11 Jul 1960 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: At Bingen. WTU-243619 45.714842°, -121.464517°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2400 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Border of a cultivated field on the river bank. Phenology: Flowers & Rubiaceae Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Galium humifusum Bieb. × Galium verum L. Wilhelm Suksdorf 11876 26 Jun 1926 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: WTU-263377 Bingen. 45.71495°, -121.46462°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 9109 8 Oct 1916 WTU-228000 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. warnerense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Southeast; Chicagof Island; Mud Bay Area. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Elev. 300 ft. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Oregon: S2 (Imperiled; T43S R58E S29 SE OBIC)] In frequently inundated alder thicket adjacent to creek; slope 0 - 5%; North-facing slope above dry creek; black dirt between lava rocks; growing with Ribes bracteosum, Polystrichum braunii, Anthyrium scattered Juniper. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. filix-femina, Oplopanax horridum. Ca. [circa] 20 plants seen. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Lauramay T. Dempster 1758 27 Jun 1961 with Clare Hardham Kitty LaBounty 210 27 Aug 1981 WTU-243117 WTU-282162 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. dayense Dempster & Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Ehrend. Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Between Sutton mountain and Bridge Creek, 10 miles northwest of Nahahum Canyon, 2 miles north of Cashmere; Wenatchee Mitchell. Mountains. Elev. 2200 ft. Elev. 1500 ft. T10S R21E S32; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, 47.531614°, -120.453871°; WGS84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Georef'd by Ben Legler GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open rocky loose slopes. Corolla dirty light yellowish. Phenology: Along creek bottom. Phenology: Flowers. Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 17319 15 Jun 1948 Arthur Cronquist 7237 21 Jun 1953 WTU-125489 WTU-154395

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. warnerense Dempster Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. & Ehrend. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Southeast; Chichagof Island; Icy Strait; Gallagher Creek Drainage. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Oregon: S2 (Imperiled; Elev. 1300 ft. OBIC)] In a Ribes thicket on an old rock slide; aspect south-southeast; slope Dry slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 60%; growing with Oplopanax horridum, Rubus spectabilis, Polystichum braunii. Growing in pockets between rocks; only 8 Morton E. Peck 15269 27 Jun 1927 plants seen. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-19014JWT Kitty LaBounty 192 17 Aug 1981 WTU-282101 Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Rubiaceae U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. dayense Dempster & Southeast; Chichagof Island; Icy Strait; Point Adolphus area. Ehrend. Elev. 840 ft. T42S R59E S7 U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: West open alder meadow with many interlacing streamlets; growing Side canyon opposite entrance to Painted Hills State Park, Bridge with Circaea alpina, Viola sp., Thelypteris phegopteris, Lysichitum Creek, 10 miles northwest of Mitchell. americanum; aspect east; slope 5%. Uncommon. Phenology: Fruits. North-facing slope; lava clay and rocks. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Origin: Native. Native. Kitty LaBounty 176 14 Aug 1981 Lauramay T. Dempster 1213 10 Jul 1960 WTU-282100 WTU-243113 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Tongass National Forest. Chichagof Island, eastern part, south of U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Freshwater Bay. Pavlof River drainage. South side of Summer Lake. Growing in a clearcut. Four petal, small white flower. Phenology: Moist bank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Morton E. Peck 15694 16 Jul 1927 Walt Reid 62 21 Jun 1980 with Sue Warner WTU-22877JWT WTU-282564 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. dayense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: Trinity. U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: Elev. 4500 ft. Along John Day Valley near Kimberly. 43.599342°, -115.427819°; uncertainty: 10000 m. Sagebrush slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Amongst brush near water. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. J. William Thompson 11956 7 Jul 1935 J. Francis Macbride 577 10 Aug 1910 WTU-15722JWT WTU-243562

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. dayense Dempster & Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Ehrend. Dempster U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LEMHI COUNTY: Along John Day River, near Kimberly. Porphyry Creek at junction with Panther Creek. Sagebrush slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 44.847421°, -114.28276°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff J. William Thompson 11956 7 Jul 1935 On shady bank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. WTU-33427 C. L. Hitchcock 14179 30 Jun 1946 WTU-105613 Rubiaceae Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Rubiaceae Dempster comb. nov. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Dempster 25 miles north of Burns. Yellow pine slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: Eight miles west of Clayton. J. William Thompson 13295 16 Jul 1936 44.25944°, -114.40083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-15744JWT Fairly moist roadbank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. C. L. Hitchcock 10790 5 Aug 1944 Rubiaceae WTU-93637 Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Dempster comb. nov. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: Boise. Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Elev. 2880 ft. Dempster comb. nov. Thickets. Phenology: Fruits. U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: June A. Clark 146 21 Jul 1911 Along Keeler Creek, 6 miles southwest of Clarkia. Elev. 3000 ft. WTU-28533 T42N R1E S27; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In moist, meadowy area. Perennial with slender, creeping rhizomes; flowers whitish. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Arthur Cronquist 6034 6 Aug 1949 with Quentin Jones WTU-169117 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Galium mollugo L. Dempster comb. nov. U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: Portland. Pullman. 45.52361°, -122.675°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 12756 m., Source: 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Lawns, vacant lots, waste places. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Origin: Introduced. C. V. Piper s.n. 26 Jun 1895 M. W. Gorman s.n. 30 Jul 1917 WTU-20673 WTU-18867JWT

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Galium multiflorum Kellogg s.l. Dempster comb. nov. U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: Along Van Horn Creek, not far above the mouth Along the Deschutes River, 4 miles west of Redmond. of the canyon; in the Pueblo Mountains; 4 miles Elev. 2900 ft. north of Denio. T15S R12E S13; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Elev. 4500 ft. Georef'd by Ben Legler T41S R35E S4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Moist places along river. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Serpentine slopes; sagebrush country. Flowers Arthur Cronquist 7532 19 Jul 1953 pale dirty yellow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. WTU-154393 Arthur Cronquist 8433 13 Jun 1959 Rubiaceae WTU-209135, WTU-V-029468 Galium mollugo L. U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: Oregon State College Campus, 100 yards from Coliseum. Rubiaceae In old garden. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Willetta M. Smith s.n. 30 Jul 1952 with Q. D. Clarkson U.S.A., IDAHO, CAMAS COUNTY: Along Forest Service road 094; along Little WTU-158489 Smoky Creek. Elev. 7000 ft. 44° 33' N, 114° 48.5' W; WGS 84, Rubiaceae uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Galium mollugo L. Talus slope above road, on slope. Corolla yellow-green. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Richland. J. F. Smith 4249 Irrigated meadow. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 22 Jun 2002 Jay Carr s.n. 31 Jul 1995 WTU-352720, WTU-V-029570 WTU-334159 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium mollugo L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Off of Wenatchee National Forest. Swakane On University of Washington Campus, Seattle. Canyon near forest boundary. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 1500 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47.545859°, -120.284934°; WGS84, Weed. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff G. N. Jones 6117 10 Oct 1934 Gravelly and sandy soil; north slope 40%; open grassland; associated plants: wheat grass, WTU-25858 sage. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. C. Douglas Hole H-186 11 Jun 1937 WTU-321937, WTU-V-029581 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: West of Nile in the drainage area of Rattlesnake Along State Highway 75 at Galena Summit, Creek. about 20 mile south of Obsidian. Sawtooth Elev. 3837 ft. National Recreation Area. T15N R14E S2; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 Elev. 2654 ft. m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU 43.87139°, -114.65639°; WGS 84, Staff uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, On the north side of creek growing in crevices Georef'd by WTU Staff on a rocky outcrop; associated genera: On talus; associated genera: Eriogonum, Heuchera, Purshia, Antennaria dimorpha, Agropyron, Artemisia, Ligusticum, Penstemon, Bromus tectorum, Phacelia, Lomatium, Crepis. Potentilla. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Richard R. Halse 5889 Richard R. Halse 3409 23 Jul 2000 19 May 1987 WTU-348212, WTU-V-029569 WTU-318240, WTU-V-029584

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, BUTTE COUNTY: West of Nile in the drainage area of Rattlesnake Creek. South side of Sunset Cone; Craters of the Moon Elev. 3837 ft. National Monument. T15N R14E S2; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 43.41667°, -113.51667°; WGS 84, GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, On the north side of creek growing in crevices on a rocky outcrop; Georef'd by WTU Staff associated genera: Heuchera, Purshia, Antennaria dimorpha, Grassy slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Bromus tectorum, Phacelia, Lomatium, Crepis. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. William H. Baker 13191 Richard R. Halse 3409 19 May 1987 30 Jun 1955 WTU-323109 WTU-297053, WTU-V-029554 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Along trail to Koppen Park via Johnson Creek; slope extends to ridge overlooking north Fork of U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: Teanaway River. Along James Creek, 3 miles southwest of Elev. 5000 ft. Atlanta. T22N R15E S14 SW corner; NAD 27, 43.784211°, -115.189906°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Ben Legler Georef'd by WTU Staff Steep south-facing slope along trail. Sandstone Rocky banks. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. parent material supporting open herb and shrub cover, especially Arctostaphylos nevadensis William H. Baker 10443 and Pachystima. On open talus. Phenology: Flowers. 13 Jul 1953 A. R. Kruckeberg 5003 WTU-297949, WTU-V-029567 23 Jun 1960 Rubiaceae WTU-218976, WTU-V-029585 Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: Warm Spring Creek, 16 miles west of Ketchum. 43.579899°, -114.65528°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 16000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff, Invalid coordinates (located outside county bounds). Rocky bank. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. William H. Baker 11096 20 Aug 1953 WTU-296990, WTU-V-029568 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Galium multiflorum Kellogg U.S.A., IDAHO, WASHINGTON COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Mann Creek Reservoir Road. Snake River Canyon, Spring Recreation Site. Elev. 5706 ft. Elev. 2000 ft. 43° 19.365' N, 116° 6.896' W; WGS 84, Dry east-facing slopes, associated with uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Nat. Geog. Artemesia tridentata, Lomatium triternatum, TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Bromus tectorum, Penstemon deustus. Roadside and stream, disturbed. Growing Phenology: Flowers. between rocks. BA# 2005-16. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Brenda Bafus 78 J. F. Smith 5025 24 May 1979 30 May 2004 WTU-279000, WTU-V-029462 WTU-359169, WTU-V-029565 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium multiflorum Kellogg Galium multiflorum Kellogg U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Just north of Picture Gorge, 8 miles northwest of U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Dayville. Above Fields Creek, 5 miles south of Highway Elev. 2300 ft. 2, and 19 miles southeast of Dayville. T12S R26E S7; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., On serpentine talus. Common. Phenology: Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Fruits. Sagebrush slopes, and in the less extreme habitats associated with the volcanic tuff. Plants A. R. Kruckeberg 5434 spreading freely from creeping, eventually lignescent rhizomes, dioecious. Corolla pale 19 Jul 1962 greenish-yellow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. WTU-219002, WTU-V-029459 Arthur Cronquist 7027 27 May 1953 WTU-297946, WTU-V-029463 Rubiaceae Galium multiflorum Kellogg Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Wallowa Mountains: Hurricane Creek Canyon, Galium multiflorum Kellogg about 7 miles south of Enterprise. Elev. 5250 ft. U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: 45.267989°, -117.316321°; WGS 84, Trout Creek Formation. uncertainty: 8000 m., Source: Digital Map, T39S R37E S20; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 Georef'd by Joseph Stormer m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler In rocky bed and on the banks of a dry creek, Exposure of the diatomaceous formation. with Lesquerella, Campanula and Monardella. Phenology: Flowers. Phenology: Flowers. R. C. Bunn 1546 Georgia Mason 8977 27 May 1946 1 Aug 1971 WTU-202214, WTU-V-029467 WTU-257876, WTU-V-029460

Rubiaceae Galium multiflorum Kellogg U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: East bank of North Pine Creek, across from Lake Fork Campground. Elev. 3000 ft. In moist understory of Pinus ponderosa, Rubus parviflorus, Galium spp. Occasional. Phenology: Flowers. Brenda Bafus 167 14 Jun 1979 WTU-278816, WTU-V-029461 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium multiflorum Kellogg Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: On a road up Cottonwood Creek in the Pueblo Umatilla National Forest, road 46, ca. [circa] 4 Mountains, about 1.5 miles south of the miles north of Godman Guard Station. intersection of the Trout Creek/Fields-Denio Elev. 5199 ft. Road. T8N R40E S23; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 Elev. 6500 ft. m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU T40S R34E S41527 Center; WGS 84, Staff uncertainty: 399 m., Source: GeoLocate, Growing in fissures in rock outcrops. South- and Georef'd by Isaac Afolayan east-facing slopes. Male plants; flowers yellow; On ridge tops, talus and scree on a road. Yellow plants rhizomatous. Phenology: Flowers. flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Randall Hitchin 97-30 James Grimes 2083 29 Jun 1997 10 Jun 1981 WTU-339025, WTU-V-029456 WTU-286659, WTU-V-029466 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium multiflorum Kellogg U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: Umatilla National Forest, Hixon Canyon Road, U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: near Tucannon Campground, ridge between Along Girds Creek Road, 4 miles south of Grub Canyon and Hixon Canyon. Twickenham. Elev. 3000-3200 ft. Elev. 2361 ft. T9N R41E S27; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 T10S R21E S13 or 24; NAD 27, uncertainty: m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Staff Legler On same ridge a little lower down; rocky habitat, Growing in rocky cliffs; associated species: with grasses. Plants ca. [circa] 15 centimeters; Woodsia, Heuchera, Clematis, Bromus, female flower of #19. Phenology: Flowers & Cryptantha, Artemisia. Flowers yellow, Fruits. staminate. Phenology: Flowers. Midori Murai 25 Richard R. Halse 1808 27 Jun 1997 25 May 1978 WTU-339081, WTU-V-029457 WTU-286759, WTU-V-029465 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium multiflorum Kellogg U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Umatilla National Forest, south facing slope Ca. [circa] 12 miles north on Big Lookout above Tucannon Campground. Mountain Road from Interstate 80 north. Elev. 2952-4100 ft. Elev. 5000 ft. T9N R41E S21 NW 1/4; T9N R41E S17 SE On steep, east-facing rocky slopes, associated 1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 601 m., Source: with Pinus ponderosa, Artemesia tridentata, GeoLocate, Georef'd by Richard Olmstead Juniperus occidentalis. Phenology: Flowers & Mostly open slopes with rock outcrops and Fruits. Ponderosa pine on easterly exposures. Pale yellow flowers; mostly past flowering. Restricted Brenda Bafus 198 to rock outcrops or coarse talus. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. 20 Jun 1979 Richard G. Olmstead 97-41 WTU-278958, WTU-V-029464 27 Jun 1997 WTU-339057, WTU-V-029455 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium nuttallii A. Gray U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Wenatchee National Forest. Beehive Mountain. East of Brownsboro. 47.333516°, -120.389225°; WGS 84, Rocky hillsides. Phenology: Flowers. uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post J. William Thompson 2132 8 Apr 1927 Dry, sandy loam soil; 20° east slope; associated plants: pinegrass, lupine, balsamroot. Common; WTU-22907 widespread; 8 inches high; flowers in June; seed production July. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae C. J. Conover 1003 Galium bolanderi A. Gray 22 Jun 1927 U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: WTU-323197, WTU-V-029453 Rogue River Valley. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Thomas Howell s.n. Rubiaceae 3 Jul 1887 Galium nuttallii A. Gray WTU-22756JWT, WTU-V-029555 U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Above Highway 66, 13 miles east of Ashland by road. Elev. 3400 ft. Rocky outcrops; oaks. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Lauramay T. Dempster 1769 29 Jun 1961 Rubiaceae WTU-318479 Galium nuttallii A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Siskiyou National Forest; on highway 3905, 8.2 miles south of Galium nuttallii A. Gray intersection of 3905 and 46 or [circa] 26 miles east and south of Cave Junction. U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Elev. 2700 ft. Table Rock near Medford. Dry rocky slopes with abundant Arbutus, Pseudotsuga, Quercus, Lower wooded slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Pinus, and some Ceanothus. Flowers dark red; plants branching at base; infrequent. Phenology: Flowers. J. William Thompson 10327 12 Apr 1934 Melinda F. Denton 2647 24 Jun 1973 WTU-15737JWT WTU-258814 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium nuttallii A. Gray Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Bank of Rogue River, 6 miles west of Merlin. Bank of river. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Above Tronson Creek. Wenatchee Mountains. Morton E. Peck 14777 24 Mar 1927 Elev. 3000 ft. 47.363563°, -120.576778°; WGS84, uncertainty: 7000 m., Source: WTU-22873JWT Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae J. William Thompson 8384 5 Jun 1932 Galium nuttallii A. Gray WTU-22740JWT U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Siskiyou Mountains. Northwest of Salem. Rubiaceae On serpentine ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum J. William Thompson 2273 13 Apr 1927 Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. WTU-22906JWT U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Divide between Johnson and Jungle Creeks, toward Malcolm Mountain, ca. 12 miles north of Cle Elum. 47.364444°, -120.915°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff On divide. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 19137 25 Jun 1949 WTU-138858 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Galium boreale L. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., MONTANA, GALLATIN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Bozeman; 5 miles northeast. Along Beverly Creek, Wenatchee Mountains. 45.7386°, -110.952498°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Elev. 4500 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 47.372454°, -120.877017°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Abundant in moist thickets and open woods north slope. Phenology: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers. Origin: Native. Serpentine slides. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. W. E. Booth 1572 16 Jul 1947 J. William Thompson 9585 25 Jul 1933 WTU-120885 WTU-22746JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Along Boulder Creek. Mount Lillian, Wenatchee Mountains. Elev. 3500 ft. Elev. 6500 ft. 47.198258°, -120.4389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 47.3175°, -120.525278°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Serpentine rock slides. Pistillate. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 10708 18 Jun 1934 J. William Thompson 14924 1 Jul 1940 WTU-15742JWT WTU-22485JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Germansen Landing, Omineca River. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 55.783333°, -124.7°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3036 m., Source: At mouth of Beverly Creek, Wenatchee Mountains. GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Elev. 4000 ft. Abundant everywhere between here and Fort St. James, usually 47.372454°, -120.877017°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., open woods, aspen, pine, spruce. Flowers white. Phenology: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers. Origin: Native. Open rocky crest of ridge. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. T. T. McCabe 7659 4 Jul 1940 J. William Thompson 8714 13 Jul 1932 WTU-74997 WTU-22743JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Dog Lake R. S. Fremont forest. Elev. 5400 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Sunny meadows. Abundance: thick. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: At head of Beverly Creek, Wenatchee Mountains. Native. Elev. 4000 ft. 47.372454°, -120.877017°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Forman F-136 3 Jul 1935 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Alpine talus slopes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-282317 J. William Thompson 5776 20 Aug 1930 Rubiaceae WTU-22905JWT Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Crest of Iron Mountain, Wenatchee Mountains. Elev. 7000 ft. 47.41222°, -120.71417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open crest of mountain. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 7652 27 Jul 1931 WTU-22896JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., OREGON, CROOK COUNTY: 0.5 mile north of Eagle Rock, 15 miles southeast of Prineville. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Elev. 3700 ft. Upper Etienne Creek Trail, between 5 and 6 mile markers, T16S R17E S2; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Wenatchee Mountains. Georef'd by Ben Legler 47.42997°, -120.71614°; WGS84, uncertainty: 6500 m., Source: Loose banks of draw above rivulet in sagebrush-juniper area. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. On open rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Arthur Cronquist 7520 17 Jul 1953 A. R. Kruckeberg 2756 14 Jul 1951 WTU-153510 WTU-154307

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Galium boreale L. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., MONTANA, FLATHEAD COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 5 miles north of Kalispell on U.S. highway 93. Serpentine knoll above Liberty. Elev. 2900 ft. 47.25389°, -120.66417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: T29N R21W GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dry humus soil. Corolla white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Dry, open, serpentine knoll. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Fred Zwickel 3 22 Jun 1949 C. L. Hitchcock 3581 12 Jun 1938 WTU-182185 with Roland V. Rethke, R. Van Raadshooven WTU-45708 Rubiaceae Galium tricornutum Dandy Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, YAMHILL COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Gaston. Grain field. Mounted duplicate from the Herbarium of the University U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: of California. The Ira W. Clokey Herbarium. Phenology: Fruits. Just northeast of Umiat, Colville River. Origin: Introduced. Elev. 1000 ft. 69° 24' N, 152° 23' W Morton E. Peck 16192 27 Jun 1930 South exposure. Sandstone bluff. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-104111 Henry J. Thompson 1239 26 Jul 1950 Rubiaceae WTU-178184 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Upper Arrow Lake; one mile south of Nakusp. Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Common in sand and gravel along upper part of beach. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Near Liberty. J. A. Calder 10037 3 Jul 1953 47.25389°, -120.66417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: with D. B. O. Savile GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky open ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-173123 J. William Thompson 11598 8 Jun 1935 Rubiaceae WTU-33796 Galium tricornutum Dandy Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Linnton near Portland. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum 45.598728°, -122.787044°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1800 m., Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Near Liberty. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2065 10 Jun 1916 47.25389°, -120.66417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-227998 Rocky open ridge. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 11598 8 Jun 1935 WTU-15743JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Near Service Creek, about 13 miles southeast of Fossil. Hat Creek Valley, Marble Mountains. Elev. 3000 ft. Elev. 3000 ft. T8S R22E S3; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, 50.889953°, -121.418146°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Georef'd by Ben Legler Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Open places in ponderosa pine area. Flowers white. Phenology: Arid slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 218 26 Jun 1938 Arthur Cronquist 6701 25 Jun 1950 with Emily M. Thompson WTU-144271 WTU-16993JWT

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., MONTANA, CARTER COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Ekalaka, 15 miles southeast. Port Orchard. Abundant under pines on moist north slope. Phenology: Flowers. 47.645917°, -122.609352°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In a salt marsh. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Cotner 5133 19 Jun 1951 with Booth W. J. Eyerdam s.n. Jul 1933 WTU-149413 WTU-291268

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Port Orchard. Near Sand Point 0.5 mile northeast of Seattle. 47.645917°, -122.609352°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 47.611507°, -122.32324°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In a salt marsh. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. In bushes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. J. Eyerdam s.n. Jul 1933 W. J. Eyerdam 6625 20 Jun 1949 WTU-291270 WTU-290940

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: 3 miles east of Joseph on the Joseph-Whitebird road. Seattle. T29N R1W S35; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Between rocks, in prairie vegetation. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. C. V. Piper 585 9 Jun 1889 Quentin Jones 168 3 Jul 1950 WTU-16430 WTU-142816 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHITMAN COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Pullman. Quesnel, 1 mile north. 46.73139°, -117.17861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Spruce forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Edges of ponds. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. Hatter 133 2 Jul 1948 Emma J. Hardwick s.n. 25 Jul 1895 WTU-143116 WTU-35447 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Olympic Mountains. [no locality given on label]. 47.80682°, -123.61225°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 40000 m., Source: 46.94841°, -122.84591°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 45000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. In dried pond. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. A. D. E. Elmer 2457 Jul 1900 I. C. Otis 2142 21 Aug 1936 WTU-22882 WTU-82068

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, CARIBOU COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Forest Service Campground, Gravel Creek. Cooke Guard Station; about 2 miles east of Cooke City. Elev. 6700 ft. Elev. 8000 ft. 43° 55' N, 111° 20' W; T5S R43E S35 SW; WGS 84, uncertainty: 45.023638°, -109.879367°; uncertainty: 2000 m. 500 m., Source: Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Meadows. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Upright stems, in clumps, corolla white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Jean G. Witt 1877 11 Aug 1949 James F. Smith 2633 24 Jul 1993 WTU-178878 WTU-329741 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Island; Sportsman's Lake, 3.5 miles northwest of Friday U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Harbor on Roche Harbor Road. Northeast side of lake. Quinault. 48.569722°, -123.067778°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: 47.46625°, -123.84875°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Frequent; flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Back of house. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Melinda F. Denton 3510 2 Aug 1974 Henry S. Conrad 120 21 Jun 1902 WTU-259549 WTU-254029 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: CANADA, YUKON TERRITORY: Lake Ozette. Ogilvie Mountains, river flats along Dempster Road, mile 55-56. 48.155°, -124.66583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 2500-4200 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 64.618612°, -138.364172°; uncertainty: 3000 m., Georef'd by Shore. Thicket. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Joseph Stormer Old river ridges. Phenology: Flowers. G. N. Jones 5958 12 Aug 1934 R. T. Porsild 284 22 Jul 1966 WTU-37867 with A. E. Porsild WTU-229110 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Galium boreale L. San Juan Island, Mill Pond, ca. [circa] 4.5 miles directly west of Friday Harbor. U.S.A., OREGON, CROOK COUNTY: 48.53528°, -123.00528°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Along Ochoco Creek, about 3 miles west of Ochoco Highway GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Summit, Ochoco National Forest. In wet area about 15 feet north of pond. Infrequent; fruiting. In open pinus ponderosa & pseudotsuga - larix forest. Phenology: Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Flowers. Origin: Native. Melinda F. Denton 3530 2 Aug 1974 A. R. Kruckeberg 2142 6 Jul 1950 WTU-259560 WTU-183628 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Green Tables Forest Camp, Payette National Forest. Camp Denali. Elev. 6000 ft. Elev. 3500 ft. 44.583659°, -115.881559°; uncertainty: 4800 m. 63° 31' 6.6" N, 150° 53' 36.6" W Boggy ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rock ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 13843 13 Jul 1937 Sally Dickman s.n. 25 Jul 1967 WTU-10610JWT WTU-287222

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium sp. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, MEAGHER COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Monument Peak, Little Belt Mountains, Lewis and Clark National Haines Road (kilometer 147). Forest. Elev. 2984 ft. Elev. 6000-7000 ft. 59° 59' N, 136° 50' W 46.997456°, -111.09745°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1807 m., Source: In moist meadow dominated by Carex membranacea. Phenology: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Flowers. Origin: Native. Granite slopes. Phenology: Flowers. G. W. Douglas 11367 19 Jul 1979 Roy Bradley s.n. 17 Jul 1937 with M. J. Ratcliffs WTU-11576JWT WTU-281886

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Stuart Island. Summit Lake, Orcas Island, Moran State Park, on Mount 48.674722°, -123.210556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3700 m., Constitution. Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 2000-2160 ft. Moist shady places. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 48° 40' 15" N, 122° 50' W; T37N R1W S21/28/29; Source: Specimen label W. H. Lawrence 47 18 Jun 1904 Growing on bank opposite islet in Summit Lake. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-96281 Sarah Gage G&R 449 4 Jul 1992 with Sharon Rodman Rubiaceae WTU-345426 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Carson Mountain, Marble Mountains. Galium boreale L. Elev. 7000 ft. 50.964012°, -121.72395°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: U.S.A., MONTANA, MEAGHER COUNTY: Digital map, Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian 15 miles northwest of White Sulphur Springs. Alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46.701614°, -111.12543°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer J. William Thompson 302 30 Jun 1938 Along stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. with Emily M. Thompson C. L. Hitchcock 16221 8 Jul 1947 WTU-17218JWT WTU-114371 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Rock Lake, west of Omak. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: 48.41111°, -119.52639°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: On mile 324.5 on Nenana highway from Fairbanks to Anchorage. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Spruce-birch forest to disturbed areas. Flowers white, fragrant. At edge of lake. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Infrequent. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Chas. B. Fiker 1312 10 Jul 1933 Nora Nicely 88 5 Jul 1970 WTU-22748JWT WTU-266080 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, MINERAL COUNTY: Mount Olympus. Lee Creek Camp; Lolo Hot Springs. Elev. 3700 ft. 46.705396°, -114.536066°; uncertainty: 400 m., Invalid Moist, grassy, mossy places. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: coordinates (located outside county bounds). Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. B. Flett 3041 Aug 1903 C. L. Hitchcock 14635 12 Jul 1946 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-36877 WTU-105464 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. CANADA, YUKON TERRITORY: Watson Lake. U.S.A., OREGON, UMATILLA COUNTY: Gravel areas. Erect in dense clumps. Flowers white. Abundant. 10 miles northwest of Meacham, Blue Mountains. Scented. Phenology: Flowers. 45.608814°, -118.567446°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer J. M. Gillett 3615 7 Jul 1949 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-176234 C. L. Hitchcock 13829 23 Jun 1946 with C. V. Muhlick Rubiaceae WTU-105441 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Crescent Lake, southwest end. Galium boreale L. Elev. 1640 ft. 48.09472°, -123.80583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 10 miles north of Bonner in Blackfoot Valley. Amongst grass under bushes; Transition Zone. Phenology: Fruits. In yellow pine forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 11454 25 Jun 1945 Walter J. Eyerdam 6124 15 Aug 1944 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-291367 WTU-98224

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Above Missoula River ca. [circa] 20 miles east of Missoula. Panther Lake, 2.5 miles west of Lake Youngs, 4 Elev. 3500 ft. miles south of Renton. Cliffs. Flowers white, perfect. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 443 ft. T22N R5E S5 SE 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: C. L. Hitchcock 9102 20 Jun 1944 200 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by with C. V. Muhlick WTU Staff With Carex arcta, Sphagnum. White flowers, WTU-93846 bog mat. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. P. F. Zika 14614 Rubiaceae with F. Weinmann Galium boreale L. 15 Oct 1999 U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: WTU-340018, WTU-V-50699 Harrys Flat Camp, Rock Creek Canyon. 46.538121°, -113.748984°; uncertainty: 1600 m. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 14397 6 Jul 1946 with C. V. Muhlick Galium boreale L. WTU-105465 U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: Glacier National Park, on Apgar-Polebridge road near the old Logging Creek Trail. Elev. 3450 ft. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. R. Habeck s.n. 18 Jul 1962 WTU-213153 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: 13 miles from mouth of Wise River, Pioneer Range. Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. 45.798814°, -112.946426°; uncertainty: 24000 m. 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: Sagebrush flat. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 14958 25 Jul 1946 with C. V. Muhlick Geo. N. Jones 3594 Aug 1931 WTU-105466 WTU-21740

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, UMATILLA COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: 1 mile southeast of Meacham. King Mountain. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 3000 ft. By mountain stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 13842 23 Jun 1946 with C. V. Muhlick J. William Thompson 12015 12 Jul 1935 WTU-105467 WTU-33408

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. Mud Lake, Seattle. 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: 47.27361°, -122.30944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Geo. N. Jones 3757 Aug 1931 H. C. Stevens s.n. 20 Nov 1907 WTU-21737 WTU-280961

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, TILLAMOOK COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Near Tillamook. Chesaw. Dry ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 4000 ft. 48.94611°, -119.05028°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: G. E. Morrill 207 19 Jul 1933 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open gravelly hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-27842 Harold St. John 5053 1 Jul 1921 with W. D. Courtney, Charles S. Parker Rubiaceae WTU-112800 Galium boreale L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Rubiaceae Upper Hat Creek, Marble Mountains. Elev. 3000 ft. Galium trifidum L. 50.817329°, -121.577703°; uncertainty: 16000 m. Arid slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. J. William Thompson 504 18 Jul 1938 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: with Emily M. Thompson GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-47801 Geo. N. Jones 3465 Aug 1931 WTU-101618 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: At Green Tables Forest Camp, Payette National Forest. First pond east of Summit of Nespelem Road. Elev. 6000 ft. 48.235556°, -119.084722°; NAD 27, uncertainty: 10000 m., 44.583659°, -115.881559°; uncertainty: 4800 m. Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Boggy ground. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. On bank of pond. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 13843 13 Jul 1937 Chas. B. Fiker 1452 20 Jun 1934 WTU-38354 WTU-15747JWT

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. Crow Creek. 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: Elev. 4300 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Smithsonian Institutions From the United States National Herbarium. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Geo. N. Jones 3594 Aug 1931 E. P. Sheldon 8407 29 Jun 1897 WTU-101665 WTU-251896

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., MONTANA, TETON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: Near Bynum; about 1 mile north. Whidbey Island. Deception Pass State Park. Cranberry Lake. Moist area in grassy area. Few. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 48.14389°, -122.49111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff W. E. Booth 63197 23 Jun 1963 Swamp adjacent to bog. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-233662 Harold W. Smith 1411 28 Jul 1936 WTU-35756 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Irely Lake, North Fork Quinault River, Olympic National Forest. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 600 ft. 47.554623°, -123.669039°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Geo. N. Jones 3465 Aug 1931 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Marshy lakeshore; level slope; deep clay loam soil; timber; WTU-21742 associated plants: mimulus, mint. Not common; July flowering period. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae R. L. Bradley 252 13 Aug 1936 Galium boreale L. WTU-91475 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: On way to Pine Creek, Atlin. Rubiaceae 59.563743°, -133.677503°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1511 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Galium trifidum L. Dry, sandy slope. Distributed by the Herbarium, B.C. Provincial Museum, Victoria. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Panther Lake, 2.5 miles west of Lake Youngs, 4 miles south of A. F. Szczawinski s.n. 2 Aug 1961 Renton. Elev. 443 ft. WTU-226832 T22N R5E S5 SE 1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff With Carex arcta, Sphagnum. White flowers; bog mat. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. P. F. Zika 14613 15 Oct 1999 with F. Weinmann WTU-340072 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, LEWIS AND CLARK COUNTY: Orcas Island. Moran State Park, on Mount Constitution about 0.5 East base of McDonald Pass, .5 miles south of main highway, on mile north of Little Summit, east side of road. road to Nelson. Elev. 2000 ft. In sagebrush, grassland area. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. T37N R1W S29; NAD 27, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff C. L. Hitchcock 11755 30 Jun 1945 Wet sedge fen surrounded by Pinus contorta - Pseudotsuga with C. V. Muhlick menziesii woods, upland margins, with Veronica scutellata, Carex rostrata, C. cusickii. Common perennial, weak-stemmed scrambler WTU-98226 in taller vegetation. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Peter E. Rapp 134 28 Jul 1981 Rubiaceae WTU-293351 Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Rubiaceae Near Cooke City. Sandy bank. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. C. L. Hitchcock 13588 13 Aug 1945 U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: with C. V. Muhlick Genesee. 46.55083°, -116.92444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-98229 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Fescue-wheatgrass zone. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae R. F. Daubenmire 37304 4 Jun 1937 Galium boreale L. WTU-239062 U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Mountain, Fox Bay. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. D. Martel 228 6 Aug 1935 U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: WTU-101693 Bear Creek. 48.281391°, -116.294478°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Vegetation zone: arborvitae-hemlock. Open forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. R. F. Daubenmire 44350 15 Jul 1944 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Near Guichon Creek, 13 miles south of Savona. WTU-239050 Elev. 3500 ft. 50° 32' N, 120° 52' W Dry hillside in lodgepole forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 7423 23 Jun 1941 Galium boreale L. with J. S. Martin U.S.A., MONTANA, FLATHEAD COUNTY: WTU-68266 Columbia Falls. 48.372464°, -114.181515°; uncertainty: 2800 m. Gravelly soil along railroad track. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae H. T. Rogers 982 23 Jun 1942 Galium boreale L. with J. M. Rogers CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: WTU-241370 Mountains 15 miles southwest of Telegraph Creek. 57.746414°, -131.455077°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Rubiaceae In lush herbage in opening Abies woods near timberline. Flowers sordid-whitish. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. T. T. McCabe 8850 15 Aug 1941 U.S.A., MONTANA, SWEET GRASS COUNTY: By spring Half Moon Camp, Big Timber Creek, Crazy Mountains. WTU-73593 Moist soil under spruce trees. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 13207 4 Aug 1945 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-98198 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., MONTANA, POWELL COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: South of Helmville on divide of road of Avon. Tyee Mountain. Roseburg Quadrangle. Open grassy hill. Soil very heavy adobe with some seepage. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. W. C. Cusick 4430 31 Jul 1914 C. L. Hitchcock 11728 29 Jun 1945 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-149311 WTU-98193 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Mount Hood. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: 45.37361°, -121.69444°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4222 m., Source: Near junction of Colville River and Columbia River. GeoLocate, Georef'd by Sara Legler T36N R37E; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Digital Map, Summit meadows. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Crystal Shin Slough. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Lilla Leach s.n. 23 Jul 1927 L. Boner 175 23 Jun 1939 WTU-22878JWT with V. Weldert WTU-85814 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Margin of Suttle Lake, southwest corner of county. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Puget Sound. Orcas Island. Mount Consitution, northwest shore of Morton E. Peck 14453 19 Jul 1925 Summit Lake. Elev. 2130 ft. WTU-22889JWT T37N R1W S21 SW 1/4 of SW 1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Sphagnum mat, with Carex cusickii, C. viridiula, Juncus balticus. Rubiaceae Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. P. F. Zika 14126 21 Aug 1999 U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: WTU-340118 10 miles north of Seneca. Mountain meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae J. William Thompson 11948 7 Jul 1935 Galium trifidum L. WTU-15723JWT U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Lopez Island, BLM land, inland from Point Colville. Rubiaceae T34N R1W S21; NAD 27, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium trifidum L. var. cuspidulatum Gray. Sedge swamp with Potentilla pacifica, Carex obnupta. Common perennial, weak-stemmed scrambler in taller vegetation. Phenology: U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Grave Creek. Phenology: Flowers. Peter E. Rapp 239 1 Aug 1981 Thomas Howell s.n. 21 May 1884 WTU-287513 WTU-22876JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Four miles west of Fort Klamath, along the Crater Lake Highway. U.S.A., OREGON, LINN COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Fish Lake. About 2 miles north of Clear Lake. 44.401613°, -122.024929°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: William H. Baker 6415 25 Aug 1949 Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Along waters edge. Plants widely rhizomatous. Phenology: Flowers WTU-131112 & Fruits. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 20073 24 Jul 1953 WTU-156516 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Between Baker and Haines. Port Vita, Raspberry Strait, Raspberry Island, Kodiak group. Wet roadside ditch. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. 58.073032°, -153.102293°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer C. L. Hitchcock 19678 15 Jul 1952 Amongst seashore grape. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-156600 W. J. Eyerdam 5730 1 Aug 1945 Rubiaceae WTU-122904 Galium palustre L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: Near Fort Missoula. Galium trifidum L. Slough. Growing in mud at edge of water. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., ALASKA, WRANGELL PETERSBURG COUNTY: Washington Bay, Kuiu Island. C. L. Hitchcock 23971 56.71885°, -134.364815°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 11 Jul 1965 In salt marsh. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-224123, WTU-V-50700 W. J. Eyerdam 5435 15 Aug 1947 WTU-118042

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Crater Lake National Park. Southwest corner of the park in Fort Wainwright about one mile from Fairbanks. Redblanket Canyon along the creek. On post. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Along the creek. Phenology: Fruits. R. John Taylor 3317 8 Aug 1965 William H. Baker 6432 28 Aug 1949 WTU-226432 WTU-131113

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, MEAGHER COUNTY: Near the highway bridge across the Bitterroot River, four miles Along Checkerboard Creek, northeast base of Castle Mountains. southwest of Missoula. 46.533425°, -110.651042°; uncertainty: 9000 m. Wet shady meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. On red shale outcrop. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Fred A. Barkley 1924 7 Sep 1937 C. L. Hitchcock 12149 8 Jul 1945 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-41626 WTU-98197 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: About eight miles west of Pine on road to Prairie Post Office. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: 43.48417°, -115.31111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Aleutian Islands. Attu Island. Sarana Valley. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Elev. 35 ft. Sandy flood plain of small stream. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. 52.881569°, 173.239773°; uncertainty: 1750 m., Georef'd by Origin: Native. Joseph Stormer On wet mossy bank of small brook. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. C. L. Hitchcock 15514 18 Jul 1947 Origin: Native. WTU-115372 Gilmore W. Soule M.D. 523 2 Sep 1945 WTU-154599 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: Aleutian Islands. Attu Island. Sarana Bay. Glacier National Park. John's Lake. Lake McDonald. 52.873536°, 173.259263°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Sphagnum margin of lake. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer On edge of pool in meadow. Phenology: Fertile. W. T. McLaughlin 2208 27 Aug 1931 Lt. G. B. Schaack 1007 2 Sep 1945 WTU-22580 WTU-154588 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Campbell Island. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Above beach, open, wet. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Mainland, Glacier Bay. Fruits. Origin: Native. Grassy beach. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. T. T. McCabe 7163 23 Jul 1939 Mr. Ernest P. Walker s.n. 14 Jul 1915 with Mrs. Ernest P. Walker WTU-72789 WTU-35968 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Kodiak. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: 57.79°, -152.407222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Blackwater Lake, ca. [circa] 32 miles north of Golden. GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Elev. 2150 ft. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 51.623619°, -117.406157°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 854 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Ruth Mylroie 118 1911 In moss of floating logs. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-16257 C. L. Hitchcock 7633 11 Jul 1941 with J. S. Martin Rubiaceae WTU-67615 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: Ca. [circa] 2 miles from Boise-Lowman Highway on Atlanta Road. Galium trifidum L. 44.08361°, -115.61972°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff U.S.A., IDAHO, BOISE COUNTY: Sandy soil. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 1.5 miles west of Deer Park Range Station, along North Fork Boise River. C. L. Hitchcock 10012 16 Jul 1944 43.7014°, -115.654456°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: with C. V. Muhlick GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff On cobblestone bar. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-93632 J. H. Christ 19422 26 Jun 1950 with C. B. Christ Rubiaceae WTU-261181 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Rubiaceae Port Vita, Raspberry Strait, Raspberry Island, Kodiak group. 58.073032°, -153.102293°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Galium trifidum L. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Amongst seashore grass. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Native. Circa 1 mile west of Montana Border, west of Troy; near highway #2. Small pond. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. W. J. Eyerdam 5130 1 Aug 1945 C. L. Hitchcock 17709 25 Jun 1948 WTU-120895 WTU-125819 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Aleutian Islands. Akutan. Wenatchee Forest. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Gravelly loam; bunch grass, Heather. 80% known. Phenology: Flowers. John Rudd s.n. Aug 1935 Frank B. Lenzie 593 29 Jul 1919 WTU-101691 WTU-322052 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Springs area at Circle Hot Springs. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: 65.48896°, -144.623867°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 499 m., Source: Wenatchee Forest; West Fork Teanaway ridges. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Elev. 6000 ft. Springs area. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Gravelly loam; semi-barren; heather mountain, bunch grass. Not known distribution. Phenology: Flowers. R. John Taylor 3280 3 Aug 1965 Frank B. Lenzie 593 29 Jul 1919 WTU-226518 WTU-323198 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Lolo Trail between Mud Creek and Rocky Ridge. U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Elev. 5000 ft. About the head of Willow Creek, Steen's Peak. 46.272927°, -115.77188°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., High dry slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Morton E. Peck 19057 26 Jun 1936 G. B. Rossbach 119 27 Jul 1936 WTU-8577JWT with R. P. Rossbach WTU-160227 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Near Stanley Lake, Challis National Forest, Sawtooth Mountains. Elev. 8000 ft. U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: 44.21139°, -114.945°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Rock Island Lake, about 7 miles east of Cooke City. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 45.015472°, -109.809738°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1228 m., Talus slopes of high ridge. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 14050 29 Jul 1937 Jean G. Witt 1767 15 Jul 1949 WTU-10537JWT WTU-175440 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: 2 miles southwest of peak; Ryan Peak, Boulder Mountains, U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Sawtooth National Forest. Attu Island, Aleutian Islands. Elev. 9000 ft. 52.899187°, 172.94515°; uncertainty: 35000 m. Sandy hillside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. [No collection date given on label]. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 10658 1 Aug 1944 Robert M. Hardy 352 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-106650 WTU-93634 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Galium boreale L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA, KODIAK ISLAND COUNTY: Vicinity of Norton Peak, Smoky Mountains, just below Upper Norton Kodiak. Lake. 57.79°, -152.407222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 9000 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 43.76194°, -114.65222°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Herbarium, University of Washington Collection by C. V. Piper GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Presented by Young Naturalists' Society. Phenology: Flowers. Talus. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 10712 3 Aug 1944 C. H. Townsend s.n. 1888 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-16281 WTU-93636 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, GALLATIN COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Flathead Creek. Feat, Iditarod District. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. [No collection date given on label]. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. B. J. Jones s.n. 14 Jul 1901 Mrs. C. R. Pick s.n. WTU-243803 WTU-33245 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: Along Eagle Creek, at Camp Millard. Ca. [circa] 4 miles north of Pine, Boise National Forest, north of Dog Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Creek. Elev. 4600 ft. J. William Thompson 62 30 Jul 1925 43.530492°, -115.314391°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-22869JWT-A In talus at top of divide. Staminate plants. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 8711 4 Jun 1944 with C. V. Muhlick Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum WTU-93772 U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Wallowa Mountains near Cornucopia. 45.008214°, -117.192675°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Rubiaceae Source: Digital map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. J. William Thompson 13325 18 Jul 1936 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Along Bolean Creek, [circa] 2 miles northwest of Falkland. WTU-15758JWT Elev. 2400 ft. Dry slope under Pseudotsuga. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 7475 28 Jun 1941 with J. S. Martin Galium aparine L. WTU-68087 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Near Leavenworth. 47.59639°, -120.66028°; WGS84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Rubiaceae GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist creek bottoms. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum J. William Thompson 6738 15 Jun 1931 U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: Mount Hyndman, Sawtooth Range. WTU-22869JWT-B Elev. 9000 ft. Alpine slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 13625 30 Jul 1936 WTU-5056JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, ELMORE COUNTY: At head of Cottonwood Creek, southwest of Anatone. Divide above Trinity Lakes, circa 10 miles west of Featherville. Elev. 4800 ft. Elev. 9200 ft. T7N R44E S6; WGS 84, uncertainty: 240 m., Source: 43.609826°, -115.457272°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff In litter on east slope under coniferous woods. Flowers whitish. Granitic soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 10339 25 Jul 1944 Arthur Cronquist 5941 9 Jul 1949 with C. V. Muhlick with Quentin Jones WTU-93639 WTU-169113 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Port Angeles. Top of Stein Mountains, 5 miles south of Wild Horse Creek. 48.11833°, -123.42944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Morton E. Peck 14061 29 Jun 1925 E. B. Webster 1519 Aug 1909 WTU-22885JWT WTU-32266 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Along Myers Creek on Mt. Bonaparte. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: 48.78529°, -119.12223°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1200 m., Source: Port Angeles. Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.11833°, -123.42944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Chas. B. Fiker 1507 4 Jul 1934 E. B. Webster 1522 24 Jul 1909 WTU-15748JWT WTU-32267 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster var. serpenticum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Goose Lake. U.S.A., OREGON, WASCO COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Along the John Day River, about 3 miles north of Clarno. T18E R7S S19; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, J. B. Flett 1189 30 Jul 1899 Georef'd by Ben Legler Steep hills adjacent to clay outcrop, red sandy loam with sagebrush; WTU-36676 east facing slope. With long horizontal roots. Phenology: Flowers. Noel H. Holmgren 3110 4 May 1968 Rubiaceae with Robert Carr Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-276855 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Goose Lake. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. J. B. Flett 1789 30 Jul 1899 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: WTU-36876 Lake Crescent, Olympic Peninsula. 48.06384°, -123.79732°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Geo. N. Jones 3469 Aug 1931 WTU-21308 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Elwha River. Olympic Pennisula. Mount Angeles, Olympic Peninsula. Elev. 5000 ft. Elev. 5000 ft. Moist woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.995368°, -123.466575°; uncertainty: 3000 m., Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Geo. N. Jones 3275 15 Jul 1931 Along rivulet. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-21309 Geo. N. Jones 3184 10 Jul 1931 WTU-21505 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. 1/2 mile north of Denio, Nevada, 1/2 mile up the canyon. Steep east-facing slope in stony clay soil and among boulders of U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: slate formation. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Deception Pass State Park. Whidbey Island. 48.39389°, -122.6475°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Lauramay T. Dempster 1205 31 May 1960 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff with G. L. Stebbins Dark forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-243623 Harold W. Smith 1416 28 Jul 1936 WTU-35759 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Elwha River, Olympic Peninsula. 47.94316°, -123.536289°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 24159 m., U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 4 miles northeast of Northport. Columbia River Valley. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 1850 ft. 48.573336°, -118.087048°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Geo. N. Jones 3337 15 Jul 1931 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Sandy alluvial soil. North slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-21305 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 27 Jun 1932 Rubiaceae WTU-107948 Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: Blue Mountains. Galium triflorum Michx. Elev. 5300 ft. 46.15354°, -117.39861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Irely Lake, North Fork Quinault River, Olympic National Forest. Talus and rocks. Phenology: Flowers. Elev. 600 ft. 47.554623°, -123.669039°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., F. Ehrendorfer 5956 13 Sep 1959 Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff with M. Ownbey Deep clay. Slope: level. Mint, Mimulus, sedge. Marshy lakeshore. Abundance: common. Loam. Type: timber. Flowering period: July. WTU-243622 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. R. L. Bradley 253 13 Aug 1936 Rubiaceae WTU-91476 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Rubiaceae Silverton. 48.07861°, -121.56583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium triflorum Michx. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Near Camp Elkhorn; in Elwha River valley. Olympic Mountains. L. S. Bouck s.n. 20 Jun 1895 Elev. 2200 ft. [On label, collector may appear to be Stevens]. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-16419 Origin: Native. H.C.S s.n. 21 Aug 1907 WTU-16391 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: Along Forest Road 115 near junction with Forest Road 9070, south Highway 20 at south base of Black Butte, northwest of Sisters. of Hyak. In the lowest areas of aspen (Populus tremuloides) swamp, in soil Elev. 2670 ft. now dry. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 47° 22.241' N, 121° 23.979' W; T22N R11E S28 Level: moist. Gravelly soil; wooded. Other plants: Alnus sinuata, K. L. Chambers 4104 29 Jun 1975 Anaphalis margaritacea, Pteridium aquilinum, Pseudotsuga menziesii. Green fruit, scattered. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-271576 Don Knoke 640 19 Jul 2004 Rubiaceae WTU-357146 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Woodie Mountain facing Woodie Creek, about a mile south of Cooke Galium triflorum Michx. City. Lower slopes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., MONTANA COUNTY: Glacier National Park: between Lake Josephine and Grinnell Lake. Jean G. Witt 1857 2 Aug 1949 Elev. 5000 ft. Deep spruce-fir forest. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-178861 Daniel H. Brant 126 28 Jul 1948 Rubiaceae WTU-129572 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Lake Vernon, one of the Hidden Lakes, about 5 or 6 miles east of Galium triflorum Michx. Cooke City. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Springs area at Circle Hot Springs. Jean G. Witt 1856 31 Jul 1949 65.48896°, -144.623867°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 499 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer WTU-178860 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. John Taylor 3282 3 Aug 1965 Rubiaceae WTU-226517 Galium triflorum Michx. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Rubiaceae Along Naver Creek at Hixon; between Prince George and Quesnel. Common in deciduous woods by creek; only a few plants in fruit. Galium triflorum Michx. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., IDAHO, BOUNDARY COUNTY: J. A. Calder 12679 8 Jul 1954 Smith Creek Region, along Smith Creek, 10 miles due west of Port with D. B. O. Savile, J. M. Ferguson Hill. Elev. 4500 ft. WTU-177066 48.963645°, -116.53169°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Virgin coniferous woods. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae G. B. Rossbach 120 12 Jul 1936 Galium trifidum L. with R.P. Rossbach U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: WTU-160183 Siskiyou National Forest. Ca. [circa] 7 miles northwest of Onion Mountain near intersection of Roads 354 and 3603 on 3603. Elev. 2260 ft. Rubiaceae 42.492661°, -123.688447°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8047 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Galium triflorum Michx. Wet boggy area in meadow; pine-oak zone. Locally common; rhizomatous; flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: U.S.A., ALASKA, KENAI PENINSULA COUNTY: Native. Moose Pass Valley, Kenai Peninsula. 60° 32' N, 149° 32' W Melinda F. Denton 3076 5 Jul 1973 Common at edge of Aspen woods. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-259403 J. A. Calder 6369 31 Jul 1951 WTU-173134 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. var. subtriflorum (Wieg.) Fern. U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: Henningsen's Place, Boring. U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ca. [circa] 10 miles south of New Meadows, along stream on road to Weiser. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 1045 21 Aug 1903 44.864417°, -116.536406°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-228006 Under willows, along stream. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 13911 24 Jun 1946 with C. V. Muhlick Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. var. subtriflorum (Wieg.) Fern. WTU-105614 U.S.A., MONTANA, PONDERA COUNTY: 10 miles southwest of Glacier Park, in Marias Pass. Rubiaceae Elev. 5000 ft. 48.316772°, -113.354603°; uncertainty: 10000 m., Georef'd by Galium triflorum Michx. Joseph Stormer, Invalid coordinates (located outside county bounds). U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Crater Lake National Park, along Redblanket Creek. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. C. L. Hitchcock 18122 7 Jul 1948 William H. Baker 6428 28 Aug 1949 WTU-125821 WTU-131114 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Galium triflorum Michx. Vancouver Island. Wreck Bay near Ucluelet. Elev. 30 ft. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: 48° N, 125° W; Misleading coordinates given only to nearest Unalaska. degree. 53.583944°, -166.796107°; uncertainty: 68000 m. Wet grassy slope near the sea. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. A. F. Szczawinski 5741 9 Jun 1957 Trevor Kincaid s.n. 18 Sep 1897 WTU-184001 WTU-101694 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: Shields River north of Wilsail. U.S.A., MONTANA, BROADWATER COUNTY: Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Fifteen miles east of Townsend on White Sulphur Springs road. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 1011 17 Sep 1921 C. L. Hitchcock 11839 1 Jul 1945 WTU-227997 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-98194 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, BENEWAH COUNTY: Galium tinctorium (L.) Scop. var. subtriflorum (Wieg.) Above northwest side of Lake Chatcolet, 10 miles northeast of Fern. Plummer. Elev. 2200 ft. U.S.A., IDAHO, LEMHI COUNTY: T47N R3W S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Porphyry Creek, 1 mile from junction with Panther Creek. Georef'd by Ben Legler 44.847421°, -114.28276°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Prostrate or scrambling on other plants, under mixed coniferous Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff woods. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Under willows along stream. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Arthur Cronquist 5954 16 Jul 1949 with Quentin Jones C. L. Hitchcock 14185 30 Jun 1946 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-169115 WTU-105612 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA, ALEUTIANS EAST COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Akutan, Aleutian Islands. Southeast; Chichagof Island; Icy Strait; South Passage area. 54.135556°, -165.773056°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2500 m., Elev. 20 ft. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer T42S R58E S22 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. High grass-sedge estuary; growing with Calamagrostis inexpansa, Carex lyngbyei, Rhinanthus crista-galli. Trailing, sprawling, common. John Rudd s.n. Aug 1935 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-101689 Kitty LaBounty 227 29 Aug 1981 WTU-282188 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, POWELL COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Bank of Flathead River, 1 mile northwest of Big Prairie Ranger Station; Flathead National Forest. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: 47.510667°, -113.257707°; uncertainty: 800 m. Hyder. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 55.922087°, -130.037299°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9639 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer C. L. Hitchcock 18526 20 Jul 1948 In deep lush herbaceous vegetation at edge of spruce forest on river flats. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-125488 T. T. McCabe 8480 19 Jul 1941 Rubiaceae WTU-72673 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: Cape Cove. Galium trifidum L. Elev. 100 ft. T16S R12W S33; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Georef'd by Ben Legler Nome Quadrangle; 40 msm. Road to city dump. Sitka Spruce forest. Picea sitchensis - Gaultheria shallon - 64° 31' N, 165° 30' W Vaccinium ovatum. West hill slope, mod. moist sandy loam in mod. Margins of ephemeral pond. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: shade. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Native. L. E. Detling 2937 15 Jun 1938 Tass Kelso 82-87 17 Jul 1982 WTU-74198 WTU-288351

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. CANADA, YUKON TERRITORY: U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: About one mile northeast of Mayo. Priest River Experimental Forest. 63° 36' N, 135° 53' W 48.355678°, -116.787586°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Around margins of small pond. Flowers white; rather rare. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Melissa Bowers Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Vegetation type: Arborvitae-hemlock. Roadside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. A. Calder 4066 1 Aug 1949 with J. M. Gillett R. F. Daubenmire 43330 29 Jul 1943 WTU-290711 WTU-239339

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, FREMONT COUNTY: Tongass National Forest, Chichagof Island (northwest part) west Bank of Henry's Fork of Snake River at Saint Anthony. side of Lisianski Inlet, across from Pelican, along Cann Creek. Elev. 5000 ft. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 43.96639°, -111.68139°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Mary Clay Muller 3287 24 Aug 1979 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-281769 Arthur Cronquist 1483 6 Jul 1939 WTU-24021JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, BENEWAH COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Above northwest side of Lake Chatcolet, 10 miles northeast of Queen Charlotte Islands; Graham Island; just south of Skidegate Plummer. Mission. Elev. 2200 ft. Common grassy benches and rocky cliffs back from beach. Voucher T47N R3W S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, specimen cited in Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands. I. Georef'd by Ben Legler Systematics of the Vascular Plants by James A. Calder and Roy L. Prostrate or scrambling on other plants, under mixed coniferous Taylor. Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 1968. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: woods. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Arthur Cronquist 5954 16 Jul 1949 J. A. Calder 21714 23 Jun 1957 with Quentin Jones with D. B. O. Savile, R. L. Taylor WTU-291397 WTU-241130 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium tinctorium L. U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, MADISON COUNTY: West side of Big Hole River 6 miles north of Wisdom. Margin of Ulery Lake, Madison Range. 45.702489°, -113.443855°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6000 m., 45.306656°, -111.420898°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 400 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Rooted in moist sand. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. C. L. Hitchcock 12591 21 Jul 1945 C. L. Hitchcock 16780 24 Jul 1947 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-114372 WTU-98195

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Southeastern. Tongass National Forest Admiralty Island southwest Queen Charlotte Islands. About 3 miles east of east end of side. Chaik Bay. North side of bay about 1.25 miles east of the Skidegate Lake, Moresby Island. mouth of the bay (Village Pt.). Common in thickets at edge of creek. Voucher specimen cited in T52S R68E S29 Flora of the Queen Charlotte Islands. I. Systematics of the Vascular Steep gravelly beach adjacent to forest, almost no ecotone. Plants by James A. Calder and Roy L. Taylor. Queen's Printer, Scattered in mossy forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ottawa, 1968. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Mary Clay Muller 4566 5 Aug 1981 J. A. Calder 21913 28 Jun 1957 with D. B. O. Savile, R. L. Taylor WTU-289130 WTU-241256 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium tinctorium L. Galium tinctorium L. U.S.A., MONTANA, POWELL COUNTY: Two miles south of Helmville. U.S.A., MONTANA, STILLWATER COUNTY: On clay soil on sagebrush hill. [Misspelled town name on label: At Independence, head of Boulder Creek, Absaroka National Forest. Helmsville - should be spelled as typed in locality]. Phenology: Elev. 8000 ft. Flowers & Fruits. -110.22163°, 0°; uncertainty: 1600 m. In running water. Phenology: Flowers. C. L. Hitchcock 11673 28 Jun 1945 with C. V. Muhlick C. L. Hitchcock 13377 7 Aug 1945 with C. V. Muhlick WTU-98225 WTU-98228

Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Priest River Experimental Forest. 48.355678°, -116.787586°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Melissa Bowers Arborvitae-hemlock. Roadside. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. F. Daubenmire 43330 29 Jul 1943 WTU-239257 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., IDAHO, BINGHAM COUNTY: Five miles west of Endako between Burns Lake and Vanderhoof. Northwest end of Sheep Mountain, 38 airline miles north of Soda In marshy-sedge area at edge of lake. Occasional. Phenology: Springs. Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 6700 ft. T2S R41E S32; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: J. A. Calder 15371 3 Sep 1954 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff with D. B. O. Savile, J. M. Ferguson Locally common in shaded aspen woods. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-235939 Noel H. Holmgren 5442 15 Jul 1971 with Vernon Marttala Rubiaceae WTU-276942 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Rubiaceae North of Moscow. 46.7325°, -116.99917°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium triflorum Michx. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Ponderosa pine forest. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: About 1 mile northeast of Falkland. R. F. Daubenmire 37375 28 Jun 1937 Elev. 2000 ft. Along stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-238279 C. L. Hitchcock 7464 27 Jun 1941 with J. S. Martin Rubiaceae WTU-68090 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Rubiaceae [No locality given on label] Marshy valley floor; dominants: Spiraea menziesii; seral, open scrub; Galium triflorum Michx. arborvitae - hemlock vegetation zone. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, LINN COUNTY: Fish Lake. About 2 miles north of Clear Lake. R. F. Daubenmire 44432 7 Sep 1944 44.401613°, -122.024929°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer WTU-238278 In fairly deep shade. Plants 2 feet broad, perennial. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae C. L. Hitchcock 20076 24 Jul 1953 Galium trifidum L. WTU-149805 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Between Cape Chroustcheff and Copper Bay south of Sandspit, Rubiaceae Moresby Island, Queen Charlotte Islands. Marshy bog. Common but scattered throughout; flowers white. Galium triflorum Michx. Voucher specimen cited in FLORA OF THE QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS. I. SYSTEMATICS OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS by U.S.A., OREGON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: James A. Calder and Roy L. Taylor. QUEEN?S PRINTER, Beatty Creek RNA, Roseburg BLM, 10 air miles southwest of town of OTTOWA, 1968. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Myrtle Creek. Elev. 900 ft. J. A. Calder 23197 5 Aug 1957 T30S R6W S31 NW; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: with D. B. O. Savile, R. L. Taylor TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Umbellelaria riparian. Green flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: WTU-241270 Native. P. F. Zika 10246 11 May 1987 Rubiaceae WTU-336852 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Rubiaceae Clearwater River. 46.0225°, -115.89°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium trifidum L. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Arborvitae-hemlock zone. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Native. Priest River Experimental Forest. 48.355678°, -116.787586°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., R. F. Daubenmire 38193 4 Jun 1938 Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Melissa Bowers On a beaver dam; seral, dense herbaceous community; arborvitae - WTU-238277 hemlock. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. F. Daubenmire 44486 17 Sep 1944 WTU-254036 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Payette National Forest, east of McCall, Lick Creek road. Kennedy river area near Ucluelet. Drainage Kennedy river. Elev. 5600 ft. Elev. 600 ft. 44° 56' N, 115° 58' W; T18N R4E S5 S In clear area at edge of road. Exp.-total slope-0-5. Flowers white. Bench by stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Distributed by the Herbarium, University of Victoria, Canada. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. James F. Smith 3321 30 Jul 1994 A. Young 69 28 May 1963 WTU-331180 with W. Hubbard WTU-218839 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Forest Service Road 4611 at Mossback Creek. Siskiyou National Forest. Siskiyou Mountains. Siskiyou Mountains. U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: Elev. 2548 ft. Henningsen's Place, Boring. 42° 9' 8" N, 123° 24' 7" W; T39S R6W S27 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. With Circaea alpina ssp. pacifica #1678. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 1045 21 Aug 1903 Birgit Semsrott 1679 26 Jun 1998 WTU-270623 WTU-342586 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Crater Lake National Park. Southwest corner of the park in U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Redblanket Canyon along the creek. Forest road 176 off State Rte 46 ca. [circa] 1 mile west of Oregon Along the creek. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Caves National Monument. Siskiyou National Forest. Siskiyou Mountains. William H. Baker 6432 28 Aug 1949 Elev. 3650 ft. 42° 6' 35" N, 123° 24' 37" W; T40S R6W S4 or 9 WTU-296959 Growing with Senecio triangularis #1659. In flower (white) and fruit. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Birgit Semsrott 1660 26 Jun 1998 Galium trifidum L. WTU-342575 U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Washington Bay, Kulu Island. Rubiaceae Amongst grass, in seaside flats. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. W. J. Eyerdam 7353 25 Jul 1949 CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Hotspring Island off east coast of Moresby Island. WTU-297033 Along upper part of beach. Occasional back of logs; flowers white. Voucher specimen cited in FLORA OF THE QUEEN CHARLOTTE ISLANDS. I. SYSTEMATICS OF THE VASCULAR PLANTS by Rubiaceae James A. Calder and Roy L. Taylor. QUEEN?S PRINTER, OTTOWA, 1968. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. J. A. Calder 22301 9 Jul 1957 U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: with R. L. Taylor, D. B. O. Savile On trail to Sawtooth Lake. Elev. 7330 ft. WTU-241271 44° 11.462' N, 115° 3.15' W; T10N R12E S15 Gravelly white scree slope. Corolla yellow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae J. F. Smith 3833 25 Jul 1998 Galium trifidum L. WTU-341024 U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Priest River Experimental Forest. 48.355678°, -116.787586°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Melissa Bowers On a beaver dam; seral, dense herbaceous community; arborvitae - hemlock. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. R. F. Daubenmire 44486 17 Sep 1944 WTU-243038 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Northeast of Moscow, Mount Moscow. Seattle. A. Y. P. Grounds. Elev. 2800-3900 ft. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 46.7325°, -116.99917°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Low places. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. North slope, open forest. Rocky soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. H. Harweling s.n. 6 Oct 1908 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 18 Jul 1933 WTU-16426 WTU-102296 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: West Seattle. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Skagit River. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Distributed by the Herbarium, the University of British Columbia. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Cultivated. W. V. Lovitt s.n. 19 Nov 1909 V. J. Krajina s.n. 18 Aug 1950 WTU-16424 WTU-215614 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: North of Priest River. Forest Experiment Station. U.B.C. Forest, Marine Drive, Vancouver. Elev. 2250 ft. Elev. 229 ft. 48.200171°, -116.90305°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., 49° 15' N, 123° 14' W Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Distributed by the Herbarium, The University of British Columbia. Southwest slope, moist alluvial soil; open forest. Phenology: Fruits. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Cultivated. Origin: Native. V. J. Krajina 792 8 Oct 1949 Geo. G. Hedgcock s.n. 20 Jul 1933 WTU-214336 WTU-102297

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Table meadows along West Fork of American River, 3 miels north of Seattle. Elk City. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., 45.808167°, -115.475034°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Small flowered. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. G. Wanamaker 137 Dec 1909 William H. Baker 12434 12 Aug 1954 WTU-16427 WTU-296970 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: East bank of North Pine Creek, across from Lake Fork Campground. Seattle. On campus of state university. Elev. 3000 ft. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Occasional in moist understory of Pinus ponderosa, Rubus GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff parviflorus, Galium spp. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In woods. Phenology: Fertile. Brenda Bafus 165 14 Jun 1979 T. C. Frye s.n. 6 Oct 1908 WTU-278815 WTU-20426 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: Seattle. Near University. Packrat Gorge, 15 miles northwest of Nordman. 47.66667°, -122.30861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: 48.81359°, -117.00264°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6750 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. Granite walls. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. M. Madison s.n. 30 Sep 1908 William H. Baker 15175 22 Jun 1958 WTU-16428 WTU-296987

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: 2 miles northeast of Elk River. Mount Rainier District. 46.804079°, -116.148991°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., 46.85163°, -121.76092°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 11000 m., Source: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Under pines. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Coniferous forest. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Mary Hafercamp 89 21 Jul 1948 W. J. Eyerdam 6447 26 Jun 1937 with Xerpha M. Gaines WTU-294034 WTU-132739 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Selway Mountains. Fog Mountain Saddle. Manitou Beach. 46.09333°, -115.23556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 47.65583°, -122.50944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Spring. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. In the salt marsh. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 15311 13 Jul 1958 W. J. Eyerdam 1165 31 Jul 1937 WTU-297942 WTU-291267 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Tomer's Butte; 4 miles southeast of Moscow. Siskiyou National Forest. On Highway 3905, 3.9 miles south of 46.691538°, -116.939429°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: intersection of 3950 and 46 or ca. [circa] 22 miles east and south of GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Cave Junction. South slope, ground. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 2660 ft. 42.094821°, -123.431707°; uncertainty: 8047 m., Georef'd by William H. Baker 14325 9 Jul 1956 Joseph Stormer Pseudotsuga-Chamaecyparis woods near Yeaher Creek. Common. WTU-296975 Flowers light yellow. Mostly in fruit. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Melinda F. Denton 2644 24 Jun 1973 Rubiaceae WTU-258794 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Rubiaceae Hawk Prairie on the mountain at Bingen. 45.715°, -121.46333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Galium trifidum L. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Near Winslow, Bainbridge Island. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2673 28 Jun 1900 47.62639°, -122.52°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-270624 In seaside meadow, saline marsh. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. W. J. Eyerdam 6355 10 Jul 1944 WTU-291339 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, BONNER COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: 5 miles north of Priest River. East Twin, Moscow Mountain. 48.24299°, -116.883725°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: 46.81194°, -116.90417°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Wet sphagnum bog. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. North slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 13683 31 Jul 1955 Ben Chichester 402 12 Jul 1950 WTU-297166 WTU-297125

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Falcon Valley. Along Gold Center Creek, 5 miles east of Clarkia. 45.977122°, -121.306515°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8021 m., 47.007963°, -116.144214°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Sara Legler GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Along the banks. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2674 10 Jul 1900 William H. Baker 15326 20 Jul 1958 WTU-227996 WTU-297113

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Castle Creek Canyon, Crater Lake National Park. Port Angeles. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 48.11833°, -123.42944°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff William H. Baker s.n. 4 Aug 1950 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-297955 J. B. Flett 3399 26 Jun 1908 WTU-37826 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Freezeout Saddle, 14.5 miles east of Clarkia. 47.010418°, -115.944099°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Along the Grayback Trail. North slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. William H. Baker 15689 3 Aug 1959 William H. Baker 114 29 Jun 1949 with George C. Ruhle WTU-297101 WTU-299155 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Edge of Hump Bog. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Edge of bog. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. No Name Creek. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. G. N. Jones 5818 13 Aug 1934 William H. Baker 444 13 Jul 1949 WTU-35981 with George C. Ruhle WTU-298141 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Mount Olympus. Seattle. Elev. 3700 ft. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., 47.80167°, -123.70896°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. C. V. Piper 485 24 Jun 1888 J. B. Flett 3041 Aug 1907 WTU-16431 WTU-35988 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ISLAND COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, LATAH COUNTY: Langley. On the northern slope of Bald Mountain. 48.04028°, -122.405°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: T43N R2W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist - land[?]. Phenology: Fruits. Occurs in open areas along roadside. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. J. M. Grant 2063 Jul 1923 E. L. Richards 135 24 Jul 1955 WTU-16401 WTU-297100 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Mount Colonel Bob. Olympic Mountains. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Elev. 4000 ft. Kent. 47.48889°, -123.74556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: In moist places. Phenology: Fruits. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky talus slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. S. J. Anthon s.n. 23 Nov 1905 J. William Thompson 7285 9 Jul 1931 WTU-16429 WTU-22895JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Above Lower Biglow Lake. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Wooded slopes. Sweet-scented Bedstraw. Phenology: Flowers. Along Shingle Creek, Seven Devils Mountains. Origin: Native. 45.371608°, -116.484724°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff William H. Baker 709 3 Sep 1949 Moist woods. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. with George C. Ruhle William H. Baker 12261 31 Jul 1954 WTU-298323 WTU-297115 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., Above Bagley Lake, Mount Baker Lodge. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Elev. 4500 ft. Phenology: Flowers. 48.86361°, -121.68111°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff C. V. Piper 485 24 Jun 1888 Moist under-thicket. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-16432 J. William Thompson 5378 25 Jul 1930 WTU-22903JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, CLATSOP COUNTY: Spruce Spring, Mount Brundage. Saddle Mountain. 45.000996°, -116.128163°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6833 m., 45.968045°, -123.676311°; uncertainty: 3000 m. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Logged and burned area on lower slopes. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Open grassy slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Native. William H. Baker 12308 4 Aug 1954 G. B. Rossbach 356 24 Jun 1938 with R.P. Rossbach WTU-297116 WTU-90916 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: At headwaters of Red River, Red River Hot Springs. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: 45.809081°, -115.473482°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Goose Lake. Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Creek bottom. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. J. B. Flett 1191 14 Aug 1899 William H. Baker 12401 11 Aug 1954 WTU-36671 WTU-296983 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Eight miles north of Revelstoke. Silvertip Falls of 8 miles creek. At Moclips. Open moss bank on or near spray of falls. Phenology: Flowers. 47.23639°, -124.21167°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Origin: Native. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open woods. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. T. T. McCabe 5464 29 Sep 1937 J. William Thompson 9342 9 Jul 1933 WTU-78249 WTU-22747JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Olympic Mountains. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: 47.80682°, -123.61225°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 40000 m., Source: Four miles northwest of Fort Saint James. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Semi-open rock slides, Douglas fir, aspen, creeping, originating in Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. dense radially- disposed mass. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. A. D. E. Elmer 2458 Jul 1900 T. T. McCabe 7470 21 Jun 1940 WTU-22883JWT WTU-78199 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, CLACKAMAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: At Oregon City. Ocean City. Shades slopes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.07111°, -124.16472°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff J. William Thompson 685 5 Jun 1926 Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-22752JWT G. N. Jones 3923 27 Jun 1933 WTU-35991 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Butterfly Lake. Olympic Peninsula, Quillayute Prairie. 46.02331°, -121.84207°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50000 m., Source: 47.94634°, -124.52951°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2676 23 Jul 1901 Geo. N. Jones 3407 Aug 1931 WTU-228009 WTU-21547

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: About Diamond Lake. Orcas Island, Moran State Park, south side of Mount Constitution. Moist shady slope. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 1500 ft. T37N R1W S33; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Morton E. Peck 19271 13 Jul 1936 Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Open slopes around roadside viewpoint; in shade or semi-shade WTU-8576JWT under Pseudotsuga trees. Common; slenderly rhizomatous; perennial. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Peter E. Rapp 118 28 Jul 1981 Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-293341 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Bingen. Rubiaceae 45.71495°, -121.46462°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium verum L. Wet shady places. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2844 28 Jul 1903 Seattle. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., WTU-228010 Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Wedgewood Lawn with minimal mowing. Spreading in patches in lawn. Flowers yellow. Yellow or Ladies Bedstraw. Phenology: Rubiaceae Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Galium triflorum Michx. T. F. Johnson 190 27 Jul 1987 U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK-GALLATIN COUNTY: WTU-328269 Big Muddy Creek, west of Wilsall. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 1001 15 Sep 1921 Galium verum L. WTU-228016 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle, University of Washington campus. Rubiaceae 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium triflorum Michx. Weed in lawn. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: G. N. Jones 6125 1933 Bingen Mountain, Bingen. 45.715°, -121.46333°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: WTU-15762JWT GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 10937 17 Jul 1922 Galium verum L. WTU-228008 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle, University of Washington Campus. Rubiaceae 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium triflorum Michx. Weed in lawn. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. U.S.A., OREGON COUNTY: G. N. Jones 6125 13 Sep 1933 Near Portland. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-25853 A. S. Forter s.n. 15 Aug 1904 WTU-16371 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Galium verum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: Seattle, University of Washington. Corner of 9th Street and Van Buren, downtown Corvaliis. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 220 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff T11S R5W S35; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital Weed in lawn. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. map, Georef'd by John Bassett Yellow flowers, rhizomatous, weed in lawn. Phenology: Flowers. Geo. N. Jones 4314 20 Oct 1932 Origin: Introduced. WTU-30045 P. F. Zika 14367 17 Sep 1999 WTU-339406 Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Galium sp. Linnton near Portland. 45.598728°, -122.787044°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1800 m., U.S.A., OREGON, CURRY COUNTY: Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Along the Rogue River, 2 miles south of Illahe. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Open steep gravelly bank. Phenology: Flowers. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 1936 12 Jul 1912 William H. Baker 11527 13 Jun 1954 WTU-227999 WTU-297945

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Galium sp. U.S.A., OREGON, BENTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: Corvallis. OSC Campus. Green Mountain Resort Conversation Easement. Dry gravelly soil, edge of Coliseum parking lot. Phenology: Fruits. T2N R3E S20, 21; Willamette Meridian; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 Origin: Introduced. m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Wet depression upland field. With Myosotis laxa, Carex densa, Q. D. Clarkson s.n. 5 Aug 1952 Juncus sp., Deschampsia cespitosa. Phenology: Flowers. WTU-149236 E. Habegger 422 28 May 1998 WTU-338258 Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Galium sp. At Linnton. Waste lots. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Along the St. Joe River at Conrad Crossing Campground, about 20 J. William Thompson 3888 25 Sep 1927 miles southeast of Avery. 47.045451°, -115.502583°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: WTU-18621JWT-A GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Thickets, banks. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae William H. Baker 16051 Aug 1960 Galium verum L. WTU-264868 U.S.A., OREGON, MARION COUNTY: Near Capitol Building, Salem. Rubiaceae In parking strips. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Galium sp. J. William Thompson s.n. Aug 1927 U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: WTU-18621JWT-B Antelope Pass, above Copper Basin. Elev. 8934 ft. T5N R23E S18; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rocky bank. Phenology: Flowers. William H. Baker 11029 15 Aug 1953 WTU-297948 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium sp. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Along the Limestone Trail near the mouth of Limestone Creek. Near Big Four Inn, Cascade Mountains. Dry ground. Phenology: Flowers. Elev. 1900 ft. 48.06611°, -121.50778°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: William H. Baker 958 21 Aug 1950 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff with George C. Ruhle Open bog. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-298197 J. William Thompson 14680 15 Jun 1940 WTU-23265JWT Rubiaceae Galium sp. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Mount Rainier District. 46.85163°, -121.76092°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 11000 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Deer Lake, Solduck District, Olympic National Coniferous woods. Phenology: Flowers. Park. 47.92667°, -123.82222°; WGS 84, W. J. Eyerdam 6447 26 Jun 1937 uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-291631 Under bushes and perennials in deep shade of fir forest. Canadian zone. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Walter J. Eyerdam 6285 Galium sp. 11 Aug 1944 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Mount Rainier District. WTU-291341, WTU-V-038589 46.85163°, -121.76092°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 11000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Coniferous woods. Phenology: Fruits. Rubiaceae W. J. Eyerdam 6445 26 Jun 1937 Galium triflorum Michx. WTU-291651 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Butterfly Lake. Rubiaceae 46.02331°, -121.84207°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium sp. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2676 23 Jul 1901 Mount St. Helens. Elev. 4500-4680 ft. WTU-270669 46.19893°, -122.18888°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Dense ravine of northwest slope of Lodgepole Point. Phenology: Rubiaceae Flowers. Galium triflorum Michx. Donald B. Lawrence s.n. 7 Aug 1937 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: WTU-324140 Stuart Island. 48.674722°, -123.210556°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3700 m., Source: Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Deep moist woods. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. W. H. Lawrence 145 26 Jun 1904 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: WTU-95442 Carlisle. 47.155°, -124.09722°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. Harold E. Helmrich 158 9 Jul 1933 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: WTU-306142 Mount Angeles, Olympic Mountains. Elev. 5500 ft. 47° 59.6' N, 123° 27.9' 27.9" W Rocky slopes. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. William Thompson 5485 2 Aug 1930 WTU-22902JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Clark Springs, 10 miles north of Spokane. East slope of Lake Mountain. 47.803635°, -117.425°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: 42.089629°, -123.343759°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1600 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer In deep woods, rich damp loam. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Fruits. F. O. Kreager 34 26 Jun 1902 William H. Baker 899 18 Jul 1950 with George C. Ruhle WTU-68631 WTU-298198 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Wodan's Vale, Mount Adams. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: 46.20255°, -121.4908°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8000 m., Source: Seattle. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 47° 36.3' N, 122° 19.8' W North slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 6089 26 Aug 1907 C. V. Piper 64 188- WTU-270622 WTU-16412

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Shaw Island. Seattle. 48.5725°, -122.95083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. A. S. Pope s.n. 24 Jun 1904 Emma A. Shumway 4309 May 1892 WTU-16435 WTU-90251

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Bingen. Lake Mountain Trail; Sand Ridge; Oregon Caves National 45.71495°, -121.46462°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Monument. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 42.086954°, -123.369508°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Wet shady places. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Fruits. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 2844 28 Jul 1903 William H. Baker 753 18 Jun 1950 WTU-270672 with George C. Ruhle WTU-298192 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Oregon Caves Nataional Park and vicinity, Sand Ridge, Lake U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Mountain Trail. Oregon Caves Nataional Park and vicinity, Sand Ridge, Lake 42.087082°, -123.369508°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Mountain Trail. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 42.087209°, -123.369508°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Phenology: Fruits. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Fruits. William H. Baker 195 30 Jun 1949 with George C. Ruhle William H. Baker 195 30 Jun 1949 with George C. Ruhle WTU-299101 WTU-297363 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Seattle, State University Campus. On west side of Crater Lake. 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Elev. 5000 ft. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 42.941677°, -122.144249°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., In woods. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Mountain meadows. Phenology: Fruits. T. C. Frye s.n. 16 Sep 1904 J. William Thompson 12256 23 Jul 1935 WTU-16417 WTU-15739JWT Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., MONTANA, MISSOULA COUNTY: Head of St. Louis Creek, (32 miles northwest of Missoula). U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Elev. 6500 ft. Seattle. Near university. T18N R24W S32 SE 1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: 47.66667°, -122.30861°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: Digital map, Georef'd by John Bassett GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Beargrass park area in interspaces between tussocks. First Montana Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. record. Phenology: Fruits. M. Madison s.n. 10 Sep 1908 P. F. Stickney 398 7 Jun 1960 WTU-16420 WTU-233490 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., MONTANA, PARK COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Above Cooke City. Seattle. 45.016607°, -109.934071°; uncertainty: 7000 m. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., Dry south-facing slope. Phenology: Fruits. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Moist ground. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Jean G. Witt 1717 5 Jul 1949 Maria Snow s.n. May 1904 WTU-178771 WTU-16414 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: West Seattle. U.S.A., IDAHO, BEAR LAKE COUNTY: 47.60639°, -122.33083°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Bloomington Lakes, Bear River Range, about 10 miles west of GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Bloomington. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 9300 ft. T14S R42E S30; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: W. V. Lovitt s.n. 19 Nov 1909 GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Shaded slope, spruce fir zone. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-16425 William H. Baker 9399 18 Jul 1952 Rubiaceae WTU-297289 Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Seattle. Galium biflorum Wats. 47.613617°, -122.310098°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 15750 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., IDAHO, BUTTE COUNTY: In open woods. Common. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. Banks of the West Fork, Little Cottonwood Creek, Craters of the Moon National Monument. Mareta Haveus s.n. 14 Oct 1911 43.476072°, -113.58727°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff WTU-16422 Phenology: Fruits. William H. Baker 13271 1 Jul 1955 WTU-297105 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Galium triflorum Michx. ? U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Wodan's Vale, Mount Adams. Lake Forest Park, Seattle. 46.20255°, -121.4908°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8000 m., Source: 47.75694°, -122.27972°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Phenology: Fruits. S-296. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 6822 9 Aug 1909 G. L. Wittrock s.n. 22 Oct 1927 WTU-270351 WTU-5075

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: Mount Adams. Sand Creek Canyon, opposite East Ranger Station, Crater Lake 46.197222°, -121.491389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., National Park. Source: Digital map, Georef'd by Ben Legler 42.850001°, -121.981565°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3489 m., Phenology: Fertile. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Moist stream banks. Phenology: Fertile. Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 664 14 Jun 1890 William H. Baker 6847 28 Jun 1950 WTU-270563 WTU-297058 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Galium biflorum Wats. U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Mount Adams. U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: 46.197222°, -121.491389°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Above Galena Summit. Source: Digital map, Georef'd by Ben Legler Elev. 8752 ft. Phenology: Fruits. 43.87139°, -114.65639°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 664 14 Jun 1890 Mountain marsh, high slopes. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-229527 William H. Baker 10689A 25 Jul 1953 WTU-297032 Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Galium biflorum Wats. Wodan's Vale, Mount Adams. 46.20255°, -121.4908°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8000 m., Source: U.S.A., IDAHO, OWYHEE COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Middle Sawpit Creek, circa 2 miles southwest of Silver City. Phenology: Fruits. 42.99645°, -116.76024°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Wilhelm N. Suksdorf 6822 9 Aug 1909 Under a sagebrush thicket. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-229528 William H. Baker 7888 12 Jul 1951 WTU-296971 Rubiaceae Galium biflorum Wats. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Galium aparine L. [No locality given on label]. 46.48245°, -120.51294°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 90000 m., Source: U.S.A., MONTANA, FLATHEAD COUNTY: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff 1 mile south of Columbia Falls. Phenology: Fruits. 48.357992°, -114.181515°; uncertainty: 1600 m. Wooded north slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. J. B. Flett s.n. 4 Jul 1899 H. T. Rogers 1054 12 Jul 1942 WTU-38489 with J. M. Rogers WTU-362827 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: 4.4 miles south of Idaho Highway 13 at Grangeville. Lake Chelan National Recreational Area. Stehekin State Airstrip. T29N R3E; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Elev. 1196 ft. Georef'd by WTU Staff 48.34332° N, 120.71854° W; UTM Zone 10, 669049.268E, Edges of ditch, in gravel, associated with Trifolium and Cirsium. 5356975.232N; WGS 83, uncertainty: 5 m., Source: GPS, UTM Corolla lobes white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. calculated from Lat-Lon. Flat mowed area approximately 3,000 feet long by 300 feet wide. Johnnie L. Gentry Jr. 1702 5 Jul 1967 Public airstrip cut out of valley floor forest. Abies grandis, Alnus with Gerrit Davidse rubra, Acer macrophylla, Pseudotsuga menziesii dominate forest edge. Airstrip dominated by non-native grasses. Common in area WTU-362826 that was forest six months ago. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Dale Blum 06-15 27 Jun 2006 Galium aparine L. WTU-366587 U.S.A., IDAHO, IDAHO COUNTY: Rubiaceae Frenchman Butte. 46.31611°, -115.53972°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Galium aparine L. GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Moist swale. Spruce-fir vegetation zone. Community status: climax. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Open scrub. Dominants: Alnus sinuata. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: San Juan Islands. Sentinel Island. East end of island. Native. 48° 38.397' N, 123° 8.915' W East end of island. Scattered on south facing slope. Phenology: R. F. Daubenmire 45169 28 Aug 1945 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-362824 Eliza Habegger EH-1036 27 Apr 2006 WTU-385709 Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Goat Mountains. Elev. 4000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Stehekin National Recreational Area. Stehekin State Airstrip. Elev. 3922 ft. O. D. Allen 296 11 Jul 1897 48.34221° N, 120.71741° W; UTM Zone 10, 669136.667E, 5356854.357N; WGS 83, uncertainty: 12 m., Source: GPS, UTM WTU-362823 calculated from Lat-Lon. Wetlands at southeast end of airstrip formed around Stehekin River. Dominated by Alnus, Rubus parviflora and Pteridium aquilinum. Rubiaceae Growing in wet soil with Glyceria and Scirpus. Petals white, 2 millimeters. Common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium aparine L. Dale Blum 06-46A 27 Jun 2006 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Coon Island. WTU-366721 Elev. 40 ft. 48° 35.725' N, 123° 1.115' W Open forest of Oak, Pseudotsuga, Madrone, and Juniper. Open Rubiaceae understory dominated by Dactylus glomerata and diverse natives. In lush Camassia meadows. Uncommon. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Galium trifidum L. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Peter Dunwiddie 06-98 28 Apr 2006 Lake Chelan National Recreation Area. East side of Coon Lake on north side of lake outlet. One kilometer northeast of High Bridge. WTU-385845 Stehekin River Valley. Elev. 2170 ft. 48° 23' 16.7" N, 120° 49' 43.5" W; UTM Zone 10, 660742.875E, 5361700.857N; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8 m., Source: GPS, UTM calculated from Lat-Lon. Shady mature Thuja plicata flat. Moist springy duff. Understory dominated by Athyrium filix-femina. Petals white. Locally common on lake edge. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Steve Hahn 06-202 29 Jun 2006 WTU-366758 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Lake Chelan National Recreation Area. South facing slope along North Cascades National Park. Dagger Lake circa 3 air miles McGregor Mountain Trail. southeast of Rainy Pass. Elev. 4742 ft. Elev. 5508 ft. 48° 24.067' N, 120° 49.191' W; UTM Zone 10, 661360.14E, 48° 28.129' N, 120° 39.34' W; UTM Zone 10, 673280.642E, 5363180.499N; WGS 84, Source: GPS, UTM calculated from 5371063.857N; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4 m., Source: GPS, UTM Lat-Lon. calculated from Lat-Lon. Subalpine meadow dominated by Lomatium sp., Pseudotsuga Shallow lake surrounded by wet subalpine meadows, dominated by menziesii, Lupinus sp. Annual. Scattered in open soil. Phenology: Carex species, Eriophorum, scattered Abies lasiocarpa, Picea Flowers. Origin: Native. engelmannii. Flowers white; stems tangled or mat-forming in mud; abundant. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Vicky Gempko 06-22 29 Jun 2006 with Dale Blum, Cheryl Lowe, Anders Huseth Charlie Baughman 06-16 30 Jul 2006 Herbarium: WTU WTU-366929 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: Little North Fork of Clearwater River, Clearwater Forest Reserve. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Around a homestead cabin. Occasional in woods. Phenology: Mount Rainier National Park. Along the Wonderland Trail circa 0.25 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. mile northeast of Ipsut Pass. Elev. 4600 ft. F. L. Pickett 1136 11 Aug 1917 46° 57.19' N, 121° 51.981' W; UTM Zone 10, 586261.3E, 5200583.399N; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., Source: GPS, UTM WTU-65977 calculated from Lat-Lon. Steep, brushy, rocky northeast-facing cirque bordered by cliffs, with Alnus sinnata, Aruncus dioicus, Rubus parviflorus, Sorbus Rubiaceae sitchensis. Stems clambering among other vegetation; scattered. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium aparine L. Lara Massey 06-1 8 Aug 2006 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: North Cascades National Park. Southeast side of McGregor WTU-366580 Mountain. West side of Coon Creek along the McGregor Mountain Trail. Stehekin Valley. Elev. 2964 ft. Rubiaceae 48° 23.717' N, 120° 49.786' W; UTM Zone 10, 660644.586E, 5362511.311N; WGS 84, Source: GPS, UTM calculated from Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. Lat-Lon. modocense Dempster & Ehrend. comb. nov., subsp. nov. Aspect: 200 degrees. Slope: 5 - 25 degrees. Dry rocky outcrops intermixed with coniferous forest, dominated by Pseudotsuga U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MODOC COUNTY: menziesii and Pinus ponderosa. Dominant grasses Pseudoroegneria Horse Mountain. Warner Mountains. spicata and Calamagrostis rubescens. Exposed site with partial to 41.2174°, -120.135002°; WGS 84, full sun. Along trail in dry mineral soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: uncertainty: 1316 m., Source: Digital map, Native. Georef'd by Sara Legler Under edges of rock on open slope. Phenology: Anders Huseth 06-9 28 Jun 2006 Flowers. Origin: Native. Type Specimen: with Diane Doss, Cheryl Lowe, David Giblin Isotype. WTU-366736 Annie M. Alexander 5071 Rubiaceae with Louise Kellogg Galium aparine L. 14 Jul 1946 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FRANKLIN COUNTY: WTU-123725, WTU-V-001059 Juniper Dunes Wilderness Area. Near north end. 46° 24' N, 118° 49' W; Unknown Partially shaded ravines and open sandy meadows. Annual; four-parted flower; stems clingy. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 2443 22 Apr 2005 with Peter F. Zika, David Giblin WTU-369919 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium argense Dempster & Ehrend. sp. nov. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: Water Canyon near Junction Ranch, Argus Clearwater National Forest. US Forest Service Road 715. About a Mountains. kilometer north of junction of 715 and 720. Elev. 6500 ft. Elev. 5785 ft. 36.07389°, -117.51194°; WGS 84, 46.85631°, -115.23426°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: uncertainty: 5106 m., Source: GeoLocate, Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Rocky south facing meadow with stream at base. Under forst Dry stony loose slope. Phenology: Flowers & canopy. Uncommon. Phenology: Buds. Origin: Native. Fruits. Origin: Native. Type Specimen: Isotype. Cole Brooking 05-08 10 Jul 2005 Philip A. Munz 16485 WTU-369286 31 May 1940 WTU-66458, WTU-V-001058 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: Clearwater National Forest. Black Canyon on Clearwater River. Galium magnifolium (Dempster) Dempster National Forest Road 250. Roadside stream to river. 0.35 miles south of Pete Ott Creek. U.S.A., NEVADA, CLARK COUNTY: 46.74512°, -115.24091°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Canyon above Wilson's Ranch. Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Elev. 4034 ft. Wet roadside ditch with Marchantia, bog orchids and mosses. Low Under rocks. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. shrubs and dense herbaceous cover mostly on uphill side of road. Origin: Native. Type Specimen: Isotype. Shrubs collected on river side of road. Uncommon. Patch about 4 feet by 10 feet. White petals. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: I. W. Clokey 8134 Native. 7 Jun 1938 Maria Gerace 05-02 9 Jul 2005 with Robert Goff, Doug Williams, Dale Blum WTU-54856, WTU-V-001060 WTU-369336 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium magnifolium (Dempster) Dempster U.S.A., IDAHO, CLEARWATER COUNTY: U.S.A., NEVADA, CLARK COUNTY: Clearwater National Forest. Hidden Creek Camp. Canyon above Wilson's Ranch. Elev. 3410 ft. Elev. 4034 ft. 46.83177°, -115.17851°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Under rocks. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Origin: Native. Type Specimen: Isotype. Level damp soil; few rocks. With Thuja plicata, Symphoricarpos alba, Trillium ovatum, Acer glabrum. Flowers white. Common. Phenology: I. W. Clokey 8134 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. 7 Jun 1938 Don Knoke 865 9 Jul 2005 WTU-20231JWT, WTU-V-001061 WTU-369944

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Battleship Island. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Elev. 0-40 ft. San Juan Islands. Cliff Island. 48° 37.494' N, 123° 11.115' W 48° 35.391' N, 123° 0.826' W Five acre rock outcrop rising 40 feet above water, with shrub Island is forested heavily with second growth Pseudotsuga with thickets, a few Pseudotsuga and Madrona trees, lush camas swales extensive Gaultheria shallon understory. Heavily deer grazed. Many and bedrock outcrops. Occasional in swales and under shrubs. species relatively uncommon around periphery on cliffs. Occasional Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. in openings. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rod Gilbert 06-17 26 Apr 2006 David Giblin 319 28 Apr 2006 WTU-383686 WTU-388342 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Ripple Island. San Juan Islands. McConnell Island, middle of island; southwest of 48° 39.415' N, 123° 7.896' W Orcas Island. Oblong (north-south) island with extensive shrub cover and a stand Elev. 40 ft. of mostly dead Populus tremuloides. Large shell and gravel beach 48° 35.8' N, 123° 1.45' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: on west side, with broad shelving bedrock bench draped with GPS seaweed. Uncommon in meadows, under shrubs. Phenology: Shady Pseudotsuga forest; most trees less than ca. [circa] 50 years Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. old; grassy or duff understory; grazed in past. Scattered in understory. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rod Gilbert 06-98 27 Apr 2006 David Giblin 499 30 May 2006 WTU-385261 WTU-388292 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Gossip Island. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Elev. 0-25 ft. San Juan Islands. Unnamed island just west of Broken Point, 48° 39.789' N, 123° 10.374' W perhaps 200 meters from Shaw Island. Reported to be shallow Low conglomerate bedrock island with gently sloping bedrock on all enough to walk to at low tide. [Referred to as Broken Point Island.] sides. Scattered madrone, Douglas fir, and junipers across island Elev. 25 ft. with lush camas on swales between outcrop. Occasional under 48° 35.539' N, 122° 58.206' W shrub. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Open, grassy island with scattered Juniperus scopulorum, a few Quercus; Camassia leichtlinii abundant, with Allium acuminatum, Steve Hahn 06-49 27 Apr 2006 Clarkia amoena var. caurina, Rosa, and Symphoricarpos. A few plants among Rosa nutkana, clambering on top. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-384554 Origin: Native. David Giblin 513 1 Jun 2006 Rubiaceae WTU-388271 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae San Juan Islands. Nob Island. Elev. 0-40 ft. Galium aparine L. 48° 35.469' N, 123° 1.07' W A very small, high island, with abundant rock and moss. Juniperus is U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: most common tree, with Arbutus, Oak, and Pseudotsuga. Very San Juan Islands. Skull Island. heavily deer grazed. Occasional, scattered. Phenology: Flowers & Elev. 40 ft. Fruits. Origin: Native. 48° 38.343' N, 122° 59.168' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS A 40 foot high island with many Juniperus trees, abundant Camassia Steve Hahn 06-71 28 Apr 2006 leichtlinii and Plectritis congesta. Numerous bedrock outcrops with ledges. Clambering over shrubs in shade under trees. Phenology: WTU-384816 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Pam Camp 06-73 30 May 2006 Rubiaceae WTU-389005 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae San Juan Islands. Little McConnell Island; small island (1.3 acres) connected to McConnell Island by beach at low tide. Galium aparine L. Elev. 0-25 ft. 48° 35.927' N, 123° 1.547' W U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Open grassland with scattered Juniperus, madrone. Occasional San Juan Islands. U.S. BLM land. Victim Island. under trees. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 50 ft. 48° 36.831' N, 122° 58.472' W Ben Legler 3256 28 Apr 2006 An open, forested, 3 acre island with Arbutus, Quercus, Juniperus, and Pseudotsuga; Holodiscus dominant shrub understory; deer WTU-384407 evident. Occasional under shrubs. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Pam Camp 06-116 1 Jun 2006 WTU-389017 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Oak Island. Mills Canyon, 3 air miles southwest of mouth. Elev. 10 ft. Elev. 2899 ft. 48° 36.463' N, 122° 57.283' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS 47° 37.417' N, 120° 18.951' W; Source: GPS Very small, 0.19 acre (measured) island with Holodiscus/Rosa Southwest steep rocky slopes; full sun; old burn. Green-yellow shrubs, Sanicula understory; one goose nest; otter evident flowers; shrub. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. abundantly; 3 Pseudotsuga menziesii, 2 Juniperus scopulorum, and 1 Quercus garryana. Frequent trailing over shrubs. Phenology: Steve Hahn 05-158 21 May 2005 Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-374054 Peter Dunwiddie 06-163 30 May 2006 WTU-389045 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Long Lake. Elev. 992 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: 46° 55.706' N, 119° 11.843' W; Source: Field notes San Juan Islands. Fawn Island. Damp ground by boat ramp in full sun. Flowers green-white, Elev. 50 ft. four-parted. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 48° 36.853' N, 123° 0.421' W; Source: GPS Three acre island is developed with 3 houses, trails, and Ben Legler 2493 23 Apr 2005 considerable disturbance of understory; forest (open) of with Peter F. Zika, David Giblin Pseudotsuga menziesii, Arbutus, Quercus, and Juniperus. In grasslands and shrubby areas, clambering. Phenology: Fruits. WTU-370407 Origin: Native. Peter Dunwiddie 06-231 31 May 2006 Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium aparine L. ? Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Protection Island. Spit, Kanem Point, at west end. Galium aparine L. Elev. 5 ft. 48° 7.261' N, 122° 56.626' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: GPS San Juan Islands. McConnell Island off southwest side of Orcas Dry sand spit, with Leymus mollis, Grindelia, Festuca species, Island; north end of island near small wetland. Plantago maritima, and drift wood. Flowers white; scattered. Elev. 5 ft. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. 48° 35.902' N, 123° 1.444' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m., Source: GPS Charles Espey 3 3 May 2006 Small rocky bald by wetland; mostly grassy with scattered Pseudotsuga, Juniperus, and Quercus. Petals white; stems WTU-371093 clamboring over grasses. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Victoria Wyllie-Echeverria 06-31 30 May 2006 Galium aparine L. WTU-390129 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Rubiaceae Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Saddlebag Island. Galium aparine L. Elev. 17 ft. 48° 32.117' N, 122° 33.333' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: High island with rocky shoreline cliffs; Douglas fir/Madrone forests Ridge above Swakane Canyon; 1.5 miles south-southwest of with Snowberry, Mahonia; forest and understory. Common in Chumstick Mountain. campsites, along trails, and along shoreline. Phenology: Fruits. Elev. 4595 ft. Origin: Native. 47° 37.851' N, 120° 27.508' W; Source: GPS Meadows and open stands of fir, ponderosa pine; moist west-facing Ben Legler 3371 23 May 2006 slopes. Green-white flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-371716 Steve Hahn 05-117 21 May 2005 WTU-370771 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium palustre L. Galium gilliesii Hook. & Arn. ssp. telanthos (Philippi) Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Heart Lake. Naturally formed lake approximately ARGENTINA, MENDOZA, MALARGUE: 0.5 square mile in size. Road from Las Lenas ski resort to Valle Hermosa at pass Elev. 328 ft. overlooking Valle Hermosa. 48° 28.494' N, 122° 37.702' W; WGS 84, Elev. 8806 ft. uncertainty: 7 m., Source: GPS 35° 7.399' S, 70° 11.022' W Lake surrounded by coniferous forest; lake edge Yellow/green flowers; small herb growing among boulders. dominated by Salix sp., Nuphar, and Typha. Phenology: Flowers. Occasional on logs in water near lake edge. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Richard G. Olmstead 04-202 20 Dec 2004 with Iris Peralta David Giblin 754 with David Giblin WTU-384892 5 Oct 2006 Rubiaceae WTU-373375, WTU-V-50696 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Rubiaceae Colockum Wildlife Area. Dry Gulch mesa. Elev. 939 ft. Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. 47° 6.956' N, 120° 1.81' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., Source: GPS ARGENTINA, MENDOZA, LUJAN DE CUYO: Basalt rim-rock interspersed with talus and lithosol; mostly south Las Crucecitas, 6 kilometers west of Provincial Route 81, west of facing slope; Artemisia tridentata dominate with Bromus tectorum. Lujan de Cuyo. Occasional among rocks in talus. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 4631 ft. 33° 0.209' S, 69° 1.995' W Joseph Arnett 07-5 24 Apr 2007 Small plant. Phenology: Flowers. with David Giblin, D. Knoke, P. Lupshinski Richard G. Olmstead 04-160A 13 Dec 2004 WTU-376505 with Iris Peralta WTU-384908 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Quilomene Wildlife Area. Box Canyon. Lower elevation of main canyon. ARGENTINA, MENDOZA, LUJAN DE CUYO: Elev. 936 ft. Las Crucecitas, 6 kilometers west of Provincial Route 81, west of 47° 4.707' N, 120° 3.118' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Lujan de Cuyo. From base of canyon to top of sandy slope at junction with first side Elev. 4631 ft. canyon. In open, rocky soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 33° 0.209' S, 69° 1.995' W Larger scrambling plant growing up through bushes in fruit. Pam Camp 3003 25 Apr 2007 Phenology: Flowers. with Thomas A. Dillhoff Richard G. Olmstead 04-160B 13 Dec 2004 WTU-376463 with Iris Peralta WTU-384909 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: Galium richardianum (Gillies) Endl. 17 air miles northeast of Colville, along FS Road 4668 along Rocky Creek 0.6 miles east of junction with Rocky Creek Road. ARGENTINA, MENDOZA, LUJAN DE CUYO: Elev. 3060 ft. Road to Las Crucecitas, 5 kilometers west of Provincial Route 81, 48° 40' 35" N, 117° 36' 8" W; NAD 83 west of Lujan de Cuyo. Weedy roadside and gravel bars along creek. Growing in gravel Elev. 4487 ft. along creek; uncommon. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: 33° 0.566' S, 69° 1.613' W Native. Small flowered plant (same as #04-160A). Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Ben Legler 2118 24 Jul 2004 Richard G. Olmstead 04-162 13 Dec 2004 WTU-382508 with Iris Peralta WTU-384915 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Quilomene Island. Columbia River. Sun Lakes State Park. About 20 miles north-northeast of Ephrata, 3 Elev. 584 ft. air miles southwest of Coulee City, about 100 miles east of Seattle, 47° 5.194' N, 120° 2.04' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS 1/3 air mile east of Camp Delany. Along trail to mesa top near the North-south running island to 5 meters high above river level; top. lithosolic soils interspersed with large basaltic cobble. Flowers white; T24N R28E S7 NE, SW; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: under Ulmus pumilus. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Habitat: Talus slope/sagebrush steppe ecotone. Aspect west facing; Julie Combs 107 25 Apr 2007 slope 30°. Rare; perhaps native to Europe. Phenology: Fertile. with David Giblin Origin: Native. WTU-376723 Frederica Bowcutt 2290 16 Apr 2002 WTU-364484 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: Woods Creek Natural Area along Highway 131. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: 46° 27' 42" N, 121° 57' 36" W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Sun Lakes State Park. About 3 air miles west-southwest of Coulee Source: Digital map City, 47 miles east-northeast of Soap Lake. In a disturbed area Moist conifer-deciduous forest dominated by Pseudotsuga, with around Dry Falls Visitor Center and parking lot. gravelly, grassy areas around parking lot. Local and uncommon in Elev. 1600 ft. gravel by picnic shelter; petals light pink; stems erect. Phenology: T24N R27E S1 SE, NE; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Habitat: Disturbed sagebrush steppe. Associates: Bromus tectorum, Jessica Ni 62 16 Jun 2006 Artemesia tridentata, Galium sp., Lepidium perfoliatum, Poa sp. with Ben Legler Aspect southeast; slope flat. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-367697 Jesse Dutton Miller 23 22 Apr 2005 with Bonnie E. Stack Rubiaceae WTU-364485 Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Sun Lakes State Park. Collected along Delany spring under below a Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. rock wall. Elev. 1100 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: T24N R28E S7 NE, NW; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Southwest slope above Bald Hill Lake. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Elev. 787 ft. Habitat: Sagebrush steppe (riparian zone). Associates: Poaceae 46° 49.4' N, 122° 26.5' W spp., Cornus stolonifera, Salix spp. Slope 5°, aspect west. In openings in grassland, full sun with Aira, Poa compressa; Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. meadow ringed by oak. Annual. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Ryan Crater 8 21 Apr 2005 Peter F. Zika 22779 17 Jun 2006 WTU-364477 with E. R. Alverson WTU-365238 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Sun Lakes State Park. Coulee City Quad. 140 miles east of Seattle, 95 miles north of Richland, and 5 miles southwest of Coulee City. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 500 meters south of Camp Delany Road, 100 meters west of Camp Along Yakima River 1 mile west of BNSF Dudley railroad bridge. Delany. Elev. 1700 ft. Elev. 1200 ft. 47° 5.991' N, 120° 43.437' W; T19N R17E S33 T24N R28E S7 SW, NW; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: Dry, sandy soil; level; open with patches of brush. Other plants: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Pinus ponderosa, Amelanchier alnifolia, Rosa woodsii, Eriognum Habitat: Rocky sagebrush steppe. Associates: Agropyron spicatum, elatum. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Chrysothamnus nauseosus, Poa sandbergii. Slope 10°, aspect east. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. Don Knoke 1076 5 Jul 2006 Abigail Groskopf 22 21 Apr 2005 WTU-365284 with Ryan Crater WTU-364478 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Colockum Wildlife Area. Collins Spring Canyon. South Fork Meadows along South Fork Taneum Creek, 3 air miles Upper elevation of south wall of canyon. west-southwest of junction of north and south forks of creek. Elev. 1215 ft. Elev. 3463 ft. 47° 8.847' N, 120° 0.828' W; WGS 84 47° 5' 44" N, 120° 59' 32" W; WGS 84, Source: Digital map Benches just below and into Artemisia rigida Flat, mesic to wet, open meadow with scattered Alnus, Crataegus, dominated habitat. Locally abundant at base of and cold ponds of standing water. Common in saturated soil and basalt face. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: standing water. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Barbara Williams 06-55 22 Sep 2006 Don Knoke 1241 with David Giblin, Ben Legler with David Giblin, Joe Arnett, Thomas A. Dillhoff WTU-375386 26 Apr 2007 WTU-376623, WTU-V-029587 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Colockum Wildlife Area. Collins Spring Canyon, lower half of Galium aparine L. canyon. Elev. 600 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 47° 8' 54" N, 120° 31" W; WGS 84, Source: Digital map Colockum Wildlife Area. Collins Spring Canyon. Upper elevation of Mixture of dry, thin soils, lithosols, and mesic north facing basalt south wall of canyon. face. In shade against basalt face. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Elev. 1215 ft. Origin: Native. 47° 8.847' N, 120° 0.828' W; WGS 84 Benches just below and into Artemisia rigida dominated habitat. Julie Combs 156 26 Apr 2007 Scattered in rock crevices. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-377398 Don Knoke 1275 26 Apr 2007 Rubiaceae with David Giblin, Joe Arnett, Thomas A. Dillhoff Galium serpenticum Dempster WTU-376628 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Along Tronson Ridge Trail Number 1204 circa 1 mile south of Rubiaceae trailhead off Forest Service Road 7224. 3 air miles north northeast of Swauk Pass. Galium serpenticum Dempster Elev. 4821 ft. 47° 22' 41" N, 120° 33' 48" W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 9 m. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Dry rocky south-facing ridge line with Pseudotsuga menziesii, Pinus 4.6 miles up Swakane Canyon, on canyon floor. ponderosa, Artemisia tridentata var. vaseyana. Corolla cream, Elev. 1968 ft. 4-merous; stems slightly woody at base. Scattered in clumps on dry 47° 35.043' N, 120° 22.051' W rock slope. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Base of talus; uncommon. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Maria Gerace 06-10 8 Jul 2006 with Barb Smith, Valerie Soza, Keri Cardon, Wendy Gibble, Cindy Ben Legler 2694 Spurgeon, Joe Arnett, Ben Legler 20 May 2005 WTU-374906 WTU-370345, WTU-V-029586 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Galium trifidum L. Reecer Canyon Road. Elev. 4000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 47° 11.259' N, 120° 35.427' W; WGS 84 Wenatchee National Forest. Forest Service Road #9712 towards Mixed meadow and Pseudotsuga menziesii forest. Meadow has Lion Rock; 100 meters east from junction with Forest Service Road southeastern exposure. Casual campsite off east side of road. 9716, right-hand side of road heading east; approximately 7 Meadow dominated by Lupinus and Ipomopsis. All plants past kilometers from Highway 97. flowering. Locally abundant in disturbed soil. Phenology: Fruits. Elev. 4980 ft. Origin: Native. 47° 18.275' N, 120° 35.977' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6 m., Source: GPS Mary Johanson 06-20 7 Jul 2006 One hectare wetland with small (less than 25 square meters) pool of open water; dominated by Carex; generally bog-like conditions - WTU-375098 mucky, quaking soils. Common but scattered; growing along water's edge. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Jessica Ni 104 29 Aug 2006 WTU-376489 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Along Tronsen Ridge Trail Number 1204. Swauk Meadows on west side of Forest Service Road Number 9716 Elev. 4657 ft. about 1 mile south of Swauk Pass. 47° 22' 32" N, 120° 33' 29" W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 21 m. Elev. 4400 ft. Steep dry rocky and sandy south-west facing slope; with sparse 47° 19.443' N, 120° 34.603' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 8 m. vegetation, Purshia tridenta, Artemisia tridentata, Eriogonum West-facing sloping mesic meadow dominated by Veratrum compositum, Eriogonum strictum. Common in bare dry soil. californicum, with Senecio serra, Hackelia micrantha. Common. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Stems sprawling; in dry soil. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Joe Arnett 06-107 8 Jul 2006 Richard Robohm 06-15 7 Jul 2006 with Maria Gerace, Barb Smith, Valerie Soza, Keri Cardon, Wendy with Ben Legler, Joe Arnett, Suzanne Bagshaw, Barbara Smith Gibble, Cindy Spurgeon, Ben Legler WTU-373169 WTU-374625 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Lion Rock Campground about 1/4 mile east of Lion rock Summit on Blewett Pass. Table Mountain. Elev. 4217 ft. Elev. 6200 ft. 47° 20.914' N, 120° 40.971' W 47° 15.055' N, 120° 34.919' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 17 m. On crest. Dry rocky soil. Slope gentle to 30 degree. Open forest, Gentle south facing meadows and subalpine forest, with small pine/fir. Associated plants; Pinus contorta, Pachystima myrsinites, flowing seeps. With Veratrum, Ranunculus orthorhynchus, Claytonia Arctostaphylos nevadensis, Spiraea betulifolia. Flowers pale yellow. cordifolia. Uncommon in meadow. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Common. Road bank above. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Origin: Native. Native. Barbara Smith 06-51 7 Jul 2006 Robert Goff 06-43 8 Jul 2006 with Suzanne Bagshaw, Joe Arnett, Richard Robohm, Don Knoke, Ben Legler WTU-370944 WTU-371556 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Wenatchee National Forest. Vicinity of Swauk Creek Camground. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Elev. 3257 ft. Beverly Creek Trail. 47° 19.708' N, 120° 39.196' W Elev. 4920 ft. Annual; greenish flowers. In shade at edge of forest. Phenology: 47° 24.44' N, 120° 52.53' W Fruits. Origin: Native. Serpentine, rocky moderate slope. Dry south-facing sunny slope. Pseudotsuga and Abies lasiocarpa forest. Female plant. Locally Sheila Olmstead 2006-30-A 8 Jul 2006 common. Long hairy fruit Up to 12 centimeters tall. Perennial herb; with Richard Olmstead, Richard Robohm woody only at base. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-372794 Valerie Soza 1894A 7 Jul 2006 with Sheila Olmstead, Keri Cardon, Richard G. Olmstead, Maria Gerace, Ryan Miller, Linda Brooking, Cole Brooking Rubiaceae WTU-371397 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Rubiaceae Wenatchee National Forest. Vicinity of Swauk Creek Camground. Elev. 3257 ft. Galium serpenticum Dempster 47° 19.708' N, 120° 39.196' W Annual; greenish flowers. In shade at edge of forest. Phenology: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Fruits. Origin: Native. Beverly Creek Trail. Elev. 4920 ft. Sheila Olmstead 2006-30-B 8 Jul 2006 47° 24.44' N, 120° 52.53' W with Richard Olmstead, Richard Robohm Serpentine, rocky moderate slope. Dry south-facing sunny slope. Pseudotsuga and Abies lasiocarpa forest. Male plant. Cream yellow Herbarium: WTU 4 parted flowers up to 12 centimeters. Perennial herb. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1894B 7 Jul 2006 with Sheila Olmstead, Keri Cardon, Richard G. Olmstead, Maria Gerace, Ryan Miller, Linda Brooking, Cole Brooking WTU-371398 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Wenatchee National Forest. 5 miles from U.S. Highway 97 on Forest Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Dotlet Island. Road 7200 about 2 miles south of Camas Meadows. (Camas Land). Small islet immediately west of Dot Island and connected at low tide. Elev. 3319 ft. 48° 32.013' N, 122° 33.251' W 47° 26.987' N, 120° 35.272' W 0.32 acres (measured). Exposed and open (no shrubs or trees), and Open Pine/Fir woodland. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. no geese, but some otter use on south side. Rocky, with Festuca and Elymus. Local in crevices with Selaginella. Phenology: Flowers Doug Williams 2006-12 9 Jul 2006 & Fruits. Origin: Native. with Robert Goff, Dick Olmstead, Sheila Olmstead, Maria Gerace, Cindy Spurgeon, Barb Smith Karen Reagan 07-41 1 May 2007 WTU-372381 WTU-377931

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Hat Island. Turn Island. Large island 0.25 miles off the east shore of San Juan Elev. 65 ft. Island. 48° 31.222' N, 122° 32.814' W; WGS 84 48° 31.97' N, 122° 58.22' W; NAD 83, Source: Digital map Douglas fir forested high island with steep grassy balds (Elymus Large island 1/4 mile off the east shore of San Juan Island. On glaucus, Festuca rubra, Koeleria macrantha) on south side with upper beach under madrones. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. mostly native bunch grasses and abundant Zigadenus venenosus. South grassy balds. Occasional, scattered in crevices and on rock David Giblin 1246 20 Sep 2007 outcrops. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. with Peter Dunwiddie, Megan Jensen, Phil Green, Ted Thomas Karen Reagan 07-8 1 May 2007 WTU-375715 WTU-377769 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Colville National Forest. Lake Leo shoreline and aquatic areas south of end of Forest Road 513, east side of lake. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Elev. 3280 ft. Quilomene Wildlife Refuge. Headwaters of Quilomene Creek. 48.6479° N, 117.492° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 19 m., Source: Elev. 3523 ft. GPS 47° 4.443' N, 120° 12.714' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. Edge of lake and water to 1 meter deep; Carex lanuginosa dominant Lithosol mesa dominated by Artemisia rigida, Poa secunda, and in water. Uncommon in 10 centimeter deep water along sandy Erigeron aureus. Poa bulbosa and Bromus rigidus abundant in areas shoreline. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. within 5 meters of road but do not penetrate into adjacent undisturbed areas. Locally common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Joe Arnett 07-142 6 Sep 2007 Origin: Native. with David Giblin David Giblin 936 24 May 2007 WTU-380007 WTU-377795 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Padilla Bay National Estuarine Research Reserve. Dot Island. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Elev. 69 ft. Wenatchee National Forest, base of Devil's Table. Forest Service 48° 32.0412' N, 122° 33.2112' W; Source: Digital map Road 1503; 0.1 kilometers from junction with Forest Road 1501; Sloping island with high end at north end. Rich slopes of Festuca Little Rattlesnake Creek Canyon. rubra, Plectritis, Cerastium, Camassia, and Zygadenus. Juniperus Elev. 3115 ft. are common, very shaped and stunted by salt spray, little deer 46° 46.215' N, 121° 1.005' W; WGS 84, Source: GPS browse. No geese nesting; otter use on southwest side. Common Seasonal pond surrounded by Ponderosa pine upland and and widespread in grasslands and crevices. Phenology: Flowers & dominated by Carex aquatilis. White flowers; common throughout Fruits. Origin: Native. seasonal pond. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 3781 1 May 2007 Megan A. Jensen 192 5 Jul 2007 with David Giblin, Don Knoke WTU-377225 WTU-369804 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COWLITZ COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Exit 39 on I-5 south, 1.5 air kilometers south of Rocky Point, east of East Sucia #3, circa 30 feet north of East Sucia #2. Cowlitz River. 48.76451° N, 122.88758° W Elev. 49 ft. Sandstone rock knob with cliffs on all sides. Riser 20 feet above 46° 9.4' N, 122° 54.2' W cove. 0.014 acres. Occasional scattered in vegetation patches on Dry roadside gravel, full sun, with Hypochaeris, Trifolium repens, bedrock. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Anthoxanthum. Common annual. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Joe Arnett 08-18 25 Apr 2008 Peter F. Zika 23080 27 Jun 2007 WTU-377169 WTU-367355 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: East Sucia #2. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: 48.76435° N, 122.88798° W; Source: GPS Wenatchee National Forest. Swamp Lake, west side of lake. Circa 15 feet above water, soil covered nob, connected (north of) Elev. 2402 ft. East Sucia #1 by sandy bern. Has a soil nob at west end, west 47.31105° N, 121.30075° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS beach separating the two. 0.03 acres (GPS). A few plants. West side of lake in Carex dominated meadow with water to 1.5 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. meters deep running in channels. Common in elevated soils; annual. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Pam Camp 08-11 23 Apr 2008 Don Knoke 1501 13 Sep 2007 WTU-377524 with David Giblin, Barbara Williams, Megan A. Jensen WTU-375089 Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Little Sucia Island, off the southwest corner of Sucia Island. 48° 45.283' N, 122° 55.198' W; Source: GPS U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SOLANO COUNTY: Includes forested uplands (circa 80 feet high) with shrub understory, Pleasants Valley Road, 0.5 mile south of State steep sandstone cliffs, eroding dirt bluffs. Linked by a low, Highway 128. shrub-covered (Rosa nutkana) shell-midden berm. Scattered, Gently rolling rangeland, rocky clay soil. widespread on slopes and under shrubs. Phenology: Flowers. Growing in partial shade of grassy slope; trailing Origin: Native. herb, white corollas. [Located in teaching collection]. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Erica Nees 08-49 23 Apr 2008 Native. WTU-377725 Richard H. Ramsey 1 17 Mar 1961 Rubiaceae WTU-273996, WTU-V-006475 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae East Sucia #4. 48.76435° N, 122.88718° W; Source: GPS Galium aparine L. 40 feet high sandstone rock with mostly overhanging cliffs around all sides. Heavily vegetated across top, with diverse meadows, thickets, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: and some Pseudotsuga and Juniperus. 0.21 acres. Uncommon Seattle, Herring's House Park, western bank of Duwamish River. around vegetated area. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 47.510421°, -122.294435°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff David Giblin 1439 25 Apr 2008 In or near northern end of park, a restoration area. Restoration area includes upland and estuary areas. Not common in restoration area. WTU-377137 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Jeff Walker 57 8 Jun 2003 Rubiaceae WTU-370027 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: East Sucia #6. 48.76422° N, 122.88631° W; Source: GPS A high, cliffy sandstone island, cliffs all around, Juniperus over top of island. 0.55 acres. Occasional in vegetation patches. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Erica Nees 08-60 25 Apr 2008 WTU-377177 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: East Sucia #7. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. 48.76398° N, 122.88579° W; Source: GPS Turn Island. Large island 0.25 miles off the east shore of San Juan The largest island in the chain. Forested with Arbutus, Juniperus, Island. Pseudotsuga, with shrub understory. Height of 50 feet or so. 48° 31.98' N, 122° 58.22' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., Source: Occasional, in grassy areas. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. GPS On dry rocks. Frequent under Pseudotsuga. Phenology: Flowers. Megan A. Jensen 584 25 Apr 2008 Origin: Native. WTU-393226 Eliza Habegger EH1149 29 May 2008 WTU-395193 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Along Taneum Lake Trail, off Forest Road 3100, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: 400 yards from trailhead. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Elev. 5377 ft. Small islet just off the southwest shore of Turn Island. 47° 8.81' N, 121° 2.091' W; T19N R14W S12; 48° 31.87' N, 122° 58.22' W; NAD 83, Source: Digital map WGS 84 Several Juniperus, one Pseudotsuga menziesii; open, weedy Dry, gravelly soil; 30º northeast-facing open grassland understory. A few plants. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. slope. Other plants: Pseudotsuga menziesii, Origin: Native. Ribes viscosissimum, Antennaria racemosa. Fruit; locally common. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Thor Hanson TH92 29 May 2008 Native. WTU-394635 Don Knoke 1477 16 Aug 2007 Rubiaceae WTU-370573, WTU-V-029458 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: North Finger Island. Rubiaceae Elev. 0-65 ft. 48° 45' 24.18" N, 122° 53' 27.64" W Galium aparine L. 0.8 mile-long island dominated by Pseudotsuga menziesii overstory. Coastal bluff habitat on south and extreme eastern edge of island. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Common throughout island. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Ewing Island. Long, narrow island off NE end of Sucia Island. Steep Native. sandstone ridges run length of island. 48.76455° N, 122.88093° W; WGS 84, Source: Digital map David Giblin 1463 12 May 2008 Mostly forested with PSME, ARME, and JUMA. Grassy balds along south shore and at east end of island. Frequent and widespread in WTU-385935 forests. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Janneke Hille-Ris Lambers JHRL 08-23 28 May 2008 Rubiaceae WTU-396003 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Rubiaceae Babcock Bench. Elev. 724 ft. Galium aparine L. 47.16837° N, 119.99768° W; uncertainty: 7 m. Wet meadow at base of basalt cliff; perhaps former homestead. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Locally common in mesic area. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Flint Beach Island. Tad Dillhoff 08-3 29 Apr 2008 Elev. 49 ft. 48° 25.202' N, 122° 52.036' W; Source: Specimen label WTU-380777 A few plants in a shrub patch. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Janneke Hille-Ris Lambers JHRL 08-79 30 May 2008 WTU-393232 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium parisiense L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: United States Department of the Interior, Bureau of Land Beatty Creek RNA, Roseburg BLM, 10 air miles SW of town of Management land. Douglas Canyon. Vicinity of parking area at base Myrtle creek. of Slack Canyon. Elev. 900 ft. Elev. 1584 ft. T30S R6W S31 NW1/4; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: 47.49858° N, 119.91239° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4 m. TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler South-facing basalt rimrock slope dominated by Artemisia tridentata Disturbed meadow, near riparian zone masking influence of and Pseudoroegneria spicata; Douglas Creek riparian zone at base serpentine bedrock. White flowers, erect, weed. Phenology: Flowers. of slope. Occasional in seasonally moist areas in scree. Phenology: Origin: Introduced. Fruits. Origin: Native. P. F. Zika 10326 19 May 1987 Megan A. Jensen 681 22 May 2008 with David Giblin WTU-372278 WTU-382744 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Galium serpenticum Dempster U.S.A., OREGON, TILLAMOOK COUNTY: Cascade Head TNC preserve. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: Elev. 1000 ft. United States Department of the Interior, Bureau T6S R11W S14; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, of Land Management land. Douglas Canyon. Georef'd by Ben Legler Vicinity of parking area at base of Slack Weed in south-facing prairie, edge of Alnus rubra forest. Phenology: Canyon. Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Elev. 1584 ft. 47.49858° N, 119.91239° W; WGS 84, Peter F. Zika 9719H 25 Jun 1986 uncertainty: 4 m. South-facing basalt rimrock slope dominated by WTU-373399 Artemisia tridentata and Pseudoroegneria spicata; Douglas Creek riparian zone at base of slope. Locally common; growing from talus. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. Megan A. Jensen 696 with David Giblin U.S.A., OREGON, TILLAMOOK COUNTY: Lower trail access to Cascade Head TNC preserve. 22 May 2008 Elev. 328 ft. T6S R11W S14; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, WTU-380947, WTU-V-029589 Georef'd by Ben Legler Deep shade of Picea sitchensis. Prostrate. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae P. F. Zika 9787 13 Jul 1986 Galium serpenticum Dempster WTU-373529 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Oak Creek Canyon. South side of Oak Creek. Elev. 2304 ft. Rubiaceae 46.72625°, -120.85255°; WGS 84, Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by WTU Staff Galium trifidum L. North-facing grassland slope interspersed occasionally with Pinus ponderosa and U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Pseudotsuga menziesii; Purshia, Artemisia West Ellensburg Park, Ellensburg. tridentata and Pseudoroegneria spicata Elev. 1518 ft. dominant. Common in talus area among rocks. 46° 59.76' N, 120° 33.941' W; T17N R18E S3; WGS 84 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Wet soil at edge of pond. Natural pond area. Other plants: Typha latifolia, Bidens frondosa, Salix exigua, Alisma plantago-aquatica. David Giblin 1670 Fruit dark, common. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. with Don Knoke Don Knoke 1736 24 Sep 2008 10 Jun 2008 WTU-373914 WTU-379954, WTU-V-029588 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. San Juan Islands. Posey Island. Flower Island, east of Lopez Island. Elev. 20 ft. Elev. 49 ft. 48° 37.104' N, 123° 10.052' W 48.54536° N, 122.8539° W Low, one acre island with campsites, outhouse, fire pits. Heavily Several hectare, 50' high bedrock island. A mix of grassy ledges, used, with deer grating. Mostly highly disturbed. Frequent and shrub thickets, a few trees (Arbutus, Pseudotsuga, low Quercus). A widespread in shady areas. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: patch near north end of island. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Phil Green 08-110 25 Sep 2008 Hannah Marx 09-60 28 May 2009 WTU-395431 WTU-394978 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Pole Island. Tiny island in the middle of Mosquito Big Lookout Mountain. Pass. Elev. 6028 ft. Elev. 3 ft. 44° 36' 17" N, 117° 16' 1.7" W 48° 36.056' N, 123° 10.096' W Cool and moist. With Symphoricarpos sp., Agastache urticifolia, Island is 0.21 acres, measured with GPS. Bedrock is limestone. Stellaria jamesiana, Pseudotsuga meziesii, Taraxacum, Frequent in thickets. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Hydrophullum, Collomsa, Poa, Claytonia, Osmorhiza chilensis, Galium aparine. Descurainia, Nemophila and Hackellia. Forb, David Giblin 2841 28 May 2009 0.03-0.15 meters tall. Not in flower. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-393550 B. Jones OR030-30 18 Jul 2006 with L. Kangas Rubiaceae WTU-374844 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Rubiaceae U.S. BLM parcel along Glenwood Highway. Land adjacent to and above Klickitat River. Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Elev. 1118 ft. 45.94635° N, 121.11401° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: GPS South shore of Portage Bay; Montlake, Seattle. Quercus garryana/Pinus ponderosa overstory with large cobble and Elev. 16 ft. Carex geyeri understory. Scattered in east-facing cliff. Phenology: T25N R4E S20; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Flowers. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Ben Legler Garden dump, partial shade, thickets. White flowers, rhizomatous. David Giblin 2663 11 May 2009 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. with Steve Hahn P. F. Zika 15891 17 Apr 2001 WTU-377388 WTU-374730 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Flattop Island. Weed Point on northeast end of U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Flattop Island; northern part of San Juan Archipelago. San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge and Wilderness Area. Elev. 10 ft. Willow Island. A large, 100' high rocky island 1/3 mile west of Blakely 48° 38.871' N, 123° 4.707' W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2 m. Island. Rocky open point, treeless, with thin soil, with Rosa nutkana, Elev. 100 ft. Grindelia, Lathyrus japonicus, grasses. Locally common on gravelly 48.5402° N, 122.82242° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS shore. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Partially treed with Pseudotsuga and Arbutus. Open understory dominated by Elymus glaucus and Symphoricarpos albus. East side Peter Dunwiddie 09-96 23 Sep 2009 has extensive cliffs and ledges and is particularly rich with ferns. Considerable deer browse. Rock appears to be serpentine. Common WTU-398321 in forest understory. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rick Dillhoff 09-32 22 Apr 2009 WTU-393208 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Ruby Mountain. Lower slope. Gardner's Lake. Quesnel. T35N R25E S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Boggy shore. [Collector number may be 9048]. Phenology: Fruits. Georef'd by Ben Legler Origin: Native. Dry ponderosa pine and Douglas fir forest. Associated with rose and snowberry. Rocky. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. T. M. C. Taylor 9049 3 Aug 1949 Pam Camp 473 27 Jun 1980 WTU-375927 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium mollugo L. U.S.A., OREGON, CLATSOP COUNTY: Julia Butler Hanson Refuge for the Columbia White-tailed Deer. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Island off the east tip of Tenasillahe Island. Klickitat River roadside. Elev. 0 ft. T6N R13E S10; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, 46.20953° N, 123.43145° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. Georef'd by Ben Legler Sandy-shored island with freshwater intertidal wetland and dredge Ponderosa pine forest with Ceanothus velutinus, Balsamorhiza spoils habitat. Periphery of wetland dominated by Populus and Salix. caryana and Calamagrostis rubescens in the understory. Phenology: Common in marsh vegetation understory. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. Native. Pam Camp 1385 19 Jul 2000 Cathy Maxwell 08-45 9 Sep 2008 with Joe Arnett, Kathleen Sayce, David Giblin Herbarium: WTU WTU-395917 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Fisher Hill Road, about 1.5 kilometers past where road crosses U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Klickitat River. First in a series of switchbacks; pullout on west side Near old log deck 1/4 mile southeast of junction of Taneum Ridge of road. Trail and Forest Road 3300. Elev. 383 ft. Elev. 4194 ft. 45.72263° N, 121.25636° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., 47° 6.275' N, 121° 0.705' W; T19N R15E S28; WGS 84 Source: GPS Moist, black soil; 10º southeast-facing slope; open timber. Other Steep hillside with rocky outcropping and adjacent Quercus garryana plants: Senecio serra, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Rosa gymnocarpa, forest. Scattered in dry creek bed at road edge. Phenology: Fruits. Luina nardosmia. Flowers white; common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. David Giblin 2725 13 May 2009 Don Knoke 1894 7 Jul 2009 with Steve Hahn WTU-379910 WTU-378339 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: Wood Road. Ruby Mountain. Elev. 16 ft. T35N R25E S30; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, In cranberry fields, full sun. Flowers white, 3(4)-merous, straggling, Georef'd by Ben Legler not erect, common adventive. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Southwest aspect, 30% slope near cow lake. Douglas fir and Native. ponderosa pine associated. Also some aspen. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Peter F. Zika 13814 15 Jun 1999 P. Camp 554 15 Jul 1980 WTU-379458 WTU-376248 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Western Nanaimo R. Valley. Elev. 1000 ft. 49° 5' N, 124° 21' W Black muck. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. D. Mueller-Dombois 100-5 28 Jun 1956 WTU-375919 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Hosmer-Wheeler mine site, southeastern British Columbia. Lake Keechelus. Northwestern edge of lake. Elev. 3398 ft. Starting from boat ramp and heading 2 49° 40' N, 114° 58' W kilometers northwest between shoreline and Wet meadow. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. stream leading in. Elev. 2482 ft. R. McLachlin s.n. 14 Jul 1976 47.3819° N, 121.38618° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. WTU-375920 Seasonally exposed marsh resulting from lake draw down. Carex, Juncus, Equisetum dominant herbs, Salix dominant shrub. Scattered in Rubiaceae moistest areas; annual? Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium serpenticum Dempster Jim Duemmel 21-08 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: with Don Knoke, David Giblin Ruby Mountain. T35N R25E S31; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 19 Sep 2008 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler LOwer slope, dry ponderosa pine and Douglas WTU-400921, WTU-V-007439 fir forest, associated with rose and snowberry, rocky. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. P. Camp 473 Rubiaceae 27 Jun 1980 Galium boreale L. WTU-376484, WTU-V-029590 U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Windy Ridge Research Natural Area. Upslope area to east of Forest Road 672. Elev. 6764 ft. Rubiaceae 46.13425° N, 113.34479° W Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. Jeff Benca 08-47 13 Jul 2008 U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: with Don Knoke, Ryan Miller, Hannah Marx, Julia Bent Eugene BLM land on west bank of Long Tom canal, one air mile south of Meadowview/Franklin Road. WTU-395288 Elev. 350 ft. T16S R5W S33 NE; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Rubiaceae Ditch. White flowers, three petals. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. P. F. Zika 10499 21 Jun 1988 U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: WTU-379097 Deerlodge National Forest. Sand Basin. Near junction of Forest Service Roads 5070 and 5071, along Sand Creek. Elev. 6260 ft. Rubiaceae 46.2° N, 113.70377° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Sandy mesic meadow along Sand Creek bordered by Pinus contorta Galium palustre L. forest. Common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Julia Bent 28 11 Jul 2008 Klickitat River Roadside. T6N R13E S10; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., WTU-394060 Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Ponderosa pine forest. With Balsamorhiza caryana and Calamagrostis rubescens in the Rubiaceae understory. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Galium boreale L. P. Camp 1385 U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Lolo National Forest. Research Natural Area. Junction of Road 38 19 Jun 2000 and Moffet Gulch Road. Elev. 5460 ft. WTU-376485, WTU-V-50701 46.23473° N, 113.57106° W; T6N R16W S35; WGS 84 Juniper, bunchgrass upland community. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Brianne Cohen 021 11 Jul 2008 WTU-394706 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Deerlodge National Forest. Moose Meadow area along Forest Lolo National Forest, Harry's Flat campground. Service Road 5072. 46.53459° N, 113.75323° W; WGS 84 Elev. 5717 ft. 4 leaves/whorl. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46.1372° N, 113.5908° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. Wet and mesic meadow areas bordering stream to 2 meters wide Patricia Lu-Irving 708-006 11 Jul 2008 winding through dry Pinus contorta forest; Carex utriculata common. Scattered along dry forest slope bordering meadow. Phenology: WTU-394715 Flowers. Origin: Native. Julia Gertsen 08-1 13 Jul 2008 Rubiaceae WTU-394485 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Rubiaceae Lolo National Forest, Harry's Flat campground. 46.53459° N, 113.75323° W; WGS 84 Galium triflorum Michx. 6 leaves/whorl. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Patricia Lu-Irving 708-013 11 Jul 2008 Butte Creek, two miles up creek from Rock Creek. Trail ends at 46.51519 N, 113.73225 W. WTU-394711 Elev. 4453-4842 ft. 46.51036° N, 113.73225° W Uneven area between creek and talus slopes. Soil moist, rocky. Rubiaceae Associated species: Picea engelmannii, Aster radulinus, Philadelphus lewisii, Symphoricarpos albus, Physocarpus. White Galium triflorum Michx. flowers; green fruit; common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, WALLOWA COUNTY: Wallowa-Whitman National Forest. Lostine River Road, end of road. Hannah Marx 08-24 12 Jul 2008 Elev. 5720 ft. 45° 15.031' N, 117° 22.497' W; T4S R43E S13 WTU-395895 Hillside rocky meadow (granitic); lush greenery - grasses, sedges, and annuals. Aspen understory. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Jessie Johanson 128 21 Jul 2002 Galium boreale L. with Joe Johanson, David Giblin, Ken Davis, Robert Goff, Cindy Spurgeon U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Butte Creek, two miles up creek from Rock Creek. Trail ends at WTU-381455 46.51519 N, 113.73225 W. Elev. 4453-4842 ft. 46.51036° N, 113.73225° W Rubiaceae Uneven area between creek and talus slopes. Soil moist, rocky. Associated species: Picea engelmannii, Aster radulinus, Galium aparine L. Philadelphus lewisii, Symphoricarpos albus, Physocarpus. White flowers; common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: North Columbia Basin Wildlife Area. Billy Clapp Hannah Marx 08-50 12 Jul 2008 Lake, west side of lake. Elev. 1416 ft. WTU-395865 47.4528° N, 119.25317° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m. Sandy areas with basalt rimrock outcropping; Rubiaceae shrub-steppe community previously, but evidence of recent fire. Annual; white flowers; Galium boreale L. locally common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: Lolo National Forest. Rock Creek Canyon. Turnout for Microburst Kelsey Byers 09-8 interpretive sign. 46° 26' 39.03" N, 113° 45' 41.42" W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., 3 May 2009 Source: Digital map Mixture of mesic and dry meadows along Rock Creek, bordered by WTU-400743, WTU-V-007252 south-facing, dry rocky slope. Scattered in mesic areas of meadow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Hanh-La Phan 08-17 12 Jul 2008 WTU-396131 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SPOKANE COUNTY: Northrup Canyon. Riverside State Park, north side of Spokane River. Elev. 1826 ft. T25N R42E S3; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, 47° 52' 13" N, 119° 4' 26" W; WGS 84 Georef'd by Ben Legler Ponderosa pine woodland, sagebrush openings; granitic substrate, Dry open Douglas fir-ponderosa pine forest with bluebunch talus slope; creek flowing along bottom of slopes. Phenology: wheatgrass, bitterbrush, sagebrush, and rose. Phenology: Flowers. Vegetative. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. Brianne Cohen 09-10 2 May 2009 P. Camp 2054 15 Aug 1981 WTU-397654 WTU-381348

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Just below west end of Dry Falls Dam. Tyhee Lake Ridge. Coast mountains, foothills. Elev. 1508 ft. Elev. 2410 ft. 47.62542°, -119.33154°; WGS 84, 54° 41' 40" N, 127° W uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GeoLocate, Rocky mountain juniper savanna and Saskatoon wheatgrass scrub Georef'd by WTU Staff steppe, with herb rich aspen areas. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Scattered willows and pools, with immature Native. Carex praegracilis. White flowers; clingy. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. P. Camp 1499 28 Jul 2001 Robert Goff 09-21 WTU-381380 2 May 2009 Rubiaceae WTU-400710, WTU-V-007217 Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Rubiaceae Pseudotsuga menziesii forest near trail between Lottie Bay and Pass Lake in Deception Pass State Park. Galium aparine L. 48.41431° N, 122.64775° W; T34N R1E S23 Growing in Pseudotsuga menziesii forest near trail between Lottie U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Bay and Pass Lake in Deception Pass State Park. Phenology: Along Forest Road 33 about 1 mile west of end of county road Remnants. Origin: Native. (Taneum Road). Elev. 2184 ft. Jeff Walker 470 12 Jun 2010 47° 5.84' N, 120° 49' W; T19N R16E S34; WGS 84 Dry, gravelly soil at roadside. Other plants: Rosa woodsii, Populus WTU-381650 trichocarpa, Clematis lingusticifolia, Purshia tridentata. Flowers white; common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Don Knoke 1887 19 Jun 2009 Galium boreale L. WTU-381017 U.S.A., OREGON, UMATILLA COUNTY: Blue Mountains. Umatilla National Forest. About 20 kilometers east Rubiaceae of Ukiah on State Highway 244. Bear Wallow Campground, site #5. 45° 11' 3" N, 118° 45' 4" W Galium aparine L. Pinus contorta, Larix sp. overstory; Symphoricarpos, Arctostaphylos, Festuca understory. Corollas white; common; growing in loose U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: masses; rhizomatous. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Ross Lake National Recreation Area. Lightning Creek north along along trail to Desolation Peak, approximately 2 kilometers from David Giblin 04-123 1 Aug 2004 campground. Elev. 1754 ft. WTU-382697 48.87638° N, 121.01951° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m., Source: GPS South-west facing bald dominated by Zigadenus venenosus and Pseudoroegneria spicata; bald interspersed with several vernally moist areas. Scattered across bald in moist and dry areas; flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Jim Duemmel 10-25 11 May 2010 WTU-381869 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Junction of 10 and 1010 roads, Umatilla North Sakhalin Island; west side of Cape Yelizabety; drainage in National Forest. between Muni and Nala Rivers. 44.922045°, -118.82757°; uncertainty: 400 m. 54° 22.545' N, 142° 40.619' E Opening in trees with shrubs, grass, forbs. In and along small creek; Betula, Pinus dominant, herb/forb Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. understory with Sambucus, Sorbus, Petasites and Filipendula. On creek bank; white flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. David Gross 620 Kari Stiles 2001-89 7 Aug 2001 5 Jul 2010 WTU-391467 WTU-382584, WTU-V-029558 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ruthenicum Willd. Galium serpenticum Dempster RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: North Sakhalin Island; west side of Cape Yelizabety; drainage in U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: between Muni and Nala Rivers. Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. About 1 kilometer below 54° 22.545' N, 142° 40.619' E Mad River Trailhead junction on Forest Service road. Meadow next to river near beach; protected nook in ravine (50 feet Elev. 3800 ft. wide); below exposed slope. Yellow flowers; in disturbed soil along 47.82581° N, 120.59873° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., creek. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: Digital map Roadside cut along Forest Service road; southwestern aspect; Kari Stiles 2001-98 7 Aug 2001 scattered rocky seeps. On thin soil over rock. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-391472 David Giblin 2977 23 Jun 2009 with Ben Legler Rubiaceae WTU-397714 Galium boreale L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Rubiaceae North Sakhalin Island; west side of Cape Yelizabety; drainage in between Muni and Nala Rivers. Galium sp. 54° 22.245' N, 142° 40.619' E Exposed scree/sandy slope above beach and river; plants collected U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: on exposed ocean side of slope and protected southwest facing About 2.2 miles northwest of Rainier, and 6.2 air miles northwest of slope; herb/forb vegetation with scattered Pinus and Sorbus. White Tenino, about 13 air miles southeast of Olympia. Tenalquot Prairie, flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. off of Rainier Road. About 300 feet southwest of entrance gate. Elev. 463 ft. Kari Stiles 2001-113 8 Aug 2001 46° 54.05' N, 122° 43.87' W; T17N R1E S31 Prairie with scattered Pseudotsuga menziesii. Associates: Camassia WTU-390826 quamash, Teesdalia nudicaulis, Pseudotsuga menziesii, bryophytes. Slope: flat. Flowers minute, white, bisexual, short and pediculate, terminal of axillary; plant annual. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae H. Brae 26 15 May 2009 Galium trifidum L. with A. Lindberg, M. Treasure, J. Politsch, L. Plomski RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: WTU-383397 Northwest Sakhalin Island; near Moskal'vo Village; environs of Bolshoye Lake. 53° 27.324' N, 141° 30.179' E Rubiaceae Bog between lake and beach dunes; standing water and moss mats; dunes along edge of bog. White flowers; in bog. Phenology: Flowers. Galium physocarpum Ledeb. Origin: Native. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Kari Stiles 2001-215 13 Aug 2001 Molchiga Lake. Elev. 29 ft. WTU-391458 54° 20.3' N, 142° 26.345' E Lakeside; beach end of lake; plants collected in gravelly shore or along driftwood lining shore. White flowers; on bank on edge of lake, tucked in with woody debris. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Kari Stiles 2001-74 6 Aug 2001 WTU-391066 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Northwest Sakhalin Island; near Moskal'vo Village; environs of Southeast Moneron Island; environs of creek and drainage basin; Bolshoye Lake. near Poyasnoy Islands. Elev. 60 ft. Elev. 1026 ft. 53° 37.698' N, 142° 29.079' E 46° 14.728' N, 141° 15.344' E Dunes and sandy meadows; plants have large, moundy habit. White North-facing slope with Betula thicket; dense herb understory. In flowers; in meadow and on disturbed soil. Phenology: Flowers. fruit; underneath and around edges of Betula thicket; plants 1-2 feet Origin: Native. tall; thick patches of Galium (also sparsely scattered through bamboo meadows). Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Kari Stiles 2001-229 13 Aug 2001 Kari Stiles 2001-396 24 Aug 2001 WTU-391475 WTU-391961 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium verum L. Galium mollugo L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Taliki River. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Elev. 103 ft. Southern part of Sakhalin Island, on Sea of Okhotsk side. Environs 54° 16.483' N, 142° 49.111' E of Sokol Village. East of town in Belaya River Valley. South and west facing slopes above beach; exposed gravel hillside Elev. 167 ft. on east side of slope; Pinus/Empetrum meadows on south facing 47° 14.617' N, 142° 46.871' E slope. Yellow flowers; plants at edge of disturbed soil. Phenology: Open meadow and environs. Near base camp. Tall grasses Flowers. Origin: Native. dominant, with other pockets of vegetation. White flowers. Growing in clumps of other herbs. Common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Kari Stiles 2001-274 14 Aug 2001 Native. WTU-391464 Suzanne Joneson 2672 18 Jul 2001 WTU-392048 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ruthenicum Willd. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Southeast Sakhalin Island; Cape Menaputsy. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: 46° 23.177' N, 143° 36.511' E Southern part of Sakhalin Island. Environs of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Steep grassy slopes running from beach up to bluff and flat plateau; Approximately 6 kilometers east of town on road past Pionerskaya herbs and forbs. Yellow flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. and reservoir. Rogatka River valley. Elev. 1476 ft. Kari Stiles 2001-336 21 Aug 2001 46° 58.914' N, 142° 49.528' E Betula and Fraxinus forest. Sasa dominant in understory. Occasional WTU-391953 Pinus pumila in understory. In flower (white) and fruit. Common along small stream. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Suzanne Joneson 2830 22 Jul 2001 Galium ruthenicum Willd. WTU-391891 RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Southeast coast of Moneron Island; between Poyasnoy and Rubiaceae Vostochnyye Islands. 46° 14.62' N, 141° 15.213' E Galium triflorum Michx. Road cut; exposed soil; low herbs and forbs on sloping hillside. In roadcut, disturbed soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Southern part of Sakhalin Island. Environs of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk. Kari Stiles 2001-372 23 Aug 2001 Approximately 6 kilometers east of town on road past Pionerskaya and reservoir. Rogatka River valley. WTU-390889 Elev. 1476 ft. 46° 58.914' N, 142° 49.528' E Betula and Fraxinus forest. Sasa dominant in understory. Occasional Rubiaceae Pinus pumila in understory. In flower (white) and fruit. On forest floor. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium boreale L. Suzanne Joneson 2831 22 Jul 2001 RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Southeast coast of Moneron Island; between Poyasnoy and WTU-391892 Vostochnyye Islands. 46° 14.62' N, 141° 15.213' E Road cut; exposed soil; low herbs and forbs on sloping hillside. In roadcut, disturbed soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Kari Stiles 2001-373 23 Aug 2001 WTU-390888 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium ruthenicum Willd. Galium mollugo L. RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Northern part of Sakhalin Island. West of Cape Yelizavety, near Sakhalin Island, central part; circa 6 kilometers north-northwest of mouth of Toy River. Tymovskoye and 2 kilometers southwest of Voskressnovka, on east Elev. 98 ft. bank of Tym River. 54° 20.283' N, 142° 38.33' E Elev. 328 ft. Open meadow above beach cliff. Flowers yellow. Common. 50° 53' 26.22" N, 142° 38' 33.12" E Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Cut hay fields and deciduous riparian forest of Populus, Salix. Flowers white; stems clustered, erect; in field. Phenology: Flowers. Suzanne Joneson 3094A 5 Aug 2001 Origin: Native. WTU-391804 Ben Legler 1003 29 Jul 2003 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Galium trifidum L. Northern tip of Sakhalin Island. From unnamed river north of Muni River, to Cape Bakianiy. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Elev. 0 ft. Highway 410, 0.5 kilometers west of junction with Highway 12. Small 54° 23.624' N, 142° 39.734' E beaver pond on south side of road. Meadows and cliffs along beach. Flowers white. Growing in small Elev. 1600 ft. sloughing meadow along beach. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 46.74789° N, 120.79131° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. Shallow pond to two meters deep with Carex and Salix. Locally Suzanne Joneson 3138 7 Aug 2001 common on edge of pond. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-390601 David Giblin 3116 14 Aug 2009 with Don Knoke Rubiaceae WTU-388631 Galium ruthenicum Willd. Rubiaceae RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Northeast part of Sakhalin Island. Sea of Okhotsk side. Environs of Galium aparine L. Taliki River. Elev. 127 ft. U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: 54° 16.612' N, 142° 48.749' E Malheur National Forest. Forest Service Road Windswept hillside above lake. Scrubby Pinus pumila no more than 2610, where road ends; approximately 8 1 meter tall, with open patches of Empetrum, herbs, and lichens. kilometers from intersection with Highway 26. Flowers yellow. Common in open areas. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: 44.5478° N, 118.6258° W; WGS 84, Source: Native. Digital map South-facing slope dominated by Pinus Suzanne Joneson 3383 14 Aug 2001 ponderosa and Pseudotsuga menziesii. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-391442 Paul Reed 33 Rubiaceae 17 Jul 2010 Galium boreale L. WTU-403660, WTU-V-012829 RUSSIAN FEDERATION, SAKHALIN REGION: Northeast part of Sakhalin Island. Sea of Okhotsk side. Environs of Longri River, south of Cape Longri. Rubiaceae Elev. 0 ft. 54° 1.728' N, 142° 58.052' E Galium triflorum Michx. Flat meadow near beach, on old river plateau. Flowers white, almost past. Frequent. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Malheur National Forest. Trout Farm Suzanne Joneson 3403 16 Aug 2001 Campground. 15 miles southeast of Prairie City, Oregon. WTU-391439 Elev. 4933 ft. 44.30439° N, 118.5518° W In wet areas along creek. Trailing; greenish flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Richard G. Olmstead 2010-20 15 Jul 2010 WTU-400901, WTU-V-007420 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: North Fork Malheur; Forest Road 16. Malheur National Forest. Approximately 1 kilometer west of Big Approximately 20 miles southeast of Prairie Creek Campground parking lot. City, Oregon. Elev. 5016 ft. Elev. 4995 ft. 44.18552° N, 118.62089° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., 44.25873° N, 118.39942° W Source: GPS Lodgepole pine and larch woodland with wet Wet meadow dominated by Carex and Juncus with interspersed meadows along river. White flowers. Phenology: areas of Pinus contorta. Infrequent in mucky soil in Pinus ponderosa Flowers. Origin: Native. understory. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Jim Duemmel 10-303 Russ Holmes 10-111 16 Jul 2010 18 Jul 2010 WTU-388950 WTU-403375, WTU-V-011654 Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH Galium multiflorum Kellogg COUNTY: Mt. Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest: U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: northeast shore of Barclay Lake, north of Baring West summit of Mount Baldy. Mountain. Elev. 7229 ft. Elev. 2430 ft. 44.34297° N, 118.80917° W 47.785322° N, 121.42696° W; WGS 84, Shallow rocky soil on summit ridge. Greenish uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital Map, flowers; (mostly) male only. Phenology: Flowers. Georef'd by Ben Legler Origin: Native. Montane conifer forest of Tsuga heterophylla, Abies amabilis, with shady understory and small Sharon Birks 2010-48 rivulets. Plants sprawling in wet soil under shrubs, about 20 stems counted. Phenology: 16 Jul 2010 Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-403310, WTU-V-011589 Ben Legler 11862 3 Oct 2010 Rubiaceae WTU-407118, WTU-V-020320 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster Malheur National Forest. Big Creek Campground. Off Road 815 on Forest Service Road 16. U.S.A., IDAHO, BLAINE COUNTY: Elev. 5150 ft. Sawtooth National Forest: along Trail Creek 44.18672° N, 118.61591° W Road (Forest Service Road 408) ca. 0.5 miles Ponderosa pine/lodgepole pine woodland, open campsites, dry soil; southeast of Trail Creek Summit. also wetter, shady area by creek. Locally abundant in dense patches Elev. 2348 m. by creek in shady moist areas. Rhizomatous; flowers white. 43.816299° N, 114.257837° W; WGS 84, Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. uncertainty: 4 m., Source: GPS, Georef'd by Ben Legler Ian Shelley 10-5 17 Jul 2010 Loose, fine scree slope; northwest aspect; sparsely vegetated with Penstemon, Phacelia. WTU-387810 Flowers pale cream-colored; stems in clumps; plants scattered. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Ben Legler 12115 Galium trifidum L. 6 Aug 2011 U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Malheur National Forest. Road to Lake Creek from County Road 16. WTU-410260, WTU-V-024261 East side of road. Elev. 5130 ft. 44.1908° N, 118.63672° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6 m., Source: GPS Wet meadow dominated by Carex and Juncus with Pinus contorta along the edges. Scattered in Pinus contorta understory. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. John Luginbuhl 10-3 16 Jul 2010 WTU-392599 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Squilchuck. Chadwick Hill, 8 miles southeast of Lopez Village, Lopez Island. Elev. 2800 ft. Elev. 455 ft. T21N R20E S8; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, T34N R1W S16 S 1/2; WGS 84, uncertainty: 800 m., Source: Georef'd by Ben Legler Georeferenced, Georef'd by WTU Staff Growing in the Douglas fir forest. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Summit of hill. Rocky soil, shelter of Pseudotsua [sic: Pseudotsuga] Native. menziesii. Associates: some Cerastium arvense, a few Grindelia integrifolia. Flowers white. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. P. Camp 1800 26 Jun 2004 Dorothy Naas 5709 16 May 1995 WTU-385401 WTU-387136 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Vendovi Island. 48.6094° N, 122.6065° W; WGS 84, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital map Western Colville National Forest and vicinity: Little Round Top Interior of island, under Pseudotsuga, Thuja, Mountain: Middle Fork Mill Creek, circa 9 road miles northeast of Acer macrophyllum canopy. Occasional, mostly Colville on Aladdin Route. scattered along trails in forest. Phenology: Elev. 2300-3300 ft. Fruits. Origin: Native. T36N R40E S15 NW; T36N R40E S16 NE; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Peter Dunwiddie PD-2011-205 Cedar at creekside; mixed Douglas fir forest, and aspen groves on lower slopes; Douglas fir, ponderosa pine and larch with pinegrass 10 Sep 2011 and ninebark on upper slopes; rock outcrops of shale/slate. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-404036, WTU-V-012214 Jean Wood 859 5 Jun 1995 WTU-387135 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Galium aparine L. Colockum Wildlife Area. Near top of Stray Gulch. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Elev. 1215 m. Western Colville National Forest and vicinity: Sherman Creek 47.17925° N, 120.2135° W; WGS 84, Wildlife Recreation Area: along Sherman Creek, circa 4 air miles uncertainty: 3 m., Source: GPS west-southwest of Kettle Falls; toward Inchelium along Washington South-facing grassland slope with lithosol, Highway 3; circa 0.5 miles south of junction of Washington highways basalt cobble outcropping and adjacent Pinus 3 and 20. ponderosa forest. Locally common in rocky Elev. 1700-1800 ft. outcropping. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. T36N R37E S28 SE; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler Don Knoke 2021 Flat benches on both sides of road, gravel bank of road cut with David Giblin, Megan A. Jensen, Ben Legler west/northeast exposure, ravine of creek; ponderosa pine flats, gravel pit, disturbed roadside, mixed forest creekside. Phenology: 30 Jun 2010 Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-406985, WTU-V-019604 Jean Wood 41 20 May 1995 WTU-387133 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Galium bifolium S. Watson [No locality given on label] (Rock Creek) T5N R18E S20; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: m., Source: Nat. Geog. TOPO!, Georef'd by Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Forest Service Road 1600 John Bassett below Little Bald Mountain. Oregon white oak, Ocean spray, and mock Elev. 5392 ft. orange. Few grasses. Phenology: Vegetative. 46.90679° N, 121.15223° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 200 m., Origin: Native. Source: GPS East and southeast-facing slope with basalt talus and silty meadows; Susan Whittlesey W068 Artemisia tridentata, Poa secunda, and Lupinus sp. most common species. Annual; common in understory of Artemisia tridentata. 17 Jul 1980 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-387138, WTU-V-029563 Don Knoke 2147 14 Jul 2011 with Alex D. Harkness, David Giblin WTU-388674 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum U.S.A., OREGON, LINCOLN COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Lincoln City, West Devils Lake Road, circa 100 feet south of 26th Payette National Forest. Along Forest Service Street. Road 072 heading towards Windy Ridge, circa Elev. 15 ft. 1/4 mile southwest of junction with Road 050. UTM Zone 10, 421300E, 4981556N; WGS 84 Elev. 4100 ft. Gravel road fill. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 45.06202° N, 116.76025° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. R.E. Brainerd 1707 29 Jun 2010 Open, southeast facing slope dominated by with N. Otting bunchgrasses, with scattered shrubs; dry, rocky soil. Flowers white; subshrubs; occasional. WTU-388399 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 11994 Rubiaceae 24 Jun 2011 Galium aparine L. WTU-406495, WTU-V-17496 U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Payette National Forest. Forest Service Road 004 off west side of Hornet Creek Road. Elev. 4454 ft. Rubiaceae 46.8689° N, 116.6415° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Nat. Geog. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum TOPO!, Georef'd by John Bassett Open meadow with clay soil and adjacent U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: seasonally wet creek bed. Scattered in mesic Payette National Forest. East side of Hells meadow. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Canyon Road. 45.10892° N, 116.76373° W; WGS 84, Shandra Jeffries 2011-3 uncertainty: 30 m., Source: GPS West-facing rocky outcropping alongside road; 24 Jun 2011 Ericameria resinosa common. Scattered on rocky outcropping. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: WTU-406370, WTU-V-17306 Native. David Giblin 3904 Rubiaceae 26 Jun 2011 Galium aparine L. WTU-403514, WTU-V-011102 U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Payette National Forest. Cottonwood Road Rubiaceae approximately 12 kilometers east of Council. Elev. 4527 ft. Galium bifolium S. Watson 44.71184° N, 116.35391° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: GPS U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: Open slope with southwest-facing aspect. Payette National Forest. Summit of Lynes Peak Balsamorhiza sagittata common along with circa 2 air miles west of Cuprum, around Pseudoroegneria spicata; mesic bench on top of communication towers. slope. Locally common in moist, open soil. Elev. 5412 ft. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 45.09009° N, 116.73111° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3 m. Emma George 108 Open, windswept ridge with scattered conifers; rocky soil, with diverse herbaceous cover. 25 Jun 2011 Common in moist soil beneath shrubs. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-406291, WTU-V-17004 Luke Ledwich 2011-03 24 Jun 2011 WTU-406263, WTU-V-17026 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, ADAMS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Payette National Forest: along Forest Service Deception Pass State Park: Pass Lake, along Road 149 at head of Beaver Creek, circa 9 air south shore adjacent to Highway 20. miles northeast of Council. 48.416824° N, 122.642162° W; WGS 84, Elev. 5871 ft. uncertainty: 200 m., Source: Digital map 44.851413° N, 116.30049° W; WGS 84, Forested shoreline adjacent to deep water, with uncertainty: 27 m., Source: GPS very few aquatic plants. Uncommon on floating Rocky meadow on southerly slope, with log. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. adjacent forest of Pseudotsuga, Pinus ponderosa. Frequent in moist soil. Phenology: Jeff Walker 614 Flowers. Origin: Native. with David Giblin, Ben Legler Barbara Smith 2011-10 6 Sep 2012 26 Jun 2011 WTU-416784, WTU-V-036415 WTU-405388, WTU-V-015742 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Open meadow south of parking area at the end of South Fork U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Taneum Road. Wenatchee National Forest: along Potato Creek Elev. 3499 ft. (Forest Service Road 5380) ca. 2.5 road miles 47.09571° N, 120.99285° W; T19N R15E S31; WGS 84 up creek from Entiat River Road. Fairly moist soil; level. Other plants: Symphoricarpos albus, Abies Elev. 658 m. grandis, Alnus sinuata, Potentilla gracilis. Flowers white; locally 47.806532° N, 120.350571° W; WGS 84, common. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. uncertainty: 13 m., Source: Digital map Small flowing creek under riparian forest of Don Knoke 2222 4 Aug 2011 Abies grandis and Pseudotsuga menziesii; brushy and herbaceous understory with moist WTU-390024 soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Don Knoke 2258 Rubiaceae with David Giblin, Ben Legler, Alex Harkness Galium aparine L. 25 Jun 2012 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: WTU-407087, WTU-V-019883- Vendovi Island. Bluffs along southwest side of island. Elev. 65-164 ft. 48° 36' 32.33" N, 122° 36' 29.75" W; WGS Rubiaceae 84, Source: Digital map Mix of open grassy meadows and Pseudotsuga Galium aparine L. menziesii groves. On very steep slope, cliffs, and scree. Flowers white. Phenology: Fruits. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Origin: Native. Wenatchee National Forest: along Forest Service Road 5700 just SE of junction with Nisa Karimi 2011-13 Road 5703 and NW of Mackenzie Saddle on divide between Mad River and Entiat River. 1 Jun 2011 Elev. 979 m. 47.777045° N, 120.421078° W; WGS 84, WTU-404709, WTU-V-013046 uncertainty: 18 m., Source: Digital map Road cut with decomposing granite, in open, formerly burned conifer forest, with lush herbaceous ground cover. Scattered in loose soil. Phenology: Flowers & Fruits. Origin: Native. Alex Harkness 115 with Ben Legler 26 Jun 2012 WTU-406432, WTU-V-17433 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. dayense Dempster & Galium palustre L. Ehrend. ssp. nov. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: COUNTY: Just north of Picture Gorge, 8 miles northwest of Chehalis River. River edge at end of Preacher's Dayville. Slough Road. Elev. 2300 ft. Elev. 5 m. T12S R26E S7; NAD 27, uncertainty: 805 m., 46.94718° N, 123.65509° W; WGS 84, Source: TRS2LL, Georef'd by Ben Legler uncertainty: 5 m., Georef'd by Maria Sagebrush slopes, and in the less extreme Yousoufian habitats associated with the volcanic tuff. Plants Freshwater intertidal zone dominated by spreading freely from creeping, eventually Schoenoplectus acutus and Phalaris lignescent rhizomes, dioecious. Corolla pale arundinacea. Common on pilings in water. greenish yellow. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Type Specimen: Isotype. David Giblin 3135 Arthur Cronquist 7027 1 Sep 2009 27 May 1953 WTU-392948, wtu-v-50698 WTU-154394, WTU-V-001209 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Fort Lewis Military Base. Mackay Marsh. North Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. nov. and west side of marsh. Elev. 67 m. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: 47.10407° N, 122.61662° W; WGS 84, At Keller Ferry 1 mile south of Columbia River. uncertainty: 5 m., Georef'd by Maria Elev. 1290 ft. Yousoufian 47.915774°, -118.700793°; WGS 84, Seasonally fluctuating pond/marsh dominated uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, by Salix in the interior and Phalaris arundinacea Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian along the periphery; center area with highly Sandy slope. Much-branched and woody at intact native plant communities broken by base, forming clumps up to 8 dm. across. pockets of tea-colored water to 1.5 meters deep. Pistillate. Phenology: Fruits. Type Specimen: Locally common in muck of seasonal pond. Isotype. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. H. T. Rogers 474 David Giblin 3035 19 May 1940 15 Jul 2009 WTU-83905, WTU-V-001208 WTU-399107, WTU-V-005492

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: Glacial Heritage Preserve. Above Clayton Bay, circa 9 miles south of Bellingham. Elev. 37 m. In thin soil over steep sandstone bank. Minute white flower. 46.86484° N, 123.03631° W; UTM Zone 10N, 497234E, Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. 5190145N; NAD 83 Woodland. Symphoricarpos albus, Quercus garryana, Cardamine Carl A. Linde Jr. s.n. 7 May 1957 nuttallii, Claytonia sibirica, Stellaria crispa, Nemophila parviflora. White flowers, common understory plant. Phenology: Flowers and WTU-390483 Fruits. Origin: Native. Pat Montague 94 20 May 2008 with Dan Montague WTU-391285

Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Along State Route 14, approximately mile point 87. 45.656411°, -121.088144°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post Roadside with grass and forbs. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. David Gross 749 13 Apr 2012 WTU-391549 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: COUNTY: San Juan Islands. Fawn Island. Colville National Forest. Dry Canyon Road. Elev. 50 ft. Approximately 3 kilometers from intersection 48° 36.853' N, 123° 0.421' W; Source: GPS with Sullivan Lake Road. Three acre island is developed with 3 houses, trails, and Elev. 850 m. considerable disturbance of understory; forest (open) of 48.74242° N, 117.337° W; WGS 84, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Arbutus, Quercus, and Juniperus. In uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map, grassland and shrubby areas; clambering. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Native. Small pond surrounded by Pseudotsuga menziesii and Thuja plicata overstory. Peter Dunwiddie 06-231 31 May 2006 Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU John Bassett 37 Rubiaceae 20 Jul 2012 Galium boreale L. WTU-406916, WTU-V-019534 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Klickitat River area. Rubiaceae T6N R13E sec. 24; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1138 m., Source: Calc. from TRS, Georef'd by Dan Post Galium bifolium S. Watson Ponderosa pine forest with Ceanothus velutinus, Balsamorhiza careyana and Calamagrostis rubescens in the understory. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. COUNTY: Colville National Forest. Along trail to Hall P. Camp 1384 19 Jun 2000 Mountain circa 1 mile east of summit. Elev. 1788 m. WTU-394356 48.80066° N, 117.24148° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3 m., Source: GPS, Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Rubiaceae South-facing, grassy slope with rocky soil; scattered conifers, Calamagrostis rubescens, Galium triflorum Michx. Hieracium, Eremogone capillaris. Frequent in bare soil patches. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE Native. COUNTY: Colville National Forest. Big Meadow Lake, east J. P. Dufour 2012-16 end of lake accessible by trail from pullout. Elev. 1030 m. 21 Jul 2012 48.7289° N, 117.5505° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map, WTU-407004, WTU-V-019621 Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Forested wetland surrounded by Salix with Athyrium filix-femina. Leaves broad; scattered. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium triflorum Michx. Russ Holmes 12-13 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE 22 Jul 2012 COUNTY: Colville National Forest. Mill Pond Campground WTU-407686, WTU-V-020790 vicinity, circa 5 miles east of Metaline Falls. Elev. 871 m. 48.85508° N, 117.29179° W; uncertainty: 32 Rubiaceae m., Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Mixed conifer forest with riparian vegetation Galium trifidum L. along Sullivan Creek. Flowers green. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: Christine Gormley 2012-21 Colville National Forest. Big Meadow Lake, east end of lake accessible by trail from pullout. 20 Jul 2012 Elev. 1030 m. 48.7289° N, 117.5505° W; WGS 84, WTU-408081, WTU-V-021335 uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map, Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Forested wetland surrounded by Salix with Athyrium filix-femina. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Russ Holmes 12-19 22 Jul 2012 WTU-407473, WTU-V-020427 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: COUNTY: At north end of Crane Reservoir where Colville National Forest. Slate Creek; on Forest Deschutes River enters reservoir. Road 3155 at junction with 100. In streambanks Elev. 1330 m and roadsides. 43.81001° N, 121.77676° W; WGS 84, Elev. 2836 ft. uncertainty: 3 m., Source: GPS 48.94306° N, 117.28383° W Exposed mudflats in reservoir draw dawn, Gravel road, moist streambank, mixed backed by dense Carex stands, with Gratiola, coniferous forest. Occasional in streambank. Gnaphalium, Eleocharis. Petals white; plants Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. common in moist soil among Carex stands. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Drew Parker 1 Katie Messick 2013-36 20 Jul 2012 with Ben Legler, Don Knoke, Wendy McClure WTU-408305, WTU-V-021511 14 Jul 2013 WTU-409326, WTU-V-023250 Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: Deschutes National Forest. Dillon Falls Day Galium trifidum L. Recreation Area, at end of Forest Service Road 600. Deschutes River. U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: Elev. 1233 m. Hosmer Lake Campground and vicinity. 43.9559° N, 121.41695° W; WGS 84, Elev. 1518 m. uncertainty: 100 m., Source: GPS 43.96092° N, 121.7861° W; Source: GPS Streambank of Deschutes River and adjacent Wet meadow dominated by Carex and grasses grading into lake wet meadow. Uncommon among clumps of shallows, bordered on upland side by dry Pinus contorta woodland. Carex in wet meadow. Phenology: Flowers and Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Fruits. Origin: Native. Suzanne Anderson 2013-13 13 Jul 2013 David Giblin 5032 with Karen Petersen, Katie Messick, Sheila Olmstead, and R. Olmstead 13 Jul 2013 Herbarium: WTU WTU-409318, WTU-V-023242 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Campground area along river, just outside U.S.A., OREGON, DESCHUTES COUNTY: Yakima Reservation. Deschutes National Forest: at northern most of Elev. 1753 ft. Blacktail Springs, on south end of Kokostick 46° 0.734' N, 121° 9.255' W Butte. Stream bank and shore. White flowers, dark Elev. 1720 m. anthers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 44.025318° N, 121.793216° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 13 m., Source: GPS Tara Fletcher 2001-16 Wet margins of spring and small stream, grading into moist and dry meadow; gravelly 17 Jun 2001 soil, with diverse forb and graminoid cover. Petals white; plants uncommon in wet soil. WTU-399103, WTU-V-005488 Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Doug Williams 2013-33 with Ben Legler, Regina Johnson, Don Estberg 13 Jul 2013 WTU-409052, WTU-V-023044 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. okanoganense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., MONTANA, GRANITE COUNTY: East Fork Rock Creek Valley on Forest Road U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: 5141, 2 miles west of East Fork Reservoir dam. Entiat Mountains, Swakane Canyon, ca. 2 miles Elev. 8573 ft. west of Hwy 97/Columbia River. 46° 7.452' N, 113° 25.155' W; WGS 84 Elev. 1400 ft. Lodgepole pine; Engelmann spruce forest with 47.563322° N, 120.32733° W; WGS 84, small stream and associated wet meadow. uncertainty: 149 m., Source: Digital Map, White flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Georef'd by Valerie Soza Native. Southwest-facing slopes in sagebrush steppe. Female plant, woody at base, ca. 30 cm tall, Maria Gerace 2008-141F localized. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 13 Jul 2008 Valerie Soza 1718 with Julie K. Combs, Richard G. Olmstead, and WTU-399816, WTU-V-006106 David C. Tank. 1 May 2004 Rubiaceae WTU-409898, WTU-V-023866 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Gifford Pinchot National Forest. South Prairie. Rubiaceae Parcel to northwest of main prairie area along Forest Road 68. Galium porrigens Dempster var. porrigens Elev. 3114 ft. 45.91342° N, 121.70187° W; WGS 84, U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MONTEREY COUNTY: Source: GPS Santa Lucia Mountains, Cone Peak, near end of Vernally moist meadow with Agrostis sp. and Cone Peak Road. Carex spp. dominant; Symphyotrichum common Elev. 4000 ft. and abundant. Uncommon in dried mud flat. 36° 3' 9" N, 121° 29' 20" W Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Southeast-facing, rocky slope. Area burned at least 5 years ago. Associated with Antirrhinum David Giblin 3572 cf. multiflorum, Ceanothus sp., Dendromecon with Mike Marsh rigida, Eriodictyon trichocalyx, Keckiella cf. ternata, Mimulus aurantiacus, Quercus sp., 13 Aug 2010 Rhamnus sp., Solidago sp., and Toxicodendron. Female plant up to 10 in. tall; suffrutescent WTU-401313, WTU-V-8133 perennial clumping and spreading. Common. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1718b 16 Jun 2004 Rubiaceae WTU-409883, WTU-V-023875 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Rubiaceae Blue Mountains, John Day River drainage, North Fork Deardorff Creek at Forest Road 13, 14.4 air miles southeast of Prairie City. Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. luciense Dempster Elev. 4225 ft. & Stebbins UTM Zone 11, 384835E, 4938444N; WGS 84 Moist log on streambank in mixed conifer forest. With Epilobium U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MONTEREY COUNTY: watsonii, Mimulus guttatus, Poa palustris. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Santa Lucia Mountains, Cone Peak, near end of Native. Cone Peak Road. Elev. 4030 ft. Nick Otting 3054 23 Sep 2010 36° 3' 10" N, 121° 29' 20" W with Dick Brainerd Northeast-facing, rocky slope, in semi-shade and loose soil. Associated with Lonicera, WTU-397481 Pteridium, Quercus, and Rhamnus sp. Locally common. Female plant, up to 3-4 in. tall. Low-growing, matting, suffrutescent perennial, not woody at base. Flowers densely hairy; fruit fleshy and hairy. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1719 16 Jun 2004 WTU-409884, WTU-V-023878 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium cliftonsmithii (Dempster) Dempster & Stebbins Galium cf. johnstonii Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: COUNTY: Santa Ynez Mountains, San Marcos Pass area, San Gabriel Mountains, ca. 1 mile east of Three Painted Cave Rd off Hwy 154. Points, south side of Hwy 2. Elev. 1940 ft. Elev. 6060 ft. 34° 29' 35" N, 119° 47' 21" W 34° 20' 31" N, 117° 58' 21" W Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, In pine duff, in rocky dry drainage. Associated Arctostaphylos sp., Bromus diandrus, with Calocedrus decurrens, Epilobium canum, Ceanothus sp., Eriogonum fasciculatum, Eriogonum wrightii, Juncus sp., Pinus, Potentilla Gnaphalium, Hieracium, Leptodactylon, Lotus cf. glandulosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus scoparius, and Rhus ovata. Common. Female chrysolepis, Ribes sp., and Solidago. Female plant with white, fleshy, glabrous fruits. Flowers plant. Common perennial, woody at base, up to glabrous. Suffrutescent perennial, woody at 1.5 ft. tall. Males more common than females base, ca. 6 in. tall but climbing taller. Leaves (65 : 35). Fruiting pedicels shorter than fruits. sharp at tip. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Upper internodes longer than lower internodes. Origin: Native. Young fruit with appressed, shorter hairs. Mature fruit with campanulate flowers and Valerie Soza 1720 16 Jun 2004 spreading hairs. Flowers reddish in bud, but cream-colored when mature. Stems and leaves WTU-409882, WTU-V-023877 papillose. Black small beetles observed on Rubiaceae female plants. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. angustifolium Valerie Soza 1722a 17 Jun 2004 U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES WTU-409886, WTU-V-023873 COUNTY: Rubiaceae San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Rd, north of junction with Mt. Lowe Rd. Galium johnstonii Dempster & Stebbins Elev. 5150 ft. 34° 14' 38" N, 118° 5' 29" W U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES Alongside road, on east-facing slope, in loose COUNTY: rocky soil. Associated with Bromus tectorum, San Gabriel Mountains, ca. 1 mile east of Three Eriogonum fasciculatum, Eriophyllum Points, south side of Hwy 2. confertiflorum, Keckiella ternata, Lonicera Elev. 6060 ft. subspicata, Melica imperfecta, Mimulus 34° 20' 31" N, 117° 58' 21" W aurantiacus, Quercus wislizenii, and Ribes sp. In pine duff, in rocky dry drainage. Associated Female plant. Dioecious (males and females in with Calocedrus decurrens, Epilobium canum, +/- equal ratio). Common on slopes. Perennial, Eriogonum wrightii, Juncus sp., Pinus, Potentilla woody at base, up to 1-1.5 ft. tall. Flowers cf. glandulosa, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Quercus cream-colored, corolla and stems glabrous, chrysolepis, Ribes sp., and Solidago. Male internodes +/- equal throughout. Phenology: plant. Common perennial, woody at base, up to Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. 1.5 ft. tall. Males more common than females (65 : 35). Fruiting pedicels shorter than fruits. Valerie Soza 1721a 17 Jun 2004 Upper internodes longer than lower internodes. Young fruit with appressed, shorter hairs. WTU-409885, WTU-V-023874 Mature fruit with campanulate flowers and spreading hairs. Flowers reddish in bud, but Rubiaceae cream-colored when mature. Stems and leaves papillose. Black small beetles observed on Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. female plants. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: angustifolium Native. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES Valerie Soza 1722b 17 Jun 2004 COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Rd, north of WTU-409887, WTU-V-023876 junction with Mt. Lowe Rd. Elev. 5150 ft. 34° 14' 38" N, 118° 5' 29" W Alongside road, on east-facing slope, in loose rocky soil. Associated with Bromus tectorum, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, Keckiella ternata, Lonicera subspicata, Melica imperfecta, Mimulus aurantiacus, Quercus wislizenii, and Ribes sp. Male plant. Dioecious (males and females in +/- equal ratio). Common on slopes. Perennial, woody at base, up to 1-1.5 ft. tall. Flowers cream-colored, corolla and stems glabrous, internodes +/- equal throughout. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1721b 17 Jun 2004 WTU-409888, WTU-V-023871 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium jepsonii Hilend & J.T. Howell Galium hallii Munz & I.M. Johnst. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, along Pacific Crest San Gabriel Mountains, along Hwy 2, at Vincent Trail, from Cloudburst Summit to Cooper Gap trailhead to Mt. Baden-Powell. Canyon, just below summit along Hwy 2. Elev. 6650 ft. Elev. 6900 ft. 34° 22' 23" N, 117° 45' 5" W 34° 21' 10" N, 117° 55' 55" W NE-facing slope, in red soil. Associated with Loose gravelly soil, in pine duff, on open, sunny, Abies concolor, Arabis sp., Artemisia tridentata, granitic, NNE-facing slope. Associated with Bromus tectorum, Castilleja, Chrysothamnus, Abies concolor, Calocedrus decurrens, Elymus elymoides, Eriogonum cf. umbellatum, Cordylanthus, Eriogonum cf. umbellatum, Pinus cf. ponderosa, Quercus chrysolepis, Male Erysimum capitatum, Pinus cf. ponderosa, and plant. Locally common shrub, woody Quercus chrysolepis. Female plant. Locally throughout. Plants up to 1.5 ft. tall. Males and common perennial, low-growing, up to 6 in. tall. females in +/- equal ratio. Fruits with dense long Leaves clustered at base. Fruits short-hairy, straight hairs. Leaves soft, ovate, and not erect and appressed. Flowers divided halfway to sharp-tipped. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: base, glabrous, red in bud, cream-colored when Native. mature. Galls or swollen stems observed in the internodes of most plants. More males than Valerie Soza 1724b 17 Jun 2004 females observed (90 : 10). Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-409892, WTU-V-023870 Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1723a 17 Jun 2004 Galium andrewsii A. Gray ssp. intermedium Dempster & WTU-409889, WTU-V-023865 Stebbins Rubiaceae U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: Galium jepsonii Hilend & J.T. Howell Liebre Mountains, dirt road north off of Rd 7N23, just west of Sawmill Camp entrance. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES Elev. 5300 ft. COUNTY: 34° 41' 60" N, 118° 34' 25.5" W San Gabriel Mountains, along Pacific Crest Shallow, south-facing slope just below summit. Trail, from Cloudburst Summit to Cooper Open woodland with Bromus cf. diandrus, B. Canyon, just below summit along Hwy 2. tectorum, Cercocarpus betuloides, Clarkia sp., Elev. 6900 ft. Erigeron cf. foliosus, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, 34° 21' 10" N, 117° 55' 55" W Navarretia, Pinus cf. ponderosa, Quercus cf. Loose gravelly soil, in pine duff, on open, sunny, kelloggii, and Rhamnus ilicifolia. Female plant. granitic, NNE-facing slope. Associated with Locally abundant perennial, spreading Abies concolor, Calocedrus decurrens, potentially rhizomatously, not woody, erect to Cordylanthus, Eriogonum cf. umbellatum, 3-4 in. tall. Mostly vegetative plants observed, Erysimum capitatum, Pinus cf. ponderosa, and followed by males, then females (70 : 29 : 1). Quercus chrysolepis. Male plant. Locally Leaves spiny, tip bristly. Stems and corollas common perennial, low-growing, up to 6 in. tall. glabrous. Fruit glabrous. Phenology: Flowers Leaves clustered at base. Fruits short-hairy, and Fruits. Origin: Native. erect and appressed. Flowers divided halfway to base, glabrous, red in bud, cream-colored when Valerie Soza 1725a 21 Jun 2004 mature. Galls or swollen stems observed in the internodes of most plants. More males than WTU-409894, WTU-V-023869 females observed (90 : 10). Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1723b 17 Jun 2004 Galium andrewsii A. Gray ssp. intermedium Dempster & Stebbins WTU-409890, WTU-V-023868 Rubiaceae U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: Galium hallii Munz & I.M. Johnst. Liebre Mountains, dirt road north off of Rd 7N23, just west of Sawmill Camp entrance. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES Elev. 5300 ft. COUNTY: 34° 41' 60" N, 118° 34' 25.5" W San Gabriel Mountains, along Hwy 2, at Vincent Shallow, south-facing slope just below summit. Gap trailhead to Mt. Baden-Powell. Open woodland with Bromus cf. diandrus, B. Elev. 6650 ft. tectorum, Cercocarpus betuloides, Clarkia sp., 34° 22' 23" N, 117° 45' 5" W Erigeron cf. foliosus, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, NE-facing slope, in red soil. Associated with Navarretia, Pinus cf. ponderosa, Quercus cf. Abies concolor, Arabis sp., Artemisia tridentata, kelloggii, and Rhamnus ilicifolia. Male plant. Bromus tectorum, Castilleja, Chrysothamnus, Locally abundant perennial, spreading Elymus elymoides, Eriogonum cf. umbellatum, potentially rhizomatously, not woody, erect to Pinus cf. ponderosa, Quercus chrysolepis, 3-4 in. tall. Mostly vegetative plants observed, Female plant. Locally common shrub, woody followed by males, then females (70 : 29 : 1). throughout. Plants up to 1.5 ft. tall. Males and Leaves spiny, tip bristly. Stems and corollas females in +/- equal ratio. Fruits with dense long glabrous. Fruit glabrous. Phenology: Flowers. straight hairs. Leaves soft, ovate, and not Origin: Native. sharp-tipped. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1725b 21 Jun 2004 Valerie Soza 1724a 17 Jun 2004 WTU-409893, WTU-V-023872 WTU-409891, WTU-V-023867 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium porrigens Dempster var. porrigens Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. jacinticum Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY: Liebre Mountains, north side of Warm Springs San Jacinto Mountains, southeast side of Lake Rd 6N32, west of Lake Hughes Rd. Fulmor, slope above Hwy 243 (Hall Canyon). Elev. 2100 ft. Elev. 5300 ft. 34° 36' 30" N, 118° 34' 6" W 33° 48' 14" N, 116° 46' 46" W Gentle, shady, south-facing slope of canyon. Moderate, northwest-facing, shady, gravelly Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, slope, in duff. Associated with Arctostaphylos Artemisia douglasiana, Bromus cf. diandrus, pringlei, Calocedrus decurrens, Ceanothus Erigeron cf. foliosus, Eriogonum fasciculatum, integerrimus, C. leucodermis, Eriophyllum Lessingia filaginifolia, Leymus, Penstemon cf. confertiflorum, Erysimum capitatum, Quercus centranthifolius, Platanus racemosa, Quercus chrysolepis, and Q. kelloggii. Male plant. Locally agrifolia, Rhamnus ilicifolia, and Rhus trilobata. common perennial, woody, up to 8 in. tall. Female plant. Perennial, slightly woody at base, Mostly males observed flowering; corollas climbing on dead branches and adjacent herbs, hispid. Female flowers generally glabrous. up to 1.5 ft. tall. Leaves oblong with point at tip. Stems glabrous. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Fruits glabrous and +/- clear white. More males Native. than females observed (70 : 30). Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1727b 22 Jun 2004 with Steve Boyd Valerie Soza 1726a 21 Jun 2004 WTU-409902, WTU-V-023858 WTU-409900, WTU-V-023860 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium porrigens Dempster var. porrigens Galium porrigens Dempster var. porrigens U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY: U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES San Jacinto Mountains, Forest Service Rd COUNTY: 5S13. Liebre Mountains, north side of Warm Springs Elev. 4800 ft. Rd 6N32, west of Lake Hughes Rd. 33° 44' 2" N, 116° 45' 36" W Elev. 2100 ft. Alongside road in flat, compacted dirt, in shade. 34° 36' 30" N, 118° 34' 6" W Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, Gentle, shady, south-facing slope of canyon. Arabis sp., Arctostaphylos glauca, Bromus Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, tectorum, Ceanothus cuneatus, Cercocarpus Artemisia douglasiana, Bromus cf. diandrus, betuloides, Cirsium occidentale californicum, Erigeron cf. foliosus, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Elymus glaucus, Erigeron foliosus, Eriogonum Lessingia filaginifolia, Leymus, Penstemon cf. fasciculatum, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, centranthifolius, Platanus racemosa, Quercus Lonicera, Pinus coulteri, and Vulpia. Female agrifolia, Rhamnus ilicifolia, and Rhus trilobata. plant. Occasional perennial, low growing up to Male plant. Perennial, slightly woody at base, 5-6 in. tall. Fruits glabrous. Only females fruiting climbing on dead branches and adjacent herbs, observed; other half of plants were vegetative. up to 1.5 ft. tall. Leaves oblong with point at tip. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Fruits glabrous and +/- clear white. More males than females observed (70 : 30). Phenology: Valerie Soza 1728 22 Jun 2004 Remnants. Origin: Native. with Steve Boyd Valerie Soza 1726b 21 Jun 2004 WTU-409903, WTU-V-023857 WTU-409899, WTU-V-023862 Rubiaceae Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. jacinticum Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY: San Jacinto Mountains, southeast side of Lake Fulmor, slope above Hwy 243 (Hall Canyon). Elev. 5300 ft. 33° 48' 14" N, 116° 46' 46" W Moderate, northwest-facing, shady, gravelly slope, in duff. Associated with Arctostaphylos pringlei, Calocedrus decurrens, Ceanothus integerrimus, C. leucodermis, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, Erysimum capitatum, Quercus chrysolepis, and Q. kelloggii. Female plant. Locally common perennial, woody, up to 8 in. tall. Mostly males observed flowering; corollas hispid. Female flowers generally glabrous. Stems glabrous. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1727a 22 Jun 2004 with Steve Boyd WTU-409901, WTU-V-023859 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium andrewsii A. Gray ssp. andrewsii Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. borregoense Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY: Hot Springs Mountains, at base of mountains, U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY: Warner Springs area, along Camino San [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Ignacio Rd to Los Coyotes Indian Reservation, California: R (Rare; USDA Plants)] south of Camino Ortega. Elev. 2700 ft. Elev. 3500 ft. Scree below large boulder outcrop, above dry 33° 16' 32" N, 116° 37' 29" W creek, in shade; north-facing, granitic slope. Gravelly roadside bench and down slope in Associated with Acacia greggii, Agave deserti, shade, on SSW-facing slope. Associated with Eriogonum fasciculatum, Hymenoclea salsola, Adenostoma fasciculatum, A. sparsifolium, Juniperus californicus, Keckiella antirrhinoides, Arctostaphylos glauca, Bromus rubens, Opuntia acanthocarpa, O. basilaris, Prunus Ceanothus greggii perplexans, C. leucodermis, fremontii, Rhus ovata, Simmondsia chinensis, Eriodictyon crassifolium, Eriophyllum and Viguiera cf. parishii. Male plant. Suffruticose confertiflorum, Hazardia squarrosa, Helianthus perennial to shrub, weak stems up to 6 in. tall or gracilentus, Heteromeles arbutifolia, Lotus 2 ft. long stems. Corolla hairy, stems glabrous. scoparius, Quercus agrifolia, and Rhus ovata. Phenology: Remnants. Origin: Native. Female plant. Infrequent perennial, mat-like, up to 3-4 in. tall. Only females observed. Fruits Valerie Soza 1730b 22 Jun 2004 dark black, glabrous, and fleshy. Phenology: with Steve Boyd Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-409866, WTU-V-023894 Valerie Soza 1729 22 Jun 2004 with Steve Boyd Rubiaceae WTU-409904, WTU-V-023910 Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. flaccidum (Greene) Dempster & Stebbins Rubiaceae U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Trail above Little Santa Anita borregoense Dempster & Stebbins Canyon, ca. 4 miles up from trailhead. Elev. 3300 ft. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO COUNTY: 34° 12' 10" N, 118° 3' 18" W [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Alongside trail, downslope, in rocky loose dry soil, in shade. California: R (Rare; USDA Plants)] Associated with overstory of Pseudotsuga macrocarpa, Quercus Elev. 2700 ft. chrysolepis, Rhamnus ilicifolia, and Umbellularia californica, and with Scree below large boulder outcrop, above dry cf. Dryopteris arguta, Elymus glaucus, Eriophyllum confertiflorum, creek, in shade; north-facing, granitic slope. Gnaphalium californicum, Keckiella cordifolia,Lathyrus vestitus, Associated with Acacia greggii, Agave deserti, Lonicera subspicata, Melica imperfecta, Polystichum cf. munitum, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Hymenoclea salsola, Pterostegia drymarioides, and Toxicodendron diversilobum. Juniperus californicus, Keckiella antirrhinoides, Low-growing perennial forming mats up to 4 in. tall and with long Opuntia acanthocarpa, O. basilaris, Prunus trailing stems, not woody throughout but stems woody at base. Very fremontii, Rhus ovata, Simmondsia chinensis, localized. Flower and fruit hairy. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: and Viguiera cf. parishii. Female plant. Native. Suffruticose perennial to shrub, weak stems up to 6 in. tall or 2 ft. long stems. Corolla hairy, Valerie Soza 1731 23 Jun 2004 stems glabrous. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1730a 22 Jun 2004 with Steve Boyd Rubiaceae WTU-409906, WTU-V-023909 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Trail above Little Santa Anita Canyon, ca. 3 miles up from trailhead. Elev. 2700 ft. 34° 11' 43" N, 118° 3' 5" W Alongside trail, upslope, on rocky northeast-facing slope above creek, in part sun or full shade. Associated with overstory of Umbellularia californica and with native Bromus perennial, Dryopteris arguta, Keckiella cordifolia, and Toxicodendron diversilobum. Scarce annual, 6 leaves at nodes, hairy fruits, and trailing stems. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Unknown. Valerie Soza 1732 23 Jun 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium grande McClatchie Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. gabrielense (Munz & I.M. Johnst.) Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Trail above Little Santa Anita U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: Canyon, ca. 2.7 miles up from trailhead. San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. San Antonio Trail out of Bear Canyon. Elev. 2800 ft. Elev. 7600 ft. 34° 11' 31" N, 118° 2' 50" W 34° 15' 33.5" N, 117° 39' 20" W On east-facing ridgetop in area cleared for helispot, in dry gravelly Southwest-facing open ridgetop, in pine duff in rocky dry soil, mostly soil. Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, Bromus diandrus, sunny. Associated with Ceanothus leucodermis, Chaenactis Ceanothus leucodermis, C. oliganthus, Eriogonum fasciculatum, santolinoides. Chrysothamnus nauseosus, Elymus elymoides, Gnaphalium californicum, Hazardia squarrosa, Helianthus Eriodictyon trichocalyx, Eriogonum wrightii, Eriophyllum gracilentus, Lathyrus vestitus, Lepidium cf. virginicum, Lonicera confertiflorum, Lupinus sp., Pedicularis semibarbata, Pinus jeffreyi, subspicata, Lotus scoparius, Lupinus cf. longifolius, Malosma Quercus chrysolepis, and Silene verecunda. Common alongside laurina, Mimulus aurantiacus, Phacelia ramosissima, Quercus sp., trail. Low-growing perennial ca. 3 in. tall with long underground Q. wislizenii, Rhamnus ilicifolia, Salvia mellifera, cf. Sisymbrium stems, forming mats, woody at base but not noticeably woody officinale, and Trifolium cf. hirtum. Woody perennial, erect to 6 in. tall throughout. Plant hispid hairy throughout including corolla. Flowers or climbing to 5 feet tall, spreading rhizomatously, forming clumps. red in bud, cream-colored when open. Equal ratio of females to Locally common to abundant. Corolla and fruits short-hairy. Fruiting males (50 : 50). Female plant. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. rarely. Equal ratio of females to "cosexuals" (50 : 50). Cosexual Origin: Native. plants observed producing functionally staminate flowers and fruits. This specimen a female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Valerie Soza 1734a 24 Jun 2004 Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1733a 23 Jun 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. gabrielense (Munz & I.M. Johnst.) Dempster & Stebbins Galium grande McClatchie U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. San Antonio Trail out of Bear Canyon. San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. Wilson Trail above Little Santa Anita Elev. 7600 ft. Canyon, ca. 2.7 miles up from trailhead. 34° 15' 33.5" N, 117° 39' 20" W Elev. 2800 ft. Southwest-facing open ridgetop, in pine duff in rocky dry soil, mostly 34° 11' 31" N, 118° 2' 50" W sunny. Associated with Ceanothus leucodermis, Chaenactis On east-facing ridgetop in area cleared for helispot, in dry gravelly santolinoides. Chrysothamnus nauseosus, Elymus elymoides, soil. Associated with Adenostoma fasciculatum, Bromus diandrus, Eriodictyon trichocalyx, Eriogonum wrightii, Eriophyllum Ceanothus leucodermis, C. oliganthus, Eriogonum fasciculatum, confertiflorum, Lupinus sp., Pedicularis semibarbata, Pinus jeffreyi, Gnaphalium californicum, Hazardia squarrosa, Helianthus Quercus chrysolepis, and Silene verecunda. Common alongside gracilentus, Lathyrus vestitus, Lepidium cf. virginicum, Lonicera trail. Low-growing perennial ca. 3 in. tall with long underground subspicata, Lotus scoparius, Lupinus cf. longifolius, Malosma stems, forming mats, woody at base but not noticeably woody laurina, Mimulus aurantiacus, Phacelia ramosissima, Quercus sp., throughout. Plant hispid hairy throughout including corolla. Flowers Q. wislizenii, Rhamnus ilicifolia, Salvia mellifera, cf. Sisymbrium red in bud, cream-colored when open. Equal ratio of females to officinale, and Trifolium cf. hirtum. Woody perennial, erect to 6 in. tall males (50 : 50). Male plant. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. or climbing to 5 feet tall, spreading rhizomatously, forming clumps. Locally common to abundant. Corolla and fruits short-hairy. Fruiting Valerie Soza 1734b 24 Jun 2004 rarely. Equal ratio of females to "cosexuals" (50 : 50). Cosexual plants observed producing functionally staminate flowers and fruits. Herbarium: WTU This specimen a cosexual. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1733b 23 Jun 2004 Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. nudicaule Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. San Antonio Trail out of Bear Canyon. Elev. 6100 ft. 34° 15' 5" N, 117° 39' 15" W East-facing slope, alongside trail, in rocky gravelly loose soil. In small open areas of dense chaparral, mostly sunny. Associated with Arctostaphylos sp., Bromus tectorum, Ceanothus leucodermis, Eriogonum davidsonii, E. fasciculatum, Eriodictyon trichocalyx, Galium angustifolium ssp. gabrielense, Lotus crassifolius, and Quercus wislizenii. Infrequent, woody perennial, low-growing and mat-forming with long woody underground stems, up to 8 in. tall. Corolla sparsely hispid, stems glabrous. Equal ratio of females to males (50 : 50). Female plant. Growing in association with G. angustifolium ssp. gabrielense at this elevation and at lower elevations; intermediate plants in hairiness observed. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1735a 24 Jun 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium angustifolium Nutt. ex Torr. & A. Gray ssp. Galium parishii Hilend & J.T. Howell nudicaule Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: COUNTY: San Gabriel Mountains, Mt. San Antonio Trail out of Bear Canyon. New York Mountains, Eastern Mojave Desert, Elev. 6100 ft. Caruthers Canyon. Alongside old dirt road up 34° 15' 5" N, 117° 39' 15" W canyon to mine. East-facing slope, alongside trail, in rocky gravelly loose soil. In Elev. 6000 ft. small open areas of dense chaparral, mostly sunny. Associated with 35° 15' 15" N, 115° 17' 60" W Arctostaphylos sp., Bromus tectorum, Ceanothus leucodermis, Gravelly, rocky wash alongside road, below Eriogonum davidsonii, E. fasciculatum, Eriodictyon trichocalyx, boulders. Associated with Arabis sp., Bromus Galium angustifolium ssp. gabrielense, Lotus crassifolius, and tectorum, Epilobium canum canum, Garrya Quercus wislizenii. Infrequent, woody perennial, low-growing and flavescens, Gutierrezia, Lepidium sp., Lotus, mat-forming with long woody underground stems, up to 8 in. tall. Pinus monophylla, Purshia glandulosa, Corolla sparsely hispid, stems glabrous. Equal ratio of females to Quercus, Rhus trilobata, Symphoricarpos cf. males (50 : 50). Male plant. Growing in association with G. longiflorus, and Yucca baccata. Frequent angustifolium ssp. gabrielense at this elevation and at lower perennial, woody only at base. Plant minutely elevations; intermediate plants in hairiness observed. Phenology: hairy. Flowers rotate, pink, and sparsely hairy. Flowers. Origin: Native. Fruits hairy. Some plants with male flowers only; other plants with female and/or hermaphroditic Valerie Soza 1735b 24 Jun 2004 flowers. This plant producing male flowers only with large well-developed anthers and vestigial Herbarium: WTU ovaries with undeveloped stigmas. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1736b 30 Jun 2004 Galium parishii Hilend & J.T. Howell WTU-408859, WTU-V-022274 U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO Rubiaceae COUNTY: New York Mountains, Eastern Mojave Desert, Galium parishii Hilend & J.T. Howell Caruthers Canyon. Alongside old dirt road up canyon to mine. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO Elev. 6000 ft. COUNTY: 35° 15' 15" N, 115° 17' 60" W New York Mountains, Eastern Mojave Desert, Gravelly, rocky wash alongside road, below Caruthers Canyon. Alongside old dirt road up boulders. Associated with Arabis sp., Bromus canyon to mine. tectorum, Epilobium canum canum, Garrya Elev. 6000 ft. flavescens, Gutierrezia, Lepidium sp., Lotus, 35° 15' 15" N, 115° 17' 60" W Pinus monophylla, Purshia glandulosa, Gravelly, rocky wash alongside road, below Quercus, Rhus trilobata, Symphoricarpos cf. boulders. Associated with Arabis sp., Bromus longiflorus, and Yucca baccata. Frequent tectorum, Epilobium canum canum, Garrya perennial, woody only at base. Plant minutely flavescens, Gutierrezia, Lepidium sp., Lotus, hairy. Flowers rotate, pink, and sparsely hairy. Pinus monophylla, Purshia glandulosa, Fruits hairy. Some plants with male flowers only; Quercus, Rhus trilobata, Symphoricarpos cf. other plants with female and/or hermaphroditic longiflorus, and Yucca baccata. Frequent flowers. This plant producing flowers with perennial, woody only at base. Plant minutely ovaries and ovules but undeveloped short-hairy hairy. Flowers rotate, pink, and sparsely hairy. fruits, stigmas well-developed, and anthers Fruits hairy. Some plants with male flowers only; minute. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. other plants with female and/or hermaphroditic flowers. This plant producing several types of Valerie Soza 1736a 30 Jun 2004 flowers: flowers developing into fruits with long spreading hairs, flowers producing vestigial WTU-408860, WTU-V-022273 ovaries, and flowers with well developed stigmas, minute anthers, and undeveloped short-hairy fruit. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1736c 30 Jun 2004 WTU-408858, WTU-V-022272 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium munzii Hilend & J.T. Howell ssp. munzii Galium wrightii A. Gray U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY: COUNTY: New York Mountains, Eastern Mojave Desert, South side of the Clark Mountains, East Mojave Caruthers Canyon. Alongside old dirt road up Desert. canyon to mine. Elev. 6000 ft. Elev. 6000 ft. 35° 30' 48" N, 115° 34' 35" W 35° 15' 11" N, 115° 18' 2.5" W Alongside dirt road in canyon bottom, at base of Growing in shade of Pinus monophylla and northeast-facing rocky slope, in shade of Pinus Quercus, alongside old dirt road, at base of monophylla. Associated with Arabis sp., northwest-facing slope, in gravelly soil at base Artemisia cf. ludoviciana, Bromus tectorum, of boulders. Associated with Arabis, Ericameria Castilleja linariifolia, Echinocereus cf. laricifolia, Garrya flavescens, Gutierrezia, triglochidiatus, Elymus elymoides, Ephedra Penstemon eatonii, Pinus monophylla, Poa viridis, Eriogonum cf. microthecum, Juniperus secunda, Quercus, Silene verecunda, and osteosperma, Linum cf. lewisii, Machaeranthera Yucca baccata. Also observed a plant in wash canescens, Penstemon centranthifolius, above. Rare perennial, woody at base, hispid Petrophytum caespitosum, Pinus monophylla, throughout. Corolla rotate. Only ca. 5 females Platyopuntia, Poa secunda, Prunus fasciculata, observed. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Purshia mexicana, Rhus trilobata, Senecio, Origin: Native. Sphaeralcea ambigua, Symphoricarpos longiflorus, Thamnosma montana, and Yucca Valerie Soza 1737 30 Jun 2004 baccata. Occasiona perennial, up to 15 in. tall, woody at base. Plant +/- glabrous, leaves linear, WTU-408857, WTU-V-022271 flowers rotate and red to dark pink, fruits Rubiaceae long-hairy. This plant producing fruits (hermaphroditic?). Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Galium wrightii A. Gray Native. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, SAN BERNARDINO Valerie Soza 1738b 1 Jul 2004 COUNTY: South side of the Clark Mountains, East Mojave WTU- 408867, WTU-V-022281 Desert. Rubiaceae Elev. 6000 ft. 35° 30' 48" N, 115° 34' 35" W Galium hilendiae Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. carneum Alongside dirt road in canyon bottom, at base of (Hilend & J.T. Howell) Dempster & Ehrend. northeast-facing rocky slope, in shade of Pinus monophylla. Associated with Arabis sp., U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Artemisia cf. ludoviciana, Bromus tectorum, Panamint Range, Wildrose Canyon, across road Castilleja linariifolia, Echinocereus from Thorndike Camp. triglochidiatus, Elymus elymoides, Ephedra Elev. 7500 ft. viridis, Eriogonum cf. microthecum, Juniperus 36° 14' 3" N, 117° 4' 14" W osteosperma, Linum cf. lewisii, Machaeranthera Rocky, northeast-facing, moderate slope, in canescens, Penstemon centranthifolius, shade of Pinus monophylla. Associated with Petrophytum caespitosum, Pinus monophylla, Achnatherum cf. parishii, Artemisia tridentata, Platyopuntia, Poa secunda, Prunus fasciculata, Cercocarpus ledifolius, Chrysothamnus Purshia mexicana, Rhus trilobata, Senecio, viscidiflorus, Ephedra viridis, Eriogonum Sphaeralcea ambigua, Symphoricarpos umbellatum, Lomatium, Oryzopsis hymenoides, longiflorus, Thamnosma montana, and Yucca Penstemon rostriflorus, Phacelia, Pinus baccata. Occasiona perennial, up to 15 in. tall, monophylla, Platyopuntia, and Symphoricarpos woody at base. Plant +/- glabrous, leaves linear, longiflorus. Occasional perennial, up to 1-1.5 ft. flowers rotate and red to dark pink, fruits tall, woody at base and lower half of stem. Plant long-hairy. This plant producing bisexual flowers scabrous, fruit long-hairy, corolla campanulate, with well-developed stigmas and anthers papillate and white with light pink at tips. Leaves (ovaries +/- glabrous and developing fruits hairy) at a node unequal in size (2 wide and 2 narrow). and male flowers with vestigial ovaries. Dioecious with equal ratio of males to females Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. (50 : 50). This plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1738a 1 Jul 2004 Valerie Soza 1740a 2 Jul 2004 WTU- 408868, WTU-V-022282 WTU-408865, WTU-V-022279 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium hilendiae Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. carneum Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. tomentellum Ehrend. (Hilend & J.T. Howell) Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Panamint Range, Telescope Peak trail from Panamint Range, Wildrose Canyon, across road Mahogany Flats, just north of Telescope Peak from Thorndike Camp. summit. Elev. 7500 ft. Elev. 10800-10900 ft. 36° 14' 3" N, 117° 4' 14" W 36° 10' 23" N, 117° 5' 17" W Rocky, northeast-facing, moderate slope, in Alongside trail on east-facing slopes of ridgetop, shade of Pinus monophylla. Associated with in rock crevices of rock outcrops. Associated Achnatherum cf. parishii, Artemisia tridentata, with Artemisia dracunculus, A. tridentata, Cercocarpus ledifolius, Chrysothamnus Eriogonum umbellatum cf. versicolor, Heuchera viscidiflorus, Ephedra viridis, Eriogonum rubescens alpicola, Lupinus cf. argenteus, umbellatum, Lomatium, Oryzopsis hymenoides, Pellaea breweri, Pinus longaeva, and Ribes Penstemon rostriflorus, Phacelia, Pinus cereum cereum. Very rare, ca. 10 individuals monophylla, Platyopuntia, and Symphoricarpos observed. Matted perennial up to 2 in. tall, not longiflorus. Occasional perennial, up to 1-1.5 ft. woody. Plant densely fine hairy. Flowers finely tall, woody at base and lower half of stem. Plant short-hairy, cream yellow with pink tips. Leaves scabrous, fruit long-hairy, corolla campanulate, ovate. Dioecious with females and males in papillate and white with light pink at tips. Leaves equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant male with at a node unequal in size (2 wide and 2 narrow). vestigial stigmas and ovaries. Phenology: Dioecious with equal ratio of males to females Flowers. Origin: Native. (50 : 50). This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1741b 3 Jul 2004 Valerie Soza 1740b 2 Jul 2004 WTU-408874, WTU-V-022287 WTU-408864, WTU-V-022278 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium argense Dempster & Ehrend. Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. tomentellum Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Southeast end of Nelson Range, Hunter U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Mountain, ca. 1 mile up Hunter Mountain Rd Panamint Range, Telescope Peak trail from from Saline Valley Rd. Mahogany Flats, just north of Telescope Peak Elev. 6500 ft. summit. 36° 32' 11" N, 117° 32' 14" W Elev. 10800-10900 ft. East- to southeast-facing, rocky slopes above 36° 10' 23" N, 117° 5' 17" W road, in loose silty soil. Growing in between Alongside trail on east-facing slopes of ridgetop, rocks or under pines. Associated with Arabis in rock crevices of rock outcrops. Associated sp., Arenaria, Artemisia tridentata, Astragalus cf. with Artemisia dracunculus, A. tridentata, lentiginosus, Bromus tectorum, Castilleja Eriogonum umbellatum cf. versicolor, Heuchera applegatei, Ceanothus greggii vestitus, rubescens alpicola, Lupinus cf. argenteus, Cordylanthus, Elymus elymoides, Ephedra Pellaea breweri, Pinus longaeva, and Ribes viridis, Ericameria linearifolia, Erigeron, cereum cereum. Very rare, ca. 10 individuals Eriogonum fasciculatum, E. cf. panamintense, observed. Matted perennial up to 2 in. tall, not E. umbellatum, Pinus monophylla, Platyopuntia, woody. Plant densely fine hairy. Flowers finely Poa secunda, and Purshia glandulosa. Common short-hairy, cream yellow with pink tips. Leaves perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at base and ovate. Dioecious with females and males in lower 1/2 of stem. Plant glabrous, leaves equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant female with lanceolate to widely lanceolate. Corolla +/- well-developed stigmas and minute anthers. glabrous, campanulate, and cream colored. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Dioecious with males and females in equal ration (50 : 50). This plant female. Phenology: Valerie Soza 1741a 3 Jul 2004 Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-408863, WTU-V-022277 Valerie Soza 1742a 4 Jul 2004 WTU-408873, WTU-V-022288 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium argense Dempster & Ehrend. Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. inyoense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Southeast end of Nelson Range, Hunter U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Mountain, ca. 1 mile up Hunter Mountain Rd Eastern Sierra Nevada, North Fork Oak Creek, from Saline Valley Rd. Baxter Pass Trail. Elev. 6500 ft. Elev. 6700 ft. 36° 32' 11" N, 117° 32' 14" W 36° 50' 35" N, 118° 18' 40" W East- to southeast-facing, rocky slopes above NNE-facing, rocky slope above creek, in pine road, in loose silty soil. Growing in between duff and gravelly silty soil. Associated with Abies rocks or under pines. Associated with Arabis cf. magnifica, Artemisia tridentata, Eriogonum sp., Arenaria, Artemisia tridentata, Astragalus cf. umbellatum, Lomatium, Melica stricta, lentiginosus, Bromus tectorum, Castilleja Monardella, Penstemon, Pinus ponderosa, applegatei, Ceanothus greggii vestitus, Quercus cf. kelloggii, Ribes, and Rosa. Cordylanthus, Elymus elymoides, Ephedra Perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at base, viridis, Ericameria linearifolia, Erigeron, spreading by long horizontal stems and roots. Eriogonum fasciculatum, E. cf. panamintense, Stems and leaves scabrous. Corolla glabrous or E. umbellatum, Pinus monophylla, Platyopuntia, short-hairy throughout, campanulate, and cream Poa secunda, and Purshia glandulosa. Common colored but red in bud. Leaves ovate. Fruits perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at base and long-hairy. Dioecious with males and females in lower 1/2 of stem. Plant glabrous, leaves equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant male. lanceolate to widely lanceolate. Corolla +/- Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. glabrous, campanulate, and cream colored. Dioecious with males and females in equal Valerie Soza 1743b 4 Jul 2004 ration (50 : 50). This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-408889, WTU-V-022210 Valerie Soza 1742b 4 Jul 2004 Rubiaceae WTU-408872, WTU-V-022286 Galium matthewsii A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Eastern Sierra Nevada, North Fork Oak Creek, Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. inyoense Dempster & Baxter Pass Trail. Ehrend. Elev. 6600 ft. 36° 50' 38" N, 118° 18' 22" W U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: South-facing, steep, rocky sandy gravelly slope Eastern Sierra Nevada, North Fork Oak Creek, above creek. Associated with Achnatherum Baxter Pass Trail. speciosum, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Elev. 6700 ft. Artemisia tridentata, Bromus tectorum, 36° 50' 35" N, 118° 18' 40" W Cercocarpus ledifolius, Elymus elymoides, NNE-facing, rocky slope above creek, in pine Ericameria linearifolia, Ephedra viridis, duff and gravelly silty soil. Associated with Abies Eriogonum fasciculatum, Lomatium, Melica cf. magnifica, Artemisia tridentata, Eriogonum stricta, Pinus monophylla, Quercus kelloggii, umbellatum, Lomatium, Melica stricta, and Ribes. Perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at Monardella, Penstemon, Pinus ponderosa, base. Plant +/- glabrous, leaves lanceolate with Quercus cf. kelloggii, Ribes, and Rosa. a few hairs. Corollas cream colored, hispid at Perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at base, tips, and shallowly campanulate. Dioecious with spreading by long horizontal stems and roots. males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50). This Stems and leaves scabrous. Corolla glabrous or plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. short-hairy throughout, campanulate, and cream Origin: Native. colored but red in bud. Leaves ovate. Fruits long-hairy. Dioecious with males and females in Valerie Soza 1744a 4 Jul 2004 equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-408871, WTU-V-022285 Valerie Soza 1743a 4 Jul 2004 WTU-408890, WTU-V-022212 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium matthewsii A. Gray Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. subalpinum (Hilend & J.T. Howell) Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Eastern Sierra Nevada, North Fork Oak Creek, U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Baxter Pass Trail. Eastern Sierra Nevada, Inconsolable Range, Elev. 6600 ft. North Fork Big Pine Creek Trail to Big Pine 36° 50' 38" N, 118° 18' 22" W Lakes to Sixth Lake. South-facing, steep, rocky sandy gravelly slope Elev. 11200 ft. above creek. Associated with Achnatherum 37° 8' 9" N, 118° 30' 34" W speciosum, Apocynum androsaemifolium, Open, sunny, southwest-facing talus slope Artemisia tridentata, Bromus tectorum, above lake shore, growing in between rocks. Cercocarpus ledifolius, Elymus elymoides, Associated with Achillea millefolium, Apocynum Ericameria linearifolia, Ephedra viridis, androsaemifolium, Aquilegia pubescens, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Lomatium, Melica Castilleja cf. applegatei, Cystopteris fragilis, stricta, Pinus monophylla, Quercus kelloggii, Draba cf. corrugata, Erigonum nudum, and Ribes. Perennial, up to 12 in. tall, woody at Leptodactylon pungens, Melica stricta, base. Plant +/- glabrous, leaves lanceolate with Monardella, Phacelia hastata compacta, and a few hairs. Corollas cream colored, hispid at Pinus. Localized, mat-forming perennial up to tips, and shallowly campanulate. Dioecious with 2-3 in. tall. Plant densely minutely hairy. Leaves males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50). This ovate. Corollas greenish yellow to cream plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. colored, but red in bud, rotate, and glabrous. Dioecious with equal male to female ratio (50 : Valerie Soza 1744b 4 Jul 2004 50). This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-408888, WTU-V-022209 Valerie Soza 1745b 5 Jul 2004 Rubiaceae WTU-408897, WTU-V-022218 Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. subalpinum (Hilend & Rubiaceae J.T. Howell) Ehrend. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Eastern Sierra Nevada, Inconsolable Range, U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MONO COUNTY: North Fork Big Pine Creek Trail to Big Pine Sierra Nevada, Lee Vining Canyon, above Poole Powerhouse, south Lakes to Sixth Lake. of Hwy 120. Elev. 11200 ft. Elev. 8200 ft. 37° 8' 9" N, 118° 30' 34" W 37° 56' 30" N, 119° 12' 50" W Open, sunny, southwest-facing talus slope Steep, north-facing, rocky slope with snow melt, alongside small above lake shore, growing in between rocks. stream, in wet soil and shade. At edge of coniferous forest and Associated with Achillea millefolium, Apocynum Cornus and Salix thickets. Associated with Abies, Cornus sericea, androsaemifolium, Aquilegia pubescens, Pinus, Salix cf. jepsonii, and Thalictrum fendleri. Scarce perennial, Castilleja cf. applegatei, Cystopteris fragilis, up to 3-4 in. tall. Stems and leaves glabrous, only a few hairs along Draba cf. corrugata, Erigonum nudum, leaf margins. 6 leaves per node. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Leptodactylon pungens, Melica stricta, Native. Monardella, Phacelia hastata compacta, and Pinus. Localized, mat-forming perennial up to Valerie Soza 1747 6 Jul 2004 2-3 in. tall. Plant densely minutely hairy. Leaves ovate. Corollas greenish yellow to cream Herbarium: WTU colored, but red in bud, rotate, and glabrous. Dioecious with equal male to female ratio (50 : Rubiaceae 50). This plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium bifolium S. Watson Valerie Soza 1745a 5 Jul 2004 U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, TUOLUMNE COUNTY: Sierra Nevada, east of Tioga Pass along trail to Mount Dana. WTU-408887, WTU-V-022207 Elev. 10082 ft. 37° 54' 32" N, 119° 14' 55" W Gentle, west-facing, open slope, in gravelly moist soil of meadow, in pine forest. Associated with Carex, Collinsia, Pinus contorta, Poa, Senecio integerrimus exaltatus, and Veratrum. Locally abundant annual, glabrous. Leaves 4 per node, unequal in size. Fruit solitary in axils, hooked-hairy, pedicels recurved. Flower hermaphroditic and 3-lobed. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1748 6 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. warnerense Dempster modocense Dempster & Ehrend. & Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MODOC COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Eastern Warner Mountains, North Emerson Lake. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Oregon: S2 (Imperiled; Elev. 7950 ft. OBIC)] 41° 16' 8" N, 120° 10' 31.5" W Elev. 4700 ft. South-facing slope above lake with large volcanic talus, densely North-facing rocky slope with large volcanic rocks. Slope sunny and vegetated with shrubs Artemisia tridentata, Holodiscus microphyllus, open, predominantly covered in grasses with scattered junipers, dry and Ribes. Growing in small opening of talus with Castilleja cf. soil. Associated with Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Antennaria applegatei, Circaea alpina ssp. pacifica, Cryptantha simulans, microphylla, Artemisia tridentata, Balsamhoriza sagittata, Bromus cf. Hackelia micrantha, Leptodactylon pungens, Lupinus arbustus, and trinii, B. sp., Chrysothamnus parryi, C. viscidiflorus, Festuca, Paeonia. Locally common perennial, up to 8-10 in. tall, woody at Juniperus, Leymus, Potentilla, Ribes, Stephanomeria, and base, minutely papillate. Corolla +/- rotate, cream colored, and Tetradymia canescens. Scattered perennial, up to 2-4 in. tall, woody glabrous. Fruits long-hairy. Leaves ovate with pointy tip. Dioecious at base. Plant minutely puberulent. Leaves lanceolate to narrowly with equal ratio of males to females (50 : 50). This plant female. elliptic with tips reflexed. Fruits straight-hairy. Most plants vegetative; Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. males observed past flower. This plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1749a 7 Jul 2004 Valerie Soza 1754a 8 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. modocense Dempster & Ehrend. Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. warnerense Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MODOC COUNTY: Eastern Warner Mountains, North Emerson Lake. U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Elev. 7950 ft. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Oregon: S2 (Imperiled; 41° 16' 8" N, 120° 10' 31.5" W OBIC)] South-facing slope above lake with large volcanic talus, densely Elev. 4700 ft. vegetated with shrubs Artemisia tridentata, Holodiscus microphyllus, North-facing rocky slope with large volcanic rocks. Slope sunny and and Ribes. Growing in small opening of talus with Castilleja cf. open, predominantly covered in grasses with scattered junipers, dry applegatei, Circaea alpina ssp. pacifica, Cryptantha simulans, soil. Associated with Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Antennaria Hackelia micrantha, Leptodactylon pungens, Lupinus arbustus, and microphylla, Artemisia tridentata, Balsamhoriza sagittata, Bromus cf. Paeonia. Locally common perennial, up to 8-10 in. tall, woody at trinii, B. sp., Chrysothamnus parryi, C. viscidiflorus, Festuca, base, minutely papillate. Corolla +/- rotate, cream colored, and Juniperus, Leymus, Potentilla, Ribes, Stephanomeria, and glabrous. Fruits long-hairy. Leaves ovate with pointy tip. Dioecious Tetradymia canescens. Scattered perennial, up to 2-4 in. tall, woody with equal ratio of males to females (50 : 50). This plant male. at base. Plant minutely puberulent. Leaves lanceolate to narrowly Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. elliptic with tips reflexed. Fruits straight-hairy. Most plants vegetative; males observed past flower. This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Valerie Soza 1749b 7 Jul 2004 Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1754b 8 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, MODOC COUNTY: Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. warnerense Dempster Eastern Warner Mountains, along North Emerson Trail. & Ehrend. Elev. 6300 ft. 41° 15' 27" N, 120° 8' 54" W U.S.A., OREGON, LAKE COUNTY: Gravelly rocky bench of stream, in moist sandy soil. Abies magnifica [locality and coordinates withheld; status in Oregon: S2 (Imperiled; forest. Associated with Aquilegia formosa, Bromus, Carex, OBIC)] Epilobium, Heracleum, Mimulus guttatus, Poa, Symphoricarpos, Elev. 4700 ft. Urtica, and Veronica. Localized perennial, +/- glabrous. Some plants North-facing rocky slope with large volcanic rocks. Slope sunny and with hairs/prickles on leaf margins. 6 leaves per node. Fruits with open, predominantly covered in grasses with scattered junipers, dry hooked hairs. Flowers 4-lobed, hermaphroditic, green in bud, pink soil. Associated with Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Antennaria when open. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. microphylla, Artemisia tridentata, Balsamhoriza sagittata, Bromus cf. trinii, B. sp., Chrysothamnus parryi, C. viscidiflorus, Festuca, Valerie Soza 1753 7 Jul 2004 Juniperus, Leymus, Potentilla, Ribes, Stephanomeria, and Tetradymia canescens. Scattered perennial, up to 2-4 in. tall, woody Herbarium: WTU at base. Plant minutely puberulent. Leaves lanceolate to narrowly elliptic with tips reflexed. Fruits straight-hairy. Most plants vegetative; males observed past flower. This plant vegetative. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1754c 8 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium bolanderi A. Gray U.S.A., OREGON, KLAMATH COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: 4 miles west of Ft. Klamath along Crater Lake Hwy 62, south side of Siskiyou Mountains, Carberry Creek Rd, ca. 3 miles from Applegate hwy. Rd. Elev. 4300 ft. Elev. 2300 ft. 42° 44' 35.5" N, 122° 2' 42" W 42° 3' 1" N, 123° 9' 44" W Alongside highway at edge of gravel and near margin of farm. Above road, alongside old roadbed, on east-facing slope. Associated Associated with Carex, Castilleja, Festuca, Poa, Potentilla, and with Arctostaphylos, Campanula prenanthoides, Ceanothus Senecio. Localized perennial, erect up to 14 in. tall. Flower 4-lobed, integerrimus, Lonicera, Lotus purshiana, Pseudotsuga menziesii, white, and hermaphroditic; corolla glabrous. Fruit with short hairs, Quercus, Rubus, and Xerophyllum tenax. Scarce perennial, +/- curved upwards but not hooked. Leaves 4 per node, thick, 3-veined, erect, up to 14 in. tall, woody above base. Leaves linear-lanceolate widely linear, minutely scabrous, and with margins curled under. to elliptic. Stems, leaves, and fruits hairy. Corolla +/- glabrous. Stems +/- glabrous, minutely scabrous on angles. Phenology: Dioecious with males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50); males with Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. more linear leaves. This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1755 8 Jul 2004 Valerie Soza 1758b 9 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium parisiense L. Galium ambiguum W. Wight ssp. siskiyouense (Ferris) Dempster & Stebbins U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Siskiyou Mountains, 4 miles northwest of Butte Falls along Butte U.S.A., OREGON, JOSEPHINE COUNTY: Falls Rd, north side of road, in vicinity of Poverty Flat. Siskiyou Mountains, dirt road heading east, up to ridgetop, from Elev. 2300 ft. Onion Mountain Rd (Hwy 25), ca. 1 mile north of junction of NFD 42° 34' 18" N, 122° 37' 49" W 243 (Swede Basin Rd), NFD 2524 (Spalding Mill Rd), and Hwy 25. Disturbed, flat area, clay soil. Associated with Allophyllum, Elev. 4050 ft. Amelanchier, Arbutus menziesii, Arctostaphylos, Ceanothus cf. 42° 22' 40" N, 123° 38' 22.5" W cuneatus, Hypericum, Juncus, Lonicera, Madia, Mimulus guttatus, Flat, formerly graded area on northwest-facing slope, in decaying Navarretia, Panicum, Pinus jeffreyi, Poa, Quercus, Rubus, Salix, and bark mulch over dry, gravelly soil. Abies concolor, Calocedrus Toxicodendron diversilobum. Occasional annual beneath shrubs, decurrens, and Pseudotsuga menziesii forest. Associated with erect to sprawling. Stems minutely retrorse scabrous. Leaves up to 6 Arctostaphylos nevadensis, A. patula, Berberis aquifolium, per node, margins and underside midrib scabrous. Flowers greenish Ceanothus cordulatus, Eriogonum nudum, and Rubus leucodermis. red in bud, 4-lobed, and hermaphroditic. Fruits hooked-hairy. Locally common, low-growing perennial, not woody above base, Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Introduced. spreading rhizomatously. Stems +/- erect, up to 2 in. tall, and hispid. Leaves hispid, linear, flat in cross-section, and with acute apical hair. Valerie Soza 1756 9 Jul 2004 Corolla pale yellow, 2 mm wide, +/- glabrous with short fine ciliate hairs along corolla lobe margins. Male plant with conspicuous Herbarium: WTU anthers, minute pistils, and glabrous ovaries. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1760 10 Jul 2004 Galium bolanderi A. Gray Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., OREGON, JACKSON COUNTY: Rubiaceae Siskiyou Mountains, Carberry Creek Rd, ca. 3 miles from Applegate Rd. Galium oreganum Britton Elev. 2300 ft. 42° 3' 1" N, 123° 9' 44" W U.S.A., OREGON, LINN COUNTY: Above road, alongside old roadbed, on east-facing slope. Associated Iron Mountain Trailhead off Forest Service Rd 15, south of Hwy 20, with Arctostaphylos, Campanula prenanthoides, Ceanothus Tombstone Pass area. integerrimus, Lonicera, Lotus purshiana, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Elev. 4000 ft. Quercus, Rubus, and Xerophyllum tenax. Scarce perennial, +/- 44° 23' 36" N, 122° 8' 52.5" W erect, up to 14 in. tall, woody above base. Leaves linear-lanceolate Abies cf. amabilis and Tsuga forest. Associated with Achlys triphylla, to elliptic. Stems, leaves, and fruits hairy. Corolla +/- glabrous. cf. Blechnum spicant, Clintonia uniflora, Cornus canadensis, Linnaea Dioecious with males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50); males with borealis, Rubus pedatus, R. sp., and Smilacina racemosa. Locally more linear leaves. This plant female. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: common perennial, +/- erect. Plant glabrous except for ciliate leaf Native. margins. Leaves 4 per node, widely elliptic, and 3-veined. Flowers cream colored and hermaphroditic. Ovaries with short hairs, curved Valerie Soza 1758a 9 Jul 2004 upwards. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1761 10 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Galium palustre L. Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., OREGON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Highway 99 between Interstate Highway 5 (I-5) Wenatchee Mountains, Bean Creek Trail from Beverly Turnpike and Drain, between the highway and a smaller Trail, just above junction, ca. 1/2 mile from trailhead. road paralleling it to the north. Elev. 4100 ft. Elev. 363 ft. 47° 23' 45" N, 120° 52' 23" W UTM Zone 10, 479763E, 4838898N; WGS 84, Northwest-facing, moderate, rocky slope above creek, in dry gravelly uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, soil. Pseudotsuga menziesii forest. Associated with Achillea Georef'd by Joseph Stormer millefolium, Artemisia cf. douglasiana, Aspidotis densa, Draba cf. Scrambling over other plants including Carex nemorosa, Elymus glaucus, Eriogonum compositum compositum, scoparia at edge of wetland. Flowers white. Lomatium nudicaule, Lupinus, and Phacelia hastata leucophylla. Reference specimen for illustration in Revision Locally common perennial, +/- erect, up to 10 in. tall, woody at base. of Flora of the Pacific Northwest WTU Stems and leaves puberulent. Leaves narrowly elliptic. Corolla Herbarium, 2016. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: glabrous, light yellow to pink. Fruit densely long-hairy. Dioecious with Native. males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant female. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Barbara L. Wilson 17571 Valerie Soza 1762a 12 Jul 2004 15 Jun 2013 Herbarium: WTU WTU-398565, WTU-V-030500

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. wenatchicum Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Dempster & Ehrend. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: On grounds of West Seattle Nursery and Wenatchee Mountains, Bean Creek Trail from Beverly Turnpike Garden Center, 5275 California Avenue Trail, just above junction, ca. 1/2 mile from trailhead. Southwest, Seattle. Elev. 4100 ft. Elev. 90 m. 47° 23' 45" N, 120° 52' 23" W 47.554° N, 122.387° W; Source: Specimen Northwest-facing, moderate, rocky slope above creek, in dry gravelly Label soil. Pseudotsuga menziesii forest. Associated with Achillea Weed. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. millefolium, Artemisia cf. douglasiana, Aspidotis densa, Draba cf. nemorosa, Elymus glaucus, Eriogonum compositum compositum, A. L. Jacobson 25539C Lomatium nudicaule, Lupinus, and Phacelia hastata leucophylla. Locally common perennial, +/- erect, up to 10 in. tall, woody at base. 6 Jul 2011 Stems and leaves puberulent. Leaves narrowly elliptic. Corolla glabrous, light yellow to pink. Fruit densely long-hairy. Dioecious with WTU-400278, WTU-V-006772 males and females in equal ratio (50 : 50). This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1762b 12 Jul 2004 Galium trifidum L. Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Shallow pond along Charter Road leading to fish Rubiaceae hatchery, south side of road. Elev. 580 m. Galium verum L. 47.1922° N, 120.96069° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Shallow pond to 2 meters deep with Typha Northeast 77th Street and 35th Avenue latifolia and Phalaris arundinacea dominant Northeast, in Wedgwood neighborhood, Seattle. along pond margin. Weakly vine-like; scattered 47.6849° N, 122.29° W; NAD 83, uncertainty: in Typha stand. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: 40 m. Native. Collected in lawn. Seems to spread mostly by rhizomes and mowing encourages spread. In Don Knoke 2079 bloom, sweet fragrance. Phenology: Flowers with David Giblin and Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 21 Oct 2010 Julie Combs 169 with Josephine Lambert WTU-405376, WTU-V-015729 6 Oct 2014 WTU-400880, WTU-V-007399 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: Along Forest Road 1115 about 2.8 miles from Along shoulder of Highway 43 ca. 2 km east of United States Highway 97. Big Hole National Battlefield. Elev. 1062 m. Elev. 1910 m. 47.25566° N, 120.72309° W; T20N R17E S5; 45.632411° N, 113.619735° W; WGS 84, WGS 84 uncertainty: 7 m., Source: GPS Dry, rocky soil; nearly level. Other plants: Gravelly road shoulder among flat valley bottom Ceanothus sanguineus, Abies grandis, Acer meadows. Large clump of stems by fenceline; glabrum. Flowers pale yellow; occasional. flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Native. Don Knoke 2411 Ben Legler 13125 11 Jun 2013 13 Jul 2014 WTU-409926, WTU-V-023935 WTU-414553, WTU-V-031812

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. Circa 3 Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest: Lower miles south of Steel Creek Campground on end of Pintler Meadows, on east side of Forest Road 2420 at South Fork Steel Creek. meadow, ca. 1 mile north of Pintler Lake. Elev. 2143 m. Elev. 1936 m. 45.57568° N, 113.34412° W; Source: GPS 45.869902° N, 113.453258° W; WGS 84, White flowers. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: uncertainty: 4 m., Source: GPS Native. Large riparian meadow dominated by Carex and grasses, with Senecio, Penstemon. Petals Sheila Olmstead 2014-3 white; scattered among graminoids in moist soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 12 Jul 2014 S. Legler 2014-05 WTU-414663, WTU-V-031648 12 Jul 2014 WTU-414495, WTU-V-031639 Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Rubiaceae U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest. Morgan Galium boreale L. Jones Lake. Approximately 2 kilometers east of Big Hole Pass. West side of lake. U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: Elev. 1730 m. Beaverhead-Deerlodge National Forest: Slopes 45.55171° N, 113.8046° W; WGS 84, around Forest Service Road 73 at first uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map switchback, ca 1/2 mile south of Big Hole Pass. Saturated soils of pond edge and adjacent wet Elev. 2263 m. and dry meadow uplands. Carex spp. dominant 45.319319° N, 113.244911° W; WGS 84, in pond edge. Scattered in open saturated soil uncertainty: 7 m., Source: GPS at edge of pond. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Rolling hills on crest of ridge, with parches of Native. Artemisia tridentata and grassy slopes and flats; dry, gravelly soil. Flowers white; plants frequent Veanna Willard 14-35 in mesic depressions. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 12 Jul 2014 Ben Legler 13110 WTU-412320, WTU-V-026886 13 Jul 2014 WTU-412323, WTU-V-026883 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: North side of Mount Adams. Road 115. Southwest side of Mount Adams. Cascade Creek. Elev. 1356 m. Elev. 1166 m. 46° 20.986' N, 121° 30.81' W; Source: Field notes 46° 8.958' N, 121° 34.489' W; Source: Field notes Growing at base of a rotted stump in the wetter part of the meadow; Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. 5° slope, south aspect. Uncommon. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. David Biek 05-146 25 Jul 2005 with Susan McDougall David Biek 04-197 17 Jul 2004 with Susan McDougall Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Tieton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Road approximately 3 kilometers south of North side of Mount Adams. Road 115. junction with Highway 12. Large rock face on Elev. 1356 m. west side of road near Milk Creek Road. Goose 46° 20.986' N, 121° 30.81' W; Source: Field notes Egg Mountain. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 1000 m. 46.65067° N, 121.0999° W; WGS 84, David Biek 04-221 17 Jul 2004 uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map with Susan McDougall East-facing talus and loose soil slope with Holodiscus discolor, Phacelia hastata, and Herbarium: WTU Prunus emarginata. Scattered among rocks in loose, open soil; forming compact mats. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae David Giblin 5272 18 Jun 2014 Galium trifidum L. WTU-409592, WTU-V-023592 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Northwest side of Mount Adams. Spring Creek Meadow. Elev. 1356 m. Rubiaceae 46° 18.33' N, 121° 32.706' W; Source: Field notes Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium serpenticum Dempster David Biek 04-226 17 Jul 2004 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: with Susan McDougall Roosevelt Grade, approximately 3 kilometers north of junction with Highway 14. Herbarium: WTU Elev. 200 m. 45.7633° N, 120.1903° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map Rubiaceae Unstable south-facing slope of loose soil and cobble. Scattered across slope; corollas Galium triflorum Michx. greenish. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: David Giblin 4655 Southwest side of Mount Adams. Upper Swampy Meadows. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 26 Apr 2013 David Biek 04-244 18 Jul 2004 WTU-417968, WTU-V-039856 with Susan McDougall Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Southwest side of Mount Adams. Salt Creek Trail #75. Elev. 1021 m. 46° 7.489' N, 121° 35.319' W; Source: Field notes Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. David Biek 05-135 25 Jul 2005 with Susan McDougall Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH Fishtrap Lake area. West side of lake near COUNTY: abandoned corral. Shoulder of Bunk Foss Road ca 1/4 mile east of Elev. 670 m. Highway 9; south of Lake Stevens. 47.3253° N, 117.8774° W; WGS 84, Elev. 251 ft. uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map 47° 57' 7.74" N, 122° 5' 41.64" W Low basalt rimrock bluff with mix of scabland Very moist roadside ditch, with Rubus discolor, and loess mounds; Triteleia grandiflora, Juncus effusus. Petals 4 per flower, white, Artemisia rigida, Pseudoroegneria spicata, and longer than wide; fruits smooth; leaves mostly Leymus cinereus common. Common throughout 4-6 per node, narrow, reflexed, tips blunt; stems basalt rimrock outcroppings and loess mounds. sprawling, slender. Photographed. Reference Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. specimen for illustration in Revision of Flora of the Pacific Northwest WTU Herbarium, 2016. David Giblin 4147 Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 23 May 2012 Wallace Davis s.n. 28 Jun 2015 WTU-418315, WTU-V-039376 WTU-407457, WTU-V-020934 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRANT COUNTY: Umatilla National Forest: along East Fork Clear Creek 1 air mile due Columbia River, east side of river between north of Vinegar Hill. Highway 243 and river. Below pullout for Elev. 2066 m. parking. 44.725329° N, 118.559638° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 17 m., Elev. 157 m. Source: GPS, Georef'd by Ben Legler 46.80574° N, 119.92218° W; WGS 84, Wet meadow partly shaded by subalpine conifer forest, dominated uncertainty: 5 m. by Carex. Flowers white; plants sprawling in saturated moss. Basalt rimrock transitioning from dry, sandy Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. areas to moist, sandy areas in zone of periodic inundation. Uncommon in mesic meadow along Ben Legler 12173 16 Aug 2011 shoreline. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. with Nick Otting, Richard Brainerd Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Ben Legler 11399 with David Giblin Rubiaceae 16 Jun 2009 Galium oreganum Britton WTU-405305, WTU-V-015151 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Gifford-Pinchot National Forest: along Ed's Trail about 200 meters Rubiaceae from trailhead, 2.6 air km north of Silver Star Mountain. Elev. 988 m. Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. 45.770853° N, 122.244519° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 20 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Ben Legler U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: Lush, moist thickets of shrubs (Alnus viridis, Acer circinatun, and Lake Vancouver. Southern end of lake Prunus emarginata) and tall, herbaceous vegetation, with scattered accessed by La Frambois Road. 400 meters Abies. Flowers cream-colored; stems in loose patches along trail. west of parking area. Phenology: Flowers. 45.66582° N, 122.72184° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map, Ben Legler 13061 29 Jun 2014 Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Lakeshore riparian area with sandy soil; Herbarium: WTU overstory dominated by Populus trichocarpa and Salix sp., understory with Phalaris arundinacea. Locally common; flowers white; sprawling across adjacent plants. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. David Giblin 2993 26 Jun 2009 WTU-405302, WTU-V-015148 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Gifford Pinchot National Forest: along Skate Puget Sound Energy Wild Horse Wind Facility, Creek Road at old gravel pit directly across from north-south drainage between Government and junction with FS Road 5240, 15 air km Thorn Springs, Whiskey Dick Creek watershed. northwest of Packwood. Elev. 3225 ft. Elev. 779 m. 47.03608° N, 120.19645° W 46.702357° N, 121.81115° W; WGS 84, Shrub-steppe/sagebrush/open woodland uncertainty: 9 m., Source: GPS, Georef'd by habitat, lower portion of east-facing slope, shady Ben Legler area under pine next to dry drainage channel, Dry, disturbed, gravelly soil, sparsely vegetated; deep soil with pine needles covering surface. surrounded by mature conifer forest of Other plants: Pinus ponderosa, Artemisia Pseudotsuga menziesii and Abies procera. tridentata (short), grasses, Polemonium Stems spreading, prostrate; rare weed. micranthum, Nemophila breviflora, Chorispora Phenology: Fruits. tenella, Lithophragma parviflorum. Plants 25-40 centimeters tall, square-stemmed annual, stem Ben Legler 13336 22 Sep 2014 weak and raspy/clasping, tiny white flowers, 4 with Sara Legler petals; abundant in patch growing under pine. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-407194, WTU-V-020357 Ron Bockelman 15-32 5 May 2015 Rubiaceae WTU-407808, WTU-V-021883 Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LEWIS COUNTY: Rest Area along Highway 12, 8 km southwest of Galium triflorum Michx. Packwood. Elev. 283 m. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: 46.552888° N, 121.736961° W; WGS 84, Payette National Forest. Forest Road 361. Approximately 8 uncertainty: 15 m., Source: GPS, Georef'd by kilometers northeast from junction with Forest Road 48. Ben Legler Elev. 1534 m. Gravelly soil on edge of pavement, with Digitaria 45.06506° N, 115.73664° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., sanguinalis, Polygonum aviculare. Occasional Source: GPS weed. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. North-facing slope with Carex rossii, Arnica cordifolia and burnt stand of Pinus ponderosa; Trifolium repens common throughout. Ben Legler 13341 Locally common in seasonally moist roadside ditch. Phenology: with Sara Legler Fruits. Origin: Native. 22 Sep 2014 Mike Carlson 15-52 12 Jul 2015 with Veanna Willard, Audrey Ragsac, David Giblin WTU-407193, WTU-V-020358 Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: Naches Ranger District. Payette National Forest. Profile Creek Road. Elev. 3800 ft. Approximately 3 kilometers from intersection 47.0392° N, 121.2494° W with Stibnite Road. Seep in forested area. Canopy cover 60%. Elev. 1718 m. Plants nearby: Picea engelmannii, Carex sp., 44.97774° N, 115.41935° W; WGS 84, Pseudotsuga menziesii, Thuja plicata, Tsuga uncertainty: 10 m., Source: GPS mertensiana, Scirpus micranthus, Abies grandis, East-facing rocky slope with loose soil. Locally Larix occidentalis. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: common at base of slope. Phenology: Flowers Native. and Fruits. Origin: Native. Jeanmarie Wheeler s.n. Don Estberg 2015-39 with Russ Holmes, David Giblin 8 Jun 2015 11 Jul 2015 WTU-405972, WTU-V-17942 WTU-417748, WTU-V-038941 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH Around Buckhorn Bar Campground along Forest COUNTY: Service Road 674; South Fork Salmon River. Snohomish. Nearest cross street: 38th Street Elev. 1152 m. Southeast and Dubuque Road. 44.936949° N, 115.669237° W; WGS 84, Elev. 275 ft. uncertainty: 19 m., Source: GPS 47° 57' 42" N, 122° 3' 42" W; T29N R6E S32 Moist, mature conifer forest with seepy areas; On largely bare ground under a cedar/Douglas Cornus sericea, Symphoricarpos, Rosa. fir canopy. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Common in wet soil by a small brushy spring. Introduced. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Wallace Davis s.n. Ben Legler 13747 with Sara Legler, John Bassett, Veanna Willard, 3 May 2016 Mike Carlson WTU-409298, WTU-V-023272 11 Jul 2015 Rubiaceae WTU-416334, WTU-V-035250 Galium palustre L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAGIT COUNTY: Rubiaceae East of Interstate 5 south of Mount Vernon at Carpenter Creek Farm at 20177 East Stackpole Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) Road. Dempster 48.374389° N, 122.311541° W Growing with Bidens amplissima. Phenology: U.S.A., IDAHO, VALLEY COUNTY: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Along Forest Service Road 674 on west bank of South Fork Salmon River just south of junction Jared Mitts 2016-1 with East Fork Salmon River. Elev. 1135 m. 24 Jun 2016 45.003155° N, 115.718227° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 19 m., Source: GPS WTU-410231, WTU-V-024305 West-facing rock road cut among burned conifer forest, with Chamerion angustifolium, Sedum stenopetalum, Heuchera cylindrica, shrubs. Stems sprawling; in loose soil at base of rock. Rubiaceae Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium palustre L. S. Legler 2015-26 with Ben Legler, John Bassett, Veanna Willard, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: Mike Carlson Shoulder of Forest Service Road 4032 ca 1 road km northeast of where road crosses Mallardy Creek. 11 Jul 2015 Elev. 533 m. 48.057801° N, 121.649271° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 29 m., WTU-415494, WTU-V-033760 Source: GPS, Georef'd by Ben Legler Moist gravelly soil on road shoulder, shaded by second-growth conifers, with Athyrum felix-femina, Ranunculus repens, Tolmeia menziesii. Corolla white, mostly 4-lobed, the lobes ca 1.5 x as long Rubiaceae as wide; inflorescence branches widely spreading; rhizomatous perennial with slender stems clamboring among other vegetation, Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. forming a large patch on roadside, with a few other plants scattered up road. Photographed. Phenology: Flowers. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, JEFFERSON COUNTY: Ben Legler 14234 30 Jul 2016 Edge of parking area at stock trailhead for Duckabush River Trail. Herbarium: WTU Elev. 90 m. 47.684276° N, 123.039243° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6 m., Source: GPS Grassy parking area used for unloading horses, bordered by young Alnus rubra and Pseudotsuga trees; moist gravelly soil with thin layer of leaf litter. Flowers white, rather showy; plants rhizomatous, forming a large patch ca 2 meters wide, naturalized. Photographed. Phenology: Flowers. Ben Legler 14055 7 May 2016 WTU-418984, WTU-V-041887 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH COUNTY: North Bend near Gardiners Creek. In an old golf course converted to green space, on northwest side of 47.50768° N, 121.80239° W; Source: GPS Lake Ballinger west of Hall Creek. Scrub-shrub wetland. Salix, Douglas' spiraea, Elev. 86 m. Rubus spectabilis, Cornus sericea common. 47.787499° N, 122.331953° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4 m., Athyrium filix-femina and Lysichiton americanus Source: GPS, Georef'd by Ben Legler understory. Growth Habit: Prostrate, spreading; Wet depression among rolling grassy areas, with dense carpets of flower buds. Site ID: NWCA16-4884. Visit #1. Agrostis, Galium palustre, Juncus, and patches of Bidens frondosa, Collection #Q3 (QA Voucher). Phenology: Symphyotrichum. Petals 4, white, ca 1.5 mm; plants perennial, Flowers. Origin: Native. forming tangled mats and sprawling over other vegetation, very abundant in moist grassy areas around lake perimeter. Phenology: Patricia Johnson NWCA16-4884-V1-Q3 Flowers & Fruits. 31 May 2016 Ben Legler 14418 25 Sep 2016 WTU-411067, WTU-V-025547 Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., ALASKA, KETCHIKAN GATEWAY U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: COUNTY: Revilla Island, Swan Lake northeast of East of Johns River Road. Area drains into Ketchikan. North River. Elev. 335 ft. 46.81056° N, 123.9067° W; Source: GPS UTM Zone 9, 358569E, 6168289N; T72S Beaver-impounded headwater wetland at base R92E S12 NW 1/4 of SW 1/4 of timberland slopes. Carex obnupta is Moist, undulating, moss, duff, and soil on dominant. Running water channels and woody hummocks, under tall shrub layer, in riparian debris scattered throughout. Abundance: terrace. Aspect: 335 degrees. Slope: 1%. Common. Growth Habit: Erect, climbing on Associated species: Picea engelmannii, Alnus other vegetation. Flowering. Predominantly rubra, Ribes bracteosum, Rubus spectabilis, 3-petaled flowers. Site ID: NWCA16-4883. Visit Oplopanax horridum, Vaccinium parviflorum, #1. Collection #Q3 (QA Voucher). Phenology: Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Dryopteris expansa, Flowers. Origin: Native. Athyrium filix-femina, Tiarella trifoliata, Streptopus amplexicaulis, Trisetum cernuum. Patricia Johnson NWCA16-4883-V1-Q3 Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. 12 Jul 2016 Kathryn A. Beck 201211 7 Aug 2012 WTU-411131, WTU-V-025457 WTU-412620, WTU-V-027171 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., NORTH CAROLINA, ORANGE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: University of North Carolina campus, Chapel Hill. Okanogan National Forest near Conconully. In shrub border. Weed. Origin: Introduced. Elev. 6000 ft. 48.73835° N, 119.93045° W; Source: GPS H. E. Ahles 14669 18 Jun 1956 Beaver-impounded headwater wetland. Salix farriae and Carex utriculata dominant. Growing WTU-197017 in wet channel of stream complex. Abundance: Sparse. Growth Habit: Flowering/fruiting prostrate spreading annual. Site ID: Rubiaceae NWCA16-4898. Visit #1. Collection #Q5 (QA Voucher). Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. Origin: Native. U.S.A., OREGON, POLK COUNTY: Patricia Johnson NWCA16-4898-V1-Q5 Along State Highway 22 about 0.5 mile northwest of its junction with State Highway 223; about 3 airline miles north of Dallas. 10 Aug 2016 Elev. 68 m. T7S R5W S47 WTU-411154, WTU-V-025434 On a gravel roadbank with Avena, Convolvulus, Festuca, Equisetum. Common. Richard R. Halse 3311 21 Jun 1986 WTU-313660 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLARK COUNTY: Colville National Forest, Stewart Meadow. From Colville drive east Near East Fork Washougal River. on Highway 20 about 24 miles to Rocky Creek Road #4699, then 45.66245° N, 122.33495° W; T02N R04E northwest on Rocky Creek Road about 2 miles to junction with S16 SW 1/4; Source: Specimen Label Forest Service Road #550. Go north on Forest Service Road #550 Plants growing in remnant prairie in powerline about 1 mile, then northeast about 0.5 mile on Forest Service Road row. Associated species: Symphoricarpos albus, #563. Meadow is to the east. Rubus ursinus, Cytisus scoparius, Iris tenax, 48.690189°, -117.519135°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., Aquilegia formosa, Leucanthemum vulgare, Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Sara Shiina Pteridium aquilinum, Fragaria vesca, Hypericum Associated Plants: Scirpus microcarpus, Spiraea douglasii, perforatum, Anthoxanthum odoratum. Eleocharis palustris, Salix drummondiana, Carex vesicaria, and C. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. disperma. Origin: Native. Kathryn A. Beck 201447 Kathy Ahlenslager 641 18 Jul 2001 25 Jun 2014 WTU-410715 WTU-414174, WTU-V-029909 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster ssp. serpenticum Rubiaceae U.S.A., IDAHO, CUSTER COUNTY: Galium palustre L. Trail to Thompson peak. Elev. 2500 m. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH 44° 8.895' N, 114° 59.888' W; Source: COUNTY: Specimen Label Fobes-Ebey Slough Dike Road Trail, near 3718 High steppe, interspersed with conifer stands. Fobes Road. Aspect: S. Slope: 30 degrees. Associated 47° 57' 44.2" N, 122° 7' 41.6" W; T29N R5E species: Artemisi arbuscula, Artemisia S35 ludoviciana, Linanthrastrum nuttallii, Eriogonum Located on dike several feet above water in sp. Phenology: Fertile. Origin: Native. association with grasses (dominant), blackberry, Lotus corniculatus, unidentified Asteraceae. R.C. Benkendorf 174 Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. 30 Jul 2016 Wallace Davis s.n. WTU-411544, WTU-V-025902 29 Jun 2016 WTU-414447, WTU-V-030073 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium parisiense L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ASOTIN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Blue Mountains, Upper Chitim Gulch, 4-0 Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: Ranch. Columbia River Benches: ca 5 road mi N of Elev. 2800 ft. Cedonia on wash Hwy 25. NE1/4 S5. 46.0295288° N, 117.3557099° W; T06N Elev. 1300 ft. R44E S01 NE 1/4 of NE 1/4; Source: T34N R37E S5; WGS 84, uncertainty: 969 m., Specimen Label Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Crystal Shin Plants growing on steep, dry, rocky south-facing Bench and east riverbank on west side of road; weedy slope. Aspect: 180 degrees. Slope: 40%. Pinus ponderosa; silt/ sand. Origin: Native. Associated species: Centaurea cyanus, Amsinckia sp., Bromus tectorum, Eriogonum sp. Jean Wood 129 Origin: Introduced. 31 May 1995 Kathryn A. Beck 201515 WTU-410719, WTU-V-024838 18 Jun 2015 WTU-413976, WTU-V-028794 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium bifolium S. Watson Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: U.S.A., ALASKA, JUNEAU COUNTY: Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: Juneau A-4 Quad. Chicagof Island, about 2 Storm King Mountain area, ca 6 air mi NW of miles west of Whitestone Harbor. Republic; beside Forest Road 514 ca 1 1/4 mi Elev. 305 ft. SW of junction with Forest Road 2086. NW1/4 58.0604° N, 135.1733° W; Source: Specimen S6. Label Elev. 4750 ft. Opening in forest, wetland swale. Other species: T37N R23E S6; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3000 Lysichiton americanum, Athyrium felix-femina, m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Sara Oplopanax horridus, Rubus spectabilis, Alnus Shiina sinuata, Streptopus amplexifolius, Open south/ southeast facing slopes and rock Maianthemum dilitatum, Viola glabella, Coptis outcrops on west side of road; edge of mixed asplenifolia, Gymnocarpium dryopteris, Tiarella forest, Douglas fir/ subalpine fir/ pinegrass. trifoliata. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Jean Wood 458 Brad Krieckhaus 409 28 May 1995 30 Jun 2006 WTU-410718, WTU-V-024840 WTU-407581, WTU-V-020777

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium hypotrichium A. Gray ssp. subalpinum (Hilend & U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE J.T. Howell) Ehrend. COUNTY: Colville National Forest, Stewart Meadow. From U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, INYO COUNTY: Colville drive E on Hwy 20 about 24 mi. to Eastern Sierra Nevada, Inconsolable Range, Rocky Creek Rd. #4699, then NW on Rocky Ck. North Fork Big Pine Creek Trail to Big Pine Rd. about 2 mi. to Jct. with Forest Service Rd. Lakes to Sixth Lake. #550. Go N on F.S. Rd. #550 about 1.0 mi., Elev. 11200 ft. then NE about 0.5 mi. on F.S. Rd. #563. 37° 8' 9" N, 118° 30' 34" W; Source: Meadow is to the east. Specimen Label Elev. 3550 ft. Open, sunny, southwest-facing talus slope T37N R42E S21 SW1/4 ; WGS 84, above lake shore, growing in between rocks. uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, Associated with Achillea millefolium, Apocynum Georef'd by Sara Shiina androsaemifolium, Aquilegia pubescens, Veg. Type/ Assoc. Plants: Scirpus microcarpus, Castilleja cf. applegatei, Cystopteris fragilis, Spirea douglasii, Eleocharis palustris, Salix Draba cf. corrugata, Erigonum nudum, drummondiana, Carex vesicaria and C. Leptodactylon pungens, Melica stricta, disperma. Origin: Native. Monardella, Phacelia hastata compacta, and Pinus. Localized, mat-forming perennial up to Kathy Ahlenslager 641 18 Jul 2001 2-3 in. tall. Plant densely minutely hairy. Leaves ovate. Corollas greenish yellow to cream WTU-410715, WTU-V-024841 colored, but red in bud, rotate, and glabrous. Dioecious with equal male to female ratio (50 : Rubiaceae 50). This plant male. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. Valerie Soza 1745b 5 Jul 2004 U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Port Alexander Quad.: Alexander Archipelago, WTU-408896, WTU-V-022217 Baranof Island, Red Bluff Bay, Long Lake. Elev. 305 m. Rubiaceae 59° 52.446' N, 134° 44.1' W; Source: Specimen Label Galium triflorum Michx. 25? slope on northeast aspect, steep rockslide, with alder-salmonberry thicket. Common. Origin: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Native. Coeur d'Alene National Forest. Area around bridge over Little North Fork Coeur d'Alene K. Calhoun 11 River. with B. Krieckhaus Elev. 890 m. 47.88454° N, 116.13179° W; WGS 84, 17 Jun 2004 uncertainty: 30 m., Source: Digital map Disturbed roadside edge and bouldery area WTU-407580, WTU-V-020776 along banks of river. Scattered on edge of road; whorled leaves 6. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 5891 9 Jul 2016 WTU-418513, WTU-V-039122 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Coeur d'Alene National Forest. Border of Idaho Coeur d'Alene National Forest. Forest Road and Montana (Sanders County). Forest Road 602. Approximately 2 kilometers south of 430, 0.4 miles north of Jordan Summit. trailhead for Mount Sentinel. Elev. 1552 m. Elev. 5243 ft. 47.94377° N, 116.00731° W; Source: GPS 47.7964° N, 116.0121° W; WGS 84, Flowers green. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: uncertainty: 50 m., Source: GPS Native. Locally common on edge of road; annual; corollas pink. Uncommon in seasonally moist Richard G. Olmstead 2016-63 swale. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. with Sheila Olmstead, Evan Kelly, Veanna Willard, Mike Carlson, Wendy McClure, Regina Shannon Kimball 2016-19 Johnson, Jim Duemmel, Richard Robohm, Terri Knoke 8 Jul 2016 8 Jul 2016 WTU-419405, WTU-V-042188 WTU-418497, WTU-V-039106 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium friedrichii (Knoche) N. Torres, L. Sáez, Mus & Rosselló Galium triflorum Michx. SPAIN, VALENCIA: U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: Valencia. Jardin Botanico Valencia. Coeur d'Alene National Forest: where Forest 39.4757° N, 0.3861° W; WGS 84, Source: Service Road 805 crosses Eagle Creek. GPS Elev. 917 m. Jardin Botanico #327-99 "Ibiza + Formentera". 47.685794° N, 115.875966° W; WGS 84, Phenology: Flowers. Cultivated. uncertainty: 9 m., Source: GPS Moist, open conifer forest and brushy stream Richard G. Olmstead 2004-4 bottoms bisected by gravel road, with Abies grandis, Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla. 19 May 2004 Flowers green; sprawling over other herbs; occasional. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-417250, WTU-V-036961 Terri Knoke 2016-14 9 Jul 2016 Rubiaceae WTU-419368, WTU-V-042196 Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, ADAMS COUNTY: Along the north side of Highway 26. East of Rubiaceae Washtucna and the intersection with Old SR-26. Elev. 1130 ft. Galium triflorum Michx. 46.75421° N, 118.1839° W; Source: Specimen Label U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: In seeps in vertical rock face. Growing with Coeur d'Alene National Forest: where Forest Erythranthe moschata, Equisetum, and Service Road 805 crosses Eagle Creek. Scrophularia lanceolata. Rare. Elev. 917 m. 47.685794° N, 115.875966° W; WGS 84, Jeff Walker 940 uncertainty: 9 m., Source: GPS Moist, open conifer forest and brushy stream 30 May 2017 bottoms bisected by gravel road, with Abies grandis, Thuja plicata, Tsuga heterophylla. WTU-414989, WTU-V-032755 Flowers white; sprawling over other herbs. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Terri Knoke 2016-21 Rubiaceae 9 Jul 2016 Galium sp. WTU-419345, WTU-V-042142 U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: Chena Hot Springs Road, Mile 40. River floodplain. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Unknown. Clayton Haberman s.n. 23 Jul 1990 WTU-407339, WTU-V-020465 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium sp. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH Chena Hot Springs Road, Mile 40. COUNTY: River floodplain. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Tulare Beach. Introduced. 48.101763°, -122.343202°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 650 m., Source: GeoLocate, Clayton Haberman s.n. Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Roadside. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: 23 Jul 1990 Native. WTU-407340, WTU-V-020466 Clayton Haberman s.n. 18 Jan 2001 WTU-407374, WTU-V-020500 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium pilosum Aiton Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WISCONSIN, WAUSHARA COUNTY: : County Road V, east Hancock. Southeast Alaska-northwest British 44.13383°, -89.449363°; WGS 84, Columbia-southwest Yukon Territory. uncertainty: 3742 m., Source: Digital Map, Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Roadside. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Clayton Haberman s.n. Origin: Native. Jul 1988 Clayton Haberman s.n. WTU-407375, WTU-V-020501 3 Jul 2005 WTU-407341, WTU-V-020467

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium parisiense L. CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: U.S.A., WISCONSIN, WAUSHARA COUNTY: Watson Lake. County Road V, east Hancock. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 44.13383°, -89.449363°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3742 m., Source: Digital Map, Clayton Haberman s.n. Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Roadside. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. 30 Jun 1990 Origin: Introduced. WTU-407378, WTU-V-020504 Clayton Haberman s.n. 6 Jul 2010 WTU-407342, WTU-V-020468 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WISCONSIN, WAUSHARA COUNTY: Hancock. CANADA, YUKON TERRITORY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Haines Junction, Alaska [Highway]. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Clayton Haberman s.n. Clayton Haberman s.n. 30 Jun 2000 2 Jul 1990 WTU-407379, WTU-V-020505 WTU-407343, WTU-V-020469 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SNOHOMISH U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: COUNTY: Kelly Butte Trailhead at end of Forest Service Road 7030. Tulare Beach. Elev. 1320 m. 48.101763°, -122.343202°; WGS 84, 47.163182° N, 121.473862° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 17 m., uncertainty: 650 m., Source: GeoLocate, Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Ben Legler Georef'd by Maria Yousoufian Gravel roadside among upper-montane conifer forest, with Salix, [Attached fragment packet labeled Galium Fragaria virginiana, Chamerion latifolium, Galium oreganum. aparine var. echinospermum, east side Pt. Flowers greenish-yellow; stems erect, in loose clumps or diffuse Susan, Tulare Beach, 8/13/88.] Phenology: patches; frequent. Phenology: Flowers. Fruits. Origin: Native. Ben Legler 14572 15 Jul 2017 Clayton Haberman s.n. Herbarium: WTU Jun 1987 WTU-407381, WTU-V-020507 Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Colville National Forest. Smackout Valley. T38N R42E S20; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1506 U.S.A., ALASKA, SOUTHEAST FAIRBANKS m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Dan Post COUNTY: Phenology: Fruits. Tok. 63.331077°, -143.061825°; WGS 84, Ellman s.n. uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Aug 1979 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-416045, WTU-V-034571 Clayton Haberman s.n. 4 Jul 1990 WTU-407411, WTU-V-020537 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, WHEELER COUNTY: Galium boreale L. Along 3810 road by adjacent to Wolf Creek, Ochico Nat. Forest. U.S.A., ALASKA COUNTY: 44.699862°, -119.792776°; WGS 84, Highway 29, 20 miles west of junction with 97. uncertainty: 5000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Georef'd by Dan Post Riparian zone with forbs and grass. Phenology: Clayton Haberman s.n. Flowers. Origin: Native. 28 Jun 1990 David Gross 938 WTU-407412, WTU-V-020538 5 Jul 2013 WTU-413906, WTU-V-029355

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: CANADA, BRITISH COLUMBIA: Tumwater, Pioneer Street Southwest between Yellowknife Highway. Tumwater Hill and Barnes Lake. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Elev. 200 ft. 47.0098° N, 122.91782° W; Source: Clayton Haberman s.n. Specimen Label Silt loam. With Veronica americana, Myosotis 15 Jul 1987 laxa, Carex stipata, Glyceria gracilis. Roadside ditch on edge of wetland. Uncommon. WTU-407413, WTU-V-020539 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Regina Johnson 2016-047 12 Jun 2016 WTU-414364, WTU-V-031421 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: Colville National Forest, Canyon Creek, about Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: 13 miles west of Kettle Falls. Drive west of Little Twin Lakes, circa 11 air miles east of Kettle Falls on Highway 395 for 3 miles to Colville. Highway 20, then west for another 8 miles. Turn Elev. 3700 ft. south on Forest Service road #136 at the T35N R41E S4 NW1/4, also T36N R41E S33 Canyon Creek Campground. Go about 2 miles SW1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1000 m., to Road 164 and go a few yards farther to the Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph stream. Park and walk southwest upstream Stormer about 0.25 miles to the rock outcrop. Lake Shore. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Elev. 2575 ft. Origin: Native. T35N R36E S2 SW1/4 SW1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3219 m., Source: Digital Map, Jean Wood 6693 Georef'd by Isaac Afolayan Associated plants: Ceanothus sanguineus, 1 Aug 1996 Dodecatheon pulchellum and Sedum sp. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. WTU-410727, WTU-V-024974 Kirk Larson s.n. 30 Apr 1997 Rubiaceae WTU-410716, WTU-V-024842 Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE COUNTY: Galium triflorum Michx. Colville National Forest, Stewart Meadow. From Colville drive east on Highway 20 about 24 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: miles to Rocky Creek road #4699, then Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: northwest on Rocky Creek road about 2 miles to Lenhart Meadows in Little Oreille National junction with Forest Service road #550. Go north Wildlife Refuge, circa 13 air miles southeast of on Forest Service road #550 about 1 mile, the Colville along Forest Road 3927. northeast about 0.5 miles on Forest Service Elev. 3200 ft. road #563. Meadow is to the east. T34N R41E S23 NW1/4 of NW1/4; WGS 84, Elev. 3550 ft. uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Calc. from TRS, T37N R42E S21 SW1/4; WGS 84, Georef'd by Sara Shiina uncertainty: 1000 m., Source: Digital Map, Carex meadows and creek bottoms and seeps Georef'd by Sara Shiina surrounded by Douglas fir forest and grand fir; Associated plants: Scirpus microcarpus, Spiraea larch and lodgepole pine; Clintonia and douglasii, Eleocharis palustris, Salix Vaccinium scopulorum; scattered spruce; alders dummondiana, Carex vesicaria and Carex along creek. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. disperma. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. Jean Wood 1933 3 Jul 1995 Kathy Ahlenslager 651 18 Jul 2001 WTU-410728, WTU-V-024972 WTU-410722, WTU-V-024978 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PEND OREILLE Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: COUNTY: South Fork Mill Creek Drainage: Old Dominion Colville National Forest, along the Pend Oreille Mountain Meadow, circa 9 air miles northeast of River about 16 miles south of Ione. From Ione Colville; off Hanson Springs road on Forest road drive east on County road #9345, then south on 020. County road #9325 about 15 miles. Elev. 3250 ft. Elev. 2090 ft. T36N R41ES31 W1/2 of NW1/4; WGS 84, T36N R43E S15 SW1/4 SE1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 1500 m., Source: Calc. from TRS, uncertainty: 10000 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by Sara Shiina Georef'd by Crystal Shin Grazed carex marsh/meadow with surrounding Plants grow along the river. Growing with Alisma dry meadow; edges of mixed forest with plantago-aquatica, Rumex maritimu lodgepole pine and hemlock/white pine. [sic:maritimus], and Sparganium emersum. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Jean Wood 1279 24 Jun 1995 Kathy Ahlenslager 711 WTU-410721, WTU-V-024980 3 Aug 2001 WTU-410726, WTU-V-024973 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium divaricatum Pourr. ex Lam. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Colville National Forest, Empire Lake about 16 East bank of Nisqually River, 4.5 air kilometers mi. N of Republic. Drive 4.5 mi. N of Republic on northwest of Lewis Lake, Joint Base County Rd. #270, then turn N on County Rd. Lewis-McChord. #201 for 1 mi., then N on County Rd. #517 for Elev. 28 m. 3.5 mi., and then E on Forest Service Rd. #2149 46.9981° N, 122.6297° W; Source: Specimen for 0.5 mi to F.S. Rd. #2150. Take it E. for 3 mi. Label Elev. 2800 Steep sunny gravel and sand slope, dry soil, T38N R32E S12 NW 1/4 NE 1/4; WGS 84, with Heterotheca oregona, Hypericum uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Digital Map, perforatum, Buddleja davidii. Annual, scarce. Georef'd by Sara Shiina Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Plants are located along the NW edge of the lake. Associated plants include: Ranunculus Peter Zika 28963 gmelinii, Senecio indecorus, Castillega with Rod Gilbert, Sarah Krock rhexifolia, and Betula papyrifera. Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. 10 Aug 2017 Kathy Ahlenslager 579 10 Jul 1999 WTU-417110, WTU-V-036746 with Jean Wood WTU-410723, WTU-V-024969 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, LANE COUNTY: Forest Service Road 5893, south of Route 58 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: near Sno-Park, 1.3 air kilometers northwest of Western Colville National Forest and Vicinity: Abernathy Lake. Dry Creek Ridge, circa 8 air miles west of Elev. 1280 m. Chewelah, southwest of Dry Creek road. 43.607° N, 122.1181° W; Source: Specimen Elev. 2300-2900 ft. Label T32N R39E S12 SW1/4; also S13 NW1/4 and Occasional on pathsides, north facing gentle SE1/4; WGS 84, uncertainty: 2000 m., slopes, forest edge, over volcanics, with Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Crystal Shin Fragaria virginiana, Aquilegia formosa, Mixed Douglas fir forest with rocky ridge and Anaphalis margaritacea. Flowers green. outcrops; small lake, some parts heavily logged; Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. some open field with wet areas. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Peter F. Zika 28895 Jean Wood 1596 6 Jul 2017 29 Jun 1995 WTU-417133, WTU-V-036767 WTU-410724, WTU-V-024970 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, MULTNOMAH COUNTY: Hoyt Arboretum. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: 45.5183° N, 122.7175° W; Source: Specimen 5 miles south of Chewelah on Cottonwood Label Road. Open, wet area at base of slumping hillside. Elev. 1700 ft. Phalaris arundinacea, Lotus corniculatus. One T31N R41E S6; WGS 84, uncertainty: 969 m., plant. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Crystal Shin Gravelly west slope under Ponderosa Pine. Dominic Maze 319 Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. 15 Sep 2016 C. J. Talbott 170 WTU-417617, WTU-V-038098 12 Jun 1977 WTU-410725, WTU-V-024971 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., NEVADA, ELKO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WHATCOM COUNTY: On County Road 729 circa 0.25 miles east of Columbia Summit, Adjacent to pond on east side of Rainier Vista Community Park, between Maggie Summit and Columbia Summit. south of Lacey. Elev. 2635 m. Elev. 31 m. 41.67299° N, 116.06222° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS 47.004144° N, 122.809043° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: GPS, Georef'd by Ben Legler, Invalid coordinates (located outside county bounds). Julia Bent 2017-03 16 Jun 2017 Edge of small, mammade pond with Iris pseudacorus, Scirpus with R. Olmstead, S. Olmstead, Terri Knoke, Lorraine Symour, cyperinus, Carex spp., Phalaris arundinacea, bordered by lawn. Audrey Ragsac, Ashley Powell Petals white; stems sprawling over other vegetation; plants common along edge. Phenology: Flowers. Herbarium: WTU Ben Legler 14654 8 Jun 2018 Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium aparine L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., NEVADA, ELKO COUNTY: Humboldt-Toiyabe National Forest. Slope on Galium trifidum L. south side of North Wild Horse Creek, circa 1.3 kilometers upstream from mouth. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: Elev. 1860 m. NW end of Spanaway Marsh, 4.7 air km NE of 41.737138° N, 115.889113° W; WGS 84, Lake de Balon, Training Area 8, Joint Base uncertainty: 4 m., Source: GPS Lewis-McChord. North-facing, mesic slope with small grove of Elev. 100 m. Populus tremuloides, bordered below by a small 47.0926° N, 122.4635° W; Source: Specimen spring, among sagebrush-steppe. Petals white; Label occasional around Aspen grove. Phenology: Uncommon in full sun, peaty margins of pools, Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. with Carex cusickii, Scirpus cyperinus, Agrostis scabra, Juncus effusus subsp. pacificus, Jasna Hodzic 2017-22 Epilobium ciliatum, Lysimachia thyrsiflora. Four white acute petals, leaves 4/node. Phenology: 16 Jun 2017 Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Peter Zika 29127 with Sarah Krock Rubiaceae 25 Aug 2017 Galium biflorum Wats. WTU-417380, WTU-V-037409 U.S.A., NEVADA, ELKO COUNTY: Forest service road 935. Summit Spring. Approximately 2 kilometers east, uphill towards Rubiaceae Merritt Mountain. Elev. 2481 m. Galium bifolium S. Watson 41.88129° 115.85082°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: GPS U.S.A., NEVADA, ELKO COUNTY: Seasonally moist subalpine slope dominated by 1.8 miles on Road 668 from junction with Road Symphoricanpos, Artemisia tridentata, and 745. Lupinus; adjacent dry areas. Locally common in Elev. 2276 m. seasonally moist area; plants annual. 41° 46' 4.3" N, 115° 41' 18.8" W; WGS 84, Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Source: GPS Southwest-facing rocky ridgetop and Loraine Seymour 2017-32 southeast-facing slope with Amelanchier, Artemisia tridentata, Prunus, and Purshia 17 Jun 2017 tridentata community dominated by Balsamorhiza. Ore. Juniper spotted in area. WTU-421242, WTU-V-051628 Locally common annual on slope. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Terri Knoke 2017-42 with Julia Bent, R. Olmstead, Sheild Olmstead, Lorraine Seymour, Audrey Ragsac, Ashley Powell 18 Jun 2017 WTU-421207, WTU-V-051646 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., NEVADA, ELKO COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: 1.8 miles on Road 668 from junction with Road Olympic National Forest, Forest Service Road 745. 3040, Approximately 0.5 kilometers below Elev. 2276 m. hairpin turn. 41° 46' 4.3" N, 115° 41' 18.8" W; WGS 84, Elev. 649 m. Source: GPS 48.07778° N, 124.15237° W; WGS 84, Southwest-facing rocky ridgetop and uncertainty: 5 m., Source: Specimen Label southeast-facing slope with Amelanchier, Roadside seep at base of embankment with Artemisia tridentata, Prunus, and Purshia Adiantum aleuticum common; standing water. tridentata community dominated by Locally common in saturated soil; plants Balsamorhiza. Ore. Juniper spotted in area. sprawling. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Locally common on slope; white flowers. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 6260 Terri Knoke 2017-51 27 Aug 2018 with Julia Bent, R. Olmstead, Sheild Olmstead, Lorraine Seymour, Audrey Ragsac, Ashley WTU-419962, WTU-V-043177 Powell 18 Jun 2017 Rubiaceae WTU-421231, WTU-V-051639 Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CLALLAM COUNTY: Rubiaceae Olympic National Forest. Beaver Lake, main parking area with asphalt and gravel parking Galium sp. area. Elev. 170 m. BOLIVIA, LA PAZ, INQUISIVI: 48.11308° N, 124.24767° W; WGS 84, By side of road from Chulumani to Inquisivi, 5 kilometers from uncertainty: 30 m., Source: Specimen Label Licoma toward Inquisivi, 214 kilometers from Unduavi. Edge of pond dominated by Iris pseudacorus, Elev. 2226 m. Spiraea douglasii, and Salix sp. Carex obnupta 16.83094° S, 67.18515° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS and Nuphar polysepala emergent and dominant. Disturbed shrubby habitat. Prostrate herb; stems up to about 50 Scattered in shrub understory; stems lake. centimeters long; fruits white; corolla small, yellow-green. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. David Giblin 6295 John H. Chau 201 19 Mar 2013 28 Aug 2018 Herbarium: WTU WTU-419873, WTU-V-042904 Rubiaceae Galium concinnum Torr. & A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., NEW YORK, DUTCHESS COUNTY: Galium aparine L. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in New York: E (Endangered; USDA Plants)] U.S.A., WASHINGTON, FERRY COUNTY: Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. [no locality given on label] Elev. 3050 ft. Gregory E. Hyde 317 NW1/4 NE1/4 Sec. 3 T35N R32E; WGS 84, with Beatrice Hyde uncertainty: 500 m., Source: Calc. from TRS, Georef'd by Sara Shiina 11 Oct 1968 Very abundant next to catch pond in steep talus draw. Vegetative type: PICEA-LIBO. Flowers WTU-408606, WTU-V-024311 white. Origin: Native. T.W. 16 26 Jun 1974 WTU-410717, WTU-V-024839 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium parisiense L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, SHERMAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Slope below I-84 next to LePage Boat Launch at mouth of John Day Wind River, Government Mineral Springs River, 4.5 miles east of Rufus. campground. 45.729608° N, 120.650819° W; Source: GoogleEarth Elev. 500 ft. Dry basalt fill. T5N R7E sec. 31; WGS 84, uncertainty: 3036 m., Source: GeoLocate, Georef'd by John Peter Dunwiddie PWD-17-220 25 May 2017 Haskins with Peter Zika, Stacy Kinsell Mature Douglas fir, hemlock forest with vine maple, red alder, and rose in the understory. Herbarium: WTU Fairly shallow soils. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae P. Camp 1965 Galium kamtschaticum Steller ex Schult. & Schult. f. 15 Sep 2005 RUSSIA: WTU-413450, WTU-V-040415 Kuril Archipelago: Paramushir, inland from western base of Vasil'yeva Peninsula. Elev. 50 ft. Rubiaceae 50° 1' 20" N, 155° 23' 51" E; Source: Specimen Label Galium triflorum Michx. Dry meadow of mixed forbs; somewhat human disturbed. Flowers white and faintly sweet U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: scented; plants erect. Phenology: Flowers. Coeur d'Alene Mtns. Big Hank campground on Origin: Native. the Coeur d'Alene river about 40 miles from the I-90 turnoff near Kellogg. Sarah Gage SG 4479 Elev. 2900 ft. 47° 49.51' N, 116° 6.2778' W; Source: 16 Aug 1997 Specimen Label A moist, mature Hemlock, grand fir forest with WTU-415156, WTU-V-032696 snowberry, mtn ash, Rhamnus in the understory. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. P. Camp 3576 Rubiaceae 7 Jul 2016 Galium serpenticum Dempster WTU-413390, WTU-V-040310 U.S.A., OREGON, SHERMAN COUNTY: 2.3 miles east of John Day River, eastbound on I-84. 45.73957° N, 120.5989° W; Source: GoogleEarth, Georef'd by Sarah Winkowski, Invalid coordinates (located outside county Rubiaceae bounds). Frequent in crevices on north-facing basalt cliffs. Galium verum L. Peter Dunwiddie PWD-17-294 28 May 2017 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR with Peter Zika, Stacy Kinsell COUNTY: Creek bank near junction of Ash Street and Herbarium: WTU Simpson Avenue, 1.5 air kilometers northeast of Rennie Island, Hoquiam. Rubiaceae Elev. 3 m. 46.9751° N, 123.8509° W; Source: Specimen Galium serpenticum Dempster Label Weedy in mowed area, dry sunny roadside; with U.S.A., OREGON, SHERMAN COUNTY: Trifolium pratense. Yellow flowers. Phenology: 2.3 miles east of John Day River, eastbound on I-84. Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Introduced. 45.73957° N, 120.5989° W; Source: GoogleEarth, Georef'd by Sarah Winkowski, Invalid coordinates (located outside county Peter F. Zika 29444 bounds). Frequent in crevices on north-facing basalt cliffs. 25 Aug 2018 Peter Dunwiddie PWD-17-295 28 May 2017 WTU-419125, WTU-V-041594 with Peter Zika, Stacy Kinsell Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., IDAHO, SHOSHONE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Coeur d'Alene Mtns. Big Hank campground on Cash Prairie, 2.6 air km WSW of summit of the Coeurt d'Alene river about 40 miles from the Bethel Ridge. I-90 turnoff near Kellogg. Elev. 1825 m. Elev. 2900 ft. 46.7135° N, 121.1479° W; Source: Specimen 47° 49.51' N, 116° 6.278' W; Source: Label Specimen Label Dry meadow, gentle N slope, full sun, over A moist, mature Hemlock, grand fir forest with volcanics, with Carex raynoldsii, C. geyeri, snowberry, mtn. ash, Rhamnus in the Elymus elymoides, Achillea millefolium, understory. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Penstemon procerus. Common and inconspicuous annual. Phenology: Flowers and P. Camp 3576 Fruits. Origin: Native. 7 Jul 2016 Peter F. Zika 29292 WTU-418784, WTU-V-040227 3 Jul 2018 WTU-418890, WTU-V-041972 Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Galium verum L. Old Blewett Rd. Elev. 4000 ft. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: 47° 20.857' N, 120° 40.54' W; T22N R17E Pioneer Road near Route 164, Enumclaw. sec. 35; Source: Specimen Label Elev. 230 m. In a road cut through Swauk sandstone. 47.2068° N, 121.9975° W; Source: Specimen Purshia tridentata, Berberis, Eriogonum Label compositum, Penstemon fruticosus in the Locally common on dry sunny roadside by curb, vicinity. South aspect 40% slope. A Douglas fir with Hypochaeris radicata, Trifolium repens, on the upper slopes. Phenology: Flowers and Festuca rubra. Rhizomatous, fragrant bright Fruits. Origin: Native. yellow flowers, 4 petals, 6 leaves/node. Origin: Introduced. P. Camp 3487 Peter F. Zika 29261 3 Jun 2015 26 Jun 2018 WTU-418783, WTU-V-040228 WTU-418897, WTU-V-041979

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium palustre L. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Floodplain of the Snoqualmie River, 1.6 air U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: kilometers northeast of Sikes Lake. Near Pacific Crest Trail, 1.4 air kilometers Elev. 15 m. south-southeast of Pyramid Peak, Cascade 47.6821° N, 121.9325° W; Source: Specimen Range. Label Elev. 1470 m. Occasional in partly shaded thickets and 47.1006° N, 121.3981° W; Source: Specimen riparian forest, damp to wet ground; with Spirea, Label Populus. White flowers 4 millimeters diameter. Subalpine opening, dry sunny gentle south Origin: Native. slope, rocky; with Abies lasiocarpa, Rubus lasiococcus, Carex preslii, Microsteris gracilis, Peter F. Zika 29235 Moehringia macrophylla, Epilobium latifolius, Clintonia uniflora, Lupinus latifolius, Luzula 7 Jun 2018 parviflora. Locally common; four green petals. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. WTU-418828, WTU-V-040275 Peter F. Zika 29322 17 Jul 2018 WTU-419528, WTU-V-042591 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: JBLM, TA-20. Scatter Creek North Unit Elev. 167 m. Elev. 200 m. 46.93632° N, 122.68317° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS 46.83958° N, 122.997° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Occasional at the edge of a Pseudotsuga menziesii forest, with Locally abundant in several seasonally wet swales, with Lomatium Dactylis glomerata, Elymus glaucus, Digitalis purpurea. Origin: nudicaule, Rorippa curvisiliqua, Camassia quamash, Ranunculus Native. ornithorhynchus, Aster hallii. Flowers white, just beginning to bloom; 4 petals, 4mm wide. Plants rhizomatous, leaves 3-nerved, 4 per Peter W. Dunwiddie PWD 16-121 23 May 2016 whorl. with Sarah Krock, Amber Martens Peter Dunwiddie PWD-17-374 9 Jun 2017 Herbarium: WTU with Peter Zika Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium aparine L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: JBLM, Artillary Impact Area, Mortar Point 3, Nisqually Lake vicinity. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: Elev. 82 m. Scatter Creek North Unit 47.02895° N, 122.62569° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Elev. 200 m. A few plants trailing over Symphoricarpos albus, under Quercus 46.84056° N, 123.00258° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS garryana. Origin: Native. Occasional in understory of Quercus garryana-Pseudotsuga menziesii woodland at edge of prairie, climbing over Arrhenatherum Peter Dunwiddie PWD-16-254 24 Jun 2016 elatius, Rubus ursinus, Symphoricarpos albus. Phenology: Fruits. with Rod Gilbert, Sarah Krock, Peter Zika Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU Peter Dunwiddie PWD-17-405 9 Jun 2017 with Peter Zika Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: JBLM, TA-5, roadside wetland. Galium aparine L. Elev. 105 m. 47.05059° N, 122.57736° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR Trailing among other wetland herbs. Origin: Native. COUNTY: 4.2 air kilometers northwest of Damon Point, Peter Dunwiddie PWD-16-287 24 Jun 2016 Ocean Shores. with Rod Gilbert, Sarah Krock, Peter Zika Elev. 1 m. 46.9466° N, 124.1491° W; Source: Specimen Herbarium: WTU Label In sandy border between sand dunes and salt marsh, full sun, with Potentilla anserina, Rubiaceae Deschampsia cespitosa, Scirpus americanus, Cotula coronopifolia, Juncus balticus. Bristly Galium parisiense L. fruit; common. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PIERCE COUNTY: JBLM, TA-6. Peter F. Zika 29341 Elev. 100 m. 47.03669° N, 122.55091° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS 21 Jul 2018 Frequent in upland prairie, with Agrostis capillaris, Anthoxanthum aristatum. Origin: Introduced. WTU-419947, WTU-V-043129 Peter Dunwiddie PWD-16-307 24 Jun 2016 with Rod Gilbert, Sarah Krock, Peter Zika Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium sp. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., IDAHO, FREMONT COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Henry's Fork of Snake River; Box Canyon, Malheur National Forest. Forest Highway 15, below Island Park Dam. approximately 0.5 miles south of junction with Elev. 1880 m. Forest Road 13 along North Malheur River. 44° 24' 7.9" N, 111° 24' 2.8" W; Source: Elev. 1517 m. Specimen Label 44.25701° N, 118.39583° W; WGS 84, Mixed conifers with lodgepole, Abies, Douglas Source: GPS fir. Erect perennial in grassy-weedy, disturbed Plants growing in wet gravel and streambank. river bank. Phenology: Flowers. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. C. Davidson 13884 R. G. Olmstead 2014-129 31 Jul 2018 2 Aug 2014 WTU-420071, WTU-V-043335 WTU-420759, WTU-V-048909

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium palustre L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COWLITZ COUNTY: Buzzard Lake. Approximately 8 km north of Yale Lake Park Marina area, west of parking Highway 20. area. Elev. 1025 m. Elev. 150 m. 48.41946° N, 119.71288° W; WGS 84, 46.0253° N, 122.3193° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., Source: GPS uncertainty: 200 m., Source: GPS, Georef'd Montane lake dominated by Typha latifolia along by Maria Yousoufian shoreline with Nuphar polysepala forming a Sandy and cobbly shoreline that is seasonally continuous ring in the emergent zone. Adjacent inundated; Phalaris arundinacea abundant in wetland area and shoreline areas heavily places. Common and abundant in saturated soil impacted by cattle grazing. Uncommon; growing among Phalaris. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: on log at water's edge. Phenology: Fruits. Native. Origin: Native. David Giblin 5080 David Giblin 6538 with Peter Zika 3 Oct 2018 26 Aug 2013 WTU-423714, WTU-V-064412 WTU-424363, WTU-V-066473

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium murale (L.) All. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SAN JUAN COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, UMATILLA COUNTY: Posey Island State Park, just north of Pearl Island. Trout meadows, North Fork, John Day river. 48.618391° N, 123.167916° W; Source: Digital map, Georef'd by Elev. 5443 ft. Linnea Johnson 44.96543° N, 118.45506° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS, Invalid Along edge of gravel path by outhouseIn crevices on exposed coordinates (located outside county bounds). bedrock close to shore. Fruits elongate-ovate. Phenology: Flowers White flowers, rhizomes. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. and Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Catherine Conolly 2018-1 13 Jul 2018 Peter Dunwiddie PWD-18-250 3 Jun 2018 with Peter Zika, Katy Beck, Adam Martin Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. Galium boreale L. U.S.A., OREGON, UNION COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, GRANT COUNTY: Between Road 51 and Grande Ronde River, just Wallowa-Whitman National Forest: ca. 4 mi past National Forest put land boundary. south of North Fork John Day Campground. Elev. 4199 ft. Elev. 1685 m. 45.12411° N, 118.3605° W; WGS 84, 44.86223° N, 118.39711° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m., Source: GPS Source: GPS Pinus contorta, Crataegus (no fruits or flowers), Ponderosa Pine, Douglas Fir forest with small Cornus, Scattered dry roadside and moist creek. Flowers white. Phenology: Flowers. riparian. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Origin: Native. Tracy Fuentes 2018-26 Sheila Olmstead 2018-11 15 Jul 2018 15 Jul 2018 WTU-421942, WTU-V-055291 WTU-421895, WTU-V-055244

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Wallowa-Whitman National Forest: along F. S. Along Indian Creek ca. 0.5 km south of Anthony Road 7312 at Isham Springs, above Anthony Creek adjacent to F. S. Road 7312. Creek. Elev. 1540 m. Elev. 1430 m. 45.012844° N, 118.152355° W; WGS 84, 45.035662° N, 118.143074° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 10 m., Source: GPS uncertainty: 12 m., Source: GPS, Invalid Small, moist, streamside opening in montane coordinates (located outside county bounds). conifer forest, with Anaphalis, Solidago, Dry, subalpine conifer forest over granitic soils, Symphyotrichum, Polemonium occidentale. with Pinus contorta, Abies lasiocarpa, Picea Flowers greenish-white; petals perennial. engelmannii. Flowers greenish-white; stems Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. sprawling. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Richard Robohm 2018-20 Ben Legler 14700 15 Jul 2018 15 Jul 2018 WTU-421665, WTU-V-053904 WTU-421625, WTU-V-053320

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium sp. Galium triflorum Michx. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, WALLA WALLA COUNTY: U.S.A., OREGON, BAKER COUNTY: Ice Harbor Dam and Locks Complex, Snake River, Charbonneau Wallowa-Whitman National Forest: along F. S. Park, area around parking lot. Road 7312 at Isham Springs, above Anthony Elev. 135 m. Creek. 46.24729° N, 118.87057° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 5 m. Elev. 1430 m. Highly disturbed sand dune community with Bromus tectorum and 45.035662° N, 118.143074° W; WGS 84, Artemisia tridentata. Locally common on disturbed sandy hillside. uncertainty: 12 m., Source: GPS, Invalid Phenology: Vegetative. Origin: Native. coordinates (located outside county bounds). Dry, subalpine conifer forest over granitic soils, David Giblin 2589 16 Apr 2009 with Pinus contorta, Abies lasiocarpa, Picea with Don Knoke engelmannii. Flowers creamy-white; stems sprawling; plants perennial. Phenology: Fruits. Herbarium: WTU Origin: Native. Ben Legler 14701 Rubiaceae 15 Jul 2018 Galium trifidum L. WTU-421626, WTU-V-053323 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KLICKITAT COUNTY: Railroad Island Park, 7.5 miles east of Maryshill Bridge. Elev. 268 ft. 45.725069° N, 122.697985° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS, Georef'd by Crystal Shin, Invalid coordinates (located outside county bounds). Occasional in patches in marsh near shore, with Salix exigua, Agrostis, Juncus. Flowers white, 3-4 petals. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Peter Dunwiddie PWD-18-392 12 Jul 2018 with Peter Zika Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium serpenticum Dempster Galium bifolium S. Watson U.S.A., OREGON, SHERMAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, COLUMBIA COUNTY: Northeast-facing cliffs above LePage Campground. Blue Mountains: ridge N of FS Road 40, ca 0.2 Elev. 225 m. mi NW of Manilla Spring, ca 1.3 miles W of 45.723329° N, 120.65139° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS, Georef'd Bluewood Ski Area, ca 17 air miles SSE of by Crystal Shin Dayton. Frequent on cliffs. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 1692 m. 46° 4' 57" N, 117° 52' 26.4" W; T7N R39E Peter Dunwiddie PWD-19-4 6 May 2019 S13 NW4 SE4; Source: Specimen Label with Kathryn Beck South-dipping clay slope with deep soil, less rock cover. Meadow of Delphinium, Lupinus Herbarium: WTU sulphureus, Sambucus, Thlaspi, & Anaphalis at edge of Pseudotsuga menziesii-Abies amabilis forest. Annual; fruits paired. Rubiaceae Walter Fertig 32998 Galium parisiense L. 13 Jul 2018 U.S.A., OREGON, GILLIAM COUNTY: I-84 roadside ca. 2 miles east of LePage Park. WTU-423358, WTU-V-061971 45.740086° N, 120.614965° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Uncommon in moist silty/rocky debris at base of basalt cliff, with Sonchus asper, Bromus tectorum, Centaurea diffusa, Lactuca serriola, Aquilegia formosa. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Introduced. Rubiaceae Peter Dunwiddie PWD-19-397 1 Aug 2019 Galium palustre L. with Peter ZIka U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Herbarium: WTU Cedar River Park, along Cedar River Trail bike path. Elev. 10 m. 47.4645° N, 121.112° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 30 m., Source: Rubiaceae Digital map, Georef'd by David Giblin, Invalid coordinates (located outside county bounds). Galium aparine L. Lawn area between trail and highway barrier; growing against barrier. Lax, sprawling stems to 40 cm tall; flowers to 3 mm long, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, DOUGLAS COUNTY: light blue, soliatry or in pairs near stem tips; plants annual; pods Columbia Plateau: East of Rock Island Creek laterally compressed, glabrous. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: on E side of Columbia River, W of Rock Island Introduced. Grade, ca. 1.5 miles N of Rock Island Dam and 8 miles SE of East Wenatchee. David Giblin 7565 10 Jul 2020 Elev. 533 m. with Julie Monahan 47° 22' 9.8" N, 120° 4' 33.5" W; T22N R22E S28 NE4 SW4; Source: Specimen Label Herbarium: WTU Edge of basalt talus slope of NW-facing steep slope below basalt cliff. Dominant shrubs Rubiaceae include Ribes cereum & Artemisia tridentata var. tridentata. With Hackelia diffusa var. arida, Galium trifidum L. Achillea millefolium, Poa secunda, Elymus spicatus, Sisymbrium linifolium, Lomatium U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: dissectum, Phlox speciosa. Phenology: Flowers Kennedy Creek, upstream of US 101 highway bridge and Fruits. Origin: Native. Elev. 25 47.09715° N, 123.0882° W; WGS 84, Source: Digital map Walter Fertig 32428 13 May 2018 Abandoned orchard from homestead period in riparian floodplain. Silt loam soil. With domestic plum and pear, Fraxinus latifolia, Malus WTU-423054, WTU-V-060815 fusca, Crataegus monogyna. Common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Rubiaceae Regina Johnson 2020-022 22 Jun 2020 Galium oreganum Britton Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: East Cascade Range, south end of Peterson Rubiaceae Prairie, just N of FS Road 60, ca 6 air miles W of town of Trout Lake. Galium trifidum L. Elev. 908 m. 45.970754° N, 121.66347° W; T6N R9E S34 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: NW4 NE4 NW4 NE4; Source: Specimen Darlin Creek Preserve, downstream of Lake Lucinda. Label Elev. 250 ft. Edge of Pseudotsuga menziesii/Abies grandis 46.95505° N, 123.04025° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS forest with understory of Achlys on rich leaf duff. Lowland forested wetland at a road crossing. Wet sandy loam soil. Flowers white, stems not raspy, leaves 4, locally With Alnus rubra, Populus trichocarpa, Salix spp., surrounded by common. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. conifers. Common. In saturated ditch along old logging road. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Walter Fertig 32881 Regina Johnson 2020-028 28 Jun 2020 27 Jun 2018 Herbarium: WTU WTU-423053, WTU-V-060816 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Olympic National Forest, Dry Creek Trail, Cushman side. Olympic National Forest. Forest Service Road 2240. West Fork Elev. 3500 ft. Humptulips River approximately 2 km east of Bridge Trailhead. 47.47053° N, 123.38206° W; WGS 84, Source: GPS Elev. 100 m. Mid elevation mixed coniferous forest, avalanche chutes. Sandy 47.38475° N, 123.78097° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., loam soil. With Abies amabilis, Tsuga heterophylla, Callitropsis Source: Digital map nootkatensis, Xerophyllum tenax, Rubus nutkana, Pteridium River floodplain with cobbly areas, sandy backwater channels, and aquilinum, Chamerion angustifolium. Common. Phenology: Flowers. shrubby shoreline with Salix sitchensis and Alnus rubra common. Origin: Native. Uncommon in cobble. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Regina Johnson 2020-052 4 Jul 2020 David Giblin 7099 26 Aug 2019 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium triflorum Michx. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, MASON COUNTY: Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. White SE Olympic Range, east side of NF- 23 along River Road. Approximately 1 km east of Mr. Flat Creek, ca 5 miles NW of Mohrweis, 8.5 David trailhead. miles WSW of Hoodsport, and ca 13 miles NW Elev. 708 m. of Shelton. 47.95832° N, 120.94022° W; WGS 84, Elev. 333 m. uncertainty: 20 m., Source: GPS 47° 21' 54.8" N, 123° 19' 13" W; T22N R5W Seasonal riparian zone/avalanche chute and S28 NW4 SE4. adjacent roadside with Acer circinatum and Seasonally moist (but currently dry) clayey Sambucus caerulea common. Locally common patch in opening within Salix sitchensis-Spiraea in moist forest understory; leaves broad, flat. douglasii-Populus trichocarpa stand at edge of Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. wetland. Stems retrorse scabrous, perennial. Fruit glabrous. David Giblin 6969 Walter Fertig 32176 18 Jul 2019 16 Sep 2017 WTU-425207, WTU-V-068742 WTU-423615, WTU-V-063270

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest. Forest U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR Service Road 6700 approximately 1 km from COUNTY: junction with Forest Service Road 65. Little Pacific Coast Range: Preachers Slough, ca 2.1 Wenatchee River access on north side of air miles ESE of confluence with Chehalis River, bridge. 0.2 miles N of WA Hwy 107, 4 air miles SW of Elev. 642 m. Montesano and junction of Hwy 107 and US 47.84989° N, 120.94559° W; WGS 84, Hwy 12, 4.5 miles E of Cosmopolis. uncertainty: 200 m., Source: GPS Elev. 30 m. Naturally disturbed gravel bar area along river 46.93956° N, 123.67358° W; T17N R8W S22 with sand, gravel and calm-water back SE4 NW4 SW4 SW4. channels. Populus trichocarpa and Phalaris Dense Cornus sericea-Rosa-Rubus arundinacea common in area. Scattered in wet laciniatus-Phalaris arundinacea-Athyrium soil adjacent to back channel; corollas mostly filix-femina swamp on banks of slough with 3-merous. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. occasional Picea sitchensis. Soil wet, muddy Origin: Native. clay. With Lysichiton americanus, Angelica genuflexa. Veg cover 100%. Bisected by small David Giblin 6997 18 Jul 2019 stream. Flowers with 3 white petals. Fruits smooth. WTU-425243, WTU-V-068770 Walter Fertig 33320 13 Aug 2018 WTU-423616, WTU-V-063271 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Galium verum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, THURSTON COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Puget Trough, Olympia. Planter by parking lot University of Washington, Seattle, Medicinal Herb Garden, north of on west side of Columbia Street E of Heritage Stevens Way. Park and N of the State capitol. 47.652224°, -122.308377°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Elev. 30 m. Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post 47.0391° N, 122.902025° W; T18N R2W Sprawling perennial. Flowers yellow and 4-parted. Leaves 4 at a S47. node, narrow/linear. Fruits dry and glabrous. Phenology: Flowers Loamy soil in weedy planter. With Draba verna, and Fruits. Cultivated. Arabidopsis, Trifolium campestre, Poa bulbosa, and Vicia sativa. 8 leaves per whorl. Valerie Soza 1768 20 Aug 2004 Walter Fertig 32496 Herbarium: WTU 15 May 2018 Rubiaceae WTU-423613, WTU-V-063278 Galium boreale L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: University of Washington, Seattle, Medicinal Herb Garden, north of Galium triflorum Michx. Stevens Way. 47.652224°, -122.308377°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post Olympic National Forest. Forest Service Road 2240. West Fork Sprawling perennial. Leaves 4 at a node, lanceolate. Fruits with Hump tulips River approximately 2 km east of Gorge Bridge short hairs that are curved upwards. Phenology: Fruits. Cultivated. Trailhead. Elev. 100 m. Valerie Soza 1769 20 Aug 2004 47.38475° N, 123.78097° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital map Herbarium: WTU River floodplain with cobbly areas, sandy backwater channels, and shrubby shoreline with Salix sitchensis and Alnus rubra common. Scattered among cobble; fruits with uncinate hairs. Phenology: Rubiaceae Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. David Giblin 7069 26 Aug 2019 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Herbarium: WTU University of Washington, Seattle, Medicinal Herb Garden, north of Stevens Way. Rubiaceae 47.652224°, -122.308377°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 50 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Dan Post Galium triflorum Michx. Erect perennial. Leaves 7-8 at a node, oblanceolate. Fruits with hooked (upwards) hairs. Phenology: Fruits. Cultivated. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Olympic National Forest. West Fork Humptulips River. Forest Valerie Soza 1770 20 Aug 2004 Service Road 2204 approximately 2 km west of Campbell Grove Campground. Herbarium: WTU Elev. 300 m. 47.47363° N, 123.70374° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map Rubiaceae Wet ditch along road with Oenanthe sarmentosa, Rubus nutkanus, and Boykinia intermedia common. Scattered on forest edge; roots Galium serpenticum Dempster reddish-orange. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: David Giblin 7110 27 Aug 2019 Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Herbarium: WTU Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Rubiaceae Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Galium trifidum L. Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, GRAYS HARBOR COUNTY: Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Olympic National Forest. West Fork Humptulips River. Campbell hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Grove Campground. West Fork Trail for approximately 1 km. Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Infrequent perennial, woody Elev. 360 m. at base, up to 10 cm tall. Only male plants observed. Corolla 47.48356° N, 123.6847° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 500 m., green-yellow. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Source: Digital map Riparian forest with Tsuga heterophylla, Thuja plicata, and Alnus Valerie Soza 1772 14 May 2005 rubra common overstory trees; Tolmiea menziesii and Rubus with Yuan Yaowu spectabilis common in understory. Uncommon on moist riverbank; fruits glabrous. Phenology: Fruits. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU David Giblin 7107 26 Aug 2019 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. Galium fendleri A. Gray U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., ARIZONA, COCHISE COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Chiricahua Mountains, Pinery Canyon Road, ca. 9 miles up from 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Hwy 181. Elev. 3300 ft. Elev. 6580 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., 31° 56' 10" N, 109° 17' 4" W Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Alongside road, in moist soil, in rock outcropping on sunny, open, Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, N-facing slope. Associated with Cercocarpus, Pinus, and Quercus. loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Locally common, erect perennial, up to 27 cm tall, woody at base. Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Flowers pale yellow and glabrous. Plants apparently male, with Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, functional stamens and vestigial ovaries and styles. Ovaries Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia glabrous. Phenology: Flowers. hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Valerie Soza 1777 23 Jun 2005 with Yuan Yaowu Birgitta Bremer 5350 4 Jun 2008 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium fendleri A. Gray Galium normanii Dahl U.S.A., ARIZONA, COCHISE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Chiricahua Mountains, trail from Rustler Park Campground to Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya Barfoot lookout, near saddle. house near garden office. Elev. 8645 ft. 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: 31° 54' 37" N, 109° 16' 43" W Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer NNW-facing slope, at base of rock outcrop, in shade and sun, in wet (Original source: collected on Iceland in 1988 by M. Rydberg). soil and pine duff. Associated with Artemisia dracunculus, Phenology: Flowers. Cultivated. Holodiscus, Lupinus, Philadelphus, Pinus, Quercus, and Thalictrum. Locally common, erect perennial, 10-20 cm tall. Half of plants Lars Gunnar Reinhammar 728 11 Jun 2008 vegetative or in bud. Other half of plants in flower with light green, with Kerstin KustÃ¥s rotate, glabrous corollas with light purple tips on lobes. Most flowers on a plant have apparently functional stamens and may be male or Herbarium: WTU hermaphroditic; few flowers appear female. Vestigial ovaries glabrous. No fruits observed. Leaves minutely hispidulous on both sides. Stems glabrous. Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Valerie Soza 1778 24 Jun 2005 Galium mexicanum Kunth ssp. asperulum (A. Gray) with Yuan Yaowu Dempster Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., ARIZONA, COCHISE COUNTY: Huachuca Mountains, Garden Canyon, 3.1 miles above lower picnic area. Rubiaceae Elev. 6000 ft. 31° 27' 34" N, 110° 21' 56" W Galium pilosum Aiton Flat, rocky, sandy soil, in shade of Juniperus. Associated with Acer, Amorpha, Bromus, Cercocarpus, Fraxinus, Melilotus, Salix, U.S.A., ARIZONA, GRAHAM COUNTY: Solidago, and Thalictrum. Sprawling to erect perennial. Leaves 7 at Pinaleno Mountains, Wet Canyon. a node; lower leaves > 15 mm. In flower bud, ovary not hairy. Elev. 6200 ft. 32° 39' 1" N, 109° 48' 45" W Valerie Soza 1774 22 Jun 2005 South-facing, rocky outcrop base, along stream side, riparian area, with Yuan Yaowu in wet soil along trail. Associated with Geranium, Thalictrum, and grasses. Scarce perennial, sprawling to ascending, forming clumps, Herbarium: WTU stems up to 50 cm, herbaceous above ground. Leaves 4 at a node, elliptic, hairy underneath, 3-veined. Stems long-hairy. Corolla rotate, light yellow. Flowers hermaphroditic. Style 2-parted. Fruit hairs Rubiaceae uncinate/hooked. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Galium cf. wrightii A. Gray Valerie Soza 1779 24 Jun 2005 with Yuan Yaowu U.S.A., ARIZONA, COCHISE COUNTY: Huachuca Mountains, along FS Road 368. Herbarium: WTU Elev. 6900 ft. 31° 25' 56" N, 110° 17' 1" W Sunny, steep, loose, rocky, NNW-facing slope above road. Associated with Cercocarpus, Heuchera, Nolina, Penstemon, Pinus cf. monophylla, and Quercus. Occasional perennial, woody at base, up to 30 cm tall. Flowers purple; corolla glabrous. Only males observed with vestigial, glabrous ovaries and styles. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1775 23 Jun 2005 with Yuan Yaowu Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium uncinulatum DC. Galium collomiae J.T. Howell U.S.A., TEXAS, BREWSTER COUNTY: U.S.A., ARIZONA, GILA COUNTY: Chisos Mountains, Pinnacles Trail. Tonto Natural Bridge, Gowan Trail to natural bridge, at base of Elev. 6620 ft. man-made bridge to natural bridge. 29° 15' 9" N, 103° 18' 8" W Elev. 1400 m. Growing in shade, alongside trail, on rocky, shallow, north-facing 34° 19' 10.6" N, 111° 27' 17" W slope. Associated with Agave, Arbutus, Artemisia, Brickellia, On dry, rock outcrop, in no or little soil, in shade or sun, on W-facing Eriogonum, Garrya, Nolina, Pinus, and Quercus. Locally rare. and E-facing slopes. Associated with Arabis, Cheilanthes, Sprawling to ascending perennial, up to 13 cm tall, woody at base Epilobium, Galium microphyllum, Garrya, Opuntia, Parietaria, only, forming clumps. Stems and leaves hairy. Leaves 4 at a node, Penstemon, Quercus, Rhamnus, Rhus, Verbascum, Verbena, and narrowly elliptic, 3-veined. Flowers pale green in bud and Vitis. Locally common perennial, up to 30 cm tall, woody at base. purple-tipped, hairy externally. Fruits with hooked hairs. Phenology: Plants dangling off overhanging rock, ascending to erect. Stems and Flowers and Fruits. leaves hairy. Leaves 4 at a node, ovate, 1-veined. Plants vegetative on south side of natural bridge, and in flower and fruit on north side. Valerie Soza 1780 27 Jun 2005 Flowers pale yellow, hermaphroditic, and hairy on the outside. Fruits with Yuan Yaowu long-hairy. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Herbarium: WTU Valerie Soza 1785 30 Jun 2005 with Yuan Yaowu Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium microphyllum A. Gray Rubiaceae U.S.A., TEXAS, BREWSTER COUNTY: Chisos Mountains, Pinnacles Trail. Galium volcanense Dempster Elev. 6620 ft. 29° 15' 9" N, 103° 18' 8" W MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Along trail, at base of rock outcrop, in rocky soil, in shade or sun. Cerro Azufre. Associated with Agave, Arbutus, Artemisia, Brickellia, Eriogonum, Elev. 1615 m. Garrya, Nolina, Opuntia, Pinus, Rhus trilobata, and Quercus. 27° 30' 24" N, 112° 34' 44" W Common perennial. Stems erect to ascending, up to 13 cm tall, Rock outcrop on NE-facing, sunny, dry slope, just below summit. woody at base. Leaves 4 at a node, narrowly elliptic to linear, Associated with Clematis, Eriogonum, Nolina, and Phacelia. Only 1-veined, tips pointy. Stems and leaves glabrous. Stem angles and two individuals seen. Subshrub with stems grazed, up to 70-80 cm leaf margins white-ribbed. Flowers involucrate and hermaphroditic. tall. Stems and leaves pubescent. Leaves 4 at a node, upper leaves Corolla pale green-yellow and glabrous. Fruits white and granulate. revolute and 1-veined, lower leaves elliptic. Flowers pale cream, Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. tinged red at base of lobes, hispid outside. Fruits with straight hairs. All individuals with both fruits and vestigial ovaries. Phenology: Valerie Soza 1781 27 Jun 2005 Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. with Yuan Yaowu Valerie Soza 1786 6 Jul 2005 Herbarium: WTU with Ramon Arce, Saruhen Avila Moreno, and Yuan Yaowu Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium coloradoense W. Wight Rubiaceae U.S.A., NEW MEXICO, SAN JUAN COUNTY: Galium moranii Dempster ssp. aculeolatum Dempster San Juan River Valley, west of Navajo Dam Community, west of CR 4280, west side of San Juan River, 0.2 mile up from Hwy 173. MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Elev. 1800 m. Sierra San Francisco, NNW of Cerro La Laguna, off trail to highest 36° 48' 39" N, 107° 42' 17" W peak in Sierra San Francisco. At base of sandstone cliffs, in dry, silty soil amongst rock outcrops, Elev. 1230 m. on ESE-facing, moderate slope. Associated with Amelanchier, 27° 35' 11" N, 113° 2' 18" W Brickellia, Chrysothamnus, Gutierrezia, Juniperus, Leptodactylon, SW-facing upper slope of ridge, in rocky soil, growing up through Pinus, Purshia, and Stanleya pinnata. Locally common perennial, up base of tall shrubs. Evidence of goat activity and herbivory. to 16 cm tall, woody at base. Majority of plants have stems grazed. Associated with Viguiera. Infrequent, climbing perennial, up to 80-90 Stems and leaves glabrous. Leaves 4 at a node, linear, 1-veined. cm tall, woody at base. Stems thin, +/- glabrous, and rough. Leaves Few plants in flower. Male flowers dried up and glabrous. Fruits pale 4 at a node with aculeolate hairs on margin and revolute. Upper yellow with sparse, long, straight hairs. Phenology: Flowers and leaves linear, lower leaves narrowly elliptic. Plants with both sterile Fruits. ovaries, that are as wide as long and hairy, and fruits. Fruits with long, straight hairs. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Valerie Soza 1784 29 Jun 2005 with Yuan Yaowu Valerie Soza 1787 12 Jul 2005 with Yuan Yaowu Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium martirense Dempster & Stebbins Galium bermudense L. MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA (NORTE): U.S.A., SOUTH CAROLINA, CLARENDON COUNTY: Sierra San Pedro Martir, 15 miles NE of Rancho Meling, just before Santee National Wildlife Refuge, ca. 10 mi S of Summerton on US Los Manzanos. 301. Growing under pine/oak woodland on shore of Lake Marion Elev. 1760 m. between visitor center and Indian Mound. 30° 57' 57" N, 115° 36' 22" W Elev. 75 ft. Bottom of SE-facing slope, above drainage. Associated with 33.53636° N, 80.43156° W Adenostema fasciculatum, Artemisia tridentata, Bromus, Eriogonum Phenology: Fruits. fasciculatum, Eriogonum sp. Heteromeles, Lonicera, Penstemon, Phacelia, Quercus, Salix, and Vulpia. Common perennial, +/- erect, Richard G. Olmstead RGO 2005-1 Feb 2005 up to 34 cm tall, woody at base only. Stems and leaves hairy. Flowers pale green and rotate. Leaves 4 at a node, narrowly elliptic Herbarium: WTU to narrowly ovate. Females in fruit; males vegetative or past flower. Female flowers hairy outside, with reduced stamens and functional style. Fruits green, fleshy, and with straight hairs. Phenology: Rubiaceae Flowers and Fruits. Galium corymbosum Valerie Soza 1788 13 Jul 2005 with Saruhen Avila Moreno and Yuan Yaowu U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Herbarium: WTU 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Rubiaceae Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Galium wigginsii Dempster loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA (NORTE): Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Sierra San Pedro Martir, Parque Nacional officina, camp/picnic area Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia west of office. hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Elev. 2500 m. Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. 31° N, 115° 33' 27" W Abies-Pinus forest. Growing in flats, in dry gravelly soil and pine duff Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 198 31 Mar 2005 at base of Abies and between boulder outcroppings. Associated with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe with Eriogonum, Penstemon, Phlox, Salvia pachyphylla, and Symphoricarpos. Locally common perennial, 16 cm tall, woody at Herbarium: WTU base. Stems and leaves puberulent. Leaves linear to narrowly elliptic. Corolla lobes attenuate, purple-red, and glabrous. Fruits with long hairs. Some individuals appear to only contain hermaphroditic Rubiaceae flowers. Other individuals with both female and male flowers. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Galium corymbosum Valerie Soza 1790 13 Jul 2005 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: with Saruhen Avila Moreno and Yuan Yaowu Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya house near garden office. Herbarium: WTU 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Fruits. Rubiaceae Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 199 31 Mar 2005 Galium andrewsii A. Gray with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA (NORTE): Herbarium: WTU Sierra Juarez, Asserradero area. Elev. 1580 m. 31° 58' 12" N, 115° 58' 29" W Rubiaceae Growing from under large granitic boulders; more plants seen below road. Pine forest. Associated with Arctostaphylos, Artemisia Galium corymbosum tridentata, Chrysothamnus, Elymus elymoides, Eriogonum fasciculatum, Gutierrezia, Lonicera, Monardella, and Quercus. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Occasional perennial, 3-6 cm tall, spiny, forming clumps, woody at Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya base. Fruits fleshy, green then turning black, and glabrous. house near garden office. Dioecious. Phenology: Fruits. 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Valerie Soza 1792 14 Jul 2005 Phenology: Flowers. with Saruhen Avila Moreno and Yuan Yaowu Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 200 31 Mar 2005 Herbarium: WTU with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium corymbosum Galium corymbosum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. house near garden office. Elev. 3300 ft. 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 210 3 Apr 2005 Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Herbarium: WTU hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Flowers. Rubiaceae Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 205 2 Apr 2005 with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Galium corymbosum Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Rubiaceae Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Galium corymbosum Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Elev. 3300 ft. Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 226 6 Apr 2005 Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Herbarium: WTU hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Rubiaceae Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 206 2 Apr 2005 with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Galium corymbosum Herbarium: WTU U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Rubiaceae Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Galium corymbosum Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Elev. 3300 ft. Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 229 7 Apr 2005 Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Herbarium: WTU hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 208 3 Apr 2005 with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium corymbosum Galium corymbosum U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Elev. 3300 ft. Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Flowers. Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 230 7 Apr 2005 Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 235 22 Apr 2005 with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe with Dionisio Refulio-Cordova Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium corymbosum Galium U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Elev. 3300 ft. Elev. 3300 ft. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Fruits. Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 232 9 Apr 2005 Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 236 22 Apr 2005 with Travis Columbus and Javier Quisbert Quispe with Dionisio Refulio-Cordova Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium corymbosum Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Stebbins × Galium porrigens Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Elev. 3300 ft. 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Elev. 3300 ft. Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Phenology: Flowers. hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Uncommon. Perennial, 0.1 Nancy F. Refulio-Rodriguez 234 22 Apr 2005 m tall. Flowers green. Fruit a white-green berry. Phenology: Flowers with Dionisio Refulio-Cordova and Fruits. Herbarium: WTU Tracy Tennant TT660 7 Jul 2006 with E. Howe Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium porrigens Dempster Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Stebbins × Galium porrigens Dempster U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY: house near garden office. San Jacinto Mountains, 15 m NE of junction of FS Road 5S06 and 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: 5S04. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer UTM Zone 11N27, 523049E, 3733007N Scarce. Perennial, 0.1 m tall. Flowers yellow-green. Phenology: Mixed confier/oak woodland. Uncommon. Perennial, 0.1 m tall, with Flowers. recurved hairs on leaves and stems. Phenology: Vegetative. Tracy Tennant TT662 7 Jul 2006 E. Howe EH117 25 Jul 2006 with E. Howe Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Stebbins Stebbins U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. house near garden office. Elev. 3300 ft. 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Scarce. Perennial, 0.1 m tall. Flowers yellow-green. Phenology: Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Flowers. loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, Tracy Tennant TT663 7 Jul 2006 Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, with E. Howe Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, Herbarium: WTU Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Uncommon. Perennial, 0.05 m tall, with very hairy leaves and stems. Phenology: Vegetative. Rubiaceae E. Howe EH118 26 Jul 2006 Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Herbarium: WTU Stebbins U.S.A., WASHINGTON, CHELAN COUNTY: Rubiaceae Wenatchee Mountains, Tronsen Ridge, along FS Road 7200 to 7204, from Camas Land to Highway 97, exit Ruby Creek. Galium californicum Hook. & Arn. ssp. primum Dempster & Elev. 3300 ft. Stebbins × Galium porrigens Dempster 47.440113°, -120.584687°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 6274 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Top of vertical rock face above canyon, south-facing slope. Dry, Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya loose, gravelly soil. Associated with Acer, Achillea millefolium, house near garden office. Amelanchier, Arabis holboellii, Balsamorhiza sagittata, Bromus, 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: Collinsia parviflora, Erigeron, Eriogonum, Lewisia tweedyi, Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Lomatium, Microsteris gracilis, Penstemon eriantherus, Phacelia Uncommon. Perennial, 0.15 m tall. Barbs on stems and leaves, with hastata, Pinus ponderosa, Prunus, Purshia tridentata, Pseudotsuga, some hairs. Phenology: Vegetative. Selaginella, and Zigadenus paniculatus Uncommon. Perennial, 0.2 m tall, very hairy. Phenology: Vegetative. E. Howe EH119 26 Jul 2006 E. Howe EH115 25 Jul 2006 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium porrigens Dempster Galium porrigens Dempster U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, RIVERSIDE COUNTY: San Jacinto Mountains, FS Road 5S06 past Alvin Meadows to U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: junction with 5S06.2. Rhododendron Species Botanical Garden, Federal Way, vireya UTM Zone 11N27, 522339E, 3732973N house near garden office. Oak woodland/chaparral. Uncommon. Perennial, 0.2-0.3 m tall. 47.296236°, -122.29883°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 772 m., Source: Large barbs on leaves, very small to no barbs on stems. Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Uncommon. Perennial, 0.1 m tall, with barbs on leaves and stems. E. Howe EH120 26 Jul 2006 Phenology: Vegetative. Herbarium: WTU E. Howe EH116 25 Jul 2006 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium aparine L. Galium U.S.A., WASHINGTON, STEVENS COUNTY: ARGENTINA, CHUBUT: Hedland-Napoleon Road just south of Napoleon Bridge over Kettle Cabo Dos Bahias, Camarones. 3 miles west of GPS coordinates. River. 44.91465° S, 65.54581° W Elev. 410 m. Small stream bed cutting through some rocks. Phenology: Fruits. 48.73418° N, 118.11479° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 20 m., Source: GPS Marko S. Paso s.n. 31 Oct 2004 Disturbed roadside edge in gravel. Scattered on forest edge; corollas white; stems clinging together. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Herbarium: WTU David Giblin 6827 23 May 2019 Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium trifidum L. Rubiaceae U.S.A., OREGON, HARNEY COUNTY: Knox Pond. Galium trifidum L. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, OKANOGAN COUNTY: James Rodman 540 21 Jul 2007 Sinlahekin Wildlife Refuge. Blue Lake. Public access area at south with Ken Karol and Yuan Yaowu end of lake. Elev. 515 m. Herbarium: WTU 48.67164° N, 119.69078° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m. Seasonally fluctuating lake with mucky shoreline dominated by annual Eleocharis sp. Plants prostrate; annual; scattered. Rubiaceae Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Galium trifidum L. David Giblin 7380 20 Sep 2019 U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITTITAS COUNTY: Herbarium: WTU Eastern Cascade Range, 8.6 miles up from Salmon La Sac along FS Road 4330 towards Tucquala Lake, along Cle Elum River. 47.48195°, -121.04766°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 4828 m., Source: Rubiaceae Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Growing up through shrub. Scarce, appears annual. Flowers Galium wigginsii Dempster 3-lobed. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. MEXICO, BAJA CALIFORNIA SUR: Valerie Soza 1905 1 Aug 2008 Sierra San Pedro Martir. with Pat Lu-Irving Elev. 8347 ft. 31° 2' 8" N, 115° 28' 7" Herbarium: WTU Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Robert K. Lauri 926 [no collection date given] Rubiaceae Herbarium: WTU Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Rubiaceae University of Washington, Seattle, Medicinal Herb Garden. 47.652317°, -122.308546°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 62 m., Source: Galium catalinense A. Gray ssp. acrispum Dempster Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer Section F. Cultivated perennial. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, LOS ANGELES COUNTY: Cultivated. [locality and coordinates withheld; status in California: E (Endangered; USDA Plants)] Valerie Soza 1906 5 Aug 2008 Phenology: Flowers. Herbarium: WTU Robert K. Lauri 768 [no collection date given] Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. Rubiaceae U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Galium glabrescens (Ehrend.) Dempster & Ehrend. ssp. University of Washington, Seattle, Medicinal Herb Garden. glabrescens 47.652317°, -122.308546°; WGS 84, uncertainty: 62 m., Source: Digital Map, Georef'd by Joseph Stormer U.S.A., CALIFORNIA COUNTY: Section A. Cultivated perennial. Phenology: Fruits. Cultivated. [no collection locality given] Valerie Soza 1907 5 Aug 2008 Andrew J. Eckert s.n. 8 Jul 2004 Herbarium: WTU Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium murale (L.) All. Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., CALIFORNIA, BUTTE COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: East side of Larkin Road, about one mile north 4.5 air km ESE of Kelly Butte, W slope of of the intersection of Larkin Road and East Cascade Range. Gridley Road, about 2 miles (air) northeast of Elev. 1180 m. Gridley. 47.1667° N, 121.4305° W Elev. 90 ft. Occasional on sunny dry ground above logging 39° 22' 11.2" N, 121° 39' 32.2" W; T18N, road, with Carex mertensii. Green flowers. R3E, Section 33 if surveyed; Source: GPS Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. On dry soil, back yard of a home; Urban-suburban. Normal size plants; common. Peter F. Zika 30155 Lowell Ahart 22017 26 Jul 2020 15 Jun 2019 WTU-424059, WTU-V-065248 WTU-423825, WTU-V-064777 Rubiaceae Rubiaceae Galium oreganum Britton Galium oreganum Britton U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: U.S.A., WASHINGTON, SKAMANIA COUNTY: Above FS Road NF-3070, 3.4 air km SE of Kelly Gifford Pinchot National Forest, Mount Bluff Trail, approximately 9 Butte, W slope of Cascade Range. kms west of parking area. Elev. 1325 m. Elev. 1127 m. 47.1404° N, 121.4588° W 45.74876° N, 122.22281° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 20 m., Common on steep dry W-facing slope, full sun, Source: GPS with Pteridium aquilinum, Lupinus latifolius, Subalpine talus meadow with scattered Abies lasiocarpus and Anaphalis margaritacea, Penstemon serrulatus, Xerophyllum tenax common. Scattered in rock crevices; corollas Castilleja miniata. Flowers with 4 yellow-green greenish white. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. acute petals. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 7517 25 Jun 2020 Peter F. Zika 30177 Herbarium: WTU 9 Aug 2020 Rubiaceae WTU-424232, WTU-V-065831 Galium odoratum (L.) Scop. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KING COUNTY: Rubiaceae NE side of NE Moss Lake Way, 0.4 air km SW of Moss Lake. Galium triflorum Michx. Elev. 165 m. 47.6927° N, 121.8566° W U.S.A., WASHINGTON, YAKIMA COUNTY: Damp forest edge, with Thuja plicata, Populus Okanogan-Wenatchee National Forest, Sand Ridge Trail between 1 trichocarpa, Rubus nutkanus, R. spectabilis, and 2 km west of trailhead. Acer circinatum, Vinca minor, Ranunculus Georef'd by Crystal Shin repens. White flowers 6 mm long, 7-11 mm Dry, mixed conifer forest with Cacaliopsis nardosmia, Achlys diameter, 4 petals, 8 leaves/node, rhizomatous. triphylla, and Arctostaphylos nevadensis common in places, as well Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Introduced. as Fragaria vesca. Locally common in dry understory; stems lax, almost scandent. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. Peter F. Zika 29942 David Giblin 7611 14 Jul 2020 4 May 2020 Herbarium: WTU WTU-423941, WTU-V-065104 Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, LINCOLN COUNTY: Long Lake Dam Picnic Area below Long Lake Dam on south shore. Elev. 433 m. 47.83701° N, 117.84828° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 200 m., Source: GPS Cobbly riverbank with Salix exigua and Apocynum cannabinum common; adjacent disturbed upland with Berberis aquifolium and Eriogonum compositum common. Locally common in river cobble; petal lobes 4; white. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 7889 9 Sep 2020 Herbarium: WTU Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, KITSAP COUNTY: Nick's Lagoon Park, approximately 1 air km northwest of Seabeck on Seabeck Bay. Elev. 1 m. 47.63789° N, 122.83887° W; WGS 84, uncertainty: 100 m., Source: Digital map Tidal wetland dominated by Jaumea carnosa and Salicornia pacifica and adjacent fresh water wetland formed by beaver pond with Symphyotrichum subspicatum common. Locally common in wetland on forest edge; petal lobes 3, fruits glabrous. Phenology: Flowers and Fruits. Origin: Native. David Giblin 8001 22 Sep 2020 Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Galium trifidum L. U.S.A., WASHINGTON, PACIFIC COUNTY: Willapa Bay National Wildlife Refuge along Bear River estuary. 46.353749° N, 123.958758° W Moist soil, part sun, high salt marsh. Sparse, forb, rhizomes, erect plant; white flowers with 3 or 4 petals. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Patricia Johnson NWC21-WA-10090-Q8 19 May 2021 Herbarium: WTU

Rubiaceae Galium boreale L. U.S.A., MONTANA, BEAVERHEAD COUNTY: Basin Creek Valley, exclosure by spring ca 0.8 miles S of confluence of Basin Creek and Little Basin Creek, ca 4.2 air miles N of Red Rock River, ca 9 air miles NE of Lima. Elev. 2060 m. 44.718002° N, 112.424886° W; T13S R7W S11 SW4 SE4 NW4 Artemisia tridentata var. tridentata-Poa pratensis-Festuca idahoensis community on slopes above spring and creek on loamy clay soil. Phenology: Flowers. Origin: Native. Walter Fertig 32083 29 Jul 2017 WTU-425408, WTU-V-069105