MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY of EDUCATION Department of English Language and Literature
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MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION Department of English Language and Literature J. K. Rowling: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (Translation and Analysis of Selected Proper Names) Bachelor Thesis Brno 2009 Supervisor: Written by: Mgr. Martin Němec Klára Klímová I declare that I have written the present thesis on my own, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography. I agree with the deposition of my thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at Masaryk University in Brno in order to make it accessible for further study purposes. Brno, 18 th April 2009 Klára Klímová 2 I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor, Mgr. Martin Němec, for the motivation he is giving me a teacher and translator, and also for his patience, kind support and valuable advice he provided me during the writing process. 3 CONTENTS 1. INTRODUCTION …………………………………….……………. 5 2. PRACTICAL PART………………………………………………… 6 3. THEORETICAL PART…………………………………………….. 44 3. 1. The translation of proper names – introduction………... 44 3. 2. Linguistic and cultural background…………………….. 44 3. 3. General and specific values of the translation………….. 46 3. 4. General strategies for the translation of proper names…. 47 4. THE ANALYSIS OF PROPER NAMES 4. 1. The title of the book…………………………………….. 48 4. 2. Personal names………………………………………….. 48 4. 3. Animal names…………………………………………… 55 4. 4. Place names …………………………………………….. 57 4. 4. Artifacts………………………………………………… 57 5. CONCLUSION……………………………………………………… 59 6. RESUMÉ…………………………………………………………….. 60 7. WORKS CITED……………………………………………………... 61 6. 1. Bibliography…………………………………………….. 61 6. 2. Web sources………………………………………………61 6.3. Dictionaries……………………………………………… 64 4 1. INTRODUCTION Before I came to university, it has never occurred to me that translation could be the topic for my thesis. Although I attended the translation seminars, I used to think about it as about a hobby and relaxation. However, my interest in translation seemed to grow to more and more serious, until I have realized that it would be a challenging choice for my bachelor thesis. As for the source text of my translation, I immediately knew it will be one of the Harry Potter books, because I am a great fan of the series, irrespective of my age. Finally I chose the seventh book, the last volume of the series, called Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by British writer Joanne K. Rowling. The thesis consists of a practical and a theoretical part. The practical part appears to be an excerption from two different chapters in the final part of the book, for I was not able to pick one of them out. As regards the theoretical part, I have decided to focus on the analysis of proper names, and there are two main reasons for that. When I was reading the official Czech translation, I wondered why some of the names are translated, whereas others are left unchanged. I wanted to find out the rules for that, if there were any. And then, the excerpt I chosen is literally thick with proper names, so why not to take an advantage of it? 5 2. PRACTICAL PART The castle was empty. He felt ghostly V hradě nebylo ani živáčka. Procházel striding through it alone, as if he had osamoceně chodbami a připadal si skoro already died. The portrait people were still jako nějaký přízrak, jako by už zemřel. missing from their frames; the whole place Portréty podél stěn stále zely prázdnotou a was eerily still, as if all its remaining všechny prostory byly podivně ztichlé; lifeblood were concentrated in the Great snad se nyní veškerá živoucí síla Hall where the dead and the mourners soustředila ve Velkém sále, kde se tísnili were crammed. pozůstalí a truchlili nad svými mrtvými. Harry pulled the Invisibility Cloak over Harry si přes sebe přehodil Plášť himself and descended through the floors, neviditelnosti a sestupoval stále níž, až at last walking down the marble staircase nakonec došel po mramorovém schodišti into the entrance hall. Perhaps some tiny do vstupní síně. Kdesi v hloubi duše pořád part of him hoped to be sensed, to be seen, doufal, že ho někdo vycítí, spatří a zastaví, to be stopped, but the Cloak was, as ever, ale Plášť sloužil stejně spolehlivě jako impenetrable, perfect, and he reached the vždy, neproniknutelný a příliš dokonalý, a front doors easily. tak se Harry bez problémů dostal až k východu. Then Neville nearly walked into him. A pak se málem srazil s Nevilem, který He was one half of a pair that was carrying jako jeden z dvojice nesl dovnitř další tělo a body in from the grounds. Harry glanced ze školních pozemků. Harry shlédl dolů a down and felt another dull blow to his znovu pocítil onu tupou bolest v žaludku: stomach: Colin Creevey, though underage, Colin Čilka. Nebyl ještě plnoletý, ale must have sneaked back just as Malfoy, zřejmě se proplížil zpátky, stejně jako Crabbe, and Goyle had done. He was tiny Lichovír, Krab a Škarpa. Smrt ho učinila in death. neskutečně drobounkým. ‘You know what? I can manage him „Víš co, Nevile? Zvládnu to sám,“ alone, Neville,’ said Oliver Wood, and he ozval se Oliver Wood. Položil si Colina po heaved Colin over his shoulder in a hasičském způsobu kolem ramen a nesl ho fireman’s lift and carried him into the do Velkého sálu. Great Hall. Neville leaned against the door frame Nevil se na okamžik opřel o rám dveří a for a moment and wiped his forehead with hřbetem ruky si přejel po čele. Vypadal 6 the back of his hand. He looked like an old jako stařec. Pak se opět vydal po schodech man. Then he set off on the steps again dolů a ven do tmy hledat další oběti. into the darkness to recover more bodies. Harry took one glance back at the Harry zabloudil pohledem zpět ke entrance of the Great Hall. People were vchodu do Velkého sálu a spatřil, jak lidé moving around, trying to comfort each přecházejí sem a tam, navzájem se utěšují, other, drinking, kneeling beside the dead, pijí či klečí nad mrtvými. Ale po lidech, na but he could not see any of the people he nichž mu záleželo nejvíce, nebylo ani loved, no hint of Hermione, Ron, Ginny, stopy; Hermionu, Rona ani Ginny nikde or any of the other Weasleys, no Luna. He nezahlédl. Nebyla tu ani Luna, ani nikdo felt he would have given all the time z Kolčavových. S radostí by vyměnil remaining to him for just one last look at zbývající minuty svého života za poslední them; but then, would he ever have the pohled na ně; ale byl by pak schopen strength to stop looking? It was better like odtrhnout od nich oči? Asi to takhle bylo this. lepší. He moved down the steps and out into Sešel po schodech dolů a vykročil do the darkness. It was nearly four in the temnoty. Přiblížila se čtvrtá hodina ranní a morning, and the deathly stillness of the jemu se zdálo, že mrtvolně tiché školní grounds felt as though they were holding pozemky jako by zadržují dech a their breath, waiting to see whether he vyčkávají, jestli je schopen udělat to, co je could do what he must. nezbytné. Harry moved toward Neville, who was Nevil se právě skláněl nad dalším bending over another body. tělem, když se k němu Harry vydal. ‘Neville.’ „Nevile.“ ‘Blimey, Harry, you nearly gave me „Ty bláho, Harry, málem mě z tebe heart failure!’ kleplo!“ Harry had pulled off the Cloak: the idea Harry si svlékl Plášť: ta myšlenka se had come to him out of nowhere, born out v něm zrodila znenadání a pramenila of a desire to make absolutely sure. z jeho potřeby mít naprostou jistotu. ‘Where are you going, alone?’ Neville „Kam to jdeš, takhle sám?“ zeptal se asked suspiciously. Nevil podezíravě. ‘It’s all part of the plan,’ said Harry. „Je to součást plánu,“ odpověděl Harry. ‘There’s something I’ve got to do. Listen – „Mám něco na starost. Poslouchej – Nevile 7 Neville –’ – “ ‘Harry!’ Neville looked suddenly Nevil vypadal zničehonic vyděšeně. scared. ‘Harry, you’re not thinking of „Harry! Snad nechceš jít a vzdát se jim?“ handing yourself over?’ ‘No,’ Harry lied easily. ‘Course not . „To ne,“ zalhal Harry rychle. „Jasně že . this is something else. But I might be out ne… Jde o něco jiného. Ale možná budu of sight for a while. You know chvíli mimo. Nevile, víš o tom, že Voldemort’s snake, Neville? He’s got a Voldemort má hada? Je obrovský… Říká huge snake . Calls it Nagini . .’ mu Nagini…“ ‘I’ve heard, yeah . What about it?’ „Jo, slyšel jsem o něm… Co je s ním?“ ‘It’s got to be killed. Ron and „Musíme se ho zbavit. Ron a Hermiona Hermione know that, but just in case they o tom ví, ale kdyby byli náhodou –“ –’ The awfulness of that possibility Ta hrozná představa ho na chvíli smothered him for a moment, made it ochromila a slova mu uvízla v hrdle, ale impossible to keep talking. But he pulled opět se vzchopil. Záviselo na tom všechno, himself together again: This was crucial, musel jednat stejně jako Bělocíp, zachovat he must be like Dumbledore, keep a cool chladnou hlavu, ujistit se, že za sebou head, make sure there were backups, zanechá následovníky; někoho, kdo bude others to carry on. Dumbledore had died pokračovat. Bělocíp zemřel s vědomím, že knowing that three people still knew about o Primárech ví další tři lidé; nyní Harryho the Horcruxes; now Neville would take místo zaujme Nevil a tajemství budou stále Harry’s place: There would still be three in střežit tři osoby. the secret. ‘Just in case they’re – busy – and you „Kdyby byli třeba – zaneprázdnění – a get the chance –’ tobě by se naskytla příležitost –“ ‘Kill the snake?’ „Toho hada zabít?“ ‘Kill the snake,’ Harry repeated.