MASARYK UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF EDUCATION Department of English Language and Literature

J. K. Rowling: Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows (Translation and Analysis of Selected Proper Names)

Bachelor Thesis

Brno 2009

Supervisor: Written by: Mgr. Martin Němec Klára Klímová

I declare that I have written the present thesis on my own, using only the primary and secondary sources listed in the bibliography.

I agree with the deposition of my thesis in the library of the Faculty of Education at Masaryk University in Brno in order to make it accessible for further study purposes.

Brno, 18 th April 2009 Klára Klímová

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I would like to express my sincere thanks to my supervisor, Mgr. Martin Němec, for the motivation he is giving me a teacher and translator, and also for his patience, kind support and valuable advice he provided me during the writing process.

3 CONTENTS

1. INTRODUCTION …………………………………….……………. 5

2. PRACTICAL PART………………………………………………… 6

3. THEORETICAL PART…………………………………………….. 44

3. 1. The translation of proper names – introduction………... 44

3. 2. Linguistic and cultural background…………………….. 44

3. 3. General and specific values of the translation………….. 46

3. 4. General strategies for the translation of proper names…. 47

4. THE ANALYSIS OF PROPER NAMES

4. 1. The title of the book…………………………………….. 48

4. 2. Personal names………………………………………….. 48

4. 3. Animal names…………………………………………… 55

4. 4. Place names …………………………………………….. 57

4. 4. Artifacts………………………………………………… 57

5. CONCLUSION……………………………………………………… 59

6. RESUMÉ…………………………………………………………….. 60

7. WORKS CITED……………………………………………………... 61

6. 1. Bibliography…………………………………………….. 61

6. 2. Web sources………………………………………………61

6.3. Dictionaries……………………………………………… 64

4 1. INTRODUCTION Before I came to university, it has never occurred to me that translation could be the topic for my thesis. Although I attended the translation seminars, I used to think about it as about a hobby and relaxation. However, my interest in translation seemed to grow to more and more serious, until I have realized that it would be a challenging choice for my bachelor thesis. As for the source text of my translation, I immediately knew it will be one of the Harry Potter books, because I am a great fan of the series, irrespective of my age. Finally I chose the seventh book, the last volume of the series, called Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by British writer Joanne K. Rowling. The thesis consists of a practical and a theoretical part. The practical part appears to be an excerption from two different chapters in the final part of the book, for I was not able to pick one of them out. As regards the theoretical part, I have decided to focus on the analysis of proper names, and there are two main reasons for that. When I was reading the official Czech translation, I wondered why some of the names are translated, whereas others are left unchanged. I wanted to find out the rules for that, if there were any. And then, the excerpt I chosen is literally thick with proper names, so why not to take an advantage of it?

5 2. PRACTICAL PART The castle was empty. He felt ghostly V hradě nebylo ani živáčka. Procházel striding through it alone, as if he had osamoceně chodbami a připadal si skoro already died. The portrait people were still jako nějaký přízrak, jako by už zemřel. missing from their frames; the whole place Portréty podél stěn stále zely prázdnotou a was eerily still, as if all its remaining všechny prostory byly podivně ztichlé; lifeblood were concentrated in the Great snad se nyní veškerá živoucí síla Hall where the dead and the mourners soustředila ve Velkém sále, kde se tísnili were crammed. pozůstalí a truchlili nad svými mrtvými. Harry pulled the Invisibility Cloak over Harry si přes sebe přehodil Plášť himself and descended through the floors, neviditelnosti a sestupoval stále níž, až at last walking down the marble staircase nakonec došel po mramorovém schodišti into the entrance hall. Perhaps some tiny do vstupní síně. Kdesi v hloubi duše pořád part of him hoped to be sensed, to be seen, doufal, že ho někdo vycítí, spatří a zastaví, to be stopped, but the Cloak was, as ever, ale Plášť sloužil stejně spolehlivě jako impenetrable, perfect, and he reached the vždy, neproniknutelný a příliš dokonalý, a front doors easily. tak se Harry bez problémů dostal až k východu. Then Neville nearly walked into him. A pak se málem srazil s Nevilem, který He was one half of a pair that was carrying jako jeden z dvojice nesl dovnitř další tělo a body in from the grounds. Harry glanced ze školních pozemků. Harry shlédl dolů a down and felt another dull blow to his znovu pocítil onu tupou bolest v žaludku: stomach: Colin Creevey, though underage, Colin Čilka. Nebyl ještě plnoletý, ale must have sneaked back just as Malfoy, zřejmě se proplížil zpátky, stejně jako Crabbe, and Goyle had done. He was tiny Lichovír, Krab a Škarpa. Smrt ho učinila in death. neskutečně drobounkým. ‘You know what? I can manage him „Víš co, Nevile? Zvládnu to sám,“ alone, Neville,’ said Oliver Wood, and he ozval se Oliver Wood. Položil si Colina po heaved Colin over his shoulder in a hasičském způsobu kolem ramen a nesl ho fireman’s lift and carried him into the do Velkého sálu. Great Hall. Neville leaned against the door frame Nevil se na okamžik opřel o rám dveří a for a moment and wiped his forehead with hřbetem ruky si přejel po čele. Vypadal

6 the back of his hand. He looked like an old jako stařec. Pak se opět vydal po schodech man. Then he set off on the steps again dolů a ven do tmy hledat další oběti. into the darkness to recover more bodies. Harry took one glance back at the Harry zabloudil pohledem zpět ke entrance of the Great Hall. People were vchodu do Velkého sálu a spatřil, jak lidé moving around, trying to comfort each přecházejí sem a tam, navzájem se utěšují, other, drinking, kneeling beside the dead, pijí či klečí nad mrtvými. Ale po lidech, na but he could not see any of the people he nichž mu záleželo nejvíce, nebylo ani loved, no hint of Hermione, Ron, Ginny, stopy; Hermionu, Rona ani Ginny nikde or any of the other Weasleys, no Luna. He nezahlédl. Nebyla tu ani Luna, ani nikdo felt he would have given all the time z Kolčavových. S radostí by vyměnil remaining to him for just one last look at zbývající minuty svého života za poslední them; but then, would he ever have the pohled na ně; ale byl by pak schopen strength to stop looking? It was better like odtrhnout od nich oči? Asi to takhle bylo this. lepší. He moved down the steps and out into Sešel po schodech dolů a vykročil do the darkness. It was nearly four in the temnoty. Přiblížila se čtvrtá hodina ranní a morning, and the deathly stillness of the jemu se zdálo, že mrtvolně tiché školní grounds felt as though they were holding pozemky jako by zadržují dech a their breath, waiting to see whether he vyčkávají, jestli je schopen udělat to, co je could do what he must. nezbytné. Harry moved toward Neville, who was Nevil se právě skláněl nad dalším bending over another body. tělem, když se k němu Harry vydal. ‘Neville.’ „Nevile.“ ‘Blimey, Harry, you nearly gave me „Ty bláho, Harry, málem mě z tebe heart failure!’ kleplo!“ Harry had pulled off the Cloak: the idea Harry si svlékl Plášť: ta myšlenka se had come to him out of nowhere, born out v něm zrodila znenadání a pramenila of a desire to make absolutely sure. z jeho potřeby mít naprostou jistotu. ‘Where are you going, alone?’ Neville „Kam to jdeš, takhle sám?“ zeptal se asked suspiciously. Nevil podezíravě. ‘It’s all part of the plan,’ said Harry. „Je to součást plánu,“ odpověděl Harry. ‘There’s something I’ve got to do. Listen – „Mám něco na starost. Poslouchej – Nevile

7 Neville –’ – “ ‘Harry!’ Neville looked suddenly Nevil vypadal zničehonic vyděšeně. scared. ‘Harry, you’re not thinking of „Harry! Snad nechceš jít a vzdát se jim?“ handing yourself over?’ ‘No,’ Harry lied easily. ‘Course not . . „To ne,“ zalhal Harry rychle. „Jasně že . this is something else. But I might be out ne… Jde o něco jiného. Ale možná budu of sight for a while. You know chvíli mimo. Nevile, víš o tom, že Voldemort’s snake, Neville? He’s got a Voldemort má hada? Je obrovský… Říká huge snake . . . Calls it Nagini . . .’ mu Nagini…“ ‘I’ve heard, yeah . . . What about it?’ „Jo, slyšel jsem o něm… Co je s ním?“ ‘It’s got to be killed. Ron and „Musíme se ho zbavit. Ron a Hermiona Hermione know that, but just in case they o tom ví, ale kdyby byli náhodou –“ –’ The awfulness of that possibility Ta hrozná představa ho na chvíli smothered him for a moment, made it ochromila a slova mu uvízla v hrdle, ale impossible to keep talking. But he pulled opět se vzchopil. Záviselo na tom všechno, himself together again: This was crucial, musel jednat stejně jako Bělocíp, zachovat he must be like Dumbledore, keep a cool chladnou hlavu, ujistit se, že za sebou head, make sure there were backups, zanechá následovníky; někoho, kdo bude others to carry on. Dumbledore had died pokračovat. Bělocíp zemřel s vědomím, že knowing that three people still knew about o Primárech ví další tři lidé; nyní Harryho the Horcruxes; now Neville would take místo zaujme Nevil a tajemství budou stále Harry’s place: There would still be three in střežit tři osoby. the secret. ‘Just in case they’re – busy – and you „Kdyby byli třeba – zaneprázdnění – a get the chance –’ tobě by se naskytla příležitost –“ ‘Kill the snake?’ „Toho hada zabít?“ ‘Kill the snake,’ Harry repeated. „Toho hada zabít,“ přikývl Harry. ‘All right, Harry. You’re okay, are „Spolehni se, Harry. Není ti něco?“ you?’ ‘I’m fine. Thanks, Neville.’ „Ne, jsem v pohodě. Díky, Nevile.“ But Neville seized his wrist as Harry made Ale jakmile se pohnul, Nevil ho chytil to move on. za zápěstí.

8 ‘We’re all going to keep fighting, „Budeme bojovat dál, Harry, víš to?“ Harry. You know that?’ ‘Yeah, I –’ „Jo, já –“ The suffocating feeling extinguished Dusivý pocit zaplnil jeho hrdlo a the end of the sentence; he could not go znemožnil mu pokračovat. Nevil se nad on. Neville did not seem to find it strange. tím ale nepozastavil; jen poplácal Harryho He patted Harry on the shoulder, released po rameni a vydal se hledat další těla. him, and walked away to look for more bodies. Harry swung the Cloak back over Harry si přes sebe přehodil Plášť a himself and walked on. Someone else was pokračoval v cestě. Kousek odtud se moving not far away, stooping over pohyboval někdo další, skláněl se nad another prone figure on the ground. He postavou schoulenou čelem k zemi. Když was feet away from her when he realized it se Harry přiblížil na několik metrů, was Ginny. uvědomil si, že je to Ginny. He stopped in his tracks. She was Zarazil se. Nakláněla se nad děvčetem, crouching over a girl who was whispering které se šeptem dožadovalo své matky. for her mother. ‘It’s all right,’ Ginny was saying. ‘It’s „To nic není,“ chlácholila ji Ginny, ok. We’re going to get you inside.’ „všechno je v pořádku. Dostaneme tě dovnitř.“ ‘But I want to go home ,’ whispered the „Ale já chci jet domů ,“ špitla dívenka. girl. ‘I don’t want to fight anymore!’ „Nechci už bojovat!“ ‘I know,’ said Ginny, and her voice „Já vím,“ odvětila Ginny a její hlas se broke. ‘It’s going to be all right.’ zlomil. „Všechno dobře dopadne.“ Ripples of cold undulated over Harry’s Harryho polil ledový pot. Chtěl zakřičet skin. He wanted to shout out to the night, do noci, dát Ginny vědět že tam stojí; říct he wanted Ginny to know that he was jí, kam má namířeno. Přál si, aby ho někdo there, he wanted her to know where he was zastavil, odvlekl zpátky, poslal zpět going. He wanted to be stopped, to be domů… dragged back, to be sent back home. . . . But he was home. Hogwarts was the Ale on přece byl doma. Lučival byl first and best home he had known. He and jeho prvním a nejlepším domovem, jaký

9 Voldemort and Snape, the abandoned kdy poznal. On, Voldemort i Šleh coby boys, had all found home here. . . . opuštění chlapci, ti všichni tu našli domov… Ginny was kneeling beside the injured Ginny teď klečela vedle zraněné dívky girl now, holding her hand. With a huge a držela ji za ruku. S vypětím všech sil se effort Harry forced himself on. He thought Harry donutil pokračovat dál. Když he saw Ginny look around as he passed, procházel kolem nich, zdálo se mu, že and wondered whether she had sensed Ginny zvedla hlavu a napadlo ho, jestli someone walking nearby, but he did not poblíž vycítila něčí přítomnost. speak, and he did not look back. Nepromluvil však, ani se neotočil zpět. Hagrid’s hut loomed out of the Z temnoty se vyloupla Rudolícova darkness. There were no lights, no sound chýše. Uvnitř se nesvítilo, nikde nebylo of Fang scrabbling at the door, his bark ani stopy po Pazourovi škrábajícím na booming in welcome. All those visits to dveře, po jeho hřímajícím štěkotu na Hagrid, and the gleam of the copper kettle uvítanou. Harry si vzpomněl na všechny on the fire, and rock cakes and giant grubs, ty návštěvy u Rudolíce, na odlesk měděné and his great bearded face, and Ron konvice zavěšené nad ohněm, na koláčky vomiting slugs, and Hermione helping him z curkandlu i obří červy, na jeho veliký, save Norbert . . . vousatý obličej a na Hermionu, když mu pomáhala zachránit Norberta… He moved on, and now he reached the Popošel ještě kus, až se dostal na kraj edge of the forest, and he stopped. lesa a tam zůstal stát. A swarm of dementors was gliding Mezi stromy proplouvala spousta amongst the trees; he could feel their chill, dušisajů; vnímal jejich chlad a nebyl si and he was not sure he would be able to jistý, zda kolem nich dokáže projít bez pass safely through it. He had no strength úhony. Na vykouzlení Patrona mu left for a Patronus. He could no longer nezbývaly síly, a navíc už nebyl schopen control his own trembling. It was not, after nadále potlačovat třes vlastního těla. Tak all, so easy to die. Every second he umírání nakonec přece jen nebylo nic breathed, the smell of the grass, the cool snadného. Každá vteřina, kdy mohl air on his face, was so precious: To think dýchat, vnímat vůni trávy či chladný that people had years and years, time to vzduch na své tváři, mu připadala tak waste, so much time it dragged, and he cenná. Myslel na to, že ostatní mají před

10 was clinging to each second. At the same sebou dlouhá léta, takovou spoustu času až time he thought that he would not be able se jim může zdát že se vleče, zatímco on to go on, and knew that he must. The long lpí na každé vteřince. V tu chvíli nevěřil, game was ended, the Snitch had been že bude schopen jít dál a zároveň věděl, že caught, it was time to leave the air … nic jiného mu nezbývá. Zdlouhavá hra bylo u konce, Svistulka byla chycena, nastal čas spadnout z oblak na pevnou zem… The Snitch. His nerveless fingers Svistulka. Ochablými prsty chvíli tápal fumbled for a moment with the pouch at uvnitř váčku zavěšeného kolem krku a his neck and he pulled it out. vytáhl ji ven. I open at the close. Otevřu se na závěr. Breathing fast and hard, he stared down Zíral na ni a jeho dech se zrychloval. I at it. Now that he wanted time to move as když si přál, aby se čas vlekl co slowly as possible, he seemed to have sped nejpomaleji, ten teď jako by naopak up, and understanding was coming so fast zrychlil a jemu svitlo tak náhle, jako by it seemed to have bypassed thought. This nové poznání vybublalo na povrch všech was the close. This was the moment. ostatních myšlenek. Tohle byl závěr. To byl ten okamžik. He pressed the golden metal to his lips Přitiskl si zlatý kov ke rtům a zašeptal: and whispered, ‘I am about to die.’ „Můj čas se naplnil.“ The metal shell broke open. He lowered Kovová schránka pukla. Spustil his shaking hand, raised Draco’s wand třesoucí se ruku trochu níž, pozvedl pod beneath the Cloak, and murmured, pláštěm Dracovu hůlku a šeptl, „ Lumos. “ ‘Lumos.’ The black stone with its jagged crack Uvnitř rozlousknuté Svistulky ležel running down the center sat in the two černý kámen s rozšklebenou puklinou halves of the Snitch. The Resurrection uprostřed. Od shora dolů se po Kameni Stone had cracked down the vertical line zmrtvýchvstání táhla rýha představující representing the Elder Wand. The triangle Prastarou hůlku. Stále byl čitelný i and circle representing the Cloak and the trojúhelník a kruh, symboly představující stone were still discernible. Plášť neviditelnosti a Kámen zmrtvýchvstání.

11 And again Harry understood without A Harry opět bez přemýšlení pochopil. having to think. It did not matter about Nemělo smysl snažit se je přivolat zpět, bringing them back, for he was about to protože se k nim měl co nevidět připojit. join them. He was not really fetching On si nešel pro ně, ve skutečnosti si oni šli them: They were fetching him. pro něj. He closed his eyes and turned the stone Zavřel oči a třikrát obrátil kámen v over in his hand three times. dlani. He knew it had happened, because he Věděl, že se to stalo; poznal to podle heard slight movements around him that nepatrných pohybů okolo sebe a tichého suggested frail bodies shifting their footing šustění větviček a listí v hlinité půdě na on the earthy, twig–strewn ground that vnějším okraji lesa. Znělo to, jako by tam marked the outer edge of the forest. He zlehka našlapovalo několik křehkých opened his eyes and looked around. postav. Otevřel oči a rozhlédl se. They were neither ghost nor truly flesh, Nepodobali se ani přízrakům, ani he could see that. They resembled most bytostem z masa a kostí, to věděl jistě. closely the Riddle that had escaped from Nejvíc ze všeho připomínaly Radla, když the diary so long ago, and he had been před tolika lety vystoupil ze svého deníku memory made nearly solid. Less jako zhmotnělá vzpomínka. Pohnuli se substantial than living bodies, but much směrem k němu, éteričtější než živí lidé, more than ghosts, they moved toward him. ale mnohem skutečnější než duchové. Tvář And on each face, there was the same každého z nich byla rozzářena do stejně loving smile. láskyplného úsměvu. James was exactly the same height as James se tyčil do stejné výšky jako Harry. He was wearing the clothes in Harry. Byl oblečen stejně jako v okamžiku which he had died, and his hair was untidy své smrti, vlasy neupravené a rozcuchané a and ruffled, and his glasses were a little brýle posazené kapánek nakřivo, stejně lopsided, like Mr. Weasley’s. Sirius was jako je nosíval pan Kolčava. Sirius byl tall and handsome, and younger by far vysoký, urostlý a mnohem mladší, než jak than Harry had seen him in life. He loped si ho Harry pamatoval. Vykračoval si with an easy grace, his hands in his s ledabylou elegancí, ruce v kapsách a pockets and a grin on his face. tvář zkroucenou do úšklebku. Lupin was younger too, and much less I Vlčan se zdál být mladší a mnohem shabby, and his hair was thicker and méně zbědovaný; jeho vlasy byly hustší a

12 darker. He looked happy to be back in this tmavší. Byl zase ve svém živlu, zpět v familiar place, scene of so many místech svých jinošských toulek. adolescent wanderings. Lily’s smile was widest of all. She Nejširší úsměv se rozléval po tváři Lily. pushed her long hair back as she drew Přistoupila k němu blíž, dlouhé vlasy si closer to him, and her green eyes, so like shrnula dozadu a svýma zelenýma očima, his, searched his face hungrily, as though jež se tak podobaly jeho vlastním, se mu she would never be able to look at him lačně vpíjela tváře, jako by se nemohla enough. vynadívat. ‘You’ve been so brave.’ „Byl jsi tak statečný.“ He could not speak. His eyes feasted Nebyl s to promluvit. Lpěl na ní očima on her, and he thought that he would like a pomyslel si, že by tu dokázal takhle stát to stand and look at her forever, and that a pozorovat ji donekonečna, a snad teprve would be enough. potom by se toho pohledu nasytil. ‘You are nearly there,’ said James. „Jsi téměř u cíle,“ řekl James. „Tak ‘Very close. We are…so proud of you.’ blízko. Jsme na tebe… velice hrdí.“ ‘Does it hurt?’ „Bude to bolet?“ The childish question had fallen from Ta dětinská otázka sklouzla z jeho rtů Harry’s lips before he could stop it. dřív, než ji mohl zastavit. ‘Dying? Not at all,’ said Sirius. „Umírání? Vůbec ne,“ odvětil Sirius. ‘Quicker and easier than falling asleep.’ „Je to rychlejší a snadnější než usínání.“ ‘And he will want it to be quick. He „A on se bude snažit být rychlý. Chce to wants it over,’ said Lupin. mít za sebou,“ přidal se Vlčan. ‘I didn’t want you to die,’ Harry said. „Nechtěl jsem, aby jste zemřeli,“ These words came without his volition. vyhrkl Harry bez přemýšlení, „nikdo z vás. ‘Any of you. I’m sorry —’ Mrzí mě to –“ He addressed Lupin more than any of Ta slova patřila především Vlčanovi, them, beseeching him. prosil ho jimi za odpuštění. ‘— right after you’d had your „ – a ještě k tomu chvíli potom, co se ti son…Remus, I’m sorry —’ narodil syn… Remusi, je mi to líto –“ ‘I am sorry too,’ said Lupin. ‘Sorry I „Mě taky,“ přikývl Vlčan, „Bolí mě, že will never know him … But he will know ho nikdy nepoznám… Ale on bude znát why I died and I hope he will understand. I důvod mé smrti a doufám, že pochopí.

13 was trying to make a world in which he Snažil jsem se vytvořit svět, v němž by could live a happier life.’ mohl vést šťastnější život.“ A chilly breeze that seemed to emanate Mrazivý vánek, který jako by vycházel from the heart of the forest lifted the hair ze samého srdce lesa, odfoukl Harrymu at Harry’s brow. He knew that they would vlasy z čela. Věděl, že ho nebudou pobízet not tell him to go, that it would have to be k další cestě. Musí se odhodlat sám. his decision. ‘You’ll stay with me?’ „Zůstanete se mnou?“ ‘Until the very end,’ said James. „Až do úplného konce,“ přitakal James. ‘They won’t be able to see you?’ asked „Oni vás neuvidí?“ podivil se Harry. Harry. ‘We are part of you,’ said Sirius. „Jsme součástí tebe,“ odpověděl Sirius. ‘Invisible to anyone else.’ „Nikdo jiný nás nemůže spatřit.“ Harry looked at his mother. Harry pohlédl na matku. ‘Stay close to me,’ he said quietly. „Buď mi nablízku,“ poprosil tiše. And he set off. The dementors’ chill did Vydali se dál. Chlad dušisajů ho not overcome him; he passed through it nezlomil; proklouzl kolem nich, protože with his companions, and they acted like jeho společníci plnili zároveň úlohu Patronuses to him, and together they Patronů a společně si klestili cestu mezi marched through the old trees that grew letitými stromy, které rostly namačkány closely together, their branches tangled, jeden na druhý, větve zapletené a kořeny their roots gnarled and twisted underfoot. zavrtané a zkroucené v půdě pod jejich Harry clutched the Cloak tightly around nohama. Jak postupovali stále hlouběji do him in the darkness, traveling deeper and lesa, Harry si v temnotě přitáhl Plášť co deeper into the forest, with no idea where nejtěsněji k tělu. Neměl ani potuchy o tom, exactly Voldemort was, but sure that he kde se Voldemort nachází, ale byl si zcela would find him. Beside him, making jistý, že ho najde. Vedle něj téměř scarcely a sound, walked James, Sirius, neslyšně kráčeli James, Sirius, Vlčan a Lupin, and Lily, and their presence was his Lily. Jejich přítomnost mu dodávala courage, and the reason he was able to odvahu, díky nim byl ještě schopen keep putting one foot in front of the other. pokračovat vpřed, krok za krokem. His body and mind felt oddly Připadalo mu, že jeho tělo a mysl disconnected now, his limbs working pracují odděleně, že se jeho končetiny

14 without conscious instruction, as if he pohybují bez vědomého pokynu. Už were passenger, not driver, in the body he zřejmě neporoučel tělu, které se chystal co was about to leave. The dead who walked nevidět opustit; ono poroučelo jemu. beside him through the forest were much Přízraky kráčející po jeho boku se nyní more real to him now than the living back zdály být mnohem skutečnější, než živí at the castle: Ron, Hermione, Ginny, and lidé v hradě za nimi: to Ron, Hermiona, all the others were the ones who felt like Ginny a ostatní mu teď připadali jako ghosts as he stumbled and slipped toward duchové, zatímco se klopýtavě plahočil the end of his life, toward Voldemort … vstříc své záhubě, vstříc Voldemortovi…

* *

‘Harry Potter is dead. He was killed as „Harry Potter je mrtvý. Byl zabit při he ran away, trying to save himself while útěku, snažil se zachránit si svůj mrzký you lay down your lives for him. We bring život, zatímco vy jste pro něj nasazovali ty you his body as proof that your hero is své. Přinesli jsme jeho tělo jako důkaz gone.’ toho, že váš hrdina už není mezi živými. ‘The battle is won. You have lost half „Zvítězili jsme. Ztratili jste polovinu of your fighters. My Death Eaters bojovníků. Mí Smrtirádi jsou v přesile a s outnumber you, and the Boy Who Lived is Chlapcem, který přežil, jsem se konečně finished. There must be no more war. vypořádal. Nechceme další válku. Každý, Anyone who continues to resist, man, kdo bude i nadále klást odpor, ať muž, woman or child, will be slaughtered, as žena či dítě, bude umlčen a prolita bude i will every member of their family. Come krev jeho nejbližších. Vyjděte nyní ven out of the castle now, kneel before me, and z hradu, poklekněte přede mnou a budete you shall be spared. Your parents and ušetřeni. Vaši rodiče a děti, vaši bratři a children, your brothers and sisters will live sestry budou žít a bude jim odpuštěno a vy and be forgiven, and you will join me in se stanete součástí nového světa, který the new world we shall build together.’ společně vybudujeme.“ There was silence in the grounds and Jak nad školními pozemky, tak nad from the castle. Voldemort was so close to hradem panovalo ticho. Voldemort byl him that Harry did not dare open his eyes nyní tak blízko, že se Harry neodvažoval again. znovu pootevřít oči. ‘Come,’ said Voldemort, and Harry „Jdeme,“ poručil Voldemort. Harry ho

15 heard him move ahead, and Hagrid was slyšel postoupit vpřed a Rudolíc byl nucen forced to follow. Now Harry opened his udělat totéž. Harry na okamžik zamžoural eyes a fraction, and saw Voldemort skrz pootevřená víčka. Voldemort kráčel striding in front them, wearing the great před nimi a obrovský had Nagini se mu snake Nagini around his shoulders, now ovíjel kolem ramen, nyní osvobozený free of her enchanted cage. But Harry had z čarovné klece. Harry si ovšem nemohl no possibility of extracting the wand dovolit vyprostit hůlku ukrytou v hábitu, concealed under his robes without being aniž by riskoval, že bude odhalen. Z obou noticed by the Death Eaters, who marched stran byl totiž obklopen Smrtirády a on the either side of them through the všichni společně si razili cestu řídnoucí slowly lightening darkness . . . . temnotou… ‘Harry,’ sobbed Hagrid. ‘Oh, Harry . . . „Harry,“ vzlykal Rudolíc. „Ach, Harry . . .’ Harry… Harry…“ Harry shut his eyes tight again. He Harry znovu co nejpevněji semkl víčka. knew that they were approaching the castle Věděl, že se přibližují k hradu, napínal uši and strained his ears to distinguish, above a snažil se rozpoznat mezi rozjařenými the gleeful voices of the Death Eaters and výkřiky Smrtirádů a dusotem jejich kroků their tramping footsteps, signs of life from jakékoliv známky toho, že by byl tam those within. uvnitř někdo naživu. ‘Stop.’ „Stát.“ The Death Eaters came to a halt; Harry Smrtirádi uposlechli a Harry slyšel, jak se heard them spreading out in a line facing vyrovnávají do řady čelem k hlavní bráně the open front doors of the school. He školy. Dopadalo na něj osvětlení linoucí se could see, even though his closed lids, the ze vstupní síně; tu červenavou záři vnímal reddish glow that meant light streamed i přes zavřená víčka. Vyčkával. Ti, za něž upon him from the entrance hall. He chtěl položit život, ho každým okamžikem waited. Any moment, the people for whom spatří bezvládně ležet v Rudolícově náručí. he had tried to die would see him, lying apparently dead, in Hagrid's arms. ‘NO!’ „NE!“ The scream was the more terrible Ten bolestný výkřik byl nesnesitelný; because he had never expected or dreamed Harrymu se nikdy ani nesnilo o tom, že se that Professor McGonagall could make z hrdla profesorky Suchopýrové může

16 such a sound. He heard another women takový zvuk vydrat. Nedaleko zaslechl laughing nearby, and knew that Bellatrix smích dalšího ženského hlasu a bylo mu gloried in McGonagall's despair. He jasné, že Belatrix se v zoufalství squinted again for a single second and saw profesorky Suchopýrové jaksepatří vyžívá. the open doorway filling with people, as Risknul ještě jeden pohled skrz pootevřená the survivors of the battle came out onto víčka a spatřil, jak se otevřená brána the front steps to face their vanquishers zaplňuje lidmi. Ti, kdo bitvu přežili, and see the truth of Harry's death for vystoupili nyní zpoza zdí, aby stanuli tváří themselves. He saw Voldemort standing a v tvář svým přemožitelům a na vlastní oči little in front of him, stroking Nagini's se přesvědčili o Harryho smrti. head with a single white finger. He closed Zaregistroval, že Voldemort stojí jen his eyes again. kousíček před ním a bledým prstem hladí Naginiho po hlavě. Znovu zavřel oči. ‘No!’ „Ne!“ ‘No!’ „Ne!“ ‘Harry! HARRY!’ „Harry! HARRY!“ Ron's, Hermione's, and Ginny's voices Výkřiky Rona, Hermiony a Ginny byly were worse than McGonagall's; Harry ještě strašnější než nářek Suchopýrové. wanted nothing more than to call back, yet Harry si nejvíc ze všeho na světě přál he made himself lie silent, and their cries odpovědět, přesto se však přinutil ležel bez acted like a trigger; the crowd of survivors hnutí. Jejich hlasy rozpoutaly vlnu dalších; took up the cause, screaming and yelling dav pozůstalých se chopil příležitosti a abuse at the Death Eaters, until – začal na Smrtirády chrlit nadávky a urážky, dokud Voldemort nezavřískl – ‘SILENCE!’ cried Voldemort, and „TICHO!“ Následoval třesk a záblesk there was a bang and a flash of bright jasného světla a všichni byli přinuceni light, and silence was forced upon them uposlechnout. „Je po všem! Polož ho na all. ‘It is over! Set him down, Hagrid, at zem, Rudolíče, k mým nohám, kam patří!“ my feet, where he belongs!’ Harry felt himself lowered onto the Harry cítil, jak klesl do trávy. grass. ‘You see?’ said Voldemort, and Harry „Vidíte?“ pronesl Voldemort a Harry felt him striding backward and forward mohl s jistotou říct, že před ním přechází

17 right beside the place where he lay. ‘Harry sem a tam. „Harry Potter je mrtvý! Potter is dead! Do you understand now, Prohlédli jste nyní, vy zaslepení? Nebyl deluded ones? He was nothing, ever, but a ničím víc, než jen obyčejným chlapcem, boy who relied on others to sacrifice který se spoléhal na to, že jiní za něj budou themselves for him!’ pokládat oběti!“ ‘He beat you!’ yelled Ron, and the „Přemohl tě!“ zaječel Ron a Umlčovací charm broke, and the defenders of kouzlo jako by se zlomilo; lučivalští Hogwarts were shouting and screaming obránci o sobě znovu dali vědět, dokud je again until a second, more powerful bang neumlčela druhá, silnější rána. extinguished their voices once more. ‘He was killed while trying to sneak out „Polapili jsme ho, zatímco se snažil of the castle grounds,’ said Voldemort, and vyplížil pryč ze školních pozemků,“ there was a relish in his voice for the lie, vychutnával si svou lež Voldemort, „byl ‘killed while trying to save himself – ‘ zabit, zatímco se snažil zachránit si vlastní krk –“ But Voldemort broke off: Harry heard a Náhle se zarazil. Harry zaslechl zvuky scuffle and a shout, then another bang, a šarvátky a výkřik, poté další zadunění a flash of light, and grunt of pain; he opened bolestné zasténání. Vykoukl skrz his eyes an infinitesimal amount. Someone nepatrnou škvírku. Kdosi se oddělil z davu had broken free of the crowd and charged a zaútočil na Voldemorta: Harry spatřil, at Voldemort: Harry saw the figure hit the jak byl ten dotyčný sražen k zemi. ground. Disarmed, Voldemort throwing Voldemort odmrštil hůlku útočníka the challenger's wand aside and laughing. stranou a rozchechtal se. ‘And who is this?’ he said in his soft „Kohopak to tady máme?“ zasyčel snake's hiss. ‘Who has volunteered to měkce. „Kdo se dobrovolně přihlásil, aby demonstrate what happens to those who ukázal ostatním, co se s nimi stane, jestliže continue to fight when the battle is lost?’ budou i nadále klást odpor v prohrané bitvě?“ Bellatrix gave a delighted laugh. Z hrdla Belatrix se vydralo potěšené zaskřehotání. ‘It is Neville Longbottom, my Lord! „To je Nevil Škobrta, můj pane! Ten The boy who has been giving the Carrows kluk, který způsobil Carovovým tolik so much trouble! The son of the Aurors, problémů! Syn Aurorů, vzpomínáte si?“

18 remember?’ ‘Ah, yes, I remember,’ said Voldemort, „Ach ano, vím, o koho jde,“ přikývl looking down at Neville, who was Voldemort. Pozoroval Nevila, jak se ze struggling back to his feet, unarmed and všech sil snaží postavit zpět na nohy, unprotected, standing in the no–man's– neozbrojený a nechráněný, na hluchém land between the survivors and the Death místě mezi svými přáteli a Smrtirády. „Ale Eaters. ‘But you are a pureblood, aren't tobě koluje v žilách čistá kouzelnická krev, you, my brave boy? Voldemort asked můj statečný chlapče. Že mám pravdu?“ Neville, who stood facing him, his empty otázal se Nevila, který už stál na nohou a hands curled in fists. hleděl Voldemortovi zpříma do tváře. ‘So what if I am?’ said Neville loudly. „A co má být?“ vyštěkl hlasitě. ‘You show spirit and bravery, and you „Máš odvážného ducha a pocházíš come of noble stock. You will make a very z urozeného rodu. Byl by z tebe velmi valuable Death Eater. We need your kind, cenný Smrtirád. Potřebujeme takové, jako Neville Longbottom.’ jsi ty, Nevile Škobrto.“ ‘I'll join you when hell freezes over,’ „Jen přes mou mrtvolu,“ odsekl Nevil. said Neville. ‘Dumbledore's Army!’ he „Bělocípova armáda!“ zaburácel, a shouted, and there was an answering cheer navzdory Umlčovacímu kouzlu mu z davu from the crowd, whom Voldemort's odpovědělo jásavé zaburácení. Silencing Charm seemed unable to hold. ‘Very well,’ said Voldemort, and Harry „Jak si přeješ,“ odvětil Voldemort a heard more danger in the silkiness of his Harrymu se náhle jeho sametový hlas zdál voice than in the most powerful curse. ‘If nebezpečnější, než jakákoli kletba. „Je–li that is your choice, Longbottom, we revert to tvé rozhodnutí, Škobrto, budeme se to the original plan. On your head,’ he said držet původního plánu. Řekl sis o to,“ sykl quietly, ‘be it.’ tiše. Škvírkou mezi řasami Harry spatřil, Still watching through his lashes, Harry jak Voldemort máchl hůlkou. Chvíli poté saw Voldemort wave his wand. Seconds vylétlo jedním z roztříštěných oken školy later, out of one of the castle's shattered cosi jako pochroumaný pták; prosvištělo to windows, something that looked like a probouzejícím se úsvitem a přistálo přímo misshapen bird flew through the half light ve Voldemortově ruce. Ten uchopil sešlý and landed in Voldemort's hand. He shook předmět za jeho špičatý konec a zatřásl the mildewed object by its pointed end and s ním. Ve vzduchu se houpal prázdný a

19 it dangled, empty and ragged: the Sorting zbědovaný Klobouk sounáležitosti. Hat. ‘There will be no more Sorting at „V Lučivalu už nebude žádné Hogwarts School,’ said Voldemort. ‘There zařazování do kolejí,“ oznámil Voldemort. will be no more Houses. The emblem, „Nebude jich potřeba. Emblém, štít a shield and colors of my noble ancestor, barvy mého urozeného předka, Salazara Salazar Slytherin, will suffice everyone. Starosála, bude slušet všem. Že mám Won't they, Neville Longbottom?’ pravdu, Nevile?“ He pointed his wand at Neville, who Nevil ztuhl a znehybněl, když na něj grew rigid and still, then forced the hat Voldemort namířil hůlkou. Klobouk přistál onto Neville's head, so that it slipped down Nevilovi na hlavě s takovou razancí, že mu below his eyes. There were movements sklouzl i přes oči. Dav shromážděný před from the watching crowd in front of the hradem se pohnul a v ten okamžik všichni castle, and as one, the Death Eaters raised Smrtirádi současně pozdvihli hůlky, aby their wands, holding the fighters of Lučivalským zabránili v jakémkoli odporu. Hogwarts at bay. ‘Neville here is now going to „Tady Nevil nám názorně předvede, jak demonstrate what happens to anyone bude naloženo s každým hlupákem, který foolish enough to continue to oppose me,’ mi bude i nadále odporovat,“ pronesl said Voldemort, and with a flick of his Voldemort, mávl hůlkou a Klobouk wand, he caused the Sorting Hat to burst sounáležitosti zachvátily plameny. into flames. Screams split the dawn, and Neville Časným jitrem se rozlehly výkřiky. was a flame, rooted to the spot, unable to Nevil stál jako přimrazený, plameny ho move, and Harry could not bear it: He olizovaly, ale on se nemohl ani pohnout. must act – Harry to se na to nemohl dívat, musel jednat – And then many things happened at the A pak se stalo mnoho věcí najednou. same moment. They heard uproar from the distant Odkudsi ze vzdálených hranic školních boundary of the school as what sounded pozemků k nim dolehl hromový řev. Znělo like hundreds of people came swarming to, jako když se stovky lidí hrnou přes over the out–of–sight walls and pelted neviditelné zdi a s bojovým pokřikem se

20 toward the castle, uttering loud war cries. ženou se směrem k hradu. V ten samý At the same time, Grawp came lumbering moment se zpoza rohu vykolébal Křáp a around the side of the castle and yelled, zaryčel, „RRUDLL!“ Jeho výkřik ‘HAGGER!’ His cry was answered by opětovali Voldemortovi obři: vrhli se proti roars from Voldemort's giants: They ran at Křápovi jako stádo slonů a dunění země Grawp like bull elephants making the pod jejich nohama se podobalo earthquake. Then came hooves and the zemětřesení. Pak zařinčela kopyta a twangs of bows, and arrows were suddenly zadrnčely tětivy luků a mezi sešikované falling amongst the Death Eaters, who Smrtirády se snesla sprška šípů. Ti vyjekli broke ranks, shouting their surprise. Harry překvapením a v jejich řadách zavládl pulled the Invisibilty Cloak from inside his chaos. Harry vytáhl z pod hábitu Plášť robes, swung it over himself, and sprang to neviditelnosti, hodil jej přes sebe a his feet, as Neville moved too. vyskočil na nohy. Ve stejný moment se pohnul také Nevil. In one swift, fluid motion, Neville Jediným rychlým, plynulým pohybem broke free of the Body–Bind Curse upon se Nevil osvobodil ze Svazujícího kouzla, him; the flaming hat fell off him and he planoucí klobouk spadl z jeho hlavy a on drew from its depths something silver, z jeho útrob vytáhl cosi stříbřitého, with a glittering, rubied handle – s blyštivým, rubíny posázeným jílcem – The slash of the silver blade could not Přes ohlušující ryk přibližujícího se be heard over the roar of the oncoming davu, lomoz zápasících obrů či dusot crowd or the sounds of the clashing giants kentauřích kopyt, nemohl být svist or of the stampeding centaurs, and yet, it stříbrného ostří slyšet, a přesto se zdálo, že seemed to draw every eye. With a single na sebe strhl pozornost všech přítomných. stroke Neville sliced off the great snake's Jediným úderem uťal Nevil hlavu velkého head, which spun high into the air, hada; ta vyletěla vysoko do vzduchu a gleaming in the light flooding from the zaleskla se v záři světla proudícího entrance hall, and Voldemort's mouth was ze vstupní síně. Voldemortova ústa se open in a scream of fury that nobody could zkroutila do výkřiku, který nikdo nemohl hear, and the snake's body thudded to the slyšet a hadovo tělo se s dunivým ground at his feet– žuchnutím zhroutilo k jeho nohám – Hidden beneath the Invisibility Cloak, Harry, ukrytý pod Pláštěm Harry cast a Shield Charm between neviditelnosti, vyslal do prostoru mezi

21 Neville and Voldemort before the latter Voldemortem a Nevilem Kouzlo záštity could raise his wand. Then, over the dřív, než si stihl černokněžník připravit screams, and the roars, and the thunderous hůlku. A pak, ve změti jekotu, bojového stamps of the battling giants, Hagrid's yell ryk a hromového dusotu bojechtivých came loudest of all. obrů, jasně vynikl Rudolícův hlas. ‘HARRY!’ Hagrid shouted. ‘HARRY – „HARRY!“, zaburácel. „HARRY – WHERE’S HARRY?’ KDE JE HARRY?“ Chaos reigned. The charging centaurs Zavládl chaos. Střelba kentaurů were scattering the Death Eaters, everyone rozprášila řady Smrtirádů, kdekdo se was fleeing the giants’ stamping feet, and snažil utéct z dosahu hromového dusotu nearer and nearer thundered the obřích nohou a vzdálený hřmot spojenců, reinforcements that had come from who kteří se vzali neznámo odkud, se stále knew where; Harry saw great winged přibližoval. Harry sledoval, jak se na creatures soaring around the heads of Voldemortovy obry snášejí velcí okřídlení Voldemort’s giants, thestrals and tvorové a jak se jim testrálové spolu Buckbeak the hippogriff scratching at their s hypogrifem Hrdozobem snaží vyškrábat eyes while Grawp punched and pummeled oči, zatímco Křáp do nich zezdola buší them; and now the wizards, defenders of pěstmi hlava nehlava. Rázem byli všichni Hogwarts and Death Eaters alike were bez rozdílu nuceni ustupovat zpět do being forced back into the castle. Harry hradu; kouzelníci, lučivalští obránci i was shooting jinxes and curses at any Smrtirádi. Harry sesílal kletby na každého Death Eater he could see, and they Smrtiráda ve svém dosahu. Ti, které crumpled, not knowing what or who had zasáhl, se zhroutili k zemi bez hit them, and their bodies were trampled sebemenšího ponětí o tom, kdo na ně by the retreating crowd. zaútočil a jejich těla byla rozdupána prchajícím davem. Still hidden beneath the Invisibility Harry, i nadále ukrytý pod Pláštěm, byl Cloak, Harry was buffeted into the spolu s davem vržen do vstupní síně. Jeho entrance hall: He was searching for oči pátraly po Voldemortovi a nalezly ho Voldemort and saw him across the room, na druhé straně místnosti, kde metal kletby firing spells from his wand as he backed na všechny strany a stále štěkal rozkazy into the Great Hall, still screaming svým věrným, zatímco musel chtě nechtě instructions to his followers as he sent ustupovat do Velkého sálu. Harry

22 curses flying left and right; Harry cast vyčaroval další Kouzla záštity a more Shield Charms, and Voldemort’s Voldemortovy zamýšlené oběti, Seamus would–be victims, Seamus Finnigan and Finigan a Hana Abotová, se kolem něj Hannah Abbott, darted past him into the prosmýkli do Velké síně, kde se boj Great Hall, where they joined the fight rozpoutával nanovo. already flourishing inside it. And now there were more, even more A pak se objevili další a bylo jich čím people storming up the front steps, and dál víc, noví a noví lidé proudili vzhůru po Harry saw Charlie Weasley overtaking vstupním schodišti. Harry spatřil, jak Horace Slughorn, who was still wearing Charlie Kolčava předběhl Horáce Hýčkalu, his emeral pyjamas. They seemed to have oblečeného ještě v zelenkavém pyžamu. returned at the head of what looked like Zdálo se, že se vrátili v čele shromáždění the families and friends of every Hogwarts sestaveného z rodičů a přátel těch student who had remained to fight along lučivalských studentů, kteří se rozhodli with the shopkeepers and homeowners of zůstat a bojovat. Spolu s nimi tu byli i Hogsmeade. The centaurs Bane, Ronan kupci, kramáři a prostí lidé z Lučivísky. and Magorian burst into the Hall with a Kentauři Bane, Ronan a Magorian vtrhli great clatter of hooves, as behind Harry the do Sálu za ohlušujícího dusotu kopyt a door that led to the kitchens was blasted v ten samý moment se za Harryho zády off its hinges. rozlétly dveře do kuchyně a vyvrátily se z pantů. The house–elves of Hogwarts swarmed Do vstupní síně se s jekotem vyrojili into the entrance hall, screaming and lučivalští domácí skřítci. Oháněli se waving carving knives and cleaver, and at sekáčky a porcovacími noži a v jejich čele, their head, the locket of Regulus Black s medailonkem Reguluse Blacka kolem bouncing on his chest, was Kreacher, his krku, stál Skřehola a pobízel je nakřáplým bullfrog’s voice audible even above this hlasem, rozeznatelným i v okolní vřavě: din: ‘Fight! Fight! Fight for my Master, „Do boje! Do boje! Bojujte za mého pána, defender of house–elves! Fight the Dark ochránce domácích skřítků! Bojujte proti Lord, in the name of brave Regulus! Temnému pánovi ve jménu udatného Fight!’ Reguluse! Do boje!“ They were hacking and stabbing at the Skřítci sekali a bodali Smrtirády do ankles and shins of Death Eaters, their tiny holení a kotníků a jejich drobné tvářičky

23 faces alive with malice, and everywhere překypovaly zlobou. Všude, kam se Harry Harry looked Death Eaters were folding podíval, Smrtirádi couvali před zjevnou under sheer weight of numbers, overcome přesilou. Jedny přemohla vyslaná kletba, by spells, dragging arrows from wounds, jiní si vytahovali šípy z otevřených ran, stabbed in the leg by elves, or else simply další se poroučeli k zemi poté, co je bodl attempting to escape, but swallowed by the některý z domácích skřítků, nebo se jen oncoming horde. pokoušeli o útěk, ale proudící dav je pohltil. But it was not over yet: Harry sped Ještě ale nebylo po všem. Harry between duelers, past struggling prisoners, prosvištěl kolem duelantů i zápasících and into the Great Hall. zajatců a zamířil do Velkého sálu. Voldemort was in the center of the Voldemort stál v samém ohnisku bitvy battle, and he was striking and smiting all a z jeho hůlky sršely kletby na všechny within reach. Harry could not get a clear strany. Harry stále neměl prostor pro shot, but fought his way nearer, still přímý úder, ale probojoval se blíž, stále invisible, and the Great Hall became more očím neviditelný. Ve Velkém sále začínalo and more crowded as everyone who could být poněkud těsno, protože se tam snažil walk forced their way inside. vmáčknout každý, kdo se ještě držel na nohou. Harry saw Yaxley slammed to the floor Harry zahlédl, jak George a Lee Jordan by George and Lee Jordan, saw Dolohov smetli k zemi Yaxleyho, jak se Dolohov fall with a scream at Flitwick’s hands, saw pod Knotkovýma rukama s výkřikem Walden Macnair thrown across the room zhroutil k zemi, všiml si, jak Rudolíc by Hagrid, hit the stone wall opposite, and mrštil s Macnairem přes celou místnost a slide unconscious to the ground. He saw ten narazil do kamenné zdi na protější Ron and Neville bringing down Fenrir straně a sesul se k zemi v bezvědomí. Greyback, Aberforth Stunning Rookwood, Viděl, jak si Nevil a Ron poradili Arthur and Percy flooring Thicknesse, and s Fenrirem, jak Aberfort omráčil Švindlu a Lucius and Narcissa Malfoy running spatřil též Luciuse a Narcisu, kteří se ani through the crowd, not even attempting to nepokoušeli zapojit do okolní vřavy, jen se fight, screaming for their son. prodírali davem a nepřestávali vykřikovat synovo jméno. Voldemort was now dueling Voldemort nyní čelil třem protivníkům

24 McGonagall, Slughorn, and Kingsley all at najednou: Suchopýrové, Hýčkalovi a once, and there was a cold hatred in his Kingsleymu. V jeho tváři byla patrná face as they wove and ducked around him, chladná zášť, jak tak kolem něho unable to finish him – kličkovali a uskakovali, neschopní ho dorazit – Bellatrix was still fighting too, fifty Ani Belatrix se ještě nevzdávala; stála yards away from Voldemort, and like her na padesát metrů od Voldemorta a stejně master she dueled three at once: Hermione, jako její pán měla i ona co dočinění s třemi Ginny and Luna, all battling their hardest, protivníky: s Hermionou, Ginny a Lunou. but Bellatrix was equal to them, and Dívky ze sebe vydávaly maximum, ale Harry’s attention was diverted as a Killing Belatrix jim byla rovným soupeřem. Harry Curse shot so close to Ginny that she ztratil koncentraci, když zahlédl, jak missed death by an inch – Vražedná kletba prolétla jen pár centimetrů okolo Ginny a ona tak unikla smrti jen o vlásek – He changed course, running at Bellatrix Změnil proto směr a místo rather than Voldemort, but before he had k Voldemortovi se vrhl k Belatrix. Stačil gone a few steps he was knocked však urazit jen pár kroků, když ho kdosi sideways. smetl stranou. ‘NOT MY DAUGHTER, YOU „NESAHEJ NA MOJÍ DCERU, TY BITCH!’ ZRŮDO!“ Mrs. Weasley threw off her cloak as Paní Kolčavová ze sebe v běhu strhla she ran, freeing her arms, Bellatrix spun on plášť a osvobodila si tak ruce. Belatrix se the spot, roaring with laughter at the sight otočila na patě a při pohledu na nového of the new challenger. vyzyvatele zařvala smíchem. ‘OUT OF MY WAY!’ shouted Mrs. „JDĚTE MI Z CESTY!“, zaječela paní Weasley to the three girls, and with a Kolčavová na dívčí trojlístek a rázným simple swipe of her wand she began to mávnutím hůlky začala souboj. V Harrym duel. Harry watched with terror and elation se při tom pohledu mísila hrůza as Molly Weasley’s wand slashed and s očekáváním. Jak hůlka Molly Kolčavové twisted, and Bellatrix Lestrange’s smile rozčísla vzduch a začala kmitat v divokých faltered and became a snarl. Jets of light kličkách, úsměv na tváři Belatrix vybledl a flew from both wands, the floor around the z jejích úst se vydralo zavrčení. Z hůlek

25 witches’ feet became hot and cracked; obou čarodějek prýštily světelné paprsky a both woman were fighting to kill. půda pod jejich nohama se rozžhavila s popraskala. Obě ženy bojovaly na smrt. ‘No!’ Mrs. Weasley cried as a few „Ne!“ zařvala paní Kolčavová na students ran forward, trying to come to her několik studentů, kteří se jí rozběhli na aid. ‘Get back! Get back! She is mine!’ pomoc. „Držte se zpátky. Zpátky! Ta je moje!“ Hundreds of people now lined the Stovky lidí se nyní seskupily podél stěn walls, watching the two fights, Voldemort a sledovaly oba souboje: Voldemorta a and his three opponents, Bellatrix and jeho tři protivníky a Belatrix s Molly. A Molly, and Harry stood, invisible, torn Harry stál mezi nimi, neviditelný a between both, wanting to attack and yet to bezradný. Chtěl zaútočit a zároveň protect, unable to be sure that he would not ochránit své blízké, jenže si nebyl jistý, hit the innocent. jestli přitom nezraní nevinného. ‘What will happen to your children „Co si tvoje dětičky počnou, až tě when I’ve killed you?’ taunted Bellatrix, zabiju?“ dorážela Belatrix, nepříčetná as mad as her master, capering as Molly’s stejně jako její pán, a uskakovala, jak curses danced around her. ‘When kolem ní tančily Mollyiny kletby. „Až Mummy’s gone the same way as Freddie?’ maminka chcípne stejně jako Fredík?“

‘You – will – never – touch – our – „Na naše – děti – už nikdy – nevztáhneš children – again!’ screamed Mrs. Weasley. – ruku!“ vřískala paní Kolčavová. Bellatrix laughed the same exhilarated Belatrix se zachechtala stejným laugh her cousin Sirius had given as he potěšeným smíchem, jaký se kdysi ozval z toppled backward through the veil, and úst jejího bratrance Siriuse těsně předtím, suddenly Harry knew what was going to než propadl pozpátku skrz závoj. V tu happen before it did. chvíli bylo Harrymu jasné, co přijde; pochopil to dřív, než se to skutečně stalo. Molly’s curse soared beneath Mollyina kletba prolétla pod nataženou Bellatrix’s outstretched arm and hit her paží Belatrix a udeřila ji do hrudi přímo squarely in the chest, directly over her nad srdcem. heart. Bellatrix’s gloating smile froze, her Zlomyslný úsměv zamrzl Belatrix na

26 eyes seemed to bulge: for the tiniest space rtech a její oči se nepřirozeně vypoulily of time she knew what had happened, and ven. Na zlomek vteřiny pochopila, co se then she toppled, and the watching crowd stalo; pak se její tělo zvrátilo dozadu, dav roared, and Voldemort screamed. přihlížejících zaburácel a Voldemort zaječel. Harry felt as though he turned into slow Harry si připadal jako ve zpomaleném motion; he saw McGonagall, Kingsley and filmu. Pád posledního věrného služebníka Slughorn blasted backward, flailing and rozlítil Voldemorta k nepříčetnosti a Harry writhing through the air, as Voldemort’s viděl, jak profesorka Suchopýrová, fury at the fall of his last, best lieutenant Kingsley i Hýčkala prolétli vzduchem, exploded with the force of a bomb. když je černokněžník smetl stranou. Pak Voldemort raised his wand and directed it pozvedl hůlku proti Molly Kolčavové. at Molly Weasley. ‘Protego!’ roared Harry, and the Shield „Protego!“ zaburácel Harry a Kouzlo Charm expanded in the middle of the Hall, záštity proletělo středem Sálu. Když se and Voldemort stared around for the Voldemort zmateně rozhlédl kolem ve source as Harry pulled off the Invisibility snaze najít jeho zdroj, Harry ze sebe Cloak at last. konečně strhl Plášť neviditelnosti. The yell of shock, the cheers, the Výkřiky zděšení i radosti, zvolání screams on every side of: ‘Harry!’ ‘HE’S „Harry! ON ŽIJE!“, naráz odumřely. ALIVE!’ were stifled at once. The crowd Přihlížejícího davu se zmocnil strach a was afraid, and silence fell abruptly and kolem se rozhostilo absolutní ticho, completely as Voldemort and Harry jakmile si Harry a Voldemort pohlédli do looked at each other, and began, at the očí a v ten samý moment kolem sebe same moment, to circle each other. začali kroužit. ‘I don’t want anyone else to help,’ „Nechci aby mi kdokoliv z vás Harry said loudly, and in the total silence pomáhal“, pronesl Harry hlasitě a v tom his voice carried like a trumpet call. ‘It’s dokonalém tichu se zvuk jeho hlasu nesl got to be like this. It’s got to be me.’ jako volání trubky. „Musí to být takhle. Musím to být já.“ Voldemort hissed. Voldemort zasyčel. ‘Potter doesn’t mean that,’ he said, his „Potter žertuje,“ řekl, rudé oči doširoka red eyes wide. ‘This isn’t how he works, is otevřené. „Tohle přece není jeho styl.

27 it? Who are you going to use as a shield Koho použiješ jako ochranný štít tentokrát, today, Potter?’ Pottere? ‘Nobody,’ said Harry simply. ‘There „Nikoho“, odvětil Harry prostě. „Žádné are no more Horcruxes. It’s just you and další Primáry neexistují, jsme jen ty a já. me. Neither can live while the other Ani jeden nemůže žít, dokud ten druhý survives, and one of us is about to leave zůstává naživu a jeden z nás už to má for good…’ téměř spočítané… „ ‘One of us?’ jeered Voldemort, and his „Jeden z nás?“ ušklíbl se Voldemort. whole body was taut and his red eyes Jeho tělo bylo napjaté jako tětiva a strnulý stared, a snake that was about to strike. pohled rudých štěrbin připomínal hada ‘You think it will be you, do you, the boy připraveného k útoku. „Věříš snad, že who has survived by accident, and because vyhraješ? Chlapec, který zůstal náhodou Dumbledore was pulling the strings?’ naživu jen proto, že Bělocíp tahal za nitky?“ ‘Accident, was it, when my mother died „Byla to náhoda, když má matka to save me?’ asked Harry. They were still zemřela aby mě ochránila?“ nedal se moving sideways, both of them, in that zastrašit Harry. Oba dva kolem sebe perfect circle, maintaining the same nestále kroužili v dokonalém kruhu, distance from each other, and for Harry no zachovávajíce si od sebe stejnou face existed but Voldemort’s. ‘Accident, vzdálenost Pro Harryho v tu chvíli when I decided to fight in that graveyard? neexistovala jiná tvář než ta Accident, that I didn’t defend myself Voldemortova. „Náhoda, když jsem se tonight, and still survived, and returned to tehdy na hřbitově rozhodl bojovat? fight again?’ Náhoda, že jsem se dnes v noci nebránil, a přesto jsem přežil a vrátil se, abych znovu bojoval?“ ‘Accidents!’ screamed Voldemort, but „Náhody!“ zahřměl Voldemort, ale still he did not strike, and the watching neudeřil a přihlížející dav byl jako crowd was frozen as if Petrified, and of the zasažený znehybňujícím kouzlem. Zdálo hundreds in the Hall, nobody seemed to se, že kromě těch dvou v Sále nikdo breathe but them two. ‘Accident and nedýchá. „Náhody a vrtochy štěstěny a chance and the fact that you crouched and skutečnost, že ses krčil a fňukal za zády sniveled behind the skirts of greater men větších žen a mužů a dovolil jsi mi, abych

28 and women, and permitted me to kill them je kvůli tobě zabíjel!“ for you!’ ‘You won’t be killing anyone else „Dnes v noci už nikoho nezabiješ,“ tonight,’ said Harry as they circled, and ujistil ho Harry, zatímco stále kroužili stared into each other’s eyes, green into dokola, pohledy rudých a smaragdových red. ‘You won’t be able to kill any of them očí zaklesnuté do sebe. „Nebudeš už ever again. Don’t you get it? I was schopen nikoho zabít. Ještě ti to nedošlo? ready to die to stop you from hurting these Byl sem připraven zemřít, abych před people –’ tebou tyhle lidi ochránil–“ ‘But you did not!’ „Ale nezemřel jsi!“ ‘I meant to, and that’s what did it. I’ve „Chtěl jsem, a to stačilo. Udělal jsem done what my mother did. They’re to, co moje matka. Jsou před tebou protected from you. Haven’t you noticed chráněni. Nevšiml sis, že žádné z kouzel, how none of the spells you put on them are co jsi na ně seslal, nemá dlouhého trvání? binding? You can’t torture them. You Nemůžeš je mučit. Nemůžeš se jich can’t touch them. You don’t learn from dotknout. Ty si nebereš ponaučení ze your mistakes, Riddle, do you?’ svých chyb, že ne, Radle?“ ‘You dare –’ „Ty se opovažuješ –“ ‘Yes, I dare,’ said Harry. ‘I know things „Jo, opovažuju,“ přisvědčil Harry. you don’t know, Tom Riddle. I know lots „Znám věci, o nichž nemáš ani za mák of important things that you don’t. Want to tušení, Tomasi Radle. Vím o spoustě hear some, before you make another big důležitých věcí, o kterých se tobě ani mistake?’ nesnilo. Chceš si některé z nich poslechnout předtím, než uděláš další osudovou chybu?“ Voldemort did not speak, but prowled Voldemort neodpověděl, ale dál in a circle, and Harry knew that he kept opisoval kruh a Harry věděl, že se mu him temporarily mesmerized at bay, held podařilo na okamžik ho zaujmout, zadržet back by the faintest possibility that Harry tím nejmenším záchvěvem nejistoty; tím, might indeed know a final secret… že by snad Harry mohl vědět o jeho nejhlubším tajemství… ‘Is it love again?’ said Voldemort, his „Je to znovu láska?“ otázal se snake’s face jeering. ‘Dumbledore’s Voldemort, hadí tvář zkřivenou do

29 favorite solution, love , which he claimed úšklebku. „Bělocípovo oblíbené rozuzlení, conquered death, though love did not stop láska , o níž tvrdil, že dokáže přemoci smrt, him falling from the tower and breaking a která ho přesto nedokázala ochránit od like and old waxwork? Love , which did toho, aby se zřítil z věže a roztříštil se jako not prevent me stamping out your stará vosková figurína? Ani láska mi Mudblood mother like a cockroach, Potter nezabránila rozmáčknout tvou nečistou – and nobody seems to love you enough to matku jako švába! A vypadá to, Pottere, že run forward this time and take my curse. tentokrát tě nemá nikdo dost rád na to, aby So what will stop you dying now when I zkřížil cestu mé kletbě. Takže, co ti strike?’ zachrání život, až udeřím?“ ‘Just one thing,’ said Harry, and still „Jen jedna věc,“ řekl Harry, zatímco they circled each other, wrapped in each kolem sebe stále kroužili, pohrouženi other, held apart by nothing but the last jeden do druhého, drženi zpátky pouze secret. posledním tajemstvím. ‘If it is not love that will save you this „Pokud tě nemá zachránit láska, pak time,’ said Voldemort, ‘you must believe musíš věřit ve znalost silnější magie než je that you have magic that i do not, or else a ta má, nebo v silnější zbraň.“ weapon more powerful than mine?’ ‘I believe both,’ said Harry, and he saw „Věřím v oboje,“ odvětil Harry a všiml shock flit across the snakelike face, though si, jak přes hadí tvář přeběhl záchvěv šoku, it was instantly dispelled; Voldemort ale vzápětí zmizel; Voldemort se rozesmál began to laugh, and the sound was more a znělo to ještě hrůzostrašněji než jeho frightening than his screams; výhružky, byl to temný a pomatený smích humourless and insane, it echoed around a rozléhal se ztichlém Sále. the silent Hall. ‘You think you know more magic than „Myslíš, že ty ovládáš mocnější magii I do?’ he said. ‘Than I, than Lord než já?“ řekl. „Já, Lord Voldemort, který Voldemort, who has performed magic that si podmanil kouzla, o nichž se Bělocípovi Dumbledore himself never dreamed of?’ ani nesnilo?“ ‘Oh he dreamed of it,’ said Harry, ‘but „Ale ano, věděl o nich,“ odvětil Harry, he knew more than you, knew enough not „ale byl moudřejší než ty, dost moudrý na to do what you’ve done.’ to, aby nezpůsobil to co ty.“ ‘You mean he was weak!’ screamed „Chceš říct, že to byl slaboch!“ zavřískl

30 Voldemort. ‘Too weak to dare, too weak to Voldemort. „Příliš slabý na to, aby se take what might have been his, what will k něčemu rozhoupal, aby si vzal to, co be mine!’ mohlo být jeho a co teď bude moje!“ ‘No, he was cleverer than you,’ said „Ne, byl chytřejší než ty,“ opáčil Harry, Harry, ‘a better wizard, a better man.’ „by to lepší kouzelník, lepší člověk.“ ‘I brought about the death of Albus „Sprovodil jsem Blahuse Bělocípa ze Dumbledore!’ světa!“ ‘You thought you did,’ said Harry, ‘but „Byl jsi o tom přesvědčen,“ řekl Harry, you were wrong.’ „ale zmýlil ses.“ For the first time, the watching crowd Poprvé za celou dobu se přihlížející stirred as the hundreds of people around dav pohnul a stovky lidí nashromážděných the walls drew breath as one. kolem stěn se naráz nadechly jako jeden muž. ‘Dumbledore is dead!’ Voldemort „Bělocíp je mrtvý!“ vychrlil Voldemort hurled the words at Harry as though they ta slova na Harryho, jako by mu tím chtěl would cause him unendurable pain. ‘His způsobit nesnesitelnou bolest. „Jeho tělo body decays in the marble tomb in the hnije v mramorové hrobce na školních grounds of this castle, I have seen it, pozemcích, viděl jsem ho, Pottere, už se Potter, and he will not return!’ nevrátí!“ ‘Yes, Dumbledore is dead,’ said Harry „Ano, Bělocíp je mrtvý,“ odpověděl calmly, ‘but you didn’t have him killed. Harry klidně, „ale ty jsi ho nezabil. On He chose his own manner of dying, chose sám si zvolil způsob smrti dávno předtím it months before he died, arranged the než zemřel, zosnoval celou záležitost whole thing with the man you thought was s mužem, kterého jsi považoval za svého your servant.’ služebníka.“ ‘What childish dream is this?’ said „Co má znamenat zase tohle?“ štěkl Voldemort, but still he did not strike, and Voldemort, ale opět nezaútočil a his red eyes did not waver from Harry’s. nespouštěl z Harryho oči. ‘Severus Snape wasn’t yours,’ said „Severus Šleh nikdy nebyl na tvé Harry. ‘Snape was Dumbledore’s, straně,“ řekl Harry. „Stál při Bělocípovi. Dumbledore’s from the moment you Stál při něm od chvíle, kdy jsi začal slídit starting hunting down my mother. And za mojí matkou. A tobě to nikdy nedošlo, you never realized it, because of the thing protože nedokážeš pochopit jednu věc.

31 you can’t understand. You never saw Nikdy jsi neviděl Šlehova Patrona, že ne, Snape cast a Patronus, did you, Riddle?’ Radle?“ Voldemort did not answer. They Voldemort neodpověděl. Stále kolem continued to circle each other like wolves sebe kroužili jako dva vlci, připravení about to tear each other apart. jeden druhého roztrhat. ‘Snape’s Patronus was a doe,’ said „Jeho Patronem byla laň,“ pokračoval Harry, ‘the same as my mother’s, because Harry, „stejná, jako Patron mé matky, he loved her for nearly all of his life, from protože ji miloval téměř celý život, už od the time when they were children. You dětství. Měl sis spočítat, že jedna a jedna should have realized,’ he said as he saw jsou dvě,“ dodal, a Voldemortovi se Voldemort’s nostrils flare, ‘he asked you rozšířily nozdry, „požádal tě přece, abys to spare her life, didn’t he?’ ušetřil její život.“ ‘He desired her, that was all,’ sneered „Bažil po ní, nic víc,“ ušklíbl se Voldemort, ‘but when she had gone, he Voldemort, „a když byla mrtvá, dal mi za agreed that there were other women, and pravdu v tom, že po světě běhá spousta of purer blood, worthier of him –’ jiných žen s čistší krví, hodnějších jeho obdivu…“ ‘Of course he told you that,’ said Harry, „To dá rozum že ti řekl tohle,“ kývl ‘but he was Dumbledore’s spy from the Harry, „ale ve skutečnosti se stal moment you threatened her, and he’s been Bělocípovým špehem jakmile jsi ji začal working against you ever since! ohrožovat, a od té chvíle pro něj neustále Dumbledore was already dying when pracoval! Bělocíp už umíral, Šleh ho Snape finished him!’ jenom dorazil!“ ‘It matters not!’ shrieked Voldemort, „Vem to čert!“ vyjekl Voldemort, který who had followed every word with rapt visel očima na Harryho rtech, ale nyní se attention, but now let out a cackle of mad divoce zachichotal. „Je mi fuk jestli byl laughter. ‘It matters not whether Snape Šleh můj nebo Bělocípův, nebo snad jaké was mine or Dumbledore’s, or what petty malicherné překážky se mi snažil stavět do obstacles they tried to put in my path! I cesty! Rozmáčkl jsem ho stejně jako tvou crushed them as I crushed your mother, matku, jeho údajnou velkou lásku ! Jistě že Snape’s supposed great love ! Oh, but it all to všechno dává smysl, Pottere, ale makes sense, Potter, and in ways that you způsobem, který ty nechápeš!“ do not understand!

32 ‘Dumbledore was trying to keep the „Bělocíp se snažil udržet mě z dosahu Elder Wand from me! He intended that Prastaré hůlky! Chtěl, aby se jejím pánem Snape should be the true master of the stal Šleh! Ale já jsem byl rychlejší než ty, wand! But I got there ahead of you, little chlapečku, zmocnil jsem se první, boy – I reached the wand before you could pochopil jsem pravdu dávno před tebou! get your hands on it, I understood the truth Severuse Šleha jsem zabil před třemi before you caught up. I killed Severus hodinami a Prastará hůlka, Hůlka Zkázy, Snape three hours ago, and the Elder Hůlka osudu je jen moje! Bělocípův Wand, the Deathstick, the Wand of poslední plán vyhořel, Harry Pottere!“ Destiny is truly mine! Dumbledore’s last plan went wrong, Harry Potter!’ ‘Yeah, it did.’ said Harry. ‘You’re „Jo, nevyšlo to,“ přitakal Harry. „Máš right. But before you try to kill me, I’d pravdu. Ale ještě než se mě pokusíš zabít, advise you think what you’ve done … měl by ses zamyslet nad svými činy… Think, and try for some remorse, Riddle Přemýšlej a zkus trochu zpytovat svědomí, …’ Radle…“ ‘What is this?’ „Co jsi to řekl?“ Of all the things that Harry had said to Nic z toho, co od Harryho slyšel, žádné him, beyond any revelation or taunt, z odhalených tajemství ani posměšků, nothing had shocked Voldemort like this. Voldemorta tolik nešokovalo. Harry si Harry saw is pupils contract to thin slits, všiml, že se jeho zorničky zúžily do saw the skin around his eyes whiten. úzkých štěrbin a kůže kolem očí zbělela. ‘It’s your one last chance,’ said Harry, „Je to tvoje poslední příležitost,“ trval ‘it’s all you’ve got left … I’ve seen what na svém Harry, „nic víc ti nezbylo… viděl you’ll be otherwise…Be a man … try… jsem co se s tebou jinak stane… Tak se Try for some remorse …’ vzmuž, zkus to… Sáhni si do svědomí…“ ‘You dare —?’ said Voldemort again. „Ty si si troufáš – ?“ zopakoval Voldemort. ‘Yes, I dare,’ said Harry, ‘because „Přesně tak,“ přikývl Harry, „protože Dumbledore’s last plan hasn’t backfired on Bělocípův plán se neobrátil ani tak proti me at all. It’s backfired on you, Riddle.’ mně, jako spíš proti tobě, Radle.“ Voldemort’s hand was trembling on the Voldemortova ruka s Prastarou hůlkou Elder Wand, and Harry gripped Draco’s se chvěla. Harry stiskl tu Dracovu co

33 very tightly. The moment, he knew, was nejpevněji. Věděl, že do toho okamžiku seconds away. zbývají vteřiny. ‘That wand still isn’t working properly „Ta hůlka ti stále neslouží jak by měla, for you because you murdered the wrong protože jsi zavraždil nesprávného člověka. person. Severus Snape was never the true Severus Šleh nikdy nebyl skutečným master of the Elder Wand. He never pánem Prastaré hůlky. Nikdy totiž defeated Dumbledore.’ Bělocípa neporazil.“ ‘He killed —’ „Vždyť zabil –“ ‘Aren’t you listening? Snape never beat „Copak mě neposloucháš? Šleh ho Dumbledore! Dumbledore’s death was nikdy nepřemohl! Na Bělocípově smrti se planned between them! Dumbledore spolu dohodli! Měl v úmyslu zemřít intended to die, undefeated, the wand’s neporažený, a stát se tak posledním pánem last true master! If all had gone as planned, Hůlky. Kdyby šlo všechno podle plánu, the wand’s power would have died with moc hůlky by zemřela spolu s ním, protože him, because it had never been won from by nikdy nenašel přemožitele!“ him!’ ‘But then, Potter, Dumbledore as good „Jenže Bělocíp byl tak laskavý a tu as gave me the wand!’ Voldemort’s voice hůlku mi dal, Pottere!“ Voldemortův hlas shook with malicious pleasure. ‘I stole the se třásl zvráceným potěšením. „Ukradl wand from its last master’s tomb! I jsem Hůlku z hrobky jeho posledního removed it against the last master’s pána! Zmocnil jsem se jí proti jeho vůli! wishes! Its power is mine!’ Její mocí teď vládnu já!“ ‘You still don’t get it, Riddle, do you? „Stále ti to nedochází, že ne, Radle? Possessing the wand isn’t enough! Holding Nestačí hůlku vlastnit! To, že ji držíš a it, using it, doesn’t make it really yours. používáš, ještě neznamená, že je tvoje! Didn’t you listen to Ollivander? The wand Neposlouchal jsi, co říkal Olivandr? Hůlka chooses the wizard … The Elder Wand si vybírá kouzelníka … Prastará hůlka recognized a new master before rozpoznala nového pána ještě před Dumbledore died, someone who never Bělocípovou smrtí; někoho, kdo se jí nikdy even laid a hand on it. The new master nedotkl. Nový pán ji od Bělocípa získal removed the wand from Dumbledore proti jeho vůli, aniž by si kdy uvědomil against his will, never realizing exactly dosah svého činu nebo to, že mu u nohou what he had done, or that the world’s most leží nejhrozivější hůlka světa …“

34 dangerous wand had given him its allegiance…’ Voldemort’s chest rose and fell rapidly, Voldemortova hruď se prudce zdvíhala and Harry could feel the curse coming, a klesala a Harry cítil, jak se kletba blíží, feel it building inside the wand pointed at sbírá se uvnitř hůlky namířené do jeho his face. tváře. ‘The true master of the Elder Wand was „Pravým pánem Prastaré hůlky byl Draco Malfoy.’ Draco Lichovír.“ Blank shock showed in Voldemort’s Přes Voldemortovu tvář přeběhl face for a moment, but then it was gone. záchvěv šoku, ale v mžiku byl ten tam. ‘But what does it matter?’ he said „Co na tom záleží?“ řekl měkce. „I softly. ‘Even if you are right, Potter, it kdybys měl pravdu, Pottere, mezi námi se makes no difference to you and me. You tím nic nemění. Tentokrát se neschováš za no longer have the phoenix wand: We duel kouzlo z fénixovy hůlky, utkáme se pouze on skill alone…and after I have killed you, na základě skutečných schopností… a až I can attend to Draco Malfoy…’ tě zabiju, najdu si Draca Lichovíra…“ ‘But you’re too late,’ said Harry. „Na to už je příliš pozdě,“ namítl ‘You’ve missed your chance. I got there Harry. „Propásl jsi svou příležitost, dostal first. I overpowered Draco weeks ago. I jsem se k němu první. Odzbrojil jsem took his wand from him.’ Draca před několika týdny a vzal si jeho hůlku.“ Harry twitched the hawthorn wand, and Harryho ruka s hůlkou sebou škubla a he felt the eyes of everyone in the Hall on na sobě cítil upřené pohledy všech upon it. v Sále. ‘So it all comes down to this, doesn’t „Takže jsme na to konečně kápli, co?“ it?’ whispered Harry. ‘Does the wand in zašeptal Harry. „Ví hůlka v tvé ruce o tom, your hand know its last master was že její poslední pán byl odzbrojen? Protože Disarmed? Because if it does…I am the pokud ano… pak pravým pánem Prastaré true master of the Elder Wand.’ hůlky jsem já.“ A red–glow burst suddenly across the Náhle se za nejbližším oknem vyhoupl enchanted sky above them as an edge of srpek oslňujícího slunce a vyslal napříč dazzling sun appeared over the sill of the začarovaným nebem nad jejich hlavami nearest window. The light hit both of their rudý paprsek. Světlo je oba naráz udeřilo

35 faces at the same time, so that Voldemort’s do tváří a tu Voldemortovu proměnilo v was suddenly a flaming blur. Harry heard planoucí skvrnu. Harry slyšel zavřísknutí the high voice shriek as he too yelled his vysokého hlasu ve chvíli, kdy sám best hope to the heavens, pointing Draco’s zaburácel vzhůru k nebesům všechny své wand: naděje, Dracovu hůlku napřaženou: ‘Avada Kedavra!’ „Avada Kedavra!“ ‘Expelliarmus!’ „Expelliarmus!“ The bang was like a cannon blast, and Ozvala ohlušující rána a mezi nimi, the golden flames that erupted between v mrtvém bodě kruhu který oba opisovali, them, at the dead center of the circle they na místě, kde se kouzla střetla, vytryskly had been treading, marked the point where zlaté plameny. Harry spatřil, jak se rudý the spells collided. Harry saw Voldemort’s paprsek z jeho hůlky setkal green jet meet his own spell, saw the Elder s Voldemortovým zeleným, viděl Wand fly high, dark against the sunrise, Prastarou hůlku letět vzduchem, temnou spinning across the enchanted ceiling like na pozadí vycházejícího slunce, zmítající the head of Nagini, spinning through the se pod očarovaným stropem jako hlava air toward the master it would not kill, Naginiho. Řítila se neškodně vzduchem who had come to take full possession of it vstříc svému pánovi, který se konečně at last. And Harry, with the unerring skill chystal stát jejím definitivním vlastníkem. of the Seeker, caught the wand in his free A Harry ji s neomylnou přesností Pátrače hand as Voldemort fell backward, arms zachytil volnou rukou ve chvíli, kdy splayed, the slit pupils of the scarlet eyes Voldemort padl nazad s rozhozenýma rolling upward. Tom Riddle hit the floor rukama, štěrbiny rudých očí obrácené with a mundane finality, his body feeble vzhůru. Tělo Tomase Radla se skácelo and shrunken, the white hands empty, the k zemi, slabé a scvrklé, bílé ruce prázdné, snakelike face vacant and unknowing. hadí tvář bezduchá a nepřítomná. Voldemort was dead, killed by his own Voldemort byl mrtev, zabit vlastní rebounding curse, and Harry stood with odraženou kletbou a Harry tam stál s two wands in his hand, staring down at his oběma hůlkami v rukou a zíral na nehybné enemy’s shell. tělo svého nepřítele. One shivering second of silence, the V jedné ochromující vteřině se shock of the moment suspended: and then přihlížející vzpamatovávali ze šoku a pak the tumult broke around Harry as the vypukli v nadšený jásot. Prostor se zaplnil

36 screams and the cheers and the roars of the radostným povykem a rozjařenými watchers rent the air. The fierce new sun výkřiky, a okenní tabulky se už zalévaly dazzled the windows as they thundered oslňujícím slunečním svitem, když se toward him, and the first to reach him were k němu všichni vrhli. První ruce, které ho Ron and Hermione, and it was their arms objaly a první nesrozumitelné výkřiky, that were wrapped around him, their které ho skoro připravily o sluch, patřily incomprehensible shouts that deafened Ronovi a Hermioně. K nim se připojila him. Then Ginny, Neville, and Luna were Ginny, Nevil, Luna, celá rodina there, and then all the Weasleys and Kolčavových a Rudolíc, Kingsley a Hagrid, and Kingsley and McGonagall and Suchopýrová, Knotek a Kořánová, ale Flitwick and Sprout, and Harry could not Harry nerozuměl ničemu z toho, co na něj hear a word that anyone was shouting, nor křičí, nedokázal rozpoznat čí ruce ho tell whose hands were seizing him, pulling svírají, přitahují k sobě, snaží se ho him, trying to hug some part of him, obejmout. Kolem něj se shromáždily hundreds of them pressing in, all of them stovky lidí a každý se chtěl alespoň determined to touch the Boy Who Lived, dotknout Chlapce, který přežil; toho, kdo the reason it was over at last – se vším nadobro skoncoval –

They moved Voldemort’s body and laid Voldemortovo tělo odnesli do místnosti it in a chamber off the Hall, away form the mimo Velký sál, pryč od těl Freda, bodies of Fred, Tonks, Lupin, Colin Tonksové, Vlčana, Colina Čilky a padesáti Creevey, and fifty others who had died dalších, kteří v boji s ním padli. fighting him. McGonagall had replaced the Suchopýrová vrátila zpět kolejní stoly, ale House tables, but nobody was sitting nikdo už neseděl na svých obvyklých according to House anymore: All were místech. Studenti a jejich profesoři, jumbled together, teachers and pupils, duchové, kentauři i domácí skřítci, ti ghosts and parents, centaurs and house– všichni byli pomícháni dohromady. V rohu elves, and Firenze lay recovering in the se zotavoval Firenc, a skrz rozbité okno corner, and Grawp peered in through a dovnitř nakukoval Křáp a lidé mu házeli smashed window, and people were jídlo do rozesmátých úst. Po chvíli si throwing food into his laughing mouth. vyčerpaný a k smrti unavený Harry After a while, exhausted and drained, uvědomil, že sedí na lavičce vedle Luny. Harry found himself sitting on a bench

37 beside Luna. ‘I’d want some peace and quiet, if it „Chtěla bych, aby mě všichni nechali were me,’ she said. na pokoji, kdybych byla ve tvé kůži,“ prohodila. ‘I’d love some,’ he replied. „Po ničem tak netoužím,“ přikývl. ‘I’ll distract them all,’ she said. ‘Use „Odvedu jejich pozornost,“ navrhla. your cloak.’ „Použij svůj plášť.“ And before he could say a word, she A než se vzmohl na slovo, ukázala had cried, ‘Oooh, look, a Blibbering z okna a vykřikla, „Jé, podívejte, to je Humdinger!’ and pointed out the window. Blekotavý Frikulín!“ Všichni, kdo to Everyone who heard looked around, and zaslechli, se rozhlédli kolem a Harry Harry slid the Cloak up over himself, and vklouzl pod plášť a vyskočil na nohy. got to his feet. Now he could move through the Hall Teď se mohl Sálem pohybovat without interference. He spotted Ginny nerušeně. O dva stoly dál zahlédl Ginny; two tables away; she was sitting with her opírala si hlavu o matčino rameno. head on her mother’s shoulder: There Promluví si s ní později, bude na to mít would be time to talk later, hours and days moře času, celé hodiny, dny, možná i roky. and maybe years in which to talk. He saw Pak se jeho oči se zastavily na Nevilovi. Neville, the sword of Gryffindor lying Cherubínský meč měl položený vedle beside his plate as he ate, surrounded by a talíře, z něhož jedl, a kolem něj se kupili knot of fervent admirers. Along the aisle zanícení obdivovatelé. Jak tak procházel between the tables he walked, and he uličkou mezi stoly, všiml si rovněž trojice spotted the three Malfoys, huddled Lichovírových. Choulili se jeden together as though unsure whether or not k druhému, jako kdyby si nebyli úplně they were supposed to be there, but jistí, jestli sem patří, ale nikdo se o ně nobody was paying them any attention. nestaral. Všude, kam se podíval, se rodiny Everywhere he looked, he saw families vítaly se svými ztracenými blízkými. Pak reunited, and finally, he saw the two jeho oči konečně našly ty, po jejichž whose company he craved most. společnosti toužil nejvíc. ‘It’s me,’ he muttered, crouching down „To jsem já,“ zamumlal a dřepl si mezi between them. ‘Will you come with me?’ ně. „Půjdete se mnou?“ They stood up at once, and together he, Harry, Ron a Hermiona se společně

38 Ron and Hermione left the Great Hall. zvedli a opustili Velký sál. Stoupali po Great chunks were missing from the mramorovém schodišti, v němž chyběly marble staircase, part of the balustrade velké kusy kamene. Také zábradlí bylo na gone, and rubble and bloodstains occurred mnoha místech zurážené. Podlaha byla ever few steps as their climbed. poseta troskami a skvrnami od krve. Somewhere in the distance they could Kdesi v dálce slyšeli Poťoucha. hear Peeves zooming through the corridors Proháněl se chodbami a skřehotal píseň na singing a victory song of his own oslavu vítězství, očividně výplod jeho composition: vlastní fantazie: We did it, we bashed them, wee Potter’s Juchů, je to v suchu, náš Pottřík je nej, the one, páč Voldy natáh faldy a nám začíná rej! And Voldy’s gone moldy, so now let’s have fun! ‘Really gives a feeling for the scope „Ten to ale vystihl co, jak tragičnost té and tragedy of the thing, doesn’t it?’ said události, tak i její dosah,“ zavtipkoval Ron, Ron, pushing open a door to let Harry and strčil do dveří a nechal Harryho a Hermione through. Hermionu projít. Happiness would come, Harry though, Harry věděl, že bude líp, ale zrovna teď but at the moment it was muffled by ho prostupovalo naprosté vyčerpání a snad exhaustion, and the pain of losing Fred and na každém kroku ho znovu a znovu Lupin and Tonks pierced him like a ochromovala doslova fyzická bolest ze physical wound every few steps. Most of ztráty Freda, Vlčana a Tonksové. Nejvíc all he felt the most stupendous relief, and a ze všeho však pociťoval nepopsatelnou longing to sleep. But first he owed an úlevu a potřeboval se pořádně vyspat. Ale explanation to Ron and Hermione, who ještě předtím dlužil Ronovi a Hermioně had stuck with him for so long, and who vysvětlení, protože oni při něm stáli až do deserved the truth. Painstakingly he konce a zasloužili si znát pravdu. Vylíčil recounted what he had seem in the jim proto dopodrobna vše, co viděl Pensieve and what had happened in the v Zádumisce a poté i události v lese. forest, and they had not even begun to Nestačili se tomu všemu ani pořádně express all their shock and amazement, podivit, když dosáhli cíle své cesty, when at last they arrived at the place to ačkoliv nikdo z nich ho předtím nevyslovil which they had been walking, though none nahlas. of them had mentioned their destination.

39 Since he had last seen it, the gargoyle Kamennou obludu střežící vchod do guarding the entrance to the headmaster’s ředitelovy pracovny někdo od Harryho study had been knocked aside; it stood poslední návštěvy odstrčil stranou. Trochu lopsided, looking a little punch–drunk, and se nakláněla na stranu a vypadala Harry wondered whether it would be able dezorientovaně. Harryho napadlo, jestli to distinguish passwords anymore. bude ještě schopna rozeznávat přístupová hesla. ‘Can we go up?’ he asked the gargoyle. „Můžeme jít nahoru?“ otázal se jí. ‘Feel free,’ groaned the statue. „Poslužte si,“ zanaříkala socha. They clambered over him and onto the Přelezli přes ni a vstoupili na točité spiral stone staircase that moved slowly kamenné schodiště, které se jako výtah upward like an escalator. Harry pushed pomalu ploužilo vzhůru. Když dorazili open the door at the top. nahoru, Harry otevřel dveře. He had one, brief glimpse of the stone Stačil zaregistrovat pouze to, že Pensieve on the desk where he had left it, kamenná Zádumiska leží na stole přesně and then an earsplitting noise made him tak, jak ji tam nechal, načež se prostorem cry out, thinking of curses and returning rozlehl uširvoucí rámus. Harry sebou trhl a Death Eaters and the rebirth of Voldemort okamžitě pomyslel na kletby, návrat – Smrtirádů a znovuzrození Voldemorta – But it was applause. All around the Ale nebylo to nic jiného než potlesk. Ze walls, the headmasters and headmistresses všech stěn mu ředitelé a ředitelky Lučivalu of Hogwarts were giving him a standing tleskali ve stoje, mávali klobouky nebo ovation; they waved their hats and in some alespoň parukami, natahovali se z rámů a cases their wigs, they reached through potřásali si rukama. Ti, kteří byli their frames to grip each other’s hands; vyobrazeni na židlích a křeslech, křepčili they danced up and down on their chairs in alespoň v nich. Dilys Derventová which they have been painted: Dilys nezakrytě popotahovala, Dexter Fortescue Derwent sobbed unashamedly; Dexter mával naslouchátkem a Fíneas Nigelus Fortescue was waving his ear–trumpet; vykřikoval vysokým, břitkým hlasem: and Phineas Niggelus called, in his high, „Nechť je pečlivě zaznamenáno, že i reedy voice, ‘And let it be noted that Starosál přispěl svou troškou do mlýna! Slytherin House played its part! Let our Nechť naše zásluhy nejsou nikdy contribution not be forgotten!’ zapomenuty!“

40 But Harry had eyes only for the man Ale Harryho oči se upíraly pouze who stood in the largest portrait directly k jedinému muži. Ten stál v největším behind the headmaster’s chair. Tears were obraze přímo za ředitelským křeslem a sliding down from behind the half–moon z jeho očí, ukrytých za brýlemi ve tvaru spectacles into the long silver beard, and půlměsíce, prýštily slzy a koulely se dolů the pride and the gratitude emanating from do dlouhého stříbřitého plnovousu. him filled Harry with the same balm as Vyzařovala z něj hrdost a vděčnost, a to phoenix song. naplňovalo Harryho stejnou blažeností, jako zpěv fénixe. At last, Harry held up his hands, and Nakonec Harry pozvedl ruce a lidé the portraits fell respectfully silent, v rámech poslušně umlkli, nadále se však beaming and mopping their eyes and zářivě se usmívali, stírali si slzy z očí a waiting eagerly for him to speak. He nedočkavě očekávali jeho slova. Ta však directed his words at Dumbledore, patřila jen Bělocípovi a Harry je vybíral however, and chose them with enormous s velkou pečlivostí. I když byl vyčerpaný a care. Exhausted and bleary–eyed though oči se mu samy zavíraly, musel vynaložit he was, he must make one last effort, poslední zbytky sil a naposledy se o něčem seeking one last piece of advice. poradit. ‘The thing that was hidden in the „Ten předmět ukrytý ve Svistulce,“ Snitch,’ he began, ‘I dropped it in the začal, „upustil jsem ho někde v lese. forest. I don’t know exactly here, but I’m Nevím přesně kde, ale nechystám se ho jít not going to go looking for it again. Do hledat. Souhlasíte?“ you agree?’ ‘My dear boy, I do,’ said Dumbledore, „Ale ovšemže, můj drahý chlapče,“ while his fellow pictures looked confused odvětil Bělocíp a ostatní ředitelé a and curious. ‘A wise and courageous ředitelky se zatvářili zmateně i zvědavě decision, but no less than I would have zároveň. „Učinil jsi moudré a odvážné expected of you. Does anyone know else rozhodnutí, ale u tebe mě to nepřekvapuje. know where it fell?’ Zná snad někdo další to místo, kde leží?“ ‘No one,’ said Harry, and Dumbledore „Ne, nikdo,“ zavrtěl Harry hlavou a nodded his satisfaction. Bělocíp spokojeně přikývl. ‘I’m going to keep Ignotus’s present, „Ale Ignotův dárek hodlám nechat,“ though,’ said Harry, and Dumbledore pokračoval Harry a Bělocíp se zeširoka

41 beamed. usmál. ‘But of course, Harry, it is yours „Ale beze všeho, Harry, bude tvůj do té forever, until you pass it on!’ doby, než se rozhodneš předat ho dál!“ ‘And then there’s this.’ „A pak je tu ještě tohle.“ Harry held up the Elder Wand, and Ron Harry pozvedl Prastarou hůlku a Ron and Hermione looked at it with a reverence s Hermionou na něj pohlédli s takovou that, even in his befuddled and sleep– vážností, která se mu ani v současném deprived state, Harry did not like to see. stavu omámení a nevyspalosti nezamlouvala. ‘I don’t want it,’ said Harry. „Nestojím o ni,“ prohlásil Harry. ‘What?’ said Ron loudly. ‘Are you „Cože?“ vykřikl Ron hlasitě. mental?’ „Přeskočilo ti?“ ‘I know it’s powerful,’ said Harry „Vím, že je mocná,“ pokračoval Harry wearily. ‘But I was happier with mine. So . unaveně. „Ale ta moje se mi zamlouvala . .’ mnohem víc, takže – “ He rummaged in the pouch hung Zašmátral ve váčku na krku a vytáhl around his neck, and pulled out the two z něj obě poloviny cesmínové hůlky, halves of holly still, just, connected by the spojené pouze tenoučkým vláknem finest thread of phoenix feather. Hermione fénixova pera. Podle Hermiony se nedala had said that they could not be repaired, opravit, byla příliš poskozená. Bezpečně that the damage was too severe. All he věděl, že jestli nepomůže tohle, pak už nic. knew was that if this did not work, nothing would. He laid the broken wand upon the Položil zlomenou hůlku na ředitelský headmaster’s desk, touched it with the stůl, přiložil k ní špičku Prastaré Hůlky a very tip of the Elder Wand, and said, pronesl: „Reparo.“ ‘Reparo .’ As his wand resealed, red sparks flew Hůlka se zacelila, z její špičky vylétla out of its end. Harry knew that he had sprška rudých jisker a Harry věděl, že succeeded. He picked up the holly and uspěl. Uchopil cesmínovou hůlku s jádrem phoenix wand and felt a sudden warmth in fénixe do prstů a pocítil v nich náhlé teplo, his fingers, as though wand and hand were jako by se hůlka radovala z opětovného rejoicing at their reunion. shledání s jeho rukou.

42 ‘I’m putting the Elder Wand,’ he told „Vrátím Prastarou hůlku tam,“ začal Dumbledore, who was watching him with směrem k Bělocípovi, který ho pozoroval enormous affection and admiration, ‘back s nezměrným zalíbením a obdivem, where it came from. It can stay there. If I „odkud se vzala. Ať si tam zůstane. Jestli die a natural death like Ignotus, its power zemřu přirozenou smrtí jako Ignotus, will be broken, won’t it? The previous pozbude svou moc, je to tak? Její předešlý master will never have been defeated. pán nebude nikdy přemožen a to bude That’ll be the end of it. ’ znamenat její konec.“ Dumbledore nodded. They smiled at Bělocíp přikývl a opětoval Harryho each other. úsměv. ‘Are you sure?’ said Ron. There was „Víš to jistě?“ dorážel Ron. Hleděl na the faintest trace of longing in his voice as Prastarou hůlku a v jeho hlase zazníval he looked at the Elder Wand. nepatrný stín touhy. ‘I think Harry’s right,’ said Hermione „Myslím, že Harry dělá dobře,“ quietly. poznamenala Hermiona tiše. ‘That wand’s more trouble than it’s „Ta hůlka nestojí za všechny ty worth,’ said Harry. ‘And quite honestly,’ problémy s ní spojené,“ namítl Harry. „A he turned away from the painted portraits, myslím,“ odvrátil se od portrétů a thinking now only of the four–poster bed soustředil se už jen na svou postel s nebesy lying waiting for him in Gryffindor Tower, v Cherubínské věži, a napadlo ho, jestli by and wondering whether Kreacher might mu tam Skřehola třeba nepřinesl něco k bring him a sandwich there, ‘I’ve had snědku, „že problémů jsem si v životě užil enough trouble for a lifetime.’ už víc než dost.“

43 3. THEORETICAL PART

3. 1. The translation of proper names – introduction Generally speaking, there are almost no firm rules concerning the translation of proper names. The only advice given to any translator is to judge each case individually, with regard to surrounding factors such as context, the role of the proper name in it, the literary genre of the book, or the target group of its readers. Nevertheless, at least one general rule can be formulated. Proper names in many literary genres carry no connotative meaning, and they are simply transcribed from the source text into the target text. Thereby no change in the structure of the name is made, and its national character is preserved (Newmark: 215). At the same time, Newmark admits the presence of connotative proper names in imaginative literature; especially in children stories, fairy tales or allegories, where the name itself gives us immediate information about its bearer (e.g. charactonyms like Little Red Riding Hood → Červená karkulka. ) Despite the fact that the Harry Potter series is nowadays read across generations, it was originally written for children, and as such is also very rich in connotative proper names. To be precise, here the additional meaning not only puts the finishing touch on the general atmosphere of the book, but it can also play a decisive role in the story. Therefore, any omission of that meaning leads to the depreciation of the translation and the reader is subsequently deprived of the possibility to enjoy the story properly. As it has been shown, the adequate translation of proper names in the Harry Potter series is truly of great importance. However, is it even possible to translate such a specific set of various names, and depict this unique world of characters to the Czech reader? Let me try to provide a satisfying answer.

3. 2. Linguistic and cultural background On the whole, every translation is a sort of compromise between the language and cultural background of both the target and source texts. The more they differentiate, the more complicated it is for the translator to work with them. The difference between Czech and English from the linguistic typology point of view is undeniable. While English is an example of analytic language, where grammatical and syntactic relations are expressed by function words and a fixed word

44 order, Czech as a synthetic language uses inflection, i. e. declension and conjugation (www.knowledgerush.com). In fact, namely the inflection affects the translation of proper names from an analytic into a synthetic language. It not usually enough to translate the name, it should be also transformed in order to sound as natural as possible. As a result, the reader of the target text should notice neither the differences in the structure of both languages, nor the fact that the proper name is of a foreign origin. Therefore, English names are Czechisized and forced to conform to the rules of inflection. As an example, let me mention the common Czech ending –ová , which is added to many English female surnames, e.g. Hermiona Granger → Hermiona Grangerová .

The dissimilarities in the structure of both languages are certainly significant, however, the cultural background is equally important. There is no doubt that the Harry Potter series was originally written for English readers, and therefore all the names were created with respect to the specific features of English culture. Nevertheless, the books were soon translated into 67 languages, and translators from all over the world suddenly had to deal with a large number of various proper names, placenames, puns and anagrams. Some of them coped with the task in a creative and original way (for instance our Czech translator Pavel Medek), but most of them simply transcribed the name without the slightest effort to preserve its connotative meaning. However, such an approach is definitely wrong. Let me cite Véronica Albin, a translator and lecturer from Texas, who wrote that, “if a translator wants his target language text to be accepted and understood by its readers, he must behave in accordance with what is expected and meaningful in the target culture.” (www.accurapid.com) But will the translation be accepted and understood by its readers if it is full of foreign proper names? Is such a name able to tell the reader anything about its bearer? Since we have emphasized the role of the connotative proper names in the Harry Potter world, does it make any sense to throw the extra meaning away? Obviously, a bare transcription of a name is not sufficient. A good translator is supposed to search for suitable equivalents and analogies, always with respect to the potential of the target language and culture. He must also realize that the point is not in the exact interpretation of the source text ideas. Both the translation and the original should first and foremost provide an equivalent effect on its readers (Newmark: 48).

45 3. 3. General and specific values of the translation It would be great if every translation was able to give the reader the same values as the original. To evoke the same atmosphere, to provide the same reader´s experience. Regrettably, in case both the source and target texts are too dissimilar, some of the values are sure to be lost. What can the translator do about it? Levý puts forward the following theory. According to him, every source text consists of general and specific values. In case the translation is not able to transfer them all, it must be decided, which of them are worth preserving: general or specific ones? The decision should be always made according to the translator´s conception of the text. Levý emphasizes that the conception should be unified and unchangeable during the whole process of translation. The translator should always choose his priorities at the very beginning and conform every step of his work to them. (Levý 1958: 30). Consequently, he can provide free or literal translation. Levý believes that focusing on general values leads to the free translation, while the preservation of specific details is typical for the literal translation (Levý 1958: 35). Let us assume that there is an acceptable way of translating some of the proper names in Harry Potter books. But what about the names without clear connotative meaning or etymology? Should we leave them unchanged and thereby disrupt the compactness of the text? Moreover, some of the proper names are determined to retain their English form, for they are considered to be a kind of a trademark (that is why Harry Potter will never become Jindřich Hrnčíř.) Levý admits that there is no universal rule telling us what to translate and what to preserve. The decision must be always made with regard to the particular situation and context, and sometimes even the best solution is only a compromise. (Levý 1983: 95)

As has been shown, the translation of the text like the one we have chosen will never be able to do justice to the original, for even the best translator will not be able to overcome linguistic and cultural differences between the languages completely. The goal I have set in the present thesis is to translate as many proper names as possible, even those that were left unchanged in the official Czech translation. I am aware of the fact that this effort may end up in a total disaster, nevertheless, it is worth trying.

46 3. 4. General strategies for the translation of proper names Knittlová classifies proper names as a part of lexical equivalence, strictly speaking as zero equivalents. Having no parallel counterpart in the target language, they are usually transcribed or adapted on various levels of the target language (phonology, spelling etc.), e.g. Buscephalus → Bucefalus. Another possibility the translator is given is to create a calque, where the grammatical structure of the target text expression follows the grammatical structure of the source text expression, and the translation is then literal (Knittlová 8485), e. g. sky craper → mrakodrap. Levý, on the other hand, offers a more complex point of view. According to his theory, a name can be translated only if it carries a lexical meaning. We have already mentioned that examples of such names can be found in allegories, fairy tales, or in commedia de´ll arte, e.g. Dottore → Doktor. In case the lexical meaning of a name is recognizable, but its character and form are dependent on the source language, it is possible to substitute it with an analogy from the target language, as in Mr. Ford and Mr. Page → Vodička a Hošek (both examples taken from Levý 1983: 116). Finally, in agreement with Knittlová, Levý also points out that in case no meaning of the name is evident, only transcription can be used (e.g. place names: Chicago, San Francisco ). On the top of that, a proper name can be completely omitted or, vice versa, inserted in the target text, irrespective of the existence of a corresponding name in the source text. It should be also added that no enumeration of translating strategies is definitive or obligatory. There are always exceptions and alternatives, all depending on the particular situation.

47 4. THE ANALYSIS OF PROPER NAMES

4.1. The title of the book

Since the alternative name of the book is Harry Potter and the Relics of Death , there is probably no better translation that the one provided in the official Czech version. Therefore, the title Harry Potter a relikvie smrti is used in the present thesis as well. The only change was made in the capitalization of the word Smrt , because the author thinks about the Death as about a person, and not about a death in general.

4. 2. Personal names As has been shown, not all the names in the text can be translated. In case the name carries no lexical meaning, or the meaning has no connection to the story, only transcription can be used. Since our translation is supposed to sound as Czech as possible, many names are Czechisized, and their structure is simplified. Naturally, there should be reasonable limits to what to transform and what to preserve; although such limits appear to be very fragile and debatable. The unchanged names, or names with only a slight modification, are not listed in the following analysis. However, some of the unchanged names appear to have an interesting etymology with the clear reference to the story, and therefore a certain attention is paid to them.

•The Potter Family According to Rowling, the surname of the main character has no specific meaning; the inspiration came from the name of her neighbours. As we have noted before, the name of the main character should not be changed, because it is considered to be a kind of trademark, a symbol of the book series.

•The Weasley Family The structure of the name strongly resembles an anagram of the word weasel , which denotes a small, wild animal with reddishbrown fur. The colour is particularly important for our translation, because all the members of the Weasley family are known for their red hair and freckles. When browsing the Rowling´s official site, the author came across a note that confirms the connection between the forenamed animal and the

48 name of the family (www.jkrowling.com). As for the Czech translation, it was chosen very spontaneously. It refers to the most widespread weasel in Europe, Least Weasel , in our country known as Lasice kolčava . Once noticed, the name was sure to be used.

•Hermiona Granger → Hermiona Grangerová According to HP Lexicon, Hermione is named after one character in Shakespeare´s play "Winter's Tale". Accidentally, there are also two actresses with the same name who played witches in various TV series or movies. (www.hplexicon.org). However, the name is left unchanged, for no connection with the Harry Potter story is evident. This is an example of a Czechisized name, where the inflection is expressed via the ending –a in the first name, and –ová in the family name.

•The Malfoy Family This surname is claimed to be invented (www.accioquote.org). Still, it is noteworthy that a certain resemblance can be found in two French words mal – which means bad and foi – faith. In the book the Malfoys served the dark side for a long time. Only in the very end they changed their minds, understanding that their faith in evil was a wrong choice. This interpretation is debatable, but the author has decided to use it and created the surname Lichovír , which appears to be a modification of two Czech words lichý (špatný) and víra.

•Neville Longbottom → Nevil Škobrta The character is generally described as a kind, but slowwitted and heavyhanded boy. Since the combination of the words long and bottom definitely indicates his clumsiness and slow thinking, there is no doubt that the name is connotative and should be translated. On the other hand, the character should not be assessed so easily, because he proves himself a hero at the end of the book. When translating the name, the author tried to combine the two counterparts of his personality, but it turned out to be next to impossible. Therefore, the name Škobrta stands for negative features only. Being derived from the Czech verb škobrtat, that is klopýtat, zakopávat , the name is supposed to express the very clumsiness and awkwardness of its bearer. As for the first name, it was adopted on the level of spelling.

49 •Luna Lovegood → Luna Dobrotková Luna is a quiet, isolated girl, very different from the others. For her strange opinions and bizzare claims about wizardry students often make fun of her. In accordance with The Akashic Record, her oddness is hidden in the first name, for Luna has a linguistic connection to lunatic , alias crazy or mad . Nevertheless, she acts very friendly toward those who are nice to her. As long as this quality of her personality is emphasized, her surname can be easily divided into two English words, love and good and consequently transformed into Czech surname Dobrotková (www.m5p.com).

•Colin Creevey → Colin Čilka The name Colin might have not been chosen accidentally. It is “an Anglicized form of the Gaelic name Cailean or Coileain , meaning whelp , cub , or young pup ” (www.etymonline.com). There is definitely a connection between the origin of the name and its bearer, since he appears to be young and tiny. However, the Czech translation is based on the meaning hidden in his surname, because the word creeve means to burst , and it may refer to Colin´s permanent excitement and enthusiasm. This fact brought the author to several Czech synonyms, for instance dychtivý, nedočkavý, horlivý, and also čilý. Finally, the latter alternative was used, and in order to emphasize the tiny figure of the character, the diminutive suffix –ka was added.

•Vincent Crabbe and Gregory Goyle → Vincent Krab a Řehoř Škarpa Draco Malfoy´s companions. Being aware of the two main features of their characteristics, namely strenght and stupidity, it was not difficult to create Czech parallels. The word crabbed is an informal expression for a badtempered or unpleasant person. It can also make the reader think of a crab as an animal, since the character walks in the same waddling manner as the animal does. Although both interpretations are somehow related to the character, only the latter was used, and the name was transcribed simply adopted on the level of phonology. As for the etymology of the name Goyle , it may refer to “a deep trench or ravine” (www.m5p.com). As long as the meaning is not interpreted literally, it could be easily used as a metaphor for the low intelligence of its bearer. When searching for an appropriate Czech expression, the author chanced upon many interesting equivalents from informal language, and the chosen name Škarpa appears to be one of them.

50 Consequently, the Czech translation of the name Gregory was used only because it makes the whole name sound better.

•Albus Dumbledore → Blahus Bělocíp The origin of the first name clearly refers to the Latin word albus – bílý. With regard to the fact that the character epitomizes goodness and wisdom, the author used the Czech equivalent blaho (dobro), and at the same time preserved the Latin ending –us, in order to express the teacher´s wisdom and nobility. Although there is a widely known origin of the surname – an origin connected with an old English word for bumblebee, suggesting the character´s fondness of music and his peculiar humming – an alternative meaning can be found as well. The author was not able to access the primary source of the following information; however, it appears to be too interesting to be thrown away. In compliance with the Harry Potter Lexicon, the word dumbledore refers to a style of a hat, which was popular in London in the 1880s1890s (www.hplex.info). Consequently, the name Albus Dumbledore would gain the meaning White Hat , and the Czech parallel of it is then Bělocíp (where the word cíp refers to a pointed hat the wizards often wear).

•Minerva McGonagall → Minerva Suchopýrová The author of the book is believed to name the character after the Scottish poet Sir William Topaz. It is noticeable that the origins of both names apparently contradict each other: Minerva as a Roman goddess of wisdom on one hand, and a man who is said to be the Scotland´s worst poet ever on the other hand (www.hplexicon.org). Since the surname carries no lexical meaning, it was translated with reference to the characteristics of its bearer. Minerva is known as a strict, but fairminded teacher, who seldom expresses her inner emotions. Therefore, at first sight she can look like a pedantic, boring, and embittered person, which made the author think of the name Suchopýrová .

•Severus Snape → Severus Šleh The first name originated from a Latin word severitas, which is an expression for strictness and rigor. Since the character is widely known as a severe and stern teacher, there was no need to change the first name. Similarly, the verb snape is a synonym for reproaching, criticizing, or ignoring , or it may refer to the permanent sarcasm in the

51 teacher´s voice. All together, the name calls up an idea of someone unpleasant and rigorous, and the pronunciation of the Czech name is supposed to evoke that feeling of rigor and harshness.

•Filius Flitwick → Fílius Knotek A short and tiny professor. Whereas the first name was only Czechisized, the second is based on the literal translation of the word wick – knot and it is also diminutived in order to express his small stature.

•Pomona Sprout → Pomona Kořánová Since the word sprout (výhonek, šlahoun ) directly refers to the teacher´s passion for herbology, the name can be treated as a charactonym and it´s translation is recommended. The invented name is derived from the Czech word kořání , which in a certain way corresponds to the forenamed meaning of the word.

•Horace Slughhorn → Horác Hýčkala As long as the name itself appears to have no connection with the book, the Czech parallel reflects the character´s description instead. It is based on the verb hýčkat, for the teacher is known as an epicurean who lives a life in luxury, loves good food and fine wine, and is always perfectly dressed. In other words, he is pampering himself.

•Rubeus Hagrid → Rubeus Rudolíc A gamekeeper and caretaker in Hogwarts, who is said to be a heavy drinker. His name is a Latin expression for red colour, and since the character is often depicted as a huge man with red cheeks, it made the author think of the Czech name Rudolíc . (www.hplexicon.org)

•Godric Gryffindor → Chrabrik Cherubín Let me comment on the surname first. It is undeniable that it´s grammatical structure refers to the word gryffin or gryphon, an expression for a creature from Greek mythology, depicted as a bird with the body of a lion and the head and wings of an eagle. Interestingly, lion is also a symbol of the House. However, OED offers an alternative interpretation of the name, based on a Hebrew expression for winged angel – kerubh (www.etymonline.com), which has it´s equivalent

52 in the English word cherub. Moreover, the Czech name Cherubín appears to have another connection to the House, since it´s representative colours are gold and red, and the Czech word obviously contains the word rubín – ruby – red. It is noticeable that all four founders of the school have the same initials. In order to preserve this feature, the author changed also the first name. It is based on the word chrabrý , for the members of the House are known for their courage and valour, and it´s phonological structure was conformed to the structure of the original.

•Salazar Slytherin → Salazar Starosál Salazar is probably another founder of Hogwarts, namely the founder of Slytherin House. The name appears to have no lexical meaning; however, we can apply the fact that the symbol of the Slytherin House is a snake, and it´s students are famous for their slyness and cunning behaviour. And what is more, we can use the meaning hidden in the first name. Salazar is a name of Spanish origin, comprising of the Romance word sala – hall and a Basque zahar – old (www.surnames.behindthename.com). This origin is applicable for several reasons. Firstly, the school is said to have an old, secret chamber (eventually a hall), that was built by Salazar. Secondly, the chamber is believed to conceal a mythical creature called basilisk or the King of Serpents and snake has always been a symbol of Slytherin House. Therefore, both the word old and hall were translated literally. On the top of that, the pronunciation of the resulting name should evoke the sound of a snake´s hiss.

•Sirius Black, Regulus Black Two brothers with a noteworthy etymology of their names. Although the following fact is probably irrelevant to the book, Regulus and Sirius are the names of bright stars in the night sky. The former can be found in the constellation Leo, the latter in the Canis Major constellation. The Sirius star is also called the Dog star. Interestingly, the character is known for his ability of turning himself into a big black dog (www.hplex.info).

•Remus Lupin → Remus Vlčan A perfect example of a charactonym. Apparently, both names are associated with the fact that the character is a werewolf. Lupin is a modification of the English word lupine

53 – vlčí , and Remus is a famous character from Roman legends, the one who was raised by a shewolf.

•Kingsley Shacklebolt → Kingsley Bleskobij In accordance with OED, the surname can be interpreted as a “bolt which passes through the eyes of a shackle” (www.etymonline.com). Since the character is described as a fast and skilful fighter, it was easy to use the combination of words blesk and bít. The first name, on the other hand, does not seem to be linked with the story, and it is only transcribed.

•Voldemort → Voldemort The most significant feature of the name is definitely the word mort, a French expression for death . Similarities can be found in Spanish (muerte ) or Portuguese (morte ). The point is that the character is known for his phobic fear of death, and a permanent lust for immortality. Even this idea is reflected in the name, for it basically consists of three French words: vol – flight, de – from and mort – death , alias an escape or flee from death. In other words, the name of the most powerful and fearsome wizard was chosen very concisely and there is no need to translate it.

•Tom Marvolo Riddle → Tomas Levilordo Radl Voldemort´s birth name, and an important acronym at the same time. The hidden collocation I am Lord Voldemort was simply replaced by the Czech analogy Alias Lord Voldemort.

•Death Eater → Smrtirád A witch or wizard, loyal to the Dark Lord, fighting for him and obeying his commands. The author did not translate the name literally, since he considers it to be a metaphor. Death Eaters do not really eat death. They are dependent on it, they love killing people, they are predetermined to killing. Therefore, the verb mít rád is more suitable than jíst.

•Augustus Rookwood → August Švindl One of the Death Eaters, and therefore a negative character. There are several interpretations of the word rook , and one of them refers to the person who cheats, especially at dice or cards. The Czech equivalent was taken from informal language.

54 •Pius Thicknesse → Pius Boula Another example of a negative character, whose characteristics is also hidden in the surname. Similarly, another informal expression was used, because the word thick is a slang expression for stupid.

•Fenrir Greyback → Fenrir Šedohrb This is another example of a connotative proper name. The name Fenrir occurs in Norse mythology, where it stands for a huge, terrifying and sanguine wolf, and likewise is described also the character in the book. (www.pantheon.org). The Czech parallel was created in accordance with the English structure of the name.

4. 3. Animal names •Nagini → Nagini Let me comment on the declension of this name, for it appears to be debatable. As long as the name refers to a huge snake, we have the tendency to decline it as a male name. Nevertheless, there is a Sanskrit word naga, which stands for a divine creature in a form of a huge serpent, and nagini is actually its female form (www.wikipedia.org). All the same, in order not to make the translation confusing, the male declension of the name is used throughout the whole text.

•Fang → Pazour A dog´s name. Its lexical meaning enables several possibilities of translation, and the chosen word pazour is one of them.

•Grawp → Křáp A giant. Since no meaningful origin of the name can be tracked down, the phonological transcription was used. In consequence, the pronunciation of the word Křáp is supposed to have an effect that in a certain way corresponds to the way the creature moves and talks.

•Buckbeak → Hrdozob A hippogriff, alias a mythical creature with the body of a horse, and the head and wings of an eagle. The name is comprised of two independent lexical units, both of

55 which can be translated easily. The word buck can be interpreted as “an impetuous, dashing, or spirited man or youth“ (www.dictionary.reference.com), and the Czech adjective hrdý was used in order to express the creature´s selfconfidence, nobleness, and also its ferocity and power. The word beak (zobák ), clearly refers to the eagle nose.

•Kreacher → Skřehola A houseelf with a croaky voice. Seeing that the name carries no lexical meaning, it has been simply adopted on the level of phonology. As a result, the pronunciation of the word Skřehola should evoke the sound of the creature´s voice.

•Blibbering Humdinger → Blekotavý Frikulín This name stands for a creature that does not exist. As for the first part, it appears to be a pure nonsense. Nevertheless, the phonological structure of the word blibber strongly resembles Czech verbs breptat, brblat, or blekotat and so one of them was used. On the contrary, the word humdinger is a slang expression for anything superior and breathtaking (www.etymonline.com). Therefore, it was substituted with a similar slang expression in Czech (a word that originated from three English words free, cool, in ).

•Dementor → Dušisaj Dementors are considered to be one of the most dangerous creatures in the wizarding world, for they feed on positive human emotions, especially on happiness and pleasant memories. On the top of that, they can suck out your soul and leave you empty and incapable of thinking till the end of your life, and this ability of theirs was used for the Czech equivalent.

•Peeves → Poťouch A vicious and malevolent being, a literal equivalent of chaos and disorder. Wandering through corridors, he is making fun of anyone he runs into. Also the verb peeve is a synonym to annoy, enrage . Similarly, the Czech name is based on the adjectives poťouchlý, zlomyslný.

56 4. 4. Place names

•Hogwarts → Lučival

•Hogsmeade → Lučivíska

The school building on one hand, and a small village near the school on the other hand. Apparently, the structure of both place names appears to have a common segment. When translating these names, the author decided to use the same idea; however, the common part of both words does not correspond to the one in the original. The word hog was rejected, because it is considered to be too negative to be used in the context of our translation. What does the noble school of wizardry have in common with a pig or warts? And what about the picturesque village, where sweetshops can be found at every corner? By comparison, the word mead is definitely much more applicable. As an archaic or poetic expression for a meadow, it was replaced by the Czech equivalent lučina , and subsequently combined with the descriptive nouns val (as a reference to the fact that the school is basically described as a castle or rampart), and víska (as a diminutive form of the word vesnice ) (www.etymonline.com).

4. 5. Artifacts The following names are written in capitalized form. According to the rules of Czech grammar, this could be considered as a mistake. However, the author thinks about the objects as about magical artifacts, objects that are more animated than inanimate. When described like this, the items appear to resemble real characters, and that is why their names should be capitalized.

•Pensieve → Zádumiska A shallow bowl, made of stone, which treasures up human memories. The name is a pun, for it appears to be comprised of the words: pensive – zamyšlený, zadumaný , and sieve – síto . Therefore, the author tried to invent the same kind of pun in the target language, and put together a modified, literal translation of both words.

57 •Snitch – Svistulka The name refers to a small, golden ball, which is used in a certain type of students´ game. Since the name itself carries no lexical meaning, the Czech parallel was invented on the basis of its characteristics. Being aware of the fact that the ball is able to fly, and that it moves very quickly and swiftly, the Czech synonyms svist or svištět were used, and the diminutive suffix –ka was added.

•Horcruxy → Primáry The word crux is related with anything important or difficult. Considering the fact that the name stands for magical objects that play a crucial role in the story, we can definitely use the forenamed meaning. Therefore, the Czech translation is built on the word primární , i.e. zásadní, důležitý .

58 4. CONCLUSION In my bachelor thesis I have set a very challenging goal: the translation and analysis of selected proper names from the unique world of Harry Potter books. I was aware of the fact that I may have a hard time doing so, but I hoped that the theoretical works written by Levý, Knittlová or Newmark will provide me with all the necessary information, and give me satisfying answers to my questions. However, having found that there are almost no universal rules for the translation of proper names, I could only hope that my imagination is inventive enough to cope with such task honourably. I have stated that I would like to translate even those names that were left unchanged in the official Czech version, for I am convinced they carry a certain meaning, important for the story. Besides, the book is still considered to be a part of Children´s literature, and as such it should be comprehensible for it´s readers. Since many of them are clearly connotative, or they appear to be more like comic puns and plays on words, why not to translate them? On the whole, the translation of chosen proper names was very demanding. Initially, I have decided to translate as many names as possible, and at least Czechisize those without lexical meaning. However, I realized that I my idea of unified Czech translation will never come true, since the cultural and linguistic differences between both texts are too significant to be overcome successfully. Nevertheless, I must admit I found the translation of proper names very interesting work. I was pleased by the fact that most of the names have an interesting etymology, which helped me a lot during the translation process. In fact, the origin of some names turned out to be really elaborated, and often connected for instance with King Arthur´s legends or Roman emperors. Regrettably, it was beyond the scope of this thesis to provide such details. In conclusion, I am not able to say whether the names I have invented would eventually be accepted by the readers of the book, since we are all very influenced by the official Czech translation. I definitely did not intend to criticise the version provided by Pavel Medek, I have just tried to offer my personal point of view on the world of Harry Potter characters.

59 5. RESUMÉ

This bachelor thesis deals with the translation and analysis of an excerpt from the book Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows by Joanne K. Rowling. It comprises two parts – theoretical and practical. The practical part provides the original English text in comparison with the individual translation of the author. The theoretical part is focused on the analysis of proper names that occurred in the practical part. After a short introduction the author comments on problems connected with the translation of proper names, and he also outlines general strategies for their translation. The following part deals with the analysis of particular names. The author provides basic information about each name, comments on it´s etymology, and explains the method that helped him to find the Czech equivalent.

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá překladem a analýzou vybraného úryvku z knihy Harry Potter a relikvie Smrti autora Joanne K. Rowlingové. Je rozdělena na dvě části – praktickou a teoretickou. V praktické části lze najít samotný anglický text originálu ve srovnání s překladem autora. Teoretická část je zaměřena na překlad vlastních jmen, které se v textu objevily. V úvodu autor předkládá základní postupy využívané pro překlad vlastních jmen, v další části se pak zabývá jejich konkrétní analýzou. Ke každému jménu autor uvádí základní informace, pozastavuje se u jeho původu a zdůvodňuje svůj postup při vytváření českého ekvivalentu.

60 6. WORKS CITED

6. 1. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1. Knittlová, Dagmar. K teorii i praxi překladu . Olomouc: Univerzita Palackého v Olomouci, 2003 2. Levý, Jiří. Umění překladu. Praha: Panorama, 1983

3. Levý, Jiří. Úvod do teorie překladu. Praha: Státní pedagogické nakladatelství, 1958

4. Newmark, Peter. A textbook on translation. New York: Prentice Hall, 1988

5. Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows. London: Bloomsbury, 2007

6. Rowling, J. K. Harry Potter a relikvie smrti. Trans. Pavel Medek. Praha: Albatros, 2008 7. Fraser, Lindsey. Conversations with J.K. Rowling. New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 2001

6. 2. WEB SOURCES

8. “Some Random Facts About The Weasley Family.” J. K. Rowling Official Site . 28 March 2009

9. Bunker, Lisa W. “Hermione Jean Granger.” 6 October, 2007. The Harry Potter Lexicon. 5 March 2009

10. Lydon, Christopher. “J.K Rowling interview transcript, The Connection (WBUR Radio).“ 12 October, 1999. Accio Quote. 5 March 2009 < http://www.accioquote.org/articles/1999/1099connectiontransc2.htm>

11. Mitchell, Petréa. The Akashic Record: L . 5 March 2009

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12. Harper, Douglas. “Colin.” Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001. 14 March 2009

13. Mitchell, Petréa. The Akashic Record. 14 March 2009

14. Bunker, Lisa W. “Albus Percival Wulfric Brian Dumbledore: Data.” 6 October, 2007. The Harry Potter Lexicon. 14 March 2009

15. Linsenmayer, Penny, and Worley, Michele L. “The Muggle Encyclopedia.“ 4 September 2007. The Harry Potter Lexicon . 5 April 2009

16. Mitchell, Petréa. The Akashic Record: G. 14 March 2009

17. Harper, Douglas. “griffin, gryphon.” Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001. 5 April 2009

18. Bunker, Lisa W. “Sirius Black.” 8 October, 2007. The Harry Potter Lexicon. 5 April 2009

19. Harper, Douglas. “shacklebolt.“ Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001 14 March 2009

20. Lindemans, Micha F. “Fenrir.“ 30 August 2002. Encyclopedia Mythica. 22 March 2009

62 21. “ Nāga.“ 19 April 2009. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. 12 April 2009

22. “buck.“ Dictionary.com. 12 April 2009 < http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/buck >

23. Harper, Douglas. “humdinger.“ Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001. 12 April 2009

24. Harper, Douglas. “mead.“ Online Etymology Dictionary. November 2001

25. Bunker, Lisa W. “Rubeus Hagrid.” 5 January 2008. The Harry Potter Lexicon . 5 April 2009 < http://www.hplexicon.org/wizards/hagrid.html>

26. “Spanish Names.“ Behind the Name. 5 April 2009

27. “Synthetic Language.“ Knowledgerush. 16 March 2009

28. “Analytic Language.“ Knowledgerush. 16 March 2009

29. Albin, Véronica. “What´s in a Name.“ 18 September 2003. Translation Journal. 10 March 2009

63 6. 3. DICTIONARIES 30. Fronek, Josef. Velký anglickočeský, českoanglický slovník . Voznice : Leda, 2007.

31. Hornby, A. Sydney. Oxford advanced learner's dictionary. 7th ed . Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2005.

32. Online Etymology Dictionary.

33. Online slovníky WinGED.

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