ANNUAL REPORTS

.The Houorary Auditor's Fioaucial Report December 31, 1982 and 1981 We have examined the statements .of assets and liabilities of the Siam Society (Under Royal Patronage) as at December 31, 1982 and 1981 and the related statements of revenues and expenditures for the years then ended. Our examinations were made in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards and, accordingly, included such tests of the accounting records and such other auditing procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. The accounts of the Society are maintained and the accompanying financial statemetlts have been prepared on the cash basis, with adjustments to give effect to unsold publications, dues collected in advance and inclusion of provision for deprecia­ tion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, on the basis described in the preceding paragraph, the assets and liabilities of the Siam Society (Under Royal Patronage) at Dece~ber 31, 1982 and 1981 and its revenues and expendi­ tures for the years then ended, applied on a consistent basis.

YUKTA NA THALANG C.P.A. (THAILAND) Registration No. 1

March 18, 1983 THE s:IAM SOCIETY STATEMENTS OF ASSETS AND LIABILITIES AS AT DECEl\HBER 31, 1982 AND 1981

ASSETS LIABILITY AND FUNDS ':\ In Baht In Baht I982 198I 1982 1981 CURRENT LIABILITY CURRENT ASSETS Dues collected in advance 50,237 49,365 Cash on hand and in banks 301,161 168,35:1 FUNDS Temporary investments 6,573,199 5,778,98(i Endowment fund: Publications for sale 350,190 386,17:' Thai Government 2,000,000 2,000,000 Other current asset 48,000 48,00(~ Members' contribution 323,396 323,396 Total Current Assets 7,272,550 6,363,511! Life membership fund 987,373 915,923 Kamthieng Memorial fund 166,131 63,519 PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT-At Revolving fund 101,675 101,675 cost or assigned value less Notes on Custom of Cambodia's fund 100,000 accumulated depreciation (Note 1) Edwin F. Stanton fund 47,834 51,063 Land 1 ]. ,. Carlsb!'rg Foundation fund 10,205 10,205 Buildings 3 :' Mr. E.G. Groarke fund 9,400 Furniture, fixtures and office Staff welfare fund (Note 2) 44,435 equipment 862,973 906,9l'j Friends of Society fund 4,000 4,000 Transportation equipment 2,084 4,168 3,750,014 3,514,216 Total 865,061 911,089,: Accumulated excess of revenues over expenditures Balance, beginning of year 3,711,024 3,341,901 Excess of revenues over expenditures for the year 626,336 369,123 Balance, end of year · 4,337,360 3,711,024 Total Funds 8,087,374 7,225,Z40

TOTAL ASSETS 8,137,611 7,274,605 TOTAL LIABILITY AND FUNDS 8,137,611 7,274,605

See accompanying jf\lote to Financial Statements. (With Mr. Yukta na T~ang's report dated March 18, 1983) THE SIAM SOCIETY . STATEMENTS OF REVENUES AND EX.. ENDITURES FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 1982 AND 1981

In Baht 1982 1981 REVENUES Interest income 1,135,291 893,444 Members' dues and fees 657,357 471,425 . Sales of publications 233,290 243,621 Donation from H.R.H. Princess Marayart Diskul 3,000 Others-net 441,900 398,885 Total Revenues 2,467,838 2,010,375 EXPBNDJTURES Salaries and bonuses 430,381 410,198 Travel and transportation 352,925 320,749 Cost of publications 244,666 282,102 . Provident funds (Note 2) 197,234 27,290 Electricity and water 134,219 133,651 Depreciation 125,127 138,423 Postage, telephone and telegram 82,749 67,300 Dues and subscriptions 79,342 74,256 Repairs and maintenance 54,726 29,266 Stationery and printing 47,352 71,020 Representation and entertainment 19,562 24,669 Staff. welfare 9,338 9,590 Insurance 9,844 7,732 Miscellaneous 54,037 45,006 Total Expenditures 1,841,502 1,641,252 EXCESS OF REVENUES OVER EXPENDITURES 626,336 369,123

See accompanying Note to Financial Statements. (With Mr. Yukta na Thalang's report dated March 18, 1983) THE SIAM SOCIETY NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS DECEMBER 31, 1982 AND 1981

L PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT The Society has adopted the practice of recording donated properties at nominal values. . Because of the nature of the Society's activities, it has not put emphasis on establishing the current values of these properties. In the past, the Society had obtained a valuation for its land which was quoted at Baht 7.2 million. Furniture, fixtures and office equipment are being depreciated by the. declining balance method; whereby the depreciation rate of 10%-20% are being applied on the net book value at the beginning of each year, while the transportation equipment is depreciated by the straight-line method of five years. Depreciation expense amounted to Baht 125,127 in 1982 and Baht 138,423 in 1981. 2. PROVIDENT FUND The Society established a funded providen~ fund covering all full-time emplo­ yees. Contributions to.the fund by both members and the Society are based "on 5% of the employees' basic salaries. Benefits as defined in the plan, are payable upon retirement, death or separation from the Society. The provident fund expenses .during the years are composed of:

In Baht 1982 1981 Retroactive adjustment for provident fund expenses for periods prior to January 1, 1981 211,206 Current year's contribution 30,409 27,290 Amount reversed from staff welfare fund (44,435) 197,234 27,290 Minutes of the Annual General Meeting of the Siam Society, Under Royal Patronage 131 Soi Asoke, Sukhumvit Road, Bangkok Thursday, 25 March 1982

The Annual General Meeting terminating the Council year 1981/82 was held on Thursday, 25 March 1982 at the Society's Home, and commenced at 8.00 p.m. The meeting was attended by 61 members. The following members of the outgoing Council were present. President M.R. Patanachai Jayant Vice-President Dr. Tem Smitinand Vice-President Mr. Vivadh na Pombejra Vice-President Mr. Sirichai Narumit Honorary Treasurer Mrs. Katherine Buri Honorary Editor Dr. Tej Bunnag Honorary Secretary Dr. Chitriya Tingsabadh Mr. Francis W.C. Martin Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac Mr. Dacre Raikes Mrs. Sonia Krug Mrs. Virginia M. Di Crocco Dr. Warren Y, Brockelman Dr. Piriya Krairiksh Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa Dr. Thosaporn Wongratana

1. Adoption of the Min~tes of the last Annual General Meeting held on Thursday, 26 M~rch 1981. No comments were raised and the Minutes were adopted as presented. · 2. . Presentation of the Annual Report for the Council year 1980/81. No questions as comments were raised and the Annual Report was adopted as presented. 3. Presentation of the Financial Statement for 1980/81. Mrs. Katherine Buri, the Honorary Treasurer, presented the Financial State­ ment for 1981 and called members' attention to the cost of electricity and which had doubled within one year. Further, another 166,835 baht had to be subtracted for the staff Welfare Fund and the Society also owed 31,564 baht to the author of Yao Design for the publication of a new edition.

267 268 Annual Repor~s

A question was raised by Mr. F;G. Groarke who asked that the matter be recorded. He recalled that he had offered a sum of Baht 10,000 to the Society as a contribution to give assistance to Thai students wishing to join the Society. The offer was still open. Mr. Buayporn explained that the matter was raised over a telephone call and there was no letter to confirm the offer. Mr. Groarke said he would confirm his offer in writing. With these comments, the Financial Statement was adopted as presented . .. ,,.· ·., 4. Election of tbe Honorary Auditor for 1982. The outgoing Council proposed the re-election of Mr .. Yukta na Thalang as Honorary Auditor. Mr. Yukta na Thalang was re-elected Honorary Auditor. 5. Election of Correspondiug Members. The outgoing Council proposed the election of Professor Yoneo Ishii and Herr Volkmar von Zuelhsdorff as Corresponding Membel'S. Prof. Ishii and Herr Volkmar von Zuelhsdorff were elected Corresponding Members. 6. Election of Council for 1982/83. a. M.R: Patanachai Jayant was re-elected President. b. Dr. Tem Smitinand, Mr. Vivadh na Pombejra and Mr. Sirichai Narumit were re~elected Vice-Presidents. c. Mrs. Nongyao Narumit was elected Honorary Secretary. d. Mrs. Katherine Buri was re-elected Honorary Treasurer. e. Dr. Chitriya Tingsabadh was elected Honorary Librarian. f. Dr. Tej Bunnag was re-elected Honorary Editor. g. Office of "Leader of the Natural History Section" was filled ex-officio by Dr. Tem Smitinand. . Council members seeking re-election and members proposed as Council Members were introduced. h. The following were re-elected Ordinary Members of Council: Dr. Warren Y. Brockelman Mr. Christopher J.A. Chubb Mrs. Virginia M. Di Crocco Dr. Piriya Krairiksh Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac Mr. Dacre F.A. Raikes Mr. William Sage Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa Dr. Thosaporn Wongratana Annual Reports ~69

The following were elected Ordinary Members of Council: Dr. Richard Engelhardt Mrs. Hillary Feddersen Mr. Saido Ikeya Mr. Wilhelm Mayer H.E. Mr. William F.M. Schmidt Mr. Rolf E. Von Bueren 7. Any other business. a. Mr. Francis W.C. Martin read the Council's recommended change to Rule 9. "9. The Annual Subscription for Ordinary Members shall be 800 baht". There was a discussion during which Dr. Tej Bunnag pointed out that the financial position of the Society had been far from satisfactory in 1981 and had in fact been in difficulties for a number of years. A revisio~ was made in 1981 to retain the Baht 500 fee for Ordinary Members while Ordinary Members who would like to subscribe to the Journal and the Natural HistOry Bulletin would pay 300 baht and 100 baht extra respectively. However, it was difficult to make distinctions between non­ subscribing an4 .subscribing members and the costs of printing and postage had been increasing rapidly. The Society hoped that members would support the change back to one subscription rate. The ame~dment to the Rules of the Siam· Society was adopted as recommended by the outgoing Council.

* * * * * * After the formal business of the Annual General Meeting, Dr. Prawes Wasi, Magsaysay Award winner for Public Service for 1981, gave a lecture on "Bare-Headed Doctors". The President adjourned the Meeting at 10.45 p.m. ANNUAL REPORT OF THE ADMINISTRATION COMMITTEE 1982/83

As in previous years, the Siam Society continued to carry out its main lines of activities during the year of 1982, namely the varied programmes of events and functions held at the home of the Society as well as the popular excursions both within the country and abroad. With the help of wider publicity, attendance at our programmes is on the increase and excursions are all well-subscribed. Notes of our activities which appear in both Thai and English dailies enable news of our Society to reach not only our members but also the public at large. The installation of c1,1rtains in the hall had considerably improved the sound system, whereas the new chairs lend an air of attractiveness to the hall and comfort for our audience. The Society is still faced 'Yith problems of storage space. Some of its publi­ cations and books are temporarily stored in various places and are still in need of a nl:'w storage site._ It was therefore suggested that the Society build shelves. and proper shelter for the books in the open building next to the staff house at the rear of the hall. Funds are needed for this project as well as for, the Kamthieog House which must have its fence repaired or a new one built. In addition to the Society's own programmes of regular lectures, film shows and other events, our air-conditioned hall with its improved sound system was more widely used by members and non-members alike for such occasions as receptions, exhibitions, dinners, teas and wedding parties. . Six tables and 160 chairs for use in the hall were purchased as the number of chairs were found insufficient for the evening programmes when lectures/and perfor­ mances and dinner parties take place simultaneously.

MEMBERSHIP: Membership in the Siam Society as of the end of December, 1982 was 1,244 in the following categories : 375 life members, 845 ordinary members and 24 students members. Mr. F. Gregory Groarke, one of the Society's members donated a sum of 10,000.00 Baht as financial assistance to qualified students who applied for student member ship. Thus the number of student membership is hoped to increase. To promote its membership, letters'have been sent to Diplomatic Missions in Bangkok, The American Chamber of Commerce, The British Club and The Foreign Correspondents Club, inviting their respective members to join the Society.

270. Annual Reports 271

STAFF:. Mr. Jannarong Mekindharangkura, Assistant Administrative Secretary, resigned at the end of his probation period in May, 1982. Mrs. Amaraporn Anantato, Curator for the Kamthieng House resigned to further her studies in November, 1982. Miss Surat Nujcharern was employed as Assistant Librarian in May, 1982. All in all, the Committee is satisfied with the staff's discharge of their duties. The Administrative Secretary and other members of the staff have been working with conscientiousness and dedication throughout the year having willingly contributed their own time outside office hours to help in all aspects of the Society's activities at its home and on excursions. At present the Society has 13 personnel on the staff. The Employment Rules and Regulations for the employees of the Siam Society approved in principle by the Council in 1980 had been revised and made effective since September, 1982. The Revised Providence Funds for the Society's employees were proposed and approved by the Council at the 775th Council Meeting in 1982.

TAX OBLIGATIONS: The Society paid a new rate of land tax at 25,156.00 Baht for 1982 after an appeal tol the authorities concerned for favourable reconsideration in view of the Society being a non-profit body. Beginning January 1983 a tax of 5% will be levied on all income except dona­ tions and membership fees. Since the Siam Society is a non-profit institution and the Society performs an important cultural task in Thailand in various fields e.g. promoting the arts, publishing new research, preserving natural and cultural heritage in many ways as well as encouraging students and other groups to further these goals, the Society will·continue, as it has done in the past, to negotiate with the tax authorities with a view to bringing about a tax waiver or reduction.

HONORARY POSTS: In order to relieve the heavy work load on tlieHonorary Secretary, the Council has appointed Mrs. Virginia M. Di Crocco as Assistant Honorary Secretary.

INSURANCE: In the past the property of the Siam Society had been underinsured. Through Mr. Vivadh na Pombejra, Vice-President, an intermediary re-assessment of value and arrangement with the Samakki Insurance Company are being worked out to have the Society's property insured at a new concessionary rate. 272 Auual Reports

DONATIONS AND GIFTS: Mr. Thawisak Wiriyasiri, a free lance photographer, donated to the Society the 16 mm. colour film on "The Royal Cremation of H.:M. King Anandamahidol", (Rama VIII), which is now being processed for use in video cassette form. With the cooperation of Studio 1 0-the Society took the initiative to produce a 1! hour-long video tape on "Bangkok Bicentennial and 150th Anniversary Celebration of Bangkok" to be projected for the benefit of its members and the public at a later date. · M.L. Tritosyut Devakul, a well-known architect, off.ered. as a gift to the Society a large Phra Bot painting on cloth, approximately 7 by 7 feet in size, provided that the Society handle and hang it appropriately. The painting is over 150 years old and of great value. The Council decided to collectively contribute towards the cost of framing the painting. Mrs. Nongyao Narumit, Honorary Secretary, has given to the Society 12 torch lights for use at evening parties on the .lawn of K.amthieng House.

VISITORS: On 27th November 1982, Sir Charles Throughton, Chairman of the British Council, and Lady Throughton attended a tea party hosted by the British Council Scholars' Association on the lawn of the Kamthieng House. The President and a few Council Members were invited to attend the party. Mr. Terry Bigalke, Assistant Representative of the Ford Foundation visited the Society on June 11, 1982. Mrs. Hillary Feddersen, Council Member concurrently member of the Admin­ istration Committee, left the country.

COMMITTEE- MEMBERS: Mrs. Nongyao Narumit Chairman Mr. Vivadh na Pombejra Co-Chairman Mrs. Katherine Buri Mr. Sirichai Narumit Mr. Chri$topher J.A. Chubb Mrs.. Virginia Di Crocco Mr. Euaypom Kerdchouay Secretary ANNUAL REPORT OF THE FINANCE COMMITTEE . 1982/83

This year 1982-1983 may be considered a good year financially for the Siam Society due to the high rate of interest of 16% on its assets, arising from the sale of the Siam Cement Shares some years ago. On the other hand, caution is neces~ary for the year 1983-1984 due to the lower interest rate and the increase in our basic expense such as- Baht Baht Insurance 9,843.65 to 17,740.00 Land tax 9,300.00 to 25,156 00 after an appeal Cost of printing the Journal 100,000.00 to 165,000.00 Cost of printing the Natural History Bulletin 60,000.00 to 70,000.00 These expenses have to be met. Apart from this there is the need to replace our flimsy bamboo wall between the Shell Pump and the very very dry wood of Kamthieng House with a brick fence.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Mrs. Katherine Buri Honorary Treasurer Mr. C.J.A. Chubb Assistance Honorary Treasurer M.R. Patanachai Jayant Mr. Vivadh na Pombejra Mrs. Nongyao Narumit

273 ANNUAL ~EPORT OF THE LIBRARY COMMITTEE 1982/83

LIBRARY COLLECTION: For the year 1982 the Library had 421 titles added to its collection. Out of these, 257 titles were in Thai. The total number of the Library's holding is now 16,846 volumes, out of which 9,508 are in foreign languages.

DONATIONS: There wer~ 148 titl~s donated to the library, of which about SO titles were in .Thai. Donors were both individuals and institutions. One of the most outstanding gifts was a collection of thes~s and research work in the Tllai language, in the· field of arts and culu~re, p~esented by .the Jim Thompson Foundation, along with a shelf to house the material.

COOPERATION PROGRAMME: In addition to exchange programmes with local and foreign institutions and the inter-library loan service, the Library has cooperated with the National Archives for an in-service training programme.

PERSONNEL: 0Qe Assistant was employed in 1982. During the past year t];te library was grateful to have Mrs. Bonnie Davis as a library volunteer, who d~voted her· time to helping w:ith foreign correspondence, as well as checking an~ indexing the Bangkok Times newspaper for microfilming.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Dr. Chitriya Tingsabadh Chairman Mrs. Chitra Pranich Mrs. Bonnie Davis Dr. Tej Bunnag Mrs. Yuvadee Pitak Secretary

2:74 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE NATURAL HISTORY SECTION 1982/83

EXCURSION: ·· ·· ~ During the fiscal year 7 excursions were arranged by the section as follows: 22-26 July Two days and two nights at Angthong Marine National Park. 1-4 October ··Hike to Kun Tan National Park. 30 Dec.-3 Jan. Hike to Phu Luang National"Park. '' 3-6 December Hil~tribe Trek. 11-14 February Hike at Khao Yai National Park. 25 Feb.-2 March Excursion to Tarutao National Park. 4-9 March Excursion to Tarutao National Park.

FILM SHOW: Four film shows entitled, "The Last Roundup" and "Osprey", "The Voyage of Charles Darwin" Parts 1-7, "The Making of Mankind" Parts 1-7 and "The Waterhole" and "Amate-The Great Fig Tree", were shown during the fiscal year.

LECTURES: Two lectures were organized at the Society's Home: "The Impatiens of Thai­ land" by Prof. Dr. T. Shimizu on 16 September 1982, and "Studies on Gibbons of Thailand" by Dr. Warren Y. Brockelman on 15 February 1983.

NATURAL HISTORY BULLETIN: During the fiscal year the section fulfilled its commitment to publish NHB vol. 30 Nos. 1 and 2 containing original articles pertaining to the biological sciences of S.E. Asia with particular emphasis on Thailand. To bring the NHB up to professional standards, an Editorial Board has been organised consisting of the following members : Dr. Tem Smitinand Editor in Chief Dr. Warren Y. Brockelman Managing Editor Dr. Jeremy Y. Raemaekers Reader in Zoology Dr. Thawatchai Santisuk Reader ~ Botany Mr. · Jeffrey A. Sayer Reader in Conservation Dr. Thosaporn Wongratana Reader in Ichthyology·

215 276 Annual Reports

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Dr. Tem Smitinand Leader of the Natural History Section and Honorary Editor Mr. William Mayer Deputy Leader Dr. Warren Y. Brockelman Conservation Chairman and Co-editor Mrs. Katherine Burl Financial Advisor Dr. Thosapom Wongratana H.E. Mons. W.F.M. Schmidt ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE 1982/83

During the fiscal year, the following books were published by the Society: - Kamthieng House by Sonia Krug and Shirley Duboff. - The Reconstruction of Rama I of the Chakri Dynasty by Prince Dhani Nivat, Kromamun Bidyalabh (reprinted); and stocks of the following formerly-printed titles remain available:· - The Lofty Sanctuary of Khao Pbra Vihar by John Black. - Monuments of the Buddha in Siam by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab. - Articles Reprinted from the Journal of the Siam Society by Prince Dhani Nivat. - Chulakantamangala: The Tonsure Ceremony as Performed in Siam by G.B. Gerini 7 Wat Phra Yiin Reconsidered by A.B. Griswold. - The Siamese Theatre: . A Collection of Reprints from the Joun:tal of the Siam Society by Mattani Rutnin. - ·Gardening in Bangkok by Pimsai Amranand. - In Memoriam Phya Anuman Rajadhon edited by Tej Bunnag and Michael Smithies. - The Religion of the Hitlong Njua by Nusit Chindarsi. - Collected Articles in Memory of H.R.H. Prince Wan Waithayakorn. - Old Bridges of Bangkok by Sirichai Narumit. - The Orchids of Thailand by Gunnar Seidenfaden and Tem Smitinand. - Three Thai Poets by Angkarn Kalayanapongs, Naowarat Pongpaibool and Witayakorn Chiengkul - A History of Wat Phra Chetupon and Its Buddha Images by K.I. Matics. - The Ceramic Wares of Siam by Charles Nelson Spinks. - The World of Buddhism: a Pictorial Presentation by John Blofeld. - 55 chants d' amour kmong blanc by Jean Mottin. - Yao Design of Northern Thailand by Jacqueline Butler-Diaz. In January, the Publications Committee was re-organized with Mr. Richard Engelhardt as its chairman, with the view to re-vitalizing the Society's traditional role as publisher of significant scholarly books on Thailand.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Dr. Richard A. Engelhardt Chairman Dr. Tej Bunnag Mrs. Virginia Di Crocco Mr. Dacre Raikes

277 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE KAMTHIENG HOUSE COMMITTEE 1982/83

GENERAL: The Kamthieng House_ received more visitors during 1982 than in previous years, even though the number of visitors was still not as high as the Committee ex­ pected. Plans about contacting tour agents to bring tour groups in were- discussed, but actions were postponed, as a sizable amount of investment will be involved to get ready for large groups ofvisitors: (i.e. construction of extra W.C., etc.) CURATOR: Mrs. Amarapom.Anantho ~orked uptil the end-of December 1982, when she resigned to join her family up-pauntry. , New curator is being sought through contacts at the National Museum and the Sllpakorn University. . . DONATIONS: Contributions -from the 'East-West Seminar, Japan, continued to come in 1982 the amount was $4,300. The salary of the curator was paid out of this sum. Donations _fro~ va_rioua parties who came: to utilize the house and its grounds occurred at intervals~ and ainounted to approximately 15,000 baht by the end of 1982. Admission fees .to the_house averaged about l,2QO baht a month. PUBLICATION:: .· A book on .Kamthieng House by Sonia-Krug and Shirley Duboff came out in April 1982. This well-researched and detailed book repla~d the former guidebook which was about to go out of print. Even .though a bit high-priced, the book sold steadily to visitors who sought proper reference on the subject. GUIDED TOURS: In January 1983, a:n agreement was made with the National Museum Volun­ teers Group to organize ·guided touts of ihe Kamthieng Hou~e · in Bngli~h on every Saturday morning. A trial tour was made on 22 Janu~ry 1983 and the regular tour ~tarted on S February. All the guides are volUn.teers, under the cooperation of the National Museum Volunteers Group. .. '

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Mr. Sirichai Nanimit Chairman Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa Dr. Piriya Krairiksh Mr. Nondha Buranasiri Mr. Sadao Ikeya

278 ANNUAL REPORT OF THE·ART AND CULTURE COMMTTEE 1982/83

Since all funds available for use in the making of small grants to worthy projects outside the Society's direct control were exhausted at the end of 1981 no grants could be made until acquisition of additional funds in the last quarter of the current year. The Art and Culture Committee was nevertheless able to assist in the coordination of certain important temple mural preservation projects on behalf of donors. Two programmes of northeastern dance and ~usic were presented at the Society and two separate groups of visiting Malaysian dancers and musicians were presented at schools, colleges and universities in the immediate Bangkok area and in South Thailand; one group also gave a performance at the Society. A film of Beijing Opera, with an accompanying lecture, was also screened at the Society. A bus load of members attended a performance of Nang Yai, accompanied by supper, in a village outside Rayong on a tour which was chie:Oy devoted to the minor industries of the East Coast. During the trip, participants also had the opportunity to be present at a seance eonducted by a "rusee" at a temple outside Cholburi. These activities are reported in greater detail below:'

MURAL PRESERVATION: Wat Bangkhanun, Nont~aburi, with funds provided by Siam Cement Company; Wat Rakhang, Thonburi, also assisted by. Siam Cement Company; Wat Bangyikhan, Bangkok, with funds provided by the European Asian Bank as their Ra~tanakosin Bicentenary Celebration contribution . .The Committee for the Survival of 'rha,i Murals was inactive thrQughout the year as leading members have departed, It is hoped that it will be reactivated during 1983.

THAI DANCE AND MUSIC·: The ~7th of J.anuary 1982 saw the Society presept a programme cpnsisting mainly of spirit dances such as the Thai Da~'s "Ra'm Chong Pang" exor~ising dance and the medium's dance "Semg Nang Kwak" which had been researched in their region and pres~nted J:>y the Teachers Training College of Loei. Also included were "Fon Khoon Larn", a dance of propitiation in honour of Mae Phosop, the. rice goddess, amongst oth~rs. These proved to be a series of interesting dances which it is difficult . . ' to see outsid~ their region and only then on special occasions.

279 280 Annual Reports

The northeast was represented again when, on lith November, the Wong Gaen Esarn Group of the Teachers Training College of Mahasarakam, under the leadership of Acharn Pornchai Srisarakam, came to the Society and gave a very different program­ me with ponglang, kaen and drums beating a brisk and up-to-date beat. Some dances such as the "Serng Kao Poon" (Khanom Chine Dance) and "Serng Koop" (Frogcatch­ ing Dance) were modern, barely a year or two old, having been choreographed by Acharn Pornchai in the northeastern tradition since the formation of the group, but one dance of historical interest was the "Fon Porn Suwan" which came originally from Laos where it was known to have been used to escort and bid farewell to the Emerald Buddha when the then Chao Phraya Chakri took the sacred image from Vientiane and brought it to King Taksin's new capital at Thonburi in 1779 AD. The dance traditions of the central plains were represented by a just-extant group of ageing nang yai dancers on the outskirts of Rayong. The Wat Ban Don team of dancers and musicians, under the leadership of Khru Praew Kaesarat, took their giant leather puppet figures (many of which were in a sadly deteriorated condition) out of storage for one night to give an appreciative group of Society members a perfor­ mance, accompanied by an excellent supper, of the Ramakien episode in which Hanuman is sent to arrest Mongkol and Lop. Whilst the music itself was somewhat debased, as the musicians had lost the ability to play many of the correct na pat melodies associated with stage movements, the enthusiasm of the dancers and players, and the happy ambience associated with a live performance near an upcountry village more than compensated for the technical defects.

THAI-MALAYSIAN CULTURAL EXCHANGE: Maintaining a now annual tradition Kesuma, the cultural troupe of Universiti Malaya, visited Thailand for two weeks in August under the joint auspices of Srina­ kharinwirot University at Prasarnmit and the Society. The 35 members of the troupe hired their own bus in Haadyai and gave a programme at SWU Songkhla, two each at Benjama Rajutit School in Rajburi and Karnchana Nukroh School in Kanchanaburi before coming into Bangkok to perform at Wat Boworn School. One programme in Lopburi opened their second week before they returned to the Bangkok region and entertained students' at Wat Kesia Apirom, Nonthaburi, Sathit Kasetsart University, Sathit Prasarnmit and the Phra Nakorn Teachers Training College. They also gave a show at the Society and were featured in a TV show on Channel 5. One final appear­ ance in the regular Friday evening programme at the Phanfa branch of the Bangkok Bank brought their two weeks sojourn in Thailand to a happy conclusion. Annual Reports 281

Thus inspired by the Malaysian troupe a return visit was made by train to Kuala Lumpur and PenaQg by the 40 strong Folk Dance and Music Troupe from Srinakharinwirot University:, Prasarnmit for 10 days in October. These two cul~ural exchange visits proved to be so popular that a. second Malaysian dance troupe asked if they could also visit Thailand on the same basis (i:e. hosts provide board and lodging and, if necessary, transport). The semiprofessional Kumpulan Budaya Seri Wilayah was accepted in mid-December and gave many much appreciated performances until their departure just before the New Year. During those two weeks, which opened with a performance at the Ousit Zoo, they entertained a largely student audience with two shows each in Utong, Nonthaburi and Pakret as well as at Wat Rakhang in Thonburi. They also performed for the Teachers Training Colleges of Phra Nakom and Chombung in Rajburi. Seri Wilayah gave a perfor­ mance under the auspices of the Fine Arts Department in the·regular Sunday evening cultural show at Sangkeet Sala in the National Museum compound and they too were presented in the Siam Boritat programme of TV Channel 5.

BEIJING OPERA: By courtesy of the embassy of the Peoples' Republic of China, we were able to borrow their film of the opera "Mu Gui Ying". A scene by scene· deScription of the story was prepared by Mr11. Yi-Ming Chang prior to the showing at which she also delivered a short lecture outlining the history and some of the traditions of Beijing Opera. Despite the length of the film, some 21 hours, an interested audience was present throughout the two halves of the screening during the break in which Mrs. ·Chang delivered her lecture. It is hoped to screen other quality films in this genre as and when the PRC embassy confirms that they are available.

THAI DANCE AND MUSIC IN EUROPE: On account of the Rattanakosin Bicentennary which put great pressure on a lnajority of sponsors to support local cultural endeavours it was deeided not to promote a European to~ in 1982. Plans are however firming 11P for a troupe to travel to England and Greece in July/August 1983 if adequate sp~sorship is forthcoming.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Mr. Dacre Raikes Chairman Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa Co-Chairman Dr; Piriya Krairiksh Mn, Vir~ni~ P~ C~occo ANNUAL REPORT OF THE PROGRAMME & TRAVEL COMMITTEE 1982/83

Last year we arranged our programme and travel to mark the bicentennial celebration of Bangkok as the Royal Capital City with a variety of events focussed on the Rattanakosin Era. Our success was due largely to the help of the Nat1,1ral History Section as well as the Arts and Culture Committee, which helped to pr~sent interesting lectures, performances and study tours. The money raised by this committee was spent _to.. help defray the cost incurred in running our Society, as membership fees ll.lone w~re insufficient to maintain the Society's activities. We thank our members and friends who supported us all along. Some of the money raised by our committee has. also been donated to worthwhile causes, especially in conservation of our national heritage, for instance, our support of the Ho Trai at Wat Rakbang fro~ the beginning bore it11 fruit when its restoration ·was completed and it was opened formally by HRH the Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhom on behalf on His Majesty. This was in.. connection with the Bicentennial celebration of Bangkok, as the Ho Trai was the original home of H.M. King Rama I, Founder of the Dynasty. . Simil&rly, the Association of Siamese Architects singled out Wat Thongnopkhun lis the best example of a contemporary Thai temple, well conserved for its artistic value. The abbot received a gold medal ~rom HRH the Princess Maha Chakri . . These two Wats were examples of those our Society supported technicaiiy and financially.· Support made possible by funds raised-by the programme and travel committee. We hope to carry on the good work in the year to come. Al)y· suggestion, or criticism from our members are, of course, most welcome.

Schedule of events during 19.82/83 : 27 March · Mr. Euaypom Kerdchouay, Administrative ·S.ecretary, led an EXCURSION TO SUPANBURI PROVINCE. 30 March Mr.· F.W.C. Martin, Member of Council, lectured on SOME SIAMESE AND SOME SCOTSMEN: THE EMBASSY OF DR. JOHN CRAWFURD TO THE COURT OF SIAM IN 1822. 1 April Video "THE LAST PLACE ON BARTH PART 3 and 4" was shown. S April The observation of "ROYAL BARGES PROCESSIONS", Annual" Reports 283

20 April Dr. Ronald Skeldon, Population Division, ESCAP,lectured on -·~REGIONS OF REFUGE: CULTURES ON WANE", 1st series on LADAKH AND THE WESTERN HIMALAYA. 22 April M.R. Patanachai Jayant, President of the Siam Society, ·· · lectured on KING PRAJADHIPOK AND THE REVOLU- . - TION OF 1932 and the showing of the film 150th ANNIVER­ SARY ·CELEBRATIONS OF BANGKOK AND KING PRAJADHIPOK'S CO~ONATION 1925. 27 April Dr. Ronald Skeldon, Population Division, ESCAP, lectured on "REGIONS OF REFUGE: CULTURES ON WANE", 2nd series on THE QUECHUA OF SOUTHERN PERU. 2 May ¥.R. Doangchai Chumbala, led an EXCURSION TO VISIT MONUMENTS AND PLACES DESIGNED OR DECORA­ TED BY H.R.H. PRINCE NARISRANUVADTIVONGSE. 6-10 May Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac, Member of Council, led an EXCUR­ SION TO UBOL RATCHATANI AND YASOTHORN .PROVINCES .. 11 May Dr. Seri Pongpit, Faculty of Liberal Arts, Thammasat Univer­ sity, introduced a Thai film entitled THE FRINGE OF SOCI)3TY. 15-16 May- Mr. Euaypom Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSION TO AMPHAWA, PHOTARAM, RATCHA­ BURI AND PRACHUAP KHIRIKHAN. 22-23 May Mr. Dacre F.A. Raikes, Member of Council, led an EXCUR­ SION TO CHONBURI AND RAYONG WITH NANG YAI PERFORMANCE. 27 May Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa, Member. of Council, lectured .on BUD­ DHADASA BHIKKHU AND FIFTY YEARS OF SUAN MOKH. 1 June Mr. Paul Quinn~Judge, a freelance Britist journalist, lectured on ANGKOR WAT AND ANGKOR THOM . 10 June . .Mr. Asghar Ali Engineer; Director, Institute of Islamic Studies, Bombay, lectured. on ISLAM AND CONTEMPORARY PROBLEMS IN ASIA .. 15 June Video Show on BICENTENNIAL· FESTIVITIES AND 150th ~NNIVERSARY CBtEBRATlONS OF BANGKOK;>·-: · 284 Annuat. Reports

19 June Dr. Piriya Krairiksh, Member of Council, led a TOUR TO VISIT THE GRAND PALACE. AND THE TEMPLES OF THE EMERALD BUDDHA. · 22 June to 6 July · Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac, Member of Council, led an EXCUR­ SION TO KASHMIR AND LADAKH. 24 June Dr. Charnvit Kasetsiri, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Thai • Khadi Research Institute, Thammasat University, introduced the Thai film entitled THE KING OF THE WHITE ELE­ PHANT. 27 June Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led a group for. A SUNDAY WALK IN ORCHARDS AND VISIT to TEMPLES IN THONBURI. 2-7 July Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay; Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSION TO CHIANGMAI, MAE HONGSORN, LAM­ PHON, LAMPANG, PHRAE AND NAN PROVINCES. 27 July Miss Wilaiwan Kanittanand, Department of Linguistics, Thammasat University and Mr. James Placzek, of Centre of Asian Studie~· University of British Columbia, lectured on THE IMPACT OF MODERNIZATION ON A TRADITIONAL BELIEF-KHWAN. 10 August Dr. Theodore Panayotoli, Agricultural.Deve1opment Council and Faculty of Economics, Kasetsat University, lectured on THE POVERTY AND STATE OF NATURAL RESOUR­ CES: IS RAPID ECONOMIC GROWTH DESIRABLE OR EVEN SUSTAINABLE? 15 August Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac, Member of Council, led an EXCUR­ SION TO LOPBURI. 20-22 August and Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an 27-29 August EXCURSION TO THE RESERVOIR NORTH BHUMIBOL DAM. 25 August Mr. Dacre F.A. Raikes, Member of COuncil, introduced the MUSIC AND DANCE FROM MALAYSIA. 31 August Slide Show : A SHOW OF SLIDES TAKEN BY MEMBERS DURING THE EXCURSION TO KASHMIR AND LADAKH. 4-5 September Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSIONTOPONGTUK, PHRATAEN DONG RANG, THAM TANLOD IN KANCHANABURI PROVINCE. 7 Septemb~r -- - ·Miss Chusiri Chamorlitnan. FacultY of Arts, Silpakorn Univer- ADD.aar Reports. 28·5

sity, lectured on SOME NEW COMMENTS ON. THE LOCATION OF THE ANCIENT .PORT OF PATTANI. 10-13 September Mr. H~nri Pagau-Clarac, Member of Council, led an EXCUR­ SION TO UDONTHANI 'AND. NONGKHAI PROVINCES. 14 September Video Show : The film entitled· ONE WAY TICKET TO HUA LAMPONG was showrt · · ··· 18-19 September Dr. Piriya Krairiksh, 1\{ember of Council, led an EXCURSION TO NAKHON.PATHOM, RATCHABURI AND PHET­ CHABURI. 28 September Mrs. Yi-Ming Chan~, Member of the Society, introduced a film on a Peking Opera "MU KUI YANG". 8-11 October Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac, Member of Council, led an EXCURSION TO PHRAE AND NAN. 15-17 October Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSION TO THE RESERVOIR NORTH OF BHUMI­ BOL DAM. 19 October Mr. John Blofeld, expert on Chinese Buddhism, lectured on SOME VIEWS ON THE FUTURE OF CHINESE CULTURE. 24 October Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSION TO. VISIT. ~URAL PAINTINGS IN TEM­ PLES IN THONBURI. 26 October Mrs. Natalie V. Robinson, lectured on BENCHARONG CERAMICS. 11 November Miss Paijong Laisakul, Mr. Jeffrey Sng, Mr. Kamsing· Srinok and Mr. Thepsiri Suksopa, introduced the film entitled TONG PAN followed with film show and supper. 21 November Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an EXCURSION TO VISIT TEMPLES AND OTHER SITES OF INTEREST ALONG NAKHORN CHAISRI RIVER. 23 November Mr. Sidhijai Tanphiphat, National Housing Authority, and Mr. Paul Chamniaq, Director of Building Together. Association, lectured and introduced a film on LAND-SHARING SCHEMES FOR HOUSING THE POOR. 28 November . Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led members to visit CLARAC'S HOME AND SOME TEMPLES 'IN THONBURI. . 281) Annuaf:Repor.ti

1 December Profe8sor Gerald Drager, OBE, of the University of Sussex, . JJ.K., lectured on THE INFLUENCE OF KING ASOKA AND .BUDDHISM ON INTERNA.TIONAL LAW,, ... ; ..... 9-13 December Mr. Euaypbrn Ker4ohouay, Adaunistrative Secretary, led an . EXCURS~9N .JO . PID PHI DON AND PHJ. .PHI .LJ.J ISLANDS, 14 December Mr. Sulak ~ivaraksa, Me.~ber of Council, lectured on HUE, . THE tASf ..RbYAL CAP1TAL OF VIETNAM AND .ITS ROYAL MAUSOLEUMS:. 21 December Mr. Sirichai Narumit, Vice~President of the Society, lectured on THE OLD BRIDGES OF BANGKOK. 30 Decem~er to Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay, Administrative Secretary, led an 3 January .EXCURSION TO SONGKHLA, PATTANI, YALA AND NARATHIWAT PROVINCES. .· .. 14-17 January H.S.H. Prince Subhadradis. Diskul, Rector of· Silpakom University, led an EXCURSION TO PHITSANULOK, KAMP.HAENGPHET, SUKHO'J'HAI .. AND SI SATCHA- NALAI. . · . ·- 17 January Mr. Ian Glover, the Instiiute of Archaeology, London, lectured on ·ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXCAVATION AT BAN:',DON · TA PHBT: ... ITS SIGNIFICANOB ...FOR THAI IDSTORY. 27 January Mr. Dacre F.A.- Raikes,' Member of Council,· introduced MUSIC AND DANCE FROM . PHBTCHABOON PRO­ VINCE. 8 February :Mr. Qacre F.A, .:aaikes, Member of Council, lee.tured on WQRKING IN .TEAK FOREST 30 YEARS AGO. 13 February and H.S.H. Prine~ Subhadradis .. J;>iskul, Rector of Silpakorn 5 March UJ,~iversity, led a tour tQ STUDIES. OF THAI RA~AKIAN (RAMAYANA) FROM THE MURAL PAINTINGS. 17 February Dr. Magdalene V. DewaJ-1, South Asia Institute, Department of Ethnology/Archaeology, Heidelberg, lectured on ARCHAEO­ LOGY IN SOUTHWEST CHINA AND LATE BRONZE AGE. SOCiETY· OF HIGHLAND SOUTH EAST ASIA: SOME CURRENT 'ISSUES IN THE LIGHT OF RECENT ··FINDS. l·March· ·. · Dt.. Hans Ulrich Luther, Lecturer at Thammasat Unh.tersity, · lecfuted on. DEVELOPMENT POLICIES IN LAOS AFTER ·1975. Annual Reports 287

12-13 March Dr. Piriya Krairiksh, Member of Council, led an EXCURSION TO PHNOM WAN, PHIMAI, PHNOM RUNG AND MUANGTAM. 24 March ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING-ELECTION OF COUN­ . CIL followed by lecture and slides show br Dr. Suraphol Sudara, Department of Marine Biology, Chulalongkom . University, on, REPORT ON THE ENVIRONMENTS, RAT­ TANAKOSIN ERA 200.

COMMITTEE MEMBERS: Mr. Sulak Sivaraksa: Chairman Mr. Henri Pagau-Clarac Co-Chairman Dr. Tem Smitinand MemQer Mr. Siricbai Narumit Member Mr. Dacre F.A. Raikes Member Mrs. Nongyao Narumit Member Dr. Richard Engelhardt Member Mr. Euayporn Kerdchouay Secretary LIST OF PAID-UP M·EMBERS, 1983 *DENOTES LIFE MEMBER

*Mr. Hisashi Abe • Miss Mary Anglemyer Mrs. Vicki J. Abella Mr. Dusadee Angsumaytankoon * Mom Kobkaew Abhakara Na Ayudhya Miss Boonchua Ankapradit * Prof. Arthur S. Abramson *Prof. Edward M. Anthony Mr. Klaus M. Ackermann Mr. William Aoustia * Mr. A.C.S. Adams *Mr. Yoji Aoyagi Mr. A. Peter Adcock * Mr. Hachiro Arai * Mrs. V.T. Adloff Mr. Alain Archambault Mr. Osamu Akagi Mr. C. Archaimbault Mr. M.V. Akbar Mr. Ray Archer *Mr. A. Alexander Mr. H. Gunther Arlt *Mr. P.J. Alexander Mr. Charles H. Armstrong Mr. Peter D. Alexander-Marrack Dr. Woraphant Arthayukti Miss Christine Alfsen * Mr. Charles D. Arthur *Mr. Anvar T. Aliakbar * Yehuda Assia, Mrs. Catherine B. Allen Mrs. Dorothy C. Asumendi *Dr. Charles T. Alton Dr. Phanupong Asvakiat Mr. Chalie Amatyakul Mr. Siva Asva Asvakiat * Mr. Pricha Amatyakul Miss Ratami Athirakool * Dr. B. Ammundsen *Mr. Kim Atkinson *Mr. Pinglasvasti Amranand *Mr. Bunchana A~thakorn * Mr. Piyasvasti Amranand * Mr. B. Atthakom Mr. Prok Amranand Mr. John B. Ault *Mr. Vidusvasti Amranand Mrs. Khy Hlahla Aung Mr. Diethard Ande Mrs. Betty M. Avery Ms. Annabel Anderson *Prof. Tsuneo Ayabe Miss Donna J. Anderson Mr. Liam Ayudhrij *Dr. Douglas D. Anderson Mrs. Jacqueline Bader Mr. Hans G. Anderson Miss Kathleen Badger *Mr. Hiroshi Ando Mr. John H. Baines Mrs. Josefine Andorfer Dr. Christopher Baker * H.B. Mr. G. Andre * Mr; Michael H. Baker Mr. David I. Andrianoff * Dr. R. Balakrishna Mr. Marco Andrighetto * Mr. Daroon Balasiri

~88 Annual Reports 289

Mr. John Michael Ball Dr. George A. Binnew *Mr. Dieter-Mafia Balzar Dr. Med. Ernst W. Birmele * Miss Banchop Bandhumedha Mr. Brian Birley • Mr. Dharmadasa Banij Mr. Kurt Bischof Mr. Dusit Banijbatana Mrs. Mona M. Bittenbender * Prof. P.V. Bapat * Mr. J. Black • Mr. Otto Bjorling * Dr. G. Bare M.D. Mrs. Beryl Blacka Mrs. Lindsey Badon Mr. Thomas B. Blair Mr. J.N.A. Barnes Mr. F. Blanchard Mr. Barnett F. Baron Mr. John Blofeld Mr. D. Barrett Mr. Axel Blom Mr. G. Barrie IV Mr. David J. Bluford • Mr. Norman Bartlett Mr. Robert Boca Mr. James R. Basche, Jr. • Mr. J.J. Boeles • Mr. Douglas N. Batson Prof. Dr. Ernest Boesch Mr. Erwin Baumann Mr. Marc Bogerd Mr. Robert M. Bayliss H B. Mr. Rudolf Bogner Dr. Robert A. Beale • Prof. Jean Boisselier Prof. Dr. Heinz Dechert Mr. Richard N. Bones Miss Anne Beck Mr. Gilbert Bonneau • Dr. Damrong Bejrablaya Mr. Simon Bonython Dr. Sarah M. Bekker • Mr. Thanongsak Boonyarungsrit Mr. Geoffrey Bell Mr. William Booth Mr. Kittisak Bencharit Miss Cinzia Boraso Mr. Kledchai Benja-Athonsirikul Miss Christine Borgeaud *Mr. Paul J. Bennett Mr. Richard Borsuk Mr. Richard H. Bennison Mr. Alexander Hay Borthwick Mr. Arthur B. Berger Dr. Meredith Borthwick Mrs. Marie Marthe Berlingieri Mrs. Marcelle Boschan Mr. Mel T. Bernard Mr. Huysmans Boudewijn Mr. Massimo Bernardinelli Mr. Wayne A. Bougas Mr. Klaus D. Bettenhausen· Miss Henrietta A.B. Bouman • Miss Chamrieng Bhaviohitra • Mr. Carroll G. Bowen Mrs. Rambha Bhoocha-oom Miss Delores Boyer • Mr. Robert J. Biokner Dr. David Bradley Mr. Jan Bierdrager Mrs. Jennifer L. Bradley 290 Annual Reports

Dr. William L. Bradley Mr. Herbert 0. Burri * Mr. Heinz Braendli *Mr. William Spencer Burtenshaw Dr. Nigel J. Brailey Mr. John J.S. Burton *Mr. Kennon Breazeale Miss Victoria Butler Mr. Thor W. Brehmer Mr. John Cairncross Mr. Walter Brenneis *Mr. C.W. Callaway Jr. Dr. R. Peter Brenner *Mr. Tunothy Carney * Ms. Bonita Brereton *Mr. G.D. Carpenter Mr. Jean-Marie Breton Lt. Col. Donald J. Cann Mrs. Lesley a Brewin Mr. Bjom lngvar Percy Carlsson Dr. Colin M. Britton * Mrs. Carroll L. Cartwright Dr. Warren Brockelman Mr. Bertrand Casalis *Mr. Jean Claude Brodbeck Mr. Suchint Chaimungkalanont * Mr. Jere Broh-Kajm Miss Vilai Chaivises · * Dr. John F. Brohm Mr. Tana Chaivorapat Miss Emma R. Broisman Dr. James R. Chamberlain Mr. Merle D. Brown Mr. Varyil M.H. Chamberlain Mr. Michael D. Brown * Miss Chusiri Cbamaraman Mr. Viggo Brun Mr. Chalaw Cbamoraman * Mr. Prakit Buabusaya Mr. Joompot Chanalittanont Maj. Gen. Prasert Buabusya *Mr. Abhai Chandavimol Prof. Saroj Buasri Mr. Albert T. Chandler Miss Rachaniwan Bulakul Mr. David P. Chandler * Mrs. L.C. Edna Bulkley * M.C. Sasavin Chandratat Mr. William Bunch Mrs. Wanpen Chandr-virochana *Mr. Danuj Bunnag Mr. Wiwat Chandrvirot Mr. Marut Bunnag Mr. Tsong-Zung Chang Mr. Peter P. Bunnag Mr. Y.H. Chang * Dr. Tej Bunnag * Mr .. Damrong Changtrakul *Mr. Nunt Buranasiri Mr. Kasem Chantarapat Miss Vilaileka Buranasiri . Mr. Manop Charoensuk * Mrs. Katherine Buri Miss Monique C. Charrier * Mrs. Prapai S. Buri Mrs. Wichanee Charuthas *Miss Prapar N. Buri * Prof. S.K. Chatterji *Mr. Prasam Bhiraj Buri Prof. Dr. Kamheang Chaturachinda • Mr. Prasit Buri Mr. Paul Chauzat Dr. Rachit Buri *Mr. Chamras Chayabongse Annual Reports 291

* Miss Seela Chayaniyayodhin * Mr. Robert N. Cook Jr. Mr. Chetta P.C. Cheng Miss Mary N. Cooke · Mr. Sumdh Chhim Mrs. Teresa Cooney Mr. Chatri Chiarapurk Mrs. Rosemary Copeland * Mr. C.F. Chicarelli Jr. * Mr. J. Corman Mr. Charoon Chinalai Mr. R. Coster Ms. Mary E. Chirathivat .Dr. Conrad P. Cotter Dr. Preeda Chitarachinda Mr. Peter Cox Mr. Hatai Chitanondh Mrs. Lois E. Crittenden Miss Tongbai Chittamongkol Mr. Jean Crozatier Miss Bancha Chittibhol Mr. Richmond Cubis Miss Kotchakom Chivakunakom *Mr. J.L. Culbertson Miss Nancy Chng * Mr. William H. Cummings Mrs. Francoise Chomthongdi *Dr. Richard D. Cushman * Miss U. Chongpipatanasook Mr. Lawrence Daks Mr. Bangkok Chowkwanyun * Mr. Lance Dane * Mr. Chow Chowkwanyun Mrs. Ans Dankers Mrs. Evelyn Chowkwanyun *Mr. Chitra Dansuputra Dr. John J. Christian Mrs. Kamalasiri Davahasdin Mrs. Nancy M. Christians Mr. Adi J. Davar Mr. Tom Chuawiwat Mr. S.J. Davies Mr. Christopher J.A. Chubb Mrs. James E. Davis * M.R. Doangchai Chumbala Mrs. Martine Dean * Mrs. Saisuree Chutikul Miss Nerina DeAngelis Miss Krongthong Chutima Mr. Jacques de Barrin Mrs. Oon Chutima Miss Chantal de Boisboissel *Mrs. Nandana Chutiwongs Prof. Dr. Johannes G. de Casparis Mr. C.A. Clarac *Mr. A.I. de Courcy Lyons Mr. G.C. Clark Mrs. J. De Fels Dr. Harry R. Clarke Mrs. Eileen Deeley Miss Joan M. Clarke Mrs. Karla M. Dejean Ms. Marsha A. Clink * Miss Sukanya Dej-Udom Mr. Erroll D. Coles Dr. Jose Eduardo Da Mello-Gouv~ia Mr. T.H. Commins Dr. Eugene Denis, S.J. Dr._ Carol Compton * Mr. Ulrich Dennerlein * Prof. Georges Condominas Mr. Edward de Renzie Brown Mrs. Patchrie Conrad * Mr. John de Salis 292 Annual Reports

Mrs. Paulette de Schaller Mr. Krister Eduargs M.R. Anogdevan Devakul Mr. Peter Edwards Mrs. Fee de Vallois Prof. Soren Egerod Mr. David DeVoss Mr. Michael Eiland * lr. F.C. de· Weger B.I. Mrs. Maly Ekaritbutr * Miss Chalermsri Dhamabutra . * Mrs. Kamala Sukhabanij E~saengsri * H.E. Mr. Sanya Dharm.asakti Mr. Michael R. Elwell Mrs. Francine Dhesee Dr. Richard Engelhardt *Mr. Edward Dickinson • The Viscount Errington * Mr. W. Dickinson *Dr. Egon A. Ettinger Mrs. J.V. Di Crocco Mr. R.G. Evans Mr. Ludo Dieltjens M~; John L. Everingham Mr. Alessandro O.N. DiFranco Miss Kathleen A. Farrell Mr. Dirk J. Dijkstra * Prof. David A. Feingold Dr. Anthony Diller Mr. Stewart A. Fergus Mr. Joseph D. Diloreti Mrs •. Norma J. Ferguson Miss Rebecca Dirks Mr. Michel Ferlu!l * H.S.H. Princess Marayat Diskul Mrs. Dorothy H. Fickle Dr. Edward B. Doberstyn, MD Mrs. Monkia L. Fischer * H.S.H. Prince Subhadradis Diskul Dr. Kenneth S. Fischer Mr. Robert J. Dobias Mr. Richard Flaspohler Mr. Michael T. Dockerty Mrs. Piyathida Flores *Mr. John Dodds Mrs. Eva-Maria Forsberg * Reverend Paul S. Dodge Mr. Lawrence T. Forntan Mr. Francio; H. Dong Mr. Thoinas H. Forrest Mr. Thomas P. Doubleday Mr. Angus H. Forsyth Mrs. Velvet Eve Douglas Mr. Brian L. Foster * Mr. Svend H. Drachmann Dr. Marcus F. Franda Mr. nw. Drewes Mr. H.G. Frandsen Mrs. Shirley Duboff Mrs. Beverly Frankel Mr. Jacques Dubois *Mr. Dean Fransche Mr. Ernest Duohamp " Mr. James W.D. Frasclle Mr. Gerard Dudeffend * Mr. P.R.N.· Fraymouth Mrs. Anne Coude du Foresto Mr. Domingo Alfredo French Mr. Philippe Dupont Mr. Douglas Frewer Mr. Vincent A. Bagan Mr. Etienne Friang Mr. Alfred F. Eberhardt * Mr. H.C. Frijlink Auual B.oports 293

Mr. Hans-Jurgan Freitag Mr. Mark Graham Mr. Asmund Froysok *Mr. Terry B. Grandstaff Mr. Louis Gabaudc Mr. Denis D. Gray * M.R. Rosalin Gagananga Mrs. Janine J. Gray * Mr. Bo Khin Maung Gale Dr. Vivian·M. Green Miss Nicole ·Galeazzi Mrs. Prapimwong Greenberg Mr. Marcel Gambcrt Mr. Terrance R. Greenberg Mr. Jorgen Gammelgaard Mr. Ronald H. Greer . * Mr. George F. Gant " Dr. M.E. Griffith . Mr. Albert Garaboeuf *Mr. A.B. Griswold Dr. Damnern Garden * Mr. F.G. Groarke Mrs. Rareun Netrayon Garden * Dr. B.P. Groslier Mrs. Lada R. Gasikorn *Mrs. U.L. Guehler Mr. Derick Garnier Miss Georgia Guldan Dr. Reto F. Gass * Mrs. Malinee Oumporayamnoot Mr. Stephen B. Gast • Dr. Pracha Gunakasem Mrs. Marisa Gatti Mr. Geoffrey Gunn Mr. Marcel F. Gautschi Mr. Bo Gustavsson Mrs. J. Gaw Dr. James F. Guyot Miss Barbara A. Gaynor Mr•. Michel Guyot * Dr. William Gedney * Dr. Mary R. Haas Dr. David Gee-Clough Dr. Tanit Habanamanda Mrs. Ruth Gerson Mr. Jorgen Hage * Mr. T.W. Gething Mr. David L. Hagen * H.E. Mr. John I. Getz Dr. Klaus Hahlweg * Mr. Huge Gibb Miss Heywote Hailcmeskal Mr. I.M. Gibson *Mr. Hiromitsu Hakari . Mrs. Madeleine Gillard Mr. Mark F. Hamill-Stewart Mr. Ress Gilles Mr. James W. Hamilton Mr. Ulf Glattkowski Mr. Chris Hamptoa Mr. Gunther Glauninger Mr. John W. HanCQCk * Mr. S. Googe * Dr. Lucien M. Hanks Jr. Mr. R.F. Gooinon Mr. Pat Hannay * Dr. Betty Gosling Mrs. Sundhari Hanaasuta Prof. Lee A. Peter Gosling Mrs. Kate Allan Hansen " Mr. D.C. Goss Mr. Per Svane Hansen *Dr. JosephS. Gould Dr. Vagn Hansen 294 Annual Reports

* Mrs. Barbara A. Harding Dr. Piet-Hein Houben Mrs. Madelon Hartevelt Mr. David W. Howard * Mrs. Adda M. Hartman *Mr. Nid H. Shiranan *Mr. John F. Hartman *Mr. Thomas J.Hudak Mr. Peter Hartog Major Roy Hudson • Mr. J.D. Hastings Prof. F.E. Huffman Mr. David M. Hatcher Mr. Urs Hufschmid Mr. Victor C. Heard Mr. J.W. Huguet Mrs. Elizabeth Heatherington Mrs. Alice M. Hunnicutt Mrs. Gudrun Heckel Mr. Toum Hutasing Mr. F.L. Heider * Mr. C.K. Hyland Mr. William· E. Heinecke * Mr. Sbigeru Iijima Dr. H.W. Heitmann .~ Mr. Marcel lndergand Mr. Roger Helmer Mr. Cha~narong lndharameesup Mrs. Auril J. Henderson Miss Pinna Indorf * Mr. Max E. Herman Mr. Amom Indrakamhang. Mr. Knut, Herzer Mr. Boon Indrambarya * Dr. Georg Heuser Mrs. Phasook lndrawooth Mr. A.R. Hickson Mr. Narin Indhewat • Mr. Bonnchvey Hiranpruk Mr. Jerry lngeman Prof. Herman L. Hoeh * Mr. Jasper Ingersoll Mr. Albert R. Hofmann Mr. Luca Invemizzi Mr. D.W. Hogan * Mr. Vadhana Isarabhakdi * Mr. Richard M. Hollander * Khunying Tasniya Isarasena Punyagupt · Mr. David F. Holm * Prof. Yoneo Ishii * Mr. Jergen Holm • Mrs. Thavee Israsena Dr. Henry C. Holmes Miss Suchada Ithijarukul * Mr. Derek A. Holmes * Mr. Y. lwaki Sir James Richard Holt, O.B.E. "' Prof. K. lwatsuki Mr. H.W. Homan Mr. J. Kenneth Jackson * H.E. Mons. Sunthorn Hongladarom Mr. William A. Jackson Mrs .. Rudi Hood Mr. MichelJacouemin Miss Else M.J. Hoogteyling Mr. Claude Jacques Mr. Sommai Hoontrakool Ms. Samsiah A. Jajid. Mr. G. Hoppe • Mr. R. Campbell James Mr. Fritz Hops Mr. Hermann Janzen Mr. T. Hoshino Mr. Charles Javssi Annual Reports 295

* M.R. Patanachai Jayant · • Mrs. I.W. Kellogg * Mr. Piya Jittalan Miss Jean Kennedy Dr. Nirund Jivasantikarn Mr. Victor Kennedy Mr. Thomas Johnson Miss Sunantha Keotabhand Mr. Thomas Eric Johnson Mr. Joseph F. Kerch * Mr. U. Alexis Johnson • Dr. Ouay Ketusingh Dr. David Johnston * Prof. Charles F. Keyes * Mr. P.A. Jones *Dr. Thanat Khoman * Miss Ina Jorgensen * Mr. Xob Khongkhakul Mr. E.E. Jornbeck Mr. Sokichi Kimura *Mr. Sunthorn Jubandhu Mr. J.M.E. Kindl M.C. Sita Jumbala Mr. Christopher J. King "Dr. Laurence C. Judd * Mr. G. Kingma c.e. * Brig. Gen. M.L. Manich Jumsai • Dr. Konrad Kingshill Dr. Sumet J umsai • Mr. J.H. Kinoshita M.R. Romaniyachat Kaeokiriya * Prof. A. Thomas Kirsch Miss Rujee Kaewjulapat • Mr. Atsushi Kitahara Mr. Z.T. Kajiji * M.L. Plaichumpol Kitiyakara "' Mr. Samran Kalayanaroj Mrs. Penelope M. Klap Dr. M.L. Ekjai Kambhu Mr. William J. Klausner * M.L. Jidjeua Kambhu Mrs. Ellis E.M.E. Klarenbeek M.L. Somsak Kambhu Mr. Wilhelm Klein Mr. Kurt Kammholz Mr. M. Mck Kliks * Mr. Charn C. Kanchanagom Mr. Klaus Klinke Mr. Peter K. Kandre Mr. F.W.A. Knight Mr. Sukri Kaocharern Mr. Michael A. Knowles * Miss Karnitha Karnchanachari • Mr. Claude A. Koch Mr. Arkakarn Karnasuta Mrs. Ulrike Koelver Prof. Dr. Otto Karow Mr. Manfred U. Kohler * M.R. Mitivataya Kasemsri Miss Aramsri Kompanthong * M.R. Saengsome Kasemsri Mr. Fatt Kiew Kon Mrs. Erika Kaufmann Miss Janine Kong * Prof. H.E. Kauffmann Mrs. Sunetra Kongsiri * Dr. Howard K. Kaufman Mrs. Kelly Koovacharacharoen Mr. Peter Kauz Prof. Irving Kopf Mr. Kunio Kawakami · Mr. H.R. Korff Mr. Sng H. Kee Dr. Roy J. Korn 296 Annual Reports

Mrs. Margaret Kosbab * Dr. Boon song Lekagul Mr. Osot Kosin Mr. Jacques Lemoine Miss K.haipipat Kosiyakul Mr. Ah Bahg Leo Mr. Didrik Krag Miss Suree Lertprathanpom * Dr. Chittrapat Krairiksh Miss Pawinee Lertpruk * Dr. Piriya Krairiksh Mr. Stephen J. Lesiuk Mr. Henri J. Kremer * Mr. L.E. Letts M.L. Taw Kritakara * Dr. Roger P. Lewis Mrs. Stanley Krug Mr. T.A. Lewis Mr. Gerard A.M. Kruse Miss Christa T. Lex Mrs. Ulla Kruse Mr. Charles H. Ley * Mr. Ernest Kuhn Mr. William A. Ligon · Mr. Cherdgiet Kulabutara • H.E. Mon. Han Lih-Wu Mr. Bbornchai Kunalai Mrs. Pongpun Likanasudh Mr. Miles Kupa Mr. H.H. Lim · * Prof'Masanori Kuwahara *Mr. Surind Limpanonda Mr. Roshan Lall Kwatra * Mrs. M. Linck Dr. Aye Kyaw *Mr. Herbert Link Mr. E. Lachenauer Mr. John R. Lillis Mrs. Alain Lacoste Mr. Preedeeporn Limcharoen Miss A.B. Lambert Mr. Beat R. Lobsiger Mr. Banthoon Lamsam ·Mrs. Catherine M. Loehr ·* Miss Supawan Lamsam Mr. Wichien Loetsuraphibun *Mr. Kenneth P. Landon Mrs. Sujaree Logavit Mr. Peter Lange Prof. Denys Lombard H.E. Dr. Hans C. Lankes Mr. Frank Lombard Dr. Charles C. Lantz *Dr. H.H.E. Loofs Mr. Phitak Laohasomboon * Mrs. Reidun Loose Mrs. Maria Laosunthara Mrs. Sylvia Lu Dr. Pijit Laosonthorn Dr. Guy Lubeigt Prof. Kai Larsen Dr. Harvey F. Ludwitig * M.R. Salah Latavalya *Mr. R. Lueke * Mr. Douglas A.J. Latchford Mr. Anuporn Lulitanond Mr. Patrick Laycock * Ambassador lvar Lunde Dr; H. Leedom Lefferts, Jr. Miss Jeranai Lunsucheep Mr. Bernard Lefort Mrs. Pomsri Luphaiboon Mr. F.K. Lehman Mrs. Albert Lyman Annual Reports 297

* Miss Elizabeth Lyons Mr. S.R. McDonough * Mr. C.S.I. Mabbatt Mr. Forrest McGill * Mrs. C.S.I. Mabbatt Mrs. Linda A. Mc<:;HIIivray Mr. C.R. Maberly Mr. Robert J. McKeon *Mr. John A.G. MacDermott Mr. James K. McPherson *Mr. Michael Madha Mrs. Sarah McLean Mr. Michael B. Magnani Mr. Jeffrey A. McNeely Mr. Martin M. Magold * Mrs. Kanitta Meesook Mr. Prateep Mahasuwan * Khunying Amphorn Meesook Peta M. Mainardi Mr. Charles B. Mehl Mr. Jisa Makarasara *Mr. K. William Melchers M.L. Pin Malakul Mr. Neville T. Melluish Miss Pikul Malasiddh Mrs. Bruno Mercier Dr. ·P.Y. Manguin Mr. Claude Meyer Mrs. Fumitake Manita Mr. Niti K. Meyer * Mrs. C. Mangskau Mr. Jukka 0. Miettinen * Mr. Ariyant Manjikul Mr. Terry E. Miller Mr. William L. Mann Mr. Makoto Minegishi Mrs. M.K. Manoharan Mr. Frank Minnick Mrs. Alfred L. Marks Dr. Roland Mischung * Mr. Michel Marliere * Dr. Donald Mitchell Mr. F.H. Marsh Mr. Sidney S. Mitchell Mr. John A. Marsteller Miss Thida Mitrakul * Mr. F.W.C. Martin *Mr. Sunao Miyahara Mr. G.A. Martin * Mr. Koichi Mizuno Mr. Gordon Mason Mrs. Elizabeth Moore Mr. Rasheed A. Maskati Mr. Terence D. Moore Mr. Dominique S. Mathevet * Mr. G.H. Morgan Dr. Kathleen Matics Mr. Thomas E. Morgan Prof. Osamu Matsuyama Dr. Grace Morley * Mr. Tetsuya Matsumoto *Dr. Harold S. Morris * Mr. Perry Mavro Mr. Monty Morris *Mr. Wilhelm Mayer Mr. A.R.G. Morrison Mr. Philip R. Maytiew Mrs. Elizabeth Motika Mrs. William T. McCabe Mr. Peter M. Motzfeldt *Mr. Robert P. McDevitt Miss Barbara Mountfield Mr. Gava McDonell Dr. Marjorie A. Muecke 298 Annual Reports

Mr. Kurt A. Mueller * Prof. Boonyong Nikrodhananda * Miss Jean Mulholland Mr. Snob Nilkamhaeng * Mr. N.A. Mundhenk * Mrs. lppa Nilubol * Dr. Wiwat Mungkandi • Dr. Kraisri Nimmanahaeminda Mr. Imtiaz Ahmed Muqbil Prof. An Nimmanahaeminda • Mr. Biji Murashima "' Mr. Tarrin Nimmanahaeminda Mr. Joseph J. Murrie Mr. Pompart Nimwatana • Mrs. Renuka Musikasinthorn Mr. Eric Lendor Nissen Miss Vipha Muttamara Mrs. Thavil Prakob Nitisar Mr. Hans Naegeli Mr. Aroonchai Nitisupornrat Mr. Tsugio Nagai " Mr. Yoshimi Nitta "'Dr. Chetana Nagavajara Miss Noreerat Noparatnaraporn Mr. Jira Nakasevi * Mrs. R.G. North Mr. Prakhan Namthip " Mr. Hans G. Oblander Miss Chomsri Nanthavanich Dr. Taryo Obayashi "' Prof. Prasert Na Nagara Mr. Richard O'Connor "'Mrs. Wanida Nanthavanij " Mr. Samuel C. Oglesby Mr. Dhirawat Na Pombejra * Mr. Tadashi Okaniwa "' Mr. Vivadh Na Pombejra * Miss Laura Olson "'Dr. Banpot Napompeth " Mr. Masaki Onozawa Mr. Surin Osathanugrah Mr. Rajeev Narula Mr. Jacky Ott Mrs. Nongyao Narumitrekakarn l\4r. Nigel F. Overy • Mr. Sirichai Narumitrekakam Mrs. Sundri Paaopanchon Mrs. Porntip Narupakorn Miss F eresita Padilla *Mr. Wiraj Na Songkhla Mr. Henri ~agau-Clarac Mr. Dirk Naumann Mr. Spha Palasthira. Mrs. Boobpa Navakul Mrs. Rita Palla • Mr. Sukhum Navaphan *Mr. Prasat Panyarachun Mr. Jacques Negre * Mr. E. Conrad Parkman Mrs. Pat Ngamsnit "' Dr. H. Carroll Parish Mr. Carsten D. Nielsen Mr. Michael Parr Mr. Pierre J. Nicolas Mrs. K. Ann Parsons Mrs. Eva K. Nielsen Ms. Roberta A. Pascoe Miss Leona B. Niemann M.L. Pawkaun Patamasingh "' Mr. Jan Nielsen Mrs. H.K. Patmo-(Mingoen) Mr. Poul M. Nielsen Mr. Lewis Pauker Annual Reports 299

Mr. Alois Payer * Mrs. Mira Prachabarn *Mr. Somnuk Pejrprim Mr. Patanapong Prakalpong Mr. Denys A. Pender * M.R. Seni Pramoj * Dr. Hans Penth Miss Pramporn Pramualratana Mr. Geoffrey Percival Mrs. Chittra Pranich · Mr. J.P. Perguson Mr. Christian J. Prat-Vincent * Mr. J. Perrin Mr. Russell Proctor Mr. David M. Peter *Dr. Sem Pring-Puang Kaew Dr. Heather A. Peters Luang Promadbat Mr. Donald L. Petrie Mr. James B. Pruess Mr. Jurgen M. Pfeifer Mr. Gobchai Pauvilai Mr. Umphon Phanachet Mrs. Siripen Pauvilai Mrs. Sitra Phanasomburna Miss Chanchai Puckadhikom * Mr. S. Phataminviphas Mr. Henri Punta Mr. A.J. Phillips Mr. Tos Puntumasen · Mr. Ernest Phillips Mrs. Penkae Puntusang Dr. Rodney E. Phillips * Dr. Chaloem Puranananda M.D. * Mr. Pinyo Phinainitisat *Mr. Chamikorn Purananda Mr. Yong Pholabun * Dr. Herbert C. Purnell Mr. Sanya Pholprasit Mrs. Sophia W. Quinn-Judge Dr. Pasuk Phongpaichit Mr. J. Race *Mr. Harry H. Pierson Mr. John K. Radford Mr. C. Davis Pike Mrs. Katherine M. Radosh Miss Christel Pilz Mr. Dacre F.A. Raikes O.B.E. * Miss Nilawan Pinthong * Gen. Rasmee Rajanivat * Prof. Duangduen Pisalbutra Mr. M. Rajaretnam * Mr. Kaset Pitakpaivan * H.S.H. Prince Piyarangsit Rangsit Mr. Vagn G.A. Plenge * Mom Chao Sanidh Rangsit Mrs. Bernadette Poidatz Mr. Theera Ratanapinyoying Mr. Darryl J. Pollard Mrs. L. Rasmussen Miss Taraka Poontavee Mr. Preecha Ratanodom Mrs. Saowaoit Pothanun Dr. Prasob Ratanakorn Mr. Derek R. Pott Mr. Bhichai Rattakul Mr. Tom Potworowski * Mr. Thomas H. Rau * Dr. Saveros Pou Mr. Antonia Realacci Mr. Jess G. Pourret Miss Antonia M. Reeve Mr. Chun Prabhavivadhana Mr. Philip A. Reeves 300 Annual Reports

Dr. Karl Reichstetter Mrs. Hinako Sakamoto Mr. John M. Reid *Mr. Takeshi Sakamoto Mr, Jens Reinhardt * Mrs. Sita Sena Salih Mr. Ronald D. Renard Mr. Narinder Singh Saluja Mr. Nicolas Revenga * Lt. Gen. Phya .Salwidhan-Nidhes Dr. Craig J. Reynolds * Khunying Lursakdi Sampatisiri Mr. Hans A. Ries Miss M.S. Sanderson *Prof. Fred W. Riggs Mr. Richard E. Sandler * Mrs. Susan G. Riley * Mr. Cecil Sanford Mr. William M. Riley * Mr. Jitkasem Sangsingkeo Mrs. R.S. Ringis * Dr. Thawatchai Santisuk *Mr. Serge Rips Mr. Kriengsak Sangtong Mr.. Edward A~ Roberts Mr. Vibul Sarakitpricha Mr. George B. Roberts *Mrs. Laksanee Sarasas Mrs. Maureen F. Roberts Mr. D.V. Sassoon Mr. Kevin W. Robertson * Mr. Hock Siew Saw Miss Kittipom Rojchanayotin • Mr. Pancha Sayalakshana Mr. James P. Rooney Mrs. Chindabha Sayanha-Vikasit Mr. Edward K. Rose * Mr. Ratchatin Sayamanond Dr. Klaus Rosenberg *Prof. Dr. Meinrad Scheller Mr. Ronald Rosenberg Mr. Michel Scherrer Mrs. Barbara RowbottOPl Mr. George Schmidt Mr. J.S. Roy Mr.. Klaus Schindler Mr. Thamanoon Ruangsilp H.E. W.F.M. Schmidt *Mr. Walter A. Rudlin * Dr. Hans Schneider * Miss Parichart Ruengvisesh * Mr. Hartmut W. Schneider Miss Wasinee Rujirut · Mr. Adrianus Schrama • Mr. Dana W. Russell • Dr. E P. Schrock Mrs. Chamnongsri Rutnin • Mr. Klaus F. Schroder Mr. Kevin A. Ryon Mr. Walter Schuller * Prof. Sood Saengvichien Mr. Dieter Schutt Mr. Prapat Saengwanit Dr. Ira K. Schwartz *Mr. David Sahlberg Mr. Herbert Schwarz Mr. Bengt Sahlin Mr. Dale Schwerdtfeger *Mr. Patya Saihoo Mr. William Scott Dr. Waldemar Sailer Mr. Frank W. Scotton * Sao Saimong Mrs. Thomas A. Seale · Annual Reports 301

Mr. Ulrich Seeger " Mr. Robert Skiff Mr. D. Segaller Mr. Peter Skilling " H.E. Mon. Gunnar Seidenfaden Prof. Cyril Skinner Mr. Adreas Stefan Sekles *Prof. G.W. Skinner Mr. Charles H.C. Seller Miss S. Skul Jittajarem · Dr. Z. Semberova Mr. Edwin Slatter " Mr. Leo Seng Tee Mr. Peter M. Smidt *Mr. A. Sennhauser Mr. Ellis G. Smith

Mrs. Coris Sepulveda 0 * Mr. Perry E.H. Smith Miss Kulanuch Sertsuwankul Mr. Kent D. Smith * Mr. Vija Sethaput * Prof. Michael Smithies H.E. Phya Manava Raja Sevi * Dr. Tem Smitinand " Dr. Lauriston Sharp Miss Sarapee Smutkochom *Dr. B.C. Shaw Dr. Isabella Vignoli Snidvongs

"' Mrs. 0 Duangphorn Shaw Mrs. Pasherin Snidvongs * Prof. John Shaw * Mr. Pochana Snidvongs " Mrs. Nisa Sheanakul Mrs. Surapee Snidvongs * Mr. Lee Sheng-Yi * Khun Varunyupha Snidvongs Mr. Masahjde Shibusawa * Miss Wipudh Sobhavong " Prof. Dr. Yoshiro Shiratori • Soedjatmoko * Dr. Jitkasem Sibunruang *Dr. Wilhelm G. Solheim U Mr. Amaret Sila-On * Mr. J. Paul Somm Mr. Andre S. Simard • Dr. Prasert Sombuntham, M.D. * Mr. P.E.J.S Simms * M.R. Subijja Sonakul Mr. David M. Sims • H.S.H. Princess Sibpan Sonakul Mr. Aksorn Sindhuprama * Mrs. Arunee Sopitpongsatom Dr. S. Singaravelu Mr. Per Sorensen * Mr. Jaimal Singh Miss Sirintorn Sosothikul Mrs. Surijt Chawla Singh * Miss Majorie W. Spaulding * H.R.H. Princess Maha Chakri Mr. N.A.J. Spencer Sirindhorn * Dr. Max Spegelberg Miss Aroonee Sirivadhna * Mr. Hans J. Spielmann * Mrs. Mani Sirivorasarn Mr. David J. Spillane Miss Vilawan Sirvanichkul * Dr. Charles N. Spinks Mr. Javanit Sivakua Mr. Norbert Spohn '* Mr. Sulaksana Sivaraks Mr. Kuoch H. Srea Dr. Ronald Skeldon Mr. Sakda Sreesangkom 302 Annual Reports

Mrs. F. Sreesangkom Prof. Helmut Sundhaussen Mrs. Duangtip Srifuengfung · Mr. Methi Sunthornrangsri • Admiral Ying Srihong * Mr. Konthi Suphamongkhon Miss Tatsanai ·Sriratana Miss Waraporn Sutavadi * Dr. Koson Srisang Mr. Vinit Suraphongchai Dr. Svasti Srisukh Miss Somchit Suravanichsiri • Mrs. Vina Sritanratana "' Khunying Srinath Suriya Mrs. Susan Staples Mrs. Rose Marie Sutan-Tanon · Mr. Richard Stampfie Mr. Thongchai Sutivej * Miss Lucy Starling Mrs. Regina Suvansarang * Mr. Willy Steck Mr. Songphand Suvansarang Mr. Earl J. Steele Mrs. Bubphanard Suvanamas Mr. Mark J. Stein Miss Suvarnapha Suvarnaprathip Mr. David I. Steinberg Mr. Phairoj Suvarnasthira Mrs. Hazel L. Steinmetz Miss Suree Suvamasorn Mr. James Stent * Mr. Kasin Suvatabandhu Mr. Theodore Stern Mrs. Pha-oon Suwannawin· * Dr. Larry Sternstein • M.R. Vudhi Svasti Mrs. Vajari Stewart * Mrs. Ellen Swan Mrs. Diane S. Strachan *Mr. Robert Swann Mrs. Souwanit Sonnbichler Mr. D.K. Swearer· Mrs. Robert Stratton Mrs. Pauline Tabtiang Mr. Roger F. Stuveras Assc. Prof. l'akuji Takemura Miss Sirichantom Sucharitakul * Mr. David K.S. Tan Dr. Pomchai Suchitr Mr. Ping-Fee Tan Mr. Sc:;ri Suddhaphakti Mr. Sith Tangchintanakan Mrs. Hiroko Sukanjanajtee Miss Suchada Tangtongtavy Miss V. Sukapatipotharam Mr. Sidhijai Tanphiphat " Mrs. Sirivan S~khabanij Mrs. Ingrid Tan~emsapya • Mr. Vhavit Sukhabanij Mr. Chirasak Tansathitaya "Dr. Dhara Sukhavachana Mr. Thavi Tantisunthorn Mrs. Malini Sukhsvasti · Dr. Thavi Tantiwongse . Mr. Vichien Sukitjanont Mr. David D. Tarrant Miss Pisawat Sukonthapan Miss Khanita Tavekam Mrs. Vinita Sukrasep • Mr. Martin F. Taylor M.R. Suriyavudh Su~svasti Miss Valerie B. Teague • Dr. Kunthon Sundaravej * Mr. Sathien Te~apaibul Annual Reports 303

Dr. Barend J. Terwiel Mr. Scott P. Tribble Mr. Robert C. Tetro Miss Bernadette Tro • Prof. Robert B. Textor Mrs. Sheila Tuchinda Mr. Supot Thai-Thong Ms. John W. Tucker Mr. Boonparn Thakoon Mr. William S. Turley . Dr. Kokeo Thammongkol • Mr. G.M. Turpin Mr. Chavalit Thanachanan Mr. Andrew Turton Mrs. Lucia Thangsuphanich • Dr. Snoh Unakul Mr. Yin.Thaung * Mrs. Margaret Ungphakorn Mrs. Sukanya Thavikulwat Mr. K.M. Uvhagen Mr. John A. Thierry Mrs. Rachanee Valls Miss Grete Thinggaard · • Luang Saman Vanakit Mr. Serge Thion Mr. Steven D. VanBeek Mr. MarshallS. Thomas Mr. A.D. Vanderboon Mr. Geoffrey Thompson Mrs. Florance Van Duyn • Mr. Henry B. Thompson Mrs. lngeborg Vanek * Dr. Donald R. Thomson * Mr. H. A. van der Flier * Mr. Paothong Thongchua • Dr. M.B.C. van der Velden • Brigadier General Elliott R. Thorpe Mr. Johannes A. Van Ginkel Mr. Hans P. Tillmann Mrs. Anita Van Hoeve Mrs. Sally Timm Dr. W.J .. van Liere Mr. Marten G. Timmer Mrs. Penny Van Esterik Mr. Charit Tingsabadh Miss Jeanette E. Vail Einden Mr. Chitti Tingsabadh Mrs. Romee Staring van Luttervelt * Prof. Takejiro Tomita Mr. J.D. van Oenen • Mr. Takashi Tomosugi • Mr. Johan A. Van Zuylen M.R. Puckpring Tongyai • Mr. Pichai Vasnasong M.R. Tongyai Tongyai Mrs. Leonie Vejjajiva Dr. Steven J. Torok * H.E. Nissai Vejjajiva Miss Narelle R. Townsend • Dr. Christian Velder Dr. Hideo Toyokuni Mr. Gabriel Vernier Mrs. Yanagi Toyokuni Mrs. Daniel Verpillot Prof. Arne Trankell Mr. Michael T. Vickery * Mr. Forrest C. Travaille Miss Suzanne Vigeant Mr. Uthai Treesucon Dr. John Villiers Mr. Gordon I. Trevett • Miss Suri Vimolohakarn Mr. Guy Trebuil * Dr. Samak Viravaidya 304 Annual Reports

*Mr. Navamintr Vitayakul· Dr. Gehan Wijeyewardene Mr. Vittorio Dr. Henry Wilde Mr. Swai Vivorakij Mr. Endymion P. Wilkinson • Dr. J. Vixseboxse Mr. M.J. Wilkinson * Mr. Rolf E. Von Bueren * Mr. Curtis C. Williams, Jr. Mr. Charoon Vongsayanh Mr. John Willoughby * Prof. Dr. Oskar von Hinuber * Dr. Constance M. Wilson Mr. Chusak Voraphitak Dr. Harold E. Wilson M.R. Chirie Voravarn * Mr. Thawisak Wiriyasiri Miss Suchitra Vuthisathird Miss Geeskelien Wolters Mrs. Barbara Wagner Miss Christine E. Wong Miss Elizabeth Walch Mr. Albert P. Wongchirachai Mr. Louis Walker Dr. Thosaporn Wongratana Mr. Rieser Walter "Miss Carol Woo Mr. Chanin Wanadit Mr. Suvit Wanglee * Mr. James L. Woods Dr. Derek Wangwiwatana Mr. R.A. Woodward Miss Kanchanasit Wansom Mr. Michael Wright Mr. Sirajit Waramontri Mr. Peter Wuest Mr. George Ward Mr. Andrew Wynne Dr. David A. Warrell • Prof. David K. Wyatt Mr. Charles P. Warren Mr. Shusuke Yagi Mr. William Warren Mr. Tadayuki Yamamoto Mr. D.B. Waterhouse Mrs. Yoshiko Yamamoto M.R. Da~anee Wattanayakorn Mr. Seigo Yamauchi Mr. Hansjuerg Weber " Mrs. M. Yipintsoi * Dr. Karl E. Weber "Mr. Toshiharu Yoshikawa Mr. Ulrich Weber · · Mrs. Margot Weinmann Miss Mineko Yoshioka Mr. Roger Clarke Welty Mr. Prachitr Yossundara "Dr. K. Wenk Mr. Allan B. Youn_g Mr. Schappi Werner * H.R.H. Prince Bhanubandh Yugala Mr. Sam S. Westgate * H.R.H. Prince Chalernibol Yugala Mr. T.K. Whalley M.C. Mongkolchalerm Yugala Mrs. Mark I. Whitcraft * Mr. Thanit Yupho Mr. Peter White Mr. Boguslow Zakrzewski * Mr. William S. Whorton Mr. Nicholas C. Zefran *Dr. Adul Wichiencharoen Mr. Pierre Zerdoun Mr. Hansjoerg Wiedmann Mr. Carl J. Zeytoon Dr. Martin Wieland Mr. Alexis Ziering Mr. Leo Wienands Mr. Daniel D. Zoller, Jr. Mrs. M.M.F. Wiggins Dr. Volkmar V. Zuehlsdorft' LIST OF INSTITUTIONAL SUBSCRIBERS

AUSTRALIA James Cook University of Queensland, Queensland Monash University, Clayton, Victoria BURMA Burma Socialist Programme Party, Rangoon CANADA The University of Calgary, Alberta CHILE Universidad de Chile, Temuco DENMARK Centralinstitut for Nordisk Asienforskning, Copenhagen Det Kongelige Bibliotek, Copenhagen Statsbiblioteket, Aarhus FRANCE Office. International de Documentation et Librairie, Paris Sciences Humaines, Paris GREAT BRITAIN British Library, Boston Spa, Wetherby, Yorks HOLLAND Koninklijk Instituut voordde Tropen, Amsterdam Universiteitsbibliotheek SA, Amsterdam HONG KONG University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong INDIA Jawaharlal Nehru University •. New Delhi National Botanical Research ISRAEL Bethlehem University, Bethlehem Jewish Natl & University Library, Jerusalem JAPAN Kokkai Toshoka, Tokyo Kokusai Daigaku Library Nanzan University, Aichi National Museum of Ethnology Library, Osaka Osaka University of Foreign Studies, Osaka Tsukuba University. Library.

305 306 Annual R,eports

MALAYSIA Univer~iti Sains Malaysia Libra.ry, Minden, Penang PHILIPPINES University 'or PhUippines, · ·Diliman SINGAPORE Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Pasir Panjang SWEDEN ..'· University of Lund TAIWAN Science & Technology Inf. Clr., Taipei THAILAND Chianginai University Library, Chiangmai Chulalongkom University, Bangkok . Office of the National Education Commission Library, Bangkok Ramkamheang University, Bangkok Silpakorn University, Bangkok Sitpakorn Universit~, Nakorn Path~m ·songkhlanakrin University, Pattani '·· Songkhlanakri1:1 University, Songkhla UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Arizona State University, Tempe~ AZ Brandeis University, Waltham, MA Brigham Young University~ Provo, UT Carleton College Library, Nortltfi,eld, MN College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA Columbia Universiiy Libraries; New York Indiana State University Cunningham Library, Terre Haute; IN Indiana :tJniv.ersity Libraries, IN · Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, CA Northern Illinois University, ILL Ohio University, Athens, OH Rice University iJ~r~~y,' Hou.Stqn, TX Stanford._ University,· Stanford, CA. · . - · ·· .St~te ·l.Jniversit~ ·of· N.Y.' at Bufr~o; "Bulfalo, N.Y. The Hon~old ·Library,· Clare~ont, CA l• .. I Tufts University, Medford, MA University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ . Annual Reports 307

University of California, Santa Barbara, CA University of Chicago Library, Chicago, ILL University of Illinois University, ILL University of MD/McK.eldin Library, College Park, MD University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI University of N.Y. Albany, Albany, NY University of Washington, Seattle, WA University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WIS Washington State University, Pullman, WA Wesleyan University, Middletown, CT W-Germany Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden INSTITUTIONS EXCHANGING PUBLICATIONS WITH THE SIAM SOCIETY,-:1983

BASEL. Tauschstelle der Naturfrschenden Gesellschaft in Basel. BELGIUM Jardin Botanique National de Belgique, Bruxelles BRUNEI Brunei Museum, Kota Datu CHINA (TAIWAN) Department of Archaeology and Anthropology, National Taiwan University, Taipei Institute of Fishery Biology, N~~otional Taiwan University, Taipei Institute of History and Philology, Academia Sinica, Taipei DENMARK Bonanisk Centrabibliotek, K0benhaven ENGLAND British ~useum, Department of Natural History, London. Royal Asiatic Society, London.· Royal Botanic Garden, Bclinburgh .. School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London, London FRANCE Ecole Francaise d'Bxtreme Orient, Paris Musee Ouimet, Paris Societe Asiatique, Paris GERMANY, FED.RBP. OF· Botanischer Garden Und Botanisches Museum, Berlin Seminar fiir Sprache und Kultur Chinas. South Bast Asian Department, Hamburg. Geographishes Institute der Universitat Bonn, Bonn. Staatliches Museum fiir Natu.-kunde, Bibliothek, Stuttgart. HONG KONG Royal Asiatic Society, Hong Kong Branch.

303 An~ual Reports S09

INDIA All-India Kashiraj-Trust, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh. Asiatic Society, Calcutta. - JAPAN Institute for the study of languages and Culture of Asia and Africa, Tokyo Gaikokugo Daigaku, Tokyo. Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo, Tokyo. National Museum of Ethnology, Senri Expo Park, Suita, Osaka. Oriental Library, the Toyo Bunko, Tokyo. The Toyoshi-Kenkyu-Kai, The Society of Oriental Researches Kyoto University. MALAYSIA Ford Foundation, Kuala Lumpur. Malayan Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, Jalan Sultan, Petaling Jaya. Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur. Persatuan Pencinta Alam, Malayan Nature Society, Kuala Lumpur. NETHERLANDS Koriinklijk institut voor Taal-, Land-en Volkenkunde, Leiden. Rijksmuseum voor Volkenkunde, Leiden. NORWAY The Royal University Library ·of Oslo. PHILIPPINES University of the Philippines at Los Banos, Laguna. POLAND Museum of Natural History, Sienkiweicra, Wroctaw. SARAWAK Sarawak Museuav, Kuching. SINGAPORE National University of Singapore Library. South Seas Society. SRI LANKA ·National Museum Library, Colombo. SWITZERLAND

CoQ$ervatoir~ ~t Jardin Botanique1 Bibliotheque, Gen~ve. 310 Annual ~eports

THAILAND Development Document Center, National Institute of Development Administration,· Bangkok. Library of Congress Office, American Embassy, Bangkok. Thai National Document Center, Bangkok. . . UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Albert R. Mann· Library, Ithaca, New York. American Museum of Natural History, New York. American Ornithologists' Union, Depattment of Anatomy (UMIC) Chicago, ILLINOIS Biosciences Information Service, Literature Resources Department, Philadelphia, Penns~lvania. Field Museum of Natural History; Library, Chicago, lllinois. Museum of Fine Arts, Library, Boston, Massachusetts. New York Botanical Garden, Library, New York. Smithsonian Institution Library, Washington D.C. University of California, Genertd Library, Berkeley, California. University of Florida Libraries, Gainesville, Florida• .University of Hawaii Library, Honolulu, Hawaii. University of Southern California, Allan Hancock Foundation, Hancock Library of Biology and Oceanography. Wenner-Gren Foundation for Anthropological Research, New York.